, ,

(UAV,

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) (Drone)

.

, , , , ,

.

. , ,

.

.

.

. (OSD, Office of the Secre-

tary of Defense) UAV roadmap ,

,

,

,

. ,

[1].

,

, , , , , ,

.

. ,

GPS, ,

.

,

(Telemetry)

.

.

, (GCS, Ground Control System),

.

.

.

.

.

.

1.

FEBRUARY2016 | 93

/ : (), (DGIST), ()

.

.

.

.

, Wi-Fi, ,

[2][3]. .

1.

(Bluetooth) , ,

[4].

.

, ,

industrial scientific and medical (ISM) 2,400~2,483

MHz .

MHz 79 . 2,400

MHz

fre-

quency hopping (FS) .

. 79 1 1,600

.

.

. Wi-Fi

. ,

.

2.

. 1 ( 1G)

.

2G global

system for mobile communication (GSM)

(Qualcomm) code division multiple access

(CDMA) .

.

3G GSM wideband-CDMA

(W-CDMA) CDMA CDMA2000

. 3G

.

4G

long term evolution (LTE) LTE-ad-

vanced (LET-A) . 3G

, , ,

. LTE 1 Gbps 60

km/h 100 Mbps

2. 3. (Frequency Hopping)

94 |

|

.

CDMA

.

. CDMA

( )

() .

.

.

.

.

.

3. Wi-Fi

Wi-Fi Hi-Fi (High Fidelity)

(LAN, Local Area Net-

work) [5].

institute of electrical and electronics

engineers (IEEE) IEEE 802.11

. Wi-Fi

Wi-Fi = .

, , TV, ,

Internet of things (IoT) .

Wi-Fi

.

. Wi-Fi

.

Wi-Fi ISM

. Wi-Fi

.

4.

[6]. ,

, ,

.

, .

( ),

1 GHz

, .

.

, , ,

. (Earth station)

.

.

.

, Wi-Fi

.

.

.

4.

FEBRUARY2016 | 95

|

.

1.

.

.

(ITU, International Telecommuni-

cation Union) (WRC, World Radio

Conference)

. 2012

WRC-12

61 MHz 5,030~5,091

MHz .

WRC-15 , , , ,

5.6 GHz , 12.2~12.75

GHz, 29.5~30 GHz

.

. , ,

.

, ,

ISM 2.4 GHz 5.8 GHz .

ISM

.

10 mW

.

433 MHz 900 MHz

.

.

2015 12 WRC-15

5,030~5,091 MHz 61

MHz

.

10 mW 10 W

.

2.

.

(Mobile

node) .

,

2 3

. ,

(LoS, Line of Sight)

.

[7]-[12].

.

, ,

[13].

(AFW, Autonomous Flight

Wireless node) 1)

(wireless station) 2)

(hovering) 3)

4)

.

.

GPS

.

5. (Line of Sight)

96 |

|

(DTN, Delay Toler-

ant Network) --

.

.

.

.

[14].

.

.

.

trade-off .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

, ,

[15][16].

Cyber-Security Threat Model

[17].

(confidentiality), (integrity),

(availability) .

.

UAV, (GCS), , .

.

, , , UAV

. UAV

6. GPS

8.

7.

FEBRUARY2016 | 97

|

UAV

. ,

, , - ,

.

, , .

.

.

. signal to noise ratio (SNR)

.

denial of service (DoS)

. DoS

distributed DoS (DDoS)

.

.

.

.

.

, , , , ,

, ,

.

.

.

.

. IT

.

Acknowledgment

( SRFC-IT1401-09).

[1] Office of the Secretary of Defense, Unmanned aerial

vehicles (UAV) roadmap, 2003.

[2] S. Morgenthaler, T. Braun, Zhongliang Zhao, T.

Staub, and M. Anwander, UAVNet: A mobile wire-

less mesh network using unmanned aerial vehicles,

IEEEE Globecom Workshops, pp.1603-1608, 2012.

[3] E. Yanmaz, R. Kuschnig, and C. Bettstetter,Achiev-

ing air-ground communications in 802.11 networks

with three-dimensional aerial mobility, IEEE IN-

FOCOM, pp.120-124, 2013.

[4] Bluetooth SIG. Specification of the Bluetooth System,

Core v1.1. 2001.

[5] IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY LAN MAN STANDARDS

COMMITTEE, Wireless LAN Medium Access Control

9. UAV

98 |

|

(MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications, 1997.

[6] B. G. Evans, Satellite Communication Systems, Insti-

tution of Engineering and Technology, 2004.

[7] M. Asadpour, B. Van den Bergh, D. Giustiniano, K.

Hummel, S. pollin, and B. Plattner, Micro aerial

vehicle networks: An experimental analysis of chal-

lenges and opportunities, IEEE Communications

Magazine, vol. 52, no. 7, pp. 141-149, 2014.

[8] J. Allred, A. B. Hasan, S. Panichsakul, W. Pisano,

P. Gray, J. Huang, R. Han, D. Lawrence, and K.

Mohseni, SensorFlock: An airborne wireless sen-

sor network of micro-air vehicles, Proceedings of

the 5th International ACM Conference on Embedded

Networked Sensor Systems, pp. 117-129, 2007.

[9] T. Andre, K. Hummel, A. Schoelling, E. Yanmaz, M.

Asadpour, C. Bettstetter, P. Grippa, H. Hellwagner,

S. Sand, and S. Zhang, Application-driven design

of aerial communication networks, IEEE Communi-

cations Magazine, vol. 52, no. 5, pp. 129-137, 2014.

[10] C. Forster, S. Lynen, L. Kneip, and D. Scaramuzza,

Collaborative monocular SLAM with multiple micro

aerial vehicles, IEEE/RSJ International Conference

on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), pp. 3962-

3970, 2013.

[11] A. Brkle, F. Segor, and M. Kollmann, Towards au-tonomous micro UAV swarms, Journal of Intelligent

& Robotic Systems, vol. 61 no.1-4, pp. 339-353, 2011.

[12] K. Daniel, B. Dusza, A. Lewandowski, and C. Wi-

etfeld, AirShield: A system-of-systems MUAV

remote sensing architecture for disaster response,

2009 3rd Annual IEEE Systems Conference, pp.196-

200, 2009.

[13] N. Uchida, N. Kawamura, T. Ishida, and Y. Shibata,

Resilient network with autonomous flight wireless

nodes based on delay tolerant networks, IT CoNver-

gence PRActice (INPRA), vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 1-13, 2014.

[14] A. Agogino, C. HolmesParker, and K. Tumer,

Evolving large scale UAV communication system,

Proceedings of the 14th Annual ACM Conference on

Genetic and Evolutionary Computation, pp. 1023-

1030, 2012.

[15] Z. Birnbaum, A. Dolgikh, V. Skormin, E. OBrien,

D. Muller, and C. Stracquodaine, Unmanned aerial

vehicle security using behavioral profiling, Inter-

national Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems

(ICUAS), pp.1310-1319, 2015.

[16] Y. Duan, X. Ji, M. Li, and Y. Li, Route planning

method design for UAV under radar ECM scenario,

12th International Conference on Signal Processing

(ICSP), pp.108-114, 2014.

[17] A.Y. Javaid, W. Sun, V.K. Devabhaktuni, and M.

Alam, Cyber security threat analysis and model-

ing of an unmanned aerial vehicle system, IEEE

Conference on Technologies for Homeland Security

(HST), pp.585-590, 2012.

2010 IT

2011~

: , ,

2014

2015~

: Cyber-Physical Systems, Drone,

Internet of Things

1998

2000

2005

2005~ 2006

2006~ 2010 (-)

2011~

: -

,

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. . . .