Yamato Period: 300-710Yamato Period: 300Yamato Period: 300--710710

“Great Kings” era“Great Kings” era

Began promoting the adoption of Chinese culture:

Confucianism. Language (kanji characters). Buddhist sects. Chinese art & architecture. Government structure.

Began promoting the adoption of Began promoting the adoption of Chinese culture:Chinese culture:

Confucianism.Confucianism. Language (Language (kanjikanji characters).characters). Buddhist sects.Buddhist sects. Chinese art & architecture.Chinese art & architecture. Government structure.Government structure.

Prince Shotoku: 573-621PrincePrince ShotokuShotoku:: 573573--621621

Adopted Chineseculture and Confucianism.

Buddhist sectsallowed to develop.

Created a new governmentstructure:

17 Article Constitutionin 604.

Heian Period: 794-1156HeianHeian Period: 794Period: 794--11561156Characteristics: Growth of large landed estates. Arts & literature of China

flourished. Elaborate court life [highly refined] ETIQUETTE.

Personal diaries The Pillow Book by Sei Shonagon [10c]

Great novel The Tale of Genji by Lady Murasaki

Shikibu [1000 pgs.+] Moving away from Chinese models in

religion, the arts, and government.

CharacteristicsCharacteristics:: Growth of large landed estates.Growth of large landed estates. Arts & literature of China Arts & literature of China

flourished.flourished. Elaborate court life [highly refined] Elaborate court life [highly refined] ETIQUETTE. ETIQUETTE.

Personal diaries Personal diaries The Pillow BookThe Pillow Book by by SeiSei ShonagonShonagon [10c][10c]

Great novelGreat novel The Tale of The Tale of GenjiGenji by by Lady Lady MurasakiMurasaki

ShikibuShikibu [1000 pgs.+] [1000 pgs.+] Moving away from Chinese models inMoving away from Chinese models in

religion, the arts, and government. religion, the arts, and government.

The Pillow Bookby Sei Shonagon (diary)

The Pillow BookThe Pillow Bookbyby SeiSei ShonagonShonagon (diary)(diary)

Tale of Genji (first novel)Tale ofTale of GenjiGenji ((first novel)first novel)

Lady Murasaki ShikibuLadyLady MurasakiMurasaki ShikibuShikibu

She contributed much to the Japanese script known as kana, while men wrote with Chinese characters, kanji.

She contributed much to the Japanese script known as kana, while men wrote with Chinese characters, kanji.

Heian Period:Cultural Borrowing

HeianHeian Period:Period:Cultural BorrowingCultural Borrowing

1.Chinese writing.

2.Chinese artistic styles.

3.Buddhism [in the form of ZEN].

4.BUT, not the Chinese civil service system!

1.1.Chinese writing.Chinese writing.

2.2.Chinese artistic styles.Chinese artistic styles.

3.3.Buddhism [in the form of Buddhism [in the form of ZEN].ZEN].

4.4.BUT, not the Chinese civil BUT, not the Chinese civil service system! service system!

Zen BuddhismZen Buddhism

A Japanese variation of theMahayana formof Buddhism,which came fromIndia throughChina.

It reinforced theBushido values ofmental and self-discipline.

Heian Court DressHeianHeian Court DressCourt Dress

Minamoto YoritomoMinamotoMinamoto YoritomoYoritomo

Founded the Kamakura Shogunate: 1185-1333

Founded the Kamakura Shogunate: 1185-1333

FeudalSocietyFeudalFeudalSocietySociety

The emperor The emperor reigned, but did reigned, but did not always rule!not always rule!

FeudalismFeudalismFeudalismA political, economic, and social system based on loyalty, the holding of land, and military service.

Japan:

A political, economic, and social system based on loyalty, the holding of land, and military service.

Japan:Japan:

Shogun

Daimyo Daimyo

Samurai Samurai Samurai

Peasant PeasantPeasantPeasant

Land - Shoen

Land - Shoen

Protection

Loyalty

Loyalty

Food

FeudalismFeudalismFeudalismA political, economic, and social system based on loyalty, the holding of land, and military service.

Europe:

A political, economic, and social system based on loyalty, the holding of land, and military service.

Europe:

King

Lord Lord

Knight Knight Knight

Peasant PeasantPeasantPeasant

Land - Fief

Land - Fief

Protection

Loyalty

Loyalty

Food

Code of BushidoCode ofCode of BushidoBushido

* Fidelity

* Politeness

* Virility

* Simplicity

* Fidelity

* Politeness

* Virility

* Simplicity

Seppuku:Ritual Suicide

Seppuku:Seppuku:Ritual SuicideRitual Suicide

Kaishaku – his “seconds”

Kaishaku – his “seconds”

It is honorable to die in this way.

It is honorable to die in this way.

Code of ChivalryCode ofCode of ChivalryChivalry

* Justice

* Loyalty

* Defense

* Courage

* Faith

* Humility

* Nobility

** Justice

* Loyalty

* Defense

* Courage

* Faith

* Humility

* Nobility

Full Samurai AttireFull Samurai AttireFull Samurai Attire

Samurai SwordSamurai SwordSamurai Sword

Early MountedSamurai Warriors

Early MountedEarly MountedSamurai WarriorsSamurai Warriors

Underpinnings: Basic Stepsin Self Defense

Underpinnings: Basic Stepsin Self Defense

A COTTON BREECH CLOUTA COTTON BREECH CLOUTthat extended up over the chest was the basic undergarment of a samurai’s costume

A SHORT SLEEVED KIMONOA SHORT SLEEVED KIMONO, or “armor robe,” was tied snugly at the waist with a special knot (lower right)

BILLOWING BILLOWING PANTALOONS,PANTALOONS,worn over the armor robe, fitted loosely in the legs to allow freedom of movement

STURDY STURDY SHINGUARDSSHINGUARDSof cloth or leather were reinforced with strips of iron to give protection from the front

AN EXQUISITE AN EXQUISITE BROCADEBROCADE, richly worked with a design of peonies, was one of the extravagant materials used in an armor robe that may have been made for a 14th Century imperial prince

Samurai ChargingSamurai ChargingSamurai Charging

European knightEuropean knight Samurai WarriorSamurai Warrior

vs.vs.

Medieval WarriorsMedieval Warriors

Knight’s ArmorKnight’s Armor Samurai ArmorSamurai Armor

vs.vs.

Medieval WarriorsMedieval Warriors

Osaka CastleOsaka Castle

Main Gate ofHiroshima Castle

Main Gate ofHiroshima Castle

Caernorfon Castle,Wales

Caernorfon Castle,Wales

Warwick Castle, EnglandWarwick Castle, England