六级听力真题虐耳精听班 - s-teaching-pub

六级听力真题虐耳精听班

目录

听力真题&原文

2018 年 6月六级听力真题（第一套） �� 1

2018 年 6月六级听力真题原文（第一套） ��5

2018 年 12 月六级听力真题（第二套） �� 11

2018 年 12 月六级听力真题原文（第二套） �� 15

2019 年 6月六级听力真题（第二套） �� 21

2019 年 6月六级听力真题原文（第二套） ��24

2019 年 12 月六级听力真题（第二套） ��30

2019 年 12 月六级听力真题原文（第二套） ��34

2020 年 12 月六级听力真题（第二套） ��40

2020 年 12 月六级听力真题原文（第二套） ��44

参考答案&解析

2018 年 6月六级听力真题答案（第一套） ��50

2018 年 6月六级听力真题解析（第一套） �� 51

2018 年 12 月六级听力真题答案（第二套） ��69

2018 年 12 月六级听力真题解析（第二套） ��70

2019 年 6月六级听力真题答案（第二套） ��87

2019 年 6月六级听力真题解析（第二套） ��88

2019 年 12 月六级听力真题答案（第二套） �� 105

2019 年 12 月六级听力真题解析（第二套） �� 106

2020 年 12 月六级听力真题答案（第二套） �� 124

2020 年 12 月六级听力真题解析（第二套） �� 125

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2018 年 6月六级听力真题（第一套）

听力真题&原文


Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)

虫虫小提示：听力音频可在

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Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three

questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you

must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding

letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

1. A) It is a typical salad. C) It is a weird vegetable. B) It is a Spanish soup. D) It is a kind of spicy food.

2. A) To make it thicker. C) To add to its appeal. B) To make it more nutritious. D) To replace an ingredient.

3. A) It contains very little fat. C) It uses no artificial additives. B) It uses olive oil in cooking. D) It is mainly made of vegetables.

4. A) It does not go stale for two years. C) It comes from a special kind of pig. B) It takes no special skill to prepare. D) It is a delicacy blended with bread.


5. A) They come in a great variety. C) They do not vary much in price.

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B) They do not make decent gifts. D) They go well with Italian food.

6. A) $30-$40. C) $50-$60. B) $40-$50. D) Around $150.

7. A) They are a healthy choice for elderly people. B) They are especially popular among Italians. C) They symbolize good health and longevity. D) They go well with different kinds of food.

8. A) It is a wine imported from California. C) It is far more expensive than he expected. B) It is less spicy than all other red wines. D) It is Italy’s most famous type of red wine.

Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four ques-

tions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.

9. A) Learning others’ secrets. C) Decoding secret messages. B) Searching for information. D) Spreading sensational news.

10. A) They helped the U.S. army in World War II. B) They could write down spoken codes promptly. C) They were assigned to decode enemy messages. D) They were good at breaking enemy secret codes.

11. A) Important battles fought in the Pacific War. B) Decoding of secret messages in war times. C) A military code that was never broken. D) Navajo Indians’ contribution to code breaking.


12. A) All services will be personalized. B) A lot of knowledge-intensive jobs will be replaced. C) Technology will revolutionize all sectors of industry. D) More information will be available.

13. A) In the robotics industry. C) In the personal care sector. B) In the information service. D) In high-end manufacturing.

14. A) They charge high prices. C) They cater to the needs of young people. B) They need lots of training. D) They focus on customers’ specific needs.

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15. A) The rising demand in education and healthcare in the next 20 years. B) The disruption caused by technology in traditionally well-paid jobs. C) The tremendous changes new technology will bring to people’s lives. D) The amazing amount of personal attention people would like to have.

Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions.

The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.

16. A) It was the longest road in ancient Egypt. C) It lay 8 miles from the monument sites. B) It was constructed some 500 years ago. D) It linked a stone pit to some waterways.

17. A) Saws used for cutting stone. C) An ancient geographical map. B) Traces left by early explorers. D) Some stone tool segments.

18. A) To transport stones to block floods. C) To link the various monument sites. B) To provide services for the stone pit. D) To connect the villages along the Nile.


19. A) Dr. Gong didn’t give him any conventional tests. B) Dr. Gong marked his office with a hand-painted sign. C) Dr. Gong didn’t ask him any questions about his pain. D) Dr. Gong slipped in needles where he felt no pain.

20. A) He had heard of the wonders acupuncture could work. B) Dr. Gong was very famous in New York’s Chinatown. C) Previous medical treatments failed to relieve his pain. D) He found the expensive medical tests unaffordable.

21. A) More and more patients ask for the treatment. B) Acupuncture techniques have been perfected. C) It doesn’t need the conventional medical tests. D) It does not have any negative side effects.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just beard.

22. A) They were on the verge of breaking up. B) They were compatible despite differences. C) They quarreled a lot and never resolved their arguments. D) They argued persistently about whether to have children.

23. A) Neither of them has any brothers or sisters. B) Neither of them won their parents’ favor.

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C) They weren’t spoiled in their childhood. D) They didn’t like to be the apple of their parents’ eyes.

24. A) They are usually good at making friends. B) They tend to be adventurous and creative. C) They are often content with what they have. D) They tend to be self-assured and responsible.

25. A) They enjoy making friends. C) They are least likely to take initiative. B) They tend to be well adjusted. D) They usually have successful marriages.

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2018 年 6月六级听力真题原文（第一套）


Part II Listening Comprehension

Section A

Conversation One

M: What’s all that? Are you going to make a salad?

W: No, I’m going to make a gazpacho.

M: What’s that?

W: [1] Gazpacho is a cold soup from Spain. It’s mostly vegetables. I guess you could call it a liquid salad.

M: Cold soup? Sounds weird.

W: It’s delicious. Trust me. I tried it for the first time during my summer vacation in Spain. You see, in the south of

Spain, it gets very hot in the summer, up to 40℃ . So a cold gazpacho is very refreshing. The main ingredients

are tomato, cucumber, bell peppers, olive oil and stale bread.

M: Stale bread? Surely you mean bread for dipping into the soup?

W: No, bread is crushed and blended in, like everything else. [2]It adds texture and thickness to the soup.

M: Um… And is it healthy?

W: [3] Sure. As I said earlier, it’s mostly vegetables. You can also add different things if you like, such as hard-boiled

egg or cured ham.

M: Cured ham? What’s that?

W: That’s another Spanish delicacy. Have you never heard of it? It is quite famous.

M: No. Is it good too?

W: Oh, yeah, definitely. It’s amazing. It’s a little dry and salty. [4] And it’s very expensive because it comes from a

special type of pig that only eats a special type of food. The ham is covered in salt to dry and preserve it, and left

to hang for up to 2 years. It has a very distinct flavor.

M: Um. Sounds interesting. Where can I find some?

W: It used to be difficult to get Spanish produce here, but it’s now a lot more common. Most large supermarket chains

have cured ham in little packets, but in Spain you can buy a whole leg.

M: A whole pig leg? Why would anybody want so much ham?

W: In Spain, many people buy a whole leg for special group events, such as Christmas. They cut it themselves into

very thin slices with a long flat knife.

1. What do we learn about gazpacho?

2. For what purpose is stale bread mixed into gazpacho?

3. Why does the woman think gazpacho is healthy?

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4. What does the woman say about cured ham?

Conversation Two

M: Hello, I wish to buy a bottle of wine.

W: Hi, yes. What kind of wine would you like?

M: I don’t know, sorry. I don’t know much about wine.

W: That’s no problem at all. What’s the occasion and how much would you like to spend?

M: It’s for my boss. It’s his birthday. I know he likes wine, but I don’t know what type. I also do not want anything too

expensive, maybe mid-range. How much would you say is a mid-range bottle of wine approximately?

W: Well, it varies greatly. [5] Our lowest prices are around $6 a bottle, but those are table wines. They are not very

special and I would not suggest them as a gift. On the other end, our most expensive bottles are over $150. If you

are looking for something priced in the middle, I would say anything between $30 and $60 would make a decent

gift. How does that sound?

M: Um, yeah. [6] I guess something in the vicinity of 30 or 40 would be good. Which type would you recommend?

W: [7] I would say the safest option is always a red wine. They are generally more popular than whites, and can usually

be paired with food more easily. Our specialty here are Italian wines, and these tend to be fruity with medium

acidity. [8] This one here is a Chianti, which is perhaps Italy’s most famous type of red wine. Alternatively, you

may wish to try and surprise your boss with something less common, such as this Zinfandel. The grapes are

originally native to Croatia, but this winery is in eastern Italy, and it has a more spicy and peppery flavor. So to

summarize, the Chianti is more classical and the Zinfandel more exciting. Both are similarly priced at just under

$40.

M: [8] I will go with Chianti then. Thanks.

5. What does the woman think of table wines?6. What is the price range of wine the man will consider?7. Why does the woman recommend red wines?8. What do we learn about the wine the man finally bought?

Section B

Passage One

[9] Many people enjoy secret codes. The harder the code, the more some people will try to figure it out. In

wartime, codes are especially important. They help army send news about battles and the size of enemy forces. Neither

side wants its code broken by the other. [11] One very important code was never broken. It was used during World War

II by the Americans. It was a spoken code, never written down and it was developed and used by Navajo Indians. They

were called the Navajo code talkers.

The Navajos created the code in their own language. Navajo is hard to learn and only a few people know it. So

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it was pretty certain that the enemy would not be able to understand the code talkers. In addition, the talkers used

code words. They called a submarine an iron fish and a small bomb thrown by hand a potato. If they wanted to spell

something, they used code words for letters of the alphabet. For instance, the letter A was ant or apple or ax.

The code talkers worked mostly in the islands in the Pacific. One or two would be assigned to a group of soldiers.

They would send messages by field telephone to the code talker in the next group. And he would relay the information

to his commander. [10] The code talkers played an important part in several battles. They helped troops coordinate

their movements and attacks. After the war, the U.S. government honored them for what they had accomplished. [11]

Theirs was the most successful wartime code ever used.

9. What does the speaker say many people enjoy doing?

10. What do we learn about the Navajo code talkers?

11. What is the speaker mainly talking about?

Passage Two

If you are young and thinking about your career, you’ll want to know where you can make a living. [12] Well, there’s

going to be a technological replacement of a lot of knowledge-intensive jobs in the next twenty years, particularly in the

two largest sectors of the labor force with professional skills. One is teaching, and the other, healthcare. You have so many

applications and software and platforms that are going to come in and provide information and service in these two fields,

which means a lot of healthcare and education sectors will be radically changed and a lot of jobs will be lost.

[13] Now, where will the new jobs be found? Well, the one sector of the economy that can’t be easily duplicated

by even smart technologies is the caring sector—the personal care sector. That is, you can’t really get a robot to do a

great massage or physical therapy. Or, you can’t get the kind of personal attention you need with regard to therapy or

any other personal service. There could be very high-end personal services. [14] Therapists do charge a lot of money. I

think there’s no limit to the amount of personal attention and personal care people would like if they could afford it. But

the real question in the future is: How come people afford these things if they don’t have money, because they can’t get

a job that pays enough. [15] That’s why I wrote this book, which is about how to reorganize the economy for the future

when technology brings about disruptive changes to what we used to consider high-income work.

12. What does the speaker say will happen in the next twenty years?

13. Where will young people have more chances to find jobs?

14. What does the speaker say about therapists?

15. What is the speaker’s book about?

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Section C

Recording One

American researchers have discovered the world’s oldest paved road, a 4,600-year-old highway. [16] It linked a

stone pit in the Egyptian desert to waterways that carried blocks to monument sites along the Nile.

The eight-mile road is at least 500 years older than any previously discovered road. “It is the only paved road

discovered in ancient Egypt,” said geologist Thomas Bown of the United States Geological Survey. He reported

the discovery on Friday. “The road probably doesn’t rank with the pyramids as a construction feat, but it is a major

engineering achievement,” said his colleague, geologist James Harrell of the University of Toledo. “Not only is the

road earlier than we thought possible, we didn’t even think they built roads.” [17] The researchers also made a discovery

in the stone pit at the northern end of the road: the first evidence that the Egyptians used rock saws. “This is the oldest

example of saws being used for cutting stone,” said Bown’s colleague, James Hoffmeier of Wheaton College in Illinois.

“That’s two technologies we didn’t know they had,” Harrell said, “and we don’t know why they were both

abandoned.” The road was discovered in the Faiyum Depression, about 45 miles southwest of Cairo. “Short segments

of the road had been observed by earlier explorers,” Bown said, “but they failed to realize its significance or follow up

on their observations.” Bown and his colleagues stumbled across it while they were doing geological mapping in the

region.

[18] The road was clearly built to provide services for the newly discovered stone pit. Bown and Harrell have

found the camp that housed workers at the stone pit. The road appears today to go nowhere, ending in the middle of the

desert. When it was built, its terminal was a dock on the shore of Lake Moeris, which had an elevation of about 66

feet above sea level, the same as the dock.

Lake Moeris received its water from the annual floods of the Nile. At the time of the floods, the river and lake were

at the same level and connected through a gap in the hills near the modern villages of el-Lahun and Hawara. Harrell and

Bown believe that blocks were loaded onto barges during the dry season, then floated over to the Nile during the floods

to be shipped off to the monument sites at Giza and Saqqara.

16. What do we learn from the lecture about the world’s oldest paved road in Egypt?

17. What did the researchers discover in the stone pit?

18. For what purpose was the paved road built?

Recording Two

The thin, extremely sharp needles didn’t hurt at all going in. Dr. Gong pierced them into my left arm, around the

elbow that had been bothering me. [19] Other needles were slipped into my left wrist and, strangely, into my right arm,

and then into both my closed eyelids. There wasn’t any discomfort, just a mild warming sensation. However, I did

begin to wonder what had driven me here, to the office of Dr. James Gong in New York’s Chinatown.

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Then I remembered—the torturing pain in that left elbow. [20] Several trips to a hospital and two expensive,

uncomfortable medical tests had failed to produce even a diagnosis. “Maybe you lean on your left arm too much,” the

doctor concluded, suggesting I see a bone doctor. During the hours spent waiting in vain to see a bone doctor, I decided

to take another track and try acupuncture. A Chinese-American friend recommended Dr. Gong. I took the subway to

Gong’s second-floor office, marked with a hand-painted sign.

Dr. Gong speaks English, but not often. Most of my questions to him were greeted with a friendly laugh, but I

managed to let him know where my arm hurt. He asked me to go into a room, had me lie down on a bed, and went to

work. In the next room, I learned, a woman dancer was also getting a treatment. As I lay there a while, I drifted into a

dream-like state and fantasized about what she looked like.

Acupuncturists today are as likely to be found on Park Avenue as on Mott Street. In all, there are an estimated

10,000 acupuncturists in the country. [21] Nowadays, a lot of medical doctors have learned acupuncture techniques; so

have a number of dentists. Reason? Patient demand. Few, though, can adequately explain how acupuncture works.

Acupuncturists may say that the body has more than 800 acupuncture points. A life force called “qi” circulates

through the body. Points on the skin are energetically connected to specific organs, body structures and systems.

Acupuncture points are stimulated to balance the circulation of “qi”.

“The truth is, though, acupuncture is at least 2,200 years old, nobody really knows what’s happening,” says Paul

Zmiewski, a Ph.D. in Chinese studies who practices acupuncture in Philadelphia.

After five treatments, there has been dramatic improvement in my arm, and the pain is a fraction of what it was.

The mainly silent Dr. Gong finally even offered a diagnosis for what troubled me. “Pinched nerve,” he said.

19. What does the speaker find especially strange?

20. Why did the speaker go see Dr. Gong?

21. What accounts for the growing popularity of acupuncture in the United States according to the speaker?

Recording Three

Ronald and Lois, married for two decades, consider themselves a happy couple. [22] But in the early years of their

marriage, both were disturbed by persistent arguments that seem to fade away without ever being truly resolved. They

uncovered clues to what was going wrong by researching a fascinating subject: how birth order affects not only your

personality, but also how compatible you are with your mate.

[23] Ronald and Lois are only children, and “onlies” grow up accustomed to being the apple of their parents’ eyes.

Match two “onlies” and you have partners who subconsciously expect each other to continue fulfilling this expectation, while

neither has much experience in the giving end. Here’s a list of common birth-order characteristics and some thoughts on the

best and worst marital matches for each.

[24] The oldest tends to be self-assured, responsible, a high achiever, and relatively serious and reserved. He may

be slow to make friends, perhaps content with only one companion. The best matches are with a youngest, an “only”,

or a mate raised in a large family. The worst match is with another oldest since the two will be too sovereign to share

a household comfortably. The youngest child of the family thrives on attention and tends to be outgoing, adventurous,

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六级听力真题

optimistic, creative and less ambitious than others in the family. He may lack self-discipline and have difficulty making

decisions on his own.

A youngest brother of brothers, often unpredictable and romantic, will match best with an oldest sister of

brothers. The youngest sister of brothers is best matched with an oldest brother of sisters who will happily indulge these

traits. The middle child is influenced by many variables. However, “middles” are less likely to take initiative and more

anxious and self-critical than others. “Middles” often successfully marry other “middles”, since both are strong on tact,

not so strong on aggressiveness and tend to crave affection.

The only child is often most comfortable when alone. [25] But since an “only” tends to be a well adjusted

individual, she’ll eventually learn to relate to any chosen spouse. The male only child expects his wife to make life

easier without getting much in return. He is sometimes best matched with a younger sister of brothers. The female only

child, who tends to be slightly more flexible, is well matched with an older man, who will indulge her tendency to test

his love. Her worst match? Another “only”, of course.

22. What does the speaker say about Ronald and Lois’s early years of married life?

23. What do we learn about Ronald and Lois?

24. What does the speaker say about the oldest child in a family?

25. What does the speaker say about the only children?

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2018 年 12 月六级听力真题（第二套）





Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear

four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a

question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the

corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.


1. A) It is one of the most fascinating physics books ever written.

B) It describes how some mysteries of physics were solved.

C) It lists the various challenges physicists are confronting.

D) It can benefit professionals and non-professionals alike.

2. A) Stories about some female physicists. C) Historical evolution of modern physics.

B) Physicists’ contribution to humanity. D) Women’s changing attitudes to physics.

3. A) By telling anecdotes about famous professors. C) By describing her own life experiences.

B) By including lots of fascinating knowledge. D) By exposing a lot of myths in physics.

4. A) It avoids detailing abstract concepts of physics.

B) It contains a lot of thought-provoking questions.

C) It provides experiments they can do themselves.

D) It demonstrates how they can become physicists.


5. A) He has no idea how to proceed with his dissertation.

B) He does not understand the professor’s instructions.

C) He does not know what kind of topic to write on.

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D) He is too busy to finish his assignment in time.

6. A) It is challenging. C) It is too broad.

B) It is interesting. D) It is a bit outdated.

7. A) Biography. C) Beauty.

B) Philosophy. D) Nature.

8. A) List the parameters first. C) Develop his reading ability.

B) Stick to the topic assigned. D) Improve his cumulative grade.

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four

questions. Both the passages and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you




9. A) The unprecedented high temperature in Greenland.

B) The unusual cold spell in the Arctic area in October.

C) The collapse of ice on the northern tip of Greenland.

D) The rapid change of Arctic temperature within a day.

10. A) It has puzzled the climate scientists for decades. C) It will pose a serious threat to many species.

B) It typically appears about once every ten years. D) It has created a totally new climate pattern.

11. A) Extinction of Arctic wildlife. C) Iceless summers in the Arctic.

B) Emigration of indigenous people. D) Better understanding of ecosystems.


12. A) A good start. C) A scientific approach.

B) A detailed plan. D) A strong determination.

13. A) Most people get energized after a sufficient test.

B) It is vital to take breaks between demanding mental tasks.

C) It is most important to have confidence in one’s willpower.

D) Most people tend to have a finite source of energy.

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14. A) They found it easier to focus on work at hand. C) They could do more challenging tasks.

B) They held more positive attitudes toward life. D) They could keep on working longer.

15. A) They are subject to change. C) They are related to culture.

B) They are beyond control. D) They are part of their nature.

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The

recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the

four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a

single line through the centre.


16. A) The job market is becoming somewhat unpredictable.

B) The jobs of doctors and lawyers would be threatened.

C) Machine learning would prove disruptive by 2013.

D) About half of current jobs might be automated.

17. A) They could grade high-school essays just like human teachers.

B) They could read as many as 10,000 essays in a single minute.

C) They are widely applicable for massive open online courses.

D) They are now being used by numerous high school teachers.

18. A) It is slow when it comes to tracking novel things. C) It does poorly on frequent, high-volume tasks.

B) It has to rely on huge amounts of previous data. D) It needs instructions throughout the process.


19. A) The generation of steam with the latest technology. C) The theoretical aspects of sustainable energy.

B) The importance of exploring new energy sources. D) The engineering problems with solar power.

20. A) Cut down the city’s energy consumption. C) Upgrade the city’s train facilities.

B) Build a new ten-kilometre railway line. D) Drive trains with solar energy.

21. A) Collect carbon dioxide gas. C) Find a new material for storing energy.

B) Recover super-heated steam. D) Build a tank for keeping calcium oxide.


22. A) The lack of supervision by both the national and local governments.

B) The poor relation between national health and social care services.

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C) The impact of the current economic crisis at home and abroad.

D) The poor management of day centres and home help services.

23. A) It was mainly provided by voluntary services. C) It mainly caters to the needs of the privileged.

B) It called for a sufficient number of volunteers. D) It has deteriorated over the past sixty years.

24. A) More of them suffering serious illnesses. C) Fewer home helpers available.

B) Their preference for private services. D) Their longer lifespans.

25. A) They have contributed a great deal to society. C) They have long been discriminated against.

B) They are vulnerable to illnesses and diseases. D) They are unable to pay for health services.

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2018 年 12 月六级听力真题原文（第二套）



Section A

Conversation One

M: Hey, I just read a great book about physics. I think you’d like it. It’s called The Physics of the World. It’s written by

a scientist named Sylvia Mendez.

W: Oh, I read that book. It was great. The writer is a warm and competent guide to the mysteries of physics. [1] I think

it promises enrichment for any reader, from those who know little about science to the career physicist.

M: And it’s refreshing to see a strong, curious, clever woman adding her voice to the scientific discourse in a field

that has been traditionally dominated by men. [2] I think she is to be commended for making an effort to include

anecdotes about little known female scientists. You know, they were often victims of a generation firmly convinced

that the woman’s place was in the home.

W: [3] I like how the book is clearly written with each chapter brought to life by pieces of fascinating knowledge. For

example, in one chapter she exposes a myth that I’ve heard taught by university physics professors. I’ve often heard

that medieval glass windows are thicker at the bottom because glass flows like a fluid. This, she shows, is not true.

The distortion is actually thanks to a peculiarity of the glassmakers’ process.

M: Yeah! [4] I like how she cultivates scientific engagement by providing a host of do-it-yourself experiments

that bring the same foundational principles of classical physics that govern everything from the solar system to

your kitchen table. From using complex laws of physics to test whether a spinning egg is cooked to measuring

atmospheric pressure by lifting a piece of cardboard, her hands-on examples make her book a truly interactive read.

W: Yes, I must say this equation-free book is an ideal read for scientists of all stripes—anyone teaching science and

even people who dislike physics.

1. What does the woman say about the book the man recommended?

2. What can we find in the book the man recommended?

3. How does the author bring her book to life?

4. How does the book cultivate readers’ interest in physics?

Conversation Two

M: Hi, professor. I was hoping I could have a moment of your time if you’re not too busy. [5] I’m having some

problems getting started on my dissertation, and I was hoping you could give me some advice on how to begin.

W: Sure. I have quite a few students though, so can you remind me what your topic is?

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M: The general topic I chose is aesthetics, but that’s as far as I’ve got. I don’t really know where to go from there.

W: [6] Yeah, that’s much too large a topic. You really need to narrow it down in order to make it more accessible,

otherwise you’ll be writing a book.

M: Exactly. That’s what I wanted to ask you about. I was hoping it would be possible for me to change topics. [7] I’m

really more interested in nature than beauty.

W: [8] I’m afraid you have to adhere to the assigned topic. Still, if you’re interested in nature, then that certainly can be

worked into your dissertation. We’ve talked about Hume before in class, right?

M: Oh, yeah, he’s the philosopher who wrote about where our ideas of beauty come from.

W: Exactly. I suggest you go to the library and get a copy of his biography. Start from there, [8] but remember to stick

to the parameters of the assignment. This paper is a large part of your cumulative grade, so make sure to follow

the instructions. If you take a look at his biography, you can get a good idea of how his life experiences manifest

themselves in his theories of beauty—specifically the way he looked towards nature as the origin of what we find

beautiful.

M: Great. Thanks for taking the time to answer my questions, professor. I’ll let you get back to class now.

W: If there’s anything else you need, please come see me in my office any time.

5. What is the man’s problem?

6. What does the professor think of the man’s topic?

7. What is the man really more interested in?

8. What does the professor say the man has to do?

Section B

Passage One

During the Arctic winter from October to March, the average temperature in the frozen north typically hovers

around minus 20 degrees Celsius. [9] But this year, the Arctic is experiencing much higher temperatures.

[9] On February 20, the temperature in Greenland climbed above freezing or zero degrees Celsius, and it stayed

there for over 24 hours. Then on February 24, the temperature on Greenland’s northern tip reached 6 degrees Celsius.

Climate scientists describe the phenomenon as stunning.

[10] Weather conditions that drive this bizarre temperature surge have visited the Arctic before. They typically

appear about once in a decade. However, the last such increase in temperature took place two years ago. This is

troubling as climbing Arctic temperatures combined with rapid sea-ice loss are creating a new type of climate feedback

loop which could accelerate Arctic warming.

Indeed, sea-ice cover in the Arctic is melting faster than expected. Without those masses of cooling sea ice, warm

air brought to the Arctic can penetrate further inland than it ever did before. The air can stay warmer, longer too. This

drives additional melting.

Overall, Earth is warming at a rapid pace—2014 through 2017 rank as the hottest years on record—and the Arctic

is warming twice as fast as anyplace else on Earth. This raises unique challenges for Arctic wildlife and indigenous

17


people who depend on Arctic ecosystems to survive.

Previously, climate forecasts predicted that Arctic summer ice would disappear entirely by around 2060. [11] But

based on what scientists are seeing now, the Arctic may be facing summers without ice within 20 years.

9. What did climate scientists describe as stunning?

10. What does the passage say about temperature surge in the Arctic?

11. What may occur in 20 years according to scientists’ recent observations?

Passage Two

[12] A good dose of willpower is often necessary to see any task through, whether it’s sticking to a spending plan

or finishing a great novel.

[13] And if you want to increase that willpower, a new study suggests you just simply have to believe you have

it. According to the study, what matters most is what we think about our willpower. If we believe it’s a finite resource,

we act that way, we feel exhausted and need breaks between demanding mental tasks. However, people who view their

willpower as a limitless resource get energized instead.

The researchers used a psychological assessment tool to test the validity of the study. They asked 1,100 Americans

and 1,600 Europeans to grade different statements such as “After a challenging mental activity, my energy is depleted

and I must rest to get it refueled again.” or “I can focus on a mental task for long periods without feeling tired.”

Although there was little difference between men and women overall, [14] Americans were more likely to admit

to needing breaks after completing mentally challenging tasks. European participants, on the other hand, claimed they

were able to keep going.

Based on the findings, the researchers suggest that the key to boosting your willpower is to believe that you have

an abundant supply of it.

“[15] Your feelings about your willpower affect the way you behave. But these feelings are changeable,” they said.

“Changing your beliefs about the nature of your self-control can have positive effects on character development. This

leads to healthier behaviors and perceptions of other people.”

12. What is often necessary for carrying through a task?

13. What is the finding of the new study?

14. What do we learn about European participants as compared with their American counterparts?

15. What do the researchers say concerning people’s feelings about willpower?

Section C

Recording One

Here is my baby niece, Sarah. Her mum is a doctor, and her dad is a lawyer. By the time Sarah goes to college, the

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jobs her parents do are going to look dramatically different.

In 2013, researchers at Oxford University did a study on the future of work. [16] They concluded

that almost one in every two jobs has a high risk of being automated by machines. Machine learning is the

technology that’s responsible for most of this disruption. It’s the most powerful branch of artificial intelligence.

It allows machines to learn from data and copy some of the things that humans can do. My company, Kaggle,

operates on the cutting edge of machine learning. We bring together hundreds of thousands of experts to

solve important problems for industry and academia. This gives us a unique perspective on what machines can

do, what they can’t do and what jobs they might automate or threaten.

Machine learning started making its way into industry in the early 90’s. It started with relatively simple tasks. It

started with things like assessing credit risk from loan applications, sorting the mail by reading handwritten zip codes.

Over the past few years, we have made dramatic breakthroughs. Machine learning is now capable of far, far more

complex tasks. In 2012, Kaggle challenged its community to build a program that could grade high-school essays. [17]

The winning programs were able to match the grades given by human teachers.

Now, given the right data, machines are going to outperform humans at tasks like this. A teacher might read 10,000

essays over a 40-year career; a machine can read millions of essays within minutes. We have no chance of competing

against machines on frequent, high-volume tasks.

But there are things we can do that machines cannot. Where machines have made very little progress is in tackling

novel situations. Machines can’t handle things they haven’t seen many times before. [18] The fundamental limitation

of machine learning is that it needs to learn from large volumes of past data, but humans don’t. We have the ability to

connect seemingly different threads to solve problems we’ve never seen before.

16. What did researchers at Oxford University conclude?

17. What do we learn about Kaggle company’s winning programs?

18. What is the fundamental limitation of machine learning?

Recording Two

[19] We’ve talked recently about the importance of sustainable energy. We’ve also talked about the different

theories on how that can be done. So far, our discussions have all been theoretical. Now I have a practical question for

you all. [20] Can you run a 140,000-kilogram train on just the steam generated by solar power?

Well, one engineer, Tim Castleman, believes it’s possible. And his home city of Sacramento, California should see

the technology’s first test. As part of the upgrading of its rail yard, Castleman, who is an inventor and self-proclaimed

steam visionary, is campaigning for a new steam train that runs without any fire and could run on an existing

10-kilometer line, drawing tourists and perhaps offering city commuters a green alternative to their cars.

Castleman wants to build an array of solar magnifying mirrors at one end of the line to collect and focus heat onto

water filled tubes. This would generate steam that could be used to fill tanks on a small steam train without the use of

fire. “Supplying power to trains in this way would offer the shortest distance from well to wheels,” he says, “with the

least amount of energy lost.”

According to Harry Valentine, a Canadian engineer who is researching modern steam technology, a special tank

19


measuring two by ten meters could store over 750 kilowatt hours of energy as high-pressure steam, enough to pull a

two-car train for an hour or so. Energy to drive a steam locomotive can be stored in other materials besides water.

For example, [21] a team at Tohoku University in Japan has studied materials that can store large

amounts of heat. When heated, these materials turned from a solid into a liquid, absorbing energy as they

change phase. The liquid is maintained above its melting point until steam is required, at which point the

liquid is allowed to turn back into a solid, releasing its stored energy.

Another team at Nagoya University in Japan has tested calcium compound as an energy storage material. Heating

this chemical compound drives off carbon dioxide gas, leaving calcium oxide. The gas can be stored under pressure in

a tank. To recover the energy, the gas is fed back over the calcium oxide. In theory, says Valentine, this can create a high

enough temperature to generate superheated steam.

19. What has the speaker previously talked about?

20. What is Tim Councilman trying to do in Sacramento?

21. What has a Japanese research team tried to do?

Recording Three

Today’s crisis in care for older people in England has two main causes. First, people are living longer with a lot

more complex needs. Second, [22] they rely on a system that has long been marked by a poor relation between national

health and social care services.

Current services originate in two key measures. They are the National Health Service and the 1948 National

Assistance Act. This required local government to provide residential accommodation for older people and supervise

care homes run by independent organizations. They also provided home and community services, including meals, day

centers and home helpers, and other subsidized services. The National Health Service was free and wholly publicly

provided. It delivered the best health care for all. No such vision guided residential and community care, though. [23]

The care was substantially provided by voluntary services which worked together with local authorities as they long had,

with eligibility based on income.

Today, life expectancy has risen from 66 for a male at birth in 1948 to around 80 now. In addition, there is better

overall health and improved medical knowledge in care. This means an unprecedented number of people are surviving

longer in conditions requiring experts’ support. Families provide at least as much care as they ever did. Even so, they

can rarely, without subsidized support, address serious personal needs. Care for older people faced persistent criticism

as these trends became apparent. From the early 1960s, local authorities were required to plan health and welfare

services. The aim was to enable older people to remain in their own homes for as long as possible, but this increased

concern about the lack of coordination between free health and paid-for social care.

Through the 1970s, a number of measures sought to improve matters. However, at a time of financial crisis,

funding diminished and little changed. [24] In the 1980s, the government cut spending. Meanwhile, preference for

private over public services made management even more difficult. Simultaneously, the number of sick, older people

grew. Governments emphasized the need to improve services. They did so, though, while doing little to stop the erosion

of available aid.

Services were irregular across authorities. Unless you were prepared to pay, they were increasingly difficult to

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obtain for any but the most severely disabled.

Why has 60 years of criticism produced so little change? [25] Discrimination against older people has a long

history. Additionally, those affected by inadequate health and social care are too vulnerable to launch the protests that

have addressed other forms of discrimination.

22. What is one cause of the current crisis in care for the elderly in England?

23. What does the speaker say about residential and community care?

24. What made management of care for the elderly more difficult in the 1980s?

25. What does the speaker say about older people in England?

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2019 年 6月六级听力真题（第二套）





Section A






1. A) A six-month-long negotiation. C) A project with a troublesome client.

B) Preparations for the party. D) Gift wrapping for the colleagues.

2. A) Take wedding photos. C) Start a small business.

B) Advertise her company. D) Throw a celebration party.

3. A) Hesitant. C) Flattered.

B) Nervous. D) Surprised.

4. A) Start her own bakery. C) Share her cooking experience.

B) Improve her baking skill. D) Prepare food for the wedding.


5. A) They have to spend more time studying.

B) They have to participate in club activities.

C) They have to be more responsible for what they do.

D) They have to choose a specific academic discipline.

6. A) Get ready for a career. C) Set a long-term goal.

B) Make a lot of friends. D) Behave like adults.

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7. A) Those who share her academic interests. C) Those who can help her when she is in need.

B) Those who respect her student commitments. D) Those who go to the same clubs as she does.

8. A) Those helpful for tapping their potential.

B) Those conducive to improving their social skills.

C) Those helpful for cultivating individual interests.

D) Those conducive to their academic studies.

Section B


questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you




9. A) They break away from traditional ways of thinking. C) They are good at refining old formulas.

B) They are prepared to work harder than anyone else. D) They bring their potential into full play.

10. A) They contributed to the popularity of skiing worldwide.

B) They resulted in a brand new style of skiing techniques.

C) They promoted the scientific use of skiing poles.

D) They made explosive news in the sports world.

11. A) He was recognized as a genius in the world of sports.

B) He competed in all major skiing events in the world.

C) He won three gold medals in one Winter Olympics.

D) He broke three world skiing records in three years.


12. A) They appear restless. C) They become upset.

B) They lose consciousness. D) They die almost instantly.

13. A) It has an instant effect on your body chemistry. C) It leaves you with a long-lasting impression.

B) It keeps returning to you every now and then. D) It contributes to the shaping of your mind.

14. A) To succeed while feeling irritated. C) To be free from frustration and failure.

B) To feel happy without good health. D) To enjoy good health while in dark moods.

15. A) They are closely connected. C) They are too complex to understand.

B) They function in a similar way. D) They reinforce each other constantly.

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Section C






16. A) They differ in their appreciation of music. C) They finger the piano keys in different ways.

B) They focus their attention on different things. D) They choose different pieces of music to play.

17. A) They manage to cooperate well with their teammates.

B) They use effective tactics to defeat their competitors.

C) They try hard to meet the spectators’ expectations.

D) They attach great importance to high performance.

18. A) It marks a breakthrough in behavioral science. C) It supports a piece of conventional wisdom.

B) It adopts a conventional approach to research. D) It gives rise to controversy among experts.


19. A) People’s envy of slim models. C) The increasing range of fancy products.

B) People’s craze for good health. D) The great variety of slimming products.

20. A) They appear vigorous. C) They look charming.

B) They appear strange. D) They look unhealthy.

21. A) Culture and upbringing. C) Peer pressure.

B) Wealth and social status. D) Media influence.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just beard.

22. A) The relation between hair and skin. C) The color of human skin.

B) The growing interest in skin studies. D) The need of skin protection.

23. A) The necessity to save energy. C) The need to breathe with ease.

B) Adaptation to the hot environment. D) Dramatic climate changes on earth.

24. A) Leaves and grass. C) Their skin coloring.

B) Man-made shelter. D) Hair on their skin.

25 A) Their genetic makeup began to change. C) Their children began to mix with each other.

B) Their communities began to grow steadily. D) Their pace of evolution began to quicken.

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2019 年 6月六级听力真题原文（第二套）


Section A

Conversation One

W: Hi, my name’s Cathy. Nice to meet you.

M: Nice to meet you too, Cathy. My name’s John. I’m a university friend of the bride. What about you? Who do you

know at this party?

W: I am a colleague of Brenda. I was a little surprised to be invited, to be honest. We’ve only been working together the

last six months, but we quickly became good friends. [1] We just wrapped up a project with a difficult client last

week. I bet Brenda is glad it’s done with, and she can focus on wedding preparations.

M: Oh, yes. So you are Cathy from the office. Actually I’ve heard a lot about you and that project. The client sounded

like a real nightmare.

W: Oh, he was. I mean we deal with all kinds of people on a regular basis. It’s part of the job, but he was especially

particular. Enough about that, what line of work are you in?

M: Well, right out of college I worked in advertising for a while. Recently though, I turn my photography hobby into a

small business. [2] I’ll actually be taking photos during the big event as a wedding gift.

W: That sounds wonderful and very thoughtful of you. I bake, just as a hobby. But Brenda has asked me to do the cake

for the wedding. [3] I was a bit nervous saying yes because I’m far from a professional.

M: Did you bake the cookies here at the party tonight?

W: Yes, I got the idea from a magazine.

M: They’re delicious! You’ve got nothing to worry about. You are a natural.

W: You really think so?

M: If you hadn’t told me that, I would have guessed they were baked by the restaurant. [4] You know, with your event-

planning experience, you could very well open your own shop.

W: One step at a time. First, I’ll see how baking the wedding cake goes. If it’s not a disaster, maybe I’ll give it some

more thought.

1. What did Cathy and Brenda finish doing last week?

2. What is John going to do for Brenda?

3. How did Cathy feel when asked to bake the cake?

4. What does the man suggest the woman do?

25


Conversation Two

M: You are heading for a completely different world now that you are about to graduate from high school.

W: I know it’s the end of high school, but many of my classmates are going on to the same university, and we are still

required to study hard. So what’s the difference?

M: [5] Many aspects are different here at university. The most important one is that you have to take more individual

responsibility for your actions. It’s up to your own self-discipline—how much effort you put into study. Living in

college dormitories, there are no parents to tell you to study harder or stop wasting time. Lecturers have hundreds of

students and they are not going to follow you up or question you if you miss their lectures.

W: Nobody cares, you mean?

M: It’s not that nobody is concerned about you. [6] It’s just that suddenly at university you are expected to behave like

an adult. That means concentrating on the direction of your life in general and your own academic performance

specifically.

W: For example…?

M: Well, like you need to manage your daily, weekly and monthly schedules, so that you’ll study regularly. Be sure to

attend all classes and leave enough time to finish assignments and prepare well for examinations.

W: OK, and what else is different?

M: Well, in college there are lots of distractions, and you need to control yourself. You will make interesting friends, [7]

but you need only keep the friends who respect your student commitments. [8] Also, there are a lot of wonderful

clubs, but you shouldn’t allocate too much time to club activities, unless they are directly related to your study.

It’s also your choice if you want to go out at night, but you will be foolish to let that affect your class performance

during the day.

W: Well, I’m determined to do well at university and I guess I’m going to have to grow up fast.

5. What does the man say about college students as compared with high schoolers?

6. What are college students expected to do according to the man?

7. What kind of friends does the man suggest the woman make as a college student?

8. What kind of club activities should college students engage in according to the man?

Section B

Passage One

[9] Most successful people are unorthodox persons whose minds wander outside traditional ways of thinking.

Instead of trying to refine old formulas, they invent new ones. When Jean-Claude Killy made the French National Ski

Team in the early 1960s, he was prepared to work harder than anyone else to be the best. At the crack of dawn, he would

run up the slopes with his skis on, an unbelievably backbreaking activity. In the evening, he would do weightlifting and

running. But the other team members were working as hard and long as he was. He realized instinctively that simply

training harder would never be enough. Killy then began challenging the basic theories of racing technique.

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六级听力真题

Each week, he would try something different to see if he could find a better, faster way down the mountain.

[10] His experiments resulted in a new style that was almost exactly opposite the accepted technique of the time. It

involved skiing with his legs apart for better balance and sitting back on the skis when he came to a turn. He also used

ski poles in an unorthodox way to propel himself as he skied. The explosive new style helped cut Killy’s racing time

dramatically. In 1966 and 1967, he captured virtually every major skiing trophy. [11] The next year, he won three gold

medals in the Winter Olympics, a record in ski racing that has never been topped. Killy learned an important secret

shared by many creative people: innovations don’t require genius, just a willingness to question the way things have

always been done.

9. What does the speaker say about most successful people?

10. What does the speaker say about Killy’s experiments?

11. What is said to be Killy’s biggest honor in his skiing career?

Passage Two

Scientific experiments have demonstrated incredible ways to kill a guinea pig, a small furry animal. Emotional

upsets generate powerful and deadly toxic substances. [12] Blood samples taken from persons experiencing intense

fear or anger when injected into guinea pigs have killed them in less than two minutes. Imagine what these poisonous

substances can do to your own body.

[13] Every thought that you have affects your body chemistry within a split second. Remember how you feel when

you are speeding down the highway and a big truck suddenly brakes twenty meters in front of you. A shockwave shoots

through your whole system. Your mind produces instant reactions in your body.

The toxic substances that fear, anger, frustration and stress produce not only kill guinea pigs but kill us off in a

similar manner. [14] It is impossible to be fearful, anxious, irritated and healthy at the same time. It is not just difficult;

it is impossible. Simply put, your body’s health is a reflection of your mental health. Sickness will often then be a result

of unresolved inner conflicts which in time show up in the body.

It is also fascinating how our subconscious mind shapes our health. Do you recall falling sick on a day when you

didn’t want to go to school? Headaches brought on by fear? [15] The mind-body connection is such that if, for example,

we want to avoid something, very often our subconscious mind will arrange it. Once we recognize that these things

happen to us, we are halfway to doing something about them.

12. What happens to guinea pigs when blood samples of angry people are injected into them?

13. What does the speaker say about every thought you have?

14. What does the speaker say is impossible?

15. What does the passage say about our mind and body?

27


Section C

Recording One

Teachers and students alike have experienced the curious paradox that beginners, as a rule, tend to think too little

about what they are doing because they think too much about what they are doing. [16] Take, for example, people who

are learning to play basketball or the piano. They have to give so much thought and attention to the low-level mechanics

of handling the ball or fingering the keys or reading the music, that they are unable to give any thought to the thing that

matters—the game, or the music, respectively. With experts, it’s just the other way around. They are open to the tactical

possibilities and the musical challenges precisely because they are freed, through skill, from the need to pay attention

to the low-level details of how to play. Indeed, when the expert pays attention to the mechanics, this is liable to disrupt

performance.

This has led some to say that the expert operates in a zone “beyond thought”, in a state of flow. But this is

misleading. Expert performance is not beyond thought. [17] Smart basketball players or skilled musicians need to pay

close attention to the demands of high performance, to the challenges to be overcome. What they don’t need to do—

what would be a distraction—is to have to think about where their fingers are, or how to control the ball while running.

It’s not mechanics, but the play itself, that absorbs the expert’s intelligence. [18] A nice video published online last

month sheds light on expertise and the conscious mind. The video reports a new study using an eye-tracking device.

It turns out that the less-skilled pianist spends more time looking at her fingers than does the expert who, in contrast, is

more likely to be looking at the sheet music or looking ahead at keys he’s not yet playing. In general, the expert’s gaze

was calmer and more stable.

[18] This is not a surprising finding. It supports what we might almost think of as conventional wisdom. But it’s

remarkable for all that, nonetheless. The eye tracker gives expert and learning performers a glimpse into what they do

without thinking about it. The topic of the nature of skill—and the differences between beginners and experts—has been

one of considerable discussion in cognitive science and philosophy.

16. What does the speaker say about beginners and expert pianists?

17. What do smart basketball players do according to the speaker?

18. What do we learn about the new study published in an online video?

Recording Two

Every summer when I top up my selection of summer outfits from the department stores, my eyes would nearly pop out of my head. [19] I’m overwhelmed with a wide range of different slimming products each year. And more shockingly, these products are often advocated by very slim models. Having lived in Asia for almost ten years now, I’ve seen various dieting tips come and go. I remember in Japan people heading directly to the fruit section in the supermarket when the banana diet was at its peak. Then there was the black tea and oolong tea diet followed by the soybean diet and the tomato juice diet. The list goes on and on.

Apart from what people eat, I’ve also seen many interesting slimming products. In Hongkong, I’ve seen girls

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六级听力真题

wrapping their whole body or both legs up with a special type of slimming tape which is supposed to help make them thinner. [20] But it just reminded me of the roasted ham my mother usually puts on the dinner table of Christmas. Then there were the face slimming rollers that were said to improve your blood circulation and make your face smaller. Personally, I do not believe in any of these slimming gadgets, and I think I have a very different perspective when it comes to the definition of what is beautiful. Asian women prefer to avoid the sun because being pale or white is considered beautiful, whereas a tanned complexion is considered much more beautiful and sexy in the west. [21] It is most certainly shaped by a person’s culture as well as how they were raised in their childhood. As each summer season approaches, there’s no escape from it.

But it’s not only women who are affected by this pressure to look good. Men aspire to be able to show off their six-packs or their V-shape backs and there’s a growing market of slimming pills aimed at men, too. I think no matter what diets we follow or what slimming products we obsess ourselves with, at the end of the day there’s no magic trick to shape up for the summer. Eat in a balance way and incorporate the right level of physical activity. For me, this still seems to be the best plan.

19. What overwhelms the speaker when she buys her summer outfits each year?

20. What does the speaker think of girls wrapping their legs up with slimming tape?

21. What does the speaker think affects people’s interpretation of beauty?

Recording Three

Skin may seem like a superficial human attribute, but it is the first thing we notice about anyone we meet. As a

zoologist focusing on the studies of apes and monkeys, [22] I’ve been studying why humans evolved to become the

naked ape, and why skin comes in so many different shades around the world.

We can make a very good estimate from the fossil record that humans probably evolved naked skin around a

million and a half years ago. And meanwhile, they mostly lost their coat of fur. Today, we have a few patches of hair

remaining on various parts of our bodies. But compared with apes and monkeys, we have very little. Basically, we

turned our skin darker to serve as a natural sun protector in the place of the hair we lost. [23] We think we lost this hair

because of the need to keep ourselves cool when we were moving around vigorously in a hot environment. We can’t

really lose heat by breathing quickly and loudly like dogs. We have to do it by sweating. So we evolved the ability to

sweat plentifully and lost most of our fur.

[24] Most animals protect themselves from the sun with fur. What we did in our ancestry was to produce more

permanent natural coloring in our skin cells. This was really an important revolution in human history, because it

allowed us to continue to evolve in equatorial environments. It really made it possible for us to continue along the path

toward modern humans in Africa.

For most of the human history, we all had dark skin. What we see today is the product of evolutionary events,

resulting from the dispersal of a few human populations out of Africa around 60,000 to 70,000 years ago. Our

species originated around 200,000 years ago, and underwent tremendous diversification—culturally, technologically,

linguistically, artistically—for 130,000 years. After that, a few small populations left Africa to populate the rest of the

world. These early ancestors of modern Eurasians disperse into parts of the world that had more seasonal sunshine

and much lower levels of sun radiation. [25] It’s in these populations that we begin to see real changes in the genetic

29


make-up of natural coloring.

Today, skin color is evolving via new mixtures of people coming together and having children with new mixtures

of skin color genes. We can see this in almost every large city worldwide. Not only the coloring genes, but lots of other

genes are getting mixed up, too.

22. What does the speaker mainly talk about?

23. What had probably caused humans to lose most of their hair one and a half million years ago?

24. What does the speaker say protected early humans from the sun?

25. What happened after humans migrated from Africa to other parts of the world?

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Section A






1. A) It focuses exclusively on jazz. C) It has several branches in London.

B) It sponsors major jazz concerts. D) It displays albums by new music talents.

2. A) It originated with cowboys. C) Its listeners are mostly young people.

B) Its market has now shrunk. D) It remains as widespread as hip-hop music.

3. A) Its definition is varied and complicated. C) It is frequently accompanied by singing.

B) It is still going through experimentation. D) Its style has remained largely unchanged.

4. A) Learn to play them. C) Listen to them yourself.

B) Take music lessons. D) Consult jazz musicians.


5. A) She paid her mortgage. C) She made a business plan.

B) She called on the man. D) She went to the bank.

6. A) Her previous debt hadn’t been cleared yet. C) She had apparently asked for too much.

B) Her credit history was considered poor. D) She didn’t pay her mortgage in time.

7. A) Pay a debt long overdue. C) Start her own business.

B) Buy a piece of property. D) Check her credit history.

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8. A) Seek advice from an expert about fundraising. C) Build up her own finances step by step.

B) Ask for smaller loans from different lenders. D) Revise her business proposal carefully.

Section B


questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you




9. A) It is fertile and productive. C) It is well located and completely automated.

B) It is small and unconventional. D) It is profitable and environmentally friendly.

10. A) Their wish to set a new farming standard. C) Their desire to improve farming equipment.

B) Their urge to make farming more enjoyable. D) Their hope to revitalize traditional farming.

11. A) It causes hardly any pollution. C) It saves a lot of electricity.

B) It loosens soil while weeding. D) It needs little maintenance.


12. A) It has started to expand business outside the UK.

B) It has imported some exotic foods from overseas.

C) It has turned certain insects into a new food source.

D) It has joined hands with Sainsbury’s to sell pet insects.

13. A) It was really unforgettable. C) It hurt his throat slightly.

B) It was a pleasant surprise. D) It made him feel strange.

14. A) They are more tasty than beef, chicken or pork.

B) They are more nutritious than soups and salads.

C) They contain more protein than conventional meats.

D) They will soon gain popularity throughout the world.

15. A) It is environmentally friendly. C) It requires new technology.

B) It is a promising industry. D) It saves huge amounts of labour.

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Section C






16. A) To categorize different types of learners.

B) To find out what students prefer to learn.

C) To understand the mechanism of the human brain.

D) To see if they are inherent traits affecting learning.

17. A) It was defective. C) It was original in design.

B) It was misguided. D) It was thought-provoking.

18. A) Auditory aids are as important as visual aids.

B) Visual aids are helpful to all types of learners.

C) Reading plain texts is more effective than viewing pictures.

D) Scientific concepts are hard to understand without visual aids.


19. A) Not playing a role in a workplace revolution.

B) Not benefiting from free-market capitalism.

C) Not earning enough money to provide for the family.

D) Not spending enough time on family life and leisure.

20. A) People would be working only fifteen hours a week now.

B) The balance of power in the workplace would change.

C) Technological advances would create many new jobs.

D) Most workers could afford to have house of their own.

21. A) Loss of workers’ personal dignity. C) Deterioration of workers’ mental health.

B) Deprivation of workers’ creativity. D) Unequal distribution of working hours.


22. A) It is the worst managed airport in German history.

B) It is now the biggest and busiest airport in Europe.

C) It has become something of a joke among Germans.

D) It has become a typical symbol of German efficiency.

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23. A) The city’s airports are outdated. C) The city wanted to boost its economy.

B) The city had just been reunified. D) The city wanted to attract more tourists.

24. A) The municipal government kept changing hands. C) Shortage of funding delayed its construction.

B) The construction firm breached the contract. D) Problems of different kinds kept popping up.

25. A) Tourism industry in Berlin suffers. C) Huge maintenance costs accumulate.

B) All kinds of equipment get rusted. D) Complaints by local residents increase.

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Section A

Conversation One

M: Excuse me, where’s your rock music section?

W: Rock music? I’m sorry. We are a jazz store. We don’t have any rock and roll.

M: Oh, you only have jazz music? Nothing else?

W: That’s right. [1] We’re the only record store in London dedicated exclusively to jazz. Actually, We’re more than just

a record store. We have a cafe and a library upstairs and a ticket office down the hall where you can buy tickets to all

the major jazz concerts in the city. Also, we have our own studio next door, where we produce albums for up-and-

coming artists. We are committed to fostering new music talent.

M: Wow, that’s so cool! [2] I guess there’s not much of a jazz scene anymore, not like there used to be. But here you’re

trying to promote this great music genre.

W: Yes, indeed. Nowadays most people like to listen to pop and rock music. Hip hop music from America is also

getting more and more popular. So as a result, there are fewer listeners of jazz, which is a great shame, because it’s

an incredibly rich genre. But that’s not to say there isn’t any good new jazz music being made out there anymore.

Far from it. It’s just a much smaller market today.

M: So how would you define jazz?

W: Well, interestingly enough, [3] there’s no agreed-upon definition of jazz. Indeed, there are many different styles of

jazz. Some have singing, but most don’t; some are electric and some aren’t; some contain live experimentation, but

not always. While there’s no simple definition for it, and while there are many different styles of jazz, you simply

know it when you hear it. Honestly, [4] the only way to know what jazz is to listen to it yourself. As a great trumpet

player Louis Armstrong said, “If you gotta ask, you’ll never know.”

1. What do we learn about the woman’s store?

2. What does the man say about jazz music?

3. What does the woman say about jazz?

4. What should you do to appreciate different styles of jazz according to the woman?

Conversation Two

M: [5] How did it go in the bank this morning?

W: Not well. My proposal was rejected.

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M: Really? But why?

W: Bunch of reasons. [6] For starters, they said my credit history was not good enough.

M: Did they say how you could improve that?

W: Yes. They said that after five more years of paying my mortgage, then I would become a more viable candidate for a

business loan. But right now, it’s too risky for them to lend me money. They fear I will default on any business loan

I’m given.

M: Well, that doesn’t sound fair. Your business idea is amazing. [7] Did you show them your business plan? What did

they say?

W: [7] They didn’t really articulate any position regarding the actual business plan. They simply looked at my credit

history and determined it was not good enough. They said the bank has strict guidelines and requirements as to who

they can lend money to. And I simply don’t meet their financial threshold.

M: What if you ask for a smaller amount? [8] Maybe you could gather capital from other sources, smaller loans from

more lenders?

W: You don’t get it. It doesn’t matter the size of the loan I ask for, or the type of business I propose. That’s all

inconsequential. The first thing every bank will do is study how much money I have and how much debt I have

before they decide whether or not to lend me any more money. [7] If I want to continue ahead with this dream of

owning my own business, I have no other choice but to build up my own finances. I need around 20% more in

personal savings and 50% less debt. That’s all there is to it.

M: I see now. Well, it’s a huge pity that they rejected your request. But don’t lose hope. I still think that your idea is

great and that you’ll turn it into a phenomenal success.

5. What did the woman do this morning?

6. Why was the woman’s proposal rejected?

7. What is the woman planning to do?


Section B

Passage One

[9] There’s a lot about Leo Sanchez and his farm in Salinas, California that seems unusual. The national average farm size is around 440 acres, but his is only one acre. The average age of farmers hovers around 58 years old, but he is just 26. And Sanchez constantly attempts to improve everything from seeding techniques out in the field to the promotion and sale of his produce online. This is evidence of an experimental approach. It’s an approach not dictated by the confines of conventional, large-scale agriculture led by international corporations.

While farming is often difficult for both the body and mind, [10] Sanchez says he and many of his fellow young farmers are motivated by desire to set a new standard for agriculture. Many of them are employing a multitude of technologies, some new and some not so new.

[11] Recently, Sanchez bought a hand-operated tool which pulls out weeds and loosens soil. It actually dates back to at least 1701. It stands in sharp contrast to Sanchez’s other gadget: a gas-powered flame weed killer invented in 1997.

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He simply doesn’t discriminate when it comes to the newness of tools. If it works, it works. Farmers have a long history of invention, and it’s no different today. Young farmers are guided by their love

for agriculture and aided by their knowledge of technology. To find inexpensive and appropriately-sized tools, they collaborate and innovate. Sometimes the old stuff just works better or more efficiently.

9. What do we learn about Leo Sanchez’s farm?

10. What has motivated Leo Sanchez and his fellow young farmers to engage in farming?

11. Why did Leo Sanchez buy a hand-operated weeding tool?

Passage Two

[12] Eat Grub is Britain’s first new food company that breaks Western food boundaries by introducing edible

insects as a new source of food. And Sainsbury’s is the first UK supermarket to stock the company’s crunchy roasted

crickets. Sainsbury’s insist that such food is no joke and could be a new sustainable source of protein.

Out of curiosity, I paid a visit to Sainsbury’s. As I put my hand into a packet of crickets with their tiny eyes and

legs, the idea of one going in my mouth made me feel a little sick. [13] But the first bite was a pleasant surprise, a little

dry and lacking of taste, but at least a wing didn’t get stuck in my throat. The roasted seasoning largely overpowered

any other flavor, although there was slightly bitter aftertaste. The texture was crunchy, but smelt a little of cat food.

Eat Grub also recommends the crickets as a topping for noodles, soups and salads. [14] The company boasts that

its dried crickets contain more protein than beef, chicken and pork, as well as minerals like iron and calcium.

[15] Unlike the production of meat, bugs do not use up large amounts of land, water or feed, and insect farming

also produces far fewer greenhouse gases. However, despite 2 billion people worldwide already supplementing their

diet with insects, “consumer disgust” remains a large barrier in many Western countries. I’m not sure bugs will become

a popular snack anytime soon, but they’re definitely food for thought.

12. What do we learn from the passage about the food company Eat Grub?

13. What does the speaker say about his first bite of roasted crickets?

14. What does the Eat Grub say about its dried crickets?

15. What does the passage say about insect farming?

Section C

Recording One

Have you ever had someone try to explain something to you a dozen times with no luck, but then when you see a

picture, the idea finally clicks? If that sounds familiar, maybe you might consider yourself a visual learner. Or, if reading

or listening does the trick, maybe you feel like you’re a verbal learner. We call these labels “learning styles”. But is

there really a way to categorize different types of students? Well, it actually seems that multiple presentation formats,

especially if one of them is visual, help most people learn.

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[16] When psychologists and educators test for learning styles, they’re trying to figure out whether these are

inherent traits that affect how well students learn, instead of just a preference. Usually they start by giving a survey to

figure out what style a student favors, like visual or verbal learning. Then they try to teach the students something with

a specific presentation style, like using visual aids, and do a follow-up test to see how much they learned. That way,

the researchers can see if the self-identified verbal learners really learned better when the information was just spoken

aloud, for example.

But, according to a 2008 review, only one study that followed this design found that students actually learned best

with their preferred style. [17] But the study has some big flaws. The researchers excluded two-thirds of the original

participants because they didn’t seem to have any clear learning style from the survey at the beginning. And they didn’t

even report the actual test scores in the final paper. So it doesn’t really seem like learning styles are an inherent trait

that we all have. But that doesn’t mean that all students will do amazingly, if they just spend all their time reading from

a textbook. Instead, most people seem to learn better if they’re taught in several ways, especially if one is visual. In

one study, researchers tested whether students remembered lists of words better if they heard them, saw them, or both.

And everyone seemed to do better if they got to see the words in print—even the self-identified auditory learners. Their

preference didn’t seem to matter. Similar studies tested whether students learned basic physics and chemistry concepts

better by reading plain text or viewing pictures, too. [18] And everyone did better with the help of pictures.

16. Why do psychologists and educators study learning styles?

17. What does the speaker say about one study mentioned in the 2008 review?

18. What message does the speaker want to convey about learning at the end of the talk?

Recording Two

Free-market capitalism hasn’t freed us—it has trapped us. It’s imperative for us to embrace a workplace

revolution. We are unlikely to spend our last moments regretting that we didn’t spend enough of our lives slaving away

at work. [19] We may instead find ourselves feeling guilty about the time we didn’t spend watching our children grow,

or with our loved ones, or traveling, or on the cultural or leisure pursuits that bring us happiness. Unfortunately, the

average full-time employee in the world works 42 hours a week, well over a third of time we are awake. Some of our

all too precious time is being stolen: office workers do around two billion hours of unpaid overtime each year. So it’s

extremely welcome that some government coalitions have started looking into potentially cutting the working week to

four days.

The champions of free market capitalism promised their way of life would bring us freedom. But it wasn’t freedom

at all: from the lack of secure, affordable housing to growing job insecurity and rising personal debt, the individual is

trapped. [20] Nine decades ago, leading economists predicted that technological advances and rising productivity would

mean that we’d be working a 15-hour week by now: that target has been somewhat missed.

Here is the most malignant threat to our personal freedom, particularly as the balance of power in the workplace

has been shifted so dramatically from worker to boss. A huge portion of our lives involves the surrender of our freedom

and personal autonomy. [21] It’s time in which we are directed by the needs and desires of others, and denied the

right to make our own choices. That’s bad for us: it’s hardly surprising that over half a million workers suffer from

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work-related mental health conditions each year, or that 15.4 million working days were lost to work-related stress last

year, a jump of nearly a quarter.

Yes, there are those who, far from being overworked, actually seek more hours. But a shorter working week would

enable us to redistribute hours from the overworked to the underworked. We need to look at the ways of cutting the

working week without slashing living standards: after all, world workers have already suffered the worst deduction in

wages since the early 1800s. And cutting the working week would be conducive to the individual, giving millions of

workers more time to spend as they see fit.

19. What do people often feel guilty about according to the speaker?

20. What did leading economist predict 90 years ago?

21. What is the result of denying workers’ right to make their own choices?

Recording Three

Today I’m going to talk about Germany’s dream airport in Berlin. The airport looks exactly like every other major

modern airport in Europe, except for one big problem: more than seven years after it was originally supposed to open, it

still stands empty.

Germany is known for its efficiency and refined engineering, but when it comes to its new ghost airport, this

reputation could not be further from the truth. [22] Plagued by long delays, perpetual mismanagement and ever-soaring

costs, the airport has become something of a joke among Germans, and a source of frustration for local politicians,

business leaders and residents alike.

[23] Planning for the new airport began in 1989. At the time, it became clear that the newly-reunified Berlin would

need a modern airport with far greater capacity than its existing airports. The city broke ground on the new airport in

2006.

The first major sign of problems came in summer 2010, when the construction corporation pushed the opening

from October 2011 to June 2012. In 2012, the city planned an opening ceremony. But less than a month beforehand,

inspectors found significant problems with the fire safety system, and pushed the opening back again to 2013. [24] It

wasn’t just the smoke system. Many other major problems subsequently emerged: more than 90 metres of cable were

incorrectly installed; four thousand doors were wrongly numbered; escalators were too short and there was a shortage

of check-in desks.

So why with so many problems discovered, didn’t the airport corporation decide to give up on the project and

start over? The reason is simple. People are often hesitant to terminate a project when they’ve already invested time

or resources into it, even if it might make logical sense to do so. The longer the delays continued, the more problems

inspectors found. Leadership of the planning corporation has changed hands nearly as many times as the opening date

has been pushed back. Initially, rather than appointing a general contractor to run the project, the corporation decided

to manage it themselves, despite lack of the experience with an undertaking of that scale. [25] To compound the delays,

the unused airport is resulting in massive costs. Every month it remains unopened costs between 9 and 10 million euros.

Assuming all goes well, the airport should open in October 2020, [25] but the still empty airport stands as the

biggest embarrassment to Germany’s reputation for efficiency and a continuing drain on city and state resources.

39


22. What does the speaker say about the dream airport in Berlin?

23. Why was there a need for a new airport in Berlin?

24. Why did Berlin postpone the opening of its dream airport again and again?

25. What happens while the airport remains unused?

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Section A






1. A) A driving test. C) Traffic routes.

B) A video game. D) Cargo logistics.

2. A) He found it instructive and realistic. C) He was really drawn to its other versions.

B) He bought it when touring Europe. D) He introduced it to his brother last year.

3. A) Traveling all over the country. C) The details in the driving simulator.

B) Driving from one city to another. D) The key role of the logistics industry.

4. A) Clearer road signs. C) Stricter traffic rules.

B) More people driving safely. D) More self-driving trucks on the road.


5. A) It isn’t so enjoyable as he expected.

B) It isn’t so motivating as he believed.

C) It doesn’t enable him to earn as much money as he used to.

D) It doesn’t seem to offer as much freedom as he anticipated.

6. A) Not all of them care about their employees’ behaviors.

B) Few of them are aware of their employees’ feelings.

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C) Few of them offer praise and reward to their employees.

D) Not all of them know how to motivate their employees.

7. A) Job satisfaction. C) Autonomy.

B) Self-awareness. D) Money.

8. A) The importance of cultivating close relationships with clients.

B) The need for getting recommendations from their managers.

C) The advantages of permanent full-time employment.

D) The way to explore employees’ interests and talents.

Section B


questions. Both the passages and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you




9. A) Consumers visualize their activities in different weather.

B) Good weather triggers consumers’ desire to go shopping.

C) Weather conditions influence consumers’ buying behavior.

D) Consumers’ mental states change with the prices of goods.

10. A) Active consumption. C) Individual association.

B) Direct correlation. D) Mental visualization.

11. A) Enabling them to simplify their mathematical formulas.

B) Helping them determine what to sell and at what price.

C) Enabling them to sell their products at a higher price.

D) Helping them advertise a greater variety of products.


12. A) A naturally ventilated office is more comfortable.

B) A cool office will boost employees’ productivity.

C) Office air-conditioning should follow guidebooks.

D) Air-conditioning improves ventilation in the office.

13. A) People in their comfort zone of temperature are more satisfied with their productivity.

B) People in different countries vary in their tolerance to uncomfortable temperatures.

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C) Twenty-two degrees is the optimal temperature for office workers.

D) There is a range of temperatures for people to feel comfortable.

14. A) It will have no negative impact on work. C) It will sharply decrease work efficiency.

B) It will be immediately noticeable. D) It will cause a lot of discomfort.

15. A) They tend to favor lower temperatures.

B) They suffer from rapid temperature changes.

C) They are not bothered by temperature extremes.

D) They become less sensitive to high temperatures.

Section C






16. A) It overlooked the possibility that emotions may be controlled.

B) It ignored the fact that emotions are personal and subjective.

C) It classified emotions simply as either positive or negative.

D) It measured positive and negative emotions independently.

17. A) Sitting alone without doing anything seemed really distressing.

B) Solitude adversely affected the participants’ mental well-being.

C) Sitting alone for 15 minutes made the participants restless.

D) Solitude had a reductive effect on high-arousal emotions.

18. A) It proved hard to depict objectively. C) It helped increase low-arousal emotions.

B) It went hand in hand with sadness. D) It tended to intensify negative emotions.


19. A) It uses up much less energy than it does in deep thinking.

B) It remains inactive without burning calories noticeably.

C) It continues to burn up calories to help us stay in shape.

D) It consumes almost a quarter of the body’s total energy.

20. A) Much of the consumption has nothing to do with conscious activities.

B) It has something to do with the difficulty of the activities in question.

C) Energy usage devoted to active learning accounts for a big part of it.

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D) A significant amount of it is for performing difficult cognitive task.

21. A) It is believed to remain basically constant. C) It is conducive to relieving mental exhaustion.

B) It is a prerequisite for any mental activity. D) It is thought to be related to food consumption.


22. A) Job candidates rarely take it seriously.

B) Job seekers tend to have a ready answer.

C) Job seekers often feel at a loss where to start in answering it.

D) Job candidates can respond freely due to its open-ended nature.

23. A) Follow their career coaches’ guidelines. C) Do their best to impress the interviewer.

B) Strive to take control of their narrative. D) Repeat the information on their résumé.

24. A) To reflect on their past achievements as well as failures.

B) To produce examples for different interview questions.

C) To discuss important details they are going to present.

D) To identify a broad general strength to elaborate on.

25. A) Getting acquainted with the human resources personnel.

B) Finding out why the company provides the job opening.

C) Figuring out what benefits the company is able to offer them.

D) Tailoring their expectations to the company’s long-term goal.

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Section A

Conversation One

W: This is unbelievable. [1] Unlike any video game I’ve ever played before, it’s so boring yet so relaxing at the same

time. How did you hear about this driving simulator?

M: My brother introduced it to me last year. [2] I was surprised to find how educational and realistic it was. It’s called

Euro Truck Simulator, but they have other versions as well for America and so on. I was really drawn to the scenery

the routes go through parts of the country you don’t normally see as a tourist.

W: Yeah, I can see that. It seems so simple—just transporting cargo from point A to point B, driving from one city to

another. [3] But I really appreciate all the details that go into the game. It’s even given me a new appreciation for the

logistics industry and traffic on the road.

M: I completely agree. My brother also introduced me to some videos of someone that streams their game online. It

was fascinating to watch really. This guy drove very carefully, obeyed all the road signs and traffic rules—such a

contrast to most violent games.

W: Honestly, playing has inspired me to look into the industry more. I’ve read articles about how self-driving trucks

may soon be available and could greatly impact cargo logistics. Considering all that goes into driving these larger

vehicles, it’s amazing that we could soon have that kind of technology.

M: Ha, I’ve got one step further. I registered to take a safe driving course to improve my real-life driving skills. In a

way, I feel like I have a head start compared to other students in the class. Playing this video game has given me

some maneuvering practices already.

W: I’m not sure how accurate the video game is compared to real-life situations, [4] but if it results in more drivers

looking both ways before entering an intersection, I’d say that’s a positive outcome.

1. What are the speakers mainly talking about?

2. What does the man say about the driving simulator?

3. What does the woman say she really appreciates?

4. What outcome does the woman expect from the driving simulator?

Conversation Two

W: How do you like being self-employed?

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M: [5] There are obvious benefits, though I don’t seem to have the freedom I anticipated as I just don’t seem able

to decline work offers. And working alone, there have been times when I’ve found that money alone provides

insufficient motivation. Have you experienced the same since you began working for yourself?

W: Sometimes yes. Unlike the rest of the workforce who have managers to prompt motivation whenever they’re

feeling lazy or bored, we self-employed workers perform our jobs without a manager to lift our spirits. There’s no

one around to offer praise or initiate collaboration, no one to make greater use of our interests and talents.

M: That’s a fact. Not every manager behaves with such awareness and care, of course. [6] And certainly, not all

managers have a clue how to motivate people. Still having a manager nearby at least indicates there’s an opportunity

they’ll be decent enough to look out for you when your energy and focus begin to deplete.

W: [7] The motivator I value most is autonomy. I’ve learned not to sacrifice my prized autonomy by working all hours

of the day and by saying “yes” to every client request.

M: [7] Yes. I need to remind myself that I selected this lifestyle for the independence. I don’t miss aspects of permanent

full-time employment I disliked such as the office politics, job insecurity, inflexible hours and so on. I wouldn’t

mind a bit more in the form of praise though—praise which is on the record.

W: That’ll come with time. [8] Relativeness is inevitably cultivated via human interaction. Engaging with clients,

getting written testimony and recommendations, staying in contact with clients afterwards... these are things you’ll

find will come into course and provide you with motivation.

M: [8] You’re right. That’s an area I do need to put some more effort into: building closer relationships with those who

engage my services and skills.

5. What does the man say about his life of being self-employed?

6. What does the man say about managers?

7. What do both speakers value most about self-employment?

8. On what point does the man agree with the woman?

Section B

Passage One

Weather is a constant force in our lives, but there is little marketing research on how it affects businesses. [9] Now

a new study reveals how sunny and snowy conditions influence consumer behavior. [10] Those weather conditions

trigger consumers to mentally visualize using products associated with the respective weather. This leads to consumers

placing a higher value on those products. That is, they’re willing to pay more money for them. But the correlation is

only found with products related to being outside.

How does this work? Researchers give the example of a beach towel. On a sunny day, consumers who see

that product are not just looking at the towel itself. They are likely imagining themselves lying on the towel in the

sun. [10] This mental picture of using the towel increases the value of the product in the consumer’s mind.

Researchers put forward the following hypothesis to explain their findings. They think the mental picture works

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in sunshine and snow, because these weather conditions have a positive association with outside activities. The effect is

not seen with rainy weather. Researchers assert this is because there aren’t many activities that are enabled by rain. Most

products associated with rain, like umbrellas, are only used for protection from the weather and not for any activities.

Researchers believe that companies that sell a wide array of products online can benefit most from the insights this

study provides. [11] Online sellers often use complex mathematical formulas to determine what products to feature

and how to price those products. Incorporating more data about weather would allow them to make better decisions.

This could bolster sales.

9. What do we learn about the findings of the new study?

10. What does the passage say may increase the value of products for consumers?

11. How can the findings of the new study benefit online sellers according to the researchers?

Passage Two

Setting the office air-conditioning at about 22 ℃ has become standard practice across the world. Numerous

guidebooks across the world on heating, ventilation and air-conditioning claim office performance peaks at 22 ℃ .

Many people indeed find relief from soaring summer temperatures in air-conditioned offices. [12] But recent studies

have challenged the accepted wisdom that a cool office is more productive. The reality is more complex.

Researchers conducted a review of all studies relating to air-conditioning and productivity. They found that 22℃

was probably a little chilly even at the height of summer. [13] For a person dressed in typical summer clothing, an

optimal range would be between 23℃ and 26℃ . And people can even tolerate temperatures beyond this comfort zone

as long as they can adjust their clothing and expectations. [14] In fact, even on very hot days, it makes sense to turn the

air-conditioning up. People often chase just one optimum temperature, and this is understandable when people feel hot,

but there is a range of at least 3℃ to 4℃ which does not have any adverse impact.

Another issue related to this is that people can become psychologically dependent on air-conditioning. [15] If they

are used to the environment which is air conditioned, they tend to prefer lower temperatures. But the studies found that

almost all humans became accustomed to the new temperature. It was only at the extreme ends of the temperature

range where people’s productivity suffered. This range was above 26℃ and below 19℃ .

12. What is the accepted wisdom concerning the office environment?

13. What did researchers find from the review of all studies relating to air-conditioning and productivity?

14. What do we learn about using a little less air-conditioning during hot weather?

15. What happens when people are used to an air-conditioned environment?

Section C

Recording One

Psychology research has tended to portray solitude as a negative experience. Studies conducted in the 1970s and

47


1990s suggested that people felt less happy when alone as compared to being with others. However, a new paper shows

an alternative view of solitude—one in which solitude can be positive.

Let’s start by looking at the earlier research. It had a couple of shortcomings. First, it measured emotion on a

scale from positive to negative overlooking the possibility that our positive and negative emotions can fluctuate

independently. [16] Also, it categorized emotions as simply positive or negative. It didn’t consider that emotions arouse

us to different degrees and that both positive and negative emotions can arouse us a lot or a little. That is whether

positive or negative, emotions can be either a high-arousal or low-arousal. High arousal emotions include excitement on

the positive side or anger on the negative side while low arousal ones include feeling calm on the positive side, or lonely

on the negative.

This new research attempted to overcome these shortcomings. Researchers began with a simple study. They

asked participants to spend 15 minutes sitting alone without engaging in any activity and measured how this solitude

influenced their emotional state. [17] This experiment specifically aimed to determine the effect of solitude on high

arousal emotions. It looked at positive emotions such as being excited or interested and negative emotions, including

being scared or distressed. The results were clear. [17] After 15 minutes of solitude, the participants showed reductions

in both types of emotion.

[18] A second study measured the effects of solitude on low arousal emotions. These included both positive and

negative emotions, such as feeling calm, relaxed, sad or lonely. [18] That experiment found that all of these emotions

were increased by time alone. Thus it seems past depictions of solitude were wrong. It doesn’t have a simple emotional

effect that can be characterized as “good” or “bad”. Rather, it changes the intensity of our inner experience. It amplifies

quieter emotions, but it diminishes the intensity of stronger feelings.

It’s worth clarifying that these findings relate to relatively brief periods of solitude. This is distinct from prolonged

loneliness. Research has demonstrated that the latter is correlated with an assortment of negative physical and

psychological effects.

How can people benefit from being alone? The findings here suggest that people can use solitude to regulate their

emotions. Solitude can help us become quiet after excitement, calm after an angry episode or simply feel at peace.

16. What is one of the criticisms directed at the early research on solitude?

17. What do we learn about the results of the new research?

18. What did the second experiment in the new research find about solitude?

Recording Two

In 1984, the World Chess Championships was called off abruptly due to the withered frame of a player who was

competing for the title. He wasn’t alone in experiencing the extreme physical effects of the game.

Elite players can reportedly burn up to an absurd 6,000 calories in one day. Does that mean that thinking harder is

a simple root to losing weight? [19] Well, when the body is at rest, we know that the brain uses up a startling 20—25%

of the body’s overall energy. This level of utilization actually makes the brain the most energy-expensive organ in the

body. And yet, it makes up only 2% of the body’s weight overall.

[20] So the more we put this organ to work, the more calories will burn? Technically, the answer is yes for

48

六级听力真题

cognitively difficult tasks. What counts as a “difficult mental task” varies between individuals, but generally it could

be described as something that the brain cannot solve easily using previously learned routines or tasks that change

the conditions continuously. However, deep-thinking will not burn off the calories gained from eating a sugary snack,

because in relation to the brain’s huge, overall energy usage, which is devoted to a multitude of tasks, the energy

required just to think harder is actually comparatively tiny.

We’re unconscious of most of what uses up the brain’s energy. A lot of that activity is unrelated to conscious

activities like learning how to sing or play the guitar. The brain is able to allocate blood and thus energy to particular

regions that are being active at that point, [21] but the overall energy availability in the brain is thought to be constant.

So while there might be significant increases in energy use at localized regions of the brain when we perform difficult

cognitive tasks, when it comes to the whole brain’s energy budget overall, these activities don’t significantly alter it.

So why did the chess champion grow too skinny to compete in his chess competition? The general consensus is

that it mostly comes down to stress and reduced food consumption, not mental exhaustion. Keeping your body pumped

up for action for long periods of time is very energy-demanding. If you can’t eat as often or as much as you can or would

normally, then you might lose weight.

19. What do we learn about the brain when the body is at rest?

20. What does the speaker say about the consumption of the brain’s energy?

21. What do we learn about the overall energy availability in the brain?

Recording Three

[22] “Tell me about yourself” may seem like an easy job interview question, but the open-ended nature of this

question often leaves job seekers at a loss where to start. This common question is actually a critical test of a job

candidate’s communication skills, so it’s important not to give an unprepared response or mess it up.

“Tell me about yourself” is often the first question professional career coaches prepare people for when they give

interview guidance. It’s the opportunity for the candidate to take control of the narrative and tell their story in a way that

really matters to their audience. It takes hard work and extensive preparation to answer this question well.

When a person goes to a job interview, their interviewer has presumably read their resume, so they don’t need

to repeat the information. [23] But that’s what most people will do as it’s their instinct to recite things that are already

on their resume. It’s important for job seekers to do their homework on two crucial aspects. First, they are not just

telling someone a fact about themselves; they’re telling a story and stories take work to create. Coming up with a good

story means getting reflective about what made their career accomplishments, something they’re proud of, and what

strength those accomplishments highlight. Candidates shouldn’t pick a broad, general strength to elaborate on such

as “I’m smart”, “I work hard” and “I get things done” to come up with multiple career accomplishments or examples

for different interview questions. [24] Job seekers should talk with others, especially people who know them: partners,

friends or co-workers who will bring up different stories than the ones they remember.

Secondly, [25] candidates should know what’s at stake with the company with this job opening. What they really

are asking you is “tell me why you are going to help me”. If the person is a prepared candidate, they should have

already figured out those things. They’ve read the job description and research the company on the Internet. [25] What

49


job applicants ought to be looking for is what the company is up to you, what they are trying to accomplish, and what is

preventing them from accomplishing those things.

How long should it take to answer? Around a minute. That’s about right for most people’s attention spans. Under

a minute could seem rushed; while over 2 minutes, we’ll start to feel more like a speech. But the length of the answer is

not an exact science, and candidates need to keep their career story focused and tailored to their audience.

22. What does the speakers say about the job interview question “tell me about yourself”?

23. What will most people do when they come to a job interview?

24. Why should job seekers talk with partners, friends and co-workers?

25. What other important preparations should job seekers make before an interview?

50

六级听力真题

参考答案&解析

2018 年 6月六级听力真题答案（第一套）

Part II Listening ComprehensionSection A

1 B 2 A 3 D 4 C 5 B

6 A 7 D 8 D

Section B9 C 10 A 11 C 12 B 13 C

14 A 15 B

Section C16 D 17 A 18 B 19 D 20 C

21 A 22 C 23 A 24 D 25 B

51

2018 年 6月六级听力真题解析（第一套）



Section A

Conversation One

听力原文及参考译文

M: What’s all that? Are you going to make a salad?

W: No, I’m going to make a gazpacho.

M: What’s that?

W: [1] Gazpacho is a cold soup from Spain. It’s mostly

vegetables. I guess you could call it a liquid salad.

M: Cold soup? Sounds weird.

W: It’s delicious. Trust me. I tried it for the first time during

my summer vacation in Spain. You see, in the south of

Spain, it gets very hot in the summer, up to 40℃ . So a

cold gazpacho is very refreshing. The main ingredients

are tomato, cucumber, bell peppers, olive oil and stale

bread.

M: Stale bread? Surely you mean bread for dipping into the

soup?

W: No, bread is crushed and blended in, like everything

else. [2]It adds texture and thickness to the soup.

M: Um… And is it healthy?

W: [3] Sure. As I said earlier, it’s mostly vegetables. You

can also add different things if you like, such as hard-

boiled egg or cured ham.

M: Cured ham? What’s that?

W: That’s another Spanish delicacy. Have you never heard

of it? It is quite famous.

M: No. Is it good too?

男：这些是什么？你要做沙拉吗？

女：不，我打算做一道西班牙冷菜汤。

男：那是什么？

女： [1] 冷菜汤是一种西班牙的冷汤。主要食材是

蔬菜。我想你也可以叫它液体沙拉。

男：冷汤？听起来好奇怪。

女：相信我，很好吃的。我第一次吃是在西班牙

过暑假的时候。每年夏天，西班牙的南方非

常热，气温高达 40° C。所以，一道西班牙

冷菜汤会使你神清气爽。它主要的原料有番

茄、黄瓜、甜椒、橄榄油和陈面包。

男：陈面包？你的意思是用面包来蘸汤吃吗？

女：不是，和其他食材一样，面包要捣碎搅进汤

里。[2] 这样可以提升汤的口感，让汤汁更加

浓稠。

男：嗯……这样吃健康吗？

女： [3] 当然健康。我刚才说了，这道汤的主料是

蔬菜。要是你喜欢的话，还可以加一些其他

的食材，比如煮硬的鸡蛋或者腌火腿。

男：腌火腿？这又是什么？

女：另一道西班牙美食。你没听说过吗？很出名

的。

男：没。也很好吃吗？

52

六级听力真题

W: Oh, yeah, definitely. It’s amazing. It’s a little dry and

salty. [4] And it’s very expensive because it comes from

a special type of pig that only eats a special type of

food. The ham is covered in salt to dry and preserve it,

and left to hang for up to 2 years. It has a very distinct

flavor.

M: Um. Sounds interesting. Where can I find some?

W: It used to be difficult to get Spanish produce here, but

it’s now a lot more common. Most large supermarket

chains have cured ham in little packets, but in Spain you

can buy a whole leg.

M: A whole pig leg? Why would anybody want so much

ham?

W: In Spain, many people buy a whole leg for special group

events, such as Christmas. They cut it themselves into very

thin slices with a long flat knife.

女：当然，它的味道棒极了。这种火腿口感略干，

味道偏咸，[4] 它价格昂贵，因为这种火腿取

材于一种特殊的猪，这种猪只吃一种特殊的

饲料。做这种火腿，要给火腿抹一层盐，析

出水分，便于保存，然后将其吊挂起来整整

两年。这种火腿有一种独特的风味。

男：嗯……听起来蛮好玩的。哪里可以买到这种

火腿呢？

女：以前在这里很难买到西班牙农产品，但现在

市面上多了很多。绝大部分大型连锁超市都

有这种腌制火腿，但都是小块包装的，在西

班牙，你可以买到一整条腌制猪肉火腿。

男：一整条猪肉火腿？为什么会有人想买那么

多？

女：在西班牙，很多人在特殊聚会前就会买一整

条火腿，比如圣诞节。他们会用长扁形的刀将一

整条火腿切成薄片。

答案详解

1. What do we learn about gazpacho?

A) It is a typical salad.

B) It is a Spanish soup.

C) It is a weird vegetable.

D) It is a kind of spicy food.

1. 关于西班牙冷菜汤，我们了解到什么？

A) 它是一种经典沙拉。

B) 它是一种西班牙汤。

C) 它是一种奇怪的蔬菜。

D) 它是一种辛辣的食物。

【答案】B

【听前预测】各选项均以 It is 开头，推测本题可能是以 what 引起的提问；由选项中的 salad、soup、vegetable、

food 可推测，可能是询问 it 指代的是何种具体食物。

【解析】音频开头女士提到，冷菜汤是一种西班牙的冷汤，“Gazpacho is a cold soup from Spain.”对应 B 选项的

“It’s a Spanish soup.”。

2. For what purpose is stale bread mixed into gazpacho?

A) To make it thicker.

B) To make it more nutritious.

C) To add to its appeal.

D) To replace an ingredient.

2. 为什么要在冷汤中加入陈面包？

A) 为了增加汤的浓度。

B) 为了增加汤的营养。

C) 为了增加汤的吸引力。

C) 为了代替某种其他食材。

【答案】A

【听前预测】各选项均为不定式短语 to do 的结构，推测本题可能是由 why 引起的提问；由选项中的 thicker、

add to、replace 推测，可能是要对做某事的目的或原因进行提问，可能需要总结所听内容。

【解析】对话中间部分女士提到，陈面包要捣碎搅进汤里，这样可以提升汤的口感，让汤汁更加浓稠，“No,

bread is crushed and blended in, like everything else. It adds texture and thickness to the soup.”，对应 A 选项，选项

53


中的 make it thicker 呼应音频中的 add thickness to the soup。

3. Why does the woman think gazpacho is healthy?

A) It contains very little fat.

B) It uses olive oil in cooking.

C) It uses no artificial additives.

D) It is mainly made of vegetables.

3. 为什么女士认为西班牙冷菜汤是健康的？

A) 它的脂肪含量很低。

B) 它使用橄榄油烹饪。

C) 它的制作不使用人工食品添加剂。

D) 它的主要原料是蔬菜。

【答案】D

【听前预测】由选项中的 fat、oil、additives 可推测，本题可能考查 it 这种食物的原料或所含成分。

【解析】在音频中间部分，当男士问及 gazpacho 健不健康时，女士做了肯定的回答，并补充说，她刚才说了，

这道汤的主料是蔬菜，“Sure. As I said earlier, it’s mostly vegetables.”，由此得知冷菜汤很健康的原因是其原料大

部分是蔬菜，所以选择 D 选项。选项中的 is mainly made of 对应音频里的 mostly。

4. What does the woman say about cured ham?

A) It does not go stale for two years.

B) It takes no special skill to prepare.

C) It comes from a special kind of pig.

D) It is a delicacy blended with bread.

4. 女士是如何描述腌制火腿的？

A) 它两年内不会腐坏。

B) 它不需要特殊的烹饪技巧。

C) 它取材于一种特殊的猪。

D) 它是一种混有面包的美味。

【答案】C

【听前预测】由选项内容推测 it 可能是某种食物，结合选项中的 go stale、special skill、delicacy 可预测，本题

可能和 it 这种食物的特点有关。

【解析】对话后半部分，当女士介绍这种火腿时讲到，用来做这种火腿的猪是特定的品种，也只吃特定种类的

饲料，“… , because it comes from a special type of pig that only eats a special type of food.”。视听一致，选择 C 选

项。

重点词汇与表达

• gazpacho /ɡæzˈpætʃəʊ/ n. 西班牙冷菜汤

• weird /wɪəd/ adj. 奇怪的

• refreshing /rɪˈfreʃɪŋ/ adj. 消除疲劳的，提神的；清凉

的

• ingredient /ɪnˈɡriːdiənt/ n. 成分

• bell pepper 甜椒

• stale /steɪl/ adj. 不新鲜的

• dip /dɪp/ v. 蘸；浸

• texture /ˈtekstʃə(r)/ n. 口感

• hard-boiled egg 煮硬的鸡蛋

• cured ham 腌火腿

• delicacy /ˈdelɪkəsi/ n. 佳肴

• preserve /prɪˈzɜːv/ v. 贮存；保护

• flavor /ˈfleɪvə(r)/ n. 味道

• produce /ˈprɒdjuːs/ n. 产品；( 尤指 ) 农产品

• spicy /ˈspaɪsi/ adj. 辛辣的

• artificial /ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃl/ adj. 人造的

• additive /ˈædətɪv/ n. 添加剂

54

六级听力真题

Conversation Two


M: Hello, I wish to buy a bottle of wine.

W: Hi, yes. What kind of wine would you like?

M: I don’t know, sorry. I don’t know much about wine.

W: That’s no problem at all. What’s the occasion and how

much would you like to spend?

M: It’s for my boss. It’s his birthday. I know he likes wine,

but I don’t know what type. I also do not want anything

too expensive, maybe mid-range. How much would

you say is a mid-range bottle of wine approximately?

W: Well, it varies greatly. [5] Our lowest prices are around

$6 a bottle, but those are table wines. They are not very

special and I would not suggest them as a gift. On the

other end, our most expensive bottles are over $150. If

you are looking for something priced in the middle, I

would say anything between $30 and $60 would make

a decent gift. How does that sound?

M: Um, yeah. [6] I guess something in the vicinity of

30 or 40 would be good. Which type would you

recommend?

W: [7] I would say the safest option is always a red wine.

They are generally more popular than whites, and can

usually be paired with food more easily. Our specialty

here are Italian wines, and these tend to be fruity

with medium acidity. [8] This one here is a Chianti,

which is perhaps Italy’s most famous type of red

wine. Alternatively, you may wish to try and surprise

your boss with something less common, such as this

Zinfandel. The grapes are originally native to Croatia,

but this winery is in eastern Italy, and it has a more

spicy and peppery flavor. So to summarize, the Chianti

is more classical and the Zinfandel more exciting. Both

are similarly priced at just under $40.

M: [8] I will go with Chianti then. Thanks.

男：你好，我要买一瓶酒。

女：您好。您需要哪一种酒？

男：不好意思，我也不清楚。我不太懂酒。

女：没关系。您买酒做什么用？打算买什么价位

的？

男：送给我的老板。他要过生日。我知道他喜欢

酒，但我不清楚他喜欢哪种酒。我不需要买

很贵的，中等价位就行。一瓶中等价位的酒

大约要多少钱？

女：酒的价格差别很大。[5] 这里最便宜的酒大约

6 美元一瓶，但它们是佐餐酒，没什么特别之

处，我不建议您买它当礼物。另外，我们这

里最贵的酒要 150 多美元。如果您想买中等

价位的，我觉得 30 ～ 60 美元之间的酒比较

适合做为体面的礼物。您觉得呢？

男：嗯，好。[6] 我觉得 30 ～ 40 美元这个价格比

较合适。你能推荐一种吗？

女： [7] 红酒应该是最保险的选择。红酒一般比白

葡萄酒更受欢迎，也更好配餐。我们这里的

特色是意大利红酒，有果香，酸度适中。[8]

这瓶是基安蒂红葡萄酒，可能是意大利最负

盛名的红酒。或者，您可以送给您老板一瓶

不太常见的红酒，给他点惊喜，比如这款仙

粉黛红葡萄酒。这种酒用的葡萄原产于克罗

地亚，但这个酿酒厂在意大利东部，它有一

种更加辛辣的胡椒香气。总的来说，基安蒂

红葡萄酒更加经典，仙粉黛红葡萄酒更加刺

激。这两款酒的价格都刚好不到 40 美元。

男： [8] 那我买基安蒂红葡萄酒吧。谢谢。

55


答案详解

5. What does the woman think of table wines?

A) They come in a great variety.

B) They do not make decent gifts.

C) They do not vary much in price.

D) They go well with Italian food.

5. 女士认为佐餐酒怎么样？

A) 它们有很多种类。

B) 它们不是体面的礼物。

C) 它们的价格差别不大。

D) 它们与意大利菜很好搭配。

【答案】B

【听前预测】各选项由 they 开头，推测可能是由 what 提问。由各选项中的 variety、decent、price 可推测，本题

可能考查 they 的特点。

【解析】音频开头男士要求女士给他推荐一款酒，女士说店里的酒价格差别很大，并提到，她们这里最便宜的

酒大约 6 美元一瓶，但它们是佐餐酒，没什么特别之处，不建议买它当礼物，“Our lowest prices are around $6 a

bottle, but those are table wines. They are not very special and I would not suggest them as a gift.”。换言之，女士认

为，佐餐酒不适合作为体面的礼物，B 选项是对该句的同义转述。

6. What is the price range of wine the man will

consider?

A) $30-$40.

C) $50-$60.

B) $40-$50.

D) Around $150.

6. 男士能接受的酒的价格范围是多少？

A) 30 ～ 40 美元。

B) 40 ～ 50 美元。

C) 50 ～ 60 美元。

D) 大约 150 美元。

【答案】A

【听前预测】通过选项判断这是一道与价格相关的数字题，所以要注意价格所对应的信息。

【解析】该题问男士所能接受的价格是多少。音频中间部分，女士说店里中等价位的酒的价格在 30 美元至 60

美元之间，男士回应说，他觉得 30 ～ 40 美元左右这个价格比较合适： “I guess something in the vicinity of 30 or

40 would be good.”，根据这句话选择 A 选项。

7. Why does the woman recommend red wines?

A) They are a healthy choice for elderly people.

B) They are especially popular among Italians.

C) They symbolize good health and longevity.

D) They go well with different kinds of food.

7. 女士为什么推荐红酒？

A) 酒对上年纪的人是健康的选择。

B) 红酒很受意大利人的青睐。

C) 红酒象征着健康和长寿。

D) 红酒更好配餐。

【答案】D

【听前预测】由选项中的 healthy、popular、good、go well with 等具有积极色彩的表述可推测，本题可能考查

they 的优点。

【解析】音频后半部分，女士最终推荐了红葡萄酒，并解释道 , 红酒应该是最保险的选择，因为红葡萄酒一

般比白葡萄酒更受欢迎，也更好配餐，“I would say the safest option is always a red wine. They are generally

more popular than whites, and can usually be paired with food more easily.”，对应 D 选项，选项中的 go well with

different kinds of food 对应音频中的 be paired with food more easily。

56

六级听力真题

8. What do we learn about the wine the man finally

bought?

A) It is a wine imported from California.

B) It is less spicy than all other red wines.

C) It is far more expensive than he expected.

D) It is Italy’s most famous type of red wine.

8. 男士最终选择的酒有什么特点？

A) 它是从加利福尼亚进口的。

B) 它没有其他红酒那么辛辣。

C) 它的价格远超他的预期。

D) 它是意大利最知名的红酒。

【答案】D

【听前预测】由各选项内容可推测，本题的 it 可能指一种酒。结合选项里出现的 imported、spicy、famous，推

测本题与 it 的某种明显特点有关。

【解析】音频后半部分，女士在建议男士买红葡萄酒以后具体地推荐了两款红葡萄酒，其中一款女士介绍到，

这瓶是基安蒂红葡萄酒，可能是意大利最知名的红酒，“This one here is a Chianti, which is perhaps Italy’s most

famous type of red wine.”，最终男士选择了基安蒂，“I will go with Chianti then.”，将两者话语中的信息合并，

即得到 D 选项。


• approximately /əˈprɒksɪmətli/ adv. 大约

• decent /ˈdiːsnt/ adj. 体面的

• in the vicinity of 大约；大概

• specialty /ˈspeʃəlti/ n. 特色

• acidity /əˈsɪdəti/ n. 酸味

• winery /ˈwaɪnəri/ n. 酿酒厂

• elderly /ˈeldəli/ adj. 年纪较大的 n. 老人

• longevity /lɒnˈdʒevəti/ n. 长寿

Section B

Passage One


[9] Many people enjoy secret codes. The harder the code, the

more some people will try to figure it out. In wartime, codes are

especially important. They help army send news about battles and the

size of enemy forces. Neither side wants its code broken by the other.

[11] One very important code was never broken. It was used during

World War II by the Americans. It was a spoken code, never written

down and it was developed and used by Navajo Indians. They were

called the Navajo code talkers.

[9] 许多人都喜欢密码。密码越难，

一些人越想破解它。战争时期，密码尤其

重要。密码可以帮助军队发送关于战役和

敌军规模的情报。任何一方都不想自己的

密码被对方破解。[11] 有一种重要的密码

至今从未被破解。第二次世界大战期间美

国人曾经使用过它。这是一种口头密码，

从来没有被写下来过，这种密码由纳瓦霍

印第安人发明并使用。他们被称为纳瓦霍

密码通讯员。

57


The Navajos created the code in their own language. Navajo is

hard to learn and only a few people know it. So it was pretty certain

that the enemy would not be able to understand the code talkers. In

addition, the talkers used code words. They called a submarine an

iron fish and a small bomb thrown by hand a potato. If they wanted

to spell something, they used code words for letters of the alphabet.

For instance, the letter A was ant or apple or ax.

The code talkers worked mostly in the islands in the Pacific.

One or two would be assigned to a group of soldiers. They would

send messages by field telephone to the code talker in the next group.

And he would relay the information to his commander. [10] The

code talkers played an important part in several battles. They helped

troops coordinate their movements and attacks. After the war, the

U.S. government honored them for what they had accomplished. [11]

Theirs was the most successful wartime code ever used.

纳瓦霍人使用自己的语言创造出了这

些密码。而纳瓦霍语是一门很难学习而且

只有少数人知道的语言。所以几乎可以肯

定的是，敌人无法听懂纳瓦霍密码通讯员

的密码。另外，这些通讯员还会使用暗语。

他们称潜水艇为铁鱼，称小型手榴弹为土

豆。需要拼写字母时，他们会使用暗语来

代表字母表上的字母。比如，用蚂蚁、苹

果或斧头代表字母 A。

纳瓦霍密码通讯员主要在太平洋的岛

屿上工作。每支部队有一到两名通讯员。

他们通过战地电话将信息传给其他部队的

通讯员，然后通讯员会把情报转告给他的

指挥官。[10] 纳瓦霍密码通讯员在几次战

役中都发挥了重要的作用。他们帮助部队

协调行动和进攻。战争结束后，美国政府

表彰了他们所取得的成就。[11] 纳瓦霍密

码是有史以来最成功的战地密码。

答案详解

9. What does the speaker say many people enjoy doing?

A) Learning others’ secrets.

B) Searching for information.

C) Decoding secret messages.

D) Spreading sensational news.

9. 讲话人说很多人喜欢做什么？

A) 了解别人的秘密。

B) 搜索信息。

C) 破解秘密信息。

D) 传播爆炸性新闻。

【答案】C

【听前预测】选项均为动名词短语，根据内容推测可能询问某种机密、信息。

【解析】短文第一题要注意音频开头部分。首句提到，许多人喜欢密码。密码越复杂，人们越想破解它，“Many

people enjoy secret codes. The harder the code, the more some people will try to figure it out.”，说明很多人都喜欢做

的事是解密信息，对应 C 选项，选项中的 decoding secret messages 对应音频中的 figure it out。

10. What do we learn about the Navajo code talkers?

A) They helped the U.S. army in World War II.

B) They could write down spoken codes promptly.

C) They were assigned to decode enemy messages.

D) They were good at breaking enemy secret codes.

10. 关于纳瓦霍密码通讯员，我们了解到什么？

A) 他们在第二次世界大战期间帮助了美国军队。

B) 他们可以迅速写出口头密码。

C) 他们被委派破解敌人信息。

D) 他们擅长破解敌人的密码。

【答案】A

【听前预测】各选项均以 they 开头，可能对某一群体进行提问；结合选项里出现的 U.S. army、codes、messages

可推测，本题可能考查 they 所做的与密码有关的行为。

【解析】音频中后半段主要阐述了纳瓦霍密码通讯员的贡献。音频末尾讲到，他们在几次战役中发挥了重要作

58

六级听力真题

用，还帮助美军协调部队行动和进攻，“The code talkers played an important part in several battles. They helped

troops coordinate their movements and attacks.”，换言之，纳瓦霍密码通讯员在二战中帮助了美军，故选 A。

11. What is the speaker mainly talking about?

A) Important battles fought in the Pacific War.

B) Decoding of secret messages in war times.

C) A military code that was never broken.

D) Navajo Indians’ contribution to code breaking.

11. 讲话人主要介绍了什么？

A) 太平洋战争中的重要战役。

B) 战争期间的秘密信息破译。

C) 一种从未被破解的军用密码。

D) 纳瓦霍印第安人对密码破解的贡献。

【答案】C

【听前预测】由于各选项表达明显不同，又置于最后一题，推测本题可能考查短文主题。

【解析】本题是主旨题，较难，短文开头点明主旨——有一种重要的密码至今从未被破解过，它是第二次世界

大战期间美国人使用的密码，“One very important code was never broken. It was used during World War II by the

Americans.”，全文都在介绍这种由纳瓦霍印第安人所创造的从未被破解的密码，并在短文末尾总结道，这种密

码是有史以来最成功的战地密码，“Theirs was the most successful wartime code ever used.”。C 选项既呼应短文

开头部分，也切合短文大意，故选 C。 summers 对应音频中的 summers without ice。

【错选排除】考生容易错选 D。文章介绍了纳瓦霍密码对二战的贡献，并没提到纳瓦霍人对密码破解的贡献。


• figure out 弄明白

• submarine /ˌsʌbməˈriːn/ n. 潜艇

• bomb /bɒm/ n. 炸弹

• ax /æks/ n. 斧

• assign /əˈsaɪn/ v. 委派；分配，布置

• relay /ˈriːleɪ/ v. 转送 , 转发

• commander /kəˈmɑːndə(r)/n. 司令官，指挥官

• coordinate /kəʊˈɔːdɪneɪt/ v. 使协调

/kəʊˈɔːdɪnət/ n. 坐标

• sensational /senˈseɪʃənl/ adj. 耸人听闻的

• promptly /ˈprɒmptli/ adv. 立即

Passage Two


If you are young and thinking about your career, you’ll want to know where you can make a living. [12] Well, there’s

going to be a technological replacement of a lot of knowledge-

intensive jobs in the next twenty years, particularly in the

two largest sectors of the labor force with professional skills.

One is teaching, and the other, healthcare. You have so many

applications and software and platforms that are going to come

in and provide information and service in these two fields,

which means a lot of healthcare and education sectors will be

radically changed and a lot of jobs will be lost.

如果你年纪尚轻并且在考虑职业规划，那

么你需要清楚自己可以在哪个领域谋生。[12]

今后二十年里，许多知识密集型的工作将被技

术所取代，尤其是劳动大军中两个最大的专业

技能领域 —— 教育和医疗。许多应用、软件

和平台将进入这两大领域提供信息与服务，这

意味着教育和医疗领域的很多个细分行业将迎

来翻天覆地的变化，许多人将被迫下岗。

59


[13] Now, where will the new jobs be found? Well, the

one sector of the economy that can’t be easily duplicated by

even smart technologies is the caring sector—the personal care

sector. That is, you can’t really get a robot to do a great massage

or physical therapy. Or, you can’t get the kind of personal

attention you need with regard to therapy or any other personal

service. There could be very high-end personal services. [14]

Therapists do charge a lot of money. I think there’s no limit to

the amount of personal attention and personal care people would

like if they could afford it. But the real question in the future is:

How come people afford these things if they don’t have money,

because they can’t get a job that pays enough. [15] That’s why I

wrote this book, which is about how to reorganize the economy

for the future when technology brings about disruptive changes

to what we used to consider high-income work.

[13] 那么，在什么领域可以找到新工作

呢？即使是智能技术也不可能轻易复制经济领

域中的一个部门，那就是护理部门 —— 个人

护理部门。也就是说，机器人很难为你提供舒

适的按摩或理疗。或者说，技术很难在疗养或

其他个人服务中提供你所需的个人关怀。一些

个人服务可以非常高端。[14] 理疗师的确收费

很高。我认为只要能够负担得起，那么人们对

个人关怀和个人护理的需求量是没有限制的。

但是，未来真正的问题是，如果人们找不到薪

水足够高的工作，没有足够多的钱，那他们如

何能消费得起这些服务呢？ [15] 这就是我写这

本书的原因，即探讨当技术发展给传统观念中

的高薪工作带来颠覆性改变的时候，如何重组

未来经济。

答案详解

12. What does the speaker say will happen in the next

twenty years?

A) All services will be personalized.

B) A lot of knowledge-intensive jobs will be replaced.

C) Technology will revolutionize all sectors of industry.

D) More information will be available.

12. 讲话人表示未来二十年会发生什么事情？

A) 所有的服务都会走向个性化。

B) 许多知识密集型的工作会被取代。

C) 技术会完全变革所有的行业部门。

D) 我们将得到更多的信息。

【答案】B

【听前预测】各选项均使用动词将来时，可能询问将来的某种情况。结合选项中出现的 personalized、replaced、

revolutionize 可预测，本题可能询问未来某种情况的变化。

【解析】短文开头提到，今后二十年里，许多知识密集型的工作将被技术所取代，“Well, there’s going to be a

technological replacement of a lot of knowledge-intensive jobs in the next twenty years…”，对应 B 选项，选项里的

will be replaced 对应短文里的 technological replacement。

13. Where will young people have more chances to find jobs?

A) In the robotics industry.

C) In the personal care sector.

B) In the information service.

D) In high-end manufacturing.

13. 年轻人会在哪个领域拥有更多工作机会？

A) 机器人产业。

C) 个人护理行业。

B) 信息服务行业。

D) 高端制造业。

【答案】C

【听前预测】各选项都以 in 开头且内容均表示“在某领域”，可推测本题可能是询问与某个特定行业有关的内

容。

【解析】音频中间部分，先进行了设问，问到在什么领域可以找到新工作，“Now, where will the new jobs

be found?”，紧接着回答道，即使是智能技术，也不可能轻易复制经济领域中的一个部门，那就是护理部

60

六级听力真题

门——个人护理部门，“Well, the one sector of the economy that can’t be easily duplicated by even smart technologies

is the caring sector— the personal care sector.”，视听一致，C 选项正确。

14. What does the speaker say about therapists?

A) They charge high prices.

B) They need lots of training.

C) They cater to the needs of young people.

D) They focus on customers’ specific needs.

14. 讲话人如何评价理疗师？

A) 他们收费很高。

B) 他们需要大量的培训。

C) 他们可以满足年轻人的需求。

D) 他们关注顾客的特定需求。

【答案】A

【听前预测】各选项都以 they 开头，根据内容出现的 charge、cater to、focus on 可推测，本题可能考查 they 的

特点。听问题时应确定 they 所指的对象。

【解析】音频后半部分提到，理疗师的确收费很高，“Therapists do charge a lot of money.”，选项中的 charge high

prices 同义替换音频中的 charge a lot of money，A 选项正确。

15. What is the speaker’s book about?

A) The rising demand in education and healthcare in the next

20 years.

B) The disruption caused by technology in traditionally

well-paid jobs.

C) The tremendous changes new technology will bring to

people’s lives.

D) The amazing amount of personal attention people would

like to have.

15. 讲话人的书是关于什么内容的？

A) 未来二十年不断上升的教育和医疗需求。

B) 技术对传统高薪工作的颠覆。

C) 新兴技术将给人们生活带来的巨变。

D) 人们对个人关怀的巨大需求。

【答案】B

【听前预测】各选项内容各不相同，又置于最后一题，推测需要总结全文。

【解析】短文结尾讲话人提到写这本书的原因，即探讨当技术发展给传统观念中的高薪工作带来颠覆性改变

的时候，如何重组未来经济：“That’s why I wrote this book, which is about how to reorganize the economy for the

future when technology brings about disruptive changes to what we used to consider high-income work.”，换言之，

讲话人的书里说明了技术给传统高薪工作带来巨大影响，由此可见，答案选择 B 选项。选项中的 disruption

和 traditionally well-paid jobs 分别对应音频中的 disruptive changes 和 what we used to consider high-income

work。


• knowledge-intensive 知识密集型的

• application /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. 应用程序；申请

• radically /ˈrædɪkli/ adv. 完全地

• duplicate /ˈdjuːplɪkeɪt/ v. 复制

• massage /ˈmæsɑːʒ/ n. 按摩

• therapy /ˈθerəpi/ n. 疗法

• with regard to 关于；至于

• high-end /ˌhaɪˈend/ adj. 高端的

• therapist /ˈθerəpɪst/ n. 理疗师

• disruptive /dɪsˈrʌptɪv/ adj. 扰乱性的；破坏性的

• revolutionize /ˌrevəˈluːʃənaɪz/ v. 彻底改变；完全

变革

• cater to 满足需要；迎合

• tremendous /trəˈmendəs/ adj. 巨大的；极好的

61


Section C

Recording One


American researchers have discovered the world’s oldest

paved road, a 4,600-year-old highway. [16] It linked a stone

pit in the Egyptian desert to waterways that carried blocks to

monument sites along the Nile.

The eight-mile road is at least 500 years older than

any previously discovered road. “It is the only paved road

discovered in ancient Egypt,” said geologist Thomas Bown

of the United States Geological Survey. He reported the

discovery on Friday. “The road probably doesn’t rank with the

pyramids as a construction feat, but it is a major engineering

achievement,” said his colleague, geologist James Harrell of

the University of Toledo. “Not only is the road earlier than we

thought possible, we didn’t even think they built roads.” [17]

The researchers also made a discovery in the stone pit at the

northern end of the road: the first evidence that the Egyptians

used rock saws. “This is the oldest example of saws being used

for cutting stone,” said Bown’s colleague, James Hoffmeier of

Wheaton College in Illinois.

“That’s two technologies we didn’t know they had,” Harrell

said, “and we don’t know why they were both abandoned.”

The road was discovered in the Faiyum Depression, about 45

miles southwest of Cairo. “Short segments of the road had been

observed by earlier explorers,” Bown said, “but they failed to

realize its significance or follow up on their observations.” Bown

and his colleagues stumbled across it while they were doing

geological mapping in the region.

[18] The road was clearly built to provide services for the

newly discovered stone pit. Bown and Harrell have found the

camp that housed workers at the stone pit. The road appears

today to go nowhere, ending in the middle of the desert. When

it was built, its terminal was a dock on the shore of Lake

Moeris, which had an elevation of about 66 feet above sea

level, the same as the dock.

美国研究者发现了一条世界上最古老的铺

设道路，一条拥有 4600 年历史的公路。[16]

它连接了埃及沙漠中的一座采石场和几条水

路，这些水路将石块运往尼罗河沿岸的遗迹。

这条长八英里的古路比先前发现的任何一

条路都要早至少 500 年。美国地质调查局地质

学家 Thomas Bown 说：“这是在古埃及发现的

唯一一条铺设完整的道路。”他于周五公开了

这一发现。他的同事，来自美国托莱多大学的

地质学家 James Harrell 说：“这条路在建筑学

上的意义或许比不上金字塔，但却是一项重大

的工程成就。这条路不仅比我们想象得要早，

我们甚至根本没有想到他们会修建公路。”[17]

研究人员还在这条路北端的一个采石场里发

现了埃及人使用岩石锯的最早证据。Bown 的

一位同事，来自伊利诺伊州惠顿学院的 James

Hoffmeier 表示：“[17] 这是使用锯子切割石头

的最古老的例证。”

Harrell 说：“我们之前根本不知道他们掌握

了这两项技术，也不清楚他们为什么又放弃了

这两项技术。”这条公路是在位于开罗西南 45

英里的法尤姆洼地被发现的。Bown 表示：“早

期的探索者曾观察到这条路的某些路段，但没

有意识到这条路的重要性，也没有展开后续的

跟踪观察。”一次对该区域进行地质测绘的过程

中，Bown 和他的同事偶然发现了这条路。

[18] 很明显，建造这条路是为了给新发现

的采石场提供运输服务。Bown 和 Harrell 也找

到了当时在采石场安置工人的营地遗址。现在

看起来，我们好像无从得知这条路通向何处，

它消失在沙漠中央。最初这条路建成的时候，

它的终点位于摩里斯湖岸边的一个码头，摩里

斯湖的海拔与码头一样，均为 66 英尺。

62

六级听力真题

Lake Moeris received its water from the annual floods of

the Nile. At the time of the floods, the river and lake were at

the same level and connected through a gap in the hills near the

modern villages of el-Lahun and Hawara. Harrell and Bown

believe that blocks were loaded onto barges during the dry

season, then floated over to the Nile during the floods to be

shipped off to the monument sites at Giza and Saqqara.

摩里斯湖的水来自尼罗河每年的洪水。每

到汛期，河水和湖水会升到同一水平面，通过

现在拉罕和哈瓦拉两座村庄附近山脉的一处裂

口连接。Harrell 和 Bown 相信，每逢旱季，人

们会事先将石块装上驳船，等到汛期来临，通

过尼罗河将石块运到吉萨和萨卡拉附近的遗

迹。

答案详解

16. What do we learn from the lecture about the world’s

oldest paved road in Egypt?

A) It was the longest road in ancient Egypt.

B) It was constructed some 500 years ago.

C) It lay 8 miles from the monument sites.

D) It linked a stone pit to some waterways.

16. 根据本篇演讲，我们能了解到埃及的世界

上第一条铺设道路的什么内容？

A) 它是古埃及最长的路。

B) 它大约建于 500 多年前。

C) 它距离遗迹 8 英里。

D) 它连接了一座采石场和几条水路。

【答案】D

【听前预测】选项均为对 it 的表述，推测可能询问有关 it 的特点；由各选项的内容可推测，it 可能是某种建筑物

或是历史遗迹。听录音时应确定 it 的指代对象。

【解析】演讲开头提到，这条路连接了埃及沙漠中的一座采石场和几条水路，这些水路将石块运往尼罗河沿岸

的纪念碑遗址：“It linked a stone pit in the Egyptian desert to waterways that carried blocks to monument sites along

the Nile.”，该句的主干为“It linked a stone pit to waterways.”。视听一致，D 选项正确。

【错选排除】A、B、C 选项分别用录音里出现的短语 ancient Egypt、500 years、8 miles 进行干扰，但信息都互

相错位，均与原文不符，故排除。

17. What did the researchers discover in the stone pit?

A) Saws used for cutting stone.

B) Traces left by early explorers.

C) An ancient geographical map.

D) Some stone tool segments.

17. 研究者在采石场中发现了什么？

A) 用来切割石头的锯子。

B) 早期探索者留下的痕迹。

C) 一副古老的地形图。

D) 一些石具的零散部分。

【答案】A

【解析】演讲前半部分提到，研究人员还在这条路北端的一个采石场里发现了埃及人使用岩石锯的最早证据，

“… the first evidence that the Egyptians used rock saws…”之后援引研究员 James Hoffmeier 的话，这是使用锯子

切割石头的最古老的例证，“This is the oldest example of saws being used for cutting stone”，视听一致，A 选项正

确。

18. For what purpose was the paved road built?

A) To transport stones to block floods.

B) To provide services for the stone pit.

C) To link the various monument sites.

D) To connect the villages along the Nile.

18. 这条铺好的路有什么用途？

A) 为运送石头，堵住洪水。

B) 为采石场提供运输服务。

C) 为连接不同的纪念碑遗址。

D) 为连接尼罗河沿岸的村庄。

【答案】B

【听前预测】各选项均以不定式短语 to do sth. 开头，推测可能考查某个目的。听音频时注意问题所指以及短文

中的不定式结构。

63


【解析】音频后半部分提到，很明显，建造这条路是为了给新发现的这个采石场提供运输服务：“The road was

clearly built to provide services for the newly discovered stone pit.”，视听一致，B 选项正确。

重点表达

• pit /pɪt/ n. 煤矿；井

• monument /ˈmɒnjumənt/ n. 纪念碑；历史遗迹

• geologist /dʒiˈɒlədʒɪst/ n. 地质学家

• pyramid /ˈpɪrəmɪd/ n. 金字塔

• feat /fiːt/ n. 成就；功绩

• engineering /ˌendʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ/ n. 工程

• saw /sɔː/ n. 锯

• segment /ˈseɡmənt/ n. 部分

• follow up 采取后续行动；跟踪；追查

• stumble across 偶然发现

• geological /ˌdʒiːəˈlɒdʒɪkl/ adj. 地质的；地质学的

• house /haʊz/ v. 给 ( 某人 ) 提供住处

• terminal /ˈtɜːmɪnl/ n. 终点站 adj. 晚期的；末端的

• dock /dɒk/ n. 码头

• shore /ʃɔː(r)/ n. 岸，滨

• elevation /ˌelɪˈveɪʃn/ n. 海拔；晋升

• barge /bɑːdʒ/n. 驳船

Recording Two


The thin, extremely sharp needles didn’t hurt at all going

in. Dr. Gong pierced them into my left arm, around the elbow

that had been bothering me. [19] Other needles were slipped

into my left wrist and, strangely, into my right arm, and then

into both my closed eyelids. There wasn’t any discomfort, just a

mild warming sensation. However, I did begin to wonder what

had driven me here, to the office of Dr. James Gong in New

York’s Chinatown.

Then I remembered— the torturing pain in that left

elbow. [20] Several trips to a hospital and two expensive,

uncomfortable medical tests had failed to produce even a

diagnosis. “Maybe you lean on your left arm too much,” the

doctor concluded, suggesting I see a bone doctor. During the

hours spent waiting in vain to see a bone doctor, I decided to

take another track and try acupuncture. A Chinese-American

friend recommended Dr. Gong. I took the subway to Gong’s

second-floor office, marked with a hand-painted sign.

当纤细、极尖的针头扎进我身体的时候一

点儿都不疼。龚医生把这些针头扎进了我的左

臂，靠近我一直发疼的左肘附近的地方。[19]

还有一些针头不知不觉地扎进了我的左手手

腕，奇怪的是，他随后又扎了我的右臂，还有

闭合的眼睑。全程没有任何不适感，我只感觉

一阵微微的发热。然而我确实开始思考，是什

么驱使我来到这里，来到纽约的唐人街，来找

詹姆斯� 龚医生。

然后我想起来——是因为我这只剧烈发

疼的左肘。[20] 我去了好几次医院，还花大价

钱做了两次很不舒服的检查，甚至都没得到确

诊。“可能是因为你经常倚着这条胳膊吧，”医

生告诉我，并建议我去骨科看一看。在我白白

等待骨科医生几个小时中，我决定另辟蹊径，

试试针灸。一个华裔美国朋友给我推荐了龚医

生。于是我就坐地铁来到了龚医生的诊所，他

的诊所在二楼，诊所的标示牌是手绘上去的。

64

六级听力真题

Dr. Gong speaks English, but not often. Most of my questions to him were greeted with a friendly laugh, but I managed to let him know where my arm hurt. He asked me to go into a room, had me lie down on a bed, and went to work. In the next room, I learned, a woman dancer was also getting a treatment. As I lay there a while, I drifted into a dream-like state and fantasized about what she looked like.

Acupuncturists today are as likely to be found on Park Avenue as on Mott Street. In all, there are an estimated 10,000 acupuncturists in the country. [21] Nowadays, a lot of medical doctors have learned acupuncture techniques; so have a number of dentists. Reason? Patient demand. Few, though, can adequately explain how acupuncture works.

Acupuncturists may say that the body has more than 800 acupuncture points. A life force called “qi” circulates through the body. Points on the skin are energetically connected to specific organs, body structures and systems. Acupuncture points are stimulated to balance the circulation of “qi”.

“The truth is, though, acupuncture is at least 2,200 years old, nobody really knows what’s happening,” says Paul Zmiewski, a Ph.D. in Chinese studies who practices acupuncture in Philadelphia.

After five treatments, there has been dramatic improvement in my arm, and the pain is a fraction of what it was. The mainly silent Dr. Gong finally even offered a diagnosis for what troubled me. “Pinched nerve,” he said.

龚医生会说英语，但他不怎么说。他对我

的大多数问题都以友善的微笑应答，但我成功

让他知道了我胳膊发疼的位置。他让我进了一

个房间，躺在床上，然后就开始他的工作了。

我了解到旁边的房间里躺着一位女舞者，也在

接受治疗。我在房间里躺了一会儿之后，意

识开始模糊，昏昏欲睡的时候还梦到了她的相

貌。

如今派克大街上的针灸医生已经和莫特

街一样常见了。全美大约有一万名针灸医生。

[21] 如今很多医生都学会了针灸疗法，一些牙

医也是如此。为什么呢？病人需求。不过没有

几个人能解释清楚针灸的原理。

针灸医生可能会说人体有 800 多个穴位。

一种叫“气”的生命动力在体内循环流动。皮

肤上的很多穴位都与体内的特定器官、组织和

系统的能量连通。通过刺激穴位，使体内“气”

的循环达到平衡。

“事实上，虽然针灸有超过 2200 年的历

史，但没有人真正了解其中的原理。”发出此

番感慨的是汉学博士 Paul Zmiewski，他在费

城用针灸给人治病。

五次治疗之后，我的手臂状况得到了极大

的改善，只有一点点疼了。一直沉默寡言的龚

医生最终甚至对困扰我的问题给出了诊断：“神

经受压。”

答案详解

19. What does the speaker find especially strange?

A) Dr. Gong didn’t give him any conventional tests.

B) Dr. Gong marked his office with a hand-painted

sign.

C) Dr. Gong didn’t ask him any questions about his

pain.

D) Dr. Gong slipped in needles where he felt no

pain.

19. 什么现象让讲话人感到尤为奇怪？

A) 龚医生没有采取惯用的检查。

B) 龚医生的诊所标示牌是手写的。

C) 龚医生没问讲话人关于痛感的任何问题。

D) 龚医生把针扎进了讲话人没感到疼的身体部位。

【答案】D

【听前预测】各个选项均以 Dr. Gong 为主语，由选项里的 tests、pain、needles 可推测，本题可能与龚医生所做

的某种特别行为有关。

【解析】演讲开头即提到讲话人左肘部一直疼，然后讲话人说，奇怪的是，还有一些针头扎进了他的左手腕、

65


右臂、闭合的眼睑：“Other needles were slipped into my left wrist and, strangely, into my right arm, and then into

both my closed eyelids.”，换言之，医生不仅针扎了患者疼痛的部位，同时也扎了其他没有疼痛感的部位，选项

D 符合题意。

【错选排除】B 选项虽然在音频出现了，但讲话人并非感受到奇怪，故排除。

20. Why did the speaker go see Dr. Gong?

A) He had heard of the wonders acupuncture could work.

B) Dr. Gong was very famous in New York’s Chinatown.

C) Previous medical treatments failed to relieve his pain.

D) He found the expensive medical tests unaffordable.

20. 讲话人为什么要去找龚医生？

A) 他听说了针灸的神奇疗效。

B) 龚医生在纽约的唐人街名气很大。

C) 他之前接受的治疗并不能帮他缓解疼痛。

D) 他负担不起昂贵的医疗检查费用。

【答案】C

【听前预测】各选项句式明显不一样，内容提到了 he 和 Dr. Gong，推测可能会就二者的某些联系进行提问。

【解析】T 音频前半部分提到，讲话人去了好几次医院，还花大价钱做了两次很不舒服的检查，却甚至都没

得到确诊：“Several trips to a hospital and two expensive, uncomfortable medical tests had failed to produce even a

diagnosis.”，所以讲话人听取朋友的推荐去看龚医生，是因为以前的治疗都无效。与选项 C 对应。

21. What accounts for the growing popularity of

acupuncture in the United States according to the

speaker?

A) More and more patients ask for the treatment.

B) Acupuncture techniques have been perfected.

C) It doesn’t need the conventional medical tests.

D) It does not have any negative side effects.

21. 讲话人认为针灸在美国越来越受欢迎是什么原

因？

A) 越来越多的病人要求做针疗。

B) 针灸疗法得到了改良。

C) 它不需要传统的医疗检查。

D) 它不会带来任何副作用。

【答案】A

【听前预测】各选项句式和内容明显不一样；根据出现的 the treatment、acupuncture、medical 可推测，可能询问

某种医疗方式的细节特点。

【解析】音频后半部分提到，如今很多医生都学会了针灸疗法，一些牙医也是如此，原因是病人需求：“Nowadays,

a lot of medical doctors have learned acupuncture techniques; so have a number of dentists. Reason? Patient demand.”，

A 选项 patients ask for the treatment 是对该句 patient demand 的同义转述，故选 A。


• needle /ˈniːdl/ n. 针头；缝衣针

• pierce /pɪəs/ v. 扎；穿透

• eyelid /ˈaɪlɪd/ n. 眼皮

• sensation /senˈseɪʃn/ n. 感觉

• diagnosis /ˌdaɪəɡˈnəʊsɪs/ n. 诊断

• acupuncture /ˈækjupʌŋktʃə(r)/ n. 针灸 ( 疗法 )

• manage to do sth. 设法做成某事

• fantasize /ˈfæntəsaɪz/ v. 想象，幻想

• dentist /ˈdentɪst/ n. 牙医

• organ /ˈɔːɡən/ n. 器官；风琴

• structure /ˈstrʌktʃə(r)/ n. 结构

• a fraction of /ˈfrækʃn/ 一小部分

• conventional /kənˈvenʃənl/ adj. 传统的

• work wonders 创造奇迹；产生良好的效果

• accounts for 是……的说明（或原因）

• side effect 副作用

66

六级听力真题

Recording Three


Ronald and Lois, married for two decades, consider

themselves a happy couple. [22] But in the early years of their

marriage, both were disturbed by persistent arguments that

seem to fade away without ever being truly resolved. They

uncovered clues to what was going wrong by researching

a fascinating subject: how birth order affects not only your

personality, but also how compatible you are with your mate.

[23] Ronald and Lois are only children, and “onlies” grow

up accustomed to being the apple of their parents’ eyes.

Match two “onlies” and you have partners who subconsciously

expect each other to continue fulfilling this expectation, while

neither has much experience in the giving end. Here’s a list of

common birth-order characteristics and some thoughts on the

best and worst marital matches for each.

[24] The oldest tends to be self-assured, responsible,

a high achiever, and relatively serious and reserved. He

may be slow to make friends, perhaps content with only one

companion. The best matches are with a youngest, an “only”,

or a mate raised in a large family. The worst match is with

another oldest since the two will be too sovereign to share

a household comfortably. The youngest child of the family

thrives on attention and tends to be outgoing, adventurous,

optimistic, creative and less ambitious than others in the

family. He may lack self-discipline and have difficulty making

decisions on his own.

A youngest brother of brothers, often unpredictable and

romantic, will match best with an oldest sister of brothers.

The youngest sister of brothers is best matched with an oldest

brother of sisters who will happily indulge these traits. The

middle child is influenced by many variables. However,

“middles” are less likely to take initiative and more anxious

and self-critical than others. “Middles” often successfully

marry other “middles”, since both are strong on tact, not so

strong on aggressiveness and tend to crave affection.

Ronald 和 Lois 结婚二十年了，他们都对

自己的婚姻感到满意。[22] 但刚结婚的那几年，

两个人争吵不断，过后虽然会和好，但问题并

没有真正得到解决。后来，两个人进行了一项

有趣的研究，逐渐找到了其中的原因。他们发

现，出生的顺序不仅会塑造性格，也会影响一

个人与伴侣的和谐程度。

[23] Ronald 和 Lois 都是独生子女，成长过

程中习惯了被父母呵护备至。两个独生子女结

合后，双方潜意识里都会希望对方能继续提供

同样程度的关爱，但同时又都不太懂得付出。

这里有一个列表，介绍了出生顺序对性格的常

见影响，以及关于出生顺序不同的人相互之间

的婚姻匹配度的一些想法。

[24] 家中长子一般都比较自信、富有责任

感、成就出色、相对也会比较严肃、矜持一些。

他们交朋友时一般会比较慢热，可能只有一个

朋友就会满足。他们最合适的匹配对象是家中

年龄最小的孩子、独生子女，或者大家族的后

代。最不搭的对象是另外一个家庭中的长子或

者长女，因为两个人都太有主见，不容易在同

一屋檐下舒适地共处。家中最年幼的孩子是在

家人的关心中成长起来的，一般都比较开朗外

向、喜欢冒险、积极乐观、富有创造力，不像

家里的其他孩子那么有雄心壮志。他们可能会

不够自律或很难自己独立做决定。

兄弟中年纪最小的弟弟一般比较难以捉

摸，更爱浪漫，他非常适合与有弟弟的长女一

起生活。有哥哥的小女儿最适合嫁给有妹妹的

长子，因为哥哥们非常乐意继续宠溺着自己的

另一半。排行中间的孩子则有很多变数。不过，

他们一般都不太愿意采取主动，会比其他人更

不安，更容易自我批评。他们一般都成功地找

到了同样在家中排行不大不小的另一半，因为

双方都为人圆滑，不会锋芒毕露，同时又渴望

得到他人喜爱。

67


The only child is often most comfortable when alone. [25]

But since an “only” tends to be a well adjusted individual, she’ll eventually learn to relate to any chosen spouse. The male only

child expects his wife to make life easier without getting much

in return. He is sometimes best matched with a younger sister

of brothers. The female only child, who tends to be slightly

more flexible, is well matched with an older man, who will

indulge her tendency to test his love. Her worst match? Another

“only”, of course.

家中的独生子女一般都非常享受独处的时

光。[25] 但由于独生子女一般适应性比较强，

所以她能学会与任何性格的另一半相处。独生

子会希望自己的妻子能把生活变得更轻松，但

又不索取太多回报。某些情况下，他们的理想

对象是有哥哥的女性。独生女总是灵活变通，

适合嫁给较为年长的男性，能够纵容她时常试

探他的爱。而她最糟糕的选择呢？当然非独生

子莫属。

答案详解

22. What does the speaker say about Ronald and Lois’s early

years of married life?

A) They were on the verge of breaking up.

B) They were compatible despite differences.

C) They quarreled a lot and never resolved their

arguments.

D) They argued persistently about whether to have children.

22. 讲话人是如何描述 Ronald 和 Lois 早年的

婚姻生活的？

A) 他们的婚姻濒临破裂的边缘。

B) 虽然有很多差异，但他们能够和谐相处。

C) 他们经常吵架，而且问题得不到真正的

解决。

D) 他们一直在为生不生孩子而争吵。

【答案】C

【听前预测】各选项均以 they 开头，且时态都为过去式，根据选项中出现的 breaking up、quarreled、argued、

arguments 可推测，可能询问过去的令人不快的事。

【解析】演讲开头提到，Ronald 和 Lois 结婚二十年了，他们都对自己的婚姻感到满意。“Ronald and Lois,

married for two decades, consider themselves a happy couple.”，考点出现在下一句的转折处——但刚结婚的那几

年，两个人争吵不断，过后虽然会和好，但问题并没有真正得到解决：“But in the early years of their marriage,

both were disturbed by persistent arguments that seem to fade away without ever being truly resolved.”，C 选项是

对该句的同义转述。选项中 they quarreled a lot 和 never resolved their arguments 分别对应原文的 both were

disturbed by persistent arguments 和 without ever being truly resolved。

【技巧点拨】音频中出现 however、but 等转折连词，往往是考点所在。

23. What do we learn about Ronald and Lois?

A) Neither of them has any brothers or sisters.

B) Neither of them won their parents’ favor.

C) They weren’t spoiled in their childhood.

D) They didn’t like to be the apple of their parents’ eyes.

23. 关于 Ronald 和 Lois 我们了解到什么？

A) 他们都没有亲生兄弟姐妹。

B) 他俩都不受自己父母宠爱。

C) 他们没有在童年时期被宠坏。

D) 他们不喜欢被父母捧在手心里的感觉。

【答案】A

【听前预测】根据各选项出现的 brothers or sisters、parents、childhood 等可推测，可能询问 they 在家庭关系之

中的共同之处。

【解析】音频前半部分提到，Ronald 和 Lois 都是家中独生子女，成长过程中习惯了被父母呵护备至：“Ronald

and Lois are only children, and ‘onlies’ grow up accustomed to being the apple of their parents’ eyes.”，换言之，二

68

六级听力真题

人都没有亲兄弟姐妹，选择 A 选项。这里面有一个重点的习语：the apple of one’s eyes，意为“掌上明珠”。

【错选排除】考生容易因为 D 选项的 be the apple of their parents’ eyes 与听力原文吻合，就用视听一致的解题技

巧错选 D。演讲里明确指出独生子女习惯了被父母呵护备至，D 选项与原文内容矛盾，故排除。

24. What does the speaker say about the oldest child in

a family?

A) They are usually good at making friends.

B) They tend to be adventurous and creative.

C) They are often content with what they have.

D) They tend to be self-assured and responsible.

24. 讲话人是如何介绍家中长子长女的？

A) 他们一般都比较擅长交朋友。

B) 他们更有冒险和创新精神。

C) 他们容易安于现状。

D) 他们一般更加自信，责任感更强。

【答案】D

【听前预测】各个选项都以 they 开头，且出现 usually、often、tend to 等词，推测可能询问 they 的特点。

【解析】音频中间部分提到，家中长子一般都比较自信、富有责任感、成就出色、相对也会比较严肃、矜持一

些，“The oldest tends to be self-assured, responsible, a high achiever, and relatively serious and reserved.”，选择 D

选项。

25. What does the speaker say about the only children?

A) They enjoy making friends.

B) They tend to be well adjusted.

C) They are least likely to take initiative.

D) They usually have successful marriages.

25. 说话者是如何描述家中的独生子女的？

A) 他们喜欢交朋友。

B) 他们往往适应性强。

C) 他们最不愿意采取主动。

D) 他们的婚姻一般都比较成功。

【答案】B

【听前预测】各选项内容与上一题十分相似，仍然推测可能询问 they 的特点，注意辨别问题中 they 的所指。

【解析】演讲最后提到，由于独生子女一般适应性比较强，所以她能学会与任何性格的另一半相处：“But since

an ‘only’ tends to be a well adjusted individual, she’ll eventually learn to relate to any chosen spouse.”，B 选项正确。


• disturb /dɪˈstɜːb/ v. 打扰；干扰；妨碍

• persistent /pəˈsɪstənt/ adj. 持续的

• compatible /kəmˈpætəbl/ adj. 和睦相处的；兼容

的

• accustomed /əˈkʌstəmd/ adj. 习惯于

• the apple of one’s eyes 掌上明珠

• subconsciously /ˌsʌbˈkɒnʃəsli/ adv. 潜意识地

• marital /ˈmærɪtl/ adj. 婚姻的

• self-assured /self əˈʃʊəd/ adj. 自信的

• achiever /əˈtʃiːvə(r)/ n. 成功者

• reserved /rɪˈzɜːvd/ adj. 寡言少语的，矜持的

• sovereign /ˈsɒvrɪn/ adj. 完全独立的

• thrive /θraɪv/ v. 茁壮成长；蓬勃发展；繁荣

• unpredictable /ˌʌnprɪˈdɪktəbl/ adj. 难以预料的

• take initiative 采取主动

• tact /tækt/ n. 机敏；得体；老练

• crave /kreɪv/ v. 渴望

• affection /əˈfekʃn/ n. 喜爱，钟爱

• spouse /spaʊs/ n. 配偶

• on the verge of 接近于，濒临于

• break up 分手；破裂

69

2018 年 12 月六级听力真题答案（第二套）



1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

D A B C A C D B

Section B9 10 11 12 13 14 15

A B C D C D A

Section C16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

D A B C D C B A B C

70

六级听力真题

2018 年 12 月六级听力真题解析（第二套）


Section A

Conversation One


M: Hey, I just read a great book about physics. I think you’d like it. It’s called The Physics of the World. It’s written by a scientist named Sylvia Mendez.

W: Oh, I read that book. It was great. The writer is a warm and competent guide to the mysteries of physics. [1] I think it promises enrichment for any reader, from those who know little about science to the career physicist.

M: And it’s refreshing to see a strong, curious, clever woman adding her voice to the scientific discourse in a field that has been traditionally dominated by men. [2] I think she is to be commended for making an effort to include anecdotes about little known female scientists. You know, they were often victims of a generation firmly convinced that the woman’s place was in the home.

W: [3] I like how the book is clearly written with each chapter brought to life by pieces of fascinating knowledge. For example, in one chapter she exposes a myth that I’ve heard taught by university physics professors. I’ve often heard that medieval glass windows are thicker at the bottom because glass flows like a fluid. This, she shows, is not true. The distortion is actually thanks to a peculiarity of the glassmakers’ process.

M: Yeah! [4] I like how she cultivates scientific engagement by providing a host of do-it-yourself experiments that bring the same foundational principles of classical physics that govern everything from the solar system to your kitchen table. From using complex laws of physics to test whether a spinning egg is cooked to measuring atmospheric pressure by lifting a piece of cardboard, her hands-on examples make her book a truly interactive read.

W: Yes, I must say this equation-free book is an ideal read for scientists of all stripes—anyone teaching science and even people who dislike physics.

男：嗨，我刚读了一本很棒的物理学的书，你应

该会喜欢。这本书叫《世界物理学》，是一名

叫 Sylvia Mendez 的科学家写的。

女：嗯，我看过，写得真好。作者很亲切，也很

有水平，带我们探索物理学的奥秘。[1] 我相

信，不管是对科学知之甚少的读者，还是职

业物理学家，读了这本书都会受益匪浅。

男：在一个传统上由男性主导的领域，能够见证

一位坚定聪慧、勇于探索的女性在这个领域

拥有发言权，实在令人耳目一新。[2] 我认为

她应该受到称赞，因为她努力描写了一些鲜

为人知的女科学家的轶事。你知道，她们所

处的时代，人们坚信女人就应该待在家里，

而她们往往是这种思想的受害者。

女： [3] 我喜欢这本书，它结构清晰，每一章的内

容都展现了很多引人入胜的知识，生动有趣。

比如其中的一章里面，她提到了一个我听说

不少大学物理教授都讲过的传说：中世纪的

玻璃窗户都是底部厚，因为玻璃像液体一样

会流动。但她在书里辟谣了，玻璃窗户会变

形其实是因为玻璃制造过程的特殊性。

男：是的！ [4] 她通过提供多种 DIY 实验来培养

读者的科学参与度，我很欣赏她的做法。这

些实验教会我们经典物理学的基本原理，它

们适用于我们生活中的一切，从太阳系到餐

桌，无所不包。从使用复杂的物理定律来测

试旋转的鸡蛋熟了没有，到抬起一块纸板来

测量气压，这类实践性的案例让她的书具备

了非常强的互动性。

女：是的，这本书没有公式，但却是各领域的科

学家理想的必读书目，科学老师，甚至是讨

厌物理的人都可以读读看。

71


答案详解

1. What does the woman say about the book the man recommended?

A) It is one of the most fascinating physics books ever written.

B) It describes how some mysteries of physics were solved.

C) It lists the various challenges physicists are confronting.

D) It can benefit professionals and non-professionals alike.

1. 女士如何评价男士推荐的书？

A) 这本书是有史以来最引人入胜的物理学著

作之一。

B) 这本书描述了如何破解一些物理学之谜。

C) 这本书罗列了物理学家面临的种种挑战。

D) 这本书能让专业和非专业人士都受益匪浅。

【答案】D

【听前预测】四个选项均以 it 为主语，内容与物理学相关，推测本题考查与物理学书籍有关的内容。

【解析】音频开头女士提到，她认为不管是对科学知之甚少的读者，还是职业物理学家，读了这本书都会受益

匪浅。D 项中的 benefit professionals and non-professionals alike 对应音频中的 promises enrichment for any reader

from... to...。

【错选排除】A 项的 one of the most... ever... 在音频中没有体现；音频说的是该书带读者探索物理学奥秘，重点

并非是破解方法，B 项错误；C 项音频未提及。

2. What can we find in the book the man recommended?

A) Stories about some female physicists.

B) Physicists’ contribution to humanity.

C) Historical evolution of modern physics.

D) Women’s changing attitudes to physics.

2. 男士推荐的书里有什么内容？

A) 一些女性物理学家的故事。

B) 物理学家对人类的贡献。

C) 现代物理学的演变史。

D) 女性对物理学态度的转变。

【答案】A

【听前预测】四个选项均为概括性较强的名词性短语，均包含 physics，结合上一题可知，本题可能考查某本物

理学书中的内容。

【解析】音频前半部分，男士提到他认为作者应该受到称赞，因为她努力描写了一些鲜为人知的女科学家的轶

事。A 项中的 stories 是音频中 anecdotes 的同义替换。

【错选排除】B、C、D 项音频均未提及。

3. How does the author bring her book to life?

A) By telling anecdotes about famous professors.

B) By including lots of fascinating knowledge.

C) By describing her own life experiences.

D) By exposing a lot of myths in physics.

3. 作者通过什么方式使她的书生动有趣？

A) 介绍著名教授的趣闻轶事。

B) 提到很多引人入胜的知识。

C) 描述她自己的生活经历。

D) 揭秘很多物理学中的传说。

【答案】B

【听前预测】四个选项均以 by doing 开头，推测本题考查某种方式。

【解析】音频中女士提到，这本书结构清晰，每一章的内容都展现了很多引人入胜的知识。B 项中的 lots of 是

音频中 pieces of 的同义替换。

【错选排除】A 项的 famous professors 音频未提及；C 项的 her own life experiences 音频未提及；D 项的 a lot of

音频未提及。

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六级听力真题

4. How does the book cultivate readers’ interest in physics?

A) It avoids detailing abstract concepts of physics.

B) It contains a lot of thought-provoking questions.

C) It provides experiments they can do themselves.

D) It demonstrates how they can become physicists.

4. 这本书如何培养读者对物理学的兴趣？

A) 避免赘述物理学中的抽象概念。

B) 提出很多引人深思的问题。

C) 提供许多读者能自己做的实验。

D) 阐述读者怎样能成为物理学家。

【答案】C

【解析】音频后半部分男士提到，他很欣赏作者通过提供许多 DIY 实验来培养读者的科学参与度。C 项中的

experiments they can do themselves 对应音频中的 do-it-yourself experiments。

【错选排除】A、B、D 项音频均未提及。


• discourse /ˈdɪskɔːs/ n. 论文，演讲；语篇

• anecdote /ˈænɪkdəʊt/ n. 轶事；传闻

• equation /ɪˈkweɪʒn/ n. 方程；相等；平衡

• hands-on /hændz ɒn/ adj. 实际操作的

• thought-provoking /θɔ:t prəˈvəʊkɪŋ/ adj. 发人深省的

• commended... for... 因……而赞扬……

• bring to life 使生动有趣

• a host of 许多，大量

• of all stripes 各类的；形形色色的

同义表达

音频题目

• promises enrichment • benefit

• anecdotes • stories

• pieces of / a host of • lots of / a lot of

Conversation Two


M: Hi, professor. I was hoping I could have a moment of

your time if you’re not too busy. [5] I’m having some

problems getting started on my dissertation, and I was

hoping you could give me some advice on how to begin.

W: Sure. I have quite a few students though, so can you

remind me what your topic is?

M: The general topic I chose is aesthetics, but that’s as far

as I’ve got. I don’t really know where to go from there.

W: [6] Yeah, that’s much too large a topic. You really need

to narrow it down in order to make it more accessible,

otherwise you’ll be writing a book.

男：老师，您好。如果您不忙的话，我想占用您一

点时间。[5] 我在开始写论文的时候遇到了一

些问题，想请您指导一下。

女：当然可以。但是我指导的学生很多，你可以告

诉我你的论文题目吗？

男：我的论文选题方向是美学，但是这个话题远超

出我的知识储备，我不太明白如何开展下去。

女： [6] 是的，这个主题太宽泛了。你应该缩小你

的选题范围，这样论文才好写一点，不然你可

能要写本书出来。

73


M: Exactly. That’s what I wanted to ask you about. I was

hoping it would be possible for me to change topics. [7]

I’m really more interested in nature than beauty.

W: [8] I’m afraid you have to adhere to the assigned topic.

Still, if you’re interested in nature, then that certainly

can be worked into your dissertation. We’ve talked

about Hume before in class, right?

M: Oh, yeah, he’s the philosopher who wrote about where

our ideas of beauty come from.

W: Exactly. I suggest you go to the library and get a copy

of his biography. Start from there, [8] but remember

to stick to the parameters of the assignment. This

paper is a large part of your cumulative grade, so make

sure to follow the instructions. If you take a look at

his biography, you can get a good idea of how his life

experiences manifest themselves in his theories of

beauty—specifically the way he looked towards nature

as the origin of what we find beautiful.

M: Great. Thanks for taking the time to answer my

questions, professor. I’ll let you get back to class now.

W: If there’s anything else you need, please come see me in

my office any time.

男：没错，这也是我想请教您的。不知道能不能换

选题。[7] 其实相比美学，我对自然更感兴趣。

女： [8] 恐怕你必须坚持原定的主题。但如果你对

自然感兴趣，其实也可以结合到你的论文里。

之前我们课上提到过休谟，对吧？

男：噢对，他就是那个写过我们的审美观念起源的

哲学家。

女：没错，你可以去图书馆借一本他的传记作为你

研究的起点，[8] 但记住，要紧扣论文的选题

范围。论文占你总成绩的很大一部分，所以一

定要按照论文写作指导写。如果你看过他的传

记，就可以很好地了解他的生活经历如何体现

在他的美学理论中，具体来说，就是他如何将

自然视为我们审美的起源。

男：太好啦，老师，非常感谢您抽空为我指点迷

津。我就不打扰您回去上课了。

女：如果还有任何其他问题，欢迎随时来办公室找

我。

答案详解

5. What is the man’s problem?

A) He has no idea how to proceed with his dissertation.

B) He does not understand the professor’s instructions.

C) He does not know what kind of topic to write on.

D) He is too busy to finish his assignment in time.

5. 男士遇到了什么问题？

A) 他不知道他的论文如何进行下去。

B) 他不明白教授的要求。

C) 他不知道要写什么题目。

D) 他太忙了，以至于无法按时完成论文。

【答案】A

【听前预测】四个选项均以 he 开头，包含 no idea、does not understand、does not know、too busy to 等否定性表

达，推测本题考查男士遇到的问题。

【解析】音频开头男士提到，他在开始写论文时遇到了一些问题，因而向教授请教。A 项中的 has no idea、how

to proceed 分别对应音频中的 having some problems、how to begin。

【错选排除】B、D 项音频均未提及；男士已经确定了题目，只是不知道如何下手写，C 项错误。

74

六级听力真题

6. What does the professor think of the man’s topic?

A) It is challenging.

B) It is interesting.

C) It is too broad.

D) It is a bit outdated.

6. 教授认为男士的主题如何？

A) 太难了。

B) 很有趣。

C) 太宽泛了。

D) 有点过时了。

【答案】C

【听前预测】四个选项的形式均为“it is + 形容词”，推测本题考查对某事物的评价。

【解析】音频中间部分教授提到，男士的论文主题太宽泛。C 项对应音频中的 that’s much too large。

【错选排除】A、B、D 项音频均未提及。7. What is the man really more interested in?

A) Biography.

B) Philosophy.

C) Beauty.

D) Nature.

7. 这位男士其实对什么更感兴趣？

A) 传记。

B) 哲学。

C) 美学。

D) 自然。

【答案】D

【解析】音频中间部分男士提到，相比美学，他对自然更感兴趣。

【错选排除】A、B、C 项虽然在音频中均提及，但与题干不符。

8. What does the professor say the man has to do?

A) List the parameters first.

B) Stick to the topic assigned.

C) Develop his reading ability.

D) Improve his cumulative grade.

8. 教授说男士必须做什么？

A) 首先列出选题范围。

B) 坚持原定的主题。

C) 提高阅读能力。

D) 提高总成绩。

【答案】B

【听前预测】四个选项均以动词原形开头，其中两个包含 his，推测本题考查针对男士学习上的建议。

【解析】音频中间部分教授提到，恐怕男士必须坚持原定的主题，之后又再次叮嘱男士要紧扣自己的选题。B

项中的 stick to 同义替换音频中的 adhere to。

【错选排除】A 项利用 parameters 进行干扰，音频中间部分，教授提到要紧扣论文的选题范围，但没有提到“首

先列出”；C 项音频未提及；音频只提到论文占总成绩的很大一部分，没有提及提高成绩，D 项错误。


• dissertation /ˌdɪsəˈteɪʃn/ n. 专题论文，学位论文

• aesthetics /iːsˈθetɪks/ /esˈθetɪks/ n. 美学

• parameter /pəˈræmɪtə(r)/ n. 决定因素；范围

• manifest /ˈmænɪfest/ v. 表明，显现

• narrow down 缩小范围

• adhere to 遵循，坚持

• stick to 坚持；紧扣

同义表达

音频题目

• adhere to • stick to

75


Section B

Passage One


During the Arctic winter from October to March, the average

temperature in the frozen north typically hovers around minus 20

degrees Celsius. [9] But this year, the Arctic is experiencing much

higher temperatures.

[9] On February 20, the temperature in Greenland climbed

above freezing or zero degrees Celsius, and it stayed there for over

24 hours. Then on February 24, the temperature on Greenland’s

northern tip reached 6 degrees Celsius. Climate scientists describe

the phenomenon as stunning.

[10] Weather conditions that drive this bizarre temperature surge

have visited the Arctic before. They typically appear about once in

a decade. However, the last such increase in temperature took place

two years ago. This is troubling as climbing Arctic temperatures

combined with rapid sea-ice loss are creating a new type of climate

feedback loop which could accelerate Arctic warming.

Indeed, sea-ice cover in the Arctic is melting faster than

expected. Without those masses of cooling sea ice, warm air brought

to the Arctic can penetrate further inland than it ever did before. The

air can stay warmer, longer too. This drives additional melting.

Overall, Earth is warming at a rapid pace—2014 through 2017

rank as the hottest years on record—and the Arctic is warming

twice as fast as anyplace else on Earth. This raises unique challenges

for Arctic wildlife and indigenous people who depend on Arctic

ecosystems to survive.

Previously, climate forecasts predicted that Arctic summer ice

would disappear entirely by around 2060. [11] But based on what

scientists are seeing now, the Arctic may be facing summers without

ice within 20 years.

每年十月至次年三月期间是北极的冬

季，这片冰天雪地的平均温度常常在零下

20℃左右。[9] 但今年，北极的气温明显

高于往常。

[9] 今年 2 月 20 日，格陵兰岛的气温

升至零摄氏度以上，并持续了超过 24 个

小时。2 月 24 日，格陵兰岛最北端的气

温升至 6℃。气候学家纷纷对此现象表示

震惊。

[10] 以前，北极也经历过这种导致气

温反常飙升的天气状况。这种现象通常十

年一遇。然而，上一次气温上升距今仅两

年时间。这令人感到担忧，因为北极的气

温在不断攀升，海冰迅速消融，这形成了

新的气候循环，或将加速北极的变暖。

这绝不是危言耸听。北极的海上冰盖

层的消融速度比预期快。当海冰的规模不

足以冷却空气，吹入北极的暖空气会比以

往更进一步侵入内陆。暖空气停留的时间

也会更长，这会加速冰盖的融化。

总的来说，地球正在加速变暖，2014

至 2017 年是有记录以来最热的年份，而

且北极变暖的速度是地球上其他所有地方

的两倍。这给依赖北极生态系统的野生动

植物和原住民带来了严峻的挑战。

几年前的气候预测曾预言，北极的夏

季海冰将在 2060 年前后完全消融。[11]

但基于科学家目前的观测结果，这一幕可

能在近 20 年内就会上演。

76

六级听力真题

答案详解

9. What did climate scientists describe as stunning?

A) The unprecedented high temperature in Greenland.

B) The unusual cold spell in the Arctic area in October.

C) The collapse of ice on the northern tip of Greenland.

D) The rapid change of Arctic temperature within a day.

9. 气候学家称什么现象令人震惊？

A) 格陵兰岛史无前例的高温。

B) 北极地区十月遭遇反常寒潮。

C) 格陵兰岛最北端的冰盖坍塌。

D) 北极一天之内温度发生急剧变化。

【答案】A

【听前预测】四个选项均为名词性短语，再由 unprecedented、temperature、unusual、rapid change，推测本题可

能考查某种特殊气候现象。

【解析】音频开头提到，今年北极的气温明显高于往常，之后具体地描述了格陵兰北部发生的气温上升现象，

气候学家对此现象表示震惊，结合两处信息，对应 A 项。

【错选排除】B 项属往年的正常现象，不会令气候学家震惊；音频说的是格陵兰岛最北端的气温升高，不是冰盖

坍塌，C 项错误；D 项音频未提及。

10. What does the passage say about temperature surge

in the Arctic?

A) It has puzzled the climate scientists for decades.

B) It typically appears about once every ten years.

C) It will pose a serious threat to many species.

D) It has created a totally new climate pattern.

10. 本文如何阐述北极温度飙升这一现象？

A) 数十年来，气候学家一直对其感到疑惑不解。

B) 这种现象通常十年一遇。

C) 它将会严重威胁许多物种。

D) 它带来了一种前所未有的气候模式。

【答案】B

【解析】音频中间部分提到，以前北极也经历过导致气温反常飙升的天气状况，这种现象通常十年一遇。B 项

中的 every ten years 同义替换音频中的 a decade。

【错选排除】A 项音频未提及；音频末尾提到北极的变暖速度是全球其他地方的两倍，给依赖北极生态系统的野

生动植物和原住民带来了严峻挑战，该句描述的是变暖速度，C 项无法回答题干；音频中的 new 指的是相对于

之前所产生的不同的气候循环，而非全新的气候模式，D 项错误。

11. What may occur in 20 years according to scientists’

recent observations?

A) Extinction of Arctic wildlife.

B) Emigration of indigenous people.

C) Iceless summers in the Arctic.

D) Better understanding of ecosystems.

11. 近期科学家的观测表明 20 年内会发生什么？

A) 北极的野生动植物会灭绝。

B) 原住民会迁出北极。

C) 北极的夏季冰川会完全消融。

D) 我们会对生态系统有更全面的认识。

【答案】C

【听前预测】四个选项均为名词性短语，结合选项 extinction、emigration、iceless，推测本题考查与北极气候变

化有关的信息。

【解析】音频末尾提到，基于科学家目前的观测，北极的夏季海冰可能 20 年内就会完全消融。C 项中的 iceless

summers 对应音频中的 summers without ice。


77



• emigration /ˌemɪˈɡreɪʃn/ n. 迁徙

• feedback loop 反馈环路

• masses of 大量

• on record 有记载的

同义表达

音频题目

• a decade • every ten years

Passage Two


[12] A good dose of willpower is often necessary to see any task through, whether it’s sticking to a spending plan or finishing a great novel.

[13] And if you want to increase that willpower, a new study suggests you just simply have to believe you have it. According to the study, what matters most is what we think about our willpower. If we believe it’s a finite resource, we act that way, we feel exhausted and need breaks between demanding mental tasks. However, people who view their willpower as a limitless resource get energized instead.

The researchers used a psychological assessment tool to test the validity of the study. They asked 1,100 Americans and 1,600 Europeans to grade different statements such as “After a challenging mental activity, my energy is depleted and I must rest to get it refueled again.” or “I can focus on a mental task for long periods without feeling tired.”

Although there was little difference between men and women overall, [14] Americans were more likely to admit to needing breaks after completing mentally challenging tasks. European participants, on the other hand, claimed they were able to keep going.

Based on the findings, the researchers suggest that the key to boosting your willpower is to believe that you have an abundant supply of it.

“[15] Your feelings about your willpower affect the way you behave. But these feelings are changeable,” they said. “Changing your beliefs about the nature of your self-control can have positive effects on character development. This leads to healthier behaviors and perceptions of other people.”

不管是坚持花钱计划，还是读完一本好的小

说，[12] 意志力在完成任何任务时都必不可少。

[13] 如果想要提升意志力，一项研究告诉你，

很简单，相信自己有意志力就行了。这项研究表

明，最重要的因素是我们如何看待自己的意志力。

如果我们觉得自身的意志力有限，行动也会受到

影响，从事耗费脑力的工作时就容易觉得累、需

要休息。然而，相信自己有无穷意志力的人往往

斗志昂扬。

研究者通过心理评估工具测试研究结果的有

效性。他们召集了 1100 个美国人和 1600 个欧洲

人，让他们给不同的评估报告分级。举个例子，

“在做完一项很耗脑力的任务后，我就筋疲力尽

了，需要休息才能恢复活力。” 或是 “我能长时间

在烧脑的任务上保持专注，中途不会感到疲乏。”

这项研究的性别差异不是很明显，[14] 但美

国人更倾向于承认自己在做完一项烧脑任务后需

要休息，而参与调查的欧洲人则反馈称他们能够

继续进行。

基于以上发现，研究者认为，提升意志力的

关键在于相信自己有足够强的意志力。

[15] 研究者表示：“你对自己意志力的认知会

影响你的行为。但这些认知是可以改变的，改变

自己对自我控制的看法会对你的性格产生正面影

响。你的行为和对他人的看法都会变得更加积极

向上。”

78

六级听力真题

答案详解

12. What is often necessary for carrying through a task? A) A good start. B) A detailed plan. C) A scientific approach.D) A strong determination.

12. 坚持完成一项任务往往需要什么？

A) 良好的开始。

B) 详尽的规划。

C) 科学的方法。

D) 强大的意志。

【答案】D

【解析】音频开头提到，意志力在完成任何任务时都必不可少。D 项中的 determination 同义替换音频中的

willpower。

【错选排除】A、B、C 项音频均未提及。13. What is the finding of the new study?A) Most people get energized after a sufficient rest.B) It is vital to take breaks between demanding mental tasks.C) It is most important to have confidence in one’s willpower.D) Most people tend to have a finite source of energy.

13. 最新的研究得出了什么结果？

A) 大多数人在充分休息后就能活力满满。

B) 进行繁重的脑力工作时，必须抽空休息。

C) 最重要的是要相信自己的意志力。

D) 多数人的精力都是有限的。

【答案】C

【解析】音频开头提到，一项新研究称，如果想要提升意志力，相信自己有意志力就行了。C 项中的 have

confidence in 对应音频中的 believe。

【错选排除】A、D 项音频均未提及；B 项是评估报告的举例，并非题干所问。

14. What do we learn about European participants as compared with their American counterparts?A) They found it easier to focus on work at hand.B) They held more positive attitudes toward life.C) They could do more challenging tasks.D) They could keep on working longer.

14. 相比参与调查的美国人，欧洲人表现出什么特

点？

A) 他们能更轻松地专注于手头的工作。

B) 他们对生活的态度更积极。

C) 他们能从事更具挑战性的工作。

D) 他们能连续工作更长时间。

【答案】D

【听前预测】四个选项均以 they 开头，结合其中的 found it easier、more positive、do more、longer 这些比较级

短语，推测本题考查与某个群体的表现相关的内容。

【解析】音频中段提到，美国人在完成脑力挑战任务后表示需要休息，而欧洲人声称他们可以继续进行，即与

美国人相比，欧洲人能连续更长时间工作。

【错选排除】A、B、C 项音频均未提及。

15. What do the researchers say concerning people’s feelings about willpower?A) They are subject to change. B) They are beyond control. C) They are related to culture.D) They are part of their nature.

15. 研究者如何评价人们对意志力的认知？

A) 它是可以改变的。

B) 它不可控。

C) 它和文化相关。

D) 它是人的本性的一部分。

【答案】A

【听前预测】四个选项均以 they are 开头，而且概括性较强，推测本题考查某类事物的特征。

【解析】音频结尾研究人员提到，人对自己意志力的认知会影响人的行为，但这些认知是可以改变的。A 项中

79


的 are subject to change 同义替换音频中的 changeable。



• finite /ˈfaɪnaɪt/ adj. 有限的

• a dose of 一份；一点；一剂

• see sth. through 坚持完成；进行到底

• carry through 成功完成，顺利实现

• at hand 在手边，在附近

• be subject to 可能受……影响的；易遭受……的

同义表达

音频题目

• willpower • determination• believe • have confidence in• changeable • are subject to change

Section C

Recording One


Here is my baby niece, Sarah. Her mum is a doctor, and her dad is a lawyer. By the time Sarah goes to college, the jobs her parents do are going to look dramatically different.

In 2013, researchers at Oxford University did a study on the future of work. [16] They concluded that almost one in every two jobs has a high risk of being automated by machines. Machine learning is the technology that’s responsible for most of this disruption. It’s the most powerful branch of artificial intelligence. It allows machines to learn from data and copy some of the things that humans can do. My company, Kaggle, operates on the cutting edge of machine learning. We bring together hundreds of thousands of experts to solve important problems for industry and academia. This gives us a unique perspective on what machines can do, what they can’t do and what jobs they might automate or threaten.

Machine learning started making its way into industry in the early 90’s. It started with relatively simple tasks. It started with things like assessing credit risk from loan applications, sorting the mail by reading handwritten zip codes. Over the past few years, we have made dramatic breakthroughs. Machine learning is now capable of far, far more complex tasks. In 2012, Kaggle challenged its community to build a program that could grade high-school essays. [17] The winning programs were able to match the grades given by human teachers.

我有一个小侄女，名叫 Sarah。她的妈妈是一名医生，爸爸是一名律师。等 Sarah 到了上大学

的年龄，她父母的工作将会发生翻天覆地的变化。

2013 年，牛津大学的研究者针对未来的

工作开展了一项调查。[16] 结果显示，现有岗

位中几乎一半都面临被机器取代的高风险。机

器学习是这一颠覆现象的主要原因。这是人工

智能最有影响力的一个分支，机器能够通过数

据进行学习，以及模拟人类的一些行为。我

的公司 Kaggle 就在从事机器学习的前沿领域。

我们召集了数十万专家，共同解决产业和学术

界面临的重大问题。因此，我们有独到的视角

去研究机器的潜力和局限性，以及哪些工作可

能会被自动化或威胁。

90 年代早期，机器学习就在各类产业中

有所应用。一开始应用在相对简单的任务，比

如根据贷款申请评估信用风险、识别手写邮政

编码给邮件分类等。过去几年，我们已经取得

了重大突破。机器学习现在能执行的任务远比

之前复杂得多。2012 年，Kaggle 公司在业界

发起一场挑战，要开发一个能给高中论文打分

的程序。[17] 最终胜出的程序可给出与真人教

师差不多的打分结果。

80

六级听力真题

Now, given the right data, machines are going to

outperform humans at tasks like this. A teacher might read

10,000 essays over a 40-year career; a machine can read

millions of essays within minutes. We have no chance of

competing against machines on frequent, high-volume tasks.

But there are things we can do that machines cannot.

Where machines have made very little progress is in tackling

novel situations. Machines can’t handle things they haven’t seen

many times before. [18] The fundamental limitation of machine

learning is that it needs to learn from large volumes of past data,

but humans don’t. We have the ability to connect seemingly

different threads to solve problems we’ve never seen before.

如今，只要获得所需的数据，机器就能在

这类任务上超越人类的表现。一位职业生涯长

达 40 年的老师可能总共只能阅读一万篇论文。

但机器在短短几分钟内就能阅读数百万篇论

文。在频繁、海量的工作面前，我们完全无法

与机器相提并论。

但也有一些任务是我们能做而机器不能做

的。在处理各种新奇的状况方面，机器取得的

进展非常有限。机器无法解决之前没怎么遇到

过的情况。[18] 机器学习的根本局限在于，机

器需要大量学习过往的数据，但人类不用。我

们有能力把一些看似毫不相关的因素串联在一

起，解决我们从未见过的难题。

答案详解

16. What did researchers at Oxford University conclude?

A) The job market is becoming somewhat unpredictable.

B) The jobs of doctors and lawyers would be threatened.

C) Machine learning would prove disruptive by 2013.

D) About half of current jobs might be automated.

16. 牛津大学的研究者得出什么结论？

A) 就业市场正变得越来越难以预测。

B) 医生和律师的工作面临威胁。

C) 机器学习将在 2013 年被证明具有颠覆性。

D) 目前就业岗位约一半都可能会被自动化。

【答案】D

【听前预测】选项中多次出现 job，结合 unpredictable、threatened、automated，推测问题与未来的职业变化有

关。

【解析】音频开头提到，调查结果显示，现有岗位中几乎一半都面临被机器取代的高风险。D 项中的 about half

of current jobs 对应音频中的 almost one in every two jobs。

【错选排除】A 项音频未提及；B 项不属于牛津大学研究者得出的结论；C 项杂糅了研究时间和结论。

17. What do we learn about Kaggle company’s winning programs?

A) They could grade high-school essays just like human teachers.

B) They could read as many as 10,000 essays in a single minute.

C) They are widely applicable for massive open online courses.

D) They are now being used by numerous high school teachers.

17. 关于 Kaggle 公司的获胜程序，我们能了

解到什么？

A) 这些程序能像教师一样给高中论文打分。

B) 这些程序能在短短一分钟内阅读一万篇论文。

C) 这些程序能广泛应用于大型线上公开课。

D) 这些程序正在被许多高中教师使用。

【答案】A

【解析】音频中间提到，2012 年，Kaggle 公司在业界内发起挑战，要开发一个能给高中论文打分的程序，最终

胜出的程序可给出与真人教师差不多的打分结果。A 项中的 just like 对应音频中的 match。

【错选排除】音频提到一个老师在 40 年的职业生涯中可能会读一万篇论文，但机器在短短几分钟内就能阅读数

百万篇论文，可知一万篇论文是一位老师 40 年职业生涯期间的阅读量，而非程序一分钟的阅读量，B 项错误；

C、D 项音频均未提及。

81


18. What is the fundamental limitation of machine learning?

A) It is slow when it comes to tracking novel things.

B) It has to rely on huge amounts of previous data.

C) It does poorly on frequent, high-volume tasks.

D) It needs instructions throughout the process.

18. 机器学习的根本局限在哪里？

A) 在需要处理以前没有过的新状况时，机器进展很慢。

B) 机器必须依赖于大量过往数据。

C) 机器难以应对高频而繁重的工作。

D) 机器至始至终需要人类的指令。

【答案】B

【听前预测】四个选项均以 it 开头，结合其中的 slow、has to rely on、does poorly，推测本题可能考查某事物的

缺点。

【解析】音频末尾提到，机器学习的根本局限在于机器需要大量学习过往的数据。B 项中的 rely on、huge amounts

of、previous 分别对应音频中的 needs to learn、large volumes of、past。

【错选排除】音频提到机器无法解决之前没怎么遇到过的情况，而非进展缓慢，A 项错误；音频明确提到机器擅

长应对高频而繁重的工作，C 项与音频矛盾；D 项音频未提及。

重点表达

• cutting edge 发展前沿，领先地位 • zip code 邮政编码

同义表达

音频题目

• almost one in every two • about half of

• large volumes of • huge amounts of / high-volume

• past • previous

Recording Two


[19] We’ve talked recently about the importance of

sustainable energy. We’ve also talked about the different

theories on how that can be done. So far, our discussions have

all been theoretical. Now I have a practical question for you all.

[20] Can you run a 140,000-kilogram train on just the steam

generated by solar power?

Well, one engineer, Tim Castleman, believes it’s possible.

And his home city of Sacramento, California should see the

technology’s first test. As part of the upgrading of its rail yard,

Castleman, who is an inventor and self-proclaimed steam

visionary, is campaigning for a new steam train that runs without

any fire and could run on an existing 10-kilometer line, drawing

[19] 最近，我们讨论了可持续能源的重要

意义，也讨论了如何实施的各种理论。但迄今

为止，我们的讨论只是停留在理论层面。现

在，我想提出一个实践性较强的问题：[20] 仅

靠太阳能产生的蒸汽，是否可以驱动一辆重

14 万公斤的火车？

对此，一位叫 Tim Castleman 的工程师给

出了肯定的回答。他的家乡位于加利福尼亚州

萨克拉门托市，这里即将见证这项技术的首轮

测试。作为当地铁路站升级的内容之一，一位

自称“蒸汽梦想家”的发明家 Castleman，正

大力宣传一种新型蒸汽火车，这种火车不靠火

82

六级听力真题

tourists and perhaps offering city commuters a green alternative

to their cars.

Castleman wants to build an array of solar magnifying

mirrors at one end of the line to collect and focus heat onto

water filled tubes. This would generate steam that could be

used to fill tanks on a small steam train without the use of fire.

“Supplying power to trains in this way would offer the shortest

distance from well to wheels,” he says, “with the least amount

of energy lost.”

According to Harry Valentine, a Canadian engineer who is

researching modern steam technology, a special tank measuring

two by ten meters could store over 750 kilowatt hours of energy

as high-pressure steam, enough to pull a two-car train for an

hour or so. Energy to drive a steam locomotive can be stored in

other materials besides water.

For example, [21] a team at Tohoku University in Japan

has studied materials that can store large amounts of heat.

When heated, these materials turned from a solid into a liquid,

absorbing energy as they change phase. The liquid is maintained

above its melting point until steam is required, at which point the

liquid is allowed to turn back into a solid, releasing its stored energy.

Another team at Nagoya University in Japan has tested

calcium compound as an energy storage material. Heating this

chemical compound drives off carbon dioxide gas, leaving

calcium oxide. The gas can be stored under pressure in a tank.

To recover the energy, the gas is fed back over the calcium

oxide. In theory, says Valentine, this can create a high enough

temperature to generate superheated steam.

力驱动，而且可以在现有的一条 10 公里的线

路上运行，它还能够吸引游客，或许还能为通

勤者提供开私家车以外的绿色出行方式。

Castleman 想在铁轨一端安装一排聚光镜，

收集阳光并将热量聚焦至装满水的管道。这个

步骤产生的蒸汽能够填满一辆小型蒸汽火车的

水箱，摆脱对火力的依赖。他表示：“通过这

种方式，驱动火车能够将动力端和车轮之间的

距离缩至最短，从而将能量的损耗控制在最低

水平。”

加拿大工程师 Harry Valentine 也在研究现

代蒸汽技术，他表示一种 2*10 米的特制水箱

能储存相当于 750 千瓦时能量的高压蒸汽，足

以驱动两节车厢行进大约一个小时，驱动蒸汽

火车头的能量也能通过水以外的材料储存。

例如，[21] 日本东北大学的一个团队研究

了能储存大量热量的材料。这些物质加热时会

从固态转化为液态，熔化的过程会吸收能量。

这种材料一直在其熔点之上以保持液体状态，

在需要蒸汽的时候，就重新转化为固态并释放

其储存的能量。

日本名古屋大学的另一个团队则测试了

钙化合物作为能源储存介质的可能性，这种化

合物加热后能释放二氧化碳气体，剩下氧化

钙。二氧化碳气体能够在高压罐体中储存，要

重新获取能源，只需重新将其与氧化钙结合。

Valentine 表示，理论上，这足以产生高温来制

造温度极高的蒸汽。

答案详解

19. What has the speaker previously talked about?

A) The generation of steam with the latest technology.

B) The importance of exploring new energy sources.

C) The theoretical aspects of sustainable energy.

D) The engineering problems with solar power.

19. 说话者之前讨论了什么？

A) 通过最新科技产生蒸汽。

B) 探索新能源的重要性。

C) 可持续能源的理论进展。

D) 太阳能应用面临的工程学问题。

【答案】C

【解析】音频开头，讲者说他们最近讨论了可持续能源的重要意义，也讨论了如何实施的各种理论，但迄今为

止的讨论都只限于理论层面。C 项的 theoretical、sustainable energy 均为音频原词。

83


【错选排除】A、D 项音频均未提及；讲者说上次讨论了可持续能源的重要性，而不是新能源，B 项偷换概念。20. What is Tim Councilman trying to do in Sacramento?

A) Cut down the city’s energy consumption.

B) Build a new ten-kilometre railway line.

C) Upgrade the city’s train facilities.

D) Drive trains with solar energy.

20. Tim Castleman 想在萨克拉门托市做什么？

A) 削减该城市的能耗。

B) 建造一条长达十公里的全新铁路。

C) 升级该城市的火车设施。

D) 靠太阳能驱动火车。

【答案】D

【听前预测】选项均以动词原形开头，内容与火车、能源相关，推测本题考查针对交通设施的某种行为。

【解析】Tim Castleman 认为，仅靠太阳能产生的蒸汽驱动一辆重 14 万公斤的火车是可能的。接着讲者又提到，

Castleman 的家乡萨克拉门托市即将见证这项技术的首轮测试。由此可知，Castleman 要在萨克拉门托市做的事

情就是靠太阳能驱动火车。

【错选排除】A 项音频未提及；B 项的 a new... line 音频未提及；C 项的 train facilities 音频未提及。

21. What has a Japanese research team tried to do?

A) Collect carbon dioxide gas.

B) Recover super-heated steam.

C) Find a new material for storing energy.

D) Build a tank for keeping calcium oxide.

21. 日本研究团队努力做了什么？

A) 收集二氧化碳气体。

B) 回收过热蒸汽。

C) 寻找新的储能材料。

D) 设计能储存氧化钙的罐体。

【答案】C

【听前预测】各选项均以动词原形开头，内容与化学物质、能源相关，推测本题考查在能源方面的做法或建议。

【解析】音频后半部分提到，日本东北大学的一个团队研究了能储存大量热量的材料。C 项中的 energy 对应音

频中的 heat。

【错选排除】A、B、D 项均是利用音频原词拼凑的信息，不符合音频原义。


• locomotive /ˌləʊkəˈməʊtɪv/ n. 机车 adj. 移动的

• self-proclaimed /self prəˈkleɪmd/ adj. 自称的

• an array of 一排；一大堆

• drive off 赶走，击退

84

六级听力真题

Recording Three


Today’s crisis in care for older people in England has

two main causes. First, people are living longer with a lot more

complex needs. Second, [22] they rely on a system that has

long been marked by a poor relation between national health

and social care services.

Current services originate in two key measures. They are

the National Health Service and the 1948 National Assistance

Act. This required local government to provide residential

accommodation for older people and supervise care homes run

by independent organizations. They also provided home and

community services, including meals, day centers and home

helpers, and other subsidized services. The National Health

Service was free and wholly publicly provided. It delivered

the best health care for all. No such vision guided residential

and community care, though. [23] The care was substantially

provided by voluntary services which worked together with local

authorities as they long had, with eligibility based on income.

Today, life expectancy has risen from 66 for a male at

birth in 1948 to around 80 now. In addition, there is better

overall health and improved medical knowledge in care. This

means an unprecedented number of people are surviving longer

in conditions requiring experts’ support. Families provide at

least as much care as they ever did. Even so, they can rarely,

without subsidized support, address serious personal needs.

Care for older people faced persistent criticism as these trends

became apparent. From the early 1960s, local authorities were

required to plan health and welfare services. The aim was

to enable older people to remain in their own homes for as

long as possible, but this increased concern about the lack of

coordination between free health and paid-for social care.

如今，英国老年人出现护理危机的主要原

因有两个。首先，人们的寿命更长，需求也越

来越多样化。其次，[22] 长期以来，在他们依

赖的体系中，国民医疗保健制度和社会保健服

务之间的关联不够紧密。

如今的社会保障服务主要源于两项关键举

措：全民医疗服务制度和 1948 年《国民救济

法》。这要求地方政府为老年人提供居所，并监

管独立组织机构运营的护理中心。它们还提供

家政服务和社区服务，包括提供膳食、日间护

理站、居家帮扶和其他补贴性服务。全民医疗

服务制度是免费的，完全由政府提供，它给所

有人提供了最好的医疗保健服务。但是，没有

类似的远见规划来指导家庭护理和社区护理。

[23] 大体上，这些护理由志愿服务机构负责提

供，它们与当地政府合作，根据收入多少来确

定是否有资格得到护理。

如今，出生于 1948 年的男性平均寿命已

由原来的 66 岁延长到现在的 80 岁左右。另外，

人们的整体健康水平和对医疗保健的认识也都

有所提升。这意味着有空前数量的人寿命更长，

这些人的身体状况都需要专业人士帮助。相比

以前，家庭成员对老年人的照料有增无减。但

即使如此，在没有补贴支持的情况下，一些重

大的个人需求他们也很难得到满足。随着这些

趋势日益显现，针对老年人的护理服务也在不

断地受到批评。从 60 年代初开始，地方政府便

开始规划健康及福利服务，旨在让老年人尽可

能久地生活在自己家中。但是，此举加剧了对

免费医疗和付费社会保健二者关系失调的担忧。

85


Through the 1970s, a number of measures sought to

improve matters. However, at a time of financial crisis,

funding diminished and little changed. [24] In the 1980s,

the government cut spending. Meanwhile, preference for

private over public services made management even more

difficult. Simultaneously, the number of sick, older people

grew. Governments emphasized the need to improve services.

They did so, though, while doing little to stop the erosion of

available aid.

Services were irregular across authorities. Unless you

were prepared to pay, they were increasingly difficult to obtain

for any but the most severely disabled.

Why has 60 years of criticism produced so little change?

[25] Discrimination against older people has a long history.

Additionally, those affected by inadequate health and social

care are too vulnerable to launch the protests that have

addressed other forms of discrimination.

20 世纪 70 年代，出台了若干措施来力图

改善这些问题。然而，当时正遭遇金融危机，

资助金数额减少，措施也未取得显著成效。[24]

20 世纪 80 年代，政府开始削减开支。同时，

相比于公共服务，公众更愿意选择私人服务，

这使得管理更加困难。与此同时，患病的老年

人的数量越来越多。政府也强调了改善服务的

必要性，他们尽管付出了行动，但依然难以阻

止可用援助资金的削减。

政府的的医疗服务不规范。除非你打算付

钱，否则除了身患严重残疾的人群，其他人获

得正规医疗服务的难度越来越大。

为什么过去 60 年的批判仍未使医疗服务

得到明显改善呢？ [25] 对老年人的歧视由来已

久。另外，难以得到充分的医疗保障和社会保

障的人本身就是弱势群体，无法发起解决其他

歧视形式的抗议活动。

答案详解

22. What is one cause of the current crisis in care for the elderly

in England?

A) The lack of supervision by both the national and local governments.

B) The poor relation between national health and social care services.

C) The impact of the current economic crisis at home and abroad.

D) The poor management of day centres and home help services.

22. 英国老年人目前面临危机的一个原因

是什么？

A) 缺乏国家政府和地方政府的监管。

B) 国民医疗保健和社会保健服务关联不紧密。

C) 当前国内外经济危机带来的影响。

D) 日间护理站和居家帮扶服务管理混乱。

【答案】B

【听前预测】四个选项均为名词性短语，再由 lack、poor、economic crisis，推测本题考查某种不利情况或因素。

【解析】音频开头提到，当今英国老年人出现护理危机的原因之一是，长期以来，在老年人依赖的体系中，国

民医疗保健制度和社会保健服务之间的关联不够紧密。B 项均为音频原词。

【错选排除】A 项的 lack of supervision 音频未提及；音频提到的经济危机发生在 20 世纪 70 年代，并非当前，C

项错误；D 项的 poor management 音频未提及。

23. What does the speaker say about residential and

community care?

A) It was mainly provided by voluntary services.

B) It called for a sufficient number of volunteers.

C) It mainly caters to the needs of the privileged.

D) It has deteriorated over the past sixty years.

23. 说话者如何评论家庭与社区护理服务？

A) 主要由志愿服务机构提供。

B) 需要足够的志愿者支持。

C) 主要的服务对象是特权人群。

D) 在过去六十年里日渐恶化。

【答案】A

【听前预测】四个选项均以 it 开头，结合 voluntary services、volunteers，推测本题考查与志愿服务有关。

86

六级听力真题

【解析】音频前半部分提到，这些护理大体上由志愿服务机构负责提供。A 项中的 mainly 同义替换音频中的

substantially。

【错选排除】B 项音频未提及；音频提到的“根据收入多少来确定是否有资格得到护理”针对的是低于一定收入的

人群，非特权人群，C 项错误；音频只提到过去 60 年医疗服务未有明显改善，不能等同于日渐恶化，D 项错误。

24. What made management of care for the elderly

more difficult in the 1980s?

A) More of them suffering serious illnesses.

B) Their preference for private services.

C) Fewer home helpers available.

D) Their longer lifespans.

24. 20 世纪 80 年代时，是什么使老年人护理的管理

变得更加困难？

A) 大多数老年人身患重病。

B) 老年人更愿意选择私人服务。

C) 家务助理员人数越来越少。

D) 他们的寿命变得更长。

【答案】B

【听前预测】两个选项包含 their，再由 more... suffering、fewer、longer，推测本题可能考查某群体负面性的变

化或趋势。

【解析】音频后半部分提到，20 世纪 80 年代护理管理工作变得更加困难有两个原因，一是政府削减开支，二

是相比公共服务，公众更愿意选择私人服务。B 项为音频原词重现。

【错选排除】A、D 项与题干无关，不构成因果关系；C 项音频未提及。

25. What does the speaker say about older people in

England?

A) They have contributed a great deal to society.

B) They are vulnerable to illnesses and diseases.

C) They have long been discriminated against.

D) They are unable to pay for health services.

25. 关于英格兰的老年人，说话者说了什么？

A) 他们为社会做出了巨大贡献。

B) 他们容易患上疾病。

C) 他们长期受到歧视。

D) 他们无力购买医疗服务。

【答案】C

【听前预测】四个选项均以 they 开头，结合 vulnerable、discriminated、unable，推测本题考查与某弱势群体相关

的内容。

【解析】音频结尾提到，对老年人的歧视由来已久。C 项 discriminated 对应音频中的 discrimination。

【错选排除】A 项音频未提及；B 项是利用 vulnerable 这个音频中的原词编造的信息；音频末尾提到老年群体受

医疗和社会保障不完善的影响，未提及他们付不起医疗服务的钱，D 项错误。


• subsidize /ˈsʌbsɪdaɪz/ v. 资助，补助

• eligibility /ˌelɪdʒəˈbɪləti/ n. 具备条件，合格

• erosion /ɪˈrəʊʒn/ n. 侵蚀

• care for 关心，照顾

• as... as possible 尽可能

• cater to 迎合，为……服务

同义表达

音频题目

• substantially • mainly

87

2019 年 6月六级听力真题答案（第二套）

2019 年 6月六级听力真题答案（第二套）


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

C A B A C D B D

Section B9 10 11 12 13 14 15

A B C D A D A

Section C16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

B D C D B A C B C A

88

六级听力真题

2019 年 6月六级听力真题解析（第二套）


Section A

Conversation One


W: Hi, my name’s Cathy. Nice to meet you.

M: Nice to meet you too, Cathy. My name’s John. I’m a

university friend of the bride. What about you? Who do

you know at this party?

W: I am a colleague of Brenda. I was a little surprised to be invited, to be honest. We’ve only been working together the last six months, but we quickly became good friends. [1] We just wrapped up a project with a difficult client last week. I bet Brenda is glad it’s done with, and she can focus on wedding preparations.

M: Oh, yes. So you are Cathy from the office. Actually I’ve heard a lot about you and that project. The client sounded like a real nightmare.

W: Oh, he was. I mean we deal with all kinds of people on a regular basis. It’s part of the job, but he was especially particular. Enough about that, what line of work are you in?

M: Well, right out of college I worked in advertising for a while. Recently though, I turn my photography hobby into a small business. [2] I’ll actually be taking photos during the big event as a wedding gift.

W: That sounds wonderful and very thoughtful of you. I bake, just as a hobby. But Brenda has asked me to do the cake for the wedding. [3] I was a bit nervous saying yes because I’m far from a professional.

M: Did you bake the cookies here at the party tonight?W: Yes, I got the idea from a magazine.M: They’re delicious! You’ve got nothing to worry about.

You are a natural.

女：你好，我叫 Cathy。很高兴认识你。

男：我也很高兴认识你，Cathy。我叫 John。我是

新娘的大学朋友。你呢？你是哪位新人的朋

友？

女：我是 Brenda 的同事。说实话，我有点惊讶她

会邀请我。我们只在过去六个月一起共事，

但很快就成了好朋友。[1] 我们上周刚和一个

难缠的客户完成了一个项目。我敢说 Brenda 一定很高兴项目结束了，这样她就可以专注

于婚礼的准备工作了。

男：哦，我知道了。你就是 Brenda 她们办公室的 Cathy。其实，我听说过很多关于你和那个项

目的事。那个客户听起来真像一个噩梦。

女：嗯，没错。我的意思是，我们经常和各种各

样的人打交道，这是工作的一部分，但他也

太挑剔了。不说这个了，你是做什么工作的？

男：噢，我刚从大学毕业那会做了一段时间的广

告工作。不过最近，我把我的摄影爱好做成

了一个小生意。[2] 实际上，我将在 Brenda 的婚礼上给她拍照，作为礼物送给她。

女：听起来真不错，你想得可真周到。我会烘焙，

但仅仅是个人爱好。但是 Brenda 要我为她的

婚礼做蛋糕。[3] 我答应了她，但感觉有点紧

张，毕竟我跟专业人士比还差得远呢。

男：今晚派对上的饼干是你烤的吗？

女：是的。我从一本杂志上得到了灵感。

男：这些饼干太好吃了！你没什么好担心的。你

在这方面真是个天才。

89


W: You really think so?M: If you hadn’t told me that, I would have guessed they

were baked by the restaurant. [4] You know, with your event-planning experience, you could very well open your own shop.

W: One step at a time. First, I’ll see how baking the wedding cake goes. If it’s not a disaster, maybe I’ll give it some more thought.

女：你真这么想吗？

男：如果你没告诉我的话，我还以为这些饼干是

餐厅制作的。[4] 你知道，凭你的活动策划经

验，你完全可以开一家自己的店。

女：一步一步来吧。我得先看看这次婚礼蛋糕做

得怎么样。如果结果不糟糕的话，也许我会

再考虑一下。

答案详解

1. What did Cathy and Brenda finish doing last week?

A) A six-month-long negotiation.

B) Preparations for the party.

C) A project with a troublesome client.

D) Gift wrapping for the colleagues.

1. 上周 Cathy 和 Brenda 完成了什么？

A) 一个为期六个月的谈判。

B) 为派对做准备。

C) 一个难缠的客户的项目。

D) 为同事们包装礼物。

【答案】C

【解析】女士提到自己上周刚和一个难缠的客户完成了一个项目，对应 C 项，选项中的 troublesome 是音频中

difficult 的同义替换。

【错选排除】A 项，女士说自己和 Brenda 在过去六个月一起共事，而不是为期六个月的谈判；B 项音频有提及，

女士说 Brenda 可以开始专注于婚礼的准备工作了，但是无法对应本题题干；D 项音频未提及。

2. What is John going to do for Brenda?

A) Take wedding photos.

B) Advertise her company.

C) Start a small business.

D) Throw a celebration party.

2. John 将为 Brenda 做什么？

A) 拍婚礼照片。

B) 为她的公司做广告。

C) 开一家小公司。

D) 举办一个庆祝派对。

【答案】A

【听前预测】各选项均为动词短语，推测本题考查人的行为。

【解析】男士说自己将在 Brenda 的婚礼上给她拍照，作为礼物送给她，对应 A 项。

【错选排除】B 项 advertising 音频有提及，男士说刚从大学毕业那会做了一段时间的广告工作，但并非 B 项所

说的为她的公司做广告；C 项男士建议女士开一家自己的店，而不是为 Brenda 做的事情；D 项音频未提及。

3. How did Cathy feel when asked to bake the cake?

A) Hesitant.

B) Nervous.

C) Flattered.

D) Surprised.

3. 当被请求烤蛋糕时，Cathy 是什么感受？

A) 犹豫的

B) 紧张的

C) 感到荣幸的

D) 感到惊讶的

【答案】B

【听前预测】四个选项均为表达感受的形容词，推测本题考查人的感受。

【解析】女士提到，她有点紧张地答应了 Brenda 为她做婚礼蛋糕，对应 B 项，音频与选项内容视听一致。

【错选排除】A、C、D 项音频均未提及。

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六级听力真题


A) Start her own bakery.

B) Improve her baking skill.

C) Share her cooking experience.

D) Prepare food for the wedding.

4. 男士给了女士什么建议？

A) 开她自己的面包店。

B) 提高她的烘焙技能。

C) 分享她的烹饪经验。

D) 为婚礼准备食物。

【答案】A

【听前预测】四个选项均为动词短语，且大部分选项出现了 her，可推测本题考查与女士相关的内容。结合选项

中出现的 bakery, baking 和 cooking，可推测与烘焙关系密切，听录音时可关注这方面相关的内容。

【解析】音频末尾男士对女士说，凭她的活动策划经验，她完全可以开一家自己的店。A 项中的 start her own

bakery 对应音频中的 open your own shop。

【错选排除】B、C 项音频未提及；D 项，女士将为婚礼制作蛋糕，但这不是男士给女士的建议。


• wrap up 包裹；圆满完成；（使）穿得暖和

• on a regular basis 定期地；经常地

• feel flattered 被奉承得高兴；感到荣幸

同义表达

音频题目

• troublesome • difficult

• open one’s own shop • start one’s own bakery

Conversation Two


M: You are heading for a completely different world now that you are about to graduate from high school.

W: I know it’s the end of high school, but many of my classmates are going on to the same university, and we are still required to study hard. So what’s the difference?

M: [5] Many aspects are different here at university. The most important one is that you have to take more individual responsibility for your actions. It’s up to your own self-discipline—how much effort you put into study. Living in college dormitories, there are no parents to tell you to study harder or stop wasting time. Lecturers have hundreds of students and they are not going to follow you up or question you if you miss their lectures.

男：现在你即将高中毕业，正要迈向一个完全

不同的世界。

女：我知道高中就要结束了，但是我许多同学

都将上同一所大学，并且我们仍然需要努

力学习。所以又有什么区别呢？

男： [5] 高中和大学在很多方面都不一样。最重

要的一点是，你必须为自己的行为承担更

多的个人责任。你在学习上投入多少精力，

完全取决于你自己的自律。住在大学宿舍

里，那里没有父母会告诉你要更加努力学

习或者不要浪费时间。讲师有几百名学生，

如果你不去上他们的课，他们不会跟进你

的情况，也不会质问你。

91


W: Nobody cares, you mean?M: It’s not that nobody is concerned about you. [6] It’s just that

suddenly at university you are expected to behave like an adult. That means concentrating on the direction of your life in general and your own academic performance specifically.

W: For example…?M: Well, like you need to manage your daily, weekly and

monthly schedules, so that you’ll study regularly. Be sure to attend all classes and leave enough time to finish assignments and prepare well for examinations.

W: OK, and what else is different?M: Well, in college there are lots of distractions, and you need

to control yourself. You will make interesting friends, [7] but you need only keep the friends who respect your student commitments. [8] Also, there are a lot of wonderful clubs, but you shouldn’t allocate too much time to club activities, unless they are directly related to your study. It’s also your choice if you want to go out at night, but you will be foolish to let that affect your class performance during the day.

W: Well, I’m determined to do well at university and I guess I’m going to have to grow up fast.

女：你意思是没人会关心你？

男：不是说没有人关心你，[6] 而是在大学里你

突然被要求像成年人一样做事。这意味着

要关注你的人生方向，尤其是你自己的学

业成绩。

女：比如？

男：比如，你需要管理好你每日、每周和每月

的学习计划，这样你才能有规律地学习。

一定要出勤所有的课程，还要留出足够的

时间完成作业，为考试做好准备。

女：好的，还有什么不同之处呢？

男：大学里有很多让人分心的事情，你需要控

制你自己。你会结交到有趣的朋友，[7] 但是你只需要与那些尊重你对学业投入的人

做朋友。[8] 此外，大学有很多很棒的社团，

但你不应该花太多的时间到社团活动上，

除非它们与你的学习直接相关。你可以晚

上出去玩，这是你自己的选择，但如果这

影响到你白天的课堂表现，那就太愚蠢了。

女：嗯，我下定决心在大学里取得好成绩，所

以我想我必须快速成长。

答案详解

5. What does the man say about college students as compared with high schoolers?A) They have to spend more time studying. B) They have to participate in club activities.C) They have to be more responsible for what they do.D) They have to choose a specific academic discipline.

5. 与高中生相比，男士认为大学生怎么样？

A) 他们必须花更多的时间学习。

B) 他们必须参加社团活动。

C) 他们必须对自己的行为承担更多责任。

D) 他们必须选择特定的学科。

【答案】C

【听前预测】四个选项均由 they have to 引导，推测本题可能考查与“不得不”相关的责任或者义务，所以要注

意与责任相关的同近义词表达。

【解析】男士提及，高中和大学在很多方面都不一样。最重要的一点是，你必须为自己的行为承担更多的个人

责任。其中，take more individual responsibility 是 C 项中 be more responsible 的同义替换。

【错选排除】A 项学习时间，B 项社团活动，是大学生自己决定的；D 项音频未提及。

6. What are college students expected to do according

to the man?

A) Get ready for a career.

B) Make a lot of friends.

C) Set a long-term goal.

D) Behave like adults.

6. 根据男士的说法，大学生应该做什么？

A) 做好职业准备。

B) 交很多朋友。

C) 制定长期目标。

D) 像成年人一样做事。

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【答案】D

【听前预测】各选项均为动词短语，结合选项中出现的 ready for a career、make friends、set a goal 和 behave like

adults 可推测，本题可能是询问学生的有关表现。

【解析】音频中男士分享经验说，一旦进入大学，人会被期望表现得像个成年人，对应 D 项。

【错选排除】A、C 项音频未提及；B 项不是男士的建议。

7. What kind of friends does the man suggest the

woman make as a college student?

A) Those who share her academic interests.

B) Those who respect her student commitments.

C) Those who can help her when she is in need.

D) Those who go to the same clubs as she does.

7. 男士建议女士在大学期间结交什么样的朋友？

A) 与她学术兴趣一致的人。

B) 尊重她对学业投入的人。

C) 当她有需要时能帮助她的人。

D) 和她加入同样社团的人。

【答案】B

【解析】音频中间男士提醒女士应该交那些尊重她对学业奉献的朋友，因此选 B。

【错选排除】A 项，音频的表述是 make interesting friends，不是 share interests；C、D 项音频未提及。

8. What kind of club activities should college students

engage in according to the man?

A) Those helpful for tapping their potential.

B) Those conducive to improving their social skills.

C) Those helpful for cultivating individual interests.

D) Those conducive to their academic studies.

8. 根据男士的说法，大学生应该参加什么样的社团

活动？

A) 有助于挖掘潜力的活动。

B) 有利于提高社交技能的活动。

C) 有利于培养个人兴趣的活动。

D) 有助于学生学术研究的活动。

【答案】D

【解析】音频末尾男士对女士提出了建议，社团活动很多，但要参加与学习直接相关的活动。音频中的 related

to your study 对应 D 项中的 conducive to their academic studies。


重点词汇

• conductive /kənˈdʌktɪv/ adj. 使容易（或有可能）发生的

同义表达

音频题目

• take more individual responsibility • be more responsible

• related to one’s study • conducive to one’s academic studies

93


Section B

Passage One


[9] Most successful people are unorthodox persons whose

minds wander outside traditional ways of thinking. Instead

of trying to refine old formulas, they invent new ones. When

Jean-Claude Killy made the French National Ski Team in the

early 1960s, he was prepared to work harder than anyone else

to be the best. At the crack of dawn, he would run up the slopes

with his skis on, an unbelievably backbreaking activity. In the

evening, he would do weightlifting and running. But the other

team members were working as hard and long as he was. He

realized instinctively that simply training harder would never

be enough. Killy then began challenging the basic theories of

racing technique.

Each week, he would try something different to see if he

could find a better, faster way down the mountain. [10] His

experiments resulted in a new style that was almost exactly

opposite the accepted technique of the time. It involved skiing

with his legs apart for better balance and sitting back on the

skis when he came to a turn. He also used ski poles in an

unorthodox way to propel himself as he skied. The explosive

new style helped cut Killy’s racing time dramatically. In 1966

and 1967, he captured virtually every major skiing trophy.

[11] The next year, he won three gold medals in the Winter

Olympics, a record in ski racing that has never been topped.

Killy learned an important secret shared by many creative

people: innovations don’t require genius, just a willingness to

question the way things have always been done.

[9] 大多数成功人士都是非传统人士，他们

的思想游离于传统的思维方式之外。他们没有

试图改进旧方法，而是发明新方法。在 20 世

纪 60 年代初，Jean-Claude Killy 进入法国国家

滑雪队时，他准备比任何人都更加努力，以成

为最好的滑雪运动员。每天天一亮，他都会穿

着滑雪板跑上斜坡——这是一项极其艰辛的活

动。晚上，他进行举重和跑步。然而，其他队

员和他一样刻苦，训练的时间和他一样长。他

开始本能地意识到仅靠加大训练强度是远远不

够的。于是 Killy 开始向滑雪赛技术的基本理

论发起挑战。

每星期，他都会尝试不同的方法，看看是

否能找到更好更快的下山方式。[10] 他的种种

尝试形成了一种新风格，几乎与当时广为接受

的滑雪技术完全相反。这种新风格包括滑雪时

双腿分开以保持更好的平衡，以及在转弯时坐

在滑雪板上。他还以一种非传统的方式使用滑

雪杖来推动自己滑雪。这种颠覆性的新风格大

幅缩短了 Killy 的比赛时间。在 1966 年和 1967

年，他几乎赢得了所有主要滑雪赛事的奖杯。

[11] 第二年，他在冬季奥运会上斩获了三枚金

牌，创下了滑雪比赛中至今未被打破的纪录。

Killy 领悟了一个许多有创造力的人都知道的重

要秘密：创新不需要天才，只需要质疑事情常

规做法的意愿。

答案详解

9. What does the speaker say about most successful people?

A) They break away from traditional ways of thinking.

B) They are prepared to work harder than anyone else.

C) They are good at refining old formulas.

D) They bring their potential into full play.

9. 讲话人认为大多数成功人士是什么样的？

A) 他们跳出传统的思维方式。

B) 他们做好了比其他人更刻苦的准备。

C) 他们善于改进旧方法。

D) 他们充分发挥自己的潜力。

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六级听力真题

【答案】A

【解析】音频开头提到，大多数成功人士是另类的，他们总是跳出传统的思维方式，对应 A 项。选项中的 break

away from 对应音频中的 wander outside。

【错选排除】B 项 work harder 指的是滑雪运动员 Jean-Claude Killy；C 项与音频意思相反，refining old formulas

并不是成功人士的做法；D 项音频未提及。

10. What does the speaker say about Killy’s experiments?

A) They contributed to the popularity of skiing worldwide.

B) They resulted in a brand new style of skiing techniques.

C) They promoted the scientific use of skiing poles.

D) They made explosive news in the sports world.

10. 关于 Killy 的种种尝试，讲话人有何看法？

A) 它们使滑雪在世界范围内更受欢迎。

B) 它们创造了一种全新的滑雪技术风格。

C) 它们促进了滑雪杖的科学使用。

D) 它们在体育界制造了爆炸性的大新闻。

【答案】B

【解析】音频中间提到，Killy 通过种种尝试发现了一种新的滑雪风格，跟当时广为接受的技巧几乎完全相反，

因此选项 B 正确。

【错选排除】A 项 the popularity of skiing，C 项 the scientific use，D 项 explosive news 音频均未提及。

11. What is said to be Killy’s biggest honor in his skiing career?

A) He was recognized as a genius in the world of sports.

B) He competed in all major skiing events in the world.

C) He won three gold medals in one Winter Olympics.

D) He broke three world skiing records in three years.

11. Killy 在滑雪生涯中获得的最大荣誉是什么？

A) 他被认为是体育界的一位天才。

B) 他参加了所有的世界大型滑雪赛事。

C) 他在一次冬奥会中赢得了三块金牌。

D) 他在三年中三次打破滑雪世界纪录。

【答案】C

【解析】音频末尾提到，Killy 在冬奥会上赢得了三块金牌，创下了滑雪比赛中至今未被打破的纪录，C 项与音

频信息一致。题干中的 Killy’s biggest honor in his skiing career 对应音频中的 a record in ski racing that has never

been topped。

【错选排除】A 项音频未提及；B 项，音频只说了 Killy 在多项赛事中获奖，并没有说这些奖项是他的最高成就；

D 项，音频的表述是 Killy 在同一年里获得了三块金牌，而不是三次打破世界纪录。

重点词汇

• propel /prəˈpel/ vt. 驱使；迫使

• trophy /ˈtrəʊfi/ n. 奖杯，战利品

同义表达

音频题目

• wander outside traditional ways of thinking • break away from traditional ways of thinking

95


Passage Two


Scientific experiments have demonstrated incredible

ways to kill a guinea pig, a small furry animal. Emotional

upsets generate powerful and deadly toxic substances. [12]

Blood samples taken from persons experiencing intense fear

or anger when injected into guinea pigs have killed them

in less than two minutes. Imagine what these poisonous

substances can do to your own body.

[13] Every thought that you have affects your body

chemistry within a split second. Remember how you feel

when you are speeding down the highway and a big truck

suddenly brakes twenty meters in front of you. A shockwave

shoots through your whole system. Your mind produces

instant reactions in your body.

The toxic substances that fear, anger, frustration and

stress produce not only kill guinea pigs but kill us off in a

similar manner. [14] It is impossible to be fearful, anxious,

irritated and healthy at the same time. It is not just difficult;

it is impossible. Simply put, your body’s health is a reflection

of your mental health. Sickness will often then be a result of

unresolved inner conflicts which in time show up in the body.

It is also fascinating how our subconscious mind shapes

our health. Do you recall falling sick on a day when you

didn’t want to go to school? Headaches brought on by fear?

[15] The mind-body connection is such that if, for example,

we want to avoid something, very often our subconscious

mind will arrange it. Once we recognize that these things

happen to us, we are halfway to doing something about them.

科学实验已经证实有些不可思议的方法也会

杀死豚鼠，一种毛绒绒的小动物。情绪沮丧会产

生强效而致命的有毒物质。[12] 把从经历强烈恐

惧或愤怒的人身上提取的血液样本注射到豚鼠体

内，可让它们不到两分钟就一命呜呼。试想一下

这些有毒物质会对人的身体造成什么影响。

[13] 你的每一个想法都会在瞬间影响你的身

体化学机能。当你在公路上飞驰时，一辆大卡车

突然在你前面 20 米处刹车，你会有什么感觉？

一道冲击波闪电般穿过你整个身体系统。你的大

脑会让你的身体立刻产生反应。

恐惧、愤怒、沮丧和压力产生的有毒物质

不仅会杀死豚鼠，还会以类似的方式杀死我们。

[14] 人不可能在感到恐惧、焦虑、恼怒的同时，

还处于健康状态。这样的情况不是难以发生，而

是不可能发生。简单来说，你的身体健康是你心

理健康的反映。疾病往往是未解决的内心冲突的

结果，这些冲突迟早会显现在身体上。

另一个有趣的话题是，我们的潜意识如何

影响我们的健康。你还记得某天你不想上学的时

候就生病了的情景吗？还记得由恐惧引起的头痛

吗？ [15] 思维和身体的联系是这样的：例如，如

果我们想避免某件事，通常潜意识里我们就会为

此创造条件。一旦我们意识到这些事情会发生在

我们身上，我们就已经在行动的路上了。

答案详解

12. What happens to guinea pigs when blood samples

of angry people are injected into them?

A) They appear restless.

B) They lose consciousness.

C) They become upset.

D) They die almost instantly.

12. 把愤怒的人的血液样本注射到豚鼠体内，会发

生什么？

A) 它们显得焦躁不安。

B) 它们会失去意识。

C) 它们变得很沮丧。

D) 它们几乎立刻死亡。

【答案】D

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六级听力真题

【解析】根据音频开头可知，将带有强烈恐惧或愤怒情绪的人的血样注射给豚鼠，会在不到两分钟内将豚鼠杀

死，对应 D 项。选项中的 die almost instantly 对应音频中的 killed them in less than two minutes。

【错选排除】A 项 restless，B 项 lose consciousness，C 项 upset 音频均未提及。13. What does the speaker say about every thought you have?A) It has an instant effect on your body chemistry.B) It keeps returning to you every now and then.C) It leaves you with a long-lasting impression.D) It contributes to the shaping of your mind.

13. 关于人的每一个想法，讲话者说了些什么？

A) 它会立刻影响你身体的化学机能。

B) 它会不时地反复在你脑海中出现。

C) 它会给你留下长期的印象。

D) 它对你思维的塑造有促进作用。

【答案】A

【解析】音频中间提到，人的每一个想法都会在一瞬间影响身体的化学机能，对应 A 项。选项中的 instant effect

是音频中 affects... within a split second 的同义替换。

【错选排除】B 项 keeps returning to you，C 项 a long-lasting impression，D 项 the shaping of your mind 音频均未提及。

14. What does the speaker say is impossible?A) To succeed while feeling irritated.B) To feel happy without good health.C) To be free from frustration and failure.D) To enjoy good health while in dark moods.

14. 讲话者说什么是不可能的？

A) 在感到烦躁的同时取得成功。

B) 健康状态不佳也能感到幸福。

C) 杜绝沮丧与失败。

D) 情绪不佳时维持良好的健康状态。

【答案】D

【听前预测】各选项均为动词不定式结构，且其中出现了 feel、irritated、happy、frustration、enjoy 等跟情绪相

关的词，推测本题可能考查情绪、感受相关的信息。

【解析】音频中间部分提到，在感到恐惧、焦虑、烦躁的同时，保持健康状态是不可能的，对应 D 项。选项中

的 in dark moods 是对音频中 healthy、fearful、anxious、irritated 这些负面情绪的总述。

【错选排除】A、C 项音频未提及；B 项利用 good health 进行干扰，音频中想表达的是不快乐时不可能健康，但

并未提及不健康时一定不快乐。

15. What does the passage say about our mind and body?A) They are closely connected. B) They function in a similar way. C) They are too complex to understand.D) They reinforce each other constantly.

15. 关于我们的思想和身体，文章说了什么？

A) 它们联系紧密。

B) 它们的运转方式相似。

C) 它们过于复杂，无法理解。

D) 它们总是互相加强。

【答案】A

【解析】音频末尾提到，思维与身体的联系是这样的：比如，我们想避免一个东西的时候，我们的潜意识往往会

为此创设条件，可知思维会对身体施加某种影响，再结合之前音频中出现的 how our subconscious mind shapes

our health，可知我们的思维塑造着我们的健康状态，换而言之，思维与身体的关系非常密切，对应 A 项。


重点词汇

• toxic /ˈtɒksɪk/ adj. 有毒的；引起中毒的

• irritated /ˈɪrɪteɪtɪd/ adj. 恼火的；急躁的

• inject /ɪnˈdʒekt/ v. 注射；引入

• restless /ˈrestləs/ adj. 坐立不安的；不耐烦的

97


同义表达

音频题目

• in less than two minutes • almost instantly

• affects... within a split second • instant effect

• in dark moods • to be fearful, anxious, irritated

Section C

Recording One


Teachers and students alike have experienced the curious paradox that beginners, as a rule, tend to think too little about what they are doing because they think too much about what they are doing. [16] Take, for example, people who are learning to play basketball or the piano. They have to give so much thought and attention to the low-level mechanics of handling the ball or fingering the keys or reading the music, that they are unable to give any thought to the thing that matters—the game, or the music, respectively. With experts, it’s just the other way around. They are open to the tactical possibilities and the musical challenges precisely because they are freed, through skill, from the need to pay attention to the low-level details of how to play. Indeed, when the expert pays attention to the mechanics, this is liable to disrupt performance.

This has led some to say that the expert operates in a zone “beyond thought”, in a state of flow. But this is misleading. Expert performance is not beyond thought. [17] Smart basketball players or skilled musicians need to pay close attention to the demands of high performance, to the challenges to be overcome. What they don’t need to do—what would be a distraction—is to have to think about where their fingers are, or how to control the ball while running. It’s not mechanics, but the play itself, that absorbs the expert’s intelligence. [18] A nice video published online last month sheds light on expertise and the conscious mind. The video reports a new study using an eye-tracking device. It turns out that the less-skilled pianist spends more time looking at her fingers than does the expert who, in contrast, is more likely to be looking at the sheet music or looking ahead at keys he’s not yet playing. In general, the expert’s gaze was calmer and more stable.

老师和学生都经历过一个奇怪的悖论：初

学者通常对自己所做的事情想得太少，因为他

们对正在做的事情想得太多。[16] 以正在学习

篮球或钢琴的人为例。他们不得不花很多心思

和精力在控球、按琴键或看乐谱等基础动作上，

以至于他们无法思考那些真正重要的事情，即

篮球或音乐本身。而对于专业人士来说，情况

恰恰相反。正是因为他们具有将注意力从如何

演奏或运球的低级细节中解放出来的技巧，所

以更易于接受战术上的可能性和音乐上的挑战。

事实上，专业人士关注技巧时很容易破坏他们

的表现。

如此导致一些人认为，专业人士是在“超

越思维”的状态下工作的，处于“心流”状态。

然而这是一种误导，专业人士的表现并不是超

越思维的。[17] 聪明的篮球运动员或技艺精湛

的音乐家都需要密切关注对高水平表现的要求，

以及需要克服的挑战。他们不需要做的正是让

他们分散注意力的事，即必须考虑手指放在哪

里，或者在跑步时如何控球。专业人士专注思

考的不是机械的操作，而是比赛或表演本身。

[18] 上个月在网上发布的一段精彩视频揭示了

专业技能和有意识的思维。这段视频报道了一

项使用眼球追踪设备的新研究。事实证明，技

术不太熟练的钢琴演奏者花在看手指上的时间

要比钢琴家多，相反，钢琴家更倾向于看乐谱

或他还没演奏的琴键。一般来说，专家的目光

更为平静、稳定。

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六级听力真题

[18] This is not a surprising finding. It supports what

we might almost think of as conventional wisdom. But it’s

remarkable for all that, nonetheless. The eye tracker gives

expert and learning performers a glimpse into what they do

without thinking about it. The topic of the nature of skill—and

the differences between beginners and experts—has been one

of considerable discussion in cognitive science and philosophy.

[18] 这一发现并不令人惊讶。它印证了我

们几乎认为是传统智慧的观点。尽管如此，该

研究还是值得我们注意。眼球追踪设备可以让

专家和仍在学习的表演者了解自己无意识的行

为。技能的本质，以及初学者和专业人士之间

的差异，一直是认知科学和哲学领域的重要讨

论话题之一。

答案详解

16. What does the speaker say about beginners and expert pianists? A) They differ in their appreciation of music.B) They focus their attention on different things.C) They finger the piano keys in different ways.D) They choose different pieces of music to play.

16. 讲话人怎样评论初学者和专业钢琴家？

A) 他们欣赏的音乐不同。

B) 他们的注意力集中在不同的事情上。

C) 他们用不同的方式弹钢琴。

D) 他们选择不同的音乐片段去表演。

【答案】B

【解析】音频开头提及钢琴初学者和专业人士的差异。钢琴初学者不得不花太多的心思和精力在按琴键或看乐

谱等低级的技巧上，以至于他们无法去思考那些真正重要的事情，即音乐本身。而对于专业钢琴家说，情况恰

恰相反。正是因为他们具有将注意力从如何演奏的低级细节中解放出来的技巧，所以对战术上的可能性和音乐

上的挑战持开放态度，可以得出两类人的注意力集中在不同的事情上，对应 B 项。选项中的 different 对应音频

the other way round。

【错选排除】A、D 项音频未提及；C 项，音频只说初学者过多关注基础动作，而不是说初学者和专业人士弹奏

方式不同。

17. What do smart basketball players do according to the speaker?A) They manage to cooperate well with their teammates. B) They use effective tactics to defeat their competitors. C) They try hard to meet the spectators’ expectations. D) They attach great importance to high performance.

17. 根据讲话人的说法，聪明的篮球运动员会做

什么？

A) 他们能够和队友合作得很好。

B) 他们使用有效的策略击败对手。

C) 他们努力尝试达到观众的期望。

D) 他们非常重视高水平的表现。

【答案】D

【解析】音频中提到，聪明的篮球运动员需要密切关注对高水平表现的要求，以及需要克服的挑战，与 D 项对

应。选项中的 attach great importance to 对应音频中的 pay close attention to。

【错选排除】A、B、C 项音频未提及。

18. What do we learn about the new study published in an online video?A) It marks a breakthrough in behavioral science.B) It adopts a conventional approach to research.C) It supports a piece of conventional wisdom.D) It gives rise to controversy among experts.

18. 关于网上视频发布的新研究我们知道什么？

A) 它标志着行为科学的一次突破。

B) 它采用了一种传统的方式做研究。

C) 它证实了一种传统智慧。

D) 它引起了专家间的争论。

99


【答案】C

【解析】音频中提到这一发现并不令人惊讶。它印证了我们几乎认为是传统智慧的观点，与 C 项一致。音频中

的 a nice video published online 与题干中的 an online video 相呼应。

【错选排除】A、D 项音频未提及；B 项，音频出现了 conventional，但是并没有说采用什么方式进行研究。


• tactical /ˈtæktɪkl/ adj. 战术的；策略的；善于策略的

• nonetheless /ˌnʌnðəˈles/ adv. 尽管如此

• cognitive /ˈkɒɡnətɪv/ adj. 认知的；感知的

• tactic /ˈtæktɪk/ n. 策略；手段

• spectator /spekˈteɪtə(r)/ n. （尤指体育比赛的）

观看者，观众

• shed light on 阐明；使……清楚地显出

同义表达

音频题目

• different • the other way round

• pay close attention to • attach great importance to

• an online video • a nice video published online

Recording Two


Every summer when I top up my selection of summer outfits from the department stores, my eyes would nearly pop out of my head. [19] I’m overwhelmed with a wide range of different slimming products each year. And more shockingly, these products are often advocated by very slim models. Having lived in Asia for almost ten years now, I’ve seen various dieting tips come and go. I remember in Japan people heading directly to the fruit section in the supermarket when the banana diet was at its peak. Then there was the black tea and oolong tea diet followed by the soybean diet and the tomato juice diet. The list goes on and on.

Apart from what people eat, I’ve also seen many interesting slimming products. In Hongkong, I’ve seen girls wrapping their whole body or both legs up with a special type of slimming tape which is supposed to help make them thinner. [20] But it just reminded me of the roasted ham my mother usually puts on the dinner table of Christmas. Then there were the face slimming rollers that were said to improve your blood circulation and make

每年夏天，当我去百货公司添置夏装

时，我都会惊讶到眼珠子快要掉出来。[19] 每年，我都因为各种各样的减肥产品而应接

不暇。更令人震惊的是，这些产品通常由非

常苗条的模特代言。在亚洲生活了近 10 年，

我看到过各种各样的节食秘诀。我记得在日

本，当香蕉减肥法最流行的时候，人们去超

市都会直接奔向水果区。接下来流行的是红

茶和乌龙茶减肥法，后来又是大豆和番茄汁

减肥法。这样的例子不胜枚举。

除了从饮食上入手，我还看到了许多有

趣的减肥产品。在香港，我曾见过一些女孩

用一种特殊的减肥胶带包裹全身或双腿，据

说这种胶带能让她们变瘦。[20] 但它只会让

我想起圣诞节我妈妈经常放在餐桌上的烤火

腿。还有一种面部减肥滚轮，据说可以改善

血液循环，让你的脸变小。就我个人而言，

100

六级听力真题

your face smaller. Personally, I do not believe in any of these slimming gadgets, and I think I have a very different perspective when it comes to the definition of what is beautiful. Asian women prefer to avoid the sun because being pale or white is considered beautiful, whereas a tanned complexion is considered much more beautiful and sexy in the west. [21] It is most certainly shaped by a person’s culture as well as how they were raised in their childhood. As each summer season approaches, there’s no escape from it.

But it’s not only women who are affected by this pressure to look good. Men aspire to be able to show off their six-packs or their V-shape backs and there’s a growing market of slimming pills aimed at men, too. I think no matter what diets we follow or what slimming products we obsess ourselves with, at the end of the day there’s no magic trick to shape up for the summer. Eat in a balance way and incorporate the right level of physical activity. For me, this still seems to be the best plan.

我不相信这些减肥的小器械，我对于漂亮的

定义有完全不同的观点。亚洲女性更喜欢避

免日晒，因为她们认为皮肤白皙就是漂亮，

而在西方，古铜色的皮肤被认为更漂亮，更

性感。[21] 这种不同的观点是由一个人的文

化及其童年时代的家教塑造的。随着每个夏

季的来临，我们根本无从回避。

然而，不仅是女性会受到外貌压力的影

响。男性渴望展示自己的六块腹肌或倒三角

形后背，男性减肥药的市场也在不断扩大。

我认为，不管我们遵循什么样的饮食习惯，

也不管我们沉迷于什么样的减肥产品，没有

什么神奇的方法可以让我们在夏天之前迅速

获得好身材。均衡饮食，并进行适当的体育

锻炼。对我来说，这似乎仍然是最好的计划。

答案详解

19. What overwhelms the speaker when she buys her summer outfits each year?A) People’s envy of slim models. B) People’s craze for good health.C) The increasing range of fancy products.D) The great variety of slimming products.

19. 当讲话人每年购买夏装时，是什么让她应接不

暇？

A) 人们对苗条模特的嫉妒。

B) 人们对于健康的狂热。

C) 令人眼花缭乱的产品日渐多样。

D) 品种繁多的瘦身产品。

【答案】D

【解析】讲者说自己每年都对各类减肥产品感到不知所措，D 项 the great variety of 是音频中的 a wide range of

different... 的同义替换。

【错选排除】A 项，音频提到了 slim models，但没有提到 envy；B、C 项音频未提及。

20. What does the speaker think of girls wrapping their legs up with slimming tape?A) They appear vigorous. B) They appear strange. C) They look charming. D) They look unhealthy.

20. 讲话人对女孩们用减肥胶带包裹她们的双腿有

什么看法？

A) 她们显得充满活力。

B) 她们显得很古怪。

C) 她们看起来很有魅力。

D) 她们看起来并不健康。

【答案】B

【解析】音频中提到，当讲者看到这些女孩为了减肥，用胶带包裹双腿的时候，只会想到烤火腿，也就是说在

讲者看来，这些女孩的样子很奇怪，对应 B 项。


101


21. What does the speaker think affects people’s interpretation of beauty?A) Culture and upbringing. B) Wealth and social status.C) Peer pressure. D) Media influence.

21. 讲话人认为什么会影响人们对美的理解？

A) 文化与家教。

B) 财富与社会地位。

C) 同龄人压力。

D) 媒体影响。

【答案】A

【解析】音频中提到东西方对于美的不同认知是因为文化背景和家教，A 项中 upbringing 是音频中的 how they

were raised in their childhood 的总结概括。



• tanned /tænd/ adj. 皮肤晒成褐色的；晒黑的

• complexion /kəmˈplekʃn/ n. 肤色，面色，特征

• aspire /əˈspaɪə(r)/ v. 渴望（成就）

• incorporate /ɪnˈkɔːpəreɪt/ v. 包括

• outfit /ˈaʊtfɪt/ n. 全套服装，装束

• top up 添置

• obsess sb. with 沉迷于……

同义表达

音频题目

• a wide range of • the great variety of• how they were raised in their childhood • upbringing

Recording Three


Skin may seem like a superficial human attribute, but it is the first thing we notice about anyone we meet. As a zoologist focusing on the studies of apes and monkeys, [22] I’ve been studying why humans evolved to become the naked ape, and why skin comes in so many different shades around the world.

We can make a very good estimate from the fossil record that humans probably evolved naked skin around a million and a half years ago. And meanwhile, they mostly lost their coat of fur. Today, we have a few patches of hair remaining on various parts of our bodies. But compared with apes and monkeys, we have very little. Basically, we turned our skin darker to serve as a natural sun protector in the place of the hair we lost. [23] We think we lost this hair because of the need to keep ourselves cool when we were moving around vigorously in a hot environment. We can’t really lose heat by breathing quickly and loudly like dogs. We have to do it by sweating. So we evolved the ability to sweat plentifully and lost most of our fur.

皮肤可能看起来是人类一种表面的属性，

但我们见到任何人所注意的第一件事就是皮肤。

[22] 作为一名专注于猿类和猴子研究的动物学

家，我一直在研究为什么人类会进化成裸猿，为

什么世界各地的皮肤会呈现这么多不同的颜色。

我们可以从化石记录中合理估算出，人类

大约在 150 万年前进化出了裸露的皮肤。与此

同时，他们失去了大部分毛发。今天，我们身

体的一些部位还残留着几片毛发。但是与猿类

和猴子相比，我们的毛发非常少。基本上，我

们把皮肤变黑，以此作为一种天然的防晒手段，

代替失去的毛发。[23] 我们认为，为了在炎热

的环境中剧烈活动时保持凉快，我们退掉了毛

发。我们不能像狗一样通过快速大口地呼吸来

散热，我们必须通过出汗来做到这一点。所以

我们进化出了大量出汗的能力，并且失去了大

部分的皮毛。

102

六级听力真题

[24] Most animals protect themselves from the sun with fur. What we did in our ancestry was to produce more permanent natural coloring in our skin cells. This was really an important revolution in human history, because it allowed us to continue to evolve in equatorial environments. It really made it possible for us to continue along the path toward modern humans in Africa.

For most of the human history, we all had dark skin. What we see today is the product of evolutionary events, resulting from the dispersal of a few human populations out of Africa around 60,000 to 70,000 years ago. Our species originated around 200,000 years ago, and underwent tremendous diversification—culturally, technologically, linguistically, artistically—for 130,000 years. After that, a few small populations left Africa to populate the rest of the world. These early ancestors of modern Eurasians disperse into parts of the world that had more seasonal sunshine and much lower levels of sun radiation. [25] It’s in these populations that we begin to see real changes in the genetic make-up of natural coloring.

Today, skin color is evolving via new mixtures of people coming together and having children with new mixtures of skin color genes. We can see this in almost every large city worldwide. Not only the coloring genes, but lots of other genes are getting mixed up, too.

[24] 大多数动物用毛皮保护自己免受太阳

照射。我们祖先所做的是让我们的皮肤细胞中

产生更永久的天然色素。这确实是人类历史上

一次重要的进化，因为它使我们能够在赤道附

近的地区继续进化。这使得人类可以在非洲地

区继续进化成现代人类。

在人类历史上的大部分时间里，我们都是

黑皮肤。我们今天看到的不同肤色都是进化后

的产物，这是大约 6 万到 7 万年前人类从非洲

分散出来的结果。我们的物种起源于 20 万年

前，经历了 13 万年的文化、技术、语言和艺术

上的明显分化。在那之后，一小部分人离开非

洲，移居到世界其他地方。这些现代亚欧人的

早期祖先分散到季节性日照更多、太阳辐射更

低的地区。[25] 正是在这些种群中，我们开始

看到天然色素基因构成的真正变化。

如今，肤色由于新的人群混合进化而来，

他们的孩子也有了新的混合肤色基因。我们几

乎可以在世界各地的大城市看到这种情况。不

仅是染色基因，还有许多其他基因也混合在了

一起。

答案详解

22. What does the speaker mainly talk about?

A) The relation between hair and skin.

B) The growing interest in skin studies.

C) The color of human skin.

D) The need of skin protection.

22. 讲话人主要谈论了什么？

A) 毛发和皮肤的关系。

B) 对皮肤研究日益增长的兴趣。

C) 人类皮肤的颜色。

D) 保护皮肤的需求。

【答案】C

【听前预测】四个选项均为名词短语，且都包含 skin，推测本题与皮肤有关。

【解析】音频开头提到，讲者一直在研究世界上不同肤色背后的形成原因，对应 C 项，选项中的 color 对应音

频中的 shades。

【错选排除】A、D 项，音频提到了 hair 和 need，但这不是讲话人主要谈论的内容；B 项音频未提及。

103


23. What had probably caused humans to lose most of

their hair one and a half million years ago?

A) The necessity to save energy.

B) Adaptation to the hot environment.

C) The need to breathe with ease.

D) Dramatic climate changes on earth.

23. 人类在 150 万年前失去了大部分毛发的原因可

能是什么？

A) 保存能量的必要条件。

B) 对炎热环境的适应。

C) 顺畅呼吸的需求。

D) 地球上剧烈的气候变化。

【答案】B

【解析】音频提到，为了在炎热的环境中剧烈活动时能够保持凉爽，早期的人类脱掉了大部分毛发，表明人类

失去大量的毛发，原因是人们需要适应炎热的环境，故 B 项正确。


24. What does the speaker say protected early humans

from the sun?

A) Leaves and grass.

B) Man-made shelter.

C) Their skin coloring.

D) Hair on their skin.

24. 讲话人认为保护早期人类免受太阳照射的是什

么？

A) 树叶与草。

B) 人工搭建的住处。

C) 他们的皮肤颜色。

D) 皮肤上的毛发。

【答案】C

【听前预测】四个选项均为名词性短语，推测本题可能就细节信息进行提问。

【解析】音频中间部分提到，为了避免日晒，我们的祖先在皮肤中产生了更多的永久性色素，即我们的皮肤颜

色会变深，加深的肤色是对日晒的天然防护。C 项中的 skin coloring 与音频中 natural coloring in our skin cells 对

应。

【错选排除】A、B 项音频未提及；D 项，根据音频前文的信息，人类的多数毛发已经退掉了。

25. What happened after humans migrated from Africa

to other parts of the world?

A) Their genetic make-up began to change.

B) Their communities began to grow steadily.

C) Their children began to mix with each other.

D) Their pace of evolution began to quicken.

25. 人类从非洲迁移到世界其他地方后发生了什

么？

A) 他们的基因组成开始变化。

B) 他们的群体规模稳步增长。

C) 他们的后代开始互相混合。

D) 他们的进化速度开始加快。

【答案】A

【听前预测】四个选项均以 their 开头，且都包含了 began to，推测可能询问某种变化趋势。

【解析】音频末尾提到，人类逐渐迁移到世界各地以后，肤色基因构成开始发生真正变化，对应 A 项。选项中

genetic make-up began to change 对应音频中 real changes in the genetic make-up。

【错选排除】B、D 项音频未提及；C 项，音频后文提到如今人类的肤色随着不同种族混居、通婚而发生变化，

但没有提及人类后代。

重点词汇

• ape /eɪp/ n. 猿

• disperse /dɪˈspɜːs/ v.（使）分散，散开

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六级听力真题

同义表达

音频题目

• top • excellent

• shades • color

• to keep ourselves cool... in a hot environment • adaptation to the hot environment

105




1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

A B A C D B C B

Section B9 10 11 12 13 14 15

B A B C B C A

Section C16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

D A B D A C C B D C

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六级听力真题



Section A

Conversation One


M: Excuse me, where’s your rock music section?

W: Rock music? I’m sorry. We are a jazz store. We don’t have

any rock and roll.

M: Oh, you only have jazz music? Nothing else?

W: That’s right. [1] We’re the only record store in London

dedicated exclusively to jazz. Actually, We’re more than

just a record store. We have a cafe and a library upstairs

and a ticket office down the hall where you can buy

tickets to all the major jazz concerts in the city. Also, we

have our own studio next door, where we produce albums

for up-and-coming artists. We are committed to fostering

new music talent.

M: Wow, that’s so cool! [2] I guess there’s not much of a jazz

scene anymore, not like there used to be. But here you’re

trying to promote this great music genre.

W: Yes, indeed. Nowadays most people like to listen to pop

and rock music. Hip hop music from America is also

getting more and more popular. So as a result, there are

fewer listeners of jazz, which is a great shame, because it’s

an incredibly rich genre. But that’s not to say there isn’t

any good new jazz music being made out there anymore.

Far from it. It’s just a much smaller market today.

M: So how would you define jazz?

男：请问你们的摇滚乐专区在哪里？

女：摇滚乐？不好意思，我们是一家爵士乐唱片

店。我们没有摇滚乐。

男：哦，你们只有爵士乐？没有别的吗？

女：没错。[1] 我们是伦敦唯一一家专营爵士乐

的唱片店。实际上，我们不只是一家唱片店。

我们楼上有一个咖啡馆和一个图书馆，大厅

下面有一个售票处，在那里你可以买到城市

中所有大型爵士音乐会的门票。此外，我们

在隔壁有自己的工作室，为崭露头角的艺术

家制作专辑。我们致力于培养新的音乐人才。

男：哇，太酷了！ [2] 我想现在爵士乐不如过去

那样常见了。但你正在努力推广这一美妙

的音乐类型。

女：是的，确实。现在大多数人喜欢听流行乐和

摇滚乐。美国的嘻哈音乐也越来越受欢迎。

结果，听爵士乐的人变少了，这是一件很遗

憾的事，因为爵士乐是一种非常丰富多彩的

音乐类型。但这并不是说现在已经没有新的

爵士乐曲了。绝非如此，只是现在的市场小

了很多而已。

男：那你是怎么定义爵士乐的呢？

107


W: Well, interestingly enough, [3] there’s no agreed-upon

definition of jazz. Indeed, there are many different

styles of jazz. Some have singing, but most don’t;

some are electric and some aren’t; some contain live

experimentation, but not always. While there’s no simple

definition for it, and while there are many different styles

of jazz, you simply know it when you hear it. Honestly, [4]

the only way to know what jazz is to listen to it yourself.

As a great trumpet player Louis Armstrong said, “If you

gotta ask, you’ll never know.”

女：嗯，有趣的是，[3] 人们对爵士乐的定义并

没有一致的看法。事实上，爵士乐有许多不

同的风格。有的爵士乐伴有歌唱，但大多数

爵士乐没有；有些爵士乐是电子的，有些不

是；有些爵士乐是即兴发挥，但也不总是这

样。爵士乐没有一个简单的定义，且有许多

不同的风格，但是当你听到它的时候，你就

知道是它了。老实说，[4] 要想知道爵士乐

是什么，唯一的方法就是自己去听。著名的

小号演奏家 Louis Armstrong 说过：“如果你

要去问才知道，你永远不会知道。”

答案详解

1. What do we learn about the woman’s store?

A) It focuses exclusively on jazz.

B) It sponsors major jazz concerts.

C) It has several branches in London.

D) It displays albums by new music talents.

1. 关于女士的店，我们能得知什么？

A) 它只专注爵士乐。

B) 它赞助大型爵士音乐会。

C) 它在伦敦有几家分店。

D) 它展出新近音乐人才的专辑。

【答案】A

【解析】根据定位句可知，女士介绍自己的店说，她们是伦敦唯一一家专营爵士乐的唱片店，可见它只专注爵

士乐。A 项中的 focuses exclusively on 同义替换音频中的 dedicated exclusively to，jazz 是音频的原词重现。

【错选排除】B 项中的 jazz 为原词重现，但音频未提及赞助大型爵士音乐会；C 项音频未提及；D 项中的 music

talents 为原词重现，音频中提到女士的店致力于培养新的音乐人才，为他们制作专辑，但并未提到要展示这些

专辑。

2. What does the man say about jazz music?

A) It originated with cowboys.

B) Its market has now shrunk.

C) Its listeners are mostly young people.

D) It remains as widespread as hip hop music.

2. 关于爵士乐，男士说了什么？

A) 它起源于牛仔。

B) 其市场现已缩水。

C) 它的听众大多是年轻人。

D) 它仍然像嘻哈音乐一样广为流传。

【答案】B

【听前预测】根据选项中出现的 originated、listener、as... as hip hop music 可推测，本题可能考查某一种音乐的

特点。

【解析】根据定位句可知，男士觉得现在爵士乐不如过去那样常见了，言外之意就是爵士乐现在的市场已经缩

水。后面女士说的 a much smaller market today 也印证了这一点，B 项是对此的概括。

【错选排除】A、C 项音频未提及；D 项中的 hip hop music 是音频的原词重现，但音频说的是嘻哈音乐也越来越

受欢迎，并没有将爵士乐和嘻哈音乐的流传度作比较。

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六级听力真题

3. What does the woman say about jazz?

A) Its definition is varied and complicated.

B) It is still going through experimentation.

C) It is frequently accompanied by singing.

D) Its style has remained largely unchanged.

3. 关于爵士乐，女士说了什么？

A) 它的定义多样且复杂。

B) 它仍在尝试中。

C) 它经常伴有歌唱。

D) 它的风格基本没变。

【答案】A

【解析】根据定位句可知，女士提到人们对爵士乐的定义并没有一致的看法，因为有各种各样的爵士乐：有的

伴有歌唱，但大多数没有；有的是电子乐，有的不是；有的即兴发挥，但也不总是这样。之后女士总结道，爵

士乐没有一个简单的定义，且有许多不同的风格，由此可见，爵士乐的定义是多种多样、非常复杂的，对应 A

项，选项中的 varied 同义替换音频中的 no agreed-upon，complicated 同义替换音频中的 no simple。

【错选排除】B 项中的 experimentation 是音频的原词重现，但音频并没有说爵士乐仍在尝试中；C 项与音频内容

相反，音频中说爵士乐大部分不伴有歌唱；D 项中的 style 是音频的原词重现，但音频中说爵士乐有许多不同的

风格，而没有对比爵士乐的过去和现在看其是否发生变化。

4. What should you do to appreciate different styles of

jazz according to the woman?

A) Learn to play them.

B) Take music lessons.

C) Listen to them yourself.

D) Consult jazz musicians.

4. 按照女士所说，要想了解不同风格的爵士乐，应

该怎么做？

A) 学习演奏爵士乐。

B) 上音乐课。

C) 亲自听一听。

D) 问问爵士乐手。

【答案】C

【听前预测】由各选项均为动词原形可推测，本题可能考查某种行为。

【解析】根据定位句可知，女士说想要知道爵士乐是什么，唯一的方法就是自己去听。C 项中的 listen to...

yourself 是音频的原词重现。


【解题难点】题干中的 appreciate 并不表示 “欣赏”，而是“理解，领会”。


• dedicated /ˈdedɪkeɪt/ v. 把……奉献给

• trumpet /ˈtrʌmpɪt/ n. 小号，喇叭

• go through 经历，遭受

• far from it 完全相反，绝非

同义表达

音频题目

• dedicated exclusively to • focuses exclusively on

• no agreed-upon • varied

• no simple • complicated

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Conversation Two


M: [5] How did it go in the bank this morning?W: Not well. My proposal was rejected.M: Really? But why? W: Bunch of reasons. [6] For starters, they said my credit

history was not good enough.M: Did they say how you could improve that? W: Yes. They said that after five more years of paying my

mortgage, then I would become a more viable candidate for a business loan. But right now, it’s too risky for them to lend me money. They fear I will default on any business loan I’m given.

M: Well, that doesn’t sound fair. Your business idea is amazing. [7] Did you show them your business plan? What did they say?

W: [7] They didn’t really articulate any position regarding the actual business plan. They simply looked at my credit history and determined it was not good enough. They said the bank has strict guidelines and requirements as to who they can lend money to. And I simply don’t meet their financial threshold.

M: What if you ask for a smaller amount? [8] Maybe you could gather capital from other sources, smaller loans from more lenders?

W: You don’t get it. It doesn’t matter the size of the loan I ask for, or the type of business I propose. That’s all inconsequential. The first thing every bank will do is study how much money I have and how much debt I have before they decide whether or not to lend me any more money. [7] If I want to continue ahead with this dream of owning my own business, I have no other choice but to build up my own finances. I need around 20% more in personal savings and 50% less debt. That’s all there is to it.

M: I see now. Well, it’s a huge pity that they rejected your request. But don’t lose hope. I still think that your idea is great and that you’ll turn it into a phenomenal success.

男： [5] 今早你在银行进展如何？

女：不怎么样，我的申请被拒绝了。

男：真的吗？可是为什么？

女：很多原因。[6] 首先，他们说我的信用记录

不够好。

男：他们有说你如何可以改善信用记录吗？

女：说了。他们说，在我还了五年的抵押贷款

之后，我才会更有可能申请到商业贷款。

但是现在，他们觉得放款给我风险太大。

他们担心我会拖欠借给我的任何商业贷款。

男：呃，这听着可不太公平。你的商业构想非

常棒。[7] 你给他们看你的企划书了吗？他

们怎么说？

女： [7] 他们没有对我实际的商业计划明确表达

任何观点。他们只是看了看我的信用记录，

然后就认定我的信用记录不够好。他们表

示，对于把钱借给什么人，银行有严格的

指导方针和要求。而我根本就达不到他们

的财务门槛。

男：如果你借一笔数额更小的贷款呢？ [8] 也许

你可以从其他渠道筹集资金，从更多的贷

款人那里获得小额贷款？

女：你没有明白。我申请的贷款数额或提出的

商业类型都不重要。这些都是无关紧要的。

每个银行要做的第一件事是先看我有多少

存款和债务，然后再决定是否再借给我钱。

[7] 如果我想继续实现自己创业的梦想，我

没有其他选择，只能改善自己的财务状况。

我需要增加约 20% 的个人储蓄，减少 50%的债务。就是这样。

男：我现在明白了。嗯，很遗憾他们拒绝了你的

申请。但不要失去希望。我仍然认为你的想

法非常好，你一定能将它转变为极大的成功。

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六级听力真题

答案详解

5. What did the woman do this morning?

A) She paid her mortgage.

B) She called on the man.

C) She made a business plan.

D) She went to the bank.

5. 女士今天早上做了什么事？

A) 她还了抵押贷款。

B) 她拜访了该男士。

C) 她制定了一份企划书。

D) 她去了银行。

【答案】D

【听前预测】由各选项动词均为过去时可推测，本题的问题可能是女士做了什么。

【解析】根据定位句可知，男士问女士，今早她在银行进展如何，由此不难推测出今天早上女士去了银行，

bank 是音频的原词重现。

【错选排除】A 项中的 mortgage 以及 C 项中的 business plan 都是音频的原词重现，但通过音频内容可知，该女

士的贷款并未还清，商业计划也不是今天早上做好的；音频是男女对话，但体现不出女士拜访了男士，B 项过

度推断。

6. Why was the woman’s proposal rejected?

A) Her previous debt hadn’t been cleared yet.

B) Her credit history was considered poor.

C) She had apparently asked for too much.

D) She didn’t pay her mortgage in time.

6. 为什么女士的申请被拒绝了？

A) 以前的债务还没有还清。

B) 她的信用记录被认为很差。

C) 她的需求显然太多了。

D) 她没有及时偿还抵押贷款。

【答案】B

【解析】根据定位句可知，男士问女士为什么申请会被拒绝，女士说是因为她的信用记录不好，B 项中的 credit

history 是音频的原词复现，was considered poor 同义替换音频中的 was not good enough。

【错选排除】音频中提到了女士要先偿还抵押贷款，但这是她改善信用记录的方式，而不是她申请被拒的原因，

而且音频中也没有提到她申请的贷款太多了以及她之前没有按时还贷，A、C、D 项与音频均不相符。

7. What is the woman planning to do?

A) Pay a debt long overdue.

B) Buy a piece of property.

C) Start her own business.

D) Check her credit history.

7. 女士计划做什么？

A) 支付拖欠已久的债务。

B) 买一处房产。

C) 自己创业。

D) 检查她的信用记录。

【答案】C

【听前预测】四个选项均以动词开头，且出现 her，推测本题考查女士的某种行为。

【解析】根据定位句可知，男士问女士有没有给银行看企划书，女士回答说银行对她的企划书没有发表任何看

法。一个人向银行递交企划书，并且向银行申请贷款，说明这个人想自己创业。音频末尾女士提到“If I want

to continue ahead with this dream of owning my own business...”，也印证了她的梦想是自己创业，由此推知 C 项

正确，own business 是音频的原词重现。

【错选排除】A 项中的 debt 和 D 项中的 credit history 是音频的原词重现，但不是女士计划做的事情；B 项音频

未提及。

111



A) Seek advice from an expert about fundraising.

B) Ask for smaller loans from different lenders.

C) Build up her own finances step by step.

D) Revise her business proposal carefully.

8. 男士建议女士做什么？

A) 向专家寻求关于筹款的建议。

B) 向不同的放款人申请小额贷款。

C) 逐步改善她的财务状况。

D) 精心修改她的商业计划书。

【答案】B

【听前预测】由选项中出现的 seek advice... about fundraising、ask for smaller loans、build up... finances、revise...

business proposal，再结合本对话前几题的各选项可推测，本题可能考查某人为筹集资金所采用的方法。

【解析】根据定位句可知，男士说也许女士可以从其他渠道筹集资金，从更多的放款人那里借得小额贷款。B

项中的 ask for 对应音频中的 gather，smaller loans from... lenders 是音频的原词复现。

【错选排除】A、D 项音频未提及；C 项中的 build up...own finances 是音频的原词重现，这是女士想要获得贷款

应该做的事情，而非男士的建议。


• viable /ˈvaɪəbl/ adj. 可实施的，切实可行的

• default /dɪˈfɔːlt/ n. 违约，拖欠

• articulate /ɑːˈtɪkjuleɪt/ v. 明确表达，清楚说明

• threshold /ˈθreʃhəʊld/ n. 门槛；界，起始点

• for starters 首先，作为开头

同义表达

音频题目

• be not good enough • be considered poor

Section B

Passage One


[9] There’s a lot about Leo Sanchez and his farm in Salinas, California that seems unusual. The national average farm size is around 440 acres, but his is only one acre. The average age of farmers hovers around 58 years old, but he is just 26. And Sanchez constantly attempts to improve everything from seeding techniques out in the field to the promotion and sale of his produce online. This is evidence of an experimental approach. It’s an approach not dictated by the confines of conventional, large-scale agriculture led by international corporations.

[9] 关于 Leo Sanchez 和他在加州萨利纳

斯那座不寻常的农场有很多故事。全国平均

农场面积约 440 英亩，但他的只有一英亩。

农民的平均年龄在 58 岁左右，而他只有 26岁。Sanchez 不断尝试改进每一件事，从田

间播种技术到在线推广和销售他的农产品。

这是实验性尝试的证明。这种尝试不受国际

公司主导的传统大规模农业的限制。

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六级听力真题

While farming is often difficult for both the body and mind, [10] Sanchez says he and many of his fellow young farmers are motivated by desire to set a new standard for agriculture. Many of them are employing a multitude of technologies, some new and some not so new.

[11] Recently, Sanchez bought a hand-operated tool which pulls out weeds and loosens soil. It actually dates back to at least 1701. It stands in sharp contrast to Sanchez’s other gadget: a gas-powered flame weed killer invented in 1997.

He simply doesn’t discriminate when it comes to the newness of tools. If it works, it works.

Farmers have a long history of invention, and it’s no different today. Young farmers are guided by their love for agriculture and aided by their knowledge of technology. To find inexpensive and appropriately-sized tools, they collaborate and innovate. Sometimes the old stuff just works better or more efficiently.

虽然耕作往往对身体和精神造成困难，

[10] 但 Sanchez 说，他和他许多年轻农民伙

伴的动机是为农业设立一个新的标准。他们

中的许多人正在使用多种技术，有些是新技

术，有些不是很新。

[11] 最近，Sanchez 买了一个手动除草和

松土的工具。它实际上至少可以追溯到 1701年。这与 Sanchez 在 1997 年发明的其他器

具——燃气火焰除草剂——形成了鲜明的对比。

他对工具的新旧一点也不挑剔。如果它

起作用，那它就是有用的。

农民有着悠久的发明历史，如今也不例

外。年轻的农民以他们对农业的热爱为向导，

以他们的技术知识为辅助。为了找到一种便

宜且大小合适的工具，他们进行协作和创新。

有时，旧的东西用起来更好或更有效。

答案详解

9. What do we learn about Leo Sanchez’s farm?

A) It is fertile and productive.

B) It is small and unconventional.

C) It is well located and completely automated.

D) It is profitable and environmentally friendly.

9. 关于 Leo Sanchez 的农场，我们能得知什么？

A) 它肥沃而多产。

B) 它规模小，不是传统的农场。

C) 它所处的地段好，并且是全自动化的。

D) 它能盈利并且环保。

【答案】B

【解析】根据定位句可知，Leo Sanchez 的农场不同寻常，全国平均农场面积约 440 英亩，但他的只有一英亩，

由此可知 Leo Sanchez 的农场规模小，且不同于传统的农场。B 项中的 small 同义替换音频中的 only one acre，

unconventional 同义替换音频中的 unusual。


10. What has motivated Leo Sanchez and his fellow

young farmers to engage in farming?

A) Their wish to set a new farming standard.

B) Their urge to make farming more enjoyable.

C) Their desire to improve farming equipment.

D) Their hope to revitalize traditional farming.

10. 是什么激励着 Leo Sanchez 和他的年轻农民伙伴

们从事农业？

A) 他们希望建立一个新的农业标准。

B) 他们渴望让农业变得更有趣。

C) 他们想要改善农业设备。

D) 他们希望振兴传统农业。

【答案】A

【解析】根据定位句可知，Sanchez 说，他和他许多年轻农民伙伴的动机是为农业设立一个新的标准。A 项中

的 wish to 同义替换了音频中的 desire to，set a new...standard 是音频的原词复现，farming 同义替换了音频中的

agriculture。


113


11. Why did Leo Sanchez buy a hand-operated weeding tool?

A) It causes hardly any pollution.

B) It loosens soil while weeding.

C) It saves a lot of electricity.

D) It needs little maintenance.

11. 为什么 Leo Sanchez 会买一个手动除草工具呢？

A) 它几乎不会造成任何污染。

B) 它在除草时使土壤疏松。

C) 它很省电。

D) 它几乎不需要保养。

【答案】B

【解析】根据定位句可知，Sanchez 买了一个手动除草和松土的工具，即这个手动工具既能除草，同时又能松土。

B 项中的 loosens soil 是音频的原词复现，weeding 同义替换了音频中的 pulls out weeds。



• multitude /ˈmʌltɪtjuːd/ n. 众多，大量

• appropriately /əˈprəʊpriətli/ adv. 适当地，合适地

• hover around 徘徊，盘旋

同义表达

音频题目

• only one acre • small

• unusual • unconventional

• desire to • wish to

• agriculture • farming

• pulls out weeds • weeding

Passage Two


[12] Eat Grub is Britain’s first new food company that breaks Western food boundaries by introducing edible insects as a new source of food. And Sainsbury’s is the first UK supermarket to stock the company’s crunchy roasted crickets. Sainsbury’s insist that such food is no joke and could be a new sustainable source of protein.

Out of curiosity, I paid a visit to Sainsbury’s. As I put my hand into a packet of crickets with their tiny eyes and legs, the idea of one going in my mouth made me feel a little sick. [13] But the first bite was a pleasant surprise, a little dry and lacking of taste, but at least a wing didn’t get stuck in my throat. The roasted seasoning largely overpowered any other flavor, although there was slightly bitter aftertaste. The texture was crunchy, but smelt a little of cat food.

[12] Eat Grub 是英国第一家打破西方食品

壁垒的新型食品公司，它第一次将食用昆虫作

为新的食物来源。森宝利是英国第一家销售该

公司的脆烤蟋蟀的超市。森宝利坚持认为，这

种食物不是开玩笑，可以成为一种新的可持续

的蛋白质来源。

出于好奇，我访问了森宝利。当我把手放

进一包有着小眼睛和短腿的蟋蟀时，一想到有

一只蟋蟀会进入到我的嘴里，我就觉得有点恶

心。[13] 但是第一口吃起来令人又惊又喜，它

有点干，没有味道，但至少翅膀没有卡在我的

喉咙里。烤过的调味料在很大程度上掩盖了其

他味道，虽然尝起来有点苦。这种食物口感酥

脆，但闻起来有点像猫粮。

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六级听力真题

Eat Grub also recommends the crickets as a topping for

noodles, soups and salads. [14] The company boasts that its

dried crickets contain more protein than beef, chicken and pork,

as well as minerals like iron and calcium.

[15] Unlike the production of meat, bugs do not use up

large amounts of land, water or feed, and insect farming also

produces far fewer greenhouse gases. However, despite 2

billion people worldwide already supplementing their diet with

insects, “consumer disgust” remains a large barrier in many

Western countries. I’m not sure bugs will become a popular

snack anytime soon, but they’re definitely food for thought.

Eat Grub 还推荐蟋蟀作为面条、汤和沙拉

的配料。[14] 该公司声称，他们的蟋蟀干比牛

肉、鸡肉和猪肉含有更多的蛋白质，以及铁和

钙等矿物质。

[15] 与肉类生产不同，昆虫不会消耗大量

的土地、水或饲料，而且昆虫养殖产生的温室

气体也少得多。然而，尽管全世界已经有 20

亿人用昆虫来补充他们的饮食，在许多西方国

家，消费者对它的厌恶仍然是一个巨大的障碍。

我不确定虫子会很快成为一种受欢迎的零食，

但它们绝对是值得思考的食物。

答案详解

12. What do we learn from the passage about the food

company Eat Grub?

A) It has started to expand business outside the UK.

B) It has imported some exotic foods from overseas.

C) It has turned certain insects into a new food source.

D) It has joined hands with Sainsbury’s to sell pet insects.

12. 从这篇文章中我们可以了解到关于食品公司

Eat Grub 的什么信息？

A) 该公司已开始拓展英国以外的业务。

B) 它从国外进口了一些异国食品。

C) 它把某些昆虫变成了一种新的食物来源。

D) 它与森宝利联手销售宠物昆虫。

【答案】C

【听前预测】四个选项都是 It 作主语，根据 started to expand business、imported... foods、sell 等推测，It 可能指

代某个公司，本题可能考查这个公司的特点。

【解析】根据定位句可知，Eat Grub 是英国第一家打破西方食品壁垒的新型食品公司，它第一次将食用昆虫作

为新的食物来源。C 项中的 insects、a new food source 是音频的原词重现。

【错选排除】A、B 项音频未提及；D 选项中的 joined hands with Sainsbury’s 符合原文内容，但两者联合售卖的

不是宠物昆虫，而是将昆虫作为食物。

13. What does the speaker say about his first bite of

roasted crickets?

A) It was really unforgettable.

B) It was a pleasant surprise.

C) It hurt his throat slightly.

D) It made him feel strange.

13. 对于自己吃的第一口烤蟋蟀，讲者说了什么？

A) 它非常令人难忘。

B) 它让人又惊又喜。

C) 它轻微地划伤了他的喉咙。

D) 它使他觉得怪异。

【答案】B

【听前预测】四个选项都是 it 作主语，根据 unforgettable、pleasant 和 feel strange，推测本题考查对某物的态度

或感受。

【解析】根据定位句可知，烤蟋蟀第一口吃起来令人又惊又喜。B 项中的 a pleasant surprise 是音频的原词重现。

【错选排除】A、D 项音频未提及；C 项中的 throat 是音频的原词重现，但音频中说的是翅膀没有卡在喉咙里，

并不是轻微地划伤了喉咙。

115


14. What does the Eat Grub say about its dried crickets?

A) They are more tasty than beef, chicken or pork.

B) They are more nutritious than soups and salads.

C) They contain more protein than conventional meats.

D) They will soon gain popularity throughout the world.

14. Eat Grub 公司怎么评价它生产的蟋蟀干？

A) 它们比牛肉、鸡肉或猪肉更美味。

B) 它们比汤和沙拉更有营养。

C) 它们比传统的肉类含有更多的蛋白质。

D) 它们很快就会在全世界流行起来。

【答案】C

【听前预测】四个选项都是 they 作主语，选项中出现 tasty、nutritious、protein，前三个选项都包含比较级，推

测本题可能考查的是某种食物较其他食物的优点。

【解析】根据定位句可知，该公司声称，他们的蟋蟀干比牛肉、鸡肉和猪肉含有更多的蛋白质。C 项中的

contain more protein than 是音频的原词重现，conventional meats 同义替换音频中的 beef, chicken and pork。

【错选排除】A 项中的 beef, chicken or pork 是音频的原词重现，但音频并没有说蟋蟀干比它们更美味；B 项中的

soups and salads 是音频的原词重现，但音频没有将其与蟋蟀干作比较；D 项中的 popularity 可以对应音频中的

popular，但讲者表示自己不确定虫子会很快成为一种受欢迎的零食，而非它们很快就会在全世界流行起来。

15. What does the passage say about insect farming?

A) It is environmentally friendly.

B) It is a promising industry.

C) It requires new technology.

D) It saves huge amounts of labour.

15. 关于昆虫养殖，这篇文章说了什么？

A) 它很环保。

B) 它是一个很有前途的行业。

C) 它需要新技术。

D) 它节省了大量的劳动力。

【答案】A

【听前预测】四个选项都是 it 作主语，选项 B、D 中出现 industry、labour 等，推测 it 可能指某种工作或行业，

本题考查关于 it 的特点。

【解析】根据定位句可知，与肉类生产不同，昆虫不会消耗大量的土地、水、饲料，产生的温室气体也少得多，

由此可推知昆虫养殖有利于环保，对应 A 项。


重点词汇

• edible /ˈedəbl/ adj. 适宜食用的，可以吃的

• cricket /ˈkrɪkɪt/ n. 蟋蟀

• texture /ˈtekstʃə(r)/ n. 口感

• calcium /ˈkælsiəm/ n. 钙

• exotic /ɪɡˈzɒtɪk/ adj. 来自异国的，奇异的

同义表达

音频题目

• beef, chicken and pork • conventional meats

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六级听力真题

Section C

Recording One


Have you ever had someone try to explain something to you a dozen times with no luck, but then when you see a picture, the idea finally clicks? If that sounds familiar, maybe you might consider yourself a visual learner. Or, if reading or listening does the trick, maybe you feel like you’re a verbal learner. We call these labels “learning styles”. But is there really a way to categorize different types of students? Well, it actually seems that multiple presentation formats, especially if one of them is visual, help most people learn.

[16] When psychologists and educators test for learning styles, they’re trying to figure out whether these are inherent traits that affect how well students learn, instead of just a preference. Usually they start by giving a survey to figure out what style a student favors, like visual or verbal learning. Then they try to teach the students something with a specific presentation style, like using visual aids, and do a follow-up test to see how much they learned. That way, the researchers can see if the self-identified verbal learners really learned better when the information was just spoken aloud, for example.

But, according to a 2008 review, only one study that followed this design found that students actually learned best with their preferred style. [17] But the study has some big flaws. The researchers excluded two-thirds of the original participants because they didn’t seem to have any clear learning style from the survey at the beginning. And they didn’t even report the actual test scores in the final paper. So it doesn’t really seem like learning styles are an inherent trait that we all have. But that doesn’t mean that all students will do amazingly, if they just spend all their time reading from a textbook. Instead, most people seem to learn better if they’re taught in several ways, especially if one is visual. In one study, researchers tested whether students remembered lists of words better if they heard them, saw them, or both. And everyone seemed to do better if they got to see the words in print—even the self-identified auditory learners. Their preference didn’t

你是否曾有过这样的经历：有人试着向你

反复解释某一事物，却都没有成功，而之后当

你看到一张照片时，便豁然开朗了？如果这听

起来很熟悉，也许你会认为自己是一个视觉型

学习者。或者，如果读或听能让你领悟，也许

你会觉得自己是一个言语型学习者。我们把这

些叫法称为“学习方式”。但真的有办法对不

同类型的学生进行分类吗？事实上，似乎有多

种讲授方式可以帮助大多数人学习，特别是视

觉化的讲授。

[16] 当心理学家和教育工作者测试学习方

式时，他们试图弄清楚这些方式是否是影响学

生学习效果的内在特征，而不仅仅是偏好。通

常他们会先做一个调查，弄清学生喜欢什么样

的学习方式，比如视觉学习或者言语学习。然

后他们试着用一种特定的讲授形式来教学生，

比如使用视觉辅助工具，并做一个跟踪测试，

看看他们学到了多少。这样，研究人员就可以

看到，例如，当大声传授知识时，自认为言语

型学习者的受试者是否真的学得更好。

但根据 2008 年的一篇报告，只有一项遵

循这一设计的研究发现学生事实上用他们喜欢

的风格能学得最好。[17] 但这项研究存在一些

很大的缺陷。研究人员排除了三分之二的最初

参与者，因为他们在调查开始时似乎没有任何

清晰的学习风格。而且在最终的报告中，他们

甚至没有汇报真实的考试成绩。因此，学习风

格看来并不是我们所有人的固有特征。但这并

不意味着，如果所有学生都把时间都花在读课

本上，他们就会做得很好。相反，如果有多种

教学方式，尤其是如果其中有一种是视觉式的，

多数人似乎能学得更好。在一项研究中，研究

人员测试了学生如果能听到、看到或既能听到

又能看到单词列表，是否就能更好地记住它们。

如果能看到印在纸上的单词，每个人似乎就能

记得更好——甚至包括那些自认为是听觉型学

117


seem to matter. Similar studies tested whether students learned basic physics and chemistry concepts better by reading plain text or viewing pictures, too. [18] And everyone did better with the help of pictures.

习者的受试者。他们的偏好似乎无关紧要。类

似的研究还测试了学生通过阅读纯文本或观看

图片是否能更好地学习基本的物理和化学概

念。[18] 在照片的帮助下，每个人都学得更好。

答案详解

16. Why do psychologists and educators study learning styles? A) To categorize different types of learners. B) To find out what students prefer to learn. C) To understand the mechanism of the human brain. D) To see if they are inherent traits affecting learning.

16. 为什么心理学家和教育家要研究学习方式？

A) 给不同类型的学生分类。

B) 找到学生愿意学的内容。

C) 了解人类大脑的运行机制。

D) 看看它们是不是影响学习的内在特征。

【答案】D

【听前预测】四个选项均为动词不定式的形式，同时结合 categorize、find out、understand、see 推测，本题可能

与目的或者原因有关。

【解析】根据定位句可知，心理学家和教育工作者试图弄清楚这些学习方式是否是影响学生学习效果的内在特

征。D 项中的 inherent traits 是音频的原词重现，affecting learning 对应音频中的 affect how well students learn。

【错选排除】A 项中的 categorize different types of students 是音频的原词重现，但不是心理学家和教育家研究学

习方式的原因；B、C 项音频未提及。

17. What does the speaker say about one study mentioned in the 2008 review?A) It was defective. B) It was misguided. C) It was original in design. D) It was thought-provoking.

17. 关于 2008 年一篇报告中的一项研究，讲者说了

什么？

A) 它是有缺陷的。

B) 它是错误的。

C) 它的设计很新颖。

D) 它令人深思。

【答案】A

【解析】根据定位句可知，这项研究存在一些很大的缺陷。A 项中的 defective 同义替换音频中的 has some big

flaws。


18. What message does the speaker want to convey about

learning at the end of the talk?

A) Auditory aids are as important as visual aids.

B) Visual aids are helpful to all types of learners.

C) Reading plain texts is more effective than viewing pictures.

D) Scientific concepts are hard to understand without visual

aids.

18. 讲者在最后想传达有关学习的什么信息？

A) 听觉辅助工具和视觉辅助工具同等重要。

B) 视觉辅助工具对所有类型的学生都有用。

C) 阅读纯文本比看图片更有效。

D) 没有视觉辅助工具，科学概念会比较难以

理解。

【答案】B

【听前预测】选项中多次出现 auditory aids、visual aids，aid 复数表示“辅助设备”，结合本文话题，推测本题与

教学工具相关。

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六级听力真题

【解析】根据定位句可知，在照片的帮助下，每个人都学得更好，意思就是使用图片教学，即使用视觉辅助工

具，对每个人的学习都有好处。B 项中的 visual aids are helpful 对应音频中的 with the help of pictures，all types

of learners 同义替换了音频中的 everyone。

【错选排除】A、C、D 项均不符合音频内容。

重点词汇

• inherent /ɪnˈhɪərənt/ adj. 固有的，内在的 • trait /treɪt/ n. 特征，特点

同义表达

音频题目

• affect how well students learn • affecting learning

• has some big flaws • be defective

• everyone • all types of learners

Recording Two


Free-market capitalism hasn’t freed us—it has trapped us.

It’s imperative for us to embrace a workplace revolution. We are

unlikely to spend our last moments regretting that we didn’t spend

enough of our lives slaving away at work. [19] We may instead

find ourselves feeling guilty about the time we didn’t spend

watching our children grow, or with our loved ones, or traveling,

or on the cultural or leisure pursuits that bring us happiness.

Unfortunately, the average full-time employee in the world works

42 hours a week, well over a third of time we are awake. Some of

our all too precious time is being stolen: office workers do around

two billion hours of unpaid overtime each year. So it’s extremely

welcome that some government coalitions have started looking

into potentially cutting the working week to four days.

The champions of free market capitalism promised their way

of life would bring us freedom. But it wasn’t freedom at all: from

the lack of secure, affordable housing to growing job insecurity

and rising personal debt, the individual is trapped. [20] Nine

decades ago, leading economists predicted that technological

advances and rising productivity would mean that we’d be

working a 15-hour week by now: that target has been somewhat

missed.

自由市场资本主义并没有解放我们，而

是困住了我们。我们必须拥抱一次职场革命。

我们不太可能在最后一刻才后悔自己没有花

足够的时间辛勤工作。[19] 相反，我们可能

会因为没有花时间看着自己的孩子成长，没

有陪伴我们爱的人，没有去旅行，也没有进

行带给我们幸福的文化艺术或休闲活动而感

到内疚。不幸的是，全世界的全职员工平均

每周工作 42 个小时，远远超过我们清醒时间

的三分之一。我们极其宝贵的一部分时间被

偷走了：上班族每年无偿加班大约20亿小时。

因此，一些联合政府已经开始考虑将工作时

间减少到每周 4 天，这个消息大受欢迎。

自由市场资本主义的拥护者承诺他们的

生活方式会给我们带来自由。但这根本不是

自由：从缺乏保障性、经济型适用房，到日

益增长的工作不安全感和不断增加的个人债

务，人们陷入了困境。[20] 90 年前，著名经

济学家预测，技术进步和生产率的提高将意

味着现在我们每周工作 15 个小时：这一目标

已经有些偏离了。

119


Here is the most malignant threat to our personal freedom,

particularly as the balance of power in the workplace has been

shifted so dramatically from worker to boss. A huge portion of

our lives involves the surrender of our freedom and personal

autonomy. [21] It’s time in which we are directed by the

needs and desires of others, and denied the right to make our

own choices. That’s bad for us: it’s hardly surprising that over

half a million workers suffer from work-related mental health

conditions each year, or that 15.4 million working days were lost

to work-related stress last year, a jump of nearly a quarter.

Yes, there are those who, far from being overworked,

actually seek more hours. But a shorter working week would

enable us to redistribute hours from the overworked to the

underworked. We need to look at the ways of cutting the working

week without slashing living standards: after all, world workers

have already suffered the worst deduction in wages since the

early 1800s. And cutting the working week would be conducive

to the individual, giving millions of workers more time to spend

as they see fit.

这是对我们个人自由的最严重的威胁，

尤其是在职场中的权力平衡已经从雇员戏剧

性地转移到老板身上时。生活中有很多时候，

我们要放弃自由和自主。[21] 如今我们依照

他人的需要和欲望行事，被剥夺了自己做出

选择的权利。这对我们不利：每年有超过 50

万工人患有与工作有关的精神健康问题，或

者说去年有 1540 万个工作日都处在与工作有

关的压力之中，这一数字猛增了近四分之一，

这几乎不足为奇。

是的，有些人非但没有过度工作，实际

上反而寻求更多的工作时间。但是一个较短

的工作周可以使我们将工作时间从超负荷人

员分配到低负荷人员那里。我们需要思考在

不降低生活水平的情况下削减周工作时间的

方法：毕竟，全世界的雇员已经遭受了自 19

世纪初以来最严重的工资扣除。削减周工作

时间将有利于个人，让数百万工人有更多的

时间去做他们认为合适的事情。

答案详解

19. What do people often feel guilty about according to

the speaker?

A) Not playing a role in a workplace revolution.

B) Not benefiting from free-market capitalism.

C) Not earning enough money to provide for the family.

D) Not spending enough time on family life and leisure.

19. 根据讲者所说，人们常常对什么感到内疚？

A) 在职场革命中没有发挥作用。

B) 没有从自由市场资本主义中获益。

C) 没有挣足够的钱来养活家庭。

D) 没有花足够的时间在家庭生活和休闲活动上。

【答案】D

【解析】根据定位句可知，我们可能会因为没有花时间看着自己的孩子成长，没有陪伴我们爱的人，也没有

进行带给我们幸福的休闲活动而感到内疚。D 项中的 family life 与 watching our children grow or with our loved

ones 为上下义词的关系，是对该内容的总结，leisure 是音频的原词重现。

【错选排除】A 选中的 workplace revolution 和 B 项中的 free-market capitalism 是音频的原词重现，但表达的内容

与音频中不符；C 项音频未提及。

20. What did leading economist predict 90 years ago?

A) People would be working only fifteen hours a week now.

B) The balance of power in the workplace would change.

C) Technological advances would create many new jobs.

D) Most workers could afford to have house of their own.

20. 90 年前，著名经济学家预测了什么？

A) 现在人们每周只工作 15 个小时。

B) 职场的权力平衡将会改变。

C) 技术进步将创造很多新工作。

D) 很多工人能买得起属于自己的房子。

【答案】A

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六级听力真题

【解析】根据定位句可知，90 年前，著名经济学家预测，技术进步和生产率的提高将意味着现在我们每周工作

15 个小时。A 项 working fifteen hours week now 是音频的原词重现。

【错选排除】B 项中的 the balance of power in the workplace 是音频中的原词重现，音频中说职场中的权力平衡已

经从雇员转移到老板身上，但这是对现实的阐述而非经济学家的预测；C 项中的 technological advances 在定位

句中有提到，但音频中没有将其与新工作联系起来；D 项音频未提及。

21. What is the result of denying workers’ right to make

their own choices?

A) Loss of workers’ personal dignity.

B) Deprivation of workers’ creativity.

C) Deterioration of workers’ mental health.

D) Unequal distribution of working hours.

21. 剥夺雇员自主选择权的结果是什么？

A) 丧失雇员的个人尊严。

B) 剥夺雇员的创造力。

C) 雇员心理健康的恶化。

D) 工作时间的不平等分配。

【答案】C

【听前预测】四个选项均为不利因素，且形式上都为名词短语的偏正结构，推测本题与某负面现象的原因或者

结果有关。

【解析】根据定位句可知，如今，我们被剥夺了做出自己选择的权利，这对我们不利，导致每年有超过 50 万工

人患有与工作有关的精神健康问题。C 项中的 deterioration 对应音频中的 suffer from，workers’ mental health 都

是音频中出现的原词。


重点词汇

• imperative /ɪmˈperətɪv/ adj. 重要紧急的，迫切的

• coalition /ˌkəʊəˈlɪʃn/ n. 联合

• malignant /məˈlɪɡnənt/ adj. 恶性的

• autonomy /ɔːˈtɒnəmi/ n. 自主，自主权

• slash /slæʃ/ v. 大幅度削减，大幅度降低

• deduction /dɪˈdʌkʃn/ n. 扣除（额）

• conducive /kənˈdjuːsɪv/ adj. （对某事）有助益的

同义表达

音频题目

• watching our children grow or with our loved ones • family life

Recording Three


Today I’m going to talk about Germany’s dream airport in

Berlin. The airport looks exactly like every other major modern

airport in Europe, except for one big problem: more than seven

years after it was originally supposed to open, it still stands empty.

今天我要谈谈德国柏林的梦幻机场。

除了一个大问题外，这座机场和欧洲其他

主要的现代化机场一模一样：原本应该开放

7 年多了，但它现在仍然空置着。

121


Germany is known for its efficiency and refined engineering,

but when it comes to its new ghost airport, this reputation could not

be further from the truth. [22] Plagued by long delays, perpetual

mismanagement and ever-soaring costs, the airport has become

something of a joke among Germans, and a source of frustration

for local politicians, business leaders and residents alike.

[23] Planning for the new airport began in 1989. At the time,

it became clear that the newly-reunified Berlin would need a

modern airport with far greater capacity than its existing airports.

The city broke ground on the new airport in 2006.

The first major sign of problems came in summer 2010, when

the construction corporation pushed the opening from October

2011 to June 2012. In 2012, the city planned an opening ceremony.

But less than a month beforehand, inspectors found significant

problems with the fire safety system, and pushed the opening back

again to 2013. [24] It wasn’t just the smoke system. Many other

major problems subsequently emerged: more than 90 metres of

cable were incorrectly installed; four thousand doors were wrongly

numbered; escalators were too short and there was a shortage of

check-in desks.

So why with so many problems discovered, didn’t the airport

corporation decide to give up on the project and start over? The

reason is simple. People are often hesitant to terminate a project

when they’ve already invested time or resources into it, even

if it might make logical sense to do so. The longer the delays

continued, the more problems inspectors found. Leadership of

the planning corporation has changed hands nearly as many times

as the opening date has been pushed back. Initially, rather than

appointing a general contractor to run the project, the corporation

decided to manage it themselves, despite lack of the experience

with an undertaking of that scale. [25] To compound the delays, the

unused airport is resulting in massive costs. Every month it remains

unopened costs between 9 and 10 million euros.

Assuming all goes well, the airport should open in October

2020, [25] but the still empty airport stands as the biggest

embarrassment to Germany’s reputation for efficiency and a

continuing drain on city and state resources.

德国以其高效和精益求精的工程闻名，

但谈到其新幽灵机场时，这一声誉就名不

副实了。[22] 由于无限拖延、长期的管理不

善和不断飙升的成本，这座机场沦为了德

国人的笑柄，也令当地政界人士、企业领

袖和居民倍感失望。

[23] 新机场的规划始于 1989 年。当时，

新统一的柏林需要一个比现有机场大得多

的现代化机场，这一点大家都很清楚。这

座城市在 2006 年破土动工兴建新机场。

问题第一次出现重大征兆是在 2010

年夏季，当时建筑公司将投入使用时间从

2011 年 10 月推迟至 2012 年 6 月。2012 年，

该市规划了开幕式，但距开幕式不到一个

月前，检查人员发现消防安全系统存在重

大问题，于是将开幕式再次推迟到 2013 年。

[24] 不仅仅是防火系统有问题，许多其他重

大问题也接踵而来：超过 90 米的电缆安装

错误；四千扇门编号出错；自动扶梯过短，

以及办理登机手续的柜台数量不够等等。

那么，机场公司在发现这么多问题后，

为什么没有决定放弃这个项目，重新开始

呢？原因很简单。当一个项目已经投入了

时间或资源时，人们往往会犹豫是否要终

止它，即使这样做合乎逻辑。拖延的时间

越长，检查人员发现的问题也就越多。规

划公司的领导层已经发生了数次更迭，几

乎和推迟启用的次数一样多。起初，公司

没有指定总承包商来管理这个项目，而是

决定自己来管理，尽管缺乏在这个规模上

的经验。[25] 除了延误以外，闲置的机场也

造成了巨大的成本损失。每月维护费用在

900 万到 1000 万欧元之间。

如果一切顺利，机场将于 2020 年 10

月启用。[25] 但仍旧空空荡荡的机场将为德

国的高效率这一美誉蒙上最大的耻辱，它

也是对城市和国家资源的持续消耗。

122

六级听力真题

答案详解

22. What does the speaker say about the dream airport in Berlin?

A) It is the worst managed airport in German history.

B) It is now the biggest and busiest airport in Europe.

C) It has become something of a joke among Germans.D) It has become a typical symbol of German efficiency.

22. 关于柏林的梦幻机场，讲者说了什么？

A) 它是德国历史上管理最糟糕的机场。

B) 它是欧洲最大最繁忙的机场。

C) 它成为了德国人的笑柄。

D) 它成为了德国效率的典型象征。

【答案】C

【听前预测】选项 A、B 中都提到 it is... airport，可推知 it 指机场，本题考查关于机场的相关信息。

【解析】根据定位句可知，由于一延再延、长期的管理不善和不断飙升的成本，这座机场沦为了德国人的笑柄。

C 项中的 become something of a joke among Germans 是音频的原词重现。

【错选排除】由音频可知，该机场还未投入使用，开放时间也一延再延，出现了很多问题，A、B、D 项均与音

频内容不相符。

23. Why was there a need for a new airport in Berlin?

A) The city’s airports are outdated.

B) The city had just been reunified.C) The city wanted to boost its economy.

D) The city wanted to attract more tourists.

23. 为什么需要在柏林建造一个新机场？

A) 该城市的机场过时了。

B) 该城市刚刚统一。

C) 该城市想要发展经济。

D) 该城市想要吸引更多的游客。

【答案】B

【解析】根据定位句可知，新机场的规划始于 1989 年。当时，新统一的柏林需要一个比现有机场大得多的现代

化机场。注意音频中隐含的逻辑关系：因为柏林刚刚统一，所以需要新的机场。B 项中的 reunified 是音频的原

词重现。


【解题难点】难点在于音频中没有明显表示因果关系的逻辑词，此处属于隐含逻辑关系。

24. Why did Berlin postpone the opening of its dream

airport again and again?

A) The municipal government kept changing hands.

B) The construction firm breached the contract.

C) Shortage of funding delayed its construction.

D) Problems of different kinds kept popping up.

24. 为什么柏林一再推迟其梦幻机场的开放？

A) 市政府频繁在换届。

B) 建筑公司违反了合同。

C) 资金短缺使其延期建成。

D) 各类问题不断涌现。

【答案】D

【解析】根据定位句可知，机场原定 2011 年 10 月投入使用，但先是防火系统出了问题，后来许多其他重大问

题也接踵而来。D 项中的 problems of different kinds 同义替换了音频中的 many other major problems，popping

up 同义替换了音频中 emerged。

【错选排除】A 项中的 changing hands 是音频中的原词重现，音频中说规划公司的领导层已经发生了数次更迭，

与 A 项中的主语不同，而且这与机场推迟开放无关；B、C 项音频均未提及。

123


25. What happens while the airport remains unused?

A) Tourism industry in Berlin suffers.

B) All kinds of equipment get rusted.

C) Huge maintenance costs accumulate.D) Complaints by local residents increase.

25. 机场闲置时，会发生什么？

A) 柏林的旅游业遭受重创。

B) 所有的设备都生锈了。

C) 巨大的维护成本不断累积。

D) 当地居民的抱怨越来越多。

【答案】C

【解析】根据定位句可知，除了延误以外，闲置的机场也造成了巨大的成本损失，由此产生了每月高额的维护

费用。C 项是对上述内容的概括，costs 是音频的原词重现。


重点词汇

• perpetual /pəˈpetʃuəl/ adj. 持久的，不间断的

• escalator /ˈeskəleɪtə(r)/ n. 自动扶梯，滚梯

• terminate /ˈtɜːmɪneɪt/ v. 停止

• breach /briːtʃ/ v. 违反，违背

• rust /rʌst/ v. 生锈

同义表达

音频题目

• many other major problems • problems of different kinds

• emerged • popping up

124

六级听力真题



1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

B A C B D D C A

Section B9 10 11 12 13 14 15

C D B B D A A

Section C16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

C D C D D A C D B B

125




Section A

Conversation One


W: This is unbelievable. [1] Unlike any video game I’ve ever

played before, it’s so boring yet so relaxing at the same

time. How did you hear about this driving simulator?

M: My brother introduced it to me last year. [2] I was

surprised to find how educational and realistic it was. It’s

called Euro Truck Simulator, but they have other versions

as well for America and so on. I was really drawn to the

scenery the routes go through parts of the country you

don’t normally see as a tourist.

W: Yeah, I can see that. It seems so simple—just transporting

cargo from point A to point B, driving from one city to

another. [3] But I really appreciate all the details that go

into the game. It’s even given me a new appreciation for

the logistics industry and traffic on the road.

M: I completely agree. My brother also introduced me to

some videos of someone that streams their game online.

It was fascinating to watch really. This guy drove very

carefully, obeyed all the road signs and traffic rules—

such a contrast to most violent games.

W: Honestly, playing has inspired me to look into the

industry more. I’ve read articles about how self-driving

trucks may soon be available and could greatly impact

cargo logistics. Considering all that goes into driving

these larger vehicles, it’s amazing that we could soon

have that kind of technology.

女：真是不可思议。[1] 这和我以前玩过的任何一

款电子游戏都不一样，虽然无聊但同时又如此

令人放松。你是如何听说这个驾驶模拟器的？

男：我哥去年向我介绍的。[2] 我惊讶地发现它是

多么有教育性和现实性。它叫“欧洲卡车模

拟器”，但也有其他版本，比如美国版。我真

的被沿途的风景吸引住了。如果你只是去旅

游，通常情况下是欣赏不到这些的。

女：是的，我能理解。它看起来很简单——只是

把货物从 A 点运到 B 点，从一个城市开到另

一个城市。[3] 但我真的很欣赏游戏中的所有

细节。它甚至让我对物流行业和道路交通有

了新的认识。

男：我完全同意。我哥还向我介绍了一些游戏玩

家的直播录屏，我看得非常入迷。这个人开

车非常小心，遵守所有的路标和交通规则——

这和大多数暴力游戏形成了鲜明的对比。

女：说实话，玩游戏激发了我对这个行业的更多

关注。我读过一些文章，说自动驾驶卡车可

能很快就会出现，并且可能会对货物物流产

生巨大影响。考虑到驾驶这些大型车辆所需

要的一切，我们很快就能拥有这样的技术，

真是令人惊讶。

126

六级听力真题

M: Ha, I’ve got one step further. I registered to take a safe

driving course to improve my real-life driving skills. In

a way, I feel like I have a head start compared to other

students in the class. Playing this video game has given

me some maneuvering practices already.

W: I’m not sure how accurate the video game is compared

to real-life situations, [4] but if it results in more drivers

looking both ways before entering an intersection, I’d

say that’s a positive outcome.

男：是啊，不仅如此，我还报名了一门安全驾驶

课，用来提高我的实际驾驶技术。从某种程

度上来说，我觉得我比班上的其他同学有优

势。玩这个游戏已经让我有了一些实操练习。

女：我不确定这个游戏与现实情况相比有多准确。

[4] 但如果它能让更多的司机在进入路口前观

察两边的路况，我就觉得这是一个积极的结

果。

答案详解

1. What are the speakers mainly talking about?

A) A driving test.

B) A video game.

C) Traffic routes.

D) Cargo logistics.

1. 两位说话人主要在谈论什么？

A) 一场驾驶考试。

B) 一款电子游戏。

C) 交通路线。

D) 货运物流。

【答案】B

【解析】音频开头，女士提到 video game，紧接着又说 this driving simulator，可知这是一款游戏，B 项是原词重现。

【错选排除】Euro Truck Simulator 是一款汽车驾驶类游戏，与考试无关，A 项错误；音频中提到了 C 项的 routes

以及 D 项的内容，但都不是对话的主题。

2. What does the man say about the driving simulator?

A) He found it instructive and realistic.

B) He bought it when touring Europe.

C) He was really drawn to its other versions.

D) He introduced it to his brother last year.

2. 男士对驾驶模拟器的评价如何？

A) 他发现这个游戏有教育意义且现实。

B) 他在欧洲旅游的时候买了这个游戏。

C) 他被这个游戏的其他版本深深吸引。

D) 他去年给自己的哥哥介绍了这个游戏。

【答案】A

【听前预测】四个选项的主语都是 he，都描述 he 与 it 的关系，推测本题考查男士与某物的关系。

【解析】男士说他发现这个游戏有教育意义，也有现实性，A 项中的 instructive 同义替换音频中的 educational。

【错选排除】这个游戏是男士的哥哥推荐给男士的，不是男士买的，他也没有向别人推荐，B、D 项错误；音频

提到 C 项中的 other versions，但没有说他被其他版本深深吸引，C 项错误。

3. What does the woman say she really appreciates?

A) Traveling all over the country.

B) Driving from one city to another.

C) The details in the driving simulator.

D) The key role of the logistics industry.

3. 女士说她真正欣赏的是什么？

A) 在全国旅游。

B) 从一个城市开车到另一个城市。

C) 驾驶模拟器中的细节。

D) 物流行业的关键作用。

【答案】C

【解析】女士说自己很欣赏这个游戏中的所有细节，C 项中的 details 为原词重现。

【错选排除】A 项中的 all over the country 音频未提及；这个游戏的内容是开车在城市之间来往，但这不是女士

127


欣赏的点，B 项无法对应题干；女士说自己对物流行业有了新认识，没有谈到物流的地位，D 项错误。4. What outcome does the woman expect from the

driving simulator?

A) Clearer road signs.

B) More people driving safely.

C) Stricter traffic rules.

D) More self-driving trucks on the road.

4. 女士期望驾驶模拟器能带来什么结果？

A) 道路标识更清晰。

B) 更多人安全驾驶。

C) 更严格的交规。

D) 更多自动驾驶的卡车上路。

【答案】B

【听前预测】四个选项都包含比较级，内容涉及交通、安全，推测本题考查交通方面的某种积极变化。

【解析】音频末尾，女士表示只要这个游戏能让更多司机关注路况，那就是一个好结果，B 项中的 people 概括

音频中的 drivers，driving safely 概括音频中的 looking both ways before entering an intersection。

【错选排除】音频只提到“遵守路标”，未提及“更清晰的”，A 项错误；C 项音频未提及；音频提到“自动驾驶

卡车可能很快就会出现”，但并不是女士期望驾驶模拟器带来的结果，D 项错误。


• simulator /ˈsɪmjuleɪtə(r)/ n. 模拟器

• maneuver （英式 manoeuvre）/məˈnuːvə(r)/ n. 机

动动作；策略

• cargo /ˈkɑːɡəʊ/ n. （一批）货物

• logistic industry 物流行业

• have a head start 占先机

• be drawn to 被……吸引

同义表达

音频题目

• educational • instructive

Conversation Two


W: How do you like being self-employed?

M: [5] There are obvious benefits, though I don’t seem to

have the freedom I anticipated as I just don’t seem able

to decline work offers. And working alone, there have

been times when I’ve found that money alone provides

insufficient motivation. Have you experienced the same

since you began working for yourself?

女：你觉得自由职业的感觉怎么样？

男： [5] 有明显的好处，不过似乎没有我预想中

那么自由，因为我无法拒绝工作邀请。有

时我发现，如果是独自工作，光靠金钱无

法提供足够的动力。从你开始自由职业起，

你是否也有同样的体验？

128

六级听力真题

W: Sometimes yes. Unlike the rest of the workforce who have

managers to prompt motivation whenever they’re feeling

lazy or bored, we self-employed workers perform our jobs

without a manager to lift our spirits. There’s no one around

to offer praise or initiate collaboration, no one to make

greater use of our interests and talents.

M: That’s a fact. Not every manager behaves with such

awareness and care, of course. [6] And certainly, not all

managers have a clue how to motivate people. Still having

a manager nearby at least indicates there’s an opportunity

they’ll be decent enough to look out for you when your

energy and focus begin to deplete.

W: [7] The motivator I value most is autonomy. I’ve learned

not to sacrifice my prized autonomy by working all hours of

the day and by saying “yes” to every client request.

M: [7] Yes. I need to remind myself that I selected this lifestyle

for the independence. I don’t miss aspects of permanent full-

time employment I disliked such as the office politics, job

insecurity, inflexible hours and so on. I wouldn’t mind a bit

more in the form of praise though—praise which is on the

record.

W: That’ll come with time. [8] Relativeness is inevitably

cultivated via human interaction. Engaging with clients,

getting written testimony and recommendations, staying in

contact with clients afterwards... these are things you’ll find

will come into course and provide you with motivation.

M: [8] You’re right. That’s an area I do need to put some more

effort into: building closer relationships with those who

engage my services and skills.

女：有时候是的。当其他上班族感到懒惰或无

聊时，管理者会激励他们，但我们这些自

由职业者不同，我们在没有经理的情况下

完成工作，也就没人来给我们鼓舞士气。

我们的周围没有人给予赞扬或发起合作，

也没有人更好地利用我们的兴趣和才能。

男：确实如此。当然，并不是每个管理者都有

这样的意识和关怀。[6] 而且，肯定也不是

所有的管理者都知道如何激励员工。如果

仍然有一个共事的经理，这至少说明，当

你的精力和注意力开始耗尽时，他们会适

当地关照你。

女： [7] 我最看重的激励因素是自主性。我已经

学会了不要牺牲宝贵的自主权用来整日都

工作，也不用来顺从客户的每一个要求。

男： [7] 是的。我需要提醒自己，我选择这种生

活方式是为了独立。对于我不喜欢的长期

全职工作的一些方面，我并不怀念，比如

办公室政治、工作不安全感、时间不灵活

等等。但我不介意收到多一点赞美——公

开的那种。

女：随着时间推移，会有的。[8] 人脉必然是

通过人与人之间的互动来培养的。与客户

接触，获得书面证明和推荐，事后与客户

保持联系……你会发现这些事情在步入正

轨，为你提供动力。

男： [8] 你说得没错。这方面我确实需要多花些

精力：与那些雇用我的服务和技能的人建

立更密切的关系。

答案详解

5. What does the man say about his life of being self-employed?

A) It isn’t so enjoyable as he expected.

B) It isn’t so motivating as he believed.

C) It doesn’t enable him to earn as much money as he used to.

D) It doesn’t seem to offer as much freedom as he anticipated.

5. 男士对自由职业的生活有什么评价？

A) 不像自己想的那样快乐。

B) 不像自己认为的那样有激励性。

C) 没有使他赚到跟过去一样多的钱。

D) 似乎没有他想象中那么自由。

【答案】D

【听前预测】四个选项都包括 it、he，内容涉及现在与过去的比较，推测本题考查男士某个方面的今昔对比。

129


【解析】音频开头，男士表示自由职业似乎没有他想得那么自由，因为有些工作无法拒绝，对应 D 项。

【错选排除】A、C 项音频未提及；B 项中的 motivating 干扰较强，但男士提到的是“独自工作时光靠金钱无法

提供足够的动力”，没有和自己之前认为的情况进行比较。

6. What does the man say about managers?

A) Not all of them care about their employees’ behaviors.

B) Few of them are aware of their employees’ feelings.

C) Few of them offer praise and reward to their employees.

D) Not all of them know how to motivate their employees.

6. 男士对管理者有什么评价？

A) 他们中不是所有人都关心员工的表现。

B) 他们中很少有人意识到员工的情绪。

C) 他们中很少有人称赞和奖励员工。

D) 他们中不是所有人都知道怎么激励员工。

【答案】D

【听前预测】四个选项都包含 them、their employees，内容都是与员工的互动，推测本题考查某个群体与员工的

互动交流方式。

【解析】音频中间，男士表示并非所有管理者都懂如何激励员工，D 项中的 know 同义替换音频中的 have a clue。

【错选排除】A 项中的 care about their employees’ behaviors 音频未提及；B 项干扰较强，女士提到了 feeling lazy

or bored，但她和男士谈论的重点是对员工的激励，而非情绪上的关心，且音频所说的 not every managers、not

all managers 不能等同于 few of them，故排除；C 项中的 few of them 音频未提及。

7. What do both speakers value most about self-employment?

A) Job satisfaction.

B) Self-awareness.

C) Autonomy.

D) Money.

7. 两位说话人最看重自由职业的什么方面？

A) 工作满意度。

B) 自我意识。

C) 自主性。

D) 报酬。

【答案】C

【听前预测】四个选项都是名词或名词短语，其中三项内容与工作有关，推测本题考查工作的某种特点。

【解析】音频中间部分，女士说自己最看重自主性，男士也表示同意，可知两人都重视自主性，C 项是原词重现。

【错选排除】A、B 项音频未提及；男士在音频开头提到了金钱，但没有说自己重视这方面，D 项错误。

8. On what point does the man agree with the woman?

A) The importance of cultivating close relationships with clients.

B) The need for getting recommendations from their managers.

C) The advantages of permanent full-time employment.

D) The way to explore employees’ interests and talents.

8. 男士在哪方面与女士看法相同？

A) 与客户建立密切联系的重要性。

B) 需要得到自己主管的推荐。

C) 固定全职工作的优势。

D) 挖掘员工的兴趣和天赋的方式。

【答案】A

【解析】音频结尾，女士说人脉必然需要通过人际互动积累，男士随后表示赞同，并说自己应该多注意维护与

客户的关系，可知两人都认为维护与客户关系的重要性，A 项中的 cultivating close relationships with clients 概

括音频中的 building closer relationships with those who engage my services and skills。

【错选排除】音频说的是获得客户的推荐，而不是主管的，B 项错误；男士说自己不喜欢长期全职工作，也没有

谈到优势，C 项与音频矛盾；音频谈到了更好地利用员工的兴趣、才能，但没有提及方式，D 项错误。

130

六级听力真题


• anticipate /ænˈtɪsɪpeɪt/ v. 预期，预见

• prompt /prɒmpt/ v. 激起；鼓励

• autonomy /ɔːˈtɒnəmi/ n. 自主权；自治权

• cultivate /ˈkʌltɪveɪt/ v. 建立（友谊）；培养

• lift one’s spirits 鼓舞某人的精神

• look out for 寻求；提防

• on the record 记录在案的；公开发布的

• come into course 步入正轨

• put effort into 付出努力，花费工夫

同义表达

音频题目

• have a clue • know

• building... relationships • cultivating... relationships

Section B

Passage One


Weather is a constant force in our lives, but there is little

marketing research on how it affects businesses. [9] Now a

new study reveals how sunny and snowy conditions influence

consumer behavior. [10] Those weather conditions trigger

consumers to mentally visualize using products associated with

the respective weather. This leads to consumers placing a higher

value on those products. That is, they’re willing to pay more

money for them. But the correlation is only found with products

related to being outside.

How does this work? Researchers give the example of a

beach towel. On a sunny day, consumers who see that product

are not just looking at the towel itself. They are likely imagining

themselves lying on the towel in the sun. [10] This mental picture

of using the towel increases the value of the product in the

consumer’s mind.

Researchers put forward the following hypothesis to

explain their findings. They think the mental picture works in

sunshine and snow, because these weather conditions have a

positive association with outside activities. The effect is not seen

天气是我们生活中的一股恒定的力量，

但关于天气如何影响企业的营销研究却很

少。[9] 现在，一项新的研究揭示了晴天和

雪天是如何影响消费者行为的。[10] 这些天

气状况会引发消费者在心理上想象使用与相

应天气有关的产品。这导致消费者对这些产

品赋予更高的价值。也就是说，他们愿意为

这些产品支付更多的钱。但这种相关性只发

现于与户外有关的产品。

这是怎么一回事呢？研究人员举了一个

沙滩毛巾的例子。在阳光明媚的日子里，看

到该产品的消费者不仅仅是在看毛巾本身。

他们很可能在想象自己躺在毛巾上晒太阳。

[10] 这种使用毛巾的心理画面会增加产品在

消费者心中的价值。

研究人员提出了以下假设来解释他们的

发现。他们认为这种心理画面在晴天和雪天

里起作用，是因为这些天气条件与户外活动

有积极的联系。而在阴雨天则没有这种效果。

131


with rainy weather. Researchers assert this is because there aren’t

many activities that are enabled by rain. Most products associated

with rain, like umbrellas, are only used for protection from the

weather and not for any activities.

Researchers believe that companies that sell a wide array

of products online can benefit most from the insights this study

provides. [11] Online sellers often use complex mathematical

formulas to determine what products to feature and how to price

those products. Incorporating more data about weather would

allow them to make better decisions. This could bolster sales.

研究人员断言，这是因为没有多少活动是由

雨水促成的。大多数与下雨有关的产品，比

如雨伞，只用于抵御天气，而不是用于任何

活动。

研究人员认为，在线销售各种产品的公

司可以从这项研究提供的见解中获益最大。

[11] 在线卖家经常使用复杂的数学公式来确

定主打什么产品以及如何为这些产品定价。

整合更多有关天气的数据将使他们能够做出

更好的决策。这可能会促进销售。

答案详解

9. What do we learn about the findings of the new study?

A) Consumers visualize their activities in different weather.

B) Good weather triggers consumers’ desire to go shopping.

C) Weather conditions influence consumers’ buying behavior.

D) Consumers’ mental states change with the prices of goods.

9. 我们从新的研究结果中了解到什么？

A) 顾客在不同天气中想象自己的活动。

B) 好天气会激发顾客的购物欲望。

C) 天气状况影响顾客的购买行为。

D) 顾客的精神状态随商品价格改变。

【答案】C

【听前预测】四个选项都包含 consumers，其中三个包括 weather，内容多涉及顾客行为与天气的关系，推测本

题考查天气对顾客的某种影响。

【解析】一项新研究发现，晴天、雪天等不同天气状况会影响消费者的行为。具体来说，天气状况通过引发消

费者的想象来吸引他们购买，C 项中的 influence、consumer、behavior 均为原词重现。

【错选排除】音频开头说顾客在不同天气会想象自己使用相关产品，但这种情况只与户外活动有关，并不是所

有活动，A 项以偏概全；研究没有提到“好天气”，B 项错误；想象自己使用产品的样子不能等同于“精神状

况”，D 项错误。

10. What does the passage say may increase the value

of products for consumers?

A) Active consumption.

B) Direct correlation.

C) Individual association.

D) Mental visualization.

10. 这篇文章说什么可能会增加产品对消费者的价

值？

A) 主动消费。

B) 直接关联。

C) 个人联系。

D) 心理画面。

【答案】D

【解析】音频说晴、雪等天气状况会使人想象使用相关产品的场景，消费者此时会给产品赋予更高价值， D 项

对应音频中的 mentally visualize 以及音频后面的 mental picture。


132

六级听力真题

11. How can the findings of the new study benefit online

sellers according to the researchers?

A) Enabling them to simplify their mathematical formulas.

B) Helping them determine what to sell and at what price.

C) Enabling them to sell their products at a higher price.

D) Helping them advertise a greater variety of products.

11. 据研究人员所说，新研究的结果如何使在

线卖家受益？

A) 促使他们简化自己的数学公式。

B) 帮助他们决定卖什么、定价多少。

C) 促使他们提高产品的售价。

D) 帮助他们推广更多种类的产品。

【答案】B

【听前预测】四个选项的形式都是“helping/enabling them + 做某事”，内容都与销售产品有关，推测本题考查某

事物对商家的影响。

【解析】音频末尾说网络卖家可以利用这项研究（天气对顾客购物心理的影响）做出更好的决策，确定特色产

品并为其定价，B 项中的 what to sell、at what price 分别同义替换音频中的 what products to feature、how to price

those products。

【错选排除】A 项中的 simplify 音频未提及；音频只提到了顾客会在想象自己使用某产品的场景时给产品赋予更

高价值，没有说商家可以提高定价，C 项错误；D 项中的 advertise a greater variety 音频未提及。


• trigger /ˈtrɪɡə(r)/ v. 激起，导致

• visualize /ˈvɪʒuəlaɪz/ v. 使形象化

• insight /ˈɪnsaɪt/ n. 洞察力；了解

• incorporate /ɪnˈkɔːpəreɪt/ v. 将……包含在内

• bolster /ˈbəʊlstə(r)/ v. 改善；增强

• place a high value on 为……赋予高价值；给……

高度评价

• put forward a hypothesis 提出一个假说 / 猜想

• mathematical formulas 数学公式

同义表达

音频题目

• mentally visualize / mental picture • mental visualization

• to sell (products) • (products) to feature

• sell (products) at what price • price (products)

133


Passage Two


Setting the office air-conditioning at about 22℃ has become

standard practice across the world. Numerous guidebooks

across the world on heating, ventilation and air-conditioning

claim office performance peaks at 22℃ . Many people indeed find

relief from soaring summer temperatures in air-conditioned

offices. [12] But recent studies have challenged the accepted

wisdom that a cool office is more productive. The reality is more

complex.

Researchers conducted a review of all studies relating to air-

conditioning and productivity. They found that 22℃ was probably

a little chilly even at the height of summer. [13] For a person

dressed in typical summer clothing, an optimal range would be

between 23℃ and 26℃ . And people can even tolerate temperatures

beyond this comfort zone as long as they can adjust their clothing

and expectations. [14] In fact, even on very hot days, it makes

sense to turn the air-conditioning up. People often chase just one

optimum temperature, and this is understandable when people

feel hot, but there is a range of at least 3℃ to 4℃ which does not

have any adverse impact.

Another issue related to this is that people can become

psychologically dependent on air-conditioning. [15] If they are

used to the environment which is air conditioned, they tend to

prefer lower temperatures. But the studies found that almost all

humans became accustomed to the new temperature. It was

only at the extreme ends of the temperature range where people’s

productivity suffered. This range was above 26℃ and below 19℃ .

将办公室的空调设定在 22℃左右已经成

为全世界的标准做法。世界各地许多关于供

暖、通风和空调的指南都声称，保持最佳工

作表现的办公室室温是 22℃。在有空调的办

公室里，许多人确实在飙升的夏季气温中找

到了解脱。[12] 但是最近的研究挑战了“凉

爽的办公室提升产能”这个公认的观点。现

实情况更复杂。

研究人员对所有与空调和生产力有关的

研究进行了回顾。他们发现，即使在盛夏时

节，22℃可能也有点冷。[13] 对于一个身着

典型夏装的人来说，最舒适的温度范围应该

是 23～26℃之间。而且只要人们能够调整自

己的着装和期望值，他们也可以忍受超过这

个舒适区的温度。[14] 事实上，即使在炎热

的天气里，把空调调高也是说得通的。人们

往往只追求一个最适宜的温度，当感觉热的

时候，这是合乎情理的，即使偏离这个温度

至少 3～4℃，也不会产生任何不利影响。

与此相关的另一个问题是，人们在心理

上会对空调产生依赖。[15] 如果他们习惯了

有空调的环境，就会倾向于选择较低的温度。

但研究发现，几乎所有的人都会习惯新的温

度。只有在温度范围的极端值处，人们的工

作效率才会受到影响。这个范围包括 26℃以

上和 19℃以下。

答案详解

12. What is the accepted wisdom concerning the office

environment?

A) A naturally ventilated office is more comfortable.

B) A cool office will boost employees’ productivity

C) Office air-conditioning should follow guidebooks.

D) Air-conditioning improves ventilation in the office.

12. 关于办公环境的共识是什么？

A) 自然通风的办公室更舒服。

B) 凉爽的办公室会提高雇员的产能。

C) 办公室空调应该遵照说明书要求。

D) 空调能改善办公室通风。

【答案】B

【听前预测】四个选项都包括 office，内容多与空调、温度、工作相关，推测本题考查办公室空调的某种特点。

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【解析】音频开头说“凉爽的办公室提升产能”是被广为接受的观点，B 项中的 boost employees’ productivity 同

义替换音频中的 is more productive。

【错选排除】A、D 项音频均未提及；音频开头提到了 guidebooks，但没有说应遵照指南，C 项过度推断。

13. What did researchers find from the review of all studies

relating to air-conditioning and productivity?

A) People in their comfort zone of temperature are more

satisfied with their productivity.

B) People in different countries vary in their tolerance to

uncomfortable temperatures.

C) Twenty-two degrees is the optimal temperature for office workers.

D) There is a range of temperatures for people to feel comfortable.

13. 研究人员在回顾所有与空调和生产力有

关的研究后发现了什么？

A) 处于舒适温度区的人对自己的产能更满意。

B) 不同国家的人对不舒适温度的耐受不同。

C) 22 度对办公室的员工而言是最佳温度。

D) 让人们感到舒适的温度是一个区间。

【答案】D

【听前预测】三个选项包含 people，所有选项的内容都与温度、办公、舒适相关，推测本题考查温度与办公的

某种关联。

【解析】音频中间部分引述了空调与生产力关系的研究回顾结果。研究人员发现让人们感到舒适的温度是一个

范围，D 项中的 a range... to feel comfortable 对应音频中的 an optimal range、comfort zone。

【错选排除】A、B 项音频均未提及；音频提到保持最佳工作表现的办公室室温是 22℃，但最近的研究挑战了这

一说法，并指出最适合的温度是一个范围，C 项错误。

14. What do we learn about using a little less air-

conditioning during hot weather?

A) It will have no negative impact on work.

B) It will be immediately noticeable.

C) It will sharply decrease work efficiency.

D) It will cause a lot of discomfort.

14. 对于在炎热的天气里少用一点空调，我们能了

解到什么？

A) 它不会对工作产生负面影响。

B) 它会立刻被察觉出来。

C) 它会大幅降低工作效率。

D) 它会造成很多不适。

【答案】A

【听前预测】四个选项的形式均为“it will + 动宾 / 系表结构”，内容包括工作和某种影响，推测本题考查某个因

素对工作的影响。

【解析】题干中的 using a little less air-conditioning 同义替换音频中的 turn the air-conditioning up。音频中间部分

指出，即使在炎热的夏季也可以把空调调高，即便偏离了人们追求的最佳温度，人也不会遭受不利影响，A 项

中的 negative 同义替换音频中的 adverse。

【错选排除】B 项音频未提及；音频已明确指出炎热天气适当调高空调几乎不会带来不利影响，C、D 项与音频

矛盾。

15. What happens when people are used to an air-

conditioned environment?

A) They tend to favor lower temperatures.

B) They suffer from rapid temperature changes.

C) They are not bothered by temperature extremes.

D) They become less sensitive to high temperatures.

15. 如果人们习惯了空调环境，会发生什么事情？

A) 他们更偏好低温。

B) 温度的迅速变化会让他们倍感不适。

C) 他们不会被极端温度干扰。

D) 他们对高温不再那么敏感。

135


【答案】A

【听前预测】四个选项的主语都是 they，内容都涉及气温带来的变化，推测本题考查温度变化对某群体的影响。

【解析】音频末尾，讲者点明在空调环境中的人习惯选择低温，A 项中的 favor 同义替换音频中的 prefer。

【错选排除】音频提及了温度变化，但说的是人能适应一定范围内的温度变化，B 项中的 suffer 过于夸张；音频

末尾说在温度处于极端值时，人的工作效率会受影响，C 项与音频矛盾；D 项音频未提及。


• ventilation /ˌventɪˈleɪʃn/ n. 通风，空气流通

• relief /rɪˈliːf/ n. 宽慰，解脱；减缓

• chilly /ˈtʃɪli/ adj. 寒冷的；不友好的

• standard practice 标准操作

• accepted wisdom 共识

• makes sense 合理，讲得通

• be accustomed/used to 习惯于……

• follow guidebooks 按说明书 / 指南的要求做

同义表达

音频题目

• is more productive • boost employees’ productivity

• an optimal range / comfort zone • a range... to feel comfortable

• adverse • negative

• became accustomed to • are used to

• prefer • favor

Section C

Recording One


Psychology research has tended to portray solitude as a

negative experience. Studies conducted in the 1970s and 1990s

suggested that people felt less happy when alone as compared to

being with others. However, a new paper shows an alternative

view of solitude—one in which solitude can be positive.

Let’s start by looking at the earlier research. It had a couple

of shortcomings. First, it measured emotion on a scale from

positive to negative overlooking the possibility that our positive

and negative emotions can fluctuate independently. [16] Also,

it categorized emotions as simply positive or negative. It didn’t

consider that emotions arouse us to different degrees and that

both positive and negative emotions can arouse us a lot or a little.

心理学研究倾向于将孤独描绘成一种消极

的体验。20 世纪 70 年代和 90 年代进行的研究

表明，与和他人相处比起来，人们在独处时感

到不那么快乐。然而，一篇新的论文显示了对

孤独的另一种看法——孤独可以是积极的。

让我们先来看看早期的研究。它们有一

些不足之处。首先，它们在积极到消极的单

一范围内测量情绪，而忽略了我们的积极和

消极情绪可以独立波动。[16] 另外，它们只

是将情绪简单地归类为积极或消极，而没有

考虑到情绪会不同程度地唤醒我们，而且积

极和消极情绪都能或多或少地让我们感到兴

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六级听力真题

That is whether positive or negative, emotions can be either

a high-arousal or low-arousal. High arousal emotions include

excitement on the positive side or anger on the negative side

while low arousal ones include feeling calm on the positive side,

or lonely on the negative.

This new research attempted to overcome these shortcomings.

Researchers began with a simple study. They asked participants

to spend 15 minutes sitting alone without engaging in any activity

and measured how this solitude influenced their emotional state.

[17] This experiment specifically aimed to determine the effect of

solitude on high arousal emotions. It looked at positive emotions

such as being excited or interested and negative emotions,

including being scared or distressed. The results were clear. [17]

After 15 minutes of solitude, the participants showed reductions

in both types of emotion.

[18] A second study measured the effects of solitude on

low arousal emotions. These included both positive and negative

emotions, such as feeling calm, relaxed, sad or lonely. [18] That

experiment found that all of these emotions were increased by

time alone. Thus it seems past depictions of solitude were wrong.

It doesn’t have a simple emotional effect that can be characterized

as “good” or “bad”. Rather, it changes the intensity of our inner

experience. It amplifies quieter emotions, but it diminishes the

intensity of stronger feelings.

It’s worth clarifying that these findings relate to relatively

brief periods of solitude. This is distinct from prolonged loneliness.

Research has demonstrated that the latter is correlated with an

assortment of negative physical and psychological effects.

How can people benefit from being alone? The findings here

suggest that people can use solitude to regulate their emotions.

Solitude can help us become quiet after excitement, calm after an

angry episode or simply feel at peace.

奋。也就是说，不管是积极的还是消极的，

情绪都既可以是高唤醒的，也可以是低唤醒

的。高唤醒的情绪包括正面的兴奋或负面的

愤怒，而低唤醒的情绪则包括正面的平静或

负面的孤独。

这项新的研究试图克服这些缺点。研究

人员首先进行了一项简单的研究。他们要求

参与者在不从事任何活动的情况下，独自坐

15 分钟，并评估这种孤独感如何影响参与者

的情绪状态。[17] 这个实验的具体目的是确

定孤独对高唤醒情绪的影响。它着眼于积极

的情绪，如兴奋、感兴趣，以及消极的情绪，

包括害怕、痛苦。结果很明显。[17] 在 15 分

钟的独处后，参与者的两类情绪都减少了。

[18] 第二项研究评估了独处对低唤醒情

绪的影响。这些情绪包括积极的和消极的，

如感到平静、放松、悲伤或孤独。[18] 该实

验发现，所有这些情绪都会因独处时间而增

加。由此看来，过去对独处的描述似乎是错

误的。它没有一个简单的、可以用“好”或

“坏”来表征的情感效应。相反，它改变了我

们内心体验的强度。它放大了较安静的情感，

但却缓和了较强烈的情感。

值得澄清的是，这些发现与相对短暂的

独处有关。这与长期的孤独不同。研究表明，

后者与各种负面的生理和心理影响相关。

人们如何从独处中获益？这里的研究结

果表明，人们可以利用独处来调节自己的情

绪。独处可以帮助我们在兴奋和愤怒之后安

静下来，或者仅仅是感到平静。

答案详解

16. What is one of the criticisms directed at the early research

on solitude?

A) It overlooked the possibility that emotions may be controlled.

B) It ignored the fact that emotions are personal and subjective.

C) It classified emotions simply as either positive or negative.

D) It measured positive and negative emotions independently.

16. 早期对独处的研究受到了什么批评？

A) 它忽略了情绪可以被控制的可能性。

B) 它忽略了情绪是个人和主观的这一事实。

C) 它把情绪简单地分为积极和消极两种。

D) 它独立测量积极和消极情绪。

137


【答案】C

【解析】音频指出，独处只是将情绪简单地归类为积极或消极，而没有考虑到情绪会不同程度地唤醒我们，对

应 C 项。

【错选排除】A、B 项音频未提及；D 项中的“独立测量”音频未提及。

17. What do we learn about the results of the new research?

A) Sitting alone without doing anything seemed really distressing.

B) Solitude adversely affected the participants’ mental well-being.

C) Sitting alone for 15 minutes made the participants restless.

D) Solitude had a reductive effect on high-arousal emotions.

17. 我们从新的研究结果中了解到什么？

A) 一个人坐着什么也不做似乎真的很痛苦。

B) 孤独会对参与者的心理健康产生负面影响。

C) 独自坐上 15 分钟会让参与者感到不安。

D) 独处对高唤起的情绪有减少作用。

【答案】D

【解析】音频提到，新的研究是为了确定孤独对高唤醒情绪的影响。而结果显示，在 15 分钟的独处后，参与者

的高唤醒情绪减少，D 项中的 reductive effect 对应音频中的 showed reductions。

【错选排除】A、B 项音频未提及；C 项以 15 minutes 设置干扰，但结果并不是导致“参与者感到不适”，与音

频内容不符。

18. What did the second experiment in the new research find

about solitude?

A) It proved hard to depict objectively.

B) It went hand in hand with sadness.

C) It helped increase low-arousal emotions.

D) It tended to intensify negative emotions.

18. 新研究的第二个实验中有什么关于孤

独的发现？

A) 事实证明很难客观地描述它。

B) 它与悲伤相伴而生。

C) 它有助于提高低唤起的情绪。

D) 它往往会加剧负面情绪。

【答案】C

【解析】音频提到，第二项研究评估了独处对低唤醒情绪的影响。结果发现，所有这些情绪都会因独处时间而

增加，对应 C 项。

【错选排除】A、B 项音频未提及；第二项研究发现评估的是独处对低唤醒情绪的影响，包括积极的和消极的，

而不是全部的负面情绪，D 项错误。

重点词汇

• solitude /ˈsɒlɪtjuːd/ n. 独居，独处

• fluctuate /ˈflʌktʃueɪt/ v. 波动

• arouse /əˈraʊz/ v. 激起，引起

• distressed /dɪˈstrest/ adj. 烦恼的，忧虑的

• amplify /ˈæmplɪfaɪ/ v. 放大，增强

• assortment /əˈsɔːtmənt/ n. 各种各样

138

六级听力真题

Recording Two


In 1984, the World Chess Championships was called

off abruptly due to the withered frame of a player who was

competing for the title. He wasn’t alone in experiencing the

extreme physical effects of the game.

Elite players can reportedly burn up to an absurd 6,000

calories in one day. Does that mean that thinking harder is a

simple root to losing weight? [19] Well, when the body is at rest,

we know that the brain uses up a startling 20—25% of the body’s

overall energy. This level of utilization actually makes the brain

the most energy-expensive organ in the body. And yet, it makes up

only 2% of the body’s weight overall.

[20] So the more we put this organ to work, the more calories

will burn? Technically, the answer is yes for cognitively difficult

tasks. What counts as a “difficult mental task” varies between

individuals, but generally it could be described as something that

the brain cannot solve easily using previously learned routines

or tasks that change the conditions continuously. However,

deep-thinking will not burn off the calories gained from eating

a sugary snack, because in relation to the brain’s huge, overall

energy usage, which is devoted to a multitude of tasks, the energy

required just to think harder is actually comparatively tiny.

We’re unconscious of most of what uses up the brain’s energy.

A lot of that activity is unrelated to conscious activities like learning

how to sing or play the guitar. The brain is able to allocate blood and

thus energy to particular regions that are being active at that point,

[21] but the overall energy availability in the brain is thought to be

constant. So while there might be significant increases in energy use

at localized regions of the brain when we perform difficult cognitive

tasks, when it comes to the whole brain’s energy budget overall, these

activities don’t significantly alter it.

So why did the chess champion grow too skinny to compete

in his chess competition? The general consensus is that it mostly

comes down to stress and reduced food consumption, not mental

exhaustion. Keeping your body pumped up for action for long

periods of time is very energy-demanding. If you can’t eat as often or

as much as you can or would normally, then you might lose weight.

1984 年，世界国际象棋锦标赛因一位

争夺冠军的棋手身形枯瘦而突然取消。他并

不是唯一一个体验到比赛给身体带来极端影

响的人。

据报道，精英棋手在一天内竟可以消耗

高达 6,000 卡路里的热量。这是否意味着多

思考是减肥的简单方法？ [19] 当身体处于

休息状态时，我们知道大脑会消耗惊人的能

量，占整个身体能量的 20～25%。这种利用

率程度使大脑真正成为身体中最耗费能量的

器官。然而，它只占身体整体重量的 2%。

[20] 那么，我们越是让这个器官工作，

消耗的热量就越多吗？严格来说，对于认知

困难的任务，答案是肯定的。什么算是“困

难的精神任务”呢？因人而异。但一般来说，

它被认为是大脑无法用以前学过的套路轻松

解决的事情，或者是条件在不断改变的任务。

然而，深度思考并不会消耗掉吃甜食所获得

的热量，因为相对于大脑兼顾众多任务所产

生的巨大的整体能量消耗而言，只是为了努

力思考所需要的能量其实是比较微小的。

我们对大部分耗费大脑能量的事情都

是无意识的。很多活动与有意识的活动无

关，比如学唱歌或弹吉他。大脑能够分配血

液，从而将能量输送给当时正在活动的区域，

[21] 但大脑中的整体能量供应被认为是恒定

的。所以，虽然当我们进行困难的认知任务

时，大脑局部区域的能量消耗可能会有显著

增加，但当涉及到整个大脑的全部能量预算

时，这些活动并不会显著改变它。

那么，为什么这位国际象棋冠军候选人

因长得太瘦而无法参加比赛呢？普遍的共识

是，这主要归结于压力和食物摄入的减少，

并非精神疲惫。长时间让身体保持行动力是

非常耗费能量的。如果你不能像平时那样频

繁多吃，那么你的体重就可能会下降。

139


答案详解

19. What do we learn about the brain when the body is at

rest?

A) It uses up much less energy than it does in deep thinking.

B) It remains inactive without burning calories noticeably.

C) It continues to burn up calories to help us stay in shape.

D) It consumes almost a quarter of the body’s total energy.

19. 当身体处于休息状态时，我们对大脑有什

么了解？

A) 与深度思考相比，此时大脑消耗的能量少很多。

B) 大脑会保持不活跃，但不会明显消耗热量。

C) 大脑会持续消耗热量，帮助我们保持身材。

D) 大脑几乎会消耗身体总能量的四分之一。

【答案】D

【解析】音频提到，当身体处于休息状态时，大脑会消耗的能量占整个身体能量的 20～25%，约四分之一，对

应 D 项。

【错选排除】A 项中的“与深度思考相比”和 C 项中的“帮助我们保持身材”音频均未提及；B 项中的“不会

明显消耗热量”与音频矛盾。

20. What does the speaker say about the consumption of the

brain’s energy?

A) Much of the consumption has nothing to do with conscious

activities.

B) It has something to do with the difficulty of the activities in

question.

C) Energy usage devoted to active learning accounts for a big

part of it.

D) A significant amount of it is for performing difficult

cognitive task.

20. 讲者对大脑能量的消耗有什么看法？

A) 很多消耗与有意识的活动无关。

B) 消耗与问题中活动的难度有关。

C) 用于主动学习的能量消耗占了很大一部分。

D) 其中很大一部分消耗于执行困难的认知任

务中。

【答案】D

【解析】音频中间，讲者提出问题“我们让一个器官工作得越多，消耗的热量就越多吗？”，紧跟着给出肯定回答，

并指出是针对认知困难的任务。这类任务需要大脑参与工作的强度大，那么就需要消耗大部分热量，对应 D 项。

【错选排除】A 项偷换概念，音频提到很多活动与有意识的活动无关，并不是很多消耗；音频提到针对认知困

难的任务，越是让这个器官工作，消耗的热量就越多，并没有讨论难度不同，消耗就不同，B 项错误；C 项中

的“主动学习”音频未提及。

21. What do we learn about the overall energy availability

in the brain?

A) It is believed to remain basically constant.

B) It is a prerequisite for any mental activity.

C) It is conducive to relieving mental exhaustion.

D) It is thought to be related to food consumption.

21. 关于大脑中的总能量储备，我们了解到什么？

A) 它被认为基本保持不变。

B) 它是任何精神活动的先决条件。

C) 它有助于缓解精神疲惫。

D) 它被认为与食物消耗有关。

【答案】A

【解析】A 项中的 is believed to 为音频 is thought to 的同义替换。

【错选排除】B 音频未提及；C 项以 mental exhaustion 设置干扰，D 项以 food consumption 设置干扰，但均与音

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六级听力真题

频内容不符。


• abruptly /əˈbrʌptli/ adv. 突然地

• withered /ˈwɪðəd/ adj. 干枯的，枯萎的

• startling /ˈstɑːtlɪŋ/ adj. 让人震惊的

• call off 取消

• in relation to 关于，涉及

• general consensus 普遍共识

• come down to 归根结底，归结为

• pump up 用泵把……抽上来；热切期望

同义表达

音频题目

• is thought to • is believed to

Recording Three


[22] “Tell me about yourself” may seem like an easy

job interview question, but the open-ended nature of this

question often leaves job seekers at a loss where to start. This

common question is actually a critical test of a job candidate’s

communication skills, so it’s important not to give an unprepared

response or mess it up.

“Tell me about yourself” is often the first question

professional career coaches prepare people for when they give

interview guidance. It’s the opportunity for the candidate to

take control of the narrative and tell their story in a way that

really matters to their audience. It takes hard work and extensive

preparation to answer this question well.

When a person goes to a job interview, their interviewer

has presumably read their resume, so they don’t need to repeat

the information. [23] But that’s what most people will do as it’s

their instinct to recite things that are already on their resume. It’s

important for job seekers to do their homework on two crucial

aspects. First, they are not just telling someone a fact about

themselves; they’re telling a story and stories take work to create.

Coming up with a good story means getting reflective about

what made their career accomplishments, something they’re

proud of, and what strength those accomplishments highlight.

[22] “介绍一下你自己”看似是一个简单

的求职面试问题，但这个问题的开放性往往

让求职者不知从何说起。这个常见的问题其

实很考验求职者的沟通能力，所以千万不要

在没有准备好的情况下给出回答，否则会弄

巧成拙。

“介绍一下你自己吧”往往是专业的职业

培训师在给大家做面试指导时准备的第一个

问题。这是应聘者掌控叙事的机会，以一种

对听众真正重要的方式讲述自己的故事。要

回答好这个问题，需要付出很大的努力和大

量的准备。

当一个人去参加求职面试时，面试官大

概率已经读过他们的简历，所以他们不需要

重复简历上的信息。[23] 但大多数人都会本

能地复述简历上已有的东西。对求职者来说，

他们必须在两个关键方面做足功课。首先，

他们不仅仅是在告诉别人一个关于自己的事

实，他们是在讲一个下了工夫进行创作的故

事。想出一个好的故事意味着要反思是什么

成就了自己的职业成功、自己引以为傲的东

西有什么，以及这些成就突出了哪些优势。

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Candidates shouldn’t pick a broad, general strength to elaborate

on such as “I’m smart”, “I work hard” and “I get things done” to

come up with multiple career accomplishments or examples for

different interview questions. [24] Job seekers should talk with

others, especially people who know them: partners, friends or

co-workers who will bring up different stories than the ones they

remember.

Secondly, [25] candidates should know what’s at stake

with the company with this job opening. What they really are

asking you is “tell me why you are going to help me”. If the

person is a prepared candidate, they should have already figured

out those things. They’ve read the job description and research

the company on the Internet. [25] What job applicants ought

to be looking for is what the company is up to you, what they

are trying to accomplish, and what is preventing them from

accomplishing those things.

How long should it take to answer? Around a minute. That’s

about right for most people’s attention spans. Under a minute

could seem rushed; while over 2 minutes, we’ll start to feel

more like a speech. But the length of the answer is not an exact

science, and candidates need to keep their career story focused

and tailored to their audience.

求职者不应该选择宽泛、笼统的优势来阐述，

比如“我很聪明”、“我工作很努力”、“我能

把事情做好”等，而是要拿出多个职业成就

或实例来应对不同的面试问题。[24] 求职者

应该与他人交流，尤其是认识自己的人：合作

伙伴、朋友、同事，这些人可能会说一些和

自己记忆中不同的事。

其次，[25] 求职者应该知道公司提供这

个职位的利害关系。他们真正想问你的是“告

诉我你为什么要帮我”。如果是一个有准备的

候选人，那么他应该已经搞清楚了这些事情。

他们已经读过岗位描述，并在网上搜索和研

究过这家公司。[25] 求职者应该弄明白的是，

公司对你有什么要求，他们想完成什么，是

什么阻碍了他们完成这些事情。

要用多长时间回答这个问题呢？一分钟

左右。对于大多数人注意力的持续时间来说，

这是合适的。不到一分钟可能会显得仓促；如

果超过两分钟，我们就会开始觉得更像一场

演讲。但是回答的时长并不是一门精确的科

学，求职者需要聚焦自己职业故事的重点，

并根据听者做出灵活调整。

答案详解

22. What does the speakers say about the job interview question

“tell me about yourself”?

A) Job candidates rarely take it seriously.

B) Job seekers tend to have a ready answer.

C) Job seekers often feel at a loss where to start in answering it.

D) Job candidates can respond freely due to its open-ended nature.

22. 讲者对于求职面试问题“介绍一下你自

己”有什么看法？

A) 求职者很少把它当回事。

B) 求职者往往有现成的答案。

C) 求职者常常不知道从哪里开始回答这个问题。

D) 由于它的开放性，求职者可以自由回答。

【答案】C

【解析】音频开头说“介绍一下你自己”看似是一个简单的求职面试问题，但这个问题的开放性往往让求职者

不知从何说起，对应 C 项。


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六级听力真题

23. What will most people do when they come to a job interview?

A) Follow their career coaches’ guidelines.

B) Strive to take control of their narrative.

C) Do their best to impress the interviewer.

D) Repeat the information on their résumé.

23. 大多数人求职面试时会做什么？

A) 遵循职业培训师的指导。

B) 努力掌控他们的叙述。

C) 尽量给面试官留下深刻印象。

D) 重复简历上的信息。

【答案】D

【解析】音频中间提到，大多数人都会本能地复述简历上已有的东西，D 项中的 repeat the information 同义替换

音频中的 recite things。

【错选排除】A、C 项音频未提及；B 项不是大部分人面试时所做的事情。

24. Why should job seekers talk with partners, friends and

co-workers?

A) To reflect on their past achievements as well as failures.

B) To produce examples for different interview questions.

C) To discuss important details they are going to present.

D) To identify a broad general strength to elaborate on.

24. 为什么求职者要和合作伙伴、朋友、同事

交流？

A) 来反思他们过去的成就和失败。

B) 为不同的面试问题提供实例。

C) 讨论他们将要展示的重要细节。

D) 确定广泛的综合实力来进行阐述。

【答案】B

【解析】音频中间提到，求职者应该与认识自己的人交流，如合作伙伴、朋友、同事，这些人可能会说出与

自己有关的新信息，可推知 B 项。选项中的 examples for different interview questions 对应音频中的 different

stories。

【错选排除】A、C 项音频未提及；D 项中的 a broad general strength 为音频内容，但不是求职者要和合作伙伴、

朋友、同事交流的原因。

25. What other important preparations should job seekers

make before an interview?

A) Getting acquainted with the human resources personnel.

B) Finding out why the company provides the job opening.

C) Figuring out what benefits the company is able to offer them.

D) Tailoring their expectations to the company’s long-term goal.

25. 求职者在面试前还应该做哪些重要的准

备？

A) 熟悉人力资源人员。

B) 找到该公司提供该职位空缺的原因。

C) 弄清楚该公司能为他们提供哪些福利。

D) 根据公司的长期目标调整他们的期望。

【答案】B

【解析】音频提到，求职者应该知道公司提供这个职位的利害关系，读懂公司真正的需求和这个职位相关的信

息，也就是说求职者应该知道公司提供这个职位的原因，对应 B 项。

【错选排除】A、C 项音频未提及；D 项偷换概念，讲者建议根据听者灵活调整自我介绍，而不是根据公司的长

期目标调整求职者的期望。


• accomplishment /əˈkʌmplɪʃmənt/ n. 成就；完成

• tailor /ˈteɪlə(r)/ v. 专门定做，定制

• elaborate on 详细说明

• come up with 想出，赶上

• at stake 处于危险中；在紧要关头

• figure out 想出；解决

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同义表达

音频题目

• recite things • repeat the information

六级听力真题虐耳精听班 - s-teaching-pub

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