ys[kd

izks- cuokjh yky iztkifr

midkj izdk'ku] vkxjk&2

(f}rh; iz'u&i=)

( ii )

© Ádk'kd

Ádk'kdmidkj Ádk'ku

2/11,] Lons'kh chek uxj] 'kkg flusek ds lkeus] vkxjk&282 002 czkap vkWfQlQksu % 4053333, 2530966, 2531101: QSDl % (0562) 4053330, 4031570 4845, vUlkjh jksME-mail : care@upkar.in nfj;kxat] ubZ fnYyhμ110 002

Website : www.upkar.in Qksu % 011–23251844/66

1-8-1/B, vkj- vkj- dkWEIysDl ihjeksguh pkSd] dneoqGvk°] 28, pkS/kjh ysu] ';ke cktkj(lqUnjS;k ikdZ ds ikl] eulk ,UDyso xsV ds cxy esa) iVukμ800 003 esV™ks LVs'ku ds fudVckx fyaxeiYyh] gSnjkcknμ500 044 (vk- iz-) Qksu % 0612–2673340 dksydkrkμ700004 (W.B.)

Qksu % 040–66753330 Qksu % 033–25551510

� bl iqLrd dks Ádkf'kr djus esa Ádk'kd }kjk iw.kZ lko/kkuh cjrh xbZ gS] fQj Hkh fdlh=qfV ds fy, Ádk'kd ftEesnkj ugha gksxk-

� bl iqLrd dks vFkok blds fdlh va'k dks fcuk Ádk'kd dh fyf[kr vuqefr ds] fdlhHkh :i&QksVksxzkQh] fo|qr&xzkfQd] ;kfU=dh vFkok vU; :i esa fdlh Hkh izdkj ls mi;ksxds fy, ugha Nkik tk ldrk gS-

� fdlh Hkh ifjokn ds fy, U;kf;d {ks= dsoy vkxjk gh gksxk-

ISBN 978-93-5013-393-4ewY; % 355.00 ek=(Rs. Three Hundred Fifty Five Only)

Code No. 2261

eqÊd % midkj izdk'ku] fÁafVax ;wfuV] ckbZ-ikl] vkxjk

(An ISO 9001 : 2000 Company)

ISBN : 978-81-7482-842-2

izFke laLdj.k % 2013

( iii )

fo"k;&lwph

• xr o"kks± osG iz'u&i= gy lfgr

[A] lekt'kkL= dh vo/kkj.kk,°1. lekt'kkL= dh izœfr ....................................................................................... 3–21

✑ lekt'kkL= dk vU; foKkuksa ls laca/k ................................................................................................. 3

✑ lekt'kkL= dk mn; ........................................................................................................................... 5

✑ lekt'kkL= dh 'kk[kk;sa ...................................................................................................................... 6

✑ if'pe esa lekt'kkL= dk fodkl ...................................................................................................... 8

✑ Hkkjr esa lekt'kkL= dk fodkl .......................................................................................................... 9

✑ lekt'kkL= dh ifjHkk"kk ..................................................................................................................... 10

✑ lekt'kkL=h; ifjizs{; ........................................................................................................................ 11

✑ oLrqfu"B iz'u .................................................................................................................................. 16

2. eq[; vo/kkj.kk,° .............................................................................................. 22–61✑ leqnk; .............................................................................................................................................. 22

✑ laLFkk ................................................................................................................................................. 27

✑ laLœfr ,oa lH;rk ............................................................................................................................. 30

✑ laLœfr osG rŸoksa osG laca/k esa /kkj.kk;sa .................................................................................................. 34

✑ ekun.M vkSj ewY; ............................................................................................................................. 44

✑ oLrqfu"B iz'u ................................................................................................................................... 46

3. lkekftd lajpuk ............................................................................................. 62–90✑ izfLFkfr ,oa Hkwfedk ............................................................................................................................ 66

✑ Hkwfedk ............................................................................................................................................... 69

✑ VkydV ikjlUl dh Hkwfedk laca/kh /kkj.kk;sa ........................................................................................ 71

✑ Hkwfedk la?k"kZ ...................................................................................................................................... 74

✑ oLrqfu"B iz'u ................................................................................................................................... 75

4. lkekftd lewg .................................................................................................. 91–111✑ Jksrk .................................................................................................................................................. 97

✑ turk ................................................................................................................................................. 97

✑ lanHkZ lewg ......................................................................................................................................... 99

✑ eVZu dk lanHkZ lewg flºkUr .............................................................................................................. 101

( iv )

✑ Hkkjr esa lanHkZ lewg dh ppkZ .............................................................................................................. 101

✑ oLrqfu"B iz'u ................................................................................................................................... 103

5. lkekftd laLFkk,° ............................................................................................. 112–176✑ fookg ................................................................................................................................................. 113

✑ ifjokj ............................................................................................................................................... 120

✑ f'k{kk vkSj lekt ............................................................................................................................... 125

✑ vFkZO;oLFkk ........................................................................................................................................ 130

✑ lEifŸk ............................................................................................................................................... 131

✑ iw°th ................................................................................................................................................... 132

✑ jktO;oLFkk ........................................................................................................................................ 137

✑ jktuhfrd lekthdj.k ...................................................................................................................... 142

✑ /keZ .................................................................................................................................................... 150

✑ oLrqfu"B iz'u ................................................................................................................................... 157

6. lekthdj.k .....................................................................................................177–190✑ lekthdj.k osG y{k.k ........................................................................................................................ 177

✑ lekthdj.k dh izfÿ;k ...................................................................................................................... 177

✑ lekthdj.k osG izdkj ......................................................................................................................... 178

✑ lekthdj.k osG vfHkdj.k .................................................................................................................. 178

✑ lekthdj.k osG pj.k ......................................................................................................................... 179

✑ lekthdj.k vFkok Lo osG fodkl osG flºkUr ..................................................................................... 180

✑ O;fDrRo dk fodkl ,oa vkuqoaf'kdrk ifjos'k fookn .......................................................................... 182

✑ oLrqfu"B iz'u ................................................................................................................................... 183

7. lkekftd Lrjhdj.k .........................................................................................191–223✑ lkekftd Lrjhdj.k osG vk/kkj ........................................................................................................... 192

✑ lkekftd Lrjhdj.k osG Lo:i ........................................................................................................... 192

✑ tkfr O;oLFkk dk foospu .................................................................................................................... 192

✑ o.kZ O;oLFkk ,oa tkfr O;oLFkk ............................................................................................................ 195

✑ Hkkjr esa fiNM+h tkfr;k° ....................................................................................................................... 197

✑ oxZ dk foospu ................................................................................................................................... 200

✑ tkfr O;oLFkk ,oa oxZ O;oLFkk esa varj ................................................................................................ 201

✑ lkekftd Lrjhdj.k osG dk;Zijd flºkar ............................................................................................ 207

✑ oLrqfu"B iz'u ................................................................................................................................... 211

8. lkekftd ifjorZu ........................................................................................... 224–254✑ Hkkjr esa lkekftd ifjorZu ................................................................................................................. 232

✑ Hkkjr esa fu;ksftr ifjorZu .................................................................................................................. 234

( v )

✑ lkekftd lajpuk esa ifjorZu ............................................................................................................. 234

✑ ifjorZu osG izeq[k lzksr ....................................................................................................................... 237

✑ nk'kZfud ,oa /kkfeZd igyqvksa esa ifjorZu ............................................................................................ 238

✑ ifjokj] fookg ,oa ukrsnkjh tSlh lkekftd laLFkkvksa esa ifjorZu .......................................................... 239

✑ lkekftd&vkfFkZd ,oa vkS|ksfxd laXkBu esa ifjorZu ........................................................................... 240

✑ f'k{kk osG {ks= esa ifjorZu ..................................................................................................................... 241

✑ tkrh; lajpuk esa ifjorZu ................................................................................................................... 242

✑ lkekftd ifjorZu dk pÿh; flºkUr ................................................................................................ 243

✑ la?k"kZ&flºkUr .................................................................................................................................... 244

✑ oLrqfu"B iz'u .................................................................................................................................... 245

[B] lekt'kkL=h; flºkar9. lajpukRed flºkar .......................................................................................... 255–285

✑ lkekU;hdj.k osG izdkj ....................................................................................................................... 256

✑ lajpukRed lekt'kkL=h; flºkar ...................................................................................................... 257

✑ lajpuk dk vFkZ ,oa ifjHkk"kk ............................................................................................................... 258

✑ vesfjdh vkSj fczfV'k lajpuk&flºkar .................................................................................................. 259

✑ lkekftd lajpuk dk flºkUr ............................................................................................................. 262

✑ jsMfDyQ&czkmu ds fopkj ................................................................................................................... 262

✑ ysoh LV™kWl osG lajpukokn dh leh{kk ................................................................................................... 267

✑ oLrqfu"B iz'u ................................................................................................................................... 269

10. izdk;kZRed lekt'kkL=h; flºkar .................................................................... 286–327✑ ifjHkk"kk vkSj vFkZ ............................................................................................................................... 286

✑ izdk;Zokn dk fodkl % dkSar ls eVZu rd ............................................................................................ 287

✑ lkekftd ekuo'kkL= vkSj izdk;Zokn .................................................................................................. 288

✑ /keZ vkSj tknw % izdk;Zoknh flºkUr ..................................................................................................... 291

✑ e/;Lrjh; flºkar ............................................................................................................................... 294

✑ Je foHkktu ...................................................................................................................................... 295

✑ vkRegR;k ........................................................................................................................................... 301

✑ vkRegR;k osG lkekftd dkjd ........................................................................................................... 304

✑ vkuqoaf'kdrk vkSj i;kZoj.k osG dkjd ................................................................................................. 306

✑ vuqdj.k dk vFkZ vkSj ifjHkk"kk .......................................................................................................... 307

✑ izdk;Zokn ........................................................................................................................................... 311

✑ folaxfr .............................................................................................................................................. 313

✑ lanHkZ lewg dk flºkUr ....................................................................................................................... 316

✑ oLrqfu"B iz'u ................................................................................................................................... 319

( vi )

11. vUrfÿZ;kokn ................................................................................................. 328–369✑ izrhdkRed vUrfÿZ;kokn dh izeq[k ekU;rk,° ..................................................................................... 329

✑ vUr%fÿ;k esa vFkZcks/k dk egŸo ........................................................................................................ 331

✑ lkekftd fÿ;k flºkar ....................................................................................................................... 332

✑ lkekftd fÿ;k .................................................................................................................................. 334

✑ iw°thokn dh vkRek ............................................................................................................................. 338

✑ vfHktu oxZ dk ifjHkze.k ................................................................................................................... 352

✑ izrhdkRed vUr%fÿ;kokn ................................................................................................................. 353

✑ oLrqfu"B iz'u .................................................................................................................................... 362

12. la?k"kkZRed ...................................................................................................... 370–402✑ la?k"kZ D;k gS\ ..................................................................................................................................... 370

✑ la?k"kZ flºkar dk mn~Hko vkSj fodkl ................................................................................................... 371

✑ oxZ vkSj oxZ&la?k"kZ ............................................................................................................................. 372

✑ vk/kqfud iw°thoknh O;oLFkk esa vkUrfjd fojks/k o oxZ&la?k"kZ ................................................................ 374

✑ lkekftd oxZ D;k gS\ ........................................................................................................................ 375

✑ bfrgkl dh HkkSfrdoknh vo/kkj.kk ...................................................................................................... 381

✑ jkYQ MsgjsUMkWiZG dk la?k"kZ flºkUr ...................................................................................................... 384

✑ dkstj dk la?k"kZ flºkUr ..................................................................................................................... 386

✑ ywbl ,- dkslj dk fopkj ................................................................................................................... 388

✑ jsUMky dksfyUl dk fopkj .................................................................................................................. 389

✑ jSYQ MkjsuMkWQ dk fopkj .................................................................................................................. 393

✑ oLrqfu"B iz'u ................................................................................................................................... 395

[C] fof/k

13. lkekftd 'kks/k dk vFkZ ,oa izœfr ................................................................... 403–410✑ lkekftd 'kks/k dk vFkZ ...................................................................................................................... 403

✑ lkekftd 'kks/k dh ifjHkk"kk ................................................................................................................ 403

✑ lkekftd 'kks/k dh izœfr ................................................................................................................... 404

✑ oLrqfu"B iz'u ................................................................................................................................... 406

14. x.kukRed fof/k .............................................................................................. 411–430✑ x.kukRed oxhZdj.k ........................................................................................................................... 411

✑ lkekftd losZ{k.k dk vFkZ .................................................................................................................. 411

✑ 'kks/k izk:i ,oa blds izdkj ................................................................................................................ 412

✑ ifjdYiuk dh ifjHkk"kk ....................................................................................................................... 415

✑ fun'kZu dk vFkZ .................................................................................................................................. 422

( vii )

✑ nŸk ladyu dh fof/k;k° ....................................................................................................................... 422

✑ oSKkfud iºfr dk vFkZ o ifjHkk"kk ..................................................................................................... 422

✑ izfof/k dk vFkZ ................................................................................................................................... 425

✑ oLrqfu"B iz'u ................................................................................................................................... 426

15. xq.kkRed fof/k;k° ............................................................................................ 431–447✑ xq.kkRed oxhZdj.k ............................................................................................................................. 431

✑ lgHkkxh (izfrHkkxh) fujh{k.k .............................................................................................................. 431

✑ oS;fDrd v/;;u ............................................................................................................................... 433

✑ varoZLrq fo'ys"k.k ............................................................................................................................... 439

✑ varoZLrq fo'ys"k.k dh bdkb;k° ............................................................................................................ 440

✑ thou&bfrgkl .................................................................................................................................... 440

✑ oLrqfu"B iz'u ................................................................................................................................... 444

16. lkekftd 'kks/k esa lkaf[;dh ............................................................................. 448–492✑ lkaf[;dh; iºfr ............................................................................................................................... 448

✑ lkaf[;dh dh mRifŸk ,oa fodkl .......................................................................................................... 449

✑ lkaf[;dh dk vFkZ o ifjHkk"kk .............................................................................................................. 450

✑ osGUÊh; izofŸk osG eki .......................................................................................................................... 453

✑ lkaf[;dh; ek/; ................................................................................................................................ 453

✑ ef/;dk ;k e/;kad ............................................................................................................................ 461

✑ Hkwf;"Bd ;k cgqyd ............................................................................................................................ 465

✑ fopyu osG eki osG rjhds .................................................................................................................... 470

✑ lglEcU/k .......................................................................................................................................... 483

✑ oLrqfu"B iz'u .................................................................................................................................... 487

( viii )

ikB~;ÿe

[A] lekt'kkL= dh vo/kkj.kk,°1. lekt'kkL= dh izœfr % ifjHkk"kk] lekt'kkL=h; ifjizs{;A

2. eq[; vo/kkj.kk,° % leqnk;] laLFkk] lewg] laLœfr] ekun.M ,oa ewY;A

3. lkekftd lajpuk % izfLFkfr ,oa Hkwfedk] muosG vUrlZEcU/k] fofo/k Hkwfedk,°] Hkwfedk iqat] izfLFkfr iqat] izfLFkfrÿe] Hkwfedk la?k"kZA

4. lkekftd lewg % vFkZ] izdkj] izkFkfed f}rh;d] vkSipkfjd vukSipkfjd] vUrlZewg ck· lewg] lUnHkZ lewgA

5. lkekftd laLFkk,° % fookg] ifjokj] f'k{kk] vFkZO;oLFkk] jktO;oLFkk] /keZA

6. lekthdj.k % lekthdj.k] iqulZekthdj.k] izR;k'kh lekthdj.k] izkS<+ lekthdj.k] lekthdj.k osG vfHkdj.k]lekthdj.k osG flºkUrA

7. lkekftd Lrjhdj.k % lkekftd foHksnhdj.k] mPpksPp ÿe ,oa vlekurk] Lrjhdj.k osG Lo:i % tkfr] oxZ] fyax]u`tkfr] lkekftd Lrjhdj.k osG flºkUr] lkekftd xfr'khyrkA

8. lkekftd ifjorZu % vo/kkj.kk,° ,oa izdkj % mn~fodkl] folj.k] izxfr] ÿkafr] :ikUrj.k] lkekftd lajpuk esaifjorZu ,oa lkekftd lajpuk dk ifjorZu] flºkUr% }U}kRed ,oa pÿh;A

[B] lekt'kkL=h; flºkar9. lajpukRed % uSfMy] jsMfDyQ czkmu] ysoh LV™kWlA

10. izdk;kZRed % eSfyuksoLdh] nq[khZe] ikjlUl] eVZuA

11. vUrfozZG;koknh % lkekftd fÿ;k % eSDl oscj] iSjsVks_ izrhdkRed vUrfozZG;kokn % th- ,p- ehM] CywejA

12. la?k"kkZRed % dkyZ ekDlZ] MsgjsuMkWiZG] dkstj] dkWfyUlA

[C] fof/k (iºfr'kkL=)13. lkekftd 'kks/k dk vFkZ ,oa izœfr % lkekftd ?kVd dh izœfr] oSKkfud fof/k] lkekftd ?kVd osG v/;;u esa

leL;k,° % oLrqfu"B ,oa O;fDrfu"Brk] rF; ,oa ewY;A

14. x.kukRed fof/k % losZ{k.k] 'kks/k izk:i ,oa blosG izdkj] midYiuk] fun'kZu] nŸk ladyu dh fof/k;k° % voyksdu]iz'ukoyh] vuqlwph] lk{kkRdkjA

15. xq.kkRed fof/k;k° % lgHkkxh voyksdu] oS;fDrd v/;;u] vUroZLrq fo'ys"k.k] ekSf[kd bfrgkl] thou bfrgklA

16. lkekftd 'kks/k esa lkaf[;dh % osGUÊh; izo`fŸk osG eki % vuqikr] ek/;e] cgqyd] fopyu osG eki osG rjhosG]lglEcU/k fo'ys"k.k] lkFkZdrk dk ekiu] fo'oluh;rk ,oa oS/krkA

;wthlh&usV lekt'kkL=k–II (J–16) | 1

lekt'kkL=k(f}rh; iz'u&i=k)

;w-th-lh-&usV@ ts-vkj-,iQ- ijh{kk(tqykbZ 2016)

dk gy iz'u&i=k

2 | ;wthlh&usV lekt'kkL=k–II (J–16)

tqykbZ 2016

lekt'kkL=k(f}rh; iz'u&i=k)

funsZ'k–bl iz'u&i=k esa ipkl (50) cgqfodYih;iz'u gSa- izR;sd iz'u osQ nks (2) vad gSa- lHkh iz'u vfuok;ZgSa-

1. fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSulk dFku lekt'kkL=kh; dYiukosQ ckjs esa lh- jkbV feYl osQ fopkj dks fu:firdjrk gS \(A) lkekftd txr~ dks lkekftd rF; osQ :i esa

ns[kuk(B) 'kkL=kh; fl¼kUrokfn;ksa osQ chp erHksnksa dks

le>uk(C) futh leL;kvksa vkSj lkekftd eqn~nksa dks ,d

lkFk ykuk(D) O;fDr vk/kfjr Li"Vhdj.k ls cpuk

2. fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdldk dFku gS fd ¶lekt'kkL=klkewfgd izfrfuf/Ro dk vè;;u gS \¸(A) oscj (B) nq[khZe(C) dkWEV (D) LisUlj

3. eSDl oscj osQ vuqlkj vkn'kZ izk:i (Ideal Type)

gS–(A) iznÙk lekt esa lokZf/d lkekU; ifjfLFkfr(B) ,d vkn'kZ lekt dk nk'kZfud izfr:i(C) lkekftd iz?kVuk dks le>us dk vo/kj.kkRed

;k fo'ys"k.kkRed lk/u(D) lkekftd 'kks/drkZ osQ }kjk lax`ghr lkaf[;dh;

lk{;

4. fdlosQ vuqlkj vkRelkr~ fd, x, ^lk>k ewY;*(Shared Values) fdlh Hkh lekt osQ lkekftd,dhdj.k esa fu.kkZ;d Hkwfedk fuHkkus okys ekus tkrsgSa \

(A) Vh- ikjlUl (B) ch- eSfyukWoLdh

(C) bZ- nq[khZe (D) vkj- osQ- eVZu

5. jkWcVZ jsMiQhYM osQ vuqlkj fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSulh,d y?kq leqnk; (Little Community) dh fo'ks"krkugha gS\

(A) fof'k"Vrk

(B) ltkrh;rk

(C) LFkku(D) vkRefuHkZjrk

6. lwph–I esa fn, x, enksa dks lwph–II esa fn, x, enksa lslqesfyr dhft,–

lwph–I (iqLrosaQ)

(a) iSVuZl~ vkWiQ dYpj

(b) izhfefVo dYpj

(c) ,- lkbfUVfiQd F;ksjh vkWiQ dYpj

(d) uksV~l VqokMZl~ n MsfiQfu'ku vkWiQ dYpj

lwph–II (ys[kd)

1. Vh-,l- bfy;V

2. bZ-ch- Vk;yj

3. :Fk csusfMDV

4. ch- eSfyukWoLdh

owQV %

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 1 2 3 4

(B) 3 2 4 1

(C) 2 3 4 1

(D) 4 1 2 3

;wthlh&usV lekt'kkL=k–II (J–16) | 3

7. fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSulh ,d leqnk; dh fo'ks"krkugha gS \

(A) HkwHkkx (Territory)

(B) lkekftd lEcU/ksa dk lewg

(C) ge dh Hkkouk (We Feeling)

(D) Hkk"kk (Language)

8. lkekftd izfreku osQ :i esa ckjEckj gksus okysizfLFkfr osQ ifjorZu dks dgk tkrk gS–

(A) izfLFkfr lewg (B) izfLFkfr la?k"kZ

(C) lkekftd izfLFkfr (D) izfLFkfr Øe

9. tc fdlh Hkwfedk dks fuHkkus okyk Hkwfedk ls vkRexrrVLFkrk dks viukrk gS rks bls dgk tkrk gS–

(A) Hkwfedk la?k"kZ (B) Hkwfedk xzg.k

(C) Hkwfedk nwjh (D) Hkwfedk vlaxfr

10. ;g fdldk dFku gS fd ¶Hkwfedk izfLFkfr dk xfr'khyigyw gS] tgk¡ ^izfLFkfr* dk lEcU/ izfr"Bk ls vkSj^Hkwfedk* dk lEcU/ fu"iknu ls gS \¸

(A) jkYiQ ¯yVu (B) vkj-osQ- eVZu

(C) eSDl oscj (D) ih-,y- osQUMky

11. Hkwfedk lEcU/ksa dh Üka[kyk] tks O;fDr;ksa dks fo'ks"klkekftd izfLFkfr ij gksus osQ dkj.k feyrh gS] dkseVZu us D;k dgk gS \

(A) cgqy Hkwfedk,¡ (Multiple Roles)

(B) Hkwfedk lewg (Role Set)

(C) Hkwfedk usVooZQ (Role Networks)

(D) izfLFkfr Hkwfedk (Status Role)

12. fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSulh izkFkfed lewg (Primary

Group) dh fo'ks"krk,¡ ugha gSa \

(1) vius ekud@fu;e

(2) vk;q (Age)

(3) ¯yx (Sex)

(4) vkeus&lkeus dh vUr£Ø;k

uhps fn, x, owQV ls lgh mÙkj pqfu,–

owQV %

(A) (1) vkSj (2) (B) (1) vkSj (4)

(C) (2) vkSj (4) (D) (2) vkSj (3)

13. lwph–I dks lwph–II osQ lkFk lqesfyr dhft, vkSj lwfp;ksaosQ uhps fn, x, owQV ls lgh mÙkj pqfu,–

lwph–I (ladYiuk)

(a) fefyVsaV ,.M bUMfLVª;y lkslkbVh

(b) esoSQfudy ,.M vkWxsZfud lkWfyMSfjVh

(c) iQksd&vcZu oaQfVU;qe

(d) tsfeu'kkÝV ,.M tslsy'kkÝV

lwph–II (izfriknd)

1. bZ- nq[khZe

2. ,p- LisUlj

3. ,iQ- Vksuht

4. vkj- jsMiQhYM

owQV %

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 2 1 3 4

(B) 2 1 4 3

(C) 1 2 4 3

(D) 4 3 1 2

14. uhps nks dFku fn, x, gSa] ,d dks vfHkdFku (A) vkSjnwljs dks roZQ (R) dgk x;k gS–

vfHkdFku (A) : lHkh lewg lkekftd usVooZQ gSa-

roZQ (R) : lHkh usVooZQ lkekftd lewg ugha gSa-

uhps fn, x, owQV ls lgh mÙkj dk p;u dhft,–

owQV %

(A) (A) vkSj (R) nksuksa lgh gSa rFkk (A), (R) dh lghO;k[;k gS

(B) (A) vkSj (R) nksuksa lgh gSa] fdUrq (A), (R) dhlgh O;k[;k ugha gS

(C) (A) lgh gS] fdUrq (R) xyr gS

(D) (A) xyr gS] fdUrq (R) lgh gS

15. ,d /kfeZd iaFk esa lÙkk dk izdkj gS–

(A) ijEijkxr

(B) ukSdj'kkgh

(C) cqf¼laxr

(D) fof/d (Legal)

4 | ;wthlh&usV lekt'kkL=k–II (J–16)

16. ,d tho osQ :i esa ,d O;fDr osQ ikl tUe osQ le;D;k ugha gksrk gS tks lekthdj.k dh izfØ;k esaizklafxd gksrk gS \

(A) ewyizo`fÙk (Instincts)

(B) {kerk,¡ (Capacities)

(C) izfrorZ (Reflexes)

(D) eukso`fÙk (Attitude)

17. fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu ekbUM] lsYiQ ,.M lkslkbVh*dk ys[kd gS \

(A) VkydkWV ikjlUl (B) ekxZjsV ehM

(C) tkWtZ ,p- ehM (D) xkMZuj eiQhZ

18. fdldh jpukvksa esa lkekftd Lrjhdj.k osQ izdk;kZRedfl¼kUr dk izfriknu fd;k x;k Fkk \

(A) Msfol ,.M CySd

(B) Msfol ,.M ewj

(C) ikjlUl ,.M csYl

(D) okb”kj ,.M okb”kj

19. ,d ifjokj esa] nknk ,d xk¡o esa oqQEgkj Fkk vkSj firkus 'kgj osQ ,d LowQy esa f'k{k.k fd;k vkSj vc iq=kegkuxj esa cgqjk"Vªh; dEiuh esa ,d bathfu;j gS- ;gn'kkZrk gS–

(A) lkaLÑfrd xfr'khyrk

(B) {kSfrt xfr'khyrk

(C) ,d ih<+h osQ vUrxZr xfr'khyrk

(D) varj&ih<+h xfr'khyrk

20. fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSulk fopkj lkekftd ifjorZu(Social Change) dk lcls izkphu fopkj gS \(A) pØh; (Cyclical)

(B) jSf[kd (Linear)

(C) mn~fodkloknh (Evolutionary)

(D) }U}kRed (Dialectical)

21. fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlus dgk fd Økafr;k¡ bfrgkldh batu gSa \(A) th-MCY;w-,iQ- ghxsy(B) bZ- dkWUV(C) osQ- ekDlZ(D) ,iQ- ,UtsYl

22. lwph–I dks lwph–II ls lqesfyr dhft, vkSj lwfp;ksa osQuhps fn, x, owQV ls lgh mÙkj pqfu,–

lwph–I lwph–II

(a) ykW vkWiQ Fkzh LVstst 1. VkW;yj

(b) vkWxsZfud ,ukykWth 2. nq[khZe

(c) fMfotu vkWiQ yscj 3. dkWEV

(d) fizfefVo dYpj 4. LisUlj

owQV %

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 3 4 2 1

(B) 2 3 4 1

(C) 1 3 2 4

(D) 4 3 2 1

23. lkekftd lajpuk osQ ,d egRoiw.kZ ?kVd osQ :iesa ^vfLrRo dh vko';d n'kkvksa* (Necessary

Conditions of Existence) okD;ka'k dk iz;ksx fdlusfd;k \

(A) ,l-,iQ- ukMsy

(B) lh-ysoh- LVªkWl

(C) ,-vkj- jsfMfDyiQ&czkmu

(D) vkj-osQ- eVZu

24. fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu bl fopkj dk leFkZu djrkgS fd ¶lkekftd lajpuk yxHkx fLFkj vkSj vifjorZuh;gS] tcfd bldk xq.kkRed Lo:i xfr'khy vkSjifjorZuh; gS \¸

(A) ,-vkj- jSMfDyiQ&czkmu

(B) ,l-,iQ- ukMsy

(C) ch- eSfyukWoLdh

(D) lh- ysoh&LVªkWl

25. lwph–I esa fn, x, enksa dks lwph–II ls lqesfyr dhft,–

lwph–I (ladYiuk,¡)

(a) lks'ky&ekWiQksZykWth (lkekftd&vkdkfjdh)

(b) jsflizksflfV (ijLijrk)

(c) ,yk;al F;ksjh (xBcU/u fl¼kUr)

(d) LVªDpjy&¯yfXoLV (lajpukRed Hkk"kkfon~)

;wthlh&usV lekt'kkL=k–II (J–16) | 5

lwph–II (izfriknd)1. ysoh&LVªkWl

2. iQ£MuSUM fn lkWlj

3. jsfMfDyiQ&czkmu

4. eklZy ekWl

owQV %

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 3 2 4 1

(B) 2 3 1 4

(C) 3 4 1 2

(D) 4 3 2 1

26. fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlus ukrsnkjh lajpukvksa osQ viusvè;;u esa ;kfU=kd* vkSj lkaf[;dh;* (Mechanical

and Statistical) izfr:i izLrqr fd, gSa–

(A) lh- ysoh&LVªkWl

(B) tsEl izsQ”kj

(C) ,-vkj- jsMfDyiQ&czkmu

(D) ,l-,iQ- ukMsy

27. fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlus lkekftd O;oLFkk esa izxkehfodkl dh izfØ;k esa xfreku larqyu dh ckr dh gS \

(A) Vh- ikjlUl (B) vkj-osQ- eVZu

(C) eSDl oscj (D) ch- eSfyukWoLdh

28. bZ- nq[khZe osQ fy, uSfrd ?kuRo (Density) dk vFkZgS–

(A) O;fDr;ksa dh la[;k esa ek=k o`f¼

(B) uSfrd :i ls dk;Z dj jgs O;fDr

(C) la;e vuqHko djus okys O;fDr

(D) O;fDr;ksa osQ chp vf/d vUr£Ø;k

29. ^Lor% lk/d Hkfo";ksfDr* dh ladYiuk dh O;k[;kfdlus dh Fkh \

(A) eSDl oscj (B) vkj-osQ- eVZu

(C) Vh- ikjlUl (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha

30. ^Vªksfcz&;kaM vkbySaMlZ* (Trobriand Islanders) dkvè;;u fdlus fd;k \

(A) ,-vkj- czkmu (B) ts- izsQtj

(C) ch- eSfyukWoLdh (D) bZ- nq[khZe

31. ^n tsujsykbTM vnj* (The Generalized Other) dhladYiuk osQ izorZd Fks–

(A) th-,p- ehM (B) ,p- Cywej

(C) oh- iSjsVks (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha

32. eSDl oscj us fdldh mifLFkfr ;k vuqifLFkfr (Pres-

ence or Absence) osQ :i esa 'kfDr vkSj lÙkk esafoHksn fd;k gS \

(A) vuqØe (B) roZQlaxrrk

(C) oS/rk (D) ukSdj'kkgh

33. vfHktkR; oxZ osQ fl¼kUr dk lcls igys fodklfdlus fd;k \

(A) iSjsVks vkSj eksLdk (B) feYl vkSj MsfoM ysu

(C) iSjsVks vkSj feYl (D) eksLdk vkSj fe'ksy

34. ^n esFkksMksykWftdy iksth'ku vkWiQ flEckWfydbUVj,sD'kfuTe* iqLrd osQ ys[kd Fks–(A) ,p- Cywej (B) lh-,p- owQys(C) bZ- xkWÝeSu (D) th-,p- ehM

35. la?k"kZ osQ izdk;Zokn mikxe dk izfriknu fdlus fd;kFkk \(A) vkj- MkgjsuMkWiZQ (B) ,y-,- dkstj(C) dkyZ ekDlZ (D) vkj- dkWfyUl

36. dkyZ ekDlZ osQ vuqlkj lkekftd ifjorZu osQ ik¡pegku~ lk/u dkSuls gSa tks mÙkjorhZ :i ls ekuolekt dh xR;kRedrk dks lkdkj djrs gSa \1. nklRo (Slavery)

2. izkFkfed lkE;okn3. iw¡thokn (Capitalism)

4. lkeUrokn (Feudalism)

5. lektokn (Socialism)

mlus bu voLFkkvksa dks fdl Øe esa j[kk \

owQV %

(A) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (B) 2, 1, 3, 4, 5

(C) 2, 1, 4, 3, 5 (D) 1, 2, 4, 3, 5

37. uhps nks dFku fn, x, gSa] ,d vfHkdFku (A) gS vkSjnwljk roZQ (R) gS–vfHkdFku (A) : voyksdu dHkh&dHkh gesa lkekftdiz?kVuk osQ ckjs esa csgrj fu"d"kZ iznku djrk gS-

6 | ;wthlh&usV lekt'kkL=k–II (J–16)

roZQ (R) : voyksdu ,d fof/ gS ftlesa dksbZ Hkhi{kikr lfEefyr ugha gksrk gS-

uhps fn, x, owQVksa esa ls lgh mÙkj pqfu,–

owQV %

(A) (A) vkSj (R) nksuksa lgh gSa vkSj (R), (A) dh lghO;k[;k gS-

(B) (A) vkSj (R) nksuksa lgh gSa] fdUrq (R), (A) dhlgh O;k[;k ugha gS-

(C) (A) lgh gS] fdUrq (R) xyr gS-

(D) (A) xyr gS] fdUrq (R) lgh gS-

38. ekDlZ dh O;k[;k osQ vuqlkj lgh roZQlaxr Øe dhigpku dhft,–

(A) Lo;a esa oxZ] Lo;a osQ fy, oxZ] lkekftd:ikUrj.k] oxZ la?k"kZ

(B) Lo;a esa oxZ] Lo;a osQ fy, oxZ] oxZ la?k"kZ]lkekftd :ikUrj.k

(C) Lo;a esa oxZ] oxZ la?k"kZ] Lo;a osQ fy, oxZ]lkekftd :ikUrj.k

(D) Lo;a osQ fy, oxZ] oxZ la?k"kZ] Lo;a esa oxZ]lkekftd :ikUrj.k

39. ;g fdlus dgk gS fd ¶ekuo dk;Zdyki (Human

Activity) dks osQoy vUnj ls gh ns[kk vkSj le>ktk ldrk gS \¸

(A) eSDl oscj (B) MCY;w fMYFks

(C) bZ- nq[khZe (D) ih- lksjksfdu

40. ;g fopkj fdlus fd;k gS fd ¶voyksdu] (Obser-

vation) oxhZdj.k vkSj vizR;{k iz;ksx dh n`f"V lslkekftd iz?kVuk dks izkÑfrd iz?kVuk tSlk ekuk tkldrk gS \¸

(A) bekby nq[khZe

(B) ,-vkj- jsMfDyiQ&czkmu

(C) (A) vkSj (B) nksuksa

(D) mi;qZDr esa ls dksbZ ugha

41. Hkkjrh; lekt'kkfL=k;ksa esa ls fdlus lkekftd iz?kVukosQ vè;;u osQ lesfdr mikxe dh odkyr dh gS \

(A) Mh-ih- eqdthZ

(B) th-,l- ?kqfj;s

(C) jk/kdey eq[kthZ(D) jkeÑ".k eq[kthZ

42. fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlus igyh ckj Hkkjr esa ^,dvkS|ksfxd uxj dk losZ{k.k* (Survey of an Indus-

trial City) fd;k rFkk lkaf[;dh; vo/kj.kkvksa vkSjlk/uksa dk iz;ksx fd;k \(A) Mh-,u- etwenkj(B) ,e-,u- Jhfuokl(C) oh-,l- fMlwtk(D) ,l-lh- nqcs

43. fdlosQ ckjs esa ;g dgk tkrk gS fd mlus ;w-,l-,- esa^,d LVªhV dkWuZj lkslkbVh* (Street Corner Society)

osQ vè;;u esa lgHkkxh voyksdu fof/ dk iz;ksxfd;k Fkk \(A) ch- eSfyukWoLdh(B) MCY;w- ,iQ- OgkbV(C) ikWy ,iQ- yktklZ iQhYM(D) vkj-osQ- eVZu

44. lwph–I vkSj lwph–II dks lqesfyr dhft, vkSj lwfp;ksaosQ uhps fn, x, owQVksa esa ls lgh mÙkj pqfu,–

lwph–I (iqLrosaQ)(a) fn esFkMksykWth vkWiQ fn lks'ky lkbUlst(b) fn :Yl vkWiQ lksf'k;ksykWftdy eSFkM(c) fn VwYl vkWiQ lks'ky lkbUl(d) esFkM~l bu lks'ky fjys'kUl

lwph–II (ys[kd)1. tkWu e”k2. tgksMk vkSj vU;3. bekby nq[khZe4. ih-oh- ;ax

5. eSDl oscj

owQV %

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 1 2 3 4

(B) 5 4 3 2

(C) 4 3 2 1

(D) 5 3 1 2

/ / (

– )

Publisher : Upkar PrakashanAuthor : Banvari LalPrajapati

Type the URL : http://www.kopykitab.com/product/10416

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