Nharaunda

Vanhuvanogaramudunhurimwechetekanavanhuvanematambudzikoakafanana.

Zviwanikwa

Izvi zvingava zvicherwa, ivhu, miti, masango, mhukadzesango,mvuranezvimwezvakadaro,zviwanikwaizvizvikasashandiswanemazvozvinogonakupera.

KutongwaKwakanakaKwezviwanikwaZvinosanganisirakutindevapivanokwanisakushandisauye vane masimba maererano nemashandisirwoanoitwazviwanikwa.

HutungamiririHwakanakaMukushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvinotarisirwa kutivatungamiri vaite mabasa avo pachena nenzirayakajekera uye inobatsira vanhu vese, vachitevedzapfungwa dzevanhu uye vachipa vanhu vese mukanawekutaurazvavanodanetarisirodzavo.

Nhanganyaya

Donzvo rekurudziro ino ndeyekuti vagari venharaunda vave nechikamu chavanobata mukushandiswa kunoitwazviwanikwa zviri munzvimbo mavo. Zviwanikwa zvinosanganisira ivhu, zvicherwa, mvura, mhuka, matombo, mitinemasangonezvimwewozvakasiyanasiyanandihwohupfumihwenyikahwakakosha.Naizvozvokushandiswakanakutikumorwakwezviwanikwakunofanirwakuunzapundutsomumagariroevanhunebudiriromunzvimbo.

Kubva pasichigare vanhu vaivimba nezviwanikwa kuwana raramo. Zvisinei kupinda kwemakambani makurunekutengeswakumisikakwezviwanikwazvakonzerakutikodzeronemagariroevanhuakanganisike.Panedzimwenhambovagari venzvimbo vari kutopinzwa muhurombo zvisinei nekuti zviwanikwa zvemunzvimbo mavo zviri kumorwazvichiwanisamarikunevarikuzvimora.

Nhoroondo Yekushandiswa Kwezviwanikwa mu Zimbabwe

NyikayeduyeZimbabweinehupfumihwakawandakwazvonezvicherwazvakawandazvakaitasegoridhe,simbi,koromo,matombo mashava nematema, miti, hove, mhuka dzesango nezvimwe zvakawanda zvatisingakwanisi kudoma zvesemuchinyorwa chino. Zvakakosha kuve neyeuchidzo yekuti zviwanikwa zvikasashandiswa nemazvo zvinogona kuperazvachose. Zimbabwe ine mhando dzezvicherwa dzinopfuura makumi mana (40) uye makambani madiki nemakuruanopfuura mazana masere (800) vari kuita mabasa ekuchera zviwanikwa munyika muno. Nyangwe zvakadarozvinoonekwakutiruzhinjirwevanhumuZimbabwehavasikuwanapundutsokubvamukushandiswakwezviwanikwa.

Dudziro Yemanzwi

§ Nyoraipasizviwanikwazvirimunharaundamenyu

§ Domaimakambaniarikumorazviwanikwamunharaundamenyu.

zvekuita:

Zimbabwe Coalition on Debt and Development

MUNONGEDZO WEVAGARI VENHARAUNDA

kuti vave nechokuita mushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zviri munharaunda mavo

Investing in PeopleFor Social and Economic Justice

Nharaunda Inei Nechokuita Mukutongwa Kwezviwanikwa?

SanganoreZimbabweCoalitiononDebtandDevelopment(ZIMCODD)rinokoshesazvikurukutivagarivenharaundavapindemuzvirongwa zvine chekuita nekodzero dzavo sevanhu,uye kodzero dzezvehupfumi nemagariro akanaka. Kuburikidza nebumbiro remitemo reZimbabwe vanhu vanofanirwa kupiwa mikana yekupa pfungwa dzavo mukurongwa, kuitwanekuongororwa kwezvirongwa zvemunharaunda kusanganisira mashandisirwo anoitwa zviwanikwa. Bumbiro remitemorenyikayeZimbabwe,ChikamuChechina(Chapter4)rinoratidzazvizerekodzerodzevanhudzinofanirwakuzadziswa.Kodzeroidzidzinosanganisiramukatikodzerodzeruzhinjipamwenematongerwoenyika,kodzeroyemagariroevanhunehupfumi,tsika,nekodzerodzezvakatikomberedza(Civil,Political,Social,Economic,CulturalandEnvironmentalRights).Kodzerodzevanhudzinogonakupatsanurwadzichiiswamumapokamatatu;

i)KodzeroDzeruzhinjiPamweNematongerwoEnyika(CivilandPoliticalRights): Dzinosanganisirakodzeroyehupenyu,kuvhotanekupindamunezvematongerwoenyika.

ii)KodzeroDzemagariroEvanhu,HupfumiNetsika(Social,EconomicandCulturalRights): Dzinobatamagariroevanhuzuvanezuva,kusanganisirakuwanamvurayakachena,hutano,dzidzo,kushandamabasaanowanisahupfumi.

iii)KodzeroDzezvakatikomberedza(EnvironmetalRights):Dzinobatakushandiswakwezviwanikwanenzirayakafanirainoitakutizviwanikwazvirambezvichibatsiravanhu.

Kodzerodzoseidzidzinobatanazvakanyanyakuunzamagariroakanakanezvehupfuminekuderedzahurombomuvanhu.

Sei Nharaunda Ichifanirwa Kuve Nechokuita Mukutongwa Kwezviwanikwa.

§ Vagarivenharaundandivovanogonakutsetsenurazvavanodamukuraramakwavo,uyekutongakutizvirikuzadzikiswaherekanakutikwete.Naizvozvozvakakoshakutimunhuweseavenechokuitanazvouyeinzwirakerichinzwikwa.

§ Nharaundainoumbwanevanhuvakasiyanasiyanavanemafungiro,mazanonetarisirodzakasiyana.Kukokorodzavanhuinzira inoita kuti ruzivo rwevanhu vakasiyana siyana, uye zvido zvavo zvive zvinogamuchirika zvichibva kumapokaakasiyana siyana munharaunda anosanganisira vanhukadzi nevarume, vechidiki, vakwegura, vakaremara nevasina,vemarudzikanamutauroyakasiyana.

§ Kanavanhuvakawandavainechekuitanezvezviwanikwamunharaundayavozvinopamushandirapamwemunharaundanekuchengetedzwakwezviwanikwa.

Kushaiswa mikana yekubatira pamwe muzvirongwa zvenharaunda zvinoita kuti vamwe vasarire vari kunze zvowedzerahurombonekushayasimbamuvanhu.

Mitemo Inobata Kushandiswa Kwezviwanikwa muZimbabwe

Kuzivamitemoinobatamashandisirwoezviwanikwazvinobatsirakutimitemoigadziriswenekuvandudzwakuitirakutivanhuvawanezvinobatikakubvamuzviwanikazvenyika.Imweyemitemoinobatazvezviwanikwandeiyi;

§ MinesandMineralsAct ForestAct§ IndigenisationandEconomicEmpowermentAct MineralsMarketingCorporationofZimbabweAct§ Regional,TownandCountryPlanningAct RuralDistrictCouncilAct§ UrbanCouncilsAct ZimbabweWaterAct§ EnvironmentalManagementAct

Kazhinji zhinji munzvimbo dzine zviwanikwa vanhu vanosangana nedambudziko rekuparadzwa nekukanganiswakwenharaunda zvichibva mumabasa ekumora zviwanikwa kunenge kuchiitwa nemakambani nevanhu kunyangwe zvazvopasinazvinobatikazvinosaramunharaunda.Nyayadzakafanananekukanganisikakwezviwanikwanemagariroevanhuhadzisikunyatso ongororwa zvakakwana panoitwamabasa ekumora zviwanikwa. Naizvozvo zvakakosha kuti vagari venharaundavawanechokuitamukurongamashandisirwoanoitwazviwanikwakuburikidzanezvinotevera;

a)PanotangwaWongororoNemakambaniMamwemakambani ane tsika yekutanga kutsvaga zvicherwa pasina hurukuro nevagari venzvimbo, zvakakosha kuti pavenenhaurirano yakajeka vemakambani vachizivisa vagari zvavari kuda kuita. Vatungamiriri venharaunda vakaita seNhengodzedarereparamende,vekanzuru,nevatungamiririvepasichigarenevagarivesevenharaundavanebasarekuvazisorenzvimbonaizvozvovanofanirwawokuziviswa.ParizvinomutemoweMinesandMineralsActsezvaurihaunakunyatsorurama,urikupamasimba akawandisa kune gurukota re zvemigodhi mukupa mvumo kumakambani. Mukutevedza zviga zvekutongwakwakanaka kwezviwanikwa zvakakosha kuti zvibvumiranopakati pe hurumemendenemakambani zviitwepachena vanhuvachibatsira kuongorora zviga zvinofanirwa kuzotevedzwa. Izvi zvinobatsirawo kuderedza huwori hupfumi hwenyikahwochengetedzekanekubatsiraveruzhinji.

Makambani asati atanga kuchera vanosungirwa kuita ongororo ye Environmental Impact Assessment iyo inotarisa kuti

n

n

n

n

zviwanikwanenharaundazvichakanganisikakanakuvandudzikaseikubvamumabasaavachangevachiitauyezviizvingaitwekuderedza kukanganisika kungavepo kuburikidza nemabasa avo.Mukuitwa kweongororo idzi zvakakosha kuti vagarivenharaundavavenechokuitasezvovariivovanozivanzvimboyavozvakanyanyakupfuuravekunze.Kanakambaniyatangamabasavanhuvenharaundavanofanirwakurambavachiongororakanakambaniisirikutyorazvayakavimbisakuita.

b)PanotangaMakambaniKushandiraMunzvimboVagari venharaunda vanokurudzirwa kuramba vari munhaurirano vachifambidzana nemakambani ari munzvimbo mavovachionesanazvirikuitikazvakaitasekukanganisikakwenharaundakuitirakutizvigadziriswenekukurumidza.Semuenzanisokukanganiswakwemvura,mweya,kuraswakwemararapanzvimbodzisinakukodzera,kukanganiswakwehutano,kuparadzwakwemindanemafurouyekutiizvizvirikuvhiringidzaseimararamiroevanhu.

Kananepozvakakoshakutivatungamiririvezvirongwazvebudiriromunzvimbo,vatungamiririvepasichigare,vamiririmudarereparamemendenevanhuvarongemisinganoyehurukuro.Hazvifanirwekutorwasekutivatungamiririndivovegavanotaurapamusoropenharaundazvekutivamwevanhuvesehavachanzwikepfungwanezvidozvavo.Nhauriranoidzodzinofanirwakuitamukutaurirananekupanamazanokwakanaka.

c)PanovharwaMugodhiPanezvikonzerozvakawandazvinoitakutimakambaniavhare,sokutizviwanikwazvinogonakuperakanakutimitengopamisikainodzika zvekuti basa harichagoni kuenderera mberi sezvakaitika nemigodhi ye Empress Gold Mine, Kamativi Mine neShabhanieMineneimwewo.Panovharwamugodhinharaundanevashandihavanyanyikucherechedzwakutiramangwanaravorinozovei.Nharaundainogonakusiiwayakakanganisikasemuenzansomakombaanosaraasinakuvharwazvopanjodzikuvagarinezvipfuwo. Zvakakosha kuti pagare paine hurongwa hunozivikanzwa nemakambani, hurumemende nenharaunda kutipakuvharwakwemugodhizvinhuzvichafambiswasei.

d)MasanganoekupaNharaundaMugoveKubvaMukushandiswaKwezviwanikwa(CommunityShareOwnershipTrusts)Hurongwahwemasanganoekupanharaundamigovemukanawekutivagarivenharaundavawanepundutsouyekuvanechokuitamukushandiswakwezviwanikwanemakambaniarimunzvimbodzavo.Zvakakoshakutivagarivavenechokuitamukufambiswakwemabasaemapokaayasezvizvi;

KupaMazanoNepfungwaMaereranoNezvirongwaZvebudiriro (Projects) - Zvirongwazvinoitwanebokaremugovezvinofanirwa kubva kuvanhu. Vashandi ne vatungamirira veboka vanotarisirwa kupa vanhu mukana wekutauramatambudzikoavanodakutiagadziriswemunharaundamavokutiupenyuhwavohwuwandudzike.

MafambisirwoemariYebokaRemugove-zvakakodzerakutivagarivemunharaundavazivemaridzapiwakubokauyekutiichashandiswasei.

KushandaNenziraYakajekaZviriPachena(Accountability)–kushandazviripachenazvinosanganisirakuzivisanazvirikuitikanezvirikurongwa.Vashandivebokaremugovenevatungamiririvanotarisirwakuzivisamashandiroavanengevachiita,kutengwa kwezvinhu nekupa mabasa zvichiitwa nenzira yejekerere kuti pasave nekurasikirwa nemari kuburukidzanemabasaehuwori.

KuitaMabasaPazvirongwaZveboka-vagarivenharaundavanogonawokuparuzivonehunyanzvihwavokubokarenzvimboyavovachiitamabasapanekutibokaritsvagemakambaniekunze.SemuenzanisobokaremugovereShurugwiCommunityShareOwnershipTrustrakakwanisakuvakadzimbadzevakotimbirivachishandisavavakivemudunhumavovakashandisamari yakaenzana neyavakange vabhadhara kambani kuti ivake imba imwe chete. Izvi zvinoreva kuti boka remugoverinokwanisakuitazvirongwazvebudirirozvakawandanekuchengetedzamari.

Ruzivo Pamusoro Pekukokorodza Veruzhinji Kuti Vave NechokuitaPakokorodzoyekutimunhuweseavenechekuitapazvirongwazvenharaundazvakakoshakutivanhuvazivezvirikuitika.Zvidobi zvakawanda zvinogona kushandiswa kuti vanhu vazive zviri kuitikamunzvimbo zvakaita se kupa zvinyorwapaimba neimba, panzvimbo dzinoungana vanhu dzekutandarira, nzvimbo dzema bhizimisi, muzvikoro, zvipatara,makereke,nemunziradzinofambanevanhu.

zvekuita:§ Tsananguraikufambidzanakwamurikuitanenhauriranodziriponemakambaniarikushandamunharaundayenyu.§ Kurukuriranaizvakanakanezvakashatazvamurikusangananazvokubvamukumorwakurikuitwazviwanikwa

munharaundayenyu

§ Zivaikunemahofisieboka,vashandi,nhengodzinotungamirirabokauyenguvadzinoitwamisanganoyekurongamafambisirwoebasareboka.

§ Nyatsozivaimiganhuyenzvimboinobatwanebokaremugove.§ Mabasaebudiriroakaitwa,arikuitwauyekutibokarinotambiraseipfungwakubvakuvanhu.

Zvinofanirwa Kuzivikanwa Pamusoro Peboka Remugove Wenharaunda

ZIMCODD Contact DetailsHead Office:226 Samora Machel Ave, Eastlea, HarareTel: +263-4-776830Email: zimcodd@zimcodd.co.zw

Investing in PeopleFor Social and Economic Justice

Twitter: Zimbabwe Coalitionon Debt and Development

Handle: @zimcodd1

Facebook: Zimbabwe Coalitionon Debt and Development

Account: Zimcodd Zimcodd

Kufambisa Mashoko Nenhaurirano

Mashoko anogona kufambiswa nekutaurirana pamisangano kana mukufambidzana kunoita vanhu.Itai kuti mashokoechokwadiagareachifambiswanevanhuvakavimbika,zvinogonakupiwasechizivisokumakereke,pagunganoremumushakana muzvikoro. Zvakakosha kufambisa mashoko nenhaurirano kutsigira zvinyorwa zvinenge zvapiwa sekuti vanhuvanonyanyakucherechedzazvavanzwakudarikazvekuverenga.

Zivo Pamusoro Penhaurirano

Pakugadzirisa zvinhu munharaunda zvinokosha kuti pave nenhaurirano inorunzira shanduko pamamiriro ezvinhumurunyararo.Nhauriranoyakanakainovepokanavanhuvachifambisamashokozvakanaka,vachizivazvinodakugadziriswanekukokorodzanakuitamushandirapamwesenharaundakugadzirisamatambudziko.

Mushandirapamwepakuitazvinhunekutoramatanhounobudakanapainekujekeseranapamusoropezvinodakuitwa,mikanakana zvimhingaidzo zvinogonakukanganisanhaurirano.Ngazvivepachenakuti ndezvipi zviri kudakuitwa semuenzanisokuwedzerwakwemiterokumakambaniarikumorazviwanikwa,kuburitswakwemashokopamusoropemakambaniawa,kuiswakwemitemo nezvisungo zvinoita makambani atenge zvekushandisa munharaunda dzavari nekuwanisa vagari vemudunhumikanapamabasa.

Munhaurirano zvinokosha kuti pave nemutauriri akavimbika, anogona kunyatsotsanangura zvido zvenharaunda uyeanechiremerera. Zvakakoshawo zvekare kushandisa mashoko ane chekuita nenyaya iri kuda kugadziriswa kuitira kutidambudzikonemazanoarikupiwazvijeke.

Kushandisa Misangano Nemitambo Kuita Nhaurirano

Pakugadzirisa nyaya dzese dzabva kunharaunda munogona kuronga misangano nemitambo yehurukuro. Zvingabatsirepakurongamusanganounobudirira;

Kushandisa Misangano nemitambo kuita nhaurirano

§ Taurirainekukokavesevanechekuitanenyayadzezvekutongwakwezviwanikwa,kusarudzanguvayakafaniranenzvimboyakasunungukakunevakokwa.

§ Gadziraizvichadakukurukurwa(agenda)pachinenguva,zvinobatsirakutsvagaruzivonemashokopamusoropenyayadzichakurukurwa.

§ Kanazvichienderanakukokavedzinhauvauyewopamusangano.§ Zvakakoshakuchengetedzanguvadzekutanganekupedzamusangano§ Zvinokoshakuzivavanhuvachauyanekugadzirirakutivachataurwanavosei.

ZIMCODDinemuwonowekutinharaundadzipindemukutongwakwezviwanikwakuitirakuvandudzamagarironezvehupfumikuvanaveZimbabwe.MaringenebumbiroremitemorenyikayeZimbabwekodzerodzezvemararironehupfumidzakakosha.Hupfumihwenyikayeduhurimuzviwanikwazvakawandazvatiinazvonaizvozvozvakakoshakuti zviwanikwazvisimudzirenekupedzahurombokuvanaveZimbabwe.

1.http://www.constituteproject.org/constitutuion/Zimbabwe_2013.pdf(accessed15July2016)2.http://www.who.int/chp/advocay/chp.manual.EN-webfinal.pdf(accessed15July2016)3.http://www.socialventures.com.au/sva-quarterly/seven-steps-to-effective-advocacy(accessed18July2016)4.ZELA(2014)CommunityRightsandEngagementwithMiningCompanies.ZimbabweEnvironmentalLawAssociation,Harare5.ZIMCODD(2015)TrainingManualonActivismintheExtractiveSector.ZIMCODD,Harare.6.USAID,2015;GuidelinesforLearningandApplyingtheNaturalResourceGovernanceToolinLandscapesandSeascapes.

Mareferenzi

Bulawayo Office:2nd Floor ZIMDEF House,East Wing,Cnr Fort Street/ 9th Avenue, BulawayoTel: +263-9-886594/5Email: zimcoddbyo@gmail.com

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