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18
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22
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24
Shashi kumar – Micro Economics (2004) - Anmol Publication Pvt Ltd
Ben S.Bernake – Principles of Micro Economics (2001) - MC Graw Hill Education
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M.L. Jhingan – Modern Micro Economics (Fourth Edition) (2012) - Virnda
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-
1 4 5 8
11 14 15 18
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Shashi kumar – Micro Economics (2004) - Anmol Publication Pvt Ltd
Ben S.Bernake – Principles of Micro Economics (2001) - MC Graw Hill Education
M.L.Seth – Micro Economics (2012) - Lakshmi Narain Agarwal Publication
M.L. Jhingan – Modern Micro Economics (Fourth Edition) (2012) - Virnda
Publication Pvt Ltd
Ryan C. Amacher – Principles of Micro Economics (1980) - South-Western Pub.Co
www.managedstudy.com
http://slideplayer.com/slide/7656075/.
http://www.brainkart.com/subject/Economics_14/
http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/consumers/measurement-of-utility-cardinal-
utility-and-ordinal-utility/46782
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3.1
3
123
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3.2
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3.3
3.4
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64
Δ Δ
Δ
Δ
MP
(L) (TPL) (MPL)
(APL)
1 2 2 2
I2 6 4 33 12 6 44 16 4 4
II5 18 2 3.6
6 18 0 3
III7 16 -2 2.28
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I
II
III
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3.6
(Economies of Scale)
3.5
(Laws Of Returns To Scale)
a to b 100% 200%
b to c 100% 100%
c to d 100% 33.33%
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68
3.7
3.8
(Iso - quants)
1.
(Diseconomies of Scale)
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2.
A 2 30 400B 4 22 400C 6 16 400D 8 12 400E 10 10 400
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3.9
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A 4 0 120B 3 3 120C 2 6 120D 1 9 120E 0 12 120
3.10
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73
3.11
MRTS PPL KL
K, =10/30=1/3=0.333
Q = AL α Kß
HK
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3.12
α ß
ß
ß
ßase. This is due to the fact that when price rises, it is profitable to increase the production and hence supply increases.
s
s
x
x
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(P) (Qs)
1 202 403 604 805 100
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=
es=(ΔQs/Qs) / (ΔP/P); es = ΔQs / ΔP × P/Qs
Qs , P .
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∞
0
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3.12
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ICT CORNER
L
L
L
MP
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
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4.2
4.1
4
1
2
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4.3
4.3.2
4.3.3
4.3.4
2
4.3.1
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4.3.7
4.3.8
4.3.9
4.3.5
4.3.6
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4.4
4.3.12
4.4.1
(₹)0 1000
1 1000
2 1000
3 1000
4 1000
5 1000
2
4.3.10
4.3.11
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2
2
4.4.34.4.2
(₹)0 01 2002 3003 4004 6005 900
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2
2
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1. Principles of Microeconomics, 7th Edition (Mankiw’s Principles of Economics) by N. Gregory Mankiw
2. Microeconomics: Principles, Problems, & Policies (McGraw-Hill Series in Economics) by Campbell McConell, Stanley Brue, and Sean Flynn
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ICT CORNER
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2
3
4
9
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123
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
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29
31
32
33
34
39
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125
1. Roger Leroy Miller “ Economics today The Micro view “ , Addition Wesley , 15th
edition, 2010 .
2. Irvin B. Tucker, “ Economics for Today “, South Western Cengage learning, 6th
edition, 2010.
3. K.K. Dewett, M.H. Navalur, “ Modern Economic Theory “ , S. Chand, 23rd edition, 2010.
4. H.L. Ahuja, “ Principles of Micro Economics “, Publisher S. Chand , 22nd edition, 2016.
5. Shankaran, “ Micro Economics “,
6. Micro Economics (Principles, Applications and tools) by-Arthur O’ Sullivan,
Steven Sheffrin, Stephen Perez, Pearson
1. www.economicsconcepts.com
2. www.microeconomicsnotes.com
3. www.economicsdiscussion.net
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6.26.1
6
1
2
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6.4
6.3
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MRP = MPP x MR
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6.5
6.5.1
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1.
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132
6.6
1.
2.
3.
6.5.3
6.6.1
6.6.2
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133
6.7
6.7.2
6.7.3
6.7.1
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6.8
6.7.5
6.8.1
6.6.1
=
6.7.4
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6.9
6.9.2
6.8.2
6.9.1
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6.9.3
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1.
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=
= S + BC + DH + DI
=
= I + C + H
J.M.
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6.10.1
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6.116.10.2
6.10.3
6.11.1
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6.11.2
6.11.3
6.11.4
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143
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
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146
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147
7
1 2
7.1
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148
7.2
7.3
7.3.1
1.
2.
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3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
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10.
7.3.2
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.3.3
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151
1901 23.84 -1911 25.21 0.561921 25.13 -0.031931 27.90 1.041941 31.87 1.331951 36.11 1.251961 43.92 1.961971 54.81 2.201981 68.33 2.221991 84.33 2.162001 102.70 1.972011 121.02 1.66
(Source: Registrar General of India)
1951 39.9 27.42001 25.4 8.42011 21.8 7.11
(Source: Source: Registrar General of India)
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152
1951 1172001 3252011 382
(Source: Registrar General of India)
1951 9462001 9332011 940
(Source: Source: Registrar General of India)
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153
7.4
7.4.1
1951 32.5 31.7 32.11991 58.6 59.0 58.72001 61.6 63.3 62.52011 62.6 64.2 63.5
(Source: Registrar General of India)
1951 18.3 27.2 8.92001 64.8 75.3 53.72011 74.04 82.1 65.5
(Source: Registrar General of India)
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154
7.4.2
7.4.3
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155
7.5
7.6
7.6.1
7.6.2
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156
7.7
1.
2.
7.7.1
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157
7.8
7.7.2
7.8.1
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7.8.2
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159
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
7.8.3
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7.8.4
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2.
3.
4.
7.8.5
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162
7.8.6
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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163
6.
7.
7.8.7
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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164
7.9
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165
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166
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
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167
Indian Economy -by Ramesh Singh
Indian Economy -Datt & Sundharam
India’s Reforms: How They Produced Inclusive GrowthBy Jagdish Bhagwati; Arvind
Panagariya
Reforms and Economic Transformation in IndiaBy Jagdish Bhagwati; Arvind Panagariya
India: The Emerging GiantBy Arvind Panagariya
http://www.economicsdiscussion.net/indian-economy/top-11-features-of-a-
developing-economy/18987
Indian Economy -by Ramesh Singh
Indian Economy -Datt & Sundharam
India’s Reforms: How They Produced Inclusive GrowthBy Jagdish Bhagwati; Arvind
Panagariya
Reforms and Economic Transformation in IndiaBy Jagdish Bhagwati; Arvind Panagariya
India: The Emerging GiantBy Arvind Panagariya
http://www.economicsdiscussion.net/indian-economy/top-11-features-of-a-
developing-economy/18987
Indian Economy -by Ramesh Singh
Indian Economy -Datt & Sundharam
India’s Reforms: How They Produced Inclusive GrowthBy Jagdish Bhagwati; Arvind
Panagariya
Reforms and Economic Transformation in IndiaBy Jagdish Bhagwati; Arvind Panagariya
India: The Emerging GiantBy Arvind Panagariya
http://www.economicsdiscussion.net/indian-economy/top-11-features-of-a-
developing-economy/18987
Indian Economy -by Ramesh Singh
Indian Economy -Datt & Sundharam
India’s Reforms: How They Produced Inclusive GrowthBy Jagdish Bhagwati; Arvind
Panagariya
Reforms and Economic Transformation in IndiaBy Jagdish Bhagwati; Arvind Panagariya
India: The Emerging GiantBy Arvind Panagariya
http://www.economicsdiscussion.net/indian-economy/top-11-features-of-a-
developing-economy/18987
1. Ramesh Singh - Indian Economy 5th edition - McGraw Hill Publication
2. Gaurav datt & Aswani Mahajan - Datt & Sundharam Indian Economy 72nd edition
- S.Chand Publication
3. Jagdish Bhagwati; Arvind Panagariya - India’s Reforms: How They Produced
Inclusive Growth
4. Jagdish Bhagwati; Arvind Panagariya - Reforms and Economic Transformation in
India
5. Arvind Panagariya - India: The Emerging Giant
http://www.economicsdiscussion.net/indian-economy/top-11-features-of-a-
developing-economy/18987
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168
8.28.1
8
1 2
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169
8.2.2
8.2.3 8.2.1
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8.3
)
8.3.1
8.3.2
8.2.4
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171
8.5
8.4
1.
2.
8.3.3
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8.6
3.
4.
5.
6.
8.6.1
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2.
3.
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173
8.7
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
4.
8.6.2
1.
2.
3.
4.
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176
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179
8.10
8.11
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8.14
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8.14.1
(HDI)
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185
8.15
8.14.2
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2. JagdishBhagwati; Arvind Panagariya - Reforms and Economic Transformation in India
www.gatewayforindia.com/history/eastindiacompanybefore1857
www.threecolonialportcitiesinindia/geographicalreviewvol.78.issue.1 pg:32-47.-
M.Kosambi, 1978.
www.planningcommission.nic.in
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220
10.13
10.12
3.
4.
5.
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223
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
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224
1. Annual Report, Ministry of Rural Development, GOI.
2. Rural Economics by Patel KV, A C Shah and LD’Mello, Himalaya
Publishing House, Bombay.
3. Rural Economics by Grewal PS, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.
4. Rural Economics by Dhingara IC, Sultan Chand & sons, New Delhi.
5. Agricultural Economics and Rural Development by Tyagi BP, Jai
Prakash Nath & Co., Meerut.
6. Integrated Rural Development by Ramasamy AS, Oxford & IBH
Publishing Co Pvt Ltd, New Delhi.
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225
11
'
11.1
1 2
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}
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227
11.3
11.2
`
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228
11.4
812239
412623,20,707
14,92,359
Source: Tamil Nadu Government Season & Crop Report 2012-13
11.4.2
11.4.1
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229
11.5
7.2
6.5
6.5
5.9
5.6
4.7
2.1
11.5.1
11.5.2
30,275,000 87%
2,000,000 66%
23,000,000 42%
8,000,000 38%
2,000,000 33%
98,000,000 28%
5,000,000 27%
2,000,000 25%
73,000,000 17%
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230
11.6
11.5.5
11.5.6
11.5.7
11.5.3
1 IMR 17 34
2 MMR 79 159
370.668.672.7
67.966.469.6
480.33 %86.81 %
73.86 %
74.04%82.14%
65.46%5 995 940
11.5.4
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231
$ 207.8
$ 171
$ 184
$ 81
11.6.1
11.6.2
2200
1670
2175
2151
1443
1358
1029
729
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232
11.7
1,57,116
1,55,516
1,46,416
1,58,360
1,37,000
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233
11.8
11.7.1
11.7.2
1
111
1223
334
8
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11.8.1
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11.8.3
11.8.4
11.8.5
11.8.2
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11.8.8
11.8.6
11.8.7
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237
11.9
11.9.1
1834 MW (2 x 917)
470 MW (2 x 235)
11.9.2
26,865 MW I18,641 MW II17,289 MW III12,691 MW IV
4,141 MW V79,627 MW
(Source: Central Electricity Authority, Ministry of Power, Government of India. Retrieved Jan.2017.)
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238
11.9.4
1 1590.97
2 1317.64
3 1159.76
4 1073.41
5 979.65
11.9.5
13304 49.52
2203 8.20
986 3.67
10372 38.61
26865 100.00
11.9.3
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239
11.10
11.10.1
11.10.2
35,414
9,708
12,911
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240
11.10.4
11.10.5
2015-16 2016-17
46.9
30.2
24.9
21.0
14.4
25.2
11.10.3
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11.10.6
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11.11
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243
11.12
11.13
34
BH OD AS MP UP KA WB NL MH GJ MG TN
33 32 3229
21 20 1917 17
12 12
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
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248
1. A. G. Leonard - Tamil Nadu Economy – 2006, Laxmi Publications
2. V. Rajalakshmi - Tamil Nadu Economy – 1 Jun 2002, BPI (India) PVT Ltd
https://www.ibef.org/states/tamil-nadu.aspx
https://www.quora.com/Can-Tamil-Nadu-become-the-biggest-economy-in-India
https://www.indiatoday.in › India
statisticstimes.com/economy/economy-of-tamil-nadu.php
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₹1
12
12.1
12.1.1
1
2
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12.1.2
12.1.3
12.2
12.2.1
12.2.2
2
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s s
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Qs • Qd
5 P • 100 • 5 P
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P • 10, Qd • 50, Qs • 50.
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100• 10p • 50 • 10 p
100• 50 • 20p
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12.3
y yy y
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1 3 5
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7 8 9
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2x + 3y + 1z = 32, 4x + 3y + 2z = 52, 2x + 5y +3z = 60
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dydx
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3
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3
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dx
dv
dx
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dx
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MPd TPdQ
TPQ
MCd TCdQ
MC TCQ
ΔTC
ΔQ
3
TC • 15 • 3Q2 • 7Q3
MCddQ
d QdQ
d QdQ
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TRQ
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2 1 3 1
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AVC(Q) • Q2 – 18Q • 91
AVC(Q) = 32–18(3)+9
=9–54+91
=100–54 = 46
AVC(Q) • Q Q QQ
3 218 91� �
• Q2 • 18Q • 91
10
Q
Q Q QQ
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10
AC • TCQ
MC (Q) • d TCdQ� �
• 0 • 60(1)Q1• 1 • 8(2)Q2• 1
• 0 • 60Q0 • 16Q1(Since, Q0• 1)
TR • 50Q • 4Q2
MR • d(TR)/dQ
MR • 50(1)Q1• 1 • 4(2)Q2• 1
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MR • 50 • 8Q
MR • 50 • 8(3) • 26
3
3
MC (Q) • d TCdQ� �
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• 3Q2 • 36Q1 • 91Q0 • 0
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•MC(Q)•• •3(32)• 36(3)• 91
• •3(9)• 108• 91
• •27• 108• 91
• 118• 108
• 10
3
3
AVC(Q)=TVC(Q)/Q
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12.5
Note
� � �dx
dp100 1( )P-1-1
� �100 1( )P-2
• • 100(P• 2)
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2P
dx
dp
1004
25 x 100
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2
50
100
4
200
2001
ed • • 1
� � � � � � �f x dx F x C
∫
MC • 60 • 16Q
TCQ
• •128 60 82Q Q
Q
AC • •128 60 82
128
Q
128
Q
ed • ( P
x) ( dx
dp)
e dQdP( ) P
Q( )
100
P
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P� � �100100
1
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d F xd
f xx
� ��� �� � � � , � � � � � � �f x dx F x C
∫
∫∫
∫xn dx • x
nC
n( )1
1
� � �k dx x c
∫ ∫
4 43 3x dx x dx� ���
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43 1
3 1xc
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xc
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MC • 100 • 10x • 0.1 x2
TC • 100 10x 0.1 2x d x
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20 1
3.
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3
30
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50023
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264
CS • [0
0x
p x dx]• x0p0
CS • 0
3
�(35• 2x• x2)dx• (20 3)
• 35 22 3
2 3
0
3
xx x
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• 35(3) • 2(3
2
2
) • 33
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TC • � �y dx C
• ( ) ,23 16 32x x dx C
• � � �� �23 16 32dx xdx x dx• C
• 23x• 16 x x c2
33
2 3
TC • 23x • 8x2 • x3 • C
TC • 23x• 8x2• x3 • 40
•TCx
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x
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12.6
1
2
3
4 PC, TV, Projector, Smart
Phone
5
6
P Pd s
25• Q2 • •2Q• 1
0 • • 25 • •Q2 • •2Q• 1
0 • •• 24 • •Q2 • •2Q
Q2 • •2Q • 24 • •0
Q2 • •6Q • 4Q • 24 • •0
Q(Q • •6) • 4(Q • •6) • •0
(Q • •6)(Q• 4) • •0
Pd • 25 • 42• 9;
Ps • 2(4) • 1• 9
0
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36
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Ps • (9 4) • 0
4
�( 2Q• 1)dQ
• 36 - (Q +Q)2�� ��0
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Accelerator Advertising elasticity of demandAlternative usesAnnual plan ArtAssumptionAverage costAverage productBarterBehavioural EconomicsBusinessCapability CapitalCardinal Utility AnalysisCash Reserve Ratio (CRR)Characteristics
Child sex Ratio
ClassicalCoefficientColonial capitalism Concealed unemployment, Disguised unemploymentConcentration Constant Returns to ScaleConsumerConsumer’s SurplusConsumptionContraction of demandCriticismCrop insuranceCross elasticity of demandCrude Birth rate
1000 Crude Death Rate Data /Statistics /informationDecentralization Decrease in demandDeductive MethodDefinitionDelicensingDemandDemocracy
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Demographic dividend Demonstration effectDensity of population DeterminantsDeterminantDevelopment EconomicsDevelopmentDifferential calculusDiminishing Returns to ScaleDiseconomies of ScaleDisinvestmentDismal ScienceDistributionDivision of labourDomain
Dualism
DuopolyDynamicEconomicsEconomies of scaleEconomyElasticity of demandElasticity of SupplyEmpowermenEnterpriseEntrepreneurshipEntrepreneurEnvironmental EconomicsEqual- Marginal utilityEquationEquilibriumEthicalExchangeExpansion of demandExplicit costExport promotion zoneExportExternal DiseconomiesExternal Economies of ScaleFactors of Production FactorsFactsFamine Features Finance Capital Financial Economics Fiscal reforms
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Fixed cost
Floating cost
Foreign Capital
Frictional unemployment
Gender equality
General equilibrium
Globalization
Goods / Products/ Commodities / things
Goods and services Tax(GST)
Goods sown Area
Government Spending
Green revolution
Gross National Happiness index
Gross state domestic Product
Growth
Health Economics
Human Development index
Human welfare
Hypothesis
Imitation
Imperfect competition
Implicit cost
Import
Income elasticity of demand
Income
Increase in demand
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Index
Indicators
Indifference curve
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Indifference schedule
Inductive Method
Industrialization
Industrial Policy resolution
Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)
Innovation
Integral calculus
Interest rate
Internal Economies of Scale
Investment
Invisible hand
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Iso- quants
Labour
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Land Tenure
Land use pattern
Law of variable proportions
Laws of Returns to Scale
Liberalization
Life Expectancy at Birth
Linear Equation
Liquidity preference
Literacy Ratio
Long – run
Macro – Economics
Mahalwari system
Management
Marginal cost
Marginal product
Marginal Rate of substitution
Marginal Rate of Technical Substitution
Marginal utility
Market
Material wealth
Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR)
Matrix / Matrices
Merchant Capital
Micro, small and medium Enterprises
Micro-Economics
Migration
Modern age
Monetary Reforms
Money Cost
Monopolistic competition
Monopoly
Morbidity Rate
MRTP ACT
Multiplier
National Income
Nationalization
Need
Neo – classical
Net sown Area
NITI Aayog
Nominal income/Money income
Non renewable Energy sources
Normative Science
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OligopolyOpportunity cost OrganisationParticular / partial equilibrium
Per capita income
Perfect CompetitionPerfect competitionPhysical quantity of life index
Plan Holiday
Point of inflexion / point of inflectionPolitical EconomyPositive SciencePoverty Price determinationPrice discriminationPrice Elasticity of demandPrice linePrime costPrivatization Producer’s EquilibriumProducer’s SurplusProduction Possibility curveProduction Possibility FrontierProduction Possibility ScheduleProductionPublic EconomicsPublic FinancePublic sector enterprises Quasi – rentQuotationRationalReal CostReal incomeRectangular HyperbolaRedeemable Energy Regional development Rent
Repo rate Repurchase Rate
Reserve Requirements
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Risk bearingRisk
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Rolling Plan
Ryotwari system
Savings
Scale
Scarcity
Scope
Secularism
Self – Help Groups
Services
Sex ratio
Shift in demand curve
Short –run
Skewed distribution
Slope
Social Cost
Social Infrastructure
Social justice
Special Economic Zone
Static equilibrium
Statutory Liquidity Ratio(SLR)
Structural unemployment
Sunk cost
Super Multiplier
Supply
Tangible
Tax
Theories
Total cost
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In-House
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