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FIDIC :"" " Fdration Internationale Des Ingnieurs-Conseils

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PCU :Palestinian Contractors Union .( )

PMI : Project Management Institute ( ) .

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Causes of Delay in Construction Projects in Hebron Municipality

Prepared by

Mohammad I. A. AbuHamdieh

Supervised by

Dr. Suhail S. Sultan

Abstract

Hebron Municipality has a problem in finishing the construction projects in due time which

has a negative impact on the success of these projects such as, exceeding the time limit,

increasing the cost estimates. These negative effects reflect themselves on the different

spheres of life and the whole society in general. It is important to investigate this

phenomenon in the period between 2010-2014 through studying the causes behind it.

This research aimed to investigate the main causes of delay in the completion of construction projects in Hebron Municipality in Palestine, and to identify the average of time overrun. It

also analyzed and ranked the most important causes of delay according to their frequency of

occurrence, degree of severity and the important index from the point of view of contractors

and consultants.

The method used for the analysis was mixed method research design (quantitative &

qualitative) as a research approach for this research, while the interview tool and case study

were selected to collect qualitative data and a questionnaire tool has been designed to collect

the quantitative data. The field survey of a questionnaire contained (69) possible causes for

the delay categorized into four major groups. The questionnaire was distributed to the sample

of the study that included 24 participants, which is at the same time the population. The

population included (16) contractors and (8) eight consultants which represents two main

parties in construction projects, and the interview tool was selected to studying two cases

with two projects exposed to time and cost overrun.

The research showed delay in many construction projects conducted for Hebron Municipality during the period between 2010-2014, where there was a delay in ( 38) projects

out of (74), and this represent (51.4%) of the projects. Moreover, the study indicated

that average of time overrun is between (10% and 30%) of the original time of the projects.

The study also showed that (41.7%) of the respondents believe that the main reason of the

delay is the contractor. However, the results concluded that the following are the top five

delay causes arranged according to the importance index:

1. The delay in paying the financial dues to contractors by the client. 2. Award project to lowest bid price (selecting the contractor who has the lowest bid). 3. The delay in due payments to the suppliers by contractor. 4. Difficulties in financing the project by the contractor.

5. Dispute with neighbors.

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: " 3002( .la te demhA ( "

noitcurtsnoC adirolF eht fo ydutS feirB A :noitcurtsnoC ni syaleD" "yrtsudnI

( ) (

)

35

) : 1) (14 (

. %11.1) 13) (213 (

) 21 (

:

) %44 : (

)11( ) 41 ( ) %41 () 1 (

) 1 ( )44( )14( .

. : " 2002( heniattaB dna hedO ( "stcartnoc lanoitidart :yaled noitcurtsnoc fo sesuaC"

) 211) (21) (221 (

) 11) (11) (121 ( ) 11 (

) : 1(

45

.

:

.

: " " 0002( inamoM-lA ( "sisylana evitatitnauq a :yaled noitcurtsnoC"

(231) ) 1111- 2111 (

.

.

" 9991( ylfahG-lA dna lilahK-lA ( "

"aibarA iduaS ni stcejorp ytilitu cilbup ni yaled fo sesuac tnatropmI"

) 1) (21 (

) 21) (21 (

55

) 11 ( .

)( :

.

.

.

" 8991( liwaT dna rehzeM ( "

"nonabeL ni yrtsudni noitcurtsnoc eht ni syaled fo sesuaC"

) 21 (

: ( ) ) 21) (41(

65

: .

) 11) (11 () 21 ( .

.

, ,

).4.) ((

4.4.2

4002( iqlaF( 6002( ,ijjeH-lA & fassA( rajjaN-lA(

(1) 8002( )3( )2121 (

-lA ( )231( 0002( inamoM .

()

75

-lA(()5991 ,.la te fassA( ;4002 ,iqlaF( ;)7991( ymawsaramuK dna nahC ;)9991 ,ylfahG-lA & lilahK

ymagoblA ;7002 ,.la te irabhgalA ;8002 ,rajjaN-lA(()8991 ,liwaT & rehzeM siewS ;4102 ,sasaR-lE & kuozraM( ;)6002( ijjeH-lA dna fassA ;)2102 ,.la te

)1121 2121 8002 ,.la te 2002( ,heniattaB & hedO(

2102( .la te dimahaM( zazaK( 3002( .la te demhA(

2102( A

(11) 5991( .la te fassA(

(31) 7991( ymawsaramuK & nahC( 2002( heniattaB & hedO(

(11) 2102( A zazaK( (211) 8002( ,rajjaN-lA(

)43 ( .

0002( ,inamoM-lA( 5991( .la te fassA(

.la te irabhgalA 4002( ,iqlaF( 3002( .la te demhA( siewS( ))7002

8002( .la te 9991( ylfahG-lA & lilahK-lA( 2002( heniattaB & hedO(

.

inalhoK-lA( 8002( ,rajjaN-lA( 4991( ,.la te dleifsnaM(

85

9002( .

.

4.4.9

:

.

:

.

.

4121 2121 .

.

95

:

4.0

.

:

.

4.4

)1991 (

( ngiseD hcraeseR dohteM dexiM ),

.

4.4

)5891 ,relgnuH & tiloP(

:

06

: .

.) ( : :

) (

.4121 2121 :

) SSPS-secneicS laicoS rof egakcaP lacitsitatS ( . ) LECXE(

. :

16

) ( ): 4.0(

26

4.2

4.2.0

( ( ) ( ) )

( )

2020 2020

, ( )

, : .0

2014 1014 .4

2014 1014 .4

2014 1014 .2

2014 1014

2221 3.2.2.2 2221

) 3.4.1 (

)3.4.1 (

4121 2121

36

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2221 2221 3.2.2.1

) 3.4.1 ( :

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3

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46

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56

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.

): 4.2(

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.

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1

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.

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:

9

423

12

611

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%01

%02

%03

%04

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%06

%07

%08

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96

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) .11 (

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2020 2020

, ( )

2020 2020

.2020 2020 4.2.4

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) 13 ( ) 41( .

:

07

) : 4.2(

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:

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27

) 3.4.1 (

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:

): 4.1(

) (

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%110 24

4121 2121

) 11( 4121 2121

. ) 1(

): 4.7(

%7.66

%3.33

37

4121 2121

) %3.33( )%1.11( .

): 4.7(

1

%1.11 11 1 21 12

%1.11 1 1 1 61 1

3

%3.1 1 1 1 1

%110 24 9 10 94

) 11( 4121 2121

) 13 ( 4121 2121

) 13 ( ) 1(

.

4.9

:

47

:

""

.

:

4121 2121

4121 2121 ( )

.

4.1

)3.1 (

( ) )( ,

4121 2121

)(

)1221 (

57

.

) ( ): 4.9(

)( )4991 ,.la te dleifsnaM( 0 )5991 ,.la te fassA( 4 )7991 ,ymawsaramuK & nahC( 4 )8991 ,liwaT & rehzeM( 2 )9991 ,ylfahG-lA & lilahK-lA( 9 )0002 ,inamoM-lA( 1 )2002 ,heniattaB & hedO( 7 )3002 ,.la te demhA( 9 )4002 ,iqlaF( 9

)6002 ,ijjeH-lA & fassA( 10 )7002 ,.la te irabhgalA( 00 1 )8002 ,rajjaN-lA( 40 )8002 ,.la te siewS( 40 3 )2121 ( 20 )1121 ( 90 )2102 ,.la te ymagoblA( 10 )2102 ,.la te dimahaM( 70 )2102 ,A zazaK( 90 )4102 ,sasaR-lE & kuozraM( 90

() 4.1.0

3.2.2.2 :

67

) ( .1 .

. .1 .3

) 11( ) 111( " "

" "

" "

. )( .4

)(

.

)ydutS toliP( .1

.) (

)( 3.2.2.1 )1121 ( 4002( iqlaF(

77

) ( :

: 4121 2121 : ) 3) (1 (

%13 %23 %21 %21 ( %221 %221 %11 %21 .)

%21 %11 (

%11 .)

.) (

: :

) 11( : )4002 ,iqlaF(

) 4( )1121 ( 4002( iqlaF(

) 1 ( .

87

) :4.9(

1

3 0

44 1 4 1 4 11 2 3 9

9 1 1 2 40 31 7 3

4 4 9

90 11 9 91 91

: ,

: )0 )13( ) 1 ( : -

) 3( ) 1 ( : . . -

) 1( ) 4 ( : . . -

) 41( ) 21 ( : . . -

97

) 11 ( : . . - ) 11(

) 23 ( : . . - ) 13(

: )4 )33 (

. - )14( : )4

( ) . - )41( ) 14(

: )2(

- )11( ) 11 ( ) :

) 11 ( : - . - ) 11(

- ) 11) (11 ( : - .

: .4121 2121

3.2.2.3

4002( iqlaF( 9991( ylfahG-lA & lilahK-lA( )1121 ( )2121 ( 6002( ijjeH-lA dna fassA( 4102( sasaR-lE dna kuozraM( 2102( .la te ymagoblA(

: )ecnerruccO fo ycneuqerF( :

08

) ( : .

. : ): 4.10(

)ecnerruccO fo ycneuqerF( 1 1 3 4 1

) )ytireveS fo eergeD

: (

. )

. : ): 4.00(

)ytireveS fo eergeD( 1 1 3 4 1

18

() 4.1.4

)3.4.1 ( 2121

.)4.1 ( 4121

)( 4.1.4

4121 2121

() ( )

.

4.1.2

3.2.2.2

)3691 ,yelnatS & llebpmaC( )ytidilaV tnetnoC(

)2( ) (

:

28

)3(

.

3.2.2.1

)1991 ,relleZ & senimraC(

) ahpla s'hcabnorC(

lacitsitatS )SSPS( : secneicS laicoS rof egakcaP

) ( ): 4.40(

( )

( )

211.2 231.2 3 1 .0111 111.2 1 1 .0111 .0131 1 3 .0111 .0211 11 4 .0111 .0411 3 1

1

.0411 .0131 1

.0431 .0431 31 1

1

.0111 .0111 4

38

( )

( )

.0111 .0231 11 1 .0131 211.2 11

) 600.6- .0610 ( ) 380.6 ( )00.6(

)60.6( )3002 ,narakeS(

.

4.1.9

:

- - .1

) ( .

.1

. .3

4121 2121

) ( . 4121 2121

48

.4 )41(

) 11 (

4111 )41 (

) 11 (

.

.1 .

4.7

)22 SSPS-ecneicS laicoS rof egakcaP lacitsitatS(

)3102 LECXE(

.

:

.1 ) serusaeM citsitatS evitpircseD(

.

:)xednI ycneuqerF( .1 : )ecnerruccO fo ycneuqerF (

)0 ( ................ 1/001 )N/n( a= )%( )I.F( xednI ycneuqerF

58

:

.xednI ycneuqerF(: ()I.F(

. :a

. :n

. :N

:)xednI ytireveS( .3 : ))ytireveS fo eergeD

)...................4 ( 1/001 )N/n( a= )%( )I.S( :xedni ytireveS

:

:xednI ytireveS(( : )I.S(

. :a

. :n

. :N

) xednI ecnatropmI( .4 :

)4 ( ...001/])%( I.S )%( I.F[ = )%().I.PMI( xednI ecnatropmI

:

).xednI ecnatropmI( )I.PMI( :

.xednI ycneuqerF(: ()I.F(

.xednI ytireveS(: ()I.S(

68

. ) ahpla s'hcabnorC( .1 ))4 () 4) (0( (

6002( ijjeH-lA dna fassA( 2102( .la te ymagoblA( )1121(

, .

). ( ): 4.40(

.0 ,.la te fassA(

)5991

)xedni ecnatropmI(

.4 & nahC(

mawsaramuK )7991 ,y

)xedni ecnatropmI(

.4 & rehzeM(

)8991 ,liwaT

)xedni ecnatropmI(

.2 & lilahK-lA(

,ylfahG-lA )9991

)xednI ycneuqerF(

xednI ytireveS

)xednI ecnatropmI(

.9 & hedO(

,heniattaB )2002

evitaleR(

)xedni ecnatropmI

)4002 ,iqlaF( .1

)xednI ycneuqerF(

ytireveS (

)xednI

87

(Importance Index)

7. (Assaf & Al-

Hejji, 2006)

(Frequency Index)

Frequency Index (F.I) (%) =a (n/N) 100/4

( Severity Index)

Severity index: (S.I) (%) =a (n/N) 100/4

(Importance Index)

Importance Index (IMP.I.)(%) = [F.I (%) S.I (%)]/100

9. (Alaghbari et al., 2007) mean score

9. (Al-Najjar,

2008)

(Importance Index)

01. (Sweis et al.,

2008) five-point Likert

scale

00. ( ,4101)

(Frequency Index)

( Severity Index)

(Importance Index)

04. ( ,4100)

(Frequency Index)

Frequency Index (F.I) (%) =a (n/N) 100/1

( Severity Index)

Severity index: (S.I) (%) =a (n/N) 100/1

(Importance Index)

Importance Index (IMP.I.)(%) = [F.I (%) S.I (%)]/100

04. (Albogamy et

al., 2012)

(Frequency Index)

Frequency Index (F.I) (%) =a (n/N) 100/1

( Severity Index)

Severity index: (S.I) (%) =a (n/N) 100/1

88

(Importance Index)

Importance Index (IMP.I.)(%) = [F.I (%) S.I (%)]/100

02. (Mahamid et

al., 2012) ( Severity

Index) Severity index: (S.I) (%) =a (n/N) 100/1

09. (Kazaz

A, 2012)

(Relative Importance index)

01. Marzouk & El-Rasas,

2014)

(Frequency Index)

( Severity

Index)

(Importance Index)

98

:

2.0

)22 SSPS-ecneicS laicoS rof egakcaP lacitsitatS(

)3102 LECXE(

2.4

:

: 2.4.0

)( 4121 2121

.

2.1.2.2

: ) (

4121 2121

09

( : )

): 2.0( .

0

%10

4 1 3 %0.001 %0.52 %0.57

( %7.61 %5.21 %8.81 )

( )

%7.61 %2.4 %5.21

4

%10 %14

61 6 01 %0.001 %5.73 %5.26

( )

%7.66 %0.57 %4.26

( %7.66 %0.52 %7.14 )

4

%04 %19

1 0 1 %0.001 %0.0 %0.001

( )

%2.4 %0.0 %3.6

( %2.4 %0.0 %2.4 )

2

%09 %110

0 0 0 %0 %0 %0

( %0 %0 %0 )

( )

%0 %0 %0

9

%110 3 1 2

%0.001 %3.33 %7.66

19

( %5.21 %5.21 %5.21 )

( )

%5.21 %2.4 %3.8

42 8 61 %0.001 %3.33 %7.66

( %0.001 %0.001 %0.001 )

( )

%0.001 %3.33 %7.66

( 4121 2121 : )

: .1 )%23 %21(

) %4.26( ) %21 (

%221 ) (%8.81 () %1.11 ) ( ) %21 %13 (

) %221 %11( )%3.6(

:)4.1(

29

): 2.0 (

. : .1

)%22 %20 ( )%34(

) %21 ( )%1.11 ( ) %221 (

)%220 %03( )%23 %"02(

)%2.2 ( :)2.0(

): 2.4(

.

%8.81

%4.26

%3.6%0.0

% 01 %5.21

% 03 % 01

% 05 % 13

% 001 % 15

% 001

%5.21

%0.57

%0.0

%5.21 %0.0

% 01

% 03 % 01

% 05 % 13

% 001 % 15

% 001

39

: ( ) .3 )%22 %20(

)% 7.66( (

) % 7.61 ( )%20 ) %220 (

) %3.00 ( )%21 %13 (

) %0.2( )%220 %03 (

)%2.2 ( ) ( :)2.2(

): 2.4(

.

) % 4.22(

. )%22 %20( ) %22 %20 (

%7.61

%7.66

%2.4%0.0

%5.21 % 01

% 03 % 01

% 05 % 13

% 001 % 15

% 001

49

.

. 2102( .la te dimahaM(

) %34(

) %22 %20 (

-13( 4002( iqlaF( ) 23 21( ) 14

)0102( IYAD .) %4.11 (

6002( ijjeH-lA dna fassA( )%11 ( )%11(

. )%23 %21 (

4121 2121 ( ):

59

): 2.2(

.

() 2.1.2.1 () :

2121 ( ) () 4121

) (

( )

: ): 2.4(1

). (

( )

0

( 51 3 21

%0.001 %0.02 %0.08

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

01

% 01

% 03 % 01

% 05 % 13

% 15 % 001

% 001

3

01

1

0

2

1

6

00

1

69

( )

)

( %5.26 %5.73 %0.57 )

( %5.26 %5.21 %0.05 )

4

%57

8 4 4 %0.001 %0.05 %0.05

( %3.33 %0.05 %0.52 )

( )

%3.33 %7.61 %7.61

4

%19

0 0 0 %0 %0 %0

( %0 %0 %0 )

( %0 %0 %0 )

2

%94

1 1 0 %0.001 %0.001 %0.0

( %2.4 %5.21 %0.0 )

( )

%2.4 %2.4 %0.0

9

0 0 0 %0 %0 %0

( %0 %0 %0 )

( )

%0 %0 %0

42 8 61

79

( )

%0.001 %3.33 %7.66 (

) %0.001 %0.001 %0.001

( )

%0.001 %3.33 %7.66

() 4121 2121 ):(

( : .0 )

%34( ) %11( ) %2.30) (

%30( ) %23( ( )

)%2.2 ( ) :)2.3(

): 2.9(

.

%0.57

%0.52

%0.0 %0.0 %0.0

% 57

% 05

% 52

89

: .0 ) %23 ( ) %34(

( )%5.73( )

%30 ( ) %3.00) (

( ) %23( )

:)2.2( )%2.2 (

): 2.1(

.

: .3 ) (

)% 1.11( ) %3.33 ( ) %11(

% 11 ( ) %1.4 ( )

%21 ( ( )

)

%5.73

%0.05

%0.0%5.21

%0.0

% 57

% 05

% 52

99

) %2.2 ( :)4.1(

): 2.7(

.

) % 1.11 (

.

.

. ) %34 ( )1121(

4002( iqlaF(

%5.26

%3.33

%0.0 %2.4 %0.0

% 57

% 05

% 52

001

) %14(

.

() 4121 2121

. )(

): 2.9(

.)(

2.1.2.3 : ( )

4121 2121

: ( )

0

2

4

6

8

01

21

% 57

% 05

% 52

21

4

000

34

01

0

101

): 2.4( .

0

01 5 5 1 1 2

( %7.14 %5.26 %3.13 )

( )

%7.14 %8.02 %8.02

4

7 1 6 2 2 1

( )

%2.92 %5.21 %5.73

( )

%2.92 %2.4 %0.52

4 ( )

5 1 4 3 2 3

( %8.02 %5.21 %0.52 )

( )

%8.02 %2.4 %7.61

2

2 1 1 4 2 4

( %3.8 %5.21 %3.6 )

( )

%3.8 %2.4 %2.4

42 8 61 %0.001 %3.33 %7.66

( )

%0.001 %0.001 %0.001

201

(

%0.001 %3.33 %7.66 )

2020 2020

: )( : .0

) %5.73 (

) %0.52) (%3.13 ( :)2.9( )%3.6 (

):2.9(

.

: .1 ) %5.26 (

:)4.21() %5.21 (

%3.13

%5.73

) (%52

%3.6

) (

301

):2.10(

.

: .3 ) %7.14 ) ((

) %2.92 (

)%3.8) (%8.02( :)4.11(

):2.00(

.

)(

%5.26

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) (%5.21

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) (

%7.14

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) (

401

) %5.73 (

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) %3.02(

) %4.02 (

) %1.13 ( )1121(

) .%1.23 ( " "

.

.

) %14( 4002( iqlaF(

4002( iqlaF( . )%11) (%14 (

6002( ijjeH-lA dna fassA( )2121 (

. )%1.14(

) (

.4121 2121

501

): 2.40(

.

.

: 2.4.4

4121 2121 ) 11 ( :

( )

. 4121 2121

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

) (

5

6

4

1

5

111

601

2.1.1.2

) 11 ( )1) (4 (

)3.1( )3.1.1 (

)3.1.3 (

, ) 9 (

) 3.1 (

)SSPS 12 (

).3102 LECXE(

. 2.1.1.2.2

) 1 ( )xednI ycneuqerF (

) 1 ()3.1 (

.

) 4.4 ( )1.( ) (

.

701

. ):2.2(

%

14 1

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13 3

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43 1

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901

): 2.1( .

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:

( )

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) )ytireveS fo eergeD

) 3.1) (1 ( )xednI ytireveS(

011

) 1 ( .

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. ): 2.7(

%

46 1

%88.77

39 1

. %88.87

88 3

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%88.88 . 69 4

%88.88 38 1

:

. 2102( .la te dimahaM( )1.4 (

111

2102( .la te dimahaM (

. .1

) 4.1 ( )1.( ) ( .

. ): 2.9(

%

89 1

. %88.67

86 1

%88.87

%88.88 . 36 3

46 4

%88.88

98 1

%88.68

:

211

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4.1

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