wt module ii xml

8/3/2019 Wt Module II XML

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Sarju SLecturer

Department of Computer Science and EngineeringWWW.lectnote.blogspot.com

Web Technologies (RT 705)

XML

Java

Bean

JSP EJB

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Module II

Document Type declarations Creating XML DTDs

Element type declaration Attribute List

Declaration Attribute types Attribute defaults Displaying XML Data in HTML browser as

HTML tables Storing XML data in HTML

document Converting XML to HTML with XSL

minimalist XSL style sheets XML applications

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Document Type Declarations

is a statement embedded in XML document

whose purpose is to acknowledge the existence

and location of the Document Type Definition

(DTD).

It tells, what tags we can use in a document,

what order they should appear in, which tagscan appear inside other ones, which tags have

attribute so on.

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Document Type Declarations

All document type declaration begins with

the string


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Internal Subset(Internal DTD)

Document Type Definitions that are

included with in the xml document is called

Internal DTD.

Syntax

]>

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Eg:

]>

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#PCDATA :- Parsed Character Data, which explicitly

means that the text that not contain markups, just simplecharacter data.


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]>

Rani

Ravi

Remainder

About our parents Wedding Anniversary


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The DTD is interpreted as follows:

1) 4) PCDATA - Element contain only text data

5) # - # is reserved character indicates that #PCDATA is

a reserved word


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External Subset(External DTD)

consists of a reference to an external entity

following the DOCTYPE keyword.

apples.dtd

apples.xml

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//mail.xml

Rani

Ravi

Remainder

About our parents Wedding Anniversary


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//mail.dtd

]>


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Internal and External

apples.dtd

apples.xml

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Element Type Declarations

Element type declarations allow an xml

application to constrain the element that

can occur in the document and to specifythe order in which can occur.

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To validate an XML document ,a validating

parser needs to know three things about

each element

1) What the element type is named

2) What elements of that type can

contain(content model)

3) What attributes an element of that type has

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Both the element type name and its content

model are declared together in what is

known asElement Type declaration

Element Type declaration must start with

the string

name and content specification

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Every element has certain allowed content.

There are four general types of content

specification

1) EMPTY content may not have content

Eg:

2) ANY content may have any combination of

elements in any order

Eg: 16



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3) Mixed content may have character data or

mix of character data and sub elements

Eg:

4) Element Content May have only sub

elements in element content specifications.

Eg:

body)>

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Attribute List Declarations

Attribute list declarations serve to specify

the name, type and optionally the default

value of the attribute associate with anelement.

default-value>

There are ten different attribute types exist.

They are

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The simplest type of attribute is the CDATA

or string attribute. CDATA attribute values

can be any string of characters.

For example

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String Attributes


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An element of type product has an attribute

called name whose values can be any string

of characters except ,&

Sample:or

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String Attributes


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An enumerated attribute is one that can take

on one of a fixed set of values supplied as

part of its declaration.

Ex:

Color(red|green) >

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Enumerated Attributes


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An element of type product has two

attributes known as name and color. The

name attribute can have any string ofcharacters except ,&.Color attribute

must be either the string red orgreen .

Note : Remember the enumerated attribute elements are case

sensitive.

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Enumerated Attributes


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ID

name to an element to uniquely identify it.

mustbegin with a letter, a _ ,or a :

character .

Example

the sample element might look like this

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ID/IDREF/IDREFS


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IDREF

Represents the value of an ID attribute of

another element.

the sample element might look like this

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IDREFS

Represents multiple IDs of elements,

separated by whitespace.

book element might look like this:

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ENTITY/ENTITIES

The name of an entity (which must be

declared in the DTD)

The letter element might look like this:

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NMTOKEN /NMTOKENS

A valid XML name.

any combination of letters, digits and some

punctuation characters ., -, _ and

:.

Note that this list does not contain any

white space characters.

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NOTATION

An attribute list declaration of type

NOTATION must specify one or more

notations declared somewhere in theDocument Type Declaration.

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ATTRIBUTE DEFAULTS

#IMPLIED

#REQUIRED

#FIXED value

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#IMPLIED

Specifies that there is no default value for

this attribute, and that the attribute is

optional.

Syntax

#IMPLIED>Example

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#REQUIRED

The attribute must have an explicitly

specified value on every occurrence of the

element in the document.

Syntax

CDATA #REQUIRED>

Example

#REQUIRED> 39


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#FIXED

The #FIXED keyword specifies that you will

provide value, and that's the only value that

can be used by users of this DTD.

Syntax

CDATA #FIXED>

Example

#FIXED "EN"> 40


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XSL

XSL stands forExtensible Styles Language

and is a very powerful language for

applying styles to XML documents.formatting language

transformation language.

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XSL

The formatting language allows you to

apply styles similar to what CSS does.

The transformation language is known as

XSLT (XSL Transformations).

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B i h d i h


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xsl:stylesheet

In this element we can specify the Namespace

for style sheet.

Basic tags that are used in the

XSL

xmlns:xsl='http://www.w3.org/TR/WD-xsl

B i t th t d i th


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tag allows us to select any node in our XML

document and transform its contents.

Eg: 1.

Eg: 2.


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XSL


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(other content/HTML markup goes here)

(other content/XSLT/HTML markup goes

here)

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XSL


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wt module ii xml

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