úyaj i;h · iyÔjkhg hula werhqu msgq 04 bia,dufha u. fmkaùï wkqj Ôj;a jkafkl=f.a ish¨ ÿla...

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whs't,a'tï'wíÿ,a wiSia

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f,dj ìysjQ o¾Yk" wd.ï ish,a, ñksid

f;dard .;a oDIaÀ fldaKfhka uÕ fmkajk úg bia,dï

muKla —w,a,dyag wjk; ùu msKsi wd.u ;=<g

iïmQ¾Kfhka msúfikak˜ lshd werhqï lrhs' ;jo" hï

.eg¿jla u;=jkafka kï thg úiÿu w,a l=¾wdkh w,a

y§ih u.ska msysg m;k l%shd iqixfhda.hla lrhs'

ta wkQj hq.hg .e<fmk iod;ksl jQ o' fmkaùï fuh ;=<

;sfnk nj bia,dï idvïnrfhka lshhs' Wo fujka

ixl,amhla bÈßfha nqoaÈu;aj ixl,amkd;aulj uqyqK §ug

fkdyels wh wj,do k.d bia,dóh kHdhka úlD¾;s lsÍug

W;aiyd orkafka bia,dufha wNsfhda.d;aul ixl,amh

bÈßfha Tjqkaf.a ksrej; fy<sjk ksidh'

wo f,dj kkafoiska udkj whs;sjdislï iyuq,sïu

W,a,x>kh lr kj hg;a úcs; lrKhl msUqrem;a ilid

ngysr lrKh jQ Okd;aul Ñka;k j,ska i;H fjkqfjka

fmkS isàu whqla;shg" widodrKhg fmkS isàu tfrys ùu

iyd hqla;sh bgq lsÍu Wfoid fmkS isàu Okd;aul is;=ú,s

jYfhka yÿkajd kj mrmqr nqoaosu;a iqÿ msrejg oud.;a

Wkau;a;lhka lsÍug ;e;a lsÍu ngysr ;rÕfha ;j;a

msïula' wo f,dj mqrd i;H l:d lsÍu ;%ia; jdÈ l%shdjla nj

weÕùug ngysr f,dalh orK jEhu .ek ;slaIaKdj

ne,Sug werhqï lsÍu taldhk j.lSula wm ms<s.ksuq'

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oek.ekSu msKsi fuu ;rÕ meje;afõ'

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ch.%dyslhkag jákd ;Hd.hka msßkukq ,efí'

01' Tnf.a ms<s;=re meyeÈ<s w;a wl=ßka hqla; úh hq;=h' uõ,újreka fï ioyd whÿï lr fkdyel'02' fkajdislj uoarid wOHdmkh ,nkakkao fï ioyd 03'

whÿï lr fkdyel' ;r. lrejka Tnf.a ,smskh yd ÿrl:k wxl 04'

meyeÈ,sj fhduql< hq;=h'Tnf.a ms<s;=re uqidnl;=¾ ru<dka 05'

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msgq 11msgq 11msgq 11 werhquwerhquwerhqu

foaYysff;Is kdhlhska


foaYysff;Is kdhlhska

jHjia:d odhl iNdfjys ;u j¾.fha ksfhdað;fhl= ,nd

.eksu i|yd fhdakljreka isoaÈ f,ífí uy;df.a

m%uqL;afjhka Èh;a l< igk wíÿ,a wisia uy;d úisks

fhdkljref.a wdhpkhg jHjia:d odhl iNdfõ§

úreoaO;ajh ±laúfuka muKla fkdkej;S ,xld fhdakl

ck;djf.a jxY l:dj hk uefhka Tyq úiska rÑ; m;%sldjla

rdclSh wdishd;sl ix.ufha /iaúul§ lsfhõfõh' tu.ska

Tyq fhdakljreka fou< ck;djf.ka mejef;k mrïmrdla

hhs ;uka bÈßm;a l< ixl,amh ikd: lsßug hkak

orefõh' wíÿ,a wiSia uy;d fhdakl ix.ufha iyfhda.S;dj

u; rdukdoka uy;df.a m;s%ldjg ms,s;=re fok úfõpkhla

,sõfõh' ta u.ska Tyq ,xld fhdakljrekaf.a bia,dï wd.u

je<| .;a oñ<hka fkdj ,xldfõ mÈxÑ jq wdrdìjrekaf.a

mrïmrdjlg wh;a ck fldÜGdYhla nj ikd: lf<ah¡

1903 § wíÿ,a wiSia uy;d urodk uiaðofha l<uKdldr

Ndrlre jYfhka wjqreÿ 5 l ld, iSudjla i|yd m;a

jqfhah' ta ld, mßfpPoh wjikdfha§ Tyq ;j;a wjqreÿ 5 la

i|yd h,s;a f;dard m;a lr .kakd ,oafoah'

cudw;ajrekaf.ka fldgila ta m;aúug úreoaO;ajh m<

lsßu ksid ta wjq, ms%õ ljqkai,h olajd hk ;rug È¾>

jqfhah' wjidkfha§ ms%õ ljqkai,h úiska wíÿ,a wiSia

uy;df.a m;aúu iaÓr lrk ,§' uqqyuïoa udlka udl¾

tfmkaâ uy;d ;=¾ls fldkai,a jYfhka m;ajq wjia:dfõ §

Tyq fjkqfjka meõ;ajqKq rd;s% fNdack ix.%yfhys m%uqL

ia:dkhla .;af;a wíÿ,a wiSia uy;dh' 1911 § ck f,aLK

ix.%yhg Tyq fhdklhkaf.a Wm;a isß;a yd jeäúh meñKsu

hk uefhka ,smshla ,sõfõh' 1905 § jhjia:dodhl iNdfõ

wíÿ,a ryaudka uy;df.a ksfhdacH;ajh wjika jq úg wíÿ,a

wiSia uy;d t;ekg m;al, hq;=hehs uqia,sïjre rcfhka

b,a,d isáhy' tfy;a ta b,a,su jHd¾: flfrñka

m,uqjekakdf.a ld,h kej; ÈrA> lrk ,oafoah' 1906 §

wíÿ,a wiSia uy;d uqyïuÈl újdy wd{mk;g

ixfYdaOkhla bÈßm;a lf<ah' bia,dñl iaj¾K hq.fha

ldka;djkg fukau iuld,Sk uqia,sï ldka;djkgo

bia,dñl wKmK;a j,ska neyer fkdú idudðl wOHdmk yd

wOHd;añl lafIa;%fhys m%.;sh lrd hEug yelsjkq msKSi

m¾od pdß;%fha m%;sixialrKhla ms,sn| fhdackdo Tyq úiska

bÈßm;a lrk ,oafoah' wd.ñl {dkh jHdma; lsßu

w;skao we;súh hq;= m%;sixialrK j, wjYH;d Tyq

f.kyer ±lajqfhah' Y=oaO l=¾wdka" y§ia fu!,soa wdÈ .%ka:

wrdì NdIdfjka iÊhCvhkd lsßfuka mska w;a fõh hk

wd,sïjrekaf.a yqÿ m%ldYh muKla iEfykafka fkdfõ hhs

Tyq woyia lf<ah' we;af;kau wjYHjkafka wd.ñl .%ka:

wfkla NdYd j,g mßjrA:kh lsßu yd wkHkaf.a m%fhdakh

i|yd tajd meyeÈ,s lsßuhs' Tyq lshd isáfha nemaáiaÜ ;reK

ix.ï Yd,dfõ § bia,dï O¾uh .ek l;djla mjka jkakg

ta ix.uh úiska Tyqg wjia:d i,id fok ,oafoah' 1912 §

hdmkhg .sh wíÿ,a wiSia uy;d tys cqïwd i,d;hg miq

O¾u foaYkhla meje;ajqfhah'

cqïwd foaYkdj fou< NdIdj mßj¾;k lrk f,i hdmfka

uqia,sïjreka l;Síjrekg n, l,hq;=hhs wíÿ,a wiSia uy;d

;rfha lshd isáfhah' bkamiq wrdî niska muKla l=;and

mej;aúfï l%uh wfydais jqfhah' Wfoajjd§kaf.a ;¾lj,

idjø;dj iajlSh wiardre,a wd,ï .%ka:h u.ska ikd: l,

isoaÈ f,ífí uy;d úoHd{hka úiska Yla;sh jYfhka

yÿkajk ish¨ fya;=kaf.a wjika fya;=j uqia,sïjreka m%ldY

lrk nqoaêuh yd i¾j jHdms tfy;a wjfndaO{dkhg

f.dÿre fkdjk id;auh ;yjqre lsßug jEhï lf,ah' ;u

isoaOdka;h ksjerÈ hhs Tmamq l, fudfydf;a § isoaÈ f,ífí

uy;d wNdjm%dma; jqfhah' wíÿ,a wiSia uy;d Yla;ska

{dk¾;ï kï ish .%ka:fhka isoaÈ f,ífí uy;df.a woyi

wkqu; lrñka fï jdoh ;j;a bÈßhg f.k .sfhah' i¾

fihshsoa wñ¾ w,s - î' iS' t,a' ä' wíÿ,a wiSia uy;dg fufia

,shd heõfõh' 1898 foieïn¾ 13 jeks Èk orK Tnf.a ,smsh

,enqKs' tys iafmkai¾ kue;a;df.a woyi wkqj wkka;

iod;k yd il,úê ls%hdjg iïNjh jq fu!,sl n,h fyj;a

Yla;sh hkq uqia,sïjreka jk wm wNsO¾ud¾:fhka foúhhs'

l=reih yd ,io w;rjq .egqu iïnkaOfhka wíÿ,a wiSia

uy;d meje;ajq l;djla o .%ka:drEv ù ;sfí' whs' t,a' tï'

wíÿ,a wiSia uy;d 1915 iema;eïnrA ui 11 jeks Èk

ckaudka;r.; jqfhah' ßIdoa ta' wiSia Tyqf.a tlu mq;a

rejkhs' kdmsla nq¾ydka yd tï' u¾iqla nq¾ydka fofokd

wnqo,a wiSia uy;df.a uqKqnqfrdah'

,dxlsh uqia,sï f,dalfha ;j;a úoajf;la jk whs't,a'tï'

wíÿ,a wiSia uy;df.a ku fouõmshka úiska fhdckd

lrkafka tjlg whs't,a'tï' wíÿ,a wiSia uy;df.a

fiajdj lreKq fldgf.kh'

whs't,a'tï'wíÿ,a wiSia^wjika fldgi&

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werhquwerhquwerhqu msgq 04msgq 04msgq 04

bia,dufha u. fmkaùï wkqj Ôj;a jkafkl=f.a ish¨ ÿla

lror Tyqg iekiSu fok tajd njg m;a lr .ekSfï ud¾.h

fmkajd fohs' ish,a,u md,kh lr n,.;= iajdñfhla wmg

by<ska isákafkah hk ye.Su wmg úYd, iekiSula we;s

lrkq ksh;h' ñksidg ÿl yd ixfõ.h we;s jkafka ;ud /l

n,d .kakg flfkl= ke;h hk yqfol,d ye.Sula ;sfnk

úgh' l=vd orejka m%s;sfhka isákafka ;uka /l n,d.kakg

fouõmshka isák nj Tjqka fyd¢ka okakd ksidh' tjeks

úYajdihla tkï ;udj /l n,d .kakg ij_n,OdÍ

úYajdêm;sfhla isákafkah hk is;=ú,a, ks;r isf;a ;sfnk

úg Tyq lsis fohla .ek l,n, fkdfjhs' ish,a, isÿ jkafka

tu n,Odßhdf.a is;=ú,a, wkqjh hk lreK Tyqg isf;a lsis

fjkila fyda úm¾hdihla we;s fkdlrhs' bia,duh ish .uka

u. njg m;a lr .;a ;eke;a;dg lsisÿ udkisl mSvdjla we;s

jkafka ke;' Tyqg ìhla ÿlla miq;eú,a,la we;s úh

fkdyelsh' tfia f,dj hï .eyegla we;s jqjo th w,a,dya

fj;ska meñKs tlla hehso thska wjidkfhys ;ukag

isÿjkafka hym;lau hehso bjid ord .ekSu i|yd tf,dj

,efnk úYsIaG l=,sh .ek i,ld n,k úg fuf,dj lror

we;sùu;a wdYS¾jdohla nj;a Tyq fyd¢ka okshs' tfukau iEu

.eyeglskau miq fyd| ld,hla we; hehs Tyq fyd¢ka okshs'

ukao h;a fï ms<sn| w,a,dyaf.a iy;slh Y=oaO l=¾wdkfhau

;sfnk fyhsks' ldka;drhlska miq fCIau N+ñhlao id.rfha

wjidkfhys f.dvìulao we;s nj fkdryils' ñksid

m%d¾:kd lr le|jqjfyd;a Tyqf.a msysgg ;ud jydu tk nj

w,a,dya fmdfrdkaÿ fjhs(

udju ^m%d¾:kd lr& le|jkak' ud Tnf.a le|ùug m%;spdr

olajkafkñ' ljqreka ug hgy;a ùfukau ^bj;aj& wyxldr

fjñka isáfhdao Tjqka kskaÈ; jQjka f,iska ksrhg we;=,a jkq

we;'

ÿl ixfõ.h hkq ñksiqka iEu flfkl=gu we;s jk ye.Sïh'

we;eï ñksiqka ÿl yd lror ;uqkau f.kajd .ks;s' ;j;a

iuyrekag th wka wh ksid we;s fõ' ;j;a we;euqkag th

fldys isg fyda wkfmaCIs; f,iska lvd jefgkq we;' flfia

fyda fõjd ÿmam;a" fmdfydi;a" W.;a" kq.;a" .eñ" kd.ßl"

.eyeKq" msßñ" fyd|" krl" keKe;s" wkqjK muKla fkdj

f,dl= l=vd fjkila fkdue;sj ÿl yd fYdalh ñksidg we;s

ùu fmdÿ ,CIKhls' fláfhka lSfjda;a ñksid iu.u

WmÈkakls ÿl'

f,dj bmfok iEu flfklau urKh f;la Ôj;a úh hq;=h'

fuksid je<elaúh fkdyels f,iska we;s jk ÿla lror ke;s

lr iekiSu ,nkafka flfiao yd ÿla lror we;s fkdjk

wdldrfhka Ôú;h yev.id .kafka flfiao hk lreKq .ek

±k .ekSu b;d m%fhdackj;a úh yelsh' we;af;kau fuu

iekiSu yd i;=g we;af;a jeä wE;l fkdfõ' th we;af;a

wmf.a w; <.uh' th we;af;a wm ;=,uh hehs lSfjda;a th

jvd;a ksjreÈh'

we;eï wh isÿ jqkq foa .ek ks;r is;ñka wkjYH f,i ÿla

fj;s' fuh wkqjKluls' jqkq foa ù wjikah' fjkakg ;sfnk

foh .ek muKla is;sh hq;=h' ;j;a wh WoEik ke.sá

jydu iekaoEjg isÿjkakg ;sfnk fohla .ek ÿla fj;s' ug

whs;s jkafka fï fudfyd; muKs yd fmr Èk fyda miqÈk ug

whs;s ke; hehs is;Sug mqreÿ úh hq;=h' wo Èk hym;a lr

.kakg wjYH lghq;= muKla ie,iqï lr .; hq;=h' fyg

.ek fyg is;sh yelsh' fuh ;j;a f,ilska lshkjd kï tk

tk fnda,hg .yk yeá .ek muKla .ek l,amkd lsÍu

m%udKj;ah' ud Ôj;a jkafka wo oji fjkqfjka muKlah

hehs is;g mjikak' wo Èkh fjkqfjka Ôj; fjñka

w,a,dyaf.a wKg lSlre ù fyg Èk lghq;= ish,a, ie,iqï

lrkafka Tyqh hehs ;rfha úYajdi lrñka ffoksl miafõ,

i,d;h we;=¨ wmg w,a,dya kshu lr we;s ish¨ j.lSï bgq

l< hq;=h' fuf,iska Y=oaO l=¾wdkfha Wmfoia wkqj Ôj;a

fjñka mdmj,ska je<lS isáhfyd;a lsisÿ ÿlla fyda .eyegla

wm iam¾Y fkdlr wm iekiSfuka fuf,dj jdih lr urKska

miq ks;H f,dfjyso ch ,nkq we;'

w,a,dya ish wjidk uyd Y=oaO .%ka:fhys fufia mjihs(

fmdf<dfjys fyda Tn úIhfhys we;s jk lsisÿ Wjÿrla wm we;s

lrkakg fmr th mqia;lfha ^igyka ù& fkd;sî ^tfia we;s

jkafka& fkdue;' ksYaph jYfhkau w,a,dyag fuh b;d myiqh'


wíÿ,a ryaudka jlauq,a,.uf.awíÿ,a ryaudka jlauq,a,.uf.awíÿ,a ryaudka jlauq,a,.uf.awíÿ,a ryaudka jlauq,a,.uf.awíÿ,a ryaudka jlauq,a,.uf.awíÿ,a ryaudka jlauq,a,.uf.a

^uqyïuoa i,a ;=uks' ñksidg&

—mjikak' Tn w,a,dyq m%sh lrkafka kï"

ud wkq.ukh lrkak'''˜^w,a'l=¾'3(31&

w,a,dya yd wjidk Èkh wm úYajdi lr we;af;uq"

hhs ^jxl f,iska& mjikakkao ñksiqka w;r fj;s'

Tjqka ^we;af;kau& úYajdi l<jqka fkdufj;s' ^w,a'l=¾'2(8&

w,a l=¾wdkfha joka lsysmhla


m%d¾:kdj uqia,sïjrekaf.am%d¾:kdj uqia,sïjrekaf.a

wdhqOhfõ. wdhqOhfõ.

m%d¾:kdj uqia,sïjrekaf.a

wdhqOhfõ.

rEmjdysksh

lrkak' ^20-114& wOHdmkh keue;s hqOmsáfha ch.%yKh ,eîug we;s tla wdhqOhla jkafka Y=oaO is;ska lrk m%d¾:kdjhs. m%d¾:kd lsÍu .ek YoaO jQ w,al=¾wdkfha fufia ioyka lrhs. “ ud fj;u Tn,d m%d¾:kd lrkak' ud Tnf.a m%d¾:kdjkag ms<s;=re ,nd fokafkñ.” tfia kï tÈfkod Ôú;fha oS wm fj; ,Õd fjk lror ÿla lñlfgd¿ yd meiiqï ish¿ foa .eku wm w,a,dyag m%d¾:kd l< hq;=h. Y=oaO jQ w,al=¾wdkfha ;j ÿrg;a fufia i|yka fõ. “ kì;=uks udf.a odihka ud .ek Tfnka wikafka kï ksYapfhkau iómfhkau ud isákafkñ. ud fj; m%d¾:kd lf<ao m%d¾:kd lrkakdf.a m%d¾:kdjg ms<s;=re ,ndfoñ.” ^2-186& hkqfjka mjikak. fuhska l=ula woyia fjhso@ uqia,sï jreka jk wmf.a ish¿ p¾hdjka yd is;=ï me;=ï ksßlaIKh lrkakd i¾j n,Odß w,a,dya muKhs. tfiakï ish¿ foa ch.%yKh lrd f.k hkafkao Tyqf.a leue;a; mßÈh. tu ksid ieu úgu hd w,a,dya hkqfjka w,a,dya fj; m%d¾:kd lsÍu ch ,eîug wdhqOhla fõ. bia,dóh Õ%ka:hla jk ;s¾ñÈ Õ%ka:fhays fufia i|yka fjhs. m%d¾:kd lsÍu th weoySuls. tkï kì uqyïuoa ^i,a& ;=uka m%d¾:kdj weoySula f,i yd weoySula ch ,eîug udj; f,i fmkajd § we;.

wiSñ; ohdjka;hd jq;a wmsßñ; wdorjka;hd jq;a i¾j n,Odß w,a,dyaf.a kdufhka wdrïN lrñ. ,d b,dy b,a,,a,dya uqyïuÿ ri¨,a,dya( keu§ug iqÿiaid w,a,dya yer fjk lsisfjl= fkdue;. fudfyduâ kì i,a,,a,dya wf,ysjia,dï ;=uka Tyqf.a riq,a jrhd jkafkah. hkqfjka ljfrl= uq¿ yoj;skau m%ldY lrkafkao Tyq uqia,sful= jkafkah¡ uqia,sï jrekaf.a ish¨ m%d¾:kd w,a,dya fjkqfjkauhs. fuh bia,dóh ckhdf.a wdhqOhhs. ieuúgu w,a,dya fj; m%d¾d¾:kd lsÍfuka thg l=,sh wmg ,efnhs. Y=oaO jQ w,al=¾wdkh fufia ioyka lrhs. “Tnf.a ÿjd hkq Tnf.a Budkhhs.” ^25-77& tfiakï wm wmf.a iEu lghq;a;la ioyd w,a,dya fj; m%d¾:kd l< hq;=hs. wOHdmkh ,nk wfhl=g ;u ch.%yKh ieuúgu wfmalaId lrhs. wOHdmkh fjkqfjka i¾j n,Odß w,a,dya fj; m%d¾:kd l< yel. ta ;=,ska wfmlaId lrk ch ìu lrd ,Õd úh yel. Y=oaO jQ w,al=¾wdkfha fufia ioyka lrhs. foúhfka ud yg oekqu {dkh jeä lr fokq uek. hkqfjka Tn m%d¾:kd

rEmjdysksh rEmjdysksh wmf.a Ôú;fha úfYaI N+ñldjla rÕolajhs. tneúka wka;¾cd,h fukau wmf.a Ôú;fha w;HjYh wx.hla ù we;. ukaohka wms fïjdg w;HjYh foag;a jvd jeo.;a ;ekela oS we;s neúks. wka;¾cd,h iyd rEmjdysksh u.ska wmf.a Ôú;j,g t,a, lr we;s Nhdklu we;a;jYfhkau ljodj;au wms is;d ke;af;uq. ulaksidoh;a wms wmf.a Ôú; fïjdg hg;a lr oS we;s neúks. wo wmf.a ldka;djkaf.ka nyq;rhlf.a ffoksl ld¾hka w;r rEmjdysksh m%Odk wx.hls. wys rEm olajk fg,skdgH ;u Ôú;fha fldgilaaaa njg m;a lrf.k we;s fudjqka ;u tÈfkod jevlghq;= mjd w;miq lr .ekSug fkdmiqng fj;s. ;u orejkaf.a ieñhdf.a jevlghq;=j,g jvd rEmjdysksh ysia uqÿka lr.;a ldka;djkao wm w;r fj;s. tmuKla fkdj fuu rEmjdysksh iy wka;¾cd,h wm orejkajo /f.k hkafka úkdYhlguh. rEmjdysksfha o¾Ykh lrkq ,nk we;eï úfYaIdx. wm orejkag fokq ,nkafka b;d my;a wdo¾Yhkah. tmuKla fkdj we;eï ldgqka jevigyka wm orejkaf.a uki úlD;s lrñka mj;s. fï fya;=fjka udkisl ffjoHjre fj; orejka bÈßm;a jQ wjia:djkao tugh. rEmjdysksh iy wka;¾cd,h wm orejkaf.a wOHdmk lghq;=j,g hï whqrlska Woõ jk w;r ;j;a w;lska th ndOdjla njg m;a ù we;. ta we;euqka fïjdg weíneys ù we;s neúks. wms oeka uola k;r ù wmf.a Ôú;j,skau we;a;gu wmg wjYH l=ulaoehs weish hq;af;uq. urKfha miq fyd| Ôú;hlao@ ke;akï fuf,dj iem Ôú;hlao@ fláld,Sk iem iïm;ao@ oS¾> ld,Sk iem iïm;ao@ bia,dï O¾uh wkQj iunr Ôú; rgdjlao@ hkakg wms ms<s;=re fiúh hq;= ld,h oeka t,U we;. wmf.a Ôú; j, oelau l=ula oehs wms wmf.kau weish hq;af;uq. wms wmj i;=gq lr .kakjdo@ ke;fy;a w,a,dyaj i;=gq lrkjdo@ ;jo w,a,dya wmg fufia mjid we;. “ ud úiska mskajre iy ñksiqka ish,q foa ueõfjñ. tneúka kqU,d ud yg muKla jkaokd l< hq;=hs.” kuq;a wo i,d;h mud lrñka w,a,dyag jkaokd lsÍu mud lrñka rEmjdysksfha t,anf.k isák msßia tugh. ;u fm!oa.,sl jdis ;ld wka;¾cd,fha t,anf.k isák msßia tugh. hlaIhd fï wm /f.k hkafka fldhsngo@ wmj fuf,djg ujd jod< w,a,dya ish,a,gu jvd mz:uhdh. ukao ish,q foa ujd jodf,a w,a,dya h. ish,q foa yiqr jkafka t;=udh. tneúka uqia,sïjre jk wmf.a hq;=lu jkafka w,a,dya f.a oyu ms<sme|Suh. thg tfrysjk ndOd jk ish,a, msgqoelsh hq;=h.

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Wïuq ñlaodï.fKaj,afmd<

lelsrdj


ta wkqj ;d¾lsl h:d¾;h u; msysgd fuu woyi mßYS,kh

lsÍfïÈ fï úYajh ;=, we;s ish¿ iajNdúl úêu;a Ndjh

i|yd bjy,a jkafka úYaj n,hh flakaøhh' tjka n,fhka

ñÈ iajNdO¾uhg ;u lghq;= iajNdúllrKh l< fkdyels

nj fN!;sl úoHdj kHdhd;aul ixl,amhla f,dalh yuqjg

;nk w;r;=r kùk úoHd;aul ixl,amfha mriamr úfrdaê

kHdh;aul ixl,am 3la bÈßm;a lsÍugo W;aidy orhs' tkï

1& úYajh we;s jqfha uyd msmqrefï m%;sM,hla jYfhks

2& úYajh ;=, ish¿ n, wNsnjd hk iqmsß n,hla l%shd;aul fõ'

3& iajNdO¾uhdf.a ks¾udKh ;=, lsisÿ

ndysr n,mEula ke;. ys;j;a mdGlhsks wo kùk f,dalh

;=, úpdr nqoaêh wkqlrKhg ,la lr úpdr nqoaêhla hhs

lshd .kakd wkqlrKjdÈ ixl,amhla ìysú we;.

f,dalfha úYaj oekqu .ek l:d lrk we;euqka wd.ñl

ixl,amhka foi n,kafka th Ñpdr nqoaêhg f.dapr fkdjk

wkqlrKjdÈ woyi u; msysgdh. tu ksid ;j;a iuyreka

;u wd.ñl u;jdo bÈßm;a lrkafka o¾YkjdÈ kHdh u;

msysgdh ud fuu ,smsh u.ska Tng werhqï lrkafka wkqlrK

jdÈ u;jdohla fkdj ud jerÈ kï ksjerÈ lsÍug Tng

whs;shla we;'

ta ksid ud bÈßhg W;aidy lrkafka f,dalh ms<s.;a foaj

jdoh iy fN!;sl úoHd;aul ms<s.;a fuu úYaj n,h fyda

úYaj Yla;sh ms<sn|j ixikaokh lsÍugh ud lsisÿ úgl fï

,smsh u.ska tal md¾Yúl woyila bÈßm;a lsÍug W;aidy

orkafka ke;'

kuq;a f,dalfha merKSu ixl,mhla jk foaj úYajdih

fyj;a foaj;aj ixl,amh kQ;k fN!;sl úoHdjg wkqj l=uk

O¾uhla fyda o¾Ykhla ;=,ska bÈßm;a lrkafkao hkak;a

l=uk lreK fN!;sl úoHd;aul lreKq j,g wdikak

jYfhka iudk fõo hkak úu¾Ykh lsÍugh.

,sùu f,aLk l,dfõ ksr; udf.a hq;=luls .fõIkd;aul

Ñpdr nqoaêfhka ms<s.ekSu fyda úfõpkh lsÍu Tn i;=

Wreuhls Tnf.a Wreuhg ljq ¿ újr lr fujr l,dmfhka

ud iuq.kakï'

ixjdohg újD;hs - u;= iïnkaOhs

ys;j;a mdGlhsks udf.a uq,a ,smsh u.ska Tn;a iu. tl;= ù

fï úYajfha ;sfnk Yla;sh ms<sn|j uo jYfhka wOHhkh

l<d u;lo@ fuu ,smsh u.ska ud Tn;a iu. ta úYaj Yla;sh

ms<sn|j ;jÿrg;a úu¾Ykh lsÍug woyia lrñ'

Tn okakjdo@ fN!;sl úoHd;aulj Yla;sh ms<sn| ir,

ks¾jpkh jkafka Yla;sh hkq ld¾hh lsÍfï yelshdj

hkakh. n,h w¾: olajkafka we§u fyda ;,a¨ lsßu

f,ih. tkï wmg mek k.sk tla .eg¿jla we;'

f,dalfha uq,skau l%shd;aul jqfha Yla;sho@ n,ho@ hkakh

n,hla fhdok ;eklÈ l%shd;aul jkafka Yla;shhs. ksõgka

bÈßm;a l< p,s;h ms<sn| u;hka j,È m%:ufhka ls%hd;aul

ù we;af;a n,hhs' fmdf<dj u;ska we;sjk .=re;ajdl¾Yk

n,h wem,a f.äfha p,s;hg fya;=jla jk nj ksõgka

bÈßm;a lsßug W;aidy ord we;' n,h l%shd;aul ùfïÈ

Yla;sho l%shd;aul úh hq;=h" fya;=j we§u fyda ;,a¨ lsÍu

hkq hï l%shdjls, ta l%shdj isÿ lsÍug kï Yla;shla wjYH

fõ' ta wkqj úoHdj ld¾hhla jYfhka y÷kajkq ,nkafka fhÿ

n,h iy tu n,h fh§u ksid jia;=j p,s; jq ÿr w;r

.=Ks;hghs' ld¾hh ms<sn| tjka w¾: oelaùula isÿ lrk

úoHdj ;j;a wjia:djlÈ Yla;sh hkq ld¾hh lsÍfï

yelshdj jYfhka w¾: olajhs' fuysÈ fuu woyia folu

ixl,kh l< úg fmkS hk lreKla kï Yla;shg yqol,d

ld¾hh lsÍfï yelshdjla ;sfnk njh' túg n,h fh§fï

wjYH;djhla biau;= jkafka ke;' kuq;a n,h fh§fïÈ ta

;=, l%shd;aul jkafka o Yla;shhs' wms fuu ixl,amh u;

msysgd úoHdj lshk úYaj Yla;sh fyda úYaj n,h .ek

wOHhkh lsÍug W;aidy oruq wo kùk úoHd;aul fidhd

.ekSï wkqj mod¾:h ;=, Yla;shla /f|kjd fukau"

wjldYh ;=<o Yla;shla we;s nj ms<s.ks úYajh mqrd

mj;skafka úYd, wjldYhls úYajh ;=, mj;sk wjldYfha

iSudj wo jk;=re fidhd f.k ke;. thg úoHdj fok

jpkhla kï iSud rys; iSudj jYfhka y÷kajk wkka;h

fõ' wkka;h hkq iSud udhsï ke;s mrdihls, tjka mrdih

;=, Yla;sh mj;S, ta Yla;sh l%shd;aul iSudj ;=, n,hkao

mj;S, ta n,h úYaj n,hla úh hq;=h. kuq;a kùk úoHdj

úiska f,dalh ;=, mj;sk m%Odk úYaj n, y;rla bÈßm;a

lrhs. tajd kï"

1& iaÓ;s úoHq;a pqïnl n,

2& .=re;ajdl¾IK n,

3& m%n, pqïnl n,

4& ÿn, pqïnl n, hkqfjka kQ;k fN!;sl úoHdj

fN!;slj y|qkd .; yels n, y;rla .ek meyeÈ,sj

i|yka lrhs. kuq;a fujka jq fN!;sluh n, y;r wNsnjd

hk úYaj n,h ;=,ska fï m%Odk n, y;r ;=,kh lrk nj

kùk fN!;sl úoHd{hka woyia olajhs'

tA Yla;sh l=ulao @fojk fldgi

foaj O¾udpd¾hs'ta' ví,sõ wíÿ,a wiSia

( Sc.,Sp.,Tr., B.A, M.A (R), S.L.T.S-1, Dip in Mark & I.R )

g¾kska fmdhskaÜ


ÿkafkah' ta w;ru ueú,af,a ixl,amh .ek meyeÈ,s f,i Tyq úia;r lr ÿkafkah' fuh .ek fufkys lrk ta' wd¾' ryaudka fufia ;u Èúh fjkia l< tu w;S; is¥ùï .ek lshhs(

'lreKdjka; tu uqia,sï jeäysáhd wm Èßu;a lf<ah' w,a,dya lsis flfkl=f.a ÿl .ek wkjOdkfhka fkdisákafka hehs Tyq wmf.a is;a ;=, n,dfmdfrd;a;=j we;s lf<ah' tfia jqjo" bia,duh je<| .kakd fuka Tyq wmg weúá,s lf<a ke;' Tyqj yuq jqkq miq uf.a isf;a úia;r l< fkdyels iekiSula" ffOraHhla yd ;ekam;a njla we;s jkakg úh' Tyq iu. l:d lrñka isák úg fuf,dj ñksia Ôú;h ms<sn| ug fuf;la l,a is;g lror we;s lrñka isá fndfyda m%Yakj,g ms<s;=re ,efnkakg úh' uf.a ujf.a ;;ajho fuhu úh' bia,dï O¾uh f;dard .ekSu hkq b;du ir,u yd iajdNdúlu ;SrKh hehs ug jegyqks' yDo idCIshg mQ¾K f,iska tlÕj mjqf,a wm ieu uqia,sï jQfhñ' ta wkqj uf.a ku w,a,dya rlald ryaudk a ^w,a,dya /l .;a ryaudka& hehs fjkia lr .;af;ñ' ta' wd¾' ryaudka bia,dï O¾uh lrd we§ wdfõ ÿ.S nfõ lgql nj ú¢ïka isák úgh' fmdfydi;a nfõ iqfLdmfNda.h w;a ú¢ñka isákakkago bia,duh wdl¾YkSh ù we;s njg idOl f,dj tug we;' idukHfhka wd.ï udrejla isÿ jkafka flfkl= ÿfla fyda oßø nfõ isák úg kuq;a bia,duh lrd ñksiqka weoS tkafka tys we;s ;d¾lsl iqkaor;ajh ksidh' ÿflys fukau iefmys isákakkago tlfia iekiSu ,nd foñka i;Hh lrd .uka lr úh yelafla bia,dï O¾uhg muKS'

ol=Kq bkaÈhdfõ ix.S; f,dfõ lsre< me<¢ b,hrdcd .ek Tn wid ;sfnkjdg iel ke;' b,hrdcd wdrïN ld,fha ùÈj, mjd iskaÿ lshñka ÿla ú¢ flfkl= jQ kuq;a miqj 70 j oYlfha oñ< iskud f,dfõ m%isoaêfha ysksfm;a;gu ke. Tyq uy;a Okl=fõrfhl= úh' Tyqf.a mq;a hqjka Yxl¾ rdcd we;s ±ä jQfha Okj;a nfõ f;dá,af,ah hehs lSfjd;a th ksjrÈh' tfukau hqjkao wo fldaá .Kksk uqo,a Wmhk m<uq fmf<a ix.S;{fhls' iqfLdmfNda.S l=vd úhla yd ;reK úhla ysñ tu Okj;a hqjka Yxl¾ rdcd miq.sh Èfkl bia,dï O¾uh je<| .;a nj Tn okakjdo@

fuhska meyeÈ,s jkafka bia,duh hkq wka wd.ï fuka ÿmam;anj ksidu we§ tk ,e.=ïm<la fkdj i;Hh jgyd .kakka f;dard .kakd keKj;au Ôjk u. hk lreKhs'

f,da m%lg mqoa.,hka .Kkdjlau bia,dï O¾uh je<| .;a nj wm okafkuq' ls;=kq wd.u fuka bia,dï O¾uh 'fj<| m%pdr' lrkafka ke;s kuq;a idfmaCIj .;a l, bia,dï O¾uhg nef|kakkaf.a ixLHdj b;d jeä nj meyeÈ,sh' fuhg fya;=j bia,dï O¾uh i;Hh u; f.dv ke.S ;sîu;a tys foiqï m%dfhda.sl ùu iy ks¾foaY ;¾ldkql+, ùu;ah' tfukau wï, mÍCIKj,g jeäfhkau ,la jk O¾uho bia,duhhs' tu mÍCIKj,ska fy<s jk m%;sM,j, úYauhckl nj ksido W.;=ka yd úoHd{hka bia,duh ms<s.ksñka isá;s'

jir 1400 lg fmr mjik ,o lshqï tf;la fuf;la isÿ lrk ,o m¾fhaIK" m%ydr yd wNsfhda. ish,a, yuqfõ fkdie,S yd ksjerÈj tfukau wmrdð;j isàu hkq f,fyis myiq fohla fkdfõ' bia,duh yer wka lsis wd.ulg fuu idvïnrh ke; hehs b÷rd lshkakg mq¿jk' fuu ±jeka; mrdch yuqfõ bia,dufha i;=rka wjidkhg f;dard we;af;a bia,dóh ks¾foaYj,g jerÈ w¾: l;k §uhs' *¾odj" ðydoa" nyq újdyh" y,d,a jeks úIhhka fï i|yd Tjqka f;dard f.k we;s ieáo tkuq;a ta wka;fhkao bia,dufha i;=rkag ysñ fjñka ;sfnkafka kskaod iy.; mrdch hehso" msú;=re bia,dï O¾uh fuu m%ydr ish,a, mrojd wNsudkfhka f,dj jecfUñka ;sfnk njo jika l< fkdye;s i;Hhls'

fï ish¨ wi;H m%pdr ueo f,da m%lg mqoa.,hka fkdlvjd bia,duh je<| .ksñka isák w;r fuu ,smsfhka wm n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkafka tfia bia,duh je<| .;a" c.;a m%isoaêhg m;aj isák ;j;a mqoa.,fhl= .ek f;dr;=re bÈßm;a lsÍugh' ta wka lsisfjla fkdj foaY iSud" cd;s" NdId" .eyeKq" msßñ lsisÿ fjkila fkdue;sj f,dj fndfyda fofkl=g ix.S;diajdoh f.k foñka isá Ndr;fha Wmka hq.fha iïudkkSh ix.S; úYdro ta' wd¾' ryaudkah'

ta' wd¾' ryaudka Wm;skau uqia,sï fkdfõ' yskaÿ fouõmshkag Wmka fudyqg È,Sma l=ud¾ hehs ku ;nk ,§' fial¾ kï jQ Tyqf.a mshd wNdjhg hk úg ta' wd¾' ryaudkaf.a jhi hdka;ï 9 la muKS' ta wkqj uj iy l=vd ke.Kshka ;sfokd kv;a;= lsÍfï nr fuu l=vd msßñ orejd u; megjqks' fõ, imhk .Dy uQ,slfhl= isák úgu ÿ.S mjq,aj, ;;ajh ÿlaÅ; nj wm oksuq' tfia kï mjqf,a m%Odksfhla ke;s úg tjka mjq,l ;;ajh .ek úfYaIfhka lshkakg wjYH ke;' fï wkqj fuu wirK mjqf,a ;;ajho b;d ÿlauqiq úh' mshd ke;s mjq,l kv;a;=jg jhi kjhl <ufhl=g lrkakg mq¿jka foa b;d w,am jqj;a È,sma l=ud¾ kslï isáfha ke;' WofHda.Su;a .egfhl= jQ Tyq tu jhfiysu úúO /lshdj, ksr; jkakg úh' tfia jqjo" ÿmam;a lfï lgql nj iïmQ¾Kfhkau tu mjqf,ka ;=rka lrkakg Tyqg yels jQfha ke;'

È,Sma l=ud¾ yd Tyqf.a jekaoUq ujg uqia,sïjrfhl=j yuq jQfha fujka ;;ajhlh' oßø nfõ ieyeis .%yKhg yiqj isá fuu wirK uj yd mq;d is;d isáfha foúhkaf.a wjOdkhj;a ;uka fj; fkdue;s lshdh' fuu ukafoda;aidyS udkisl;ajh ;=rka lrñka ij_n,OdÍ úYaajfha wêm;s jk w,a,dya iEu flfkl= foiu wjOdkfhka bkafka hehso" iEu flfkl=f.a wjYH;d bgq lsÍu w,a,dyaf.a j.lASula hehso" je¥ ujlg jvd ish .=Khla ish .e;a;kag w,a,dya lreKdjka; njo tu uqia,sïjrhd meyeÈ,s lf<ah' tfia jqjo" bia,dï O¾uh je<| .kakg Tyq n, lf<a ke;' f,dj w,a,dyaf.a wdorh yd wjOdkh i|yd uqia,sï ùu wksjd¾H hehs Tyq lsis úfgl lSfõ ke;' mru odhnr w,a,dya fuf,dj isák iEu Ôúfhl=f.au rCIlhd hehs muKla Tyq fmkajd bíkq r*Slabíkq r*Slabíkq r*Slabíkq r*Slabíkq r*Slabíkq r*Sla

È,Sma l=ud¾ fyj;a ta wd¾ ryaudka

ldka;d msgqj


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hk lreK Tjqka fyd¢ka okakd fyhska Y=oaO l=¾wdkh uqyïuoaf.a lD;shla jkakg neß nj Tjqkag fyd|gu fmkqKs' tfia jqjo Y=oaO l=¾wdkh uqyïuoa úiska iïmdokh lrk ,oaols hk wid¾:l ;¾lho Tjqkaf.ka we;euqka bÈßm;a lrkakg miqng jQfha ke;' tfia jqjo" fuu wdYap¾Hu;a lD;sh Tjqkag úYauh f.k fokaklau úh' fuh uqyïuoa lf<a ke;h hehs Tjqkaf.a háys;a Tjqkag lshkakgu úh' ld,hdf.a wejEfuka fuu ksire ;¾l ish,a, mrdchg m;a ù uq¿ wrdìlrh muKla fkdj ta wjg rdcHhkao bia,dï O¾uh je<| .;af;ah' tfia jqjo" Y=oaO l=¾wdkh i|yka hï lreKla fndre lrk jEhu tod fukau wo;a f,dj fkdlvjd mj;shs' kuq;a ta ish,a, wid¾:l fjñkau mj;skqo ±lsh yelsh' tod Tgqjkaf.a hq.fha lrkakg fkdyels jQ ta ldßh fuu kùk mß>Kl yd f;dr;=re ;dCIKh uq,a lr.;a wka;¾cd, hq.fh;a tfiau lrkakg neß ldßhlaju ;sîu Y=oaO l=¾wdkh weoaù;Sh i;Hlah hkakg lÈu idOlhls' Y=oaO l=¾wdkh wi;H lrkakg jEhï l< wh fukau Y=oaO l=¾wdkfha i;Hdi;H;djh .ek wjxl yÈka fiú,af,a ksr; jqkq úh;=ka fndfyda fofkl= miqj bia,duh ms<s.;ay' ke;akï bia,dufha iqúfYaIS njg iy;sl bÈßm;a l<y' Y=oaO l=¾wdkh we;s úoHdkql+, i;H ish,a, fuys tljr úia;r lsÍug wm n,dfmdfrd;a;= fkdfjuq' ksoiqkla we;eula muKla fuys meyeÈ,s lr we;' Y=oaO l=¾wdkhfha y§oa ^hlvh& kï 57 jeks mßÉfPofha jels wxl 25 ys fufia i|yka fjhs( ;jo hlvho wm my< lf<uq' th b;d ±äh yd tys ñksiqkag fndfyda m%fhdacko we;neÆ ne,aug fuh kqjKg f.dapr fkdjk m%ldYhls' hlv nr f,dayhla fyhska th my< lrk úg th f,djg lvd jefgkq we;' tfukau hlv ;ekam;aj we;af;a fmdf<dfõ hehs uE;l olajd úoHd{hka úYajdi l<y' tkuq;a miqj lrk ,o m¾fhaIKj,ska hlv f,dayh ¥ú,s f,iska wNHdjldYfha isg mD;=úhg m;s; jk njo miqj th mi yd ñY%ù N+.; jk njo thska miq m;,a leKSu u.ska ñksid hlv ,nd .kakd njo ÿgq úoHd{hka ;+IaKsïN+; jQy' ldkaoï lene,a,la je,af,a fmr,d .;a úg tys hlv ¥ú,s ;ekam;aj ;sfnkq ±lsh yelsh' Y=oaO l=¾wdkhfha 77 fjks mßÉfPofha 20-22 jels wxl fufia mjihs(b;d my;a Èhr ìÿjlska wm Tnj ks¾udKh fkdlf<uqo@ miqj th wdrCIdldÍ ;efkl ^.¾NdIfha& ksYaÑ; ld,hla i|yd ;ekam;a lf<uq fufia úúO lreKq fy,s lrk Y=oaO l=¾wdkh th fï ;rï ksjerÈ jkakg fya;=j fufia meyeÈ,s lrhs ^mßÉfPoh 4 jels wxlh 82& fuu l=¾wdkh Tjqka ksÍCIKh fkdlrkafkdao@ fuh w,a,dya fkdjkafkl= fj;ska kï ^meñKsfha&" tys wfkal mgyeks;d Tjqka olskq we;

fudfydâ wÊud,a r*Slafudfydâ wÊud,a r*Slafudfydâ wÊud,a r*Sla

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Y=oaO l=¾wdkh hkq úoHd;au m¾fhaIK yd iïnkaO .%ka:hla fkdfõ' th fuf,dj tf,dj ch ud¾.h lshd fok wjidk uyd ÈjHuh fy,sorõjhs' úoHd;aul m¾fhaIK lrkq ,nkafka fkdokakd foa .ek ±k .ekSugh' kuq;a Y=oaO l=¾wdkh tjekakla fkdfõ' ;jo ;ukaf.a m¾fhaIKj,ska ksielju ikd; jk f;la úoHd{hska hï lreKla ms<s.kafka ke;' úoHd;aul >fõIKj, m%Odk;u uQ,O¾uh thhss' Y=oaO l=¾wdkh úoHd{hkaf.a ±kqu wNsnjd .sh ueú,slref.a wkdjrKhls' Y=oaO l=¾wdkfha i|yka i;Hhka ñksidg jegfykafka u¢ka u|h' l,lg fmr úoHd{hka ms<s fkd.;a l=¾wdkfha we;eï lreKq úoHdj jvd;a ÈhqKq jkakg jQ úg Tjqkag jegyS we;' tfiau úoHd{hkag fkdf;afrk yd tksidu Tjqka ms<s fkd.kakd foa fndfyda foa ;ju;a Y=oaO l=¾wdkhfha we;' fïjdfhys i;H;djh h;d ld,fhys ieugu jegfykq we;' uqia,sïjreka Y=oaO l=¾wdkh ms<s.kafka ÈjHuh wkdjrKhla f,isks' tys we;s ks¾foaYj, fyda lreKqj, m%;sM, .ek fidhkakg Tjqka fjfyfikafka ke;' tys we;s wK uqia,sïjreka tf,iskau ms<s mÈ;s' tfia jqjo" uqia,sï fkdjkakka m%uQL ngysr rgj, úoHd{hka th .eUqre f,iska ksÍCIK lr;s' Tjqkaf.ka jeä fofkl=f.a b,lalh flfia fyda Y=oaO l=¾wdkh we;s tla lreKla muKla j;a jerÈ hehs f,djg Tmamq lsÍuh' tfia ksÍCIKH lrk Tjqkag ;ukag fï kùk hq.fha mjd fidhd .kakg neß we;eï úoHd;aul i;Hhka jir 1400 lg fmr Tgqjkaf.a hq.fha my< jQ fuu fmdf;ys ;sfnkq ±l Tjqka úYaaufhka uqim;a fj;s'

kuq;a fuys mqÿu jkakg fohla ke;' hï fohla m%drïNfhys ks¾udKh l< ueú,slrefjl= th ksueù we;s ieá .ek úialr lsÍu úYauhg lreKlao@ lsisfia;a ke;'f,dj wka fndfyda wd.ï tu wd.ï .ek m%Yak weiSu iy wd.ñl ks¾foaYhla .ek fidhd ne,Su kqreiaikakd fia" bia,dï O¾uh m%Yak weiSu" fidhd ne,Su wdÈhg ;yxÑ mkjkafka ke;' th fjkqjg Y=oaO l=¾wdkh mqrd Tn is;d fkdn,kafkao Tn úuid ne,sh hq;=hs fkdfõo keKj;=kag fuys idOlhla we; fuu l=¾wdkh Tjqka ksÍCIKh fkdlrkafkdao@wyi foi n,kakfmdf<dj foi n,kakTn .eku is;d n,kakyelskï fujeks tla jelshka f.k tkak l,amkd lrk iuQyhdg fufia wm WodyrK mjikafkuq jeks jels ;sfnkq ±lsh yelsh' ;uka lshk fohla meyeÈ,s i;HHla fkdfjhs kï th lshk ;eke;a;d fufia kej; kej; is;d n,kakg wdrdOkd lrkafka ke;' wNsfhda. lrkafka ke;' uqyïuoa ;=uka ulaldfjys bmÿkq ld,jljdkqfjys tu m%foaYfha isá ñksiqka b;d wYS,dpdr yd l=ßre ñksiqka jqjo wrdì NdIdj b;d fyd¢ka yeisrúh yels ±kqu ;snqkq mqoa.,hka tl, nyq,j isáhy' lúj,skau ;¾; ú;¾l lsÍu Tjqkag b;d myiq ldßhla úh' Tjqka w;r isá bia,duh ms<s fkd.;a;jqka mjd Y=oaO l=¾wdkhfha jd.a pd;=¾Hh yd wiuiu NdId ffY,sh .ek ;u úYauh wjxlj m< l<y' fujeks tla jelshla fyda ;ukag ,shkakg fkdyels hehs Tjqka ksy;udkSj ms<s .;ay' Tjqka w;ru yeÿkq jevqkq uqyïuoa wl=re bf.k .;af;a ke;'

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