マスタサブタイトルの書式設定 copyright © hitachi, ltd. 2012. all rights reserved...

マスタサブタイトルの書式設定Copyright © Hitachi, Ltd. 2012. All rights reserved

EPE-PEMC-ECCE’12Keynote Speech

2012.9.5Corporate Chief Engineer

Rail Systems CompanyHitachi, Ltd.

Masato Iwataki

Present Status and Future Prospects ofHigh Speed / High PowerElectric Traction Systems

Copyright © Hitachi, Ltd. 2012. All rights reserved

1. In order to maintain its daily activities,　 it is essential to secure its means of transportation.

2. The　 railway　 system　 is　 a　most　effective　 solution　 for　 the　 large　capacity　 and　 high　 speed　 transportation.

3. I will　 introduce　 the　 relationship　between　 the　 railway　 system　 and　power-electronics　 development,　 and　 explain my expectations for future of power-electronics.

１ . Abstract

2


Application of Power Semiconductor Devices

3

(km/h)

ServiceSpeed

Year1820 1840 1860 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2020

300

200

100

140160

200

260

300320

110

210 220

270300320

Japan

Europe

2. History of Maximum Train Speed (Europe/Japan)


1. Higher rigidity and lighter-weight carbody construction(wood → steel →reinforced plastic)

2. Development in bogie technology for stable running conditions

3. Higher traction performance(steam engine→ diesel engine → electric traction)

4. Higher reliability in traffic control systems(tablet → wayside signal → on-board signal)

5. Reinforcement of track and power supply feeder system

3. Key Technologies of High Speed Rail (HSR)

4


1. Steam EngineRevolution limit due to reciprocation of piston

2. Diesel EnginePower limit due to volume and weight of on-board machine

3. Electric TractionIncrease in output based on development of power semiconductor devices and insulation technology

5

4. Transition of Traction Systems

Copyright © Hitachi, Ltd. 2012. All rights reserved6

5. Railway & Power Semiconductors

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

PowerSemi-conductor

DC PowerSupply

AC PowerSupply

TractionMotor

Diode Transistor Thyristor GTO IGBT

Rheostat Chopper Inverter

Rectifier Phase Control 4-quadrant

DC Motor 3 Phase AC Motor

Category


1. Diode and TransistorAdopted for early traction control systems

2. Silicon Controlled Rectifier and GTOAdopted for DC chopper control and AC phase control

3. IGBTCurrent mainstream deviceContributing to the realization of higher speeds, higher voltage and larger current operation

6. Power Semiconductor Devices and HSR

7


7. Power Semiconductor Application in Railway

100 1k 10k 100k 1M

Power IC

OpticalThyristor

PowerMOS FET

SiC

1k

10k

100k

1M

10M

IGBT

Current Status of Railway Application

Near Future

Operational Frequency (Hz)

Tran

sduc

ing

Pow

er (W

)(r

ated

vol

tage

x r

ated

cur

rent

) MainstreamDevices

3.3kV 1500A6.5kV 1000A


8. History of Power Semiconductor Traction

A

Chopper

FD

F

Motor

Pantograph

DC Power Line

Chopper Control + DC Motor

(DC Power Supply System 1)


9. Transition of Chopper Devices

Thyristor GTO IGBT

MThATh

CmL

CmC

MTh

Snubber Circuit

MTr

Smaller and Lighter Choppers with Simplified Circuits



Pantograph

DC Power Line

INV

Motor

M

Inverter

Inverter + AC Motor

(DC Power Supply System 2)


11. Transition of Inverter Devices

Thyristor GTO IGBT

Smaller and Lighter Inverters with Simplified Circuits

MTr

MTr

MThATh

CmL

CmC

MThATh

CmL

CmC

MTh

Snubber Circuit

MTh

Snubber Circuit



Pantograph

AC Power Line

TCG

AF

Motor

Tap Change Control + Si Diode Rectifier + DC Motor

(AC Power Supply System 1)


13. Transition of Diode Rectifiers

Diode Rectifier Output : 1630 kW, 1600V

Diode : 1200V, 300A Diode : 2500V, 800A

10S – 4P – 4A 6S – 1P – 4A160 Diodes (Stud type)

24 Diodes(Flat type)

1650 × 780 × 650 1650 × 780 × 650× 2 Boxes × 1 Box

L H W L H W

(Example in Japan)



Pantograph

AC Power Line

AF

Motor

Thyristor Phase Control + DC Motor





Pantograph

AC Power Line

AC Motor

CONV INV M

4 Quadrant Converter + AC Motor


16. Transition of Converters and Inverters

Improvement of Equipment in Germany

DC LinkCapacitor

CommutationCircuit

With Thyristor With GTO Thyristor

P

N

R

P

N

R

Equipment Weight: 7.8 t 4.3 t(Same Power Output )


17. Weight Reduction of Traction Equipments

(Example in Japanese HSR )

Tap Change + Rectifier + DC motor

Thyristor Phase Control + DC motor

Weight / Output10 (kg / kW)5

3.5

11.5

GTO + AC motor

IGBT+ AC motor

①

②

③

④

5

8.5


18. Effect of High Frequency Converters

19

Inverter

Conventional APS APS with High Frequency Converter

CommercialFrequencyTransformer

3 phaseAlternatingcurrent

Inverter

Weight : 600kg

3 Phasealternatingcurrent

High FrequencyTransformer

Weight : 150kg

DC Power Line

DC Power Line


19. Example of Converters for Japanese HSR

Duct

Electric BlowerIGBT Module

FinHeat PipeAir Filter

Detachable for maintenance

Rolling Stock

Converter

Converter for High Speed Train

Cross-section of Converter

Air Flow

(Containing Power Unit)

Power Unit


High Speed railway is essential for maintaining

a sustainable global environment.

Expectations are high for electrical electronics systems and power semiconductor devices.

1. Larger Capacity (Voltage & Current)

2. Lower Loss (Higher Operation Frequency)

3. Higher EMC(Electro-Magnetic Compatibility)

4. Higher Performance (Reinforcement of Safety Measures)

5. Lower Costs

20. Future Prospects: Expectations for PE

21


22

Thank You for Your Attention


マスタ サブタイトルの書式設定 copyright © hitachi, ltd. 2012. all rights reserved...

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マスタサブタイトルの書式設定 copyright © hitachi, ltd. 2012. all rights reserved...