المادة العلمية للخطوط الهوائية
DESCRIPTION
المادة العلمية للخطوط الهوائيةTRANSCRIPT
11 .
:-
: -
- :-
( )
- :-
.
: -
.
:-
: .
:
1-
500- 220 .
2-
132 66 - 33 .
3-
22 - 11 .
4-
1 .
:-
.
: -
1-
Cost
:-
Fixed Cost
Running Cost .
( ) .
2-
3- ( 2-4 :
1 -
4 -
7 -
2 -
5 -
3 -
6 -
2-4-1
2-4-1-1
2-4-1-1-1
2-4-1-1-2
2-4-1-1-3
2-4-1-1-4
2-4-1-1-5 : : :
: ( ) 2.5 3 : 20 30 ( )
2-4-1-2 :
2-4-1-2-1 :
2-4-1-2-2 :
2-4-1-2-3 :
2-4-1-2-4 :
2-4-1-2-5 : ...
11 .
**********************************
1-
2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7-
1- Poles Or Towers
*
9/12
3 22 .
1 1.5
2
10/12
6 4
12 11 .
1 1.8
2
1
11/12
10/12
11/12
3 4
6 11 .
3 22 .
1 1.8
2 12/15
6 22 .
1
2
13/21
*
5/12
3
6/12
30o
1
12
6 3
7/12
60o
1
12
6 3
7/12
6
3 3
3 8/15
3
+ 2
3 .
Insulator
:
:-
1- High Mechanical Stress
2-
High Electrical Resistance
3 ( )
4-
5 -
6-
: -
1-
2- 3-
1- :-
22 . .
:-
.
" " :
.
: -
:-
.
2- :- Disc lnsulator 11 . Soket Ball 22 . .
.
22 . .
: -
1- : -
2- :-
.
.
3- : Flash . Over ( ) . .
: -
1-
2- 3- 4- .5- .
Conductors
High elect. Conductivity 99.5 % Al. conductor steel reinforced .
35/6 2 70/12 2 95/15 2 120 /21 2 150/25 2
: -
1- 35/6 2 70/12 2 5 15 .
2- 150/25 2 20 .
( - ) .
:-
1-
resistance
2-
inductance3-
capacitnance
4-
leakage
ACSR :-
1- .
.
2-
3- 4- ( / 2 )5- ( 2 / )
:- Tension clamp : - : -
:- 3 4 3 4
.
3 :-
6 3 u .
4 :-
8 4 .
. :-
3 6000
4 9000
:-
.
3 50 2 .
5 .
1- .
2- .
- ....... :-
1- Vertical mounting switch 2- Horizontal mounting switch
200
400
630
: - 1- .
2- 3 .3- 9 .4- :- - Operation Handel - 2 .
5- .6- : .
33 / 11 66/11 .
1- :- : -
. .
:- 1- ( ).2- ( ) . 3- ( ) - .
2- : -
1- .
2- .
3 - :-
Profiles .4- :-
20 .
5- :- Erection of tower
:-
.
. 30 20 24 .
5/12
" "1.1 1.1 1.9 20 50 20 0.8 30.43200
6/12 30 o" "1.2 1.2 1.9 20 50 20 0.8 30.43250
7/12 60 o" "1.2 1.2 1.9 20 50 20 0.8 30.43250
7/12
" "1.2 1.2 1.9 20 50 20 0.8 30.43250
7/12 " "1.2 1.2 1.9 20 50 20 0.8 30.43250
8/15 " "1.1 1.1 2.2 20 50 20 0.8 30.43250
:
9/12
" "1.1 1.1 1.9 20 50 20 0.8 30.43200
10/1211/12
1.21.2 1.9 20 50 20 0.8 30.43250
11/12 " "1.21.2 1.9 20 50 20 0.8 30.43250
12/15 " "1.1 1.1 2.2 20 50 20 0.8 30.43250
13/21 " "1.21.22.2 20 50 20 0.8 30.43250
2-4-1-3 :
/ 2 1
/ ( )
35/6612.72.71391271
50/8613.23.21961785
70/12613.993.993022610
95/152672.11.653683416
120/212672.451.95505
6- :- Stringing of conductors
: -
1- 3 Rollers Cross Arm .
2- ( ) .3- .4- 2 .
7- :- Sagging ( ) 6 .
1-
( )
2-
( )
3-
( - )
4- sag
( )
: " sag "
.
: " span "
( )
: " clearance "
paropale
= = 8- :- Jumpering of conductors Tie wire Performed tie wire .
.
1- : Joint
.2- : Clamp
.
1- Performed tie wire
2- ( ) .
Comparison between main feeders and lateral O . H . L main feeder lateral
1 150/252
120/212 35/6 2 70/122
2
3 630 A 400 A 200 A 200 A D.O.F
4 ( ) ( )
( 4 ) =
( ) .
150 / 25 2 85
70 / 12 2 100
35 / 6 2 120
1 Leaning of Tower-
Alligment of Line-
2 Leaning of insulators-
3 Leaning - Cross Arm
4 Up lift of conductor-
-
5 .-
The jumpers are very loose and near the tower
6
Clearence of conctuctor is not sufficient - 6
.- 9
7 Right of way -
.
600 1
2300 1
6600 1
10000 1.07
20000 1.14
22000 1.14
:-
: -
1- .
2- .3- .4- .5- .6- ( Cross - Arm ) .7- : - -
.
- ( )
.
8- :
9- : .
1- .
2- .3- .4- .5- .6- .
Earthing************
:-
********************
:-
Types of faults occures in over head lines1- 1- phase to ground short circuit 2- 2 - phase to phase short circuit 3- 2 3 - phase to phase to ground short circuit4- 3
4 - 3 phase short circuit5- 3 5 - 3 phase to ground short circuit
.
11 .
1- :
2// 50 2 .
2- :
70 2 14 2// 1 .
1 1 3 .
70 2 ( ) 5 ( ) .
3- :- Temporary Earthing
.
3 50 2 3 .
( ) .
2-3
- 15 2 - 60 IP 55 4252 - - - -
( ) 8 : 12: 15 :
12 : 15
16 10 .
3 3 2
100 4
8 3 4 6 8 5 2
4 25 2 300
( 10 - 20 )
150 / 8
350 / 8
500 / 8
750 / 8 90
IP 54 / 250 / 400 / /
:
0.4 ..
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6. ...
2.5 2 1 :0.8
0.4
250
150/8 12050 20 20 50 0.8 3 0.43250
350/8
12060 20 20 50 0.8 3 0.43250
500/8
120 60 20 20 50 0.8 3 0.43250
( ( )
90 750 ( 750 /8 ) 500 ( 500 / 8 ) 500 ( 500 / 8 )
3 :
( )
30 5 ( ... ) :
35 2 16 2 ( )
7.5 % 220 204 236 39 45
:
( ) ( ) ( )
27 28
:-
:
5 3.5 1.5 1 26 26 2 2.5 100 2 100
1. 2. 1.25 3. 2 1 :
1. 2. 2 3.
1. 2. ( ) 1
1- 6 2- 22 - 66 .. 11 6 .. 3- 33 - 66 .. 3 11 .. 2 4- :-
( )
( ) 10 4 20 10 4 5 410 305 10 4 10 410 40 10 10 4 60 :-
5 33 66 .. 1000
4 11 .. 1000
5- :-1. 2.5 11 ..2. 4 33 ..3. 5 66 ..6- ( )
35 2 1.25 380/220 1.25
:-
1. 1 ( ) 2. 2
3. 5
4. 1
2 1
1. 5 25 2. 2 5
:-
1.
2. 1.5
1. 5 2. 1.5
10
16 2 25 2
35 2 50 2
70 2
1. .
2. .3. 24 4. 5. 24 6. 50 20 7. 8. 9. 5
3 70 + 35 2
3 95 + 50 23 120 + 70 2 3 150 + 70 23 185 + 95 23 240 + 120 2
3 25 + 2 16
3 35 + 2 25
3 50 + 2 35
3 70 + 2 50
1. 3 16 19 150/8
2. 4 16 19 350 /83. 6 16 19 500/ 8
1. 8 16 2 2. 10 35 23. 14 50 70 2
Vertical rod
Insulator
Insulator
Phase coupling tupe
2
8
2
8
..
.
..
.
R
S
T
GROUND
3 252 R - S - T + 2 16 2
3 35 2 R - S - T + 2 25 2
3 50 2 R - S - T + 2 35 2
3 70 2 R - S - T + 2 50 2
11 .
PAGE 51