我的梦想是我能进入一所重点大学。

My dream is that I can enter a key university.

我能进入一所重点大学是我的梦想。

That I can enter a key university is my dream.

I have a dream that I can enter a key university.

我有一个梦想我能进入一所重点大学

我总是梦想着我能进入一所重点大学。

I always dream that I can enter a key university.

Noun Clause

多 由 that, wh- 疑 问 词 或whatever 等关系代词引导

主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，

名词性从句

Whether he will come or not is unknown.

I don’t know whether he will come or not

The question is whether he will come or not.

The question whether he will come or not is not settled.

引导名词性从句的三类关联词1. that whether if ( 在从句中不做成分，只 起连

接作用 )

2. what who whom which whose ( 在从句中做主、表、宾、定成分 )

3. when why when where ( 在从句中做状语 )其它：That he didn’t come to school is because he was ill.She looks as if she has really been there.Things are not as they seemed to be.

二、连接词的选择

（ 1 ） that 与 what （卷子名从 1 ）

引导名词性从句的三类关联词

1. That

a. 只起连接作用， 不做成分

b. 一般不省，只再宾语从句中可省

e.g 1).I know that you are concerned about your son’s safety.

2).______ he has set out to prepare for the coming exams is satisfying. is

That

It is satisfying ____he has set out to prepare for the coming exams

2).______ he has set out to prepare for the coming exams is satisfying.

That

(1) 主语从句在句子中充当主语，句子的谓语动词用第三人称单数。

(2) 主语从句前的 that 不能省略，仅起连接作用，有时为了保持句子平衡， that 从句后置，而由 it 作形式主语。

that

1.I can’t imagine _____ you can sew this piece of cloth without a needle.

2. The reason for his being late is ____ he missed the bus this morning.

3.It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning

gray.

A. while B. that C. if D. so

that/ 不填

that

B

What

1 在从句中作主，宾，表成分

2 可译成“ --- 的东西，话，事情，地方，时间，样子等”—— “所 ----”

1 what he said disappointed me.

2 A computer can only do _____ you have instructed it to do .

3 a modern city has been set up in _____ was a wasteland ten years ago .

what

what

1 _____ made the school proud was ____ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.

A What ;because B What ;that

C That ;what D that; because

2 People have heard what the President has said ; they are waiting to see ____ he will do .

A how B what C when D that

3 --- Are you still thinking abut yesterday’s game?

--- Oh,that’s ____.

A what makes me feel excited .

B whatever I feel excited about

C How I feel about it

D when I feel excited

____is waiting for me is my brother. Who

whether 与 if 在名词性从句中的用法区别

而 whether 可引导包括宾语从句在内的其他名词性从句。

Whether /if 表疑问，“是否”

•宾语从句中， whether 常与 or not搭配，可以说 whether or not, 而不说 if or not.

whether 可用在介词后，或带 to 不定式前， if 则不可。

If ：只用于 Vt 宾语从句 & 不在句首的主语从句

a.I don’t know whether/if he will come

b. …………... ________………..or not

c. It depends on _____ you will give the chance.

d. _____ he can afford to buy such a car is still a question.

whether

whether

Whether

e. It is doubtful _____he is coming.

g. The point is _____ he will inform me of the news.

whether/if

whether

2. 连接代词（ a. 引导词 b. 做从句的成分）

从句中做 意思 what 主，宾，表，

定 什么

which 主 , 宾，表定

哪个，哪些

who 主，宾 表 谁

whom 宾 谁

whose 定语 谁的

I am satisfied with __________ you said.

I don’t know________ the place used to be

I know __________ you want to talk to

There are many books. Can you tell me

____ book you like best.

You can show me ________ is your monitor .

You can tell me ________ book it is.

you can give the book to _______ wins first place

which

what

what

who/whom

who

whose

whoever

America was _____ was first called “India” by Columbus.

A. that B. where C. what

You can’t imagine _____ a beautiful girl she is.

A. how B. what C. that D. who.

_____ matters most in learning English is enough practice.

A. what B.which C. where D. which

C

B

A

3. 连接副词（ a. 连接 b. 做从句中的状语）

when/where/why/ how/ how many/how much….

1)I don’t know __________ he will go.

2)Can you explain ________you were late this

morning?

3)__________he will come here isn’t decided.

4) this is ______ I was late this morning

_______I was born in 1971

_______ I worked out the problem.

where

why

How/when

why

where

how

It is ____ you left it.

Scientists and engineers are often judged by _____ great their achievements are.

You don’t know _____ fast he runs.

how

how

where

1 所有的名词性从句缺主，宾，表都用 what 引导，但要考虑到人

2 所有的名词性从句都用陈述语气。

3 引导词缺什么补什么。

1. _______ life will be like in the future is difficult to predict.

2. It is true ____ he settled the argument.

3. They are careful about ______ they eat.

4. The discussion topic for today is ______ schools will be like in the future.

5. _____ most of these are now threatened and may disappear is a serious matter to the people in Britain.

what

that

what

what

That

语法 :填上适当的关连词完成以下名词性从句 . 1 ． ______is to take Li Ming’s place is being discussed ．

2 ． I got very angry with______he said ．

3 ． My idea is_____we should get more people to finish the work ．

4 ． I wonder_________it is true or not ．5 ． The problem is______we could help smokers kick their habit ．

Who

what

that

whetherhow

1. The news which our team had won pleased everyone ． _______________

2. I don’t doubt whether he can work out the problem ． _______________

3. I have been worrying about if I have hurt her feeling ． _______________

4 ． I don’t know that he wants ． ____________

which→that

whether→that

if→whether

that→what

5. The reason why he didn’t come is because

he was ill. _______________

6. Who walks around in such a heavy rain will

catch a cold ． _____________

7 ． I think important that we learn English

well ． ______________________

8 ． It’s not certain that the sports meet will be

held ． _______________

because→that

Who→Whoever

important→it important

that→whether

9 ． This is the suggestion which we have a trip the day after tomorrow ． _____________

10 ． China is a great socialist country is well known ． _________________

which→that

China→That China

6. They realize _____ it is of great value to record the tradition.

7. The result of so much French influence was _____ the English language ended up with many French words such as table, animal and age.

Exx.

1.Some one is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _______.

A. who is he B.who he is

C.who is it D.who it is

that

that

D

2. What the doctors really doubt is _____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.

A. when B. if C. whether D. why

3.Little Tommy was reluctant (a.   不情愿的 , 勉强的 )to tell the schoolmaster ______ he had done the day before.

A. that B. how C. where D. what

4. ____ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.

A. What B. That C. This D. Which

C

D

B

5.The road is covered with snow. I can’t understand _____ they insist on going by motorbike.

A. why B. where C. what D. how

6.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _____ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.

A. where B. what C. that D. how

A

B

• 1.When we will start is not clear.

• 2.Mrs Black won’t believe that her son has become a thief.

• 3. My idea is that we should do it right now.

• 4.I had no idea that you were her friend.

主语从句

宾语从句

表语从句

同位语从句

I 名词性从句的种类

The news that our team has won the match is true.His delay is due to the fact that the car broke down halfway.

同 位 语 从句同位语从句一般跟在名词 fact, news,

promise, truth, belief, thought, idea, answer, doubt, hope, law, knowledge,opinion, suggestion information, plan, 后面 , 用以说明或解释前面的名词的具体内容 .

2. 在 have no idea 之后常用 wh- 引导同位语从句 . I have no idea where he has gone.

I have no idea when he did it.I have no idea what he did.

注 : 1. that 引导同位语从句与 that 引导定语从句的区别 : 引导同位语从句的 that 无实际意义 , 不作从句的任何成分 , 而引导定语从句的that 从句的某个成分 .He told me the news that our team won the match.He told me the news that was very exciting.We are interested in the news that some foreigners would visit our school.We are interested in the news that he told us.

2.He asked____for a violin.（ MET92 ） A. did I pay how much

B. I paid how much

C. how much did I pay

D. how much I paid

规律二： 1. 从句是陈述句转化而来的，不缺成分，不含有疑问意义。由 that 引导且 that连词在从句中不作成分主语从句 , 同谓语从句 , 表语从句 that 不可以省略 , 在宾语从句中 that 常可省略．

That he will come and help us is certain.

John said (that) he would attend the meeting.

The trouble is that I have forgotten her name.

• 2. 从句是由一般疑问句转化而来，含有疑问意义 , 不缺成分。由 whether ， if 引导 .

I worry about whether/if he can pass the exam.

The question is whether it is worth doing.

找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1. If we will have a meeting hasn't been decided yet.

2. It depends on if the weather is suitable for us to do it.

3. The question is if he himself will be present at the meeting.

4. He asked me if I could go with him or not.

Whether we will have a meeting hasn’t been decided yet.

It depends on whether the weather is …...

The question is whether he himself will be present …...

He asked me whether I could go with him or not.

规律三： whether 和 if 的区别：

主 语 从 句 只 能 用whether

表 语 从 句 中 只 能 用whether

宾 语 从 句 中 可 以 互 换 ， 但 是 作 介 词 宾 语 时 用whether

后 面 跟 or(not) 或 to do 连 用 时 用 whether

3. 从句是由特殊疑问句转化而来，含有疑问意义的 , 缺成分的。由 wh- 连词或 how 引导在从句中作成分。连接代词 what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever ，连接副词 where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever 。

Who will go makes no difference.

That is where he was born.

Tell me what he said.

特殊情况：1. 在 seem, appear 后的表语从句中可接that引导的从句 , 而 look则不可 .2. 这三个词后都可用 as if / as though 引导从句 .It seems / appears that he was late for the train yesterday.

It seems / appears / looks as if we have to go home on foot.

IIII ．引导词的选择．引导词的选择

1. ____  we can't get seems better than ____ we

have. A.What , what B. What , that C. That , that  D. That , what

2. It worried her a bit  ____ her hair was turning grey.

A ． while B ． that C ． if  D ． for

3.What the doctors really doubt is _______ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon ．

A ． when B ． how

C ． whether D ． why

4 ． made the school proud was more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. A ． What…because B ． What…that C ． That…what D ． That…because

找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1. I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money

on these books.

2. That is hard to decide when and where we will held our

sports meeting.

3. Everybody considers it impossible which he wants to

finish the job in such a short time.

4. It doesn’t matter that you will come or not.

it

it

that

whether

规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况 下可以借助 “ it” 而后置。

1. 主语从句可以用 it （作形式主语） 来替换成以下几种结构表达。(A)It is clear/certain/likely/true/ adj. that… It is certain that he will come to see me. (B)It is a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder/ n. that ... It is a shame that he didn’t pass the exam.

（ C ） It is said/reported/ believed/ known/ thought/suggested that …

It is said that Brazil will win in the World Cup.

（ D ） It seems/happens that…

It seems that he has finished his homework.

2. 宾语从句可以用 it （作形式宾语） 来替换的句型为：主语＋谓语＋ it ＋ adj./n. ＋从句如：  I think it necessary that we have the meeting ．

He will believe whatever others say. （不能用 no matter what 代替 whatever ） Whatever others say, he will believe it.（可以用 no matter what 代替 whatever ）

规律五： whatever, whichever, whoever, whenever, wherever, however 等与 no matter what, no matter which, no matter who, no matter when, no matter where, no matter how 的区别 : 前者既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，而 no matter 加疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。

1. Sarah hopes to become a friend of ____ shares her interests. A. anyone  B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who 2. ____ much advice I gave him, he did exactly what he wanted to do. A. How B. Whatever C. However D. No matter

3. It is generally considered unwise to give a child

____ he or she wants.

A. however  B. whatever

C. whichever  D. whenever

另外，在名词性从句的复习过程中，我们还另外，在名词性从句的复习过程中，我们还须特别注意以下问题：须特别注意以下问题：

填空 : The reason ____ we didn't trust him is ______ he has often lied ．

reason 后面的表语从句只能用 that 引导 ,

不能用 because 引导 , 但 reason 后面的定语从句可以用 why 或者 that 引导。

whythat

名词从句与定语从句的一些对应系：

1. He has done what he can to help me.

--He has done ____ ____ he can to help me.

2. What I want to say has nothing to do with

it.

--____ ____ I want to say has nothing to do

with it.

all that

All that

3. Whoever breaks the law is to be punished.

______ ______ breaks the law is to be punished.

4. He will give the dictionary to whoever

needs if most.

He will give the dictionary to ______ ____

needs it most.

5. We’ll remember whomever we turned to

for help.

We’ll remember ______ ________ we turned

to for help.

Anyone who

anyone who

anyone (whom)

6. They will do whatever he wants them to

do.

They will do ______ ______he wants them

to do.

7. I’ll read whichever book you give me.

I’ll read ____ of the  books _____  you give

me.

anything that

any that

巩固练习 巩固练习

1.The question is ____  the film is worth

seeing ． A ． if  B ． what

C ． whether D ． how

2.One of the men held the view  ____ the

book said was right ． A ． that what B ． What that

C ． that  D ． whether

3.Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or

Cambridge, I can't remember ____.

A ． where B ． there

C ． which D ． that

4.Energy is  ____ makes things work ． A ． What B ． everything

C ． something  D ． anything

5.The reason  ____ I have to go is_____ my

mother is ill in bed ．

A. why ; why  B. why ; because

C. why ; that  D. that ; because

6.He doesn't think the question ____ they are

men or women is important ．

A. whether    B. if           

C. which  D. why

7.I ask her _______ come with me.

A.if she will B. if will she

C. whether will she D. will she

8._______ he said is true.

A.What B. That

C. Which D. Whether

9.Can you tell me ________?

A.who is that gentleman

B. that gentleman is who

C. who that gentleman is

D. whom is that gentleman

10.He didn't know which room _______.

A.they lived B. they lived in

C. did they live D. did they live in

11.To get the job started, _______ I need is some money.

A.only what B. all what

C. all that D. only that

12.I have no idea _______ far the railway station is from here.

A. what B. how C. it's D. that

13.Can you tell me _______ the railway

station?

A. how I can get to B. what can I get to

C. where I can got to D. where can I get to

14.Do you know _______?

A. what is his name B. how is his name

C. what his name is D. how his name is

21.Go and get your coat. It's ________ you

left it.

A.there B. where

C. there where D. where there

22._______ he said at the meeting astonished

everybody present.

A.What B. That

C. The fact D. The matter

23. — I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. — Is that _________ you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. what D. where 24.These wild flowers are so special that I would do ________ I can to save them. A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever

25. — Do you remember ________ he came? — Yes, I do. He came by car. A. how B. when C. that D. if

26.________ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.

A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 27.It is generally considered unwise to give a child

________ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever

28.________ you don't like him is none of my business.

A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether

29.You can't imagine ________ when they received these nice Christmas presents.

A.how they were excited

B. how excited they were

C. how excited were they

D. they were how excited

30.________ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.

A. What B. That C. How D. Where

31.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. _________ I got wet through.

A.It's the reason B. That's why

C. There's why D. It's how

Good-bye!Good-bye!

1. 误： I don't know if he comes back this month.

2. 误： I have no idea what had happened when

I was away.

正： I don't know if he will come back this month.

正： I have no idea what happened when I was

away.

3. 误： The reason is because he is ill.

4. 误： Who leaves last turns off the light.

正： The reason is that he is ill.

正： Whoever leaves last turns off

the light.

一 .相关概念1. 名词：表示人或事物的名称的词2. 名词的句法作用：名词在句中主要作主语 , 宾语 , 表语和同位语。另外还可以作定语 , 状语。3. 名词性从句： 在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主 语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当 , 这个句子就叫 :名词性从句。

1.When we will start is not clear.

2.Mrs Black won’t believe that her son has become a thief.

3. My idea is that we should do it right now.

4.I had no idea that you were her friend.

主语从句

宾语从句

表语从句

同位语从句

I 名词性从句的种类