R78611025 The perspective of the multilevel analysis: An empirical studying of leadership style influence employee effectiveness using mediator on regulatory focus.

19951996 Farh and Cheng2000 , 2008, 20032010 , 2009 Dawis, 2004 Higgins1997, 1998()()

2010

Level 2 Level 1Level 2

SEM, AMOS 16.0HLM, HLM 6.0

XYc'3-2 3-1 Amos1.

3-4 XMO XMOXMO3-3 2.

mediated moderation moderated mediation

3-5 3.

-HLMbiasICCICC

3-6 H1H2-1H2-2H3-2H3-3

Level 2Level 13-7 H4H5H6-1H6-2H6-3

promotionprevention3achievementidealsgains3securityoughtlosses

CMV200620 20400

STATISICASPSSAMOSHLM descriptive statisticPearson product moment correlation analysisfactor analysisreliability analysisvalidity analysisanalysis of variance, ANOVAstructural equation modeling, SEMhierarchical linear models, HLM

~

Farh and Cheng2000Neubert, Kacmar, Carlson, Chonko, and Roberts200820082011

Higgins1997, 1998promotionpreventionHiggins1997, 1998 212

Baron & Kenny, 1986; Holmbeck, 1997; MacKinnon, Lockwood, Hoffman, West, & Sheets, 2002; Shrout & Bolger, 2002; Edwards & Lambert, 2007; Preacher, Rucker, & Hayes, 2007; Fairchild & MacKinnon, 2009 Baron and Kenny19861total effect02first stage effect03second stage effect0AmosXYMOMOmoderatorMOXYMOYMOXYXMOXMOXMO Baron and Kenny1986 1mediated moderation2moderated mediationBaron and Kenny1986Krull and MacKinnon200120092010Muller, Tudd, & Yzerbyt, 2005; Edward & Lambert, 2007SEM SEMSEMH1H2H2-1H2-2H2-3H3H3-1H3-2H3-3H3-41level 12level 2HLM HLMHLMH4()H5()H6()H6-1H6-2H6-3H6-42003

promotionprevention 3achievementidealsgains 3securityoughtlosses