« wpftkyf 800 usyf

« wpftkyf 800 usyf »« wpftkyf 800 usyf »« wpftkyf 800 usyf »« wpftkyf 800 usyf »« wpftkyf 800 usyf »

pmayavmupmtkyf trSwf 325

vufa½G;pifvufa½G;pifvufa½G;pifvufa½G;pifvufa½G;pifEd kifiHwumEdkifiHwumEdkifiHwumEdkifiHwumEdkifiHwum

&opHk yH k jyifrsm;&opHk yH k jyifrsm;&opHk yH k jyifrsm;&opHk yH k jyifrsm;&opHk yH k jyifrsm;

cifarmifwdk; (rd k;rdwf)cifarmifwdk; (rd k;rdwf)cifarmifwdk; (rd k;rdwf)cifarmifwdk; (rd k;rdwf)cifarmifwdk; (rd k;rdwf)

pmayavmu pmtkyfwdkufpmayavmu pmtkyfwdkufpmayavmu pmtkyfwdkufpmayavmu pmtkyfwdkufpmayavmu pmtkyfwdkuftrSwf 173? 33 vrf;? &efukefNrdKU/

« zkef; - 285166»

pmtkyfpmwrf; pme,fZif;pmtkyfpmwrf; pme,fZif;pmtkyfpmwrf; pme,fZif;pmtkyfpmwrf; pme,fZif;pmtkyfpmwrf; pme,fZif;

cGif h jyKtrSwf cGif h jyKtrSwf cGif h jyKtrSwf cGif h jyKtrSwf cGif h jyKtrSwf « 21^99 (5) »

pmtkyfpmwrf; rsufESmzHk;pmtkyfpmwrf; rsufESmzHk;pmtkyfpmwrf; rsufESmzHk;pmtkyfpmwrf; rsufESmzHk;pmtkyfpmwrf; rsufESmzHk;

cGif h jyKtrSwf cGif h jyKtrSwf cGif h jyKtrSwf cGif h jyKtrSwf cGif h jyKtrSwf « 467^2002 (6) »

rsufESmzH k;rsufESmzH k;rsufESmzH k;rsufESmzH k;rsufESmzH k;

aZmfarmif

- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -

twGif;o½kyfazmftwGif;o½kyfazmftwGif;o½kyfazmftwGif;o½kyfazmftwGif;o½kyfazmf

a½Trif;om;

- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -

yHkES dyfjcif;yH kES dyfjcif;yH kES dyfjcif;yH kES dyfjcif;yH kES dyfjcif;

yxrtBudrfyxrtBudrfyxrtBudrfyxrtBudrfyxrtBudrf

- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -

xkwfa0jcif;xkwfa0jcif;xkwfa0jcif;xkwfa0jcif;xkwfa0jcif;

Zlvdkif? 2002

(1000)

- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -

pmtkyfcsKyfpmtkyfcsKyfpmtkyfcsKyfpmtkyfcsKyfpmtkyfcsKyf

udkjrifh

OD;wifhvGif (3523) aomfupmay

trSwf 605? ok"r®mvrf;? X^wdk;csJU&yfuGuf

ajrmufOuúvmy? &efukefNrdKUrS xkwfa0í

a':cifvS (NrJ 01578)? pmayavmu yHkESdyfwdkuf

trSwf 173? 33vrf;? &efukefNrdKUwGif

rsufESmzHk;ESifh twGif;pmom;rsm; yHkESdyfonf/

vufa&G;pifEkdifiHwum&opkHykHjyifrsm; u 1

cifarmifwdk; (rd k;rdwf)cifarmifwdk; (rd k;rdwf)cifarmifwdk; (rd k;rdwf)cifarmifwdk; (rd k;rdwf)cifarmifwdk; (rd k;rdwf)

vufa½G;pifvufa½G;pifvufa½G;pifvufa½G;pifvufa½G;pifEd kifiHwumyHkjyifrsm;EdkifiHwumyHkjyifrsm;EdkifiHwumyHkjyifrsm;EdkifiHwumyHkjyifrsm;EdkifiHwumyHkjyifrsm;


a&S; w½kwftrsKd;orD;awGrSm ajcz0g;ao;ao;uav;awG &SdaeMuw,fvdkY,lqvmcJhMuw,f/ csrf;omMuG,f0jyD; jrifhjrwfwJh rdom;pku orD;i,frsm;&JYajcz0g;udk MuD;rvmapzdkY usyfpnf;xkyf xm;Muw,f/ 'gayrJh vGefcJhwJh ESpfaxmifaygif;rsm;pGmwkef;uawmh w½kwftrsdK;orD;awG&JU ajcz0g;awG[molwdkYvifom;rsm;&JU ajcz0g;awGxuf ydkMuD;MuowJh/ tJ'Dumv trsKd;orD;awG&JU tvSwpfyg;xJrSm ajcz0g;MuD;wmvnf; ygcJhw,ffaygh/

tJ'Dumvwkef;uaygh/],if&Sef;}qdkwJh bk&ifMuD;wpfyg;&SdcJhw,f/ olYrdzk&m;uawmh tvSeJY

ywfoufjyD; ausmfMum;wJh ]wDcsif;} yJ/ El;nHhjyD; tcsdK;usvSwJh olYajcz0g;[m14 vufrawmif &SnfowJh/ bk&ifu odyfjrwfEdk;awmfrlvSwJh ajcz0g;aygh/rdzk&m;udkvJ odyfcspfawmfrlowJh/

bk&ifeJY rdzk&m; ESpfOD;pvHk;[m odyfudk ttdyfaumif;Muw,f/rsufpdrSdwfvdkufwmeJY cPtwGif; tdyfarmusoGm;wmyJwJh/ reufvif;vdkYa&Ta'gif;awG wGefumrS Edk;vmMuawmhowJh/

'gayrJh rdzk&m;rSm tusifhqdk;wpfck&Sdaew,f/ tdyfrufa,mifjyD;vrf;xavQmufwJh tusifhqdk;aygh/ n0wf&HkMuD;eJY wpfcef;0if wpfcef;xGufavQmufoGm;aewJh rdzk&m;udk tapcHawGu cP cP awGY&zl;w,f/ tJ'DtcsdefrsdK;rSm rsufpdyGifhaeayr,fh bmrSrjrifbl;wJh/ vrf;avQmufvdkY auseyfavmufrS rdzk&m;[m tdyfcef;aqmifxJ wef;wef;rwfrwf jyef0ifoGm;wmudkvnf; awGYMu&w,f/ awGYjrifzl;olawG[m tcsif;csif; vufwdkYajymMuw,f/ 'gayrJh bk&ifr&dyfrdatmifawmh txl; owdxm;Mu&wmaygh/

wpfaeYawmh eef;wGif;olwpfa,mufu olYoli,fcsif;udk wdk;wdk;wdk;wdk; ajymaew,f/ 'gudk bk&ifujrifoGm;awmh bmawG wdk;wdk;vkyfaewmvJ ighudk rSefrSefajymprf;? rajym&if eifhacgif;udk jzwfypfr,fvdkYjcdrf;ajcmufw,f? 'Dawmh eef;wGif;olu trSeftwdkif;xkwfajymvdkuf&vdkYolYrdzk&m; tdyfrufa,mifwwfaMumif; odoGm;awmhowJh/

tJ'DnrSm rtdyfawmhbJ rdzk&m;udkapmifhMunfhzdkY ol qHk;jzwfw,f/'Dawmh tdyf&m0ifjyD;ESpfem&DavmuftMumrSm tdyf&mxJux? rwfwwf&yfjyD;tcef;awGxJavQmufoGm;wJh rdzk&m;udk jrif&awmhwmaygh/ bk&ifu tomuav; aemufu avQmufvdkufoGm;w,f/ rdzk&m;uvnf; ajcoHrMum;

u cifarmifwkd;(rkd;rdwf)4

&atmif zGzG uav;avQmufaew,f/ bk&if[m aemufuvdkufae&if;olYrdzk&m; wpfckckeJYwdkufrdjyD;vJrSm odyfpdk;&drfvmw,f? 'gaMumifh rdzk&m;&JUcg;udkaemufuae zufvdkufjyD; usefvufwpfzufeJY yg;pyfudk ydwfxm;vdkufw,f/'DvdkrSrydwf&if rdzk&m;vefYatmfvdkY eef;awmfwpfckvHk; Edk;ukefr,fr[kwfvm;/xifwJhtwdkif;yJ rdzk&m;[m vefYzsyfjyD; vGwfatmif&kef;w,f/ &kef;&if;owdjyef0ifvmumrS vifawmfarmif bk&ifjzpfaerSef; odoGm;awmhowJh/'Dawmhvnf; bk&ifeJYtwl cef;rawGjzwfjyD; puf&mcef;aqmifxJ jyef0ifoGm;owJh/

]usKyf tifrwefcspf&wJh rdzk&m;&,f? tdyfrufa,mifwwfw,fvdkYvnf;usKyfudk wpfcgrS rajymbl;ygvm;? ajymomxm;&if a&Tajccsif;qifjref;ay;jyD; a&ToHMudK;keJY ntcg csnfxm;Edkifwmaygh rdzk&m;&,f}

][kwfygw,f armifawmf? ESrawmf i,fi,fuwnf;u tdyfrufa,mif wwfygw,f? 'gayrJh ESrawmfab;rSm usufoa&taygif;canmif;wJharmifawmf &Sdae&if nwdkif; ESrawmfvufudkqGJjyD; vrf;avQufwwfwJhewfqdk;awG aMumuf&GHUoGm;Mur,fvdkY arQmfvifhawG;xifcJhygw,f? 'gayrJh'Dewfqdk;awGckxd rajy;Muao;bl; armifawmf&,f}

'gaMumifh bk&ifu nnrsm;rSm rdzk&m;&JU a&Tajcusif;udk ovGefeJUwGJcsnfxm;ay;vdkufw,f/ aemufaeYreuf yGJawmfwnfcsdefrSm nutdyfrufrufao;ovm;vdkY ar;Munfhw,f/

]rufw,f armifawmf? odyfudkxdyfvefYp&m tddyfrufyJ? tdyfrufxJrSmarmifawmfu ta0;wdkif;wyg;a&mufaew,f? ESrawmfu armifawmfudkvdkuf&Smw,f? &ufaygif;rsm;pGm rem;rae&Smayr,fh rawGYbl;? wpfaeYawmharmifawmfudk &Smaecdkuf ESrawmfaemufbufuae e*g;MuD;wpfaumifujzKef;ceJ odrf;usHK;jyD; olYudk,fMuD;eJY &pfywfvdkufw,f/ yg;pyfudkvnf;olY&JUa&Tvuf0g;MuD;eJY ydwfxm;vdkufw,f/ ESrawmfvefYEdk;vdkY tod0ifvmwJhtcg armifawmfudk,fawmfwdkif jzpfaew,fav}

tdyfruftaMumif; Mum;vdkuf&awmh bk&ifpdwfrcsrf;romjzpfjyD;]tdk pdwffvufrtDrom jzpfae&SmwJh usKyf&JU rdzk&m;&,f? tdyfrufqdk;

awG qufrrufatmif usKyfenf;vrf;&SmrS jzpfawmhr,fxifyg&JU} vdkYjiD;wGm;ajymqdkvdkufw,f/

'DdtcgrSm rdzk&m;u ]tif; ESrawmfcHpm;&wJh 'ku©&JU taMumif;


t&if;[m ESrawmf&JU a[m'D ajcz0g;vSvSMuD;awGjzpfaervm;vdkY awG;rdw,f? eef;awmfxJrSma&m? O,smOfawmfxJrSma&m wpfaeYvHk; wpfxdkifwnf;xdkifae&vdkY tifrwefMuD;rm;vSwJh ESrawmf ajcz0g;awG rcHEdkiffawmhbl;xifw,f? vrf;avQmufcsifvmrSm aocsmw,fav? 'gayrJh aeYcif;rSmavQmufcGifhrMuHKbl;? 'Dawmh nrSm avQmufawmhwmaygh}

taMumif;&if;udk bk&ifod&jyDrkdY olwdkYESpfOD;pvHk; *kkPf,lrqHk;jzpfaewJhrdzk&m;&JU ajcz0g;awGao;csifao;oGm;ygapawmh ukozdkY qHk;jzwfvdkuf&w,f/aemufaeYrSm wdkif;jynfrSm tuRrf;usifqHk; orm;awmfMuD;udkac:jyD; cGJpdwfukoapcJhw,f/ orm;awmfMuD;u rdzk&m;&JU ajcz0g;udk udk;vufrwdwdcGJpdwf jzwfawmufay;vdkufw,f/ uRrf;uRrf;usifusif cGJpdwfjzwfawmufcJhwmrdkY rdzk&m;[m emusifrI odyfrcHpm;&bl;/ cGJpdwfjzwfawmufwJhtemvnf;rMumcifrSm vHk;0aysmufuif;oGm;cJhw,f/

aemufydkif;nawGrSm b,fawmhrS tdyfrufqdk;vnf;rrufawmhbl;?tdyfrufvnf; ra,mifawmhbl;wJh/

'gayrJh rdzk&m;rSm 'ku©opfwpfck0ifvmjyefw,f/ wjcm;rdef;rawG&JUajcz0g;uMuD;jyD; olYajcz0g;uao;ao;av;/ 'Dawmh ajcz0g;ao;ao;uav;udk vljrif&if&Sufp&mrdkY wpfaeYvHk; idkidkae&wJh 'ku©aygh/ Mumawmhbk&if raeEdkifjyefbl;/ trdefYjyefwrf;wpfck xkwfvdkuf&w,f/ jyefwrf;uawmh

]w½kwfjynfu trsdK;orD;awGrSm tao;i,fqHk; ajcz0g;&Sd&r,f?trsdK;orD;wdkif;&JU ajcz0g;[m rdzk&m;ajcz0g;wuf i,fae&r,f? cRif;csuftjzpf i,f&G,fwJh bk&ifhorD;awmfawGuawmh rdzk&m;ajcz0g;eJY tenf;i,ft&G,ftpm;wlEdkifw,f} wJh/

'gaMumifrdkYvnf; jrifhjrwfwJhrsdK;EG,fawGu olwdkY&JU orD;awGudkuaeYwdkif usyfpnf;ay;MuwmjzpfygowJh/

n


ol&def? a'a0geJY pE´marmifESrol&def? a'a0geJY pE´marmifESrol&def? a'a0geJY pE´marmifESrol&def? a'a0geJY pE´marmifESrol&def? a'a0geJY pE´marmifESr

[dk; a&S;a&S;wkef;u ol&defrif;om;? a'a0grif;om;eJY pE´mrif;orD;uav;armifESroHk;a,mufwdkY[m OD;OD;rdk;MudK;? a':a':vQyfpD;wdkYeJYtwl xrif;vufqHkpm;MuzdkY xGufvmMuowJh/ armifESroHk;a,muf xGufoGm;uwnf;urdcifMuD;[m olwdkYuav;awG jyeftvmudk vnfwarmharmh apmifharQmfae&Smw,fav/ ([dk;aumif;uifxJu ta0;qHk;wpfae&mrSm jrif&wJh Mu,fyGifhMuD;[m ol&def? a'a0g? pEmwdkY&JU rdcifMuD;yJaygh)/

ol&def?a'a0gqdkwJh om;ESpfa,mufuawmh avmbodyfMuD;MuowJh/wpfudk,faumif;vnf; qefMuw,f/b,favmufrsm; wpfudk,faumif;qefvdkufMuovJqdkawmh auR;orQ tpm;tpmawGudk jrdef&nf,Suf&nft0twif; pm;jyD;wJhtxd pm;aumif;aomufzG,f enf;enf;yg;yg;udkrdcifMuD;twGuf ,loGm;MuzdkY wpfpufuav;rS rawG;rdMuwJhtxdyJav/'gayrJh odrfarGUvSwJh pEmrif;orD;av;uawmh olYtpfudkawGvdk r[kwfbl;/rdcifMuD;udk trSwf&w,f/ 'gaMumifh rdcifMuD;twGuf &nfpl;jyD; csauR;xm;wJh[if;vsmaumif; enf;enf;pD,ljyD; olY&JU vufonf;cGH &Snf&SnfvSvSav;awGxJrSm xnfhxm;owJh/

armifESroHk;a,mufjyefa&mufvmMuawmh rdcifMuD; odyf0rf;omoGm;wmaygh/ rdcifMuD;[m awmufy0if;vufwJh rsufvHk;tpHkeJY om;orD;awGudkwpfnvHk;apmifhMunfhaeawmhowJh/ tJ'Dvdk apmifhMunfhae&if; ]uJ om;wdkY?orD;wdkY arharhtwGuf bmawGrsm; ,lvmMuao;ovJuG,f? ajymMuprf;ygOD;}vdkY ar;vdkufw,fqdkyJ/

'Dawmh om;tMuD;qHk; ol&defrif;om;u ][mAsm? araruvJbmyg&rSmvJ?oGm;uwnf;udku udk,hfbmom aysmfaysmfyg;yg; pm;zdkYaomufzdkYyJAs/ ararhtwGuf pm;p&mawG oGm;,lwmrS r[kwfbJ 'gaMumifh bmrSrygbl;} vdkY jyefajymvdkufw,fav/

a'a0grif;om;uvJ ]uRefawmfvJ ararhtwGuf bmrS r,lcJhbl;?uRefawmf aysmfyg;zdkYoGm;wmyJ arar&m? pm;p&mawG uRefawmf,lvmvdrfhr,fvdkY arar b,fvdkvkyfarQmfvifhvdkdY jzpfyghrvJ} vdkY ajzvdkufowJh/


'gayrJh pE´m rif;orD;uav;uawmh tpfudkawG r,lcJhayr,fh]orD;,lcJhw,f? uJ yef;uefwpfcsyfom ,lcJhayawmh arar?orD;bmawG,lcJhw,fqdkwm ararjrif&r,f} vdkY rGefrGef&nf&nfajymjyw,f/

rdcifMuD;[m odyf0rf;omoGm;jyD; yef;uefjym;wpfcsyfoGm;,lowJh/pE´mrif;orD;uav;u rdcifMuDd,lvmwJhyef;uefjym;xJudk vufonf;cGH&Snf&Snf vSvSuav;awGxJ xnfhvmwJh pm;aumif;aomufzG,fav;awGudkcgcsvdkufw,f/ yef;uefxJusvmwJh pm;aumif;aomufzG,ftm;vHk;[mrdcifMuD;pm;zdkY tqef;wMu,fawGcsnf;yJwJh/ bmaMumifhvJqdkawmh 'Dvdktpm;tpmrsdK;udk rdcifMuD;[m wpfcgrQrawGYzl;? rpm;cJhzl;yJudk;/ rdcifMuD;[mtifrwefudk yDwdjzpfoGm;w,f/ MunfEl;0rf;ajrmufoGm;w,f/

wpfcsdefwnf;rSmyJ rdcifMuD;[m ol&defrif;om;buf vSnfhvdkufjyD;]rif;[m taygif;toif;awGeJY aysmfyg;zdkYavmufom wpfudk,faumif;


qefqefawG;jyD; xGufoGm;w,f/ tdrfrSmusefcJhwJh ararhtwGuf wpfcsufuav;rS owdr&bl;? pm;p&muav;enf;enf;yg;yg; ,lvmaz:awmiftrSwfr&bl;? 'DtwGufrif;udk usdefpmcwf&r,f? uaeYupjyD; rif;&Jha&mifjcnfawG[m xm0pOf yljyif;aevdrfhr,f? rif;a&mifjcnfawGeJY xdawGYorQt&mwdkif; avmifuRrf;oGm;vdrfhr,f? 'gaMumifh rif;udk vlawGurkef;wD;Muvdrfhr,f? pufqkyf&GH&SmMuvdrfhr,f? rif;jyLxGufvmwmeJY vlawG[mOD;acgif;awGudk zHk;tkyfumuG,fxm;Muvdrfhr,f}vdkU ajymvdkufowJh/( 'gaMumifhvJ ae[m uaeYtxd tvGefyljyif;aewmjzpfw,f/)

'Daemuf rdcifMuD;[m a'a0grif;om;bufvSnfhjyD; ajymjyefowJh/]rif;vJ taysmfMuL;jyD; ararhudk arhavsmhaewJhom;yJ? 'Dawmh rif;vJtjypf'PfcH&r,ff? yljyif;ajcmufaoGYwJh OwkrsdK;rSm rif;tjrJwrf;wddkufcwfae&r,f? rif;[m ouf&SdrSeforQudk aoGYajcmuf&IHUwGapvdrfhr,f? 'gaMumifhuaeYupjyD; rif;[m vlawG&JU trkef;'Pfudk cH&r,f? vlawGu rif;udka&SmifMuvdrfhr,f? ('gaMumifhvnf; aEGOwkrSm wdkufcwfwJhavyludk vlawGuvufrcHEdkifMuwmjzpfw,f/)

aemufqHk;usrS rdcifMuD;[m pE´mriforD;uav;bufvSnfYjyD;]orD;uav;? orD;uav;uawmh taz:taygif;awGeJY aysmfaMumif;azG&if;rSmawmif ararhudk rarhbl;? owd&az:&ayw,f? 'gaMumifh uaeYuaejyD;orD;uav;[m xm0pOf Munfvifaeayvdrfhr,f? orD;av;&JU a&mifjcnf[m0if;vuf&Tef;jzmjyD; at;jraevdrfhr,f? 'gaMumifh orD;av;udk vlawGu]wnfjidrfvSwJh £ajE´ &Sifrav;} tjzpf todtrSwfjyKMuayvdrfhr,f/orD;uav;&JU MunfMunfvifvif at;at;jrjr? 0if;vuf&Tef;jzmusvmwJha&mifjcnfxJrSm pl;&JwJh b,fvdk a&mifjcnfrsKd;rS a&m,Sufygvmvdrfhr,fr[kwfbl;}

]'gaMumifh orD;uav;udk ]arwÅm&Sifrav;} vdkY jrwfjrwfEdk;Edk;ac:Muayvdrfr,f} vdkY ajymvdkufowJh/

(rdcifMuD;&Jh 'DqkaMumifh va&mif[m uaeYtxd tvGefEl;nHhat;jrjyD;vSyaewmjzpfw,f)/

n


cdkrif; ESifh usD;rdkufcdkrif; ESifh usD;rdkufcdkrif; ESifh usD;rdkufcdkrif; ESifh usD;rdkufcdkrif; ESifh usD;rdkuf

[dk; a&S;tcgwkef;u olaX;MuD;wpfOD;&JUpm;zdkrSI;[m tavmif;awmf cdkrif;udkzrf;,ljyD; avSmiftdrfuav;wpfckxJxnfhxm;owJh/ avSmiftdrfudk pm;zdkaqmifem;rSm csdwfxm;jyD; cdkrif;udk tpmrSefrSefauR;w,f/ 'Dvdk aumif;aumif;rGefrGefxm;jyD; tpmrSefrSefauR;wmuawmh ukodkvf&csifvdkYjzpfw,f/

wpfaeYusawmh avmbMuD;vSwJhusD;wpfaumif[m pm;zdkaqmifem;a&mufvmw,f/ usD;[m pm;zdkaqmifem;rSm w&pf0J0JysHoef;tpm&Sm&if;pm;zdkaqmifxJu pm;aumif;aomufzG,fawGudk jrifoGm;owJh/ 'Dawmhpm;csifvGef;vdkY oGm;&nfwrsm;rsm; usvmawmhwmaygh/

tif;? 'Dpm;p&mawGudk pm;&atmif b,fvdkMuH&ygh/usD;utMuHxkwfw,f/ aemufqHk;rSm tMuHaumif;wpfck &oGm;

a&mwJh/wpfaeY tavmif;awmfcdkrif;u avSmiftdrfxJu xGufvmjyD;tjyifrSm

tpm&Smpm;aew,f/ 'Dtcdkuf tMuHaumif;&xm;wJhusD; a&mufvmowJh/usD;udkjrifvdkufawmh tavmif;awmfcdkrifu ]toifusD; ? bmrsm;tvdk&SdvdkYygvdrfh? wu,fawmh uREfkyfwdkYESpfOD;u tMudKufcsif;wlMuwmrS r[kwfwmyJAsm} vdkY ajymvdkufowJh/

]tdk b,f[kwfyghrvJ? wlygw,fav? oifhudkvJ usKyfu cifrifcsifw,f? usKyfudkvnf; rdwfaqGaumif;tjzpf rSwf,lyg? uJ? usKyfwdkYESpfOD;twlwl tpm&Smpm;MuygpdkY&JU}


cdkrif;uoabmwlvufcHvdkufvdkY ESpfOD;om;twlwl tpm&Smpm;Muw,f?'gayr,fhtBudKufcsif;wlMuwmr[kwfavawmhusD;u cdkrif;&Smpm;aewJhtpmrsKd;ukdyJ &Smpm;csifa,mif aqmif&awmhwmaygh/ tJ'Dvdk ta,mifaqmif&if; rMum rMum aemufjyefvSnfhvSnfhNyD; EGm;acs;ykHxJu EGm;acs;ykd;BuD;awGukd qdwfqdwfpm;owJh/ Adkuf0awmh cdkrif;eJYcGJNyD; tjrefqkH; ysHwuffvdkufw,f/ usD;u avxJrSmysH0J&if; ajrjyifrSm tpm&Smpm;aeqJjzpfwJhcdkrif;ukdvSrf;ajymowJh/

]tdk rdwfaqG ckd&JU? pm;wm MumvScsnfvm;? tpm&Smpm;csdefowfowfrSwfrSwfuav;awmh xm;OD;rSaygh? arSmifaeNyDav? jyefMupdkY&JU}

'DawmhrS cdkrif;vnf;tpm&Sm&yfvdkufNyD; usD;eJYtwl pm;zkdaqmifbufjyefvmcJhw,f? cdkrif;eJYtwl usD;wpfaumifygvmwmudk pm;zdkrSL;u qD;jrifvkdufawmh cdku tazmf&SmvmNyDyJvdkY awG;NyD; avSmiftdrfwpfck xyfcsdwfxm;ay;vdkufowJh/ okH;av;&uftMumrSm pm;zdkrSSL;u olaX;BuD;twGufig;awG0,fvmcJhw,f/ ig;awG vSrf;awGUvdkufwmeJY usD;u pm;csifpdwfaygufvmawmhowJh/ pm;&atmifvnf; csufcsif;tBuHxkwfw,f/ tJaemufqkH; tBuHwpfck &oGm;a&mwJh/ &wJhtBuHu tpmraMujzpfaewJJhykHrsKd;aqmifaezkdYaygh/ usD;[m olYtBuH taumiftxnf p azmfw,f/b,fvdkazmfovJqkdawmh reufcif;uwnf;u avSmiftdrfxJrSmyJaevdkufNyD;rcHr&yfEdkifatmif cHpm;ae&wJhykHeJY wnnf;nnf; wnLnLvkyfaeawmhowJh/tr,fav; tvdkav;? ulyg u,fyg wpmpmaygh/


ckdrif;uawmh usD;tjzpfukd odyf*½krxm;bJ ]taqGusD; reufpmxpm;awmhav} vdkY zdwfrEåu jyKvdkufowJh/ 'Dtcg usD;u

]tr,fav; av; rpm;yg&apeJY? tpmraMujzpfaevdkY 'DrSmjzifhaorwwf cHpm;ae&wJhtxJAsm}

][m t"dyÜm,fr&Sdvdkufwm taqG&,f? usD;awG b,fwkef;ursm;tpmraMujzpfcJhzl;vdkYvJ? AdkufxJa&mufwmeJY csufcsif;aMuwmyJ? ausmufcJpm;wmawmif cPqkdaMuw,f? pm;rSmom pm;prf;yg? ig;uav;jrifvkdufwmeJY vkyfraeprf;ygeJY}

]tm tJvdkawmh rajymeJYAsm? usKyf wu,fhukd rpmraMuvdkYygAs}]at;av? 'gqkdvJ NyD;a&maygh? wu,f tpmraMu&ifvJ *½kpkduf

OD;aygh}cdkrif;u ajymNyD; ysHwufoGm;awmhowJh/tJ'DtcsdefrSmyJpm;zdkrSL;[mig;awGukdcsufNyD;oGm;vdkY yef;uefxJxnfhNyD;

olaX;MuD;twGuf toifhjyifqifxm;vdkufw,f? csuf&jyKwf& jyifqif&wJhpm;zdkrSL;vnf; acR;wvHk;vHkk;aygh/ ol[m pm;zdkaqmif wHcg;0em;oGm;&yfjyD;acR;awG oHawGudk okwfw,f? tcGifhaumif;acsmif;aewJh usD;u ]tif;tuGufawmhqdkufjy D} vdkY awG;jyD; [if;cGufawGxJu ig;wpfwHk;udk cyfjrefjrefudkufcsDvdkufowJh/ 'Dawmh ]uvpf} ceJtoHxGufoGm;ygava&m/ toHMum;


awmh pm;zdkrSL;u qwfceJ vSnfhMunfvdkufw,f/ vm; vm; ig;wpfwHk;udkudkufcsDxm;wJh usD;udk jrifwmaygh/ pm;zdkrSL;[m odyfpdwfqdk; a'goxGufjyD;usD;udk ajy;zrf;vdkufw,f/ rdwJhtcg usD;&JU acgif;arG;awGudk jAKwf jAKwfjAKwf jAKwfeJU qGJEkwfawmhowJh/ OD;pGef;ay:u tarG;wpfckudkyJ cseffxm;vdkufw,f/ aemufawmh pm;zdkrSL;[m csif;eJY prkefeufa&maxmif;jyD; EdkYxJxnfharTw,f/ jyD;rS tJ'DEdkYeJY usD;wpfudk,fvHk;udk okwfw,f/

]uJ rSwfa&m? igh ociffpm;r,fh [if;udk pm;csifOD;av}pm;zdkrSL;u tJ'DfvdkajymjyD; usD;udk avSmiftdrfxJypfxnfhvdkufw,f?

usD;vnf; odyfemusiffoGm;awmhwmaygh/rMumcif tpm&Smpm;&mu cdkrif; jyefa&mufvmw,f/ avSmifftdrf

xJrSmvJjyD; em;rcHomatmif nnf;nLaewJhusD;udk awGYvdkuf&w,f/ 'geJYcdkrif;u usD;udk avSmifcsifpdwfjzpfvmjyD; uAsmwpfyk'f &GwfqdkvdkufowJh/

vJavsmif;cGifh r&wJhae&mrSmtarG;wpfyifom&SdwJh OD;pGef;eJY MudK;Mumudkig awGU&w,f/toifrdwfaqG avSmiftdrfwGif;rSm raeygvifh? usD;uef;wpfaumif oifESifh reD;ra0;rSm &Sdav&JU? oifhudk &efjyKrSm

ig pdk;&drfao;awmhw,f/


'Dawmh usD;uvnf; uAsmwpfyk'feJY jyefajymvdkufw,f/tarG;wpfyifom&SdwJhOD;pGef;eJYMudK;Mumoifxifovdk ig r[kwf&yg?ig[m avmbom;usD;omjzpfw,f/toifh rSmpum;em;raxmifíightawmifawG EkwfcHxdwmjrifod&jyD r[kwfvm; rdwfaqG/'Dvdk wHkYjyef ajzMum;oHMum;awmh cddkrif;u xyfjyD; uAsmwpfyk'feJY

jyefajymvdkufw,f/aemifwwpfzef oif&jyefayghxHk;pHtwdkif;ygyJav/[if;vsmtom;vlYwGufxm;udkoifvdkiSufurpm;xdkufyg? rpm;oifhyg/tJ'Dvdk uAsmwpfyk'feJY owday;jyD; cdkrif;u 'DowÅ0grsdK;eJY

Mum&Snf qufaeoGm;vdkY rjzpfacsbl;vdkY awG;rddjyD; a0;&mudk ysHxGufoGm;awmhowJh/

aemufqHk;rSmawmh usD;rdkufvnf; wnnf;nnf; wnLnL vkyf&if;eJYaooGm;awmhowJhav/

n


wGefYwdkwJh opfoD;onfwGefYwdkwJh opfoD;onfwGefYwdkwJh opfoD;onfwGefYwdkwJh opfoD;onfwGefYwdkwJh opfoD;onf

[dk; a&S;a&S;tcgwkef;u ,morm;wpfa,muf &SdcJhw,f? wpfaeYawmhol[m jcHxGufopfawmfoD;awGudk vSnf;eJYwdkufjyD; aps;buf armif;xGufcJhw,f/ opfawmfoD;awG[m 0if;xdefarT;MudKifaewmrdkY aps;aumif;aumif;eJYa&mif;&vdrfr,fvdkY ol arQmfvifhxm;w,f/

aps;a&mufvdkY opfawmfoD;awG a&mif;r,ftvkyfrSm bkef;MuD;wpfyg;vSnf;em;a&mufvmjyD; opfawmfoD;wpfvHk;tvSLcHw,f/ ,morm; tawmfuav; pdwftaESmuft,SufjzpfoGm;w,f/uefawmhygao;&JhvdkY cwfjywfjywfajymvTwfvdkufw,f/ 'gayrJh bkef;MuD;u jyefMuGroGm;bl;/ ,morm;ua'go xGufonfxuf xGufvmjyD &[ef;udk rdkufrdkuf½dkif;½dkif;ajymqdkESifxkwfjyefw,f/ 'Dawmh &[ef;u

]wumMuD;? vSnf;ay:rSm opfawmfoD;awG &maxmifru&Sdaew,f?usKyfu wpfvHk;wnf;tvSLcHwmyg/ wumMuD;twGuf bmrS xdcdkufEdkifp&mr&Sdbl; xifygw,f? 'geJYrsm; bmaMumifh 'Davmufxd a'goxGufae&wmvJ wumMuD;&,f}

&yfMunfhaeolrsm;uvnf;bkef;MuD;udk opfawmfoD;wpfvHk;avmufawmh vSLvdkufzdkY ajymMuw,f/ 'gayrJh ,morm;u odyfacgif;rmw,f/rvSLbl;/ aemufqHk;awmh 'Djzpf&yfudk tptqHk;wdkif apmifhMunfhaecJhwJhukefonfwpfa,mufu raeEdkifawmhvdkY ,morm;qDu opfawmfoD;wpfvHk;0,fvSLvdkufw,f/

bkef;MuD;u ukefonfudk aus;Zl;wifpum;ajymjyD;]avmuDudk pGefYvTwfcJhjyD;jzpfwJh uREfkyfvdk bkef;MuD;rsKd;[m uyfap;ESJ

wGefYwdkaezYdk roifhbl;av? tck uREkfyfrSmvSywJh opfawmfoD;awG trsm;MuD;&SdaeygjyD? 'gaMumifh uREfkyfeJYtwlvma&mufpm;oHk;MuzdkY tm;vHk;udk zdwfac:vdkufygw,f} vdkY vltkyfbufvSnfhjyD; ajymvkdufw,f/

'DtcgrSm vltkyfMuD;xJu wpfa,mufu]bkef;MuD;rSm opfawmfoD;awG trsm;MuD;&Sd&ufeJY? udk,fhopfawmfoD;

udk,frpm;bJ bmaMumifh ,morm;&JU opfawmfoD;udkrS pm;csif&wmvJ} vdkYvSrf;ar;w,f/


bkef;MuD;u]opfawmfyifpkdufzdkY opfawmfaphwpfaphyxrqHk; vdktyfw,f} vdkY

ajzvdkufw,f/'Daemufawmh &[ef;[m opfawmfoD;udkjrdefjrdef&Suf&SufMuD; pm;oHk;

awmhw,f/ jyD;wJhtcg opfawmfaphudk qkyfxm;vdkufjyD; ycHk;rSmvG,fxm;wJhaygufwl;uav;eJY ESpfvufravmufeufwJh wGif;uav;wl;w,f/ jyD;wmeJYwGif;xJrSmopfawmfaphudkxnfhvdkufjyD; ajrMoZmawGeJYjyefzHk;w,f/ aemufawmhvltkyfbufvSnfhvdkufjyD; a&awmif;jyefw,f/ 'Dawmhtxl;tqef;rSeforQpdwf0ifpm;wwfwJh vlESpfa,mufu xrif;qdkifxJajy;jyD; a&aEG;,lvmay;w,f/ bkef;MuD;u 'Da&udkyJ opfawmfaphpdkufxm;&m wGif;uav;xJavmif;csvdkuffw,f/

vltkyfMuD; odyfudk pdwf0ifpm;aeMujyDaygh/ rsufvHk;awG b,frSra&GUMuawmhbl;/ opfawmfaphpdkufxm;&mae&mrSmyJ pl;pdkufxm;Muw,f/'DtcsdefrSm opfawmfyifuav;aygufvmw,f/ &ifoyf½SKarm wtHhwMo

MunfhaecdkufrSmyJ opfawmfyifuav;u MuD;MuD;vmw,f? wpfpwpfpeJY opfyifMuD;vdk jzpfvmw,f/

tudkif;awG t&GufawG a0a0qmqmeJY yGifhvmw,f/ tudkif;

wdkif;rSm jyGwfcJoD;vmw,f/rSnfhvmw,f/ opfawmfoD;

awG[m 0if;xdefarT;MudKifae

w,f/


'DawmhrS bkef;MuD;[m opfyifay:wufoGm;jyD; opfawmfoD;awGcl;?vltkyfxJypfcs/ cPtwGif;rSmyJ opfawmfoD;awG ukefoGm;w,f/ bkef;MuD;uopfyifay:ujyefqif;jyD; opfawmfyifMuD;udk aygufwl;eJYckwfvSJw,f/vJusoG;wJh opfawmfyifMuD;udk &[ef;[m xrfjyD; oufaomifhoufomxGufcGmoGm;awmhw,f/

thHzG,f arSmfynmawGjyaewJh wpfcsdefvHk;rSm ,morm;vnf;vltkyfMuD;xJrSm &SdaecJhw,f/ vnfqefYjyD; ai;armthHMoae&wmrdkY olYopfawmfoD;awG aps;aumif;aumif;eJYa&mif;EdkifzdkY ta&;awmif arhaecJhw,fav/ opfawmfyifMuD;xrf;jyD; &[ef;xGufoGm;umrS vSnf;qDjyefzdkY oltrSwf&awm h w,f/ 'geJY ol vSnf;&Sd&mudk uwddkufu½dkufjyefvmcJhw,f/vSnf;em;a&mufawmh vSnf;ay:rSm opfawmfoD;wpfvHk;rQ r&Sdawmhbl;/

'DawmhrS arSmftwwfeJY oD;apcJhwJh opfawmfoD;awG[m olYopfawmfoD;awG jzpfaerSef; odvdkufw,f/ oHo,pdwfeJYvSnf;udk taotcsm MunfhjyefwJhtcg vSnf;0if½dk;r&SdawmhaMumif; od&jyefw,f/ opfawmfyifckwftjzwfcH&wmeJY wpfjydKifwnf; olYvSnf;0if½dk;vnf; tckwftjzwfcHvdkuf&wm aocsmaejyDaygh/ ,morm; usdwfrEdkifcJr& jzpf&jyDav/a'gotdk;vnf;aygufuGJjyDav/ ol &yfwnfr&awmhbl;/ 'gaMumifh bkef;MuD;aemuf tajy;tvTm;vdkufw,f/ vrf;awGudk jzwfausmfajy;&if; jrdKUjyifbufa&mufcJhw,f/ 'DrSmyJvwfvwfqwfqwf jzwfawmufcHxm;&wJh vSnf;0if&dk;tydkif;tpawGudk ol awGUvdkuf&w,f/ wpfcsdefwnf;rSm bkef;MuD;pdkuffwJhopfawmfyif yifpnf[m olY vSnf;0if½dk;yJ jzpfw,fqdkwmudkyg odoGm;&jyefw,f/ 'DtodawGeJYtwl olY&ifxJrSm a'govIdif;awG twdkif;twmrJh½dkufcwfaew,f/

wu,fawmh wpfudk,faumif;qefrIaMumifh ,morm;ay;qyfvdkuf&wJh yrmP[m odyfawmh rao;i,fvSbl;aygh/

n


rif;om;uav;eJY ief;ysdKruav;rif;om;uav;eJY ief;ysdKruav;rif;om;uav;eJY ief;ysdKruav;rif;om;uav;eJY ief;ysdKruav;rif;om;uav;eJY ief;ysdKruav;

[dk; a&S;tcgu bk&ifMuD;wpfyg;&SdcJhw,f/ bk&ifMuD;&JU O,smOfawmfxJrSmopfawmfyifwpfyif&Sdw,f/ 'Dtyifu a&TopfawmfoD; 24 vHk;oD;owJh/bk&ifMuD;[m a&TopfawmfoD;awGudk aysmufoGm;rSmpdk;vGef;vdkY O,smOfxJaepOf xGuf ½Ipm;awmfrlw,f/ 'Dvdk *½kpdkufaewJhMum;xJuyJ wpfaeYrSmawmha&TopfawmfoD;wpfvHk; aysmufoGm;wm odvdkuf&w,f/ bk&ifMuD; pdwfESvHk;ñId;csHK;jyD; aomujzpfawmhwmaygh/ 'Dbk&ifMuD;[m opfawmfyifeJY a&TopfawmfoD;awGudk toufavmufjrwfEdk;awmfrlwmudk;/ aemif 'DvdkrjzpfzdkYpDrH&jyDaygh/ 'DtwGuf om;awmfoHk;yg;teuf om;awmfMuD;udk tac:vTwfjyD;]uJ om;awmf? uaeYn opfawmfyifudk apmifhaya&mh? a&TopfawmfoD;olcdk;udk om;awmfzrf;Edkif&if crnf;awmf&JU wdkif;jynfwpf0uf tyfESif;awmfrlr,f? aemufydkif;crnf;awmf ewf&GmpHoGm;wJhtcg wpfwdkif;jynfvHk;udktkyfcsKyf rif;vkyf&vdrfhr,f} vdkY rdefYawmfrlw,f/ 'gaMumifh ntcgrSmom;awmfMuD;u aoewfxrf;jyD; apmifh&awmhw,f/

tif; apmifhqdkvdkYom apmifh&wm bmt&dyfa,mifrS rawGUbl;/'gayrJhoef;acgifavmufa&mufvmawmh tifrwefudk om,memaysmfzG,faumif;vSwJh *DwoHuav;udk Mum;vdkuf&w,f/ wpfcgrS rMum;zl;wJh*DwoHrsdK;aygh/ tJ*DwoHMum;vdkYrS rMumbl; om;awmfMuD;[m ½kwfw&uftdyfarmusoGm;awmhowJh/ opfawmf&GufawG w&SJ&SJvIyfcgaewmawmifrEdk;bl;/ rdk;pifpifvif;rSyJ Edk;vmawmhowJh/ Edk;vmvmcsif;yJ om;awmfMuD;[mopfawmfyifudk xdwfxdwfysmysmeJY armhMunfhrdvdkufw,f/ opfawmfoD;wpfvHk; aysmufqHk;oGm;wmudk odvdkuf&w,f/ om;awmfMuD; rpOf;pm;Edkifavmufatmif jzpfoGm;awmhwmaygh/

aemufnusawmh om;awmfvwfudk bk&ifMuD;u tapmifhcsw,f/rxl;bl;av/ oef;acgifrSm om,mwJh*DwoH Mum;&w,f/ tdyfarmusoGm;w,f/ opfawmf&GufawGvIyfcwfoH qlnHaewmawmif rEdk;bl;/ Edk;vmvdkYMunfhvdkufawmh a&TopfawmfoD;wpfvHk;aysmufoGm;wm od&jyefw,f/


wwd,ntwGufawmh om;awmfuav;tvSnfhaygh/ om;awmfuav;u aemifawmfawGxuf ydkyg;eyfw,f/ em;ESpfzufxJ *Grf;qdkYjyD;apmifhw,f/ 'Dawmh opfwHk;MuD;vdk bmrS rMum;Edkifawmhbl;/ oef;acgif,HrSmay:xGufvmwJh *DwoHukdvnf; om;awmfav; rMum;bl;/ rMum;awmhtdyfarm rusoGm;awmhbJ qufapmifhEdkifcJhw,f/ tJ *DwoH xGufay:vmjyD;aemuf tcsdefusrS rif;om;av;u *Grf;awGudk xkwfypfvdkufw,f/'grSvnf; olcdk;vm&if toHMum;&rSmudk;/ tif; rMumbl;? awmifyHcwfoH?vIyfcwfoHawG ay:vmawmhwmyJwJh/ 'DtoHawGeJYtwl ief;jzLMuD;wpfaumif[m om;awmfuav;acgif;ay:u ysHjyD; opfawmfyifxufrSm em;vdkufowJh/tJ ief;jzLMuD;u a&TopfawmfoD;wpfvHk;udk cl;r,fvkyfawmh om;awmfuav;u aoewfeJY ypfcszdkY csdefvdkufw,f/ 'DtcgrSm thHMozdkYodyfaumif;wmu ief;jzLMuD;[m tifrwef vSyacsmarmwJh rdef;rysdKuav;tjzpfajymif;oGm;wJh udpöyJ/ trSefawmhom;awmfuav;taeeJY 'Davmufacsm?'DavmufvSwJh rdef;rysdKrsdK;udk wpfcgrS rjrifzl;bl;/ 'gaMumifhvnf;ypfcszdkYcsdefxm;ayr,fh rypf&ufbJjzpfaew,fav? wpfcsdefwnf;rSm rdef;rysdKuav;uvnf; ]t&Sifhom;? uRefrudk rypfygeJY? rypfygeJY} vdkY vSrf;awmif;yefaeowJh/

om;awmfuav;uvnf; rypfygbl;/ rawGUzl;wJh tvSxl;uav;r[kwfvm;/

rif;om;uav;ujyefajymvdkufw,f/]aumif;jyD? ig rypfbl;? rif;toufudkcsrf;omay;wJhtwGufawmh

rif;ighudk cspf&vdrfhr,f? ighudk vufxyf&r,f}'Dawmh ief;ysdKruav;u ]jzpfcsdefwef&if jzpf&rSmaygh? 'gayrJh

wpfckawmht&Sifhom; em;qifawmfrlygOD;? uRefr[m rsufpdoHk;vHk;&SdwJhpkef;rMuD;udk tvkyftauR;jyKae&olyg? tJ'D pkef;rMuD;u jrifhrm;oDacgifvSwJhawmifckepfvHk;? tol&u,fvdk euf½Idif;wJh csdKifh0Srf;ckepfck? aemufjyD;tajymus,fvSwJh jrpfckepfwef&JU [dk;wpfzufu zefom;ukef;jyifay:rSmaew,fav? uJ'Davmufa0;vHwJhae&m ta&mufoGm;EdkifwJh pGrf;yum;rsdK;t&Sifhom;rSm &Sdyg&JUvm;&Sif}vdkY ar;w,f/

rif;om;av;u rqdkif;ruGbJ ]tdk; &Sdwmaygh? ydkawmifydkao;&Jh}vdkYajymowJh/


'DawmhrS ief;ysdKrav;[m ajrjyifxuf qif;oufvmjyD; ief;jzLMuD;

toGif xyfajymif;vdkufw,f/ aemuf awmifyHESpfckMum;rSm wufxdkifzdkY

rif;om;av;udkajymw,f? rif;om;uav; wufxdkiftjyD;rSmawmh? ief;jzL

MuD;vnf;avxJysHwufvdkufjyD; [dk; ta0;wpfae&mta&muf c&D;ESif

awmhowJh/

tawmfav; ysHoef;vmwJhtcgief;jzLMuD;u]t&Sihfom;?bmawGrsm;

jrif&ygovJ} vdkY ar;w,f/ 'Dawmh rif;om;av;u ] txufrSmawmh

ñdkarSmifwJh aumif;uifMuD;yJ? atmufrSmawmh rnf;npfwJh ajrjyifaygh}vdkY

ajzvdkufw,f}

ief;jzLMuD; qufysHoef;&mu cPtMumrSm xyfar;jyefw,f/

rif;om;uav;uvnf; apmapmutwdkif;yJ jyefajzw,f/

ief;jzLMuD;t½SdefrysufysHoef;qJaygh/ aemufqHk;awmh tifrwef

a0;vHwJhwpfae&mudk a&mufcJhw,f/ 'Dae&mrSm ief;jzLMuD;u wpfcg

xyfar;jyefw,f/ t&Sifhom;? bmawGrsm; jrif&ygovJaygh/

'DwpfMudrfrSmawmh rif;om;av;u ]txufrSmawmh ndKarSmifwJh

aumif;uifMuD;yJ? atmufrSmawmh rnf;npfwJh ajrjyifaygh/ aemufjyD;

[dk;a&SUrSm zefom;awmifukef;av? awmifukef;xdyfrSm tdrfwpfvHk;&Sdw,f?

rD;vdk &J&JawmufaewJh tdrfyJ} vdkY jriforQ ajymjyvdkufw,f/

]tJ'g rsufpdoHk;vHk;&SdwJh pkef;rMuD;tdrfaygh? tu,fírsm; pkef;rMuD;u

bmvmvkyfwmvJvdkY ar;cJh&if a&cyf? rD;arT;&wJh rdef;rysdKuav;udk

awmif;zdkYvmwmvdkY ajymygaemf/ tJ'Drdef;rysdKuav;[m tjcm;olr[kwf

ygbl;? uRefryg}

zefom;awmifukef;xdyf ta&mufrSm rif;om;av;u ckefqif;

vdkufw,f/ ief;jzLMuD;uawmh tdrfacgifrdk;ay: ysHwufoGm;owJh/

rif;om;uav;u pkef;rMuD;&JUtdrfwHcg;udk acgufMunfhw,f/ pkef;r

MuD; udk,fwdkif wHcg;vmzGifhw,f/ rif;om;av;udkjrifw,fqdk&ifyJ pkef;rMuD;

odyftHhtm;oihfoGm;&mu

]a[h a[h? rif; bmvmvkyfwmvJ} vdkY rsufvHk;jyL; rsufqHjyL;

ar;ygava&m/

rif;om;av;u ief;ysdKrav; oifxm;wJhtwdkif; ajzw,f/ 'Dawmh


pkef;rMuD;[m b0ifrusvSwJhyHkeJY rsufcHk;arG;ESpfzuf qufoGm;wJhtxd

rsufrIefukyfvdkufjyD; ]aumif;jyD? reufjzef wpf&uftwGif; ighEGm;wJudk

&Sif;ay;Edkif&if olYudk rif;&r,f? at; wpfckawmh cyf&Sif;&Sif;ajymxm;r,f?

cdkif;wmudk jyD;ajrmufatmif rvkyfEdkif&if rif; t&dk;wjcm; tom;wjcm;

jzpfjyDrSwf} wJh/

'Dvdk tajcmuftvSefY cHvdkuf&ayr,fh rif;om;av;[m qGHYt

oGm;avmufatmifawmh xdwfvefYwkefvIyfroGm;bl;/

aemufaeYreufrSm pkef;rMuD;u rif;om;av;udk EGm;wJxJ ac:oGm;

w,f/ wJxJrSm EGm;taumifwpf&mausmfavmuf &SdowJh/ r&Sif;bJ ypfxm;

wmuvnf; q,fESpfavmufawmif ur,frxifbl;wJh/

]uJ &Sif;ayawmh}

pkef;rMuD;u trdefYay;jyD; xGufoGm;w,f/

rif;om;av;[m tm;MudK;rmefwuf p&Sif;w,f/ xGefjcpfeJYqGJ?

wHjrufpnf;eJYvSnf;? zwfzwfudkarma&maygh/ 'gayrJh b,favmufrS rxd

a&mufbl;/ ork'&ma&udk yHk;uav;eJY cyfxkwfaeovdk jzpfaewmaygh/

tJaeYcif;ydkif;usawmh ief;ysdKrav; a&mufvmw,f/

]arm&if cPem;ygOD;? uRefr aygifay: acgif;wifjyD; cPav;

tdyfvdkufygvm;&Sif} vdkY ajymvdkuf&ifyJ rif;om;av;[m vkyfp&mawG

ab;csdwffjyD; ief;ysKdrav;aygifay: acgif;wifjyD; tdyfvdkufw,ff/ ief;ysdK

rav;u rif;om;av;qHyifawGudk a&TbD;eJY jzD;ay;aew,f/ cPcsif;rSm

rif;om;av; tdyfarmusoGm;ygava&m/ jyefEdk;vmawmh ief;ysdKrav;

r&Sdawmhbl;/ aevnf;usoGm;jyD/ EGm;wJwpfckvHk;vnf; ajymifpifaejyD/

rif;om;av; odyftHhMoaew,f/ 'DtcdkufrSmyJ pkef;rMuD;vmaeoH Mum;vdkuf&

w,ff/ 'Dawmh rif;om;av; ckefxvdkufjyD; [dkem; onfem;u aumuf&dk;rQif

uav; z,fvdkuf? zkefpuav;udk vSnf;usif;vdkufeJY tvkyfvufpowf

ae[ef aqmifvdkufw,f/ 'DvdkvkyfaeyHkudk pkef;rMuD;jrifawmh]'Dtvkyfudk

rif;udk,fwdkifvkyfwm rjzpfEdkifbl;} vdkY a'gowMuD;ajymygava&m/ rsufESm

uvnf; ykyfvdkY odk;vdkYaygh/rif;om;av;uawmh cyfat;at;yJ/

]cifAsm; xifcsifovdkxif? tJ cifAsm rulnDwmuawmh &Sif;yg

w,fav? 'Dawmh a&cyf? rD;arT;&wJh rdef;rysdKuav;udk uRefawmf&EkdifjyD


r[kwfvm;}vdkY ar;vdkuf&ifyJ]r&Edkifbl;? cdkif;p&m&Sdao;w,f? reufjzef

wpf&uftwGif; EGm;wJudk iSufawmifawGeJY rdk;ay;&OD;r,f? iSufawmif

wpfckeJYwpfck ta&mifrwlap&bl;? rdk;ay;Edkif&if rif;vdkwm&r,f? tJ

rdk;ray;Edkif&ifawmh? rif;t&dk;awG pdpdnufnufaMujyDomrSwf}

tif; 'Dtvkyfuawmh bk&ifom;awmftzdkY vdkufzufwJh tvkyfygyJ?

tdyf&mu Edk;wmeJY aoewfqGJjyD; iSufypfxGufawmhwmaygh/ iSufawGaygayr,fh

ypfp&miSuf&Sm;aew,f? 'gaMumifhvnf; rGef;wnfhcsdefa&mufwJhtcg iSufawmif

ESpfckom &ao;owJh/ 'gawmifta&mifu wlaew,f/ 'DtcsdefrSm ief;ysdK

rav; a&mufvmjyefw,f/

]wpfaeYvHk; rem;wrf; avQmufoGm;raeoifhygbl;? uRefr aygifay:

acgif;wifjyD; cPav; em;ygOD;vm;&Sif}

rif;om;av;jiif;raeawmhbl;/ ief;ysdKrav;uvnf;[dkwpfaeYuvdk

rif;om;av;&JU qHyifawGudk a&TbD;uav;eJY jzD;ay;aew,f/ rMumcif

rif;om;av; tdyfarmusoGm;a&m/ jyefEdk;vmawmh ief;ysdKrav; r&Sdawmhbl;/

aevnf;0ifaejyD/ tvkyftm;vHk;vnf;jyD;pD;aejyD/ 'DtcsdefrSm pkef;rMuD;vmae

oHudk rif;om;av;Mum;vdkufw,f/ 'gaMumifh acgifrdk;ay:tjrefwufjyD;

[dkem; rdk;vdkuf onfem;rdk;vdkufeJY tvkyfvufpowf[efaqmif&jyefwmaygh/

'gudk pkef;rMuD; jrifawmh]'DtvkyfrsdK;udk rif;wpfa,mufwnf; b,fawmhrS

rvkyfEdkifbl;} vdkY rJh&GJU ajymvdkufw,f/

]cifAsm; xifcsifovdkxif? cifAsm; tultnD wpfjym;om;rSrygbl;

qdkwm &Sif;aew,f r[kwfvm;? uJ 'Dawmh a&cyf? rD;arT;&wJh rdef;rysddK

uav;udk uRefawmf &EkdifjyDxifwmyJ}

pkef;rMuD;u acgif;oGufoGuf ,rf;vdkufw,f/

]r&Edkifao;bl;? tvkyfwpfckusefao;w,f? a[m[dkrSmMunfhvdkufprf;?

xif;&SL;yifMuD; jrif&JUr[kwfvm;? at; tJ'DtyifMuD;ay:rSm usD;odkufwpfodkuf

&Sdw,f? todkufxJrSm OoHk;vHk;&Sdw,f? eufjzefwpf&uftwGif; todkufxJu

OoHk;vHk;pvHk; rtufruGJapbJ wuf,lay;EdkifrS rif;vdkwm&r,f}

xif&SL;yifMuD;u aywpf&mausmfavmufjrifhw,f/ yifpnfuvnf;

zefom;vdk acsmrGwfaeowJh/ wufrjzpfbl;/ avQmavQmuswmaygh/

'DtcsdefrSm ief;ysdKrav; a&mufvmjyefw,f/


]b,fhES,fvJ wuf jzpf&JUvm;}]rjzpfbl;? avQmavQmusaew,f}]'Dvdkjzifh ul&ao;wmaygh &Sif&,f}ief;ysdKrav;u a&Ta&mifqHyifawGudk jzefYcsvdkufw,f/ ajrjyif

xufrSmqHyifawG 0Jaewmaygh/ 'Dtcdkuf ief;ysdKrav;u avudkwrf;wjyD; oDcsif;qdkvdkufw,f/ 'Dawmh avwdkufvmw,f/ wddkufvmwJhavu ief;ysdKrav;&JU qHyifawGudk xif&SL;yifxdyfzsm;ta&muf o,f,loGm;jyD; xif;&SL;udkif;rSm csnfaESmifay;vdkufowJh/ rif;om;uav;[m'DqHyifavSum;udk toHk;jyKjyD; opfyifMuD;ay:wuf? OawGEIduf,ljyD;jyefqif;vmcJhw,f/ ajrjyifay:a&mufwmeJY jyefwdkufvmwJhavuyJopfudkif;u qHyifawGudk jznfay;vdkufw,f/ qHyifawGysH0JusvmawmhrSief;ysdKruav; e*dktwdkif; jyefxHk;xm;vdkufawmhowJh/

]'DusD;OawGudk pkef;rMuD;uawmif;&if ray;vdkufeJYaemf? OawGudkwuf,lolu ydkifw,fvdkY ajymyg? olYtaeeJY vk,lvdkYvnf; &rSm r[kwfygbl;? 'DOawG[m wpfenf;r[kwf wpfenf; toHk;0ifrSmyJvdkY} rSmMum;jyD;ief;ysdKrav; xGufcGmoGm;w,f/

naeapmif;awmh pkef;rBuD; ckefqG ckefqGeJY a&mufvmw,f/rif;om;av;u tyifajc&if;rSm xdkifaew,fav/

]b,fES,fvJ OawG &cJh&JUvm;}]&cJhjyD? a[m'DrSm vufudkify0geJY xkyfwm;w,f? uJ a&cyf rD;arT;&wJh

rdef;rysdKuav;udk &EdkifjyDr[kwfvm;}]&EdkifjyD? ac:oGm;ayawmh? uJ ay; ighOawG}]tdk; cifAsm;OawG r[kwfygbl;? uRefawmfudk,fwdkif wufEIdufcJh&wJh

OawGyJ? ray;Edkifbl;}awmif;r&rSef; pkef;rMuD; odoGm;w,f? 'gaMumifh enf;opfwpfck

oHk;vmw,f? avoHuvnf;aysmhjyD; oumvdkcsdKvmw,f/]uJav &Sdygapawmh? r,lvdkawmhygbl;uG,f? vlav; bmrS

pdwfraumif;rjzpfygeJY? wu,fawmh vlav;[m tarhudk opöm&Sd&Sdwm0efausaus tvkyftauR;jyKay;cJhygjyD/ 'Dawmh vdkcsifwm,ljyD; jyefzdkYyJ&Sdygawmhw,fuG,f? 'gayrJh rjyefcif npmav;awmhpm;vdkufOD; vlav;&JU?tpmr&SdbJ c&D;oGm;vdkY raumif;bl;aemf}


tJ'DvdkajymjyD; pkef;rMuD;u rif;om;av;udk tdrfxJac:oGmw,f/

rif;om;av;udk tdrfa&SUcef;rSm xm;&pfcJhjyD; rD;zdkaqmifxJ0ifw,f? rD;zdkay:rSm

a&tdk;wpfvHk;wnfw,f/jyD;rS tdrft0if0u ausmufwHk;rSm "m;udkaoG;w,f/

rif;om;av;uawmh pkef;rMuD;jyefxGuftvmudk apmifhaeawmh

wmaygh/ 'gayrJh pkef;rMuD;u ay:rvmbl;/ wHcg;acgufoHeJUtwl ay:

vmwmuawmh ief;ysdKrav;yJ/

]vm vm t&Sifhom;?usD;OawGyg wpfygwnf;,lvmcJh? t&Sifhom;udk

owfzdkY pkef;rMuD; "m;aoG;aejyD? a&aEG;tdk;vnf; wnfxm;w,f}


tusdK;taMumif; ajymjy&if; rif;om;av;udk ief;ydsKrav;u

rD;zdkxJac:vmcJhw,f/rD;zdkxJurxGufcif ief;ysdKrav;u ysm;&nfeJYbmvD

ESpfrsdK;a&mpyfjyD; rdef;rysdKwpfa,muf&JU ½kyfxkvkyfw,f/ jyD;oGm;wmeJY

ief;ysdKrav;&JU t0wftpm;awG 0wfay;xm;vdkufw,f/ 'D&kyfwkudk

rD;zdkeJY teD;qHk; wpfaxmifhrsm a&TUxm;cJhjyD; tdrfjyifxGuf? ief;jzLMuD;toGif

ajymif;? rif;om;av;udk ausmay:wufapjyD; pkef;rMuD;eJY a0;&mudk pwif

ysHoef;vmawmhowJh/

pkef;rMuD;uawmh "m;aoG;&if; usef&pfcJhjyD/ "m;aoG;jyD;wJhtcg

tdrfxJjyef0if? rsufpdudktm;ukefjzJjyD; usD;uef;awmif;arSmufMunfh? rif;om;

av;udk rawGYawmhbl;? a'goaxmif;ceJxGufvmx,f? usdwfrEdkifcJr&

jzpfvmw,f? wpftdrfvHk; tESHY&Smw,f? aemufqHk; rD;zdkaqmifxJa&muf

vmw,f/wpfawmifhrSm axmifxm;wJh &kyfxkudk olY uRefrav; xifrSwfjyD;

][Jh aumifr? b,frvJ eifh[dktaumif} vdkY ar;ygava&m/ &kyfwku b,f

ajzEdkifyghrvJ? jyefrajzawmh ydkjyD; a'goxGufwmaygh/

][Jh aumifr? em;yif;aeovm;? igar;aew,fav}

&kyfwku wkwfwkwfrQrvIyf/ 'Dawmh pdwfr&SnfEdkifawmhbJ &kyfwkem;

uyfoGm;jyD;]uJ 'DavmufjzpfvSwm odMua&maygh[,f} vdkY Mudrf;0g;&if;

&kyfwk&JU yg;wpfzufudkjzef;ceJvTJ½dkufvdkufw,f? 'Dawmh &kyfwkyg;rSm

olYvufMuD;uyfoGm;wmaygh/

]tr,f tr,f? eifu ighvufudk qGJcsKyfxm;w,fayghav?

uJ[,fqGJcsKyfcsifOD;}

usefvufeJY xyf&dkufvdkufw,f? 'DvufMuD;vnf; uyfaejyefa&m/

ief;ysdKruav;eJY rif;om;av;wddkYuawmh awmifpOfawmifwef;awG?

csdKifh0Srf;MuD;awG? jrpfMuD;awGay:ausmfjyD; ysHvmvdkufMuwm wpfpwpfpeJY

rif;om;av;wdkif;jynfem; eD;vmMujyD/ tckqdk&if v,fuGif;MuD;awGay:

a&mufaejyD/ 'Dae&mrSm ief;ysdKruav; qif;oufvdkufw,f/ ajrjyifay:

ta&mufrSm usD;OwpfvHk;udk cGJvdkufzdkY rif;om;av;udk ajymw,f/ usD;O

udk cGJvdkufwJhtcgrSm a&Tom;twd aiGom;twdjyD;wJh eeff;awmfuav;


ay:vmw,f/ 'Deef;awmffuav;udk rif;om;uav;u ajrjyifay:csvdkuf

w,f/ tHhMop&myJ/ wjznf;jznf;eJY eef;awmfMuD;jzpfoGm;owJh/

ief;ysdKruav;u aemufwpfOudk cGJcdkif;jyefw,f/ cGJvdkufwJhtcg

EGm;tkyfMuD;awG? odk;tkyfMuD;awG ay:vmjyefw,f/ wwd,Oudk cGJcdkif;wJhtcg

rSmawmh a&TeJY aiG a&mpyfcsKyfvkyfxm;wJh 0wfpHkawG0wfxm;wJh tcdkif;tapawG

ay:vmjyefw,f/

aemufwpfaeYreufrSm rif;om;av;&Jhcrnf;awmfupuf&mjywif;

uae tjyifudk trSwfwrJh vSrf;½Ipm;vdkufw,fqdk&ifyJ crf;em;xnf0gwJh

a&Teef;awmfMuD;udk jrifrdygava&m/ 'Dawmh olY eef;awmfoleef;awmfom;awG

ac:jyD; csufcsif;oGm;Munfhwmaygh/ vrf;rSmvnf; tifrwef 0jzdK;wJhokd;tkyf?

EGm;tkyfawGudk awGUMujyefw,f/ tJ crf;em;wJh a&Teef;awmfMuD;em;ta&mufrSmawmh olUom;awmfi,fav;ukd rxifrSwfbJ awGUvkduf&w,f/bk&ifMuD; 0rf;omoGm;ykHrsm; ajymjyrjzpfEkdifavmufatmifyJwJh/

wpfcsdefwnf;rSmyJ rif;om;av;&JhaemifawmfESpfyg;ujzifh rsufESmrazmf&JMubl;/ a&ikHEkwfydwf qdwfqdwfyJ aeMuw,fav/ olwkdYu a&TopfawmfoD; olckd;ukd rzrf;EkdifMubl; r[kwfvm;/ nDawmfuav;uom zrf;EkdifcJhwmukd;/ aemufjyD; crnf;awmf&Jh wkdif;jynfukdvnf; olwkdYr&EkdifMuawmhbl;qkdwm odaeMuw,fav/

rif;om;av;u 'DtajctaeawGudk odvkdY aemifawmfESpfyg;ukd ESpfodrfhw,f/ olYrSm vkdwmxufawmif ykdaeao;vkdY crnf;awmf&Jh wkdif;jynfukdrtkyfcsKyfyg&apeJYvkdY awmif;yefw,f/

aemufykdif;awmh rif;om;av;eJY ief;ysKdrav;wkdY&Jh vufxyfyGJMuD;crf;crf;em;em; usif;yMuw,f/

pm;zG,f aomufzG,fawG tvQHy,feJY *DwoHawG nHvkdYayghuG,f/

n


ykZGefukdn§yfBuD;ykZGefukdn§yfBuD;ykZGefukdn§yfBuD;ykZGefukdn§yfBuD;ykZGefukdn§yfBuD;

wpfMudrfrSmawmh tavmif;awmf[m awmtkyfwpfckxJu opfyifwpfyifrSmapmifh&wJh ½ku©pkd;oGm;jzpfowJh/ 'Dopfyif[m MumrsKd;pkHwJh uefwpfckem;rSmaygufaew,f/ awm&Jhwpfae&mrSmvnf; ig;awGtrsm;MuD;aewJha&uefi,fwpfck &dSjyefowJh/ &moDOwku odyfyljyif;vmwmrkdY 'Da&uefi,fuav;xJu a&awG[m wjznf;jznf; cef;ajcmufpjyKvmw,f/ wpfaeYrSm'Duefi,fuav;xJu ig;awGudk MudK;MumiSufwpfaumifu jrifoGm;awmhtif; wpfenf;enf;eJY 'Dig;awGudk vSnfhjzm;jyD; pm;&atmif MuHOD;rSyJvkdYawG;vkdufowJh/

tJ tawG;ay:vmjyD;wJh aemufykdif;rSmawmh MudK;MumiSuf[m a&uefem;oGm;xkdifjyD; tBuHxkwfawmhowJh/ ig;awGuvnf; MudK;MumiSufukd jrifw,f/'Dawmh olwkdYu ]toifMudK;MumiSuf bmudpöeJYrsm; 'DrSm vmxkdifae&wmvJ/oifhukd Munfh&wm tawG;a&,OfaMum epfarsmaeykHyJ/ [kwfw,fr[kwfvm;} vkdY ar;vkdufMuw,f/ 'Dawmh MudK;MumiSufu ][kwfw,f?oifwkdYtm;vkH; ta&;udk awG;aerdwmygyJ} vkdY jyefajzw,f/

]tkd toifMudK;MumiSuf? uREkfyfwdkYta&;vm;? vkyfygOD;Asm? b,fvkdawG;aeygvdrfh}

]tif; 'Dvkdav? tckqkd&if 'Da&uefav;xJrSm a&enf;enf;yJ usefawmhw,f r[kwfvm;/ oifwkdY pm;p&mvnf; odyfr&dSawmhbl;/ tyl&dSefuvnf; odyfjyif;vGef;aew,f/ 'gaMumifh oifwkdYbmvkyfMurvJqkdwmusKyf pOf;pm;aewmyJ}

]tif; [kwfyg&Jhaemf? MudK;MumiSuf ajymwJhtwkdif;yJ? ajymygOD;AsmusKyfwkdY bmvkyfMu&if aumif;rvJ}

]at;av? usKyfajymwJhtwkdif; oifwkdY aqmif&GufMur,fqkd&ifawmhoifwkdYukd usKyf EIwfoD;eJY ukdufcsDjyD; vSyom,mwJY uefMuD;wpfuefqDykdYay;Ekdifygw,f/ tJ'D uefMuD;xJrSm MumrsKd;awGvJ pkHw,f}


][m? MudK;MumiSufwpfaumifu EIwfoD;eJY ukdufcsDxm;jyD; ykdYay;

r,fqkdwm uREfkyfwkdY ig;awGtwGuf odyfqef;aeawmhwmyJ? tif;

r[kwfrSvGJa&m? uREkfyfwkdYukd owfpm;zkdY BuHpnfaejyDxifw,f} vkdY r,kHovkd

jyefajymMuowJh/ 'Dawmh MudK;MumiSufu

][m oifwkdYxifovkd r[kwf&ygbl;av? oifwkdYu usKyftay:

,kHMunfrI&dSvm&ifawmif usKyf rpm;ygbl;? ck usKyfajymjywJh a&uefMuD;

wpfuef&dSw,fqkdwm r,kHMu&if rsufjrifukd,fawGUjzpfzkdY usKyfeJY ig;wpfaumif

xnfhvkdufygvm;} vkdY t,HkoGif;w,f/

'Dawmh ig;awGu ,kHMunfvmMua&mwJh/ 'geJY tifrwef xGm;usKdif;jyD;

rsufvkH;wpfzufuef;aewJh ig;MuD;wpfaumifukd xnfhvkdufMuw,f/

'Dig;MuD;[m a&xJrSmjzpfjzpf ukef;ay:rSmjzpfjzpf ta&;BuHKvm&if xufxuf

jrufjruf qkH;jzwfEkdifowJh/

'Dig;MuD;ukd MudK;MumiSufu ukdufcsDjyD; ac:aqmifoGm;w,f/

uefMuD;qDa&mufawmh uefxJcsay;jyD; ueftESHU vkdufjyowJh/ jyD;rS

jyefac:cJhjyD; olUtazmfawGqD tyfw,f/ igMuD;uvnf; tazmfawG

tm;vkH;udk a&uefMuD;&Jh aumif;jcif;t*Fg tjzmjzmawG jyefajymjywmaygh/

ig;awGvnf; odyf0rf;omtm;&jzpfoGm;jyD; MudK;MumiSufukd ]oifhukd uREkfyfwkdY

tjynfht0 ,kHMunfMuygjyD? ac:omoGm;ygawmh} vkdY cGifhjyKvkdufMuw,f/

'DtcgrSm MudK;MumiSufu rsufpdrIefaewJh ig;tkdMuD;wpfaumifukd

t&ifukdufcsDvkdufjyD; olUa&uefta&muf ysHoef;vmcJhowJh/ a&mufvmwJh

tcga&uefem;u opfyifMuD;ay:rSmem;vkdufw,f/ 'gayr,fhig;tkdMuD;udkawmh

a&uefxJrcsawmhbJ opfyifcGMum;rSm csvkdufowJh/ aemufawmh EIwfoD;eJY

aygufowfvkdufjyD; tom;awGudk pm;w,f/ t½kd;awGudkawmh opfyif&if;

ypfcsxm;jyD;rS ig;awG&Jh uefav;qD ysHvmjyefw,f/ a&mufwmeJY

]uJ ig;tkdMuD;udkawmh usKyf ykdYxm;cJhjyD/ wpfaumif xyfydkYay;OD;r,f?

vkdufr,fhaumif vmcJhayawmh} vkdY ac:owJh/

MudK;MumiSuf[m 'Denf;twkdif; wpfaumifjyD;wpfaumif ac:oGm;jyD;

pm;vkdufwm aemufqkH;wpfacguf jyefvmac:awmh uefav;xJrSm ig;

wpfaumifrS rusefawmhbl;wJh/ 'gayr,fh ykpGefwpfaumifawmh &dSaeao;w,f


qkdyJ/ MudK;MumiSufu tif; olYvnf; ig pm;&r,fvkdYawG;jyD; ykpGefukd

vSrf;ac:vkdufowJh/

]'DrSm toifykpGef? 'DuefxJu ig;awGtm;vkH;udk ukdufcsDjyD;

tifrwef vSyom,mwJh uefMuD;wpfckxJ usKyf ykdYay;cJhygjyD/ oifhukdvnf;

ykdYay;ygOD;r,f? uJ vkdufcJhayawmh}

]aMomf [kwfuJh [kwfuJh/ 'geJY oifu uREfkyfukd b,fykH b,fenf;

o,faqmifoGm;rSmygvdrfh? wqdwf ajymjyygOD;av}

]tkd tvG,fav;yg? EIwfoD;eJY oifhudk ukdufcsDoGm;rSmaygh}

][m tJ'Dvkdom ac:oGm;&if vGwfusrSmaygh? rjzpfbl;? rjzpfbl;?

awmfygjyD MudK;MumiSuf&,f? oifeJY uREkfyf rvkdufvkdawmhygbl;}

'Dtcg MudK;MumiSufu ]'Davmufvnf; pkd;&drfraeygeJY toifykpGef?

wpfvrf;vkH; oifhukd usKyfu NrJNrJMuD; ukdufcsDxm;rSmyg}vkdY r& &atmif

qG,fawmhowJh}/

'DvkdqG,fawmh ykpGefu awG;w,f/ tif; 'Dowå0g[m ig;awG olU

EIwfoD;xJa&mufwmeJY a&uefxJcsay;zkdY pOf;pm;awmhrSm r[kwfbl;/

at;av olajymwJhtwkdif; ighudk [kda&uefMuD;xJta&muf wu,fom

ykdY&ifawmh ightwGuf odyfaumif;aygh/ [if; 'DvkdrS r[kwfbJ rvdrfhwpfywf

vkyf&ifawmhvm; olUvnfyif;udk n§yfypfvkdufr,f/

tJ'Dvkd awG;jyD;rS ]'DrSm rdwfaqGMudK;Mum&Jh wu,fawmh oifu

uREkfyfukd NrJNrJrukdufcsDEkdifygbl;/ uREkfyfwkdY ykpGefawG[m n§yfwJhae&mrSmjzifh

odyfemrnfMuD;wm? rdwfaqG odygw,f/ 'Dawmh oifhvnfyif;ukd uREkfyf

vufawGeJY n§yxm;jyD; vdkdufcGifhjyKr,fqkd&ifawmh uREkfyf 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om

vkdufygr,f} vkdY jyefajymvkdufw,f/

trSefawmh MudK;MumiSufudk ausmzkdY ykpGefu MuHpnfwmyJ? 'gayrJh

MudK;MumiSufcrsm r&dyfrd&Smbl;/ 'gaMumifh vG,fvifhwulyJ oabmwlvkduf

owJh/ tJ oabmvnf;wla&m ykpGef[m MudK;MumiSufvnfyif;udk yef;yJq&m

n§yfn§yfykHrsKd;eJY pGJpGJNrJNrJ n§yfxm;awmhowJh/ jyD;rS ]uJ ysHaya&mh rdwfaqG

MuD;a&} vkdY ajymvkdufw,f/


MudK;MumiSufvnf; o,faqmifoGm;jyD; uefMuD;udk jyw,f/ aemuf

awmh opfyifMuD;bufysHzkdY vSnfhvkduffowJh/ 'Dtcg ykpGefu

][J [J OD;av;MuD; MudK;MumiSuf&,f/ b,fvkdvkyfwmvJ cifAsm/

a&uefMuD;u [kdbufrSmaem? 'gayrJh OD;av;MuD;uawmh uREkfyfudk 'Dbuf

ac:vmygvm;}

]aMomf a[mf a[mf &Sif;ygw,f ykpGefav;&m? tif; ckeu rif;

usKyfukd ac:vkdufykHujzifh rif;[m usKyf&Jh wluav; jzpfoGm;jyD;aemf/ tJ'g

vnf; usKyftxifawmh usKyf[m rif;&Jhaus;uRefjzpfw,fqkdwm usKyf

&dyfrdoGm;atmif &nf&G,fajymvkdufwmyJ/ bmaMumifhvnf; qkdawmh usKyfu

rif;ukd rjyD; o,faqmifvm&ayoukd;? bmyJjzpfjzpfav rif; &Sif;&Sif;uav;

odoGm;&atmif a[m[kd opfyif&if;u ig;½kd;ykHMuD;udkom vSrf;Munfhvkduf

ayawmh/ [J[J tJ'D ig;awGtm;vkH;ukd pm;ypfvkdufovkd rif;udkvnf;

usKyfpm;&vdrfhr,f}}

]][m; [m; [m; 'Dvkdukd;? 'DrSmMudK;MumiSuf ig;awGuawmh rkdufrJ

vkdY tpm;cHMu&wmAs/ 'gayr,fh uREkfyfuawmh ig;awGvkd rrkdufrJbl;av/

'Dawmh oifhtpm; rcHbl;/ oifhudk pm;cGifh ray;Ekdifbl;/ 'DrSm MudK;MumiSuf

oifhudk pm;cGifhray;wJhtjyif oifhudkuREkfyf okwfoifypf&vdrfhr,f/ tif;

wu,fawmh todÓPfacgif;yg;vGef;vSwJh toifMudK;MumiSuf[m y&d,m,f

eJY tEkdifykdif;zkdY uREkfyf&JhtMuHÓPfudk r&dyfrd&SmbJukd;/ 'DrSm MudK;MumiSuf&Jh? ck

ta&;u ao&ifESpfOD;pvkH; aorSmyJ/ uREkfyfuvnf; oihfvnfyif;ukd

n§yfjzwfvkdufjyD; ajrjyifay:ypfusrSmukd;As} vkdYajymjyD; ykpGef[m MudK;Mum

iSuf vnfyif;ukd jyKwfwleJYn§yfvkdufovkd wpfcsuf n§yfypfvkdufowJh/

'Dawmh MudK;MumiSuftoufr½SLEkdifawmhbl;/ emvGef;vkdY rsuf&nf

aygufMuD;rsm;awmif xGufusvmw,f/ wpfukd,fvkH;vJ wqwfqwf

wkefaew,f/ b,fvkdrS rcHEkdifawmhwJhtqkH;rSm ]tkd usKyf&Jht&Sif oifhudk

pm;zkdYr&nf&G,f½kd;trSefyg/ toufcsrf;omay;ygt&Sif} vkdY awmif;yefawmh

owJh/

'Dawmh ykpGefu ] aumif;jyD? oif a&uefbufysHqif;jyD; uRekfyfukd

a&uefxJ csay;yg} vkdY cyfrmrm jyefajymvkdufw,f/


ykpGefajymwJhtwkdif; MudK;MumiSufu a&uefbufysHxGufcJhjyD; urf;pyfu

&TGHUjyifay:rSm ykpGefudk csay;vkdufw,f/ 'gayr,fh ykpGefuawmh MudK;MumiSufudk

csrf;omray;awmhbl;/ usL½kd;ukd om;vSD;"m;xufxufeJY wdceJ jzwfvkduf

ovkd MudK;MumiSufvnfyif;udk n§yfjzwfcsvkdufw,f/ jyD;rS a&uefxJ

qif;oGm;awmhowJh/

'Dxl;qef;vSwJh tjcif;t&mudk ½ku©pkd;b0a&mufaewJh tavmif;awmf

u jrifvkduf&wJhtcg O'gef;usL;&ifhawmfrlw,f/ tavmif;awmf&Jh O'gef;

usL;&ifhoH[mvnf; wpfawmvkH; yJhwifxyfoGm;awmhowJh/ wpfjydKifwnf;rSmyJ tavmif;awmfu om,mcsKdat;wJhtoHeJY vuFmwpfyk'fukd wD;wkd;&Gwfqkdvkdufao;owJh/

pOf;vJol[mtaumufÓPft&mrSm omayr,fhol[mxufjrufwJh uvdrfÓPfeJYvSnfhpm;jzm;a,mif;wJhae&mrSmrkcstom&csif &ayvdrfhr,f/okdYayr,faemufqkH;awmh?ykpGefausmhuGif;oufqif;&wJhMudK;MumiSufxkH;omoufcEmqkH;&rSm rvGJyg/

n


ta&NcHKwkdYoGm;&mvrf;ta&NcHKwkdYoGm;&mvrf;ta&NcHKwkdYoGm;&mvrf;ta&NcHKwkdYoGm;&mvrf;ta&NcHKwkdYoGm;&mvrf;

Am&mPoDjynfrSm jA[®'wfrif;MuD; pkd;pHtkyfcsKyf rif;vkyfaecsdefaygh/tavmif;awmf[mvnf; v,form;rdom;pkrSm 0ifpm; zGm;ajrmufvmw,f/tavmif;awmf t&G,fa&mufvmawmh v,fxGefjyD; toufarG;&owJh/

tJ'DtcsdefrSmyJ ukefonfwpfOD;[m ukefawGudk jrnf;eJYwifjyD; wpf&Gm0ifwpf&GmxGuf vSnfhvnfa&mif;csaew,f/ &Gmwpf&GmrSm pcef;cswkdif;'Dukefonf[m jrnf;ay:u ukefukdcs/ jrnf;ukd jcaoFha&NcHKay;jyD; rka,mcif;xJvTwfay;vkdufavh &dSowJh/ v,fapmifhawGu jrnf;ukd jrifayr,fh jcaoFhrSwfjyD;tem;ruyf&JMubl;/

'DvkdeJYyJ ukefonf[m c&D;qufcJhjyefw,f/ rMumcif &Gmwpf&Gma&mufvmjyefawmh cPwpfjzKwfem;jyD; eHeufpm csufw,f/ cgwkdif;vkdyJjrnf;ukd jcaoFha&NcHKay;jyD; v,fuGif;xJ vTwfxm;jyefwmaygh/ wjcm;&Gmuv,fapmifhawGuvnf; jcaoFhrSwfjyD; ruyf&JMubl;av/ 'geJY olwdkY[m&GmxJajy;oGm;jyD; tusKd;taMumif; ajymjyMuwmaygh/ 'Dawmh &Gmom;awGuvufeufrsKd;pkHukdifpGJjyD; ajy;xGufvmcJhMuw,f/

wcsKdUu c½koif;awG pnfawG ,lvmMuowJh/ olwkdY[m jrnf;pm;aewJh v,fuGif;em;vnf;a&mufMua&m c½koif;awGrIwf? pnfawGwD;?wcsKdUu atmfMu [pfMu? vSefYoHay;Mu? jrnf;[m 'DtoHawGMum;awmhjyefatmfowJh/ 'gayr,fh jcaoFhoH xGufrvmbJ jrnf;oHyJ xGufvmw,f/


'Dawmh jcaoFha&NcHKxm;wJh jrnf;rSef; &Gmom;awG odoGm;Muwmaygh/tavmif;awmf v,form;uvnf; 'DjrifuGif;eJYjzpf&yfudk jrifawGU&owJh/'gaMumifh yxruAsmudk &GwfqkdvkdufawmhowJh/

xkdtoHum;jcaoFhESifh usm;? usm;opfrsm;&Jh[def;oHr[kwf/jcaoFha&NcHKxm;onfhjrnf;,kwf\atmfoHtrSefyifjzpfaeygayghuvm;/

tJ'Dvkd tjzpfrSefodoGm;awmh &GmoGm;awG[m jrnf;ukd t½kd;awGusKd;atmif ½kdufESufMuowJh/ jrnf;ausmukef;ay:u jcaoFha&ukdvnf;cGmcsypfvkdufowJh/ tJ'DtcsdefrSm jrnf;&Sifukefonf a&mufvmw,f/ukefonf[m jrnf;&Jhtjzpfqkd;ukd jrifvkduf&wJhtcg odyfoem;oGm;owJh/0rf;enf; yufvufvnf; jzpfoGm;wmaygh/ 'DjrifuGif;udk awGUawmh tavmif;awmf v,form;u 'kwd,uAsmudk &GwfqkdvkdufjyefowJh/


jcaoFh NcHKvm&wmESpfumvMumjyDjzpfwJh jrnf;txifMuD;jyD; rka,mcif;0iftpm;&Gmom;awG vSefYoHMum;awmhravQmhbJ wpfcsufatmfay:vmawmh jrnf;toHjcaoFh[ef uGmtus&Gmom;awG &JvmjyD;toD;oD;0kdif;½kduftonf;ckdufatmif emusifb0yifysufyga&m/

jrnf;tjzpfukd tavmif;awmfu a&&GwfvkYdrS rqkH;cif jrnf;[mAkef;Akef;vJjyD; aoGyGJ0ifoGm;awmhowJh/

n


,lvpD&J hc&D;Murf;rsm;,lvpD&J hc&D;Murf;rsm;,lvpD&J hc&D;Murf;rsm;,lvpD&J hc&D;Murf;rsm;,lvpD&J hc&D;Murf;rsm;

xa&mf*sefppfyGJ jyD;oGm;awmh q,fESpf q,frkd; xdef;odrf;cHxm;&muraoraysmuf usef&pfcJhMuwJh *&dol&Jaumif;awG? *&d rif;nDrif;om;awG[molwkdYtrdajrukd &GufvTifhjyefcJhMuw,f/ tjyefc&D;rSm tcsKdUu xl;jcm;qef;jym;vGef;wJh pGefYpm;rIawGeJY BuHKqkHMu&vkdY ESpftawmfMumwJhwkdiftrdajrukd jyefra&mufEkdifMubl;/

tjyefc&D;rSm tJ'DvkdMuefYMumaeolawGteuf emrnftausmfMum;qkH;uawmh ],lvpD} yJ jzpfw,f/ ol[m xa&mf*sefppfyGJumvtwGif;rSmowådajymifjyD; MuD;us,fcrf;em;vSwJh ol tBuHÓPf? olU tpDtpOfawGaMumifh aemufqkH;rSm *&dawG atmifyGJcHEkdifcJhwmyJ/ tifrwefckdifrmawmifhwif;wJh x½dGKifjrdKUwGif;udk jrif;½kyfMuD;eJY 0ifEkdifatmif pdwful;pDpOfcJhwmvnf;olyJ r[kwfvm;/

ppfyGJjyD;oGm;jyDqkdawmh ,lvpDvnf; ]tkdifomum} ukdjyefcsifwmyJaygh/tJ'DvkdjyefrSvJ olUZeD;acsm ]yDeDavmh} eJY om;i,fav; ]w,fvDrufcsL} ukdawGU&awmhrSmukd;/ ol[m olUrdwfaqGawGudk jyefpk½kH;jyD; vGefcJhwJh q,fESpfuolwkdY tokH;jyKcJhMuwJh avSMuD;eJY jyefzkdYpDpOfw,f/ ol acgif;aqmifjyD;&GufvTifhvmwJh c&D;wpfavQmufrSm acsmacsmarmarmjzpfcJhwm odyfudk &Sm;w,f/uHqkd;rkd;arSmifuscJh&wJh aeY&ufawGyJ rsm;w,f/ 'gaMumifhvJ q,fESpfMumawmhrS trdajrudk jyefa&mufMuwmaygh/


tjyefc&D; pjyDqkduwnf;u aMumufp&m rkefwkdif;MuD;eJY wkd;awmh

wmyJ/ rkefwkdif;'PfaMumifh avSMuD;[m ajrmuf<uvl;vdrfhaew,f/ ,drf;xkd;

aew,f/ arsmcsif&marsm a&mufcsif&ma&muf a&mufaew,f/ b,fvkdrSukd

xdef;r&awmhbl;/ vrf;aMumif;aysmufoGm;wJh avSMuD;[m wpfcsdefusawmh

olwkdYrodwJh uRef;MuD;wpfuRef;em; a&mufoGm;w,f/ avSay:ygwJhvltm;vkH;

rl;aemufaeMuwmrkdY olwkdYu uRef;ay:wuf tem;,lvkdufcsifw,f/

uRef;uvnf; wu,fhukd om,mw,f/ t&dyftm0go aumif;wJh

awmifwef;awG &dSw,f/ aea&mifxkd;aewJh awmifcg;yef;awG 'Dawmifcg;yef;

awGrSm wvufvuf wzswfzswf jzmqif;aewJh prf;acsmif;av;awG/

opfyifawGay:rSmvnf; a&mifrsKd;pkHwJh iSufawGu wusDusDwpmpm aw;oDMu

vkdY/ b,fae&m Munfhvkduf Munfhvkduf a&mifpkHyef;awGudk jrifMu&w,f/

opfoD;MuD;awG rSnfh0if;aevkdufwmrsm; Munfhr0Ekdifp&myJ/

]uJ bmyJjzpfjzpf 'D uRef;ay:wuf tyef;ajzMur,f/ usKyfwkdYwpfawG

aocsifavmufatmifudk yifyef;aejyD/ tm;vnf; ukefaeMujyD}

,lvpDu avSorm;awG uRef;ay:rwufapcsifbl;/tkdifumom

eJYvnf; tawmhfukd a0;aeao;w,fvkdY ol xifw,f/ aemufjyD; uRef;u

bmuRef;rSef;vJ rodbl;/ om,mvSywm rSefayr,fh uRef;taMumif; bmrS

rodxm;wJhtwGuf tEÅ&m,fjzpfEkdifw,fvkdY olu &Sif;jyw,f/

olYtazmfawGu vufrcHMubl;/ em;r0ifMubl;/ uRef;ay:wufMu

w,f/ aea&mifxkd;aewJh awmifcg;yef;awGay: vSnfhvnfMuw,f/

at;jrwJh csKdifh0Srf;MuD;awGxJqif;jyD; 0if;rSnfhaewJh opfoD;awG cl;pm;Muw,f/

prf;a&at;udk wpf0MuD; aomufMuw,f/

,lvpDuawmh vkdufroGm;bl;/ avSay:rSmyJ usef&pfcJhw,f/

olYpdwfu yDeDavmhqD tNrJa&mufaeavawmh tjrefqkH; jyefcsifaew,f/

'gayr,fh tazmfawGu jyefrqif;vmMuao;bl;/'Dawmhvnf;onf;cHapmifhae

&wmyJaygh/

'Dtcdkuf ewfbk&m;rsm;&JU ajcjrefawmf]rmusL&D} olYab;rSm ½kwfw&uf

ay:vmw,f/ r[mewfbk&m;r ]rDemAm}u vTwfvdkufvdkY a&mufvmcJhwm

av/ rDemAmu ol&Jaumif; ,lvpDudk tjrJwrf; rsufESmomay; ulnD

cJhw,f r[kwfvm;/


rmusL&Du ]'DuRef;ay:rSm oifwdkY tEÅ&m,f½Sdw,fvdkY ynm&Sif

ewfzk&m;ru ajymcdkif;vdkufw,f? 'DuRef;ay:u vSywJh opfoD;awG?

yef;awG[m Mumyef;eJY qufEG,faewmcsnf;yJ? 'gaMumifh 'Dyef;awG?

toD;awGudk pm;rdolwdkif; olwdkYtdrf,m? olwdkYom;orD;? olwdkYEdkifiHudk

csufcsif;arhoGm;Muw,f? tdyfcsifvmw,f? pdwful;,Ofvmw,f? wu,f

awmh 'DuRef;[m ] arhapwJhMumyif } aygufwJhuRef;? tJ'D arhapwJhMumyif

u Mumyef;awGudk pm;oHk;MuwJh ]Mumyef;pm;olrsm;} aexdkif&muRef;yJ/

olwdkY[m bmtvkyfrS rvkyfMubl;? *kPfodu©mqdkwmudkvnf;em;rvnf

Mubl;? wpfaeukefpm;vdkufMu? aomufvkdufMueJJY tESpfrJhaysmfp&mawGxJrSm

epfjrKyfaeMuolawGyJ jzpfw,f} vdkY &Sif;jyw,f/

,lupD odyfpdk;&drfoGm;w,f/ oleJYtwlusef&pfcJholawGudk uRef;ay:

csufcsif;vTwfw,f/ uRef;ay:wufoGm;MuolawGudk r& &atmif jyefac:cJhzdkY

rSmvdkufw,f/

tif; [kwfwmaygh/ ajcjrefawmf ]rmusL&D} ajymwJhtwdkif;ygyJ/

jyefac:r,fholawG uReff;ay:a&mufoGm;Muawmh t&ifwufoGm;MuwJholawG

txJu tawmfrsm;rsm;[m arSmfoD; arSmfyef;awG pm;xm;jyD;MujyDrdkY

idkufjrnf;aeMujyD/ tm;vHk;udk arhaeMujyD/ olwdkY[m 'DuRef;ay:rSmyJ

qufaecsifMuyHk aygufaeMujyD/ pdwful;,OfrqHk; jzpfaeMuyHkay:aeMujyD/

'Dawmh jyefac:zdkY tcufMuHK&jyDaygh/ wcsdKUqdk&if twif;½kef;xGufjyD; Mum

yef;awGpm;zdkY ajy;oGm;Muw,f/ wcsdKUuawmh vwfqwfwJhyifv,favudk

½SL½Idufvdkuf&vdkY Mumyif&Jhtmedoifu wjznf;jznf;jy,foGm;jyD; owddjyefvnf

vmw,f/

tifrwefYudk cufcufcJcJyifyifyef;yef; MudK;pm;ac:rS avSorm;awG

tm;vHk; avSMuD;ay: jyefa&mufvmawmhw,f/ 'DuRef;em;rSm MumMum

qufrae0HhawmhvdkY avSMuD;udk uRef;u tjrefqHk;cGmcJhMuawmhw,f/

olwdkkYwpfawG vaygif;rsm;pGm yifyifyef;yef; &GufvTifhcJhMuwJh

wpfaeYrSm ]ppfpvD} uRef;urf;ajcem; a&mufvmMuw,f/ 'Dae&mrSm

]qdkifuvkyf} vdkY ac:wJh aMumufp&mbDvl;MuD;awG &Sdw,f/ tifrwefYudk

½dkif;pkdif;MuwJh bDvl;awG[m odk;ausmif;om;awGtjzpfeJY at;at;csrf;csrf;


aexdkifMuayr,fh olwddkYurf;ajcem; a&mufvmolwkdif;udkawmh b,fawmhrS

tvGwfray;bl;/ pm;ypf 0g;ypfMuwmcsnf;yJ/

tck ,lvpDwdkY avSMuD; olwdkY urf;ajcem;a&mufvmawmh qdkif

uvkyf awG&Jh bk&if ] ykdvDzD;rwf } u ,lvpDeJY taz:awGtm;vHk;udk

zrf;jyD; *lMuD;wpfckxJ xnfhydwfxm;vdkufw,f/ *laygufudkawmh ausmuf

wHk;MuD;eJY ydwfxm;w,f/

ydkvDzD;rwf[m naeus&if odk;awGudk *lMuD;xJarmif;oGif;jyD;wmeJY

zrf;xm;wJh vlawGxJu ESpfa,mufudk vSrf;qGJudkufpm;ypfw,f/ reufus

awmh odk;awGudk wpfaumifcsif; a&wGuf? jyefxkwf? *l0udkausmufwHk;MuD;eJY

ydwfjyD; wpfaeukef odk;ausmif;zdkY xGufoGm;wwfw,f/

bDvl;MuD;xGufoGm;awmhrS xdwfvefYacsmufcsm;aeMuwJh olY vlpkudk

,lvpDu tpDtpOfwpfck ajymjyw,f/ 'DtpDtpOfudk bDvl;MuD; ydkvDzD;rwf

*lMuD;xJjyefta&mufrSm pwiftaumiftxnfaz:Muw,f/

,lvpDu ygvmwJht&ufjyif;awG bDvl;MuD;udkwdkufw,f/ bDvl;MuD;

tMudKufawGUjyD; tukefarmhawmhwmaygh/ t&ufrl;vmawmh bDvl;MuD;

tmoGufvmw,f/ emrnfawGar;vmw,f/ tjrJwrf;tMuHxkwfaewwfwJh

ol&Jaumif;MuD; ,lvpDu emrnfrSefrajymyJ ]vlr[kwf} vdkY ajzw,f/

rMumcif rD;zdkem;rSmyJ bDvl;MuD; wacgacg tdyfarmusoGm;awmhw,f/

'Dawmh ,lupDeJY tazmfawGu MudKwifjyifqifxm;wJh oHcRefylylMuD;eJY

bDvl;MuD;&JU wpfvHk;wnf;aomrsufvHk;MuD;udk xdk;azmufypfvdkufMuw,f/

ydkkvdzD;rwf emvGef;vkdY jcaoFhwpfaumifatmfovdk atmfvdkufw,f/ wjcm;

qdkifuvkyfawG olYtoHMum;awmh *lem;0dkif;vmMuwmaygh/

olwdkYu ]b,fol&efjyKaevdkYvJ} vdkY tjyifu vSrf;ar;w,f/

'Dawmh ydkvDzD;rwf u vlr[kwfvdkY vSrf;atmfvdkufw,f/

wjcm;bDvl;awGu &efjyKrnfholr&dSbl;vdkYrSwf,ljyD; jyefxGufoGm;

Muw,f/

aemufreufusawmh rsufuef;bDvl;MuD; ydwfxm;wJh *l0em;ta&muf

vl;vdrfhoGm;jyD; ausmufwHk;udk zGifhw,f/ odk;awGudk wpfaumifcsif;a&xkwf

w,f/ rsufpdrjrifawmh odk;ausmufukef;udk vufMuD;eJY oyfoyfjyD;

a&wGufae&wmaygh/


'gbm ,lvpDwdkYtwGuf tuGufyJ? tcsdefaumif;yJ/ ,lvpDu

tazmfawGudk ]uJ odk;awG AdkufatmufrSm cdkwGJjyD; xGufMupdkY&JU} vdkY ajym

vkdufw,f/ odk;awGu odyfudk MuD;xGm;Muawmh 'Dvdk Adkufatmuf0ifcdkwGJvdkY

jzpffwmaygh/'D enf;aumif;eJY bDvklMuD;rodapyJ olwdkYtm;vHk; *lxJu

vGwfajrmufvmcJhw,f/

tjyifa&mufwmeJY urf;ajcta&muf wpfcsdK;wnf;vpfMuw,f/

avSMuD;ay: tjrefwufMuw,f/ tm;vHk;pHkwmeJY urf;u csufcsif;cGmvdkuf

Muw,f/

vloH oloHawG? avS&JU t½SdefaMumifh ay:vmwJha&oHawGMum;awmh

ydkvDzD;rwfu rjrifprfprf;eJY urf;ajcbufajy;vkddufvmjyD; ausmufwHk;MuD;

awGeJY &rf;orf;ypfao;w,f/

ausmufwHk;MuD;awGu avSMuD;udkausmfjyD; [dk;yifv,fxJ 0kef;ceJ

0kef;ceJ ususoGm;w,f/ wpfvHk;ESpfvHk;avmufom avSMuD;em;usvmw,f/

'Dawmhvnf; a&rTma&yef;awG jzmwufoGm;wmuvGJvdkY avSMuD; bmtxd

tcdkufrS r&Sdbl;/

tckawmh olwdkYwpfawG tEÅ&m,feJYa0;&m a&mufvmcJhjyDaygh/

'gayrJh wpfaeYrSm rkefwdkif;MuD;usvmvdkY vrf;aMumif;aysmufoGm;jyefw,f/

xdef;rEdkif odrf;r&wJh olwdkYavSMuD; arsmcsif&marsm? ygcsif&mygae&mu

]at;tdkif,m;} uRef;em; a&mufoGm;Muw,f/ 'DuRef;udkvnf; olwdkY

rodMubl;/ bmyJjzpfjzpf 'Dwpfcgawmh ,lvpD udk,fwdkifu avSMuD;udk

urf;eJYteD;qHk; a&mufatmif uyfcdkif;w,f/ jzpfEdkif&if aomifjyifay:txd

qGJwifjyD; avSMuD;udk aevSef;xm;zdkYajymw,f/ 'DtcdkufrSm olwdkYtm;vHk;

at;csrf;om,mwJh uReff;wpfae&mrSm em;Mur,faygh/

aemufwpfaeYusawmh uRef;taMumif;od&atmif ,lvpD u csifhcsdef

pOf;pm;jyD; vlpkcGJw,f/ ],l½dkif;avmcsyf} acgif;aqmifwJhvlpku 'DuRef;ay:rSm

aeMuolawGtaMumif; odatmifvkyfzdkY usefwpf0ufuawmh oleJYtwl

avSMuD;udk apmifhMuyfzdkYyJ/

,l½dkif;avmcsyfwdkY olpk[m uRef;&JUtwGif;buftxd oGm;a&muf

avhvmMuw,f/ 'DuRef;[m Mumyef;pm;olrsm; aexdkif&muRef;xuf


trsm;MuD; ydkvSaew,f/ ydkom,maew,f/ vl&dyffvlajcawmh rawGYMu&bl;/

avhvmp&mawG ukefavmufawmh olwdkYvlpk jyefvSnfhMuw,f/ 'DtcsdefrSmyJ

wpfae&mu uGif;jyifMuD;wpfckudk ½kwfw&uf vSrf;jrifvdkufMuw,f/

uGif;jyifMuD;&JU tv,frSmawmh a&mifpHkausmufwHk;tacsmawGeJY aqmufxm;

wJh tcrf;em;qHk;?tvSyqHk; eef;awmfMuD;wpfck½Sdaew,f/ a&mifpHkausmufwHk;

awGaMumifh aejcnftusrSm eef;awmfMuD;wpfckvHk; jydK;jydK;jyufjyuf ta&mif

awG jzmxGufaew,f/ olwdkYpdwfxif jrifzl;cJhorQ eef;awmfawGxJrSmawmh

tck jrifae&wJh eef;awmfMuD;[m tvSqHk;? tcrf;em;qHk;yJ/

'gayrJh wpfckxl;wmu tapmifhtMuyfwdkY? tapcHwdkYudk rawGU&bl;/

eeff;awmfwpf0dkufrSm vSnfhvnfoGm;vmaeMuwJh jcaoFhMuD;awG? 0HykavGawG

0uf0HawG? acG;awGeJY tjcm;owÅ0gawGudkyJ awGYMu&w,f/ aemufwpfck

xl;ao;w,f/ tckvSrf;awGUae&wJh wd&pämefawG[m trSefawmh odyf½dkif;

wJh wd&pämefrsKd;awG/'gayrJh olwdkYu r½dkif;bl;/ &efrlrnfhyHkvnf;rjyMubl;/

,Of,Ofav; oGm;vmvIyf&Sm;aeMuw,f/ olwd k YrsufvH k;awGrSm

0rf;enf;&dyfawG ay:aeovdkyJ/olwdkYu vlpdrf;udk &efrvdkwJhtjyifcifcifrifrif

MudKqdkaewJhyHkawmif jyaeMuao;w,f/

eef;awmfMuD;eJY tajctaet&yf&yfudk tuJcwfzdkY olwdkYvlpkk

eef;awmfMuD;em; owdxm;uyfvmMuw,f/ a[m em;axmifprf;/ tifrwef

om,mcsdKat;wJh aw;oHygvm;/ eef;awmfMuD;xJu vTifhysHUvmwmyJ/

olwdkYtm½Hkpdkuf em;axmifMuw,f/ *DwoHu tawmf hudk nufwmyJ/

aw;oH&Sif&JUtoHu olwdkY&ifrSm jidaew,f/ eef;awmfMuD;xJ0ifMunfhcsif

pdwfawG ay:vmw,f/ aw;oH&Sifudk jrifcsifaeMuw,f/

wu,fawmh olwdkYvlpk ckvdk cHpm;aeMu&wmu wjcm;aMumifh

r[kwfbl;/ 'Deef;awmfMuD;[m jyKpm;wwfolav;]qdkif;&pf}&JU eef;awmfMuD;

jzpfaevdkUyJ/ qdkif;&pf[m olr&JU toHeJY tvSudk Aef;jyjyD; vlowÅ0gawGudk

ñIdYiifcJhw,f/ eef;awmfMuD;xJ0ifvmrdwJh tñdIYcHrSeforQudk om;&Jwd&pämefawG

tjzpf jyKpm;vdkufw,f/ apmapmu jrifawGcJh&wJh wd&pämefawGtm;vHk;[m

jyKpm;cHxm;&wJholawGyJ/


tckvnf; olYeef;awmfMuD;em; om;aumiftopfawG csOf;uyfvmaejyD

qdkwm arSmfynmeJYodxm;vdkufjyD/'gaMumifh tqdkeJYtwD;udk csufcsif;&yfjyD;

MudKqdkzdkY xGufvmcJhw,f/

qdkif;&pfu vSvGef;w,f/ tjyHK;u ñdIU,l EdkifvGef;w,f/ toHu

csKdomvGef;w,f/ 'Dawmh olwdkYvlpk olr ñIdY"mwfatmuf csufcsif;a&mufoGm;

Muw,f/ ESpfcg rzdwfac:&bl; eef;awmfMuD;xJ0ifzdkY wuJuJvkyfaeMujyD/

,l½kdif;avmhcsyfu rsuf&dyfrsufjcnfjyxm;w,f/ r&bl;/ ,l½dkif;avmhcsyf

uawmh tm;i,fyHkrsKd;eJY ,Of,Ofav; oGm;vmvIyf&Sm;aeMuwJh wd&pämef½dkif;

awGudk jrifuwnf;u oHo,awG 0ifcJhw,f/ tppowdxm;cJhw,f/

taz:awGu awG;aMumufaew,fxifjyD; ,l½dkif;avmhcsyfudkawmif

avSmifMuao;w,f/ jyD;rS olwdkYwpfawG eefawmfMuD;xJ waysmfwyg;

0ifoGm;Muw,f/ olwdkYtwGuf pm;aumif;aomufzG,fawG tvQHy,f

jyiffqifxm;w,f/ qdkif;&pfuvnf; ÓPfeD ÓPfeufawGoHk;jyD; pm;Muyg

aomufMuygvdkY azmfazmfa&Ga&G ysLysLiSmiSm wwGwfwGwfajymaeMuw,f/

{nfhonfawG jrdef&nf&Suf&nfpm;aeMuwmudk MunfhjyD; qdkif;&pf odyfauseyf

aew,f/at;av auseyfoifhygw,f/'Dom;aumiftopfawGu olr

ñdIY"mwfatmuf tvG,fav; a&mufvmMuwmudk;/

uJ 'Dvlpk w0wjyJpm;vdkY jyD;MuygjyD/ qdkif;&pf trlt&mawGvnf;

csufcsif;ajymif;oGm;ygjyD/ aMumufp&maumif;atmif vSoGm;jyD/ xdwfp&m

aumif;atmif jyHK;aejyD/ vefYp&maumif;atmif csdKomaejyD/ qdkif;&pf[m

aumif;aumif;MuD;pm;aomufxm;MuwJh 'Dvlpkacgif;xufrSm aq;MudrfvHk;udk

a0SY,rf;jyD; tifrwef cufxefrmausmwJhtoHeJY ]uJ tpm;usL;wJhvlawG

0ufb0a&mufMuayawmh? a[m[dk 0ufusif;[m eifwdkYtdrfyJ} vdkY

atmfajymvdkufx,f/

csufcsif;yJ olwdkY 0ufb0ajymif;oGm;Muw,f/ olwdkYudk 0ufusif;xJ

armif;xkwfvdkufawmh 0ufusif;xJrSmyJ aeMu&awmhw,f/ tarG;xlxleJY

tusnf;weft½kyfqdk;vSwJh yHkoP²mefawGajymif;oGm;ayr,fh vlYpdwfraysmuff

Muao;vdkY olwdkY tawmhfudkcHpm;aeMu&w,f? wu,fawmh b,folrjyK


rdrdrIqdkovdk olwdkYudk,fwdkif&JUtjyKtrlawGaMumifh 'Dtjzpfqdk; qkdufMu&w,fr[kwfvm;/

,l½dkif;avmhcsyfu olYvlawG jyefxGufvmEdk;eJY onfcHapmifhaeayr,fhtcsdefomukefoGm;w,f? jyefxGufrvmMubl;? *DwoH? aw;oDusL;oHawGvnf; qdwfokOf;oGm;cJhjyD? ,l½dkif;avmhcsyfuolYoHo,awG rSefaejyDvdkYxifw,f/ 'gaMumifh ,lvpDudk tusdK;taMumif;ajymjyzdkY urf;ajcbuftjrefajy;awmhw,f/olYvlawG bmjzpfusef&pfcJhw,fqdkwmawmh rodbl;av/

tusdK;taMumif;odwmeJY ,lvpD eef;awmfMuD;buf tjrefxGufcJhw,f/ vrf;rSm ewfzk&m;r rDemAm vTwfvdkufwJh rmusL&DeJY awGYw,f/rmusL&DuyJ ,lvpDudkjyKpm;wwfol tvSbk&ifrav;&JUemrnf? olusifhoHk;wJh enf;vrf;? olY vlpk&JUtjzpf tm;vHk;udkajymjyw,f/


'D owif;qkd;MuD;udk Mum;vdkuf&awmh ,lvpD odyfpdwfqif;&JoGm;

w,f/ 'DtcgrSm rmusL&Du ajrrSmaygufaewJh ]rdkvD} tyifi,fav;udk

qGJEkwfjyD; 'Dtyifi,fuav;udk vufxJrSm tjrJwrf;qkyfxm;&if qdkif&pf&JU

jyKpm;rInd§KU"mwfawG[m b,fvkdrS tEÅ&m,fray;Ekdifbl;/ 'Dvkd tEÅ&m,f

ray;EdkifawmhrS 0ufb0a&mufoGm;MuwJh tazmfawGudk vljyefjzpfatmif

qdkif;&pfudk cdkif;apEdkifr,fvdkY ajymjyw,f/

ckawmh qdkif;&pf&JU eef;awmfMuD;xJ ,lvpD &J&JMuD;0ifoGm;jyDav/

txJa&mufawmh pm;p&mawG tpHktvifjyifqifxm;wJh pm;yGJMuD;toifh/

qdkif;&pfuvnf; pm;ygaomufygvdkY ñIdYiifzdwfrEÅu jyKaew,f/ tpawmh

,lvpDu oluav;&JU tvSatmuf? csKdjrwJh zdwfac:oHatmuf jym;jym;arSmuf

a&mufrdav[efaqmifw,f/ olYvufwGif;rSm rdkvD &SdaejyDrdkY 'Dtpm;tpm

awG[m olYudk b,fvdkrS tEÅ&m,frjzpfEdkifawmhbl;qdkwmudk odxm;jyD;jzpfvdkY

aemufqHk;rSm 0wfauswrf;ausavmuf pm;jyvdkufw,f/

a[m jyKpm;wwfol tvSbk&ifrav;uawmh pm;aomuffjyD;wmeJY

cgwdkif;vdkyJ aq;MudrfvHk;udk a0SY,rf;jyD; om;&Jwd&pämeftjzpf ajymif;zdkY

MudK;pm;awmhw,f/ 'Dawmh ,lvpDu olrudk 0kef;ceJ xckeftkyfvdkufw,f/

"m;udk qGJxkwfw,f/olUtaz:awGudk vlYb0 csufcsif;jyefajymif;ay;zdkY

cufcufxefxef trdefYay;w,f/

'DtcgusrS qdkif;&pf[m olreJY wGJbufnDwJh a,musfm;wpfa,mufudk

awGY&jyD? 'Da,musfm;udkvnf; ewfbk&m;awGu tjrJulnDaew,fqdkwm

odoGm;w,f/ qdkif;&pfu jyHK;jyHK;uav;eJY emcHav&JU/

,lvpD auseyfoGm;atmif trsKd;rsKd;vdkufavsmjyD;wJhaemuf qdkif;&pfu

,lvpD olrudk cGJroGm;Edkifatmif tvSudkjy? ñdIY"mwfudk vTwfjyefw,f/

tif; 'Dawmhvnf; igwdkYa,musfm; atmufoGm;r&Sdqdkwmvdk ol&Jaumif;MuD;

,lvpD olr eef;awmfMuD;xJrSm qufaejzpfoGm;jyefw,fayghav/

,lvpD qufaeoGm;wm odyfrMumygbl;/ wpfESpfavmufom

MumygowJh/

n


oabmFom;MuD;oabmFom;MuD;oabmFom;MuD;oabmFom;MuD;oabmFom;MuD;

vufxyfr*Fvmtcrf;tem; jyD;qHk;oGm;wJhtcg tauR;tarG;eJY wnfcif;

{nfhcHzdkY pwifjyifqifMuw,f/ rkwfqdwfarG;awG azG;qGwfaewJh oabFmom;

tdkMuD; wpfa,mufuawmh bk&m;ausmif;tjyifu ausmufwHk;MuD;ay:xdkifjyD;

olYtem;u jzwfavQmufoGm;MuolawGudk Munfhaew,f/olYrsufvHk;awGu

xl;jcm;aew,f/t½l;wpfa,muf&JU rsufvHk;eJYqifovdkyJ/ol[m jzwfavQmuf

oGm;wJh {nfhonfwpfa,mufudk ½kwfw&uf wm;vdkufw,f/ jyD;awmh

]oabFmwpfpif; &SdcJhzl;w,fAsm} vdkY pvdkufw,f/ olajymyHku odyfudk

xl;qef;aeovdkrdkY {nfhonf[m jidrfjidrfoufouf qufem;axmifaerdw,f/

bk&m;ausmif;xJrSmawmh pm;yGJMuD;paejyD/ &yfem;axmifaewJh {nfhonf

[m bk&m;ausmif;xJu ysHUvGifhvmwJh aw;*DwoHawG? &,farmoHawGudk

Mum;ae&w,f/ 'gayrJh yHkjyifudk em;axmifcsifpdwfaMumifh bk&m;ausmif;xJ

r0ifjzpfbl;/ &yfjrJ&yfaerdjyD rsufvHk;awG ta&mifawmufaewJh oabFm;

tdkMuD;&JU yHkjyifudk em;axmifaew,f/


wu,fawmh oabFmom;tdkMuD;u olUaemufqHk; yifv,fc&D;

tawGUtMuHKawGudk ajymjywmyJjzpfw,f/ olYpum;t&awmh at;jrwJh

yifv,f ñdkYñdkYrIdif;rIdif;MuD;xJa&muffatmif awmifbufydkif;udk ½GufvTifhcJhMu

w,f/ yifv,fxJa&mufvdkY rMumcifrSm yifv,fa&u cJpjyKjyD/ 'gaMumifh

b,fae&m MunfhvdkufMunfhvdkuf a&cJjyiftwdvdkjzpfaeawmhw,f/ wpfp

wpfpeJY &moDOwku rcHr&yfEdkifatmif at;pufvmw,f/ ESif;awGzHk;aewJh

'Da'orSm iSufawGr&Sdbl;? wjcm;wd&pämefawGvnf;r&Sdbl;/ 'gayrJh tHhMop&m

aumif;wmu wpfaeYusawmh pifa&mfiSufMuD;wpfaumif olwdkY oabFmbuf

OD;wnfysHoef;vmwmudk olwdkY vSrf;jriffvdkkufw,f/ pifa&mfiSufqdkwm

oabFmom;awGtwGuf tifrweffr*Fvm&SdwJhiSufrdkY oabFmom;awGtm;vHk;

aysmffoGm;Muw,f/ tljrL;ukefw,f/ pifa&mfiSufMuD;udk tpmauR;w,f?

a&wdkufw,f/ pifa&mfiSufMuD; ,Ofyg;vmwmyJ/ aemufaeYrsm;rSm olYudk

wvdkuf&if a&mufvmawmhw,f/

at;Asm? wpf&uffrSmawmh 'D pifa&mfiSufMuD;udk usKyf owfypfrdw,f/

'g[m tifrwefudk xdwfvefYp&maumif;wJh vkyf&yfygyJ/]avwdkufatmif

zefwD;ay;wJh pifa&mfiSufudk cifAsm;owfvdkufwmyJ? cifAsm;[m usKyfwdkY

tm;vHk;twGuf j*dK[faumiffyJ} vdkY usKyfftzGJYom;awGu qlMuw,f/


olwdkY qlMu ajymMuwmrSefw,f/ a&cJaewJhyifv,fxJu &GufvTifh

EdkifcJhayr,f wjcm;yifv,fxJ ta&mufrSmawmh avu vHk;0udk rwdkuf

awmhbl;/ aeuvnf; cspfcspfawmuf ylaew,f/ 'DjidrfoufwJh yifv,fjyif

MuD;xJrSm aeYpOf&ufquf aevmcJhMuw,f/ avrwdkufawmh &GufoabFmMuD;

wpfa&G;om;awmif ra&GUbl;/ yef;csDum;xJu yifv,fjyifMuD;eJY &Guff

oabFmMuD; usaewmyJ/ tyl½Sdefuvnf; &uffMumavav aMumufp&m

ydkaumif;vmavyJ/ avwpfpufrS rwdkufvdkY tyl½Sdefudk umuG,fay;EdkifwJh

wdrftpteuav;awG ½Sdovm;qdkawmhvnf; r½Sdbl;/ ta&;xJaomufa&u

ukkefoGm;jyefw,f/ yifv,fxJ a&iwfwJhudef; qdkufaeMujyDaygh/

'Dtajctaeqdk;awGu pifa&mfiSufMuD;udk owfypfvdkufwJh

oabFmom;tdkMuD;aMumifhvdkY awG;jyD; usefoabFmom;tm;vHk;u tMuD;

tus,f a'goxGufMuw,f/ usdefqJ Muw,f/ 'gwifrubl; oludk

'PfcwfwJhtaeeJY iSufaoMuD;udk olYvnfyif;rSm qGJay;xm;vdkufMuw,f/

oHk;av;&uftMumrSm tajctaeu ykdkxdwffvefYp&maumif;vmw,f/

vnfacsmif;awG ajcmufuyfjyD; pum;rajymEdkifMuawmhbl;/ oabFmwpfpif;

pif;udk jrif&Edk;eJY rSefom;a&mifxjyD; 0if;vufawmufyaewJh yifv,fjyifMuD;

udk tqufrjywf apmihfMunfhae&vdkY rsufvHk;awGvnf; usddef;pyfukefjyD/

tif; tJ'Dvdk Munfhae&wJh wpf&ufrSmawmh olwdkYqD OD;wnfvmaewJh

oabFmwpfpif;udk oabFmom;tdkMuD;u ½kwfw&uf vSrf;jrifvdkufw,f/

]a[; [dkdrSm [dkrSm MunfhMuprf;? oabFmMuD;uG? oabFmMuD;} vdkY

0rf;omt,fvJ atmfvdkufwJhtcg usefoabFmom;awG wpfjydKifwnf;

vSrfMunfhMuw,f/ [kwfw,f/ oabFmwpfpif;vmaew,f/ tm;vHk;

aysmfoGm;jyD; toHukef atmfMu [pfMuaygh? Munfh&if;rSm oabFmMuD;u

wjznf;jznf; eD;vmw,f? tif; eD;vmav aysmfvGef;vdkY atmffMu [pfMu

oHawG aysmufaysmufoGm;avyJ? taysmftpm; taMumuf0ifvmw,f?

bmaMumifhvJqdkawmh olwdkYjrifae&wmu omrefoabFmr[kwfbl;? &dk;&dk;

oabFmr[kwfbl;? oabFmtppf r[kwfbl;? qkyfudkifr&wJh oabFmyHk&dyf

oufoufom jzpffw,ff/ ck 'D oabFmyHk&dyfMuD;udk xifxif&Sm;&Sm;jrifae

Mu&jyD/ oabFmom;wpfa,mufrSrygwJh oabFmMuD; jzpfaew,f/

vlESpfOD;omygwJh oabFmMuD; jzpfaew,f/ wpfOD;u trsdK;orD;? EIwfcrf;


tpHku &JwGwfaew,f/ 'gayrJh tom;ta&u vlaoaumifvkd jzLzyfjzLa&mfMuD;/ tJ olreJY twlygvmwJh tazmfuawmh ]aorif;} udk,fwdkifyJjzpfw,f/

olwdkYESpfOD;[m 'ku©a&mufaeMuwJh oabFmom;awGudk ac:aqmifoGm;zdkY a&mufvmMuwm jzpfw,f/ oabFmom;awG&JU 0dnmOfawGudkr&PEdkifiHta&muf ac:aqmifoGm;rSmjzpfw,f/ oabFmom;tdkMuD;[m'DoabFmMuD;udk ai;pdkufMunfhaerdw,f/ 'DtcdkufrSmyJolY taygif;tazmfawGwpfa,mufjyD;wpfa,muf vJusaoqHk;ukefMuw,f/ aMumufp&m r&PoabFmMuD;vJ aoqHk;oGm;MuwJh oabFmom;0dnmOfawG wifaqmifjyD;qufvuf½GufvTifhoGm;awmhw,f/wjznf;jznf;eJY jrifuGif;xJu aysmufuG,foGm;Muw,f/

raobJusef&pfwmuawmh oabFmom;tdkMuD; wpfa,mufwnf;yJ/tajymus,fwJh yifv,fjyifMuD;xJrSm wpfOD;wnf;aom oabFmom;tdkMuD;aygh/

ckESpf&ufvHk;vHk; ol bk&m;waerdw,f/ qkawmif;aerdw,f/ 'gayrJholYtaygif;tazmfrsm;jzpfMuwJh oabFmom;awG&JU usdefpmu rjy,fbl;/ olrtdyfEdkifbl;/ ab;rSmvJusaewJh tavmif;aumifawGudkom aeYa&mnygjrifae&w,f/ aemufqHk;awmh bk&m;ocifu olYtay: oem;pdwf0ifvmw,f/ wpfaeYaygh/

ol yifv,fxJ iHkYMunfhaew,f/ oabFm0ef;usifrSm ul;cwfaeMuwJha&ajrGuav;awGudk ol jrifvdkufw,f/a&ajrGuav;awGta&mifuodyfvSvGef;vdkY olY&ifxJrSm xl;jcm;wJh cHpm;rIwpfckjzpfvmw,f/ a&ajrGav;awGudk cspfvmw,f/ vIdufvIdufvSJvSJ arwÅmydkYrdvdkkufw,f/ tHhMozdkY odyfaumif;wmu 'DtcsdefrSmyJ vnfyif;rSmqGJxm;wJh iSufaoMuD; yifv,fxJjyKwfusoGm;w,f/ olvnf; ESpfESpfjcdKufjcdKuftdyfarmusoGm;awmhw,f/

jyefEdk;vmawmh rdk;awG&GmaejyD/ tyl'PfaMumifh uGJtufaewJholYEIwfcrf;[m rdk;a&awGeJY ½TJ½TJpdkaejyD/ vnfacsmif;rSm emaewmvnf;aysmufoGm;jyD/ wpfudk,fvHk; at;jraejyD/ ywf0ef;usifrSm *DwoHawG olMum;ae&jyD/wpfjydKifwnf;rSm avxJuay:xGufvmwJh toHESpfckudkvnf;ol Mum;aew,f/


toHwpfcku ]'Dvl[m &efrrlwwfwJh piffa&mfiSufMuD;udk owfypfwJh

vlyJvm;} wJh/ wjcm;toHwpfckuawmh ]olYudk xdkufxdkufwefwef 'Pf

cwfcJhygjyD} qdkwJh ajzoHyJ/

avnif;wkdkuffvmw,f/ 'Davnif;uyJoabFmMuD;udk qdyfurf;

ta&muf nifnifomom o,faqmifoGm;w,f/

cHpm;&wJh'PfaMumifh ol tm;enf;jyD; zsm;w,f/ tdrfjyefta&mufrSm

aovkarsmyg;jzpfoGm;w,f/

]uJ 'gygyJAsm}

oabFmom;tdkMuD;u olYZmwfvrf;udk tqHk;owfvdkufjyD;

]usKyf u,fq,fcH&wm a&ajrGuav;awG tygt0if owÅ0gawG

tm;vHk;tay: ppfrSefwJhcspfpdwfeJY arwÅmyGm;cJhvdkYygyJ} vdkY ajymjyD; oabFmom;

tdkMuD; xoGm;awmhw,f/

vufxyfyGJvmwJh {nfhonfom wpfa,mufwnf; usef&pfcJhw,fav/

n


orifacsmMuD; qm&mbmorifacsmMuD; qm&mbmorifacsmMuD; qm&mbmorifacsmMuD; qm&mbmorifacsmMuD; qm&mbm

awmeufMuD;wpfckxJrSm]qm&mbm}trnf½SdwJh orifvSvSMuD;wpfaumif

½Sdw,f/ awmueufvGef;vdkY 'Dorifudk awGYjrifzl;ol tifrwef&Sm;w,f/

ae0ifrdk;csKyfvdkY wpfawmwpfawmifvHk; wdwfqdwfjidrfoufoGm;wJh

tcgrsdK;qdk&ifawmh [dk;ta0; awmeufMuD;wpfae&mu ay:xGufysHUvGifhvmwJh

orifMuD; atmfoHoJhoJhav;udk Mum;&wwfw,f/

wpfaeYawmhbk&ifMuD;wpfyg;u orifqm&mbm aexdkifusufpm;wJh

awmrSm awmvdkufxGufw,f/ bk&if[m om;aumifawGUvdkaZmeJY jrif;udk

rarmwrf; 'kef;pdkif;vmvdkufwm wjznf;jznf; wpfpwpfpeJY awmMuD;&JU

twGiff;ydkif; a&mufrSef;rod a&mufvmcJhw,f/ 'Dae&mrSmyJ &ifoyf&

avmufatmif vSywJhorifMuD;wpfaumif bk&ifha½SUu &dyfceJ jzwfajy;

oGm;w,f/

bk&if cPwmav; ai;pdkufMunfhae&mu owdjyeft0ifrSm rxif

rSwfbJ vSrf;atmfar;rdvdkufw,f/

]a[h a[h vSvdkufwJh orifMuD;? rif; b,fvdkowÅ0gvJ}

qm&mbm *½krpdkufbl;/qufajy;oGm;w,f/ajy;wmjrefvGef;awmh

cPcsif;rSmyJ bk&ifh rsufpdatmufu aysmufoGm;w,f/

bk&if a'goxGufjyDaygh/


]o,f? 'if; ighvufwGif;u vGwfEdkif½dk;vm;? odMuao;wmaygh?

'if;udk ig rrd rdatmif zrf;r,f}

bk&if[m MudwfrEdkifcJr&jzpf? rcsifhr&JjzpfjyD jrif;udk wpf[kefxkd;

ESifawmhw,f/ orifMuD;udk vSrf;tjrifrSm av;eJYypfw,f/ orifMuD;0ef;usif

rSm jrm;awGvmpdkufw,f/ orifMuD;u vHk;0 aMumufvefYyHk rjybl;/

iSufwpfaumif avudkjzwfysHovdk orifMuD;[m jrufyifawGay: ausmfjzwf

ckefvTm; ajy;jrJ ajy;aew,f/

bk&ifu jrif;udk ydkjrefjrefajy;apw,f/opfawmawG? awmifukkef;awG?

csdKifh0Srf;awG &dyfceJ &dyfceJ usef&pfw,f/ bk&ihf awmvdkufaz:awG

wyfom;awG? qifawG? aemufawmfygawG tdk tm;vHk; [dk;ta0;MuD;rSm

jywfuseffcJhMuw,f/ rswfjcnfjywfoGm;wJh olwdkYbk&ifudk &SmMuayr,fh

tcsnf;ESD;yJ/ bk&iftaeeJYuvJ cktcdsefrSm olvdkufaewJh orifvSvSMuD;u

vGJjyD; olYacgif;xJ tm½HkxJrSm wjcm; bmrS r½Sdawmhbl;/ tm;vHk;udk arhae

w,f/ arhxm;vkdufw,f/

bk&if[m orifBuD;udk rrDEdkifav? a'goxGufavavaygh/ a'go

xGufvmav jrefonfxuf jrefjrefvdkufavaygh/

]ajy;prf;? jrefjrefajy;prf;}

a'gopdwf? orifMuD;udk rdvdkpdwfawGMumifh bk&ifMuD; bmudkrS

trlrxm;Edkifawmhbl;/bmudkrSvnf; rjrifEdkifawmhbl;/ jrif;uvnf;uGif;jyif

MuD;ukd jzwfajy;aewmrsm; ajrjyifeJYcGm rxdawmhoavmufudk jzpfaew,f/

'Dvdk t½Sdeft[kef jyif;jyif; 'kef;pkdif;aecdkuf ½kwfw&ufyJ us,f0ef;euf½Idif;wJh

acsmufMuD;wpfckudk bGm;ceJawGYvdkufw,f/ orifMuD;qm&mbmuawmh

'DacsmufMuD;udk ayghayghyg;yg; vTm;ceJckeful;vdkufw,f/ jyD;awmh qufajy;

w,f/

orifMuD; aZmuyfaewJh bk&ifu acsmufMuD;udk rjrifbl;/ jrif;u

owdxm;rdvdkufw,f/ jrif;u 'Dacsmuftus,fMuD;udk ckefrul;Edkifbl;/

'gaMumifh t½Sdeft[kefjyif;jyif; 'kef;qdkif;ajy;ae&mu acsmufurf;yg;xdyfrSm

½kwfw&uf wkefYceJ&yfvdkufw,f/ bk&if r[efEdkif? rxdef;EdkifjzpfjyD;

acsmufMuD;xJ 'vdrfhacgufauG; uRrf;pdkufusoGm;awmhw,f/ 'Dawmh


orifMuD;eJY tawmfhukd tvSrf;a0;a0; jywffusefoGm;wJhtjzpf qdkuf&jyDaygh/

'DtcgrSm orifMuD; qm&mbmu jrif;cGmoH bmaMumifh aysmufoGm;ygvdrfY/

bk&if jyefvSnffhoGm;avovm;? 'grSr[kwf ig ckefausmfcJhwJh acsmufMuD;xJrsm;

usoGm;avovm;vdkY awG;Munfhw,f/

'DtawG;eJY qm&mbm aemufjyefvSnfhMunfhvdkufwJhtcg acsmuf

urf;yg;xdyfrSm pD;olrJhae&SmwJhjrif;BuD; [dkbufajy;vdkuf? 'Dbufajy;vkduf

vkyfaewmudk vSrf;jrifw,f/ jrif;MuD;Asmrsm;aeyHkyJ/ qm&mbm &ifxJ

raumif;jzpfvmw,f/ ESvHk;om;rSm Muifemoem;pdwf pdrfhjzmvmw,f/

]tif; aocsmygjyD? bk&ifcrsm acsmufMuD;xJ usoGm;&SmjyD? acsmuf

MuD;xJrSm xD;wnf;MuD; jzpfae&Sma&mhr,f/ wyfawG? aemufawmfygawG

uvnf; [kd;ta0;MuD;rSm jywfusef&pfcJhjyD xifygw,f/ ckvkd tajctaersKd;

a&muf&ol csif;wlawmif olu ykdtm;i,f&SmrSmyJ? olu bk&ifukd;? bk&if

qkdawmh ajymifvufaewJh vufeufawG ukdifaqmifxm;MuwJh ppfonf&Jruf

awG&dSr,f? qifawG&dSr,f/ olUtrdefYawmfukd tcsdefra&G;emcHaqmif&GufMur,fh

vlawG&Sdr,f? olUudk toufay; umuG,fapmifha&SmufolawG &dSr,f/ ckawmh

olwkdYwpfawG b,frSmvJ? wpfa,mufrS olUtem;rSm &dSMur,f rxifbl;/

tkd ol txD;usefjzpfae&SmjyD/ tif; oem;p&m aumif;vkdufygbdawmhw,f/

tkd ol toufrS &dSygOD;rvm;/ ig olUqDoGm;r,f? touf&Sifaeao;&if

ig u,fr,f? olUukd u,fr,f}

orifMuD; qm&mbm[m trsKd;rsKd; pOf;pm;rdw,f/ pOf;pm;av

Muifemoem;pdwfawG wdk;yGm;vmavyJ/ 'gaMumihf qHk;jzwfcsufwpfckeJYtwl

acsmufurf;yg;xdyfta&muf wpf[kefxdk; ajy;oGm;awmhw,f/ a&mufoGm;wJh

tcg acsmufurf;yg;xdyfuae &ifwxdwfxdwfeJY acsmufxJiHkYMunfhw,f/

olY&efolbk&if zHkrIefYawGxJrSm vJusNyD; ememusifusif nnf;nLaewmudk

jrifvdkuf&&ifyJ qm&mbm ratmifhEdkifawmhbl;/ tMuifempum;awG qdkrd

awmhw,f/

]vlom;rsm;&JUbk&if uREfkyfudk raMumufygvifh/ uREfkyfonf awm

awmifxJrSm rsufpdvnf vrf;rSm;aeolrsm;udk &efjyKwwfonfhraumif;qdk;0g;

r[kwfyg/ uREkfyfonf oif aomufoHk;onhfa&udk aomufygonff/ ajrrSm


aygufaom jrufudk pm;ygonf/ tdk bk&if? pdk;&drfylyefjcif; uif;ygbdavmh/

uREfkyfwGif oifhtm; ulnDpGrf;Edkif&Sdyg\/ þacsmufBuD;xJrS oihftm;

u,fwifEdkifpGrf;&Sdyg\/ uREfkyfudk oHo,uif;&Sif;pGm ,kHMunfpdwfcsapcsif

ygonf/ uREfkyf acsmufBuD;xJ qif;vmcJhygawmhrnf/

bk&if[molYukd,fol r,Hk&Javmufatmif jzpfrdw,f/ ighrsufvHk;awG

jrifaewJhtwdkif;rS [kwfygavp/ tck ighfudku,fwifr,fhol[m igh&efol

r[kwfbl;vm;/

bk&if[mqm&mbmudkr&THUr&J armhMunhfaew,f/ olYwpfudk,fvHk;rSm

&SufpdwfawG zHk;aew,f/ aemufqHk;awmh bk&ifu tm;,lNyD; zGihf[0efcH

awmhw,f/

]tdk vSyacsmarmwJh orifMuD;? uREfkyf\ csyf0wffwefqmonff

tvGefw&mrS xlxJcdkifrmvSonfhtwGuf tusqkd;eJY uscJh&aomfjim; rsm;pGm

remusifcJhyg/ odkYygaomfvnf; ]oihf&efol uREfkyfjzpfcJhzl;onf} qkdaom

odpdwfaMumihf cHpm;&onhf a0'em 'Pf&m'Pfcsufrsm;u uREfkyftm;

tqaygif;rsm;pGm ydkrdkemusifapcJhygNyD}


bk&ihfESvHk;om;u jrpfzsm;cHvmwJhpum;awGudk Mum;vdkuf&wJhtcgqm&mbmu bk&if olYudk ,HkMunfpdwfcsoGm;NyD cspfcifoGm;NyDqdkwmodvdkufw,f/ 'gaMumihf qm&mbm[m acsmufxJtjrefa&mufatmifqif;?bk&ihfudk ausmay:wif? cGeftm;tBuD;qHk;qdkwJh qifBuD;xuf omvGefwJhcGeftm;udk xkwfvkdufNyD; rwfapmufvSwJh acsmufurf;yg;,HawGudk pwifwufawmhw,f/ tay:a&mufwJhtcg bk&ihfudk awmwGif;wpfae&mta&mufo,faqmifvmcJhw,f/

bk&if[m pGJudkifxm;wJh vufeuftm;vHk;udk qm&mbmab;rSmpkNyHK ypfcsvdkufw,f/

]tdk u,fwif&Sif orifBuD;? oifhtm; uREfkyfrnfodkY aus;Zl;pum;qdk&rnfudkyif rodEdkifawmhyg/ uREfkyf\ a&Teef;awmfBuD;ESihf uREfkyf\EdkifiHawmfBuD;udk oihftm; uREfkyfay;tyfyg\/ cspfjrwfEdk;tyfaomrdwfaqGorifBuD; uREfkyfESifh wpfygwnf; vdkufcJhyga vmh/ rkqdk;&ef? om;&Jwd&pämeftaygif;\ &efawGrsm;jym;vSaom þawmBuD;xJrSm uREfkyf oihftm;rxm;&pf&ufawmhyg/

]jrwfaombk&if? oihfa&Teef;awmfBuD;udk vdkuffyg&ef uREfkyftm;rac:ygvihf? þawmonf uREfkyf\ EdkifiHjzpfyg\/ opfyifwdkYonf uREfkyf\eef;awmfrsm;yifjzpfMuyg\/ tu,fí oifu uREfkyftm; trSefwu,faysmf&Tifcsrf;ajrhapcsifonf qdkygvQif ,ckuREfkyfajymrnfh udpöwpfckudkvdkufavsmapcsifygonf/ aemif þawmwGif;ü awmrvdkuf&ef jzpfygonf/odkYrSom þawmtwGif; rSD;wif;aexdkifMuaom awmwd&pämeftaygif;aysmf&Tifcsrf;ajrhEdkifMuygvdrfhrnf/ vGwfvGwfvyfvyf pdwfcsvufcs oGm;vmvIyf&Sm;EdkifMuygvdrhfrnf}

bk&ifu 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om vdkufavsmw,ff/ uwdjyKw,f/ bk&ifha&Teef;awmfBuD;udk jyefa&mufvmwJhtcg jynfoltm;vHk; twdkif;rod0rf;om&Tifvef;oGm;Muw,f/ bk&ihfudk pnf;pnff;vHk;vHk; BudKqdkMuw,f/csufcsif;qdkovdkyJ bk&ifu tJ'DawmtwGif; b,folrS awmrvdkuf&trdefYudkpdwfpEdk;paemihf vHk;0rjzpffbJ xkwfjyefw,f/ 'DtrdefYxkwfjyefNyD;aemufydkif;rSmawmh bk&if? jynfoljynfom;awG tm;vHk;eJY awmwd&pämefaygif;wdkY ydkrdkaysmf&TifoGm;Muawmhw,f/

n


urf;yg;xdyfu vGrf;ausmufwkdif urf;yg;xdyfu vGrf;ausmufwkdif urf;yg;xdyfu vGrf;ausmufwkdif urf;yg;xdyfu vGrf;ausmufwkdif urf;yg;xdyfu vGrf;ausmufwkdif

[dk a&S;tcgu ]*sefoD[dktef} trnf&SdwJh bk&ifwpfyg;&SdcJhw,f/ ol[m

&ufpuf Murf;MuKwfw,f/ BuD;av;wJhtcGefawG aumuffw,f/ olYudk

wkdif;oljynfom;awGu rESpfNrdKMubl;/ bk&ifuvnf; olYtaMumif;

raumif;ajymolrSeforQudk zrf;NyD; tusOf;uswmcsnf;yJ/

wpfaeYrSm bk&ifu ausmif;q&muav; ]csef} udkzrf;vdkufw,f/

cseftzrf;cH&NyD; wpfvtMumrSm csefYZeD;u om;OD;uav; arG;w,f/

'Dom;OD;av;udk csefudk,fwdkifa&G;cJhwJh ]csif} emrnfay;vkdufw,f/ csif[m

tifrwefvSwJhuav;rdkY rdcif ]vD} u odyfcspfwmaygh/ 'gayr,hf om;OD;av;

rsufESmudk jrifcGifhr&&SmwJh cifyGef;onfftwGufawmh awG;vdkufwkdif; pdwf

raumif;jzpf&&Smw,f/ bmyJjzpfjzpf wpfaeYawmh csef jyefa&mufvmvdrfh

r,ffvdkY ol aocsmayguf wGufxm;w,f/

csifuav; pum;ajymwwfwJh t&G,frSm cifyGeff;onf&JU pmtkyfawG

xJu taMumif;t&mawGudk vDu oifjyay;w,f/ om;uav;u tazh

taMumif;ar;&if tazwpfae&mrSm tvkyfoGm;vkyfaew,f/ rMumcif

jyefvmvdrhfr,fvdkY ajym&w,f/ nOfheufvmwJhtcg csifuav;udk odyf&if;

csefwpfa,muf ab;uif;&efuif; acsmacsmarmarm jyefa&mufEdkifygapvdkY

qkawmif;&wmvnf; tarmygyJ/ csifuav; tdyfaysmfoGm;awmhrS rD;tdrfudk

qGJ,lNyD; jywif;aygufem;rSm vDoGm;xdkifw,f/ cifyGef;onf jyefa&mufEdk;Edk;eJY

rtdyfbJ apmihfarQmfae&Smw,f/

csif av;ESpfom;t&G,fa&mufwJhtcsdef wpfnrSm rkefwdkif;usw,f/

wpfavmuvHk; avoHrdk;oH yGufyGuffnHaevdkY csifuav; tdyf&mu vefYEdk;

vmNyD; idkawmhw,f/ 'Dawmh vDu tdyfceff;tjyifrSmyJ rD;tdrfudk xm;cJhNyD;

csifuav; odyfxm;wJhtcef;xJ0ifoGm;w,f/ 0ifoGm;wJht&dyfu tcef;eH&HrSm

oGm;ay:aew,f/ 'Dt&dyfudkjrifawmh csifuav; vefYatmf&if; olb,folvJ/

olb,folvJvdkYar;w,f/ ]om;taz&JU udk,fyGm;aygh om;&,f} vdkY vDu

ajzvdkufwJhtcg csifuav;u 'l;axmuf vuftkyfcsD&Sdcdk;NyD; ]aumif;aom

nygazaz} vdkY EIwfqufw,f/


aemufnrsm;rSmawmh tdyf&m0ifwkdiff; 'Dvdk EIwfqufEdkifatmif

vDu zefwD;&awmhw,f/

wpfnawmh csifuav; tdyfaysmfaecdkufrSmvDbk&m;ausmif;oGm;p&m

BuHKvmw,f/ vD tdrfutxGufrSmyJ rarQmfvihfbJ csef a&mufvmNyD; ol

axmifu xGufajy;cJhNyDvdkY ajymw,f/ 'Dawmh vDu tdrfxJrSm oGm;ykeff;aezdkY

om;uav; csif rEkd;atmif owdxm;zdkYrSmNyD; tjrefqHk;jyefvmcJhr,fvdkY

ajymxGufoGm;w,f/

csef tdrfxJa&mufvdkY rMumcifrSmyJ csifuav; vefYEdk;vmawmh

w,f/ 'geJY csefu csifuav; tdyfcef;wHcg;em;ta&muf ajy;oGm;NyD;

]raMumufygeJY om;av;&,f? ig[m om;tazyguG,f} vdkY ajymjyw,f/

csifuav; r,Hkbl;/ 'gaMumihf vefYpdwfrajybJ idkcsvdkufawmhw,f

idk&if;rSmvnf;

]xGufoGm; xGufoGm;? cifAsm;[m uRefawmfhtaz r[kwfbl;/

uRefawmhfhtazu [dk;ta0;BuD;rSm uRefawmf tdyf&m0ifcsdefusrS jyefa&muf

vmwm} vdkY ajymjyNyD; rMumcif jyeftdyfaysmfoGm;w,f}

csef b,fvdkrS rawG;wwfEdkifatmif jzpf&w,f/ apmapmuyJ

vDub,foGm;r,fqdkwm rajymbJ uwdkufu½dkufxGufoGm;cJhw,f/ tck

olYom; ukdk,fwdkifu ]tdyf&m0ifcsdefusrS taz jyefa&mufvmwm} vdkY

ajymjyefw,f/ vD[m olYtay: tcspfawG ukefcef;oGm;NyDvm;/ 'D tjzpfrsKd;

qdkufrSmudkawmh ol odyfpdk;&drfylyefrdw,f/ wpfcsdeffwnff;rSm vD[m wpfa,muf

a,mufeJY vufxyfvdkufwmvnf; jzpfEdkifwmyJvdkY awG;rdjyefw,f/ 'DtawG;

0iffvmawmh ol pdwfrcdkifawmhbl;/ a'goudk rxdef;csKyfEdkifawmhbl;/

'Dtdrfu xGufajy;oGm;zdkYtxd ol qHk;jzwfrdw,f/


'Dtcsdefuav;rSmyJ vD jyefa&mufvmNyD;]ppfom;wcsKdU NrdKUxJrSm a&mufaeMuw,f csef? &SihftwGuf

tEÅ&m,f&SdEdkifw,f xifw,f} vdkYajymw,f/ 'Dvdkajymaecdkuf wpfcsdefvHk;rSmvDu csefYrsufESmudk rrSdwfrokef MunhfaewmrdkY csefY rsufESmjyifxufua'go&dyfawGudk *½kpdkufrdw,f/ taMumif;&if;udk vDu ar;awmh csefuoloHo,jzpfaewmawGudk yGihfyGihfvif;vif; ajymNyD; ajy;xGufoGm;awmhw,f/csefwpfa,muf b,favmuf pdwfrcsrf;rom jzpf&SmrvJ/ vD odygw,f/olvHk;vHk; pdwfraumif;Edkifawmhbl;/ tdrfxJu ajy;xGufNyD; csefaemufudkvdkufw,f/ 'gayr,fh csef&JU t&dyfta,mifudkawmif rawGU&awmhbl;/ vDbmvkyf&rvJ/ BuHK&wJh tjzpfqdk;twGuf &ifemvmw,f/ aqmufwnf&mr&jzpfvmw,f/ b0udk tqkH;pD&ifzdkY qkH;jzwfvkdufw,f/ csufcsif;yJ vD[mtifrwef jrihfrm;wJh jrpfurf;yg;xdyfudk ajy;wufoGm;NyD; jrpfxJckefcsvdkufw,f/

wpfaumif<uufuav; csifudk tdrfeD;csif;awGu ac:,larG;pm;xm;Mu&wmayhg/

aemufwpfaeYrSm tusOf;om;awGudk vGwfNidrf;csrf;omcGihf ay;vdkufw,f/ 'gaMumihf ausmif;q&muav; csef[m ykef;ae&mu csufcsif;xGufcJhNyD;olY&Gmudk jyefvmcJhw,f/ &Gm0ifwmeJY vD&JU tjzpfqdk;udk Mum;vdkuf&w,f/olYacgif; csmcsmvnfoGm;w,f/ rl;arhrwwf jzpfoGm;w,f/ om;uav;csif taMumif;u acgif;xJ0ifvmjyefw,f/ 'geJY olYtdrfeD;csif;awGqDta&mufajy;w,f/ csifuav;&dS&m tdrfa&mufawmh arSmifaeNyD/ csifuav;utdyf&m0ifcsdefa&mufaeNyD/ 'gaMumihf csifuav;u olYtazudk ac:vdkufw,f/'Dtcg csefu csifuav;&JU tdyfcef;ab;u pm;yGJay:rSm rD;tdrfudkwifvdkufNyD;tdyfcef;xJ0ifzdkY tcef;udkjzwftavQmuf olYt&dyfu eH&Hay:rSmoGm;xifw,f/ t&dyfudkjrifvdkufwmeJY csifuav;u 'l;axmuf? vuftkyfcsD&Sdcdk;w,f/ NyD;awmh ]aumif;aomnyg azaz} vdkY EIwfqufvdkufw,f/'DawmhrSyJ csefwpfa,muf tjzpfrSefudk em;vnfoabmaygufoGm;awmhw,f/

aemufydkif;usawmh csefu urf;yg;xdyfrSm ausmufwdkifuav;wpfwdkif pdkufxlvdkufw,f/ naewdkif; om;tzESpfa,muf ausmufwdkifqDoGm;Muw,f/ &nf&G,fcsufuawmh cspfp&maumif;wJh ZeD;? cspfp&maumif;wJhrdcif vDudk trSwf&wJh txdrf;trSwftjzpf uefawmhzdkYygyJwJh/ n


yg;pyfzGmwJh rdef;ryg;pyfzGmwJh rdef;ryg;pyfzGmwJh rdef;ryg;pyfzGmwJh rdef;ryg;pyfzGmwJh rdef;r

wpfcgwkef;u v,form;vifr,m; &SdcJhw,f/ r,m;u tifrwef yg;pyfzGmw,f/ bmwpfckrS vQKdU0Sufrxm;Edkifbl;/ olod&if wpf&GmvHk;odNyDomrSwfaya&mh/

wpfaeYawmh v,form;u awmxJoGm;NyD; olaxmifcJhwJh 0HykavGaxmifacsmufudk wl;w,f/ 'DtcgrSm jr§Kyfxm;wJh &wemawGudk awGU&w,f/'Dawmh v,form;u ]tif; ig bmvkyf&&ifaumif;rvJ/ rdef;rom odoGm;&ifwpf&GmvHk; owif;jyefYawmhr,f? igh ajrydkif&SifBuD;vJ Mum;rSmyJ/ olMum;oGm;&if 'D&wemawG qHk;cef;a&mufNyD? olu tukefodrf;rSm} vdkY pOf;pm;NyD;tBuHxkwfw,f/ aemufqHk;tBuHaumif;wpfck &vdkufw,f/

v,form;[m &wemawGudk jyefjr§Kyfvdkufw,f/ ae&mudk aumif;aumif; rSwfom;xm;w,f/ NyD;rS tdrfjyefcJhw,f/ tjyefrSm jrpfbufvSnhfNyD;ol cscJhwJhydkufudk Munhfw,f/ ig;wpfaumifrdaew,f/ ol[m ig;udk,lNyD;,kefaxmifcJhwJhae&mudk qufoGm;w,f/ axmifacsmufxJrSm ,kefwpfaumifrdaew,f/ ol[m ,kefudkxkwf,lNyD; apmapmu ig;udk axmifacsmufxJxnhfxm;cJhw,f/ NyD;awmh jrpfbufudkjyefvSnfhcJhNyD; ydkufxJrSm ,kefudkxnhfjyefcsxm;cJhw,f/

tdrfjyefa&mufawmh tawmfarSmifaeNyD/]uJ rdef;ra&? rD;arT;NyD; rkefYqDaMumf aMumfuGm}]nMuD;rif;BuD;awmf? bmvkyfzdkYvJ 'DtcsdefrsKd;b,folrSrkefYraMumfbl;

&Sm&SmazGazG aemuf bmawGrsm; qufcdkif;OD;rvJ rodbl;}]a[h jyefajymraeeJY? cdkif;wm vkyfprf;uGm? jrKyfxm;wJh &wemawG

ig awGUcJhvdkYuG? tJ'D&wemawGudk ck nwGif;csif; tdrfudko,f&r,f}rdef;r odyftljrL;oGm;w,f/ odyfudk auseyfoGm;w,f/ csufcsif;x

rD;arT;NyD; rkefYawG aMumfw,f/]uJ vm ylylav; pm;vdkufOD;}rdef;ru apwemawG a&pD;urf;NydKjzpfaew,f/ v,form;u

rkefYwpfck,lpm;NyD; rkefYESpfck oHk;ckudk rdef;r rodatmif tdwfBuD;wpffvHk;xJxnfhw,f/ aemufwpfck ,lpm;? oHk;av;ck tdwfxJ wdwfwdwfxnfh/


]awmfuvnf; tpm;Murf;vdkufwm? uRefr EdkifatmifraMumfwwf

awmhbl;}

]oGm;&rSmu ta0;BuD;? &wemawGu odyfav;wm? t0tNyJ

pm;xm;rSuG}

ajym&if; rkefYawG tdwfjynfhoGm;atmif rdef;rtvpfrSm xnhfw,f/

jynhfoGm;rS

]uJ Adkuftawmfwif;oGm;jyD? rif;vJ pm;vdkufOD;? jreffjrefpm;uG?

oGm;Mu&atmif}

rdef;ruvnf; tjrefqHk;pm;w,f/ NyD;wmeJY vifr,m;ESpfa,muf

xGufvmcJhMuw,f/

'Dn[m tawmfhudk arSmifaew,f/ v,form;u rkefYawGudk

tdwfxJu rodromxkwf? rdef;r rjrifatmif opfudkif;awGrSmcsdwf&if;

a&SUoGm;w,f/ tawmfav; c&D;aygufvmawmhrS opfudkif;awGay:wifaewJh

rkefYawGukd rdef;ru owdxm;rdw,f/

][,f Munhfprf;? opfyifay:rSm rkefYawGawmh}

]tJ'g bmqef;ovJuG? tckav;wif rkeYfrdk; &Gmcsvdkufwm rif;

rodbl;vm;}

]rodygbl;awmf? ikwfpl;rSmpdk;vdkY atmufudkyJ MunhfhvmcJhwm}

rdef;r bmrS apm'u rwufawmhbl;/ 'DtcgrS v,form;u

]ig ,kefaxmifcJhao;w,f? oGm;MunfhMuOD;pdkY}

olaxmifcJhwJhae&ma&mufawmh v,form;u axmifacsmufxJu

ig;udk qGJxkwfvdkufw,f/ rdef;r tHhtm;oihffaew,f/

][,f ,kefaxmifwm ig;rdaew,f? Mum;yJ rMum;zl;ygbl;awmf}

]tif; rif;u ukef;ig; a&ig; ESpfrsKd;&Sdwm rodbJudk;}

]qef;vdkufwmawmf? ,Hkawmif r,Hkcsifbl;? wpfcgrSvJ rjrifzl;bl;}

rMumcif olwdkYvifr,m; jrpfbufvSnhfcJhjyefw,f/

]awmf 'Dem;avmufrSm ydkufcscJhwm r[kwfvm;? uJ qGJMunhfMu

&atmif}

ajymajymqdkqdk ydkufudk qGJwifvdkufw,f/ ydkufxJrSmawmh ,kefwpf

aumif/


]a[mawmh? ,kefuav; [Jh? tif; uaeYawmh tqef;awGcsnf;yg

uvm;? ig;zrf;wm ,kefrdowJhawmf}

]a[h a[h t"dyÜm,f r&dSwmawG bmaMumihf ajymae&jyefwmvJuG?

a&,kefudk rjrifzl;wmusaewmyJuGm}

]wu,hfudk rjrifzl;bl;}

tHhMorqHk;jzpf&if; pum;ajym&if; qufvmMuawmh aemufqHk;rSm

&wemawG jr§Kyfxm;wJh ae&ma&mufMuw,f/ v,form;u jyefazmf?

NyD;wmeJYcGJNyD; o,fvmcJhMuw,f/

tjyefrSm ajrydkif&SifBuD;tdrfa&SUa&mufawmh tdrfxJu ay:xGufvmwJh

odk;atmfoHaMumihf rdeff;r[m wtm;veYfoGm;w,f/ v,form;em; ajy;uyf

vdkufNyD; ][if bmoHBuD;vJawmh? vefYvdkufwmawmf?vdyfjymawmifpOfavmuf

yg&JU} vdkY wD;wdk;ajymw,f/

]½SL; wdwfwdwfae? tJ'gigwdkYocif ajrykdif&SifBuD;udk raumif;qdk;0g;

awGu owfaewm[? igwdkYudk rjrifvdkYomayghuGm}

rdefr[m bmrS rajymawmhbJ tdrfta&muf wpfcsKd;wnf; vpf

awmhw,f/

tdrfjyefa&mufwmeJY v,form;u &wemawGudkvHkNcHKwJhwpfae&mrSm

0Sufxm;vdkufw,f/ NyD;rS tdyf&mxJ 0ifMuw,f/

]ra&Tpm 'D &wemawGtaMumif; b,folYudkrS pum;r[rdapeJYaemf?

pum;[vdkufwmeJY igwdkY 'ku©a&mufomNyDom rSwfawmh}

]pdwfcsprf;ygawmf? wpfcGef;r[ygbl;}

aemufaeYreufrSm olwdkYvifr,m; tdyf&mx aemufusw,f?

rdef;ru rD;arT;NyD; a&oGm;cyfw,f? a&wGif;a&mufawmh tdrfeD;csif;

wpfa,mufu

]uaeY aemufusvScsnfvm;ath? cgwdkif;qdk&if tapmBuD;a&cyf

ygw,f? bmjzpfvdkYvJ} vdkY ar;w,f/

]tif; ar;rSjzihf ajym&awmhrSmaygh? nu tdyfa&;ysufw,fav?

tjyifoGm;aeMu&vdkYyg}

]b,foGm;MuwmvJ}

]aBomf tdrfuvlav? &wemawG awGUcJhvdkY tJ'g nurS oGm;o,fcJh

&w,f}


'DtaMumif;[m 'DaeYtzdkYawmh &GmrSm ajymp&mjzpfoGm;ygNyD/ ][dk

vifr,m;av? &wemawGtrsm;BuD; awGUowJh? aiGawGuvJ tdwfBuD;

ESpftdwf tjynhftarmufyJwJh} vdkY csJum;ajymMuw,f/

'DnaerSmyJ 'D owif;u ajrykdkif&SifBuD;qD a&mufoGm;w,f/ 'Dawmh

olu v,form;udk qihfac:NyDaygh/

]uJ rif; &wemawG awGUcJhw,fvdkY Mum;&w,f/ rif; bmajymcsif

ovJ}

]&wemawG? wcgrS rMum;zl;yguvm;Asm}

]rnmeJYaemf? ig tm;vHk; odxm;NyD;NyD? rif; rdef;r udk,fwdkifu

vlwdkif;udk 'Dtwdkif; ajymjyaewmuG}

]aBomf a[mfa[mf? 'Dvdkudk;? t½l;yJAsm ajymcsif&mavQmufajymrSmaygh?

ocifhudkawmif ocif tdyfrufawmif rrufzl;wJhtaMumif;awG ajymcsif

ajymrSmyJ}


]at; MunhfMuao;wmayghuGm}

ajrydkif&SifBuD;u v,form; rdef;rudk csufcsif;tac:vTwfw,f/

a&mufvmwmeJY

]rif;&JU a,mufsm; &wemawG awGUcJhw,fqdk}

][kwfw,f ocif? awGUcJhygw,f}

]tJ'D &wemawGudk rif;wdkY oGm;,lcJhMuNyD r[kwfvm;}

][kwfw,f ocif? ,lcJhMuygNyD}

]yxr uRefrwdkY awmvrf;c&D;u oGm;Muygw,f? 'Dawmh uRefr

opfyifawGay:rSm rkefYqDaBumfawGudk jrif&ygw,f}

]bmuG? rkefYqDaBumfawG [kwfp}

][kwfygw,f ocif? tJ'Dtcsdefu rkefYqDaBumfrdk; &GmcscJhw,fav?

aBomf ocifawmif rodbJudk;? tif; xm;ygav? aemuf uRefrwdkY

,kefaxmifxm;wJh axmifacsmufudk oGm;MunhfMuw,f? axmifacsmufxJrSm

ig;wpfaumif rdaew,f? 'geJY ig;udk,lcJhNyD; jrpfxJrSm cscJhwJh ydkufudk

oGm;MunhfMujyefw,f? ydkufxJrSm ,kefwpfaumifrdaew,f? ,kefudk,lNyD;rS

&wemawG jrKyfxm;wJhae&mudk vmcJhMuwmyg? a&mufwmeJY jyefazmfNyD;

wpfa,mufwpftdwf xrf;vmMuygw,f/ tjyefrSm ocihftdrfa&SUa&mufawmh

raumif;qdk;0g;awGu ocihfudk owfaeMuw,fav}

v,form;&JUrdef;r pum;rqHk;cif ajrydkif&SifBuD; axmif;ceJ a'go

xGufoGm;w,f/ ajcaqmihfNyD; wpfcsufatmfvdkufonf/

][Jh t½l;r? awmf ckcsufcsif; xGufoGm;prf;}

'DawmhrS v,form;u

]uJ 'Drdef;r oGufoGufcg ½l;aew,fqdkwm ocifodNyD r[kwfvm;/

olYtwGuf uRefawmf odyfudk pdwfraumif;jzpfae&ygw,f ocif}

]uJ uJ ajymraeeJYawmh? ig ,HkNyD? rif;vJ jyefawmh}

v,form;u aysmfaysmf&Ti&Tif jrL;jrL;<u<u jyefvmcJhw,f/

ajrydkif&SifBuD;udk vSnhfzdkY ol zefwD;cJhwJh [moudkvnf; wpdrfhpdrfhawG;NyD;

yDwdjzpfae MunfEl;aerSm trSefyJ/

n


0ufnDaemif0ufnDaemif0ufnDaemif0ufnDaemif0ufnDaemif

]wa'gufa'gufeJY jzwfavQmufoGm;wm b,folrsm;ygvdrfh}&Gmvrf;tqHk;rSmaeMuwJh 0ufaygufuav;ESpfaumifu pOf;pm;Munhf

vdkufw,f/ wu,fawmh wa'gufa'gufeJY jzwfavQmufoGm;olutbGm;tdkav; wpfa,mufyg/ olY cE¨mudk,fu ueffaygifay:u rdk;rcudkif;uefxJ udkif;nGwfusaeovdkyJ/

'DtbGm;tdkav;u awmifa0S;axmufNyD; avQmufvSrf;vmawmhwa'gufa'guf toHjrnfwmaygh? 'DtoHMum;awmh udkif;yifrsm;Mum;rSmaewJh0ufaygufuav; ESpfaumifu aMumufaMumuf&GHU&HGUeJY acsmif;MunhfMuw,f/acsmif;MunhfaeMuwJh 0ufaygufav;ESpfaumifudkvnf; tbGm;tdkav;uvSrf;awGUvdkufw,f/

]a[h wd&pämefuav;awG rif;wdkYu b,folawGvJ/ rif;wkYdrSmtarr&Sdawmhbl;vm;? uJ tarr&Sdawmhbl;qdk&if ighjcif;awmif;xJ0ifMuaya&mh? Am&mPoDjynfBuD;&JU wHcg;teD;rSm&SdwJh ightdrfuav;udk ac:oGm;½HkyJrif;wkdYav;awGudk ig arG;pm;r,fav}

ajym&if;qdk&if;rSmyJ tbGm;tdkav;u 0ufaygufuav;ESpfaumifudkjcif;awmif;xJ aumufwnfhw,f? olYjcif;awmif;uvnf; 0gcif;uaumufcJhwJh 0gawGeJY tjynfh? tbGm;tdkav;u tdrfa&mufvmwJhtxd wa'gufa'gufeJY qufavQmufvmcJhw,f/ tdrfa&mufawmh jcif;awmif;xJu0ufaygufuav; ESpfaumifudk tjyifxkwf? 'l;ESpfvHk;ay:tomwif?tr,fav;av; aysmfaevdkufyHkrsm; NyHK;vdkY&,fvdkY/ tbGm;tdkav;u tBuD;aumifudk ]r[mwGH"dv} vdkY trnfay;vdkufw,f/ ti,faumifudkawmh]ukvwGH"dv}wJh/

wpfp wpfpeJY &uf v ESpfawG ukefvGefvmcJhw,f/ tbGm;tdkav;u0ufaygufuav;ESpfaumifudk aumif;rGefwJh tpm;tpmawG aeYpOfauR;w,f/om;&if; orD;&if;vdkvnf; cspfaerdw,f/

wpfaeYusawmh tbGm;tdkav;aexdkifwJh ae&meJY reD;ra0;u&Gmwpf&GmrSm tifrwefBuD;rm;wJh pm;yGJBuD;wpfck usif;yw,f/ tJ'D&Gmom;awG[m wpfaeukef pm;Mu? aomufMu? rl;Mu ,pfMuaygh/ 'gayrJh


&GmxJrSm&SdwJh om;ig;awGom ukefoGm;w,f/ &Gmom;awG r0EdkifMuao;bl;/

qufcsifMuao;w,f/ 'geJY olwdkY[m tbGm;tdkav;qD xGufvmcJhMuw,f/

]tara& a[m'DrSm aiGAs/ tarh 0ufESpfaumifudk a&mif;aemf}

]tr,fav;? BuHBuD;pnf&mawmf? ra&mif;Edkifygbl;? ihg0ufuav;

awGudk rif;wdkYvufxJ b,fvdkvkyf xnhf&ufEdkifrSmvJ? tif; aeygOD; ? rdcif

wpfa,muf[m aiG&zdkY olYrSm om;&if; orD;&if;awGudk a&mif;½dk;xHk;pHa&m

&SdMuvdkYvm;[if? ajymMuprf;ygOD;}

]aBomf tar&,f? olwdkYu om;&if; orD;&iff;awGrS r[kwfbJ?

0ufawGyJAsm? 'D0ufawGeJY tar bmvkyfOD;rSmvJ/ uJyg tar&m a&mif;vdkuf

prf;yg? bmvJ aiGenf;vdkYvm;? a&mh a&mh a[m'D a&T'*Fg;awG tukef,lvdkuf

ayawmh}

'gayrJh tbGm;tdkav;u vdrfvdrfrmrmeJYyJ acgif;cgvdkufw,f

'Dawmh0uf0,fvdkol&Gmom;awGutbGm;tdkav;udkao&nfawGwdkuf

w,f/ tbGm;tdkav; rl;vmawmhrS xyffqG,fMujyefw,f/

]uJ tara&? 'DaiGawGudk vufcHaemf}

]&w,fav? &ygw,f? vdkwm&apraygh? tJ wpfckawmh&Sd&JU?

r[mwGH"dvudkawmh ig ra&mif;bl;? b,fawmhrS ra&mif;bl;? vdkcsif&if

ukvwGHG"dvudk ,loGm;Mu? 'gyJ}

oabmwlnDrI&wJhtcg tbGm;tdkav;u wHcg;0rSm csxm;wJh

0ufpm;cGufxJudk xrif;enf;enf;xnhfNyD; ]ukvwGH"dv? ukvwGH"dv} vdkY

ac:vdkufw,f/

tbGm;tdkav; ac:aeoHudk r[mwGH"dvuMum;awmh ]r[kwfao;

ygbl;? igwdkY rdcifBuD;[m ukvwGH"dvudk b,fwkef;urS t&ifrac:zl;ygbl;?

ighemrnfudkom t&ifac:NrJyg? tif; wdkYESpfOD;tay: tEÅ&m,f wpfpHk

wpf&mawmh usvmawmhr,fxifw,f}vdkY awG;NyD; pdwfrcsrf;rom jzpfae

rdw,f/

'DtcdkufrSm ]ukvwGH"dv} tbGm;tdkav;qD oGm;aeNyDaygh/ 'gayrJh

wHcg;0u pm;cGufudk vSrf;jrifw,f/ BudK;ukdk,fpDudkifxm;olawGudk jrifw,f/

'gaMumihf ukvwGH"dv quffoGm;zdkY r0Hhr&Jjzpfvmw,f/ aMumufpdwfvGefuJ


vmwJhtcg qufroGm;awmhbJ r[mwGH"dvqD ta&mufajy;awmhw,f/olYESvHk;om;uav; ckefaew,ff/ &yfwpfjyifvHk; wkefaew,f/

xdwfxdwfysmysmjzpfvmwJh ukvwGH"dvudk r[mwGH"dv pdwfxdef;NyD;at;aq;wnfNidrfpGm qD;ar;vkdufw,f/

]nDav; ukvwGH"dv bmaMumihffrsm; 'Davmufxd xdyfxdyfysmysmacsmufacsmufcsm;csm; jzpfae&ovJ}

]rdcifBuD;u uREfkyfwdkY pm;cGufudk wHcg;0rSm csxm;w,f/ wHcg;0rSmvnf; BudK;udk,fpDudkifxm;wJhvlawG &yhfaeMuw,f/ tpfudkuREfkyfwdkYtay:tEÅ&m,fqdk;BuD; usa&mufawmhr,f xifyg&JU}

r[mwGH"dv&JU El;nHhwJh rsufvHk;tpHk[m olYnDtay: MuifMuifemempl;pdkufaew,f/ cPMumrS wkd;niff;csKdompGm jyefajymvdkufw,f/

]cspfnD ukvwGH"dv? cspfnD&JUOD;acgif;udk wkefvIyfjcif;uif;wJh pdwfeJYarmhxm;vdkufprf;yg? 0rf;renf;ygeJY cspfnD? wdkYwpfawGudk jyKpkauR;arG;vmwJht&if;cH taMumif;udk cspfnD oabmaygufxm;prf;yg? vlawGtvdk&SdwmuwdkY&JU tom;yJr[kwfvm; cspfnD? uJ cspfnD? rdcifBuD;ac:aeygw,f/oGm;vdkufygawmh cspfnD}

r[mwGH"dv[m pdwfxdcdkufvGef;vdkY rsuf&nfaygufaygufusvmw,f/ 'gayr,hf ajymp&m rukefao;bl;/

]a&mifrsKd;pHkwJh pm;aomufyGJaeYBuD;rSmvdka&tdkifi,fxJa&csKd;yg nDi,f?'Dtcg b,faomtcgrS &eHYrjy,fr,fhtarT;eHYomwpfckoif awGYEdkifayr,f}tvdk tHhzG,fo&Jygvm;/ avmutm;vHk; b,fvkdb,fyHk jzpfoGm;

ygvdrhf/ rsufpdatmufrSmyJ ½kwfw&uf ajymif;vJukefNyD/ jrufyifawGMum;uyef;uav;awG? ESvHk;om; EkEkzyfzyfuav;awG zGihfNyD; em;pGihfaeMuNyD/ tdkMunfhprf;? opfyifawGawmif tvdktavsmuf udkiff;nGwfoGm;Muyguvm;/av &yfwhHoGm;NyD/ aus;iSufom&umawGvnf; ysH&if; wHkYqdkif;oGm;MuNyD/tbGm;tdkuav;eJY 0uf0,f&Gmom;rsm; rl;,pfjcif;aysmufuif;oGm;MuNyD/udkifaqmifxm;wJh BudK;awG tvkdvdkvGwfusukefNyD/ arwåmydkYoHav;wpfck[mAm&mPoDjynfwGif;txd ysHUvGihfxkd;azmufvmcJhNyD/ axmifaygif;rsm;pGmaomvlcsrf;omrsm;? vlqif;&Jrsm;u arwåmydkYoH csKdjrjrudk Mum;MuNyD/ Mum;Mu


olwdkif; pdwfESvHk; ñdI;csKH; aMuuGJaeMuNyD/ a[m vlawG? vlawG? rñdSxm;ygbJvsuf wlaeyguvm;/ olwdkYtm;vHk; arwåmoH&JU tp rlv ae&mbufOD;wnfavQmufoGm;aeMuNyD/ tdrfav;wpfvHk;a&SU olwdkYa&mufvmcJhMuNyD/tdk NcHpnf;½dk;awGudk csKd;zsufNyD; tdrfuav;udk 0dkif;xm;Muyga&mvm;/

ukvwGH"dvcrsm bmudkrS rjrifEdkif&Smbl;/ bmudkrSvnf; rMum;Edkif&Smbl;/ tpfudk r[mwGH"dv ajymMum;vdkufwJh pum;t"dyÜm,fudk oabmayguf em;vnfatmifyJ pOf;pm;aew,f/

]]ightpfukd bmaMumifh 'Dpum;ukd ajymwmvJ? igwkdY b,fwkef;urSvnf; a&tkdifi,fxJ a&qif;rcsKd;cJhMuzl;bl;/ tarT;eHUomqkdwmukdvnf;wpfMudrf wpfcgrS rawGUjrifcJhzl;bl;? tkd nDav; bmrS rawG;wwfawmhbl;}} aemufqkH;awmh ukvwGH"dv[m tpfukdajymvkdufwJhpum;t"dyÜm,fukdodvdkaZmeJYar;Munhfvdkufw,f/

]tpfudk tpfudkYpum;t"dyÜm,fudk &Sif;jyygawmh? nDi,fem;rvnfEdkifawmhyg? a&tdkifi,fqdkwm bmudk qdkvdkygovJ tpfudk? aemufNyD;b,faomtcgrS &eHYrjy,fwJh tarT;eHYom qdkwmua&m bmrsm;ygvJtpfudk}


r[mwGH"dvu wnfwnfNidrfNidrf jyefajzw,f/ vltkyfBuD;uvnf;wkwfwkwfrQ rvIyfbJ em;axmifaeMuw,f/

]cspfnD? a&tdkifi,fqdkwm cspfjcif;arwåmyg? 'D cspfjcif;arwåmonfyyifvQif b,faomtcgrS &eHYrjy,fwJh tarT;eHYom jzpfayw,f/ 0rff;renf;prf;ygeJY nDi,fav;? 'DavmuxJu xGufcGmoGm;zdkY qefcsnfwpfrQifrQ0rf;renf;prf;ygeJY? touf&SifvsufeJY pdwfrcsrf;ajrhaeolawG tajrmuftjrm;&Sdaeygw,f? om,mcsrf;ajrhrItwGuf toufay;aeMuolawGvnf; a&wGufrukefEdkifygbl; cspfnD}

'DcsKdjrMunfat;wJh arwåmoH[m eef;jyó'fudk ausmfjzwfvGihfysHUvmw,f/ Am&mPoDjynfh&Sifudk,fwkdif Mum;rdvdkufw,f/ 'DtoHaMumihfbk&if pdwfxdcdkufNyD; rsuf&nfvnfvmw,f/

tbGm;tdkav;&JUwJtdrfudk0dkif;xm;MuwJhtxJrSm Am&mPoDjynfom;awG tajrmuftjrm;ygaew,f/olwdkYtm;vHk;0rf;omaysmfjrL;aeMuw,f/ckefaygufatmf[pfaeMuw,f/ vufawG a0SY&rf;aeMuw,f/ aemufqHk;rSmolwdkY[m r[mwGH"dveJY ukvwGH"dv 0ufnDaemifudk eef;awmfwGif; ta&mufo,faqmifvmMuawmhw,f/

bk&ifu 0ufnDaemifudk taumif;qHk;tarT;eHYom&nfrsm;eJY oefYpifay;zdkY? ydk;NcHKxnfrsm;eJY vTrf;NcKHay;zdkY csufcsif;trdefYawmfxkwfvkdufw,f/NyD;awmh &wemuHk;awGudk vnfrSmqGJapw,f/ 0ufnDaemif[m jA[®'wfbk&iftouf&Sifaeoa&GU eef;awmfBuD;xJrSm aexkdifoGm;Muw,f/ trItcif;wpfpHkwpf&m qHk;jzwfp&m&Sdwkdif; jrihfjrwfvSwJh r[mwGH"dv a&SUarSmufrSmtppftaq;? tqHk;tjzwf cH,lapw,f/

ESpfaygif; tawmfMumvmwJhtcg jA[®'wfbk&if ouf&G,fBuD;&ihftdkrif;vm&mu ewf&GmpHw,f/ 'DawmhrSyJ r[mwGH"dveJY ukvwGH"dv0ufnDaemif[m awmwGif;rSmaexdkifMuzdkY a&Teef;awmfBuD;u xGufcGmvmMuw,f/ 0ufnDaemif xGufcGmoGm;MuNyDqdkawmh Am&mPoDjynfoljynfom;awG pdwfraumif;jzpfMuw,f/ 0rf;en;faMuuGJMuw,f/ rsuf&nfpufvufeJYusef&pfcJhMuw,f/

bmyJjzpfjzpf w&m;rQwrIuawmh Am&mPoDjynfrSm qufvuf&SifoefaeqJyJ/ jynfoljynfom;tcsif;csif;uvnf; armif&if;ESrawGvdkcspfcspfcifcif aexdkifoGm;Muw,f/ tm;vHk;yJ aysmf&Tifcsrf;ajrhMuw,f/ n


olwdkYZeD;armifESH[m tck touft&G,fawG tdkrif;&ifha&mfvmwmrSefw,f/ qif;&Jwm rSefw,f/ 'gayr,hf olwdkYESpfOD;pvHk;[m [dk;i,fpOfuaysmffcJh? MunfEl;cJhovdk aysmfaeqJ? MunfEl;aeqJyJ/ olwdkY b0wm wpfavQmufvHk; wpfOD;udkwpfOD; ESpfESpfumumBuD;udk cspfcJhMuw,f/ olwdkYESvHk;om;rSmudef;0yfaewJh aysmf&Tifcsrf;ajrhrI[m b,fawmhrS rysufjy,fEdkifawmhbl;/

olwdkY&JU taqmifta,mifrJhwJh wJuav;u awmifqif;wpfckay:rSmav/ tjcm;wJawG? tdrfawGeJY enf;enf;vSrf;w,faygh/ tbkd;eJYtbGm;uolwdkYqD a&mufvmolrSeforQ t,kwftvwf tjrwfra&G; MuifMuifemem?ysLysLiSmiSm vufcHquffqHMuw,f/ awmifapmif;atmufu vlawGeJYawmhodyftquftqH rvkyfbl;av/ cyfwef;wef; cyfrSefrSefyJ qufqHw,ff/tJ'DvlawGu p½dkufMurf;Muw,f/ wpfudk,faumif; qefMuw,f/aumufuspf&ufpufMuw,f/ 'gaMumihfyJ xifw,f tdkvHypfawmifawmfay:u ewfbk&m;awG 'DnrSm olwdkYwpfawGudk 'PfcwfzdkY pDpOfaeMuNyDav/

ewfbk&m;awG tpDtpOfudk tbkd;eJYtbGm;uawmh b,fodyghrvJ/'gaMumihfrdkYvnf; axGaxGxl;xl; wpfckck jzpfvmawmhr,fqdkwmudk vHk;0rawG;rdMubl;/ awmifapmif;atmufbufu qlqlnHnHtoHawGay:vmawmhawmif rkefwdkif;rdvmMuwJh c&D;oGm;awGudk tMuifemrJh armif;xkwfaeoHawGjzpfrSmyJvdkY awG;½dk;awG;pOf awG;vdkufMuw,f/ wu,fawmhvnf; awmifapmif; atmufbufu vlawG[m olpdrf;{nfhonfawGudk b,fwkef;urSpmemaxmufxm;cJhMuwm r[kwfbl;av/ wpfcgwpf&H tifrwef½dkif;pdkif;wJhacG;awGeJY ½SL;wdkufMuw,f/ wpfcgwpf&H cJawGeJY ayguffMuw,f/

tckvdk rkefwdkif;xefaewkef; qlqlnHnHtoHawG Mum;vdkuf&awmhtbkd;eJYtbGm;u ]tif; c&D;onfawGcrsm oem;p&m? tbdk;wdkY tbGm;wdkYqDyJvmcJhMuyguG,f} vdkY wD;wdk; a&&GwfrdvdkufMuao;w,f/ tbdk;eJYtbGm;wD;wdk;a&&GwfoHrSm {nfhonfrsm;udk qGJiifEdkifwJhtm;} wpfpHkwpf&m ygaeovm;yJ/ wD;wdk;a&&GwfvdkY rMumcifrSmyJ {nfhonfESpfOD;a&mufvmw,fav/

wHcg;acgufoH Mum;vdkufwmeJY tbkd; zDvDrGef wHcg;zGifhay;zdkYcyfoGufoGufuav; xoGm;w,f/ wHcg;yGifhoGm;csdefrSm vQyfpD;wpfcsufjyufvdkufwmrdkY {nhfonfESpfa,muf wHcg;0rSm &yfaewmudk oJoJuGJuGJjrifvdkufw,f/

wpfa,muffu t&yfjrihfjrifh/ bk&ihf½kyf&nfrsKd;/ usefwpfa,mufu


cyfoGufoGuf/ usufoa&&SdwJh vli,fygyJ/ {nfhonfESpfa,mufpvHk;0wf½HkeufBuD;awG NcHKxm;w,f/ ESpfa,mufpvHk; rdk;a&awG &TJ&TJepfffaewmrdkYtbkd;u olwdkYudk wJxJtjrefac:? rdk;pufawG ryufEdkifatmif wHcg;udkjyefydw/ ]uJarmif&ifav;wdkY?pdwfcsrf;omvufcsrf;omaeMuaemftbkd;wdkYuqif;&Jw,fuGJU? 'gayr,fh tbdk;wdkYrSm &Sdwmudkawmh apwemtjynhft0eJYrQa0auR;arG;cJhMupNrJyguG,f}

{nhfonfESpfa,mufut0wfpdkawGudkcRwfwJhtcg tbdk;u ulcRwfay;w,f/ NyD;awmh rD;zdkem;ac:oGm;w,f/ tbGm; abmppfu {nhfonfESpfa,mufudk auR;arG;zdkY oGufoGufuav; jyifqifaew,f/ axGaxGxl;xl;awmh r[kwfbl;aygh/ udwfuav;enf;enf; vwfqwfwJhopfoD;wpfyef;uef? wdkYp&mt&Guf ysm;&nfeJY EdkYwpfu&m;ygyJ/

tbdk;eJY tbGm;u {nfhonfESpffa,mufudk *½kpdkuf{nhfcHzdkY jyifqifaecdkdufrSm {nfhonfESpfa,muf&JU xl;jcm;rIudkvnf; owdjyKrdMuw,f/ 'D{nfhonf ESpfa,mufuawmh [dkd;wkef;u vmzl;wJh {nhfonfawGeJY rwlbl;/toufBuD;NyD; t&yfjrihfwJh {nhfonfu cefYacsmacsmw,f/ MoZmwduúr&SdyHk&w,f/ tif; olYrsufESmu tawmhfudk cuffxefyHkyJ/

tbdk;eJY tbGm;txif odyfrSefw,f/ bmaMumihfvJqdkawmh tJ'D{nhfonfu awmifapmif;atmufbufu vlawGudk odyfemusnf;aeqJrdkYrsufESmu cufxefaewm trSefyJav/

usufoa&&SdwJh cyfi,fi,f{nfhonfujzihf tawmfhudk tHhMozdkYaumif;w,f/ olYudk MunhfMunhfNyD; tbdk;eJY tbGm; MuufaoaooGm;&wJhtxdyJ/ olYOD;xkyfeJY zdeyfrSm tawmifav;awGygaew,f/ vIyf&Sm;yHkuvnf; odyfudkjrefqefvGef;w,f/ olYvufxJu wkwfuvnf; pdwf0ifpm;p&m/ xl;xl;jcm;jcm; wkwfyJ/ 'DwkwfrSmvnf; tawmifav;ESpfzufeJYwkwfudka>rESpfaumifu &pfywfxm;w,fav/

wu,fawmh 'D{nfhonfESpfa,muf[m tdkvHypfawmifawmf&JUewfbk&m; *sLyDwmeJY ewfbk&m;&JU ajcjrefawmf rmusL&DyJ/ tbdk;eJYtbGm;uawmh vHk;0udkr&dyfrdMubl;/xl;jcm;w,fqdkwmavmufyJ owdjyKrdMuw,fav/

ewfbk&m;awGu awmifapmif;atmufbuf&Gmudk a&mufzl;olawG&JUajymoHqdkoHawGudk Mum;cJh&aygif; rsm;vSNyD/ ajymMuwmawG rSefrrSef od&atmif rmusL&Dudk tazmftjzpfac:cJhNyD; tckvdk *sLyDwm a&mufvmwmyJ/


ckawmh ewfbk&m;awG oH,o0ifaep&mrvdkawmhbl;/ olwdkYESpfOD;u½kyfzsufNyD; awmifapmif;atmufbufu &Gmudk 0ifcJhNyD/ &Gmom;awG&JU½dkif;½dkif;ysys qufqHvdkufMuwmudk udk,fwkdifcHcJhMu&NyD/

a[m? a[m'D tbdk;eJY tbGm;wdkYuawmh apmapmuawGUcJhwJhvlawGeJYqDeJYa&/ odyfMuifemwwfMuw,f/ ulnDapmifrvdkpdwf ,dkzdwfaeMuw,f/apwem xufoefMuw,f/

*sLyDwmu tbkd;eJYtbGm;wdkYudk aus;Zl;wHkYjyefzdkY pdwful;w,f/*sLyDwmu tbGm; abmppfudk ajymw,f/]tbGm;eJY tbdk;wdkYu b,fvdkvJAs/ touft&G,fawG tdkrif;

&ihfa&mfaeMuwmawmif aysmffaeMuqJ/ MunfEl;aeMuqJyJaemf/ tNrJwrf;i,f&G,fEkysKdaeMuovdkygyJ}

tbGm;abmppfu ½dkd;½dk;av;yJ NyHK;NyD;jyefajymw,f/]aysmfwmuawmh ESvHk;om;xJu vmwJh tcspfaMumihfaygh om;&,f/

i,f&G,fEkysKdyHk ay:aewmuawmh pdwfcsrf;omvdkYaygh}*sLyDwm odyfudk b0ifcdkufoGm;w,f/ 'gaMumihf tbdk;eJYtbGm;u

olYudk ai;pdkufNyD;Munhfaerdatmif zefwD;vkdufw,f/ b,fvdkzefwD;vdkufygvdrhf/

tck EdkYu&m;xJrSm EdkYukefaeNyDav/ *sLyDwmu ]EdkYxyfay;ygOD;}vdkYawmif;w,f/ 'DawmhtbGm;utm;emoGm;w,f/ pdwfraumif;jzpfoGm;w,f/]EdkYukefaeNyD om;&,f} vdkY rsuffESmav;iHkYajymvdkufw,f/ 'Dawmh *sLyDdwmu]tbGm;? 'DrSm MunhfygOD;}vdkY ajymNyD; EdkYukefaewJhu&m;udk iSJYvdkufw,f/EdkYawGtrsm;BuD;usvmw,f/ aomufvdkYudk rukefawmhbl;/ tbdk;zDvDrGefu EdkYraomufcsifawmhvdkYa&wpfcGuf,laomufjyefawmhtifrwefaumif;wJh 0dkift&ufawG jzpfaejyefw,f/

wpfNydKifwnf;rSmyef;uefxJuopfoD;awG tBuD;BuD;jzpfvmw,f/odyfudkvSwmyJ/ 'DavmufBuD;NyD;vSwJh opfoD;rsKd; tbdk;eJY tbGm; b,fwkef;urS rjrifzl;bl;/ udwfrkefUawGysm;&nfawGuvnf; tvQHy,f/ bk&ihfyGJawmfutpm;tpmxufawmif ydkt&om&Sdw,f xif&&JU/

'Dvdk 'Dvdk xl;qef; thHrcef;wJh rsufjrifjzpf&yfawGaMumihf tbdk;a&mtbGm;yg *sLyDwmudk ai;pdkufMunhfaeMuw,f/ ai;pdkufMunhfaewJh wpfcsdefvHk;rSmvnf; 'gawG[m ½dk;½dk;wef;wef; jzpf&yfawGr[kwfbl;/ arSmf 'grSr[kwf


wefcdk;&SifwpfOD;OD;&JU ya,m*ygaewm aocsmw,f/ wdkY {nfhonfESpf

a,muf[m vlomrmefawG r[kwffwef&m? ewfbk&m;awGrsm;vm;}

tawG;cufrawG jzmjzmxGufvmayr,fh tbkd;eJYtbGm;u pyfpyfpkpk

vkyfrdwJhtxdawmh r½dkif;bl;av/ rodusKd;uRefjyKNyD; £ajErysufaevdkufMu

w,f/

tdyfcsdefa&mufawmh {nhfonfESpfOD;udk olwdkYtdyf&mrSmodyfNyD; olwdkY

uawmh rD;zdkab;rSm tdyfMuw,f/

aemufwpfaeYreufrSm {nhfonfESpfOD;twGuf eHeufpm jyifqif

csufjyKwfzdkY tbdk;eJYtbGm; apmapmxMuw,f/

rmusL&DeJY *sLyDwmwdkY[m 'DrSmMumMumraeEdkifMubl;/ c&D;qufMu&

OD;r,f/ 'gaMumihf jyefcgeD;rSm tdrf&Siftbdk;eJY tbGm;udk trSeftwdkif;

zGihfajymvdkufw,f/ zGihfajymaewJh tcsdeftwGif;rSm udk,fa&mifudk,f0gawG

xGef;vif;axmufyvmw,f/ 'Dawmh tbdk;eJY tbGm;aMumuffpdwf0ifvmNyD;

'll;axmufvdkufMuw,f/

'DawmhrS *sLyDwmu ESpfOD;pvHk;udk &yfapNyD; ]raMumufMuygeYJAsm?

tbkd;eJY tbGm;wdkYu uReffawmfwdkYudk apwemxm;NyD; auR;arG;cJhMuygNyD/

'DtwGuf aus;Zl;wHkYjyefyg&ap/ awmifapmif;atmufbufu vlawGuawmh

aus;Zl;wHkYjyefcsifp&m wpfpufuav;rS r&Sdbl;/ at;av olwdkYtm;vHk;

uvnf; {nhfonfawGudk aemuffb,ffawmhrS rawmfrw&m; jyKusihfEdkifMu

awmhrSm r[kwfygbl;/ apmifhomMunhfMuygAsm}

tbkd;eJY tbGm;u wHcg;udk zGihfMunhfvdkufMuw,f/ raeYutxd

&Sdaeao;wJh &Gmae&mrSm euf½Idif;vSwJh a&tdkifBuD;wpfckudk vSrf;jrif&w,f/

*sLyDwmu olYpum;udk jyefqufw,f/

]uJ uJ {nhf0wfauscJhMuwJhtwGuf qkay;vdkvSygw,fAsm/ vdk&mqk

awmif;Muygawmh}

tpawmh tbkd;eYJtbGm;u bmqkawmif;&rSef; rodMubl;/ aMumif

trf;trf;jzpfaeMuw,fav/ olwdkYu qif;&JMuayr,fh aysmfaeMuawmh

csrf;omatmif qkawmif;zdkYvnf; trSwfr&Mubl;/ qkawmif;cufaewmudk

&dyfrdawmh *sLyDwmu ]jznf;jznf;pOf;pm;ayghav} vdkY ajymvdkufawmhrSyJ

tbdk; zDvDrGefu ]usKyfwdkYESpfa,mufpvHk;udk pdwf'ku©jzpfapwm wpfck&Sd


ygw,f/ usKyfwdkYtck tdkrif;rpGrf;jzpfaeMuNyDav/ wpfaeYus cGJMu&awmhr,f

usKyfwdkY rcGJcsifMubl;/ 'Dvdk rcGJcsifMuwm[m usKyfwdkYESpfa,mufvHk;twGuf

pdwf'ku©BuD;ygyJ? trSeftwdkif; 0efcH&&if tckvdkyJ ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm; qufaecsif

vSygw,f/ rae&vdkY aoMu&&ifvnf; wpfcsdefwnf; wpfNydKifwnf;

aocsifMuygw,f} vdkY ESpfOD;qE´udk xkwfazmfvdkufwJhtcg

]tbkd;eJY tbGm; qE´udk jznffhay;zdkY bmrS rcufygbl;av/ uJ

jynhfapAsm;}

vQyfpD;wpfcsufjyufvdkufwmeJYtwl *sLyDwmeJY rmusL&D uG,faysmuf

oGm;awmhw,f/ zDvDrGefeJY abmppf rsufpdzGihfMunhfvdkufw,f/ olwkYd

wJuav;u vSyoyf&yfwJh tdrfuav;wpfvHk;jzpfaeNyD/ aecsihfpzG,f

tcef;uav;awGeJY tdrfvSvSuav;aygh/ aemufNyD;aeomcsdeffrSm xGufxdkifzdkY

O,smOfBuD;wpfck/

zDvDrGefeJYabmppf ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm aysmfaysmf&Tif&Tif aexdkifoGm;Muw,f

wpfOD;eJYwpfOD; odyfcspfMuvGef;vdkY zDvDrGef&JUtjrifrSm abmppfu [dkpOfwkef;u

twdkif; EkysKdaew,f/ vSaew,f/ abmppf&JUtjrifrSmvnf; zDvDrGefu

acsmNrJacsmaew,f/ EkysKdNrJ EkysKdaew,f/

'Dvdk cHpm;aysmfyg;NyD; ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm aevmcJhwJhwpfaeYrSmawmh

olwdkYaozdkYaeYwpfaeY a&mufvmcJhw,f/ olwdkYawmif;wJhqkawG twdkif;yJ

ESpfOD; wpfNydKifwnf; ao;qHkchJMuw,f/ 'DaeYrSmyJ olwdkY0dnmOfudk ewfbk&m;

rsm;&JU ajcjrefawmf rmusL&Du at;&dyfajrudk csufcsif; o,faqmifoGm;w,ff/

aemufydkif; tcsdeftawmfMumvmwJhtcg olwdkYaexdkifoGm;wJh tdrf

vSvSav;&JU ab;wpfzufwpfcsufrSm 0ufopfcsyifwpfyifeJY oHy&myifuav;

wpfyifaygufvmw,f/ 'Dtyifav;ESpfyifu opfoD;awG MuD;vmMuwJhtcg

wpfyifeJYwpfyif ,SufEG,foGm;Muw,f/ avjynfuav;rsm; aoG;vmNyD

qdk&if0ufopfcsyifuav;awGu ] zDvDrGefa&? usKyf tdkygNyD/ 'gayrJh

rif;udkawmh cspfaeqJyJyguG,f} vdkY ajymaeovm; xif&ovdk oHy&myif&JU

vIyfcwfoHuav;awGuvnf; ]abmppfa&/ ig tdkaeygNyDuG,f/ 'gayrJh

rif;udkawmh cspfaeqJygyJ}vdkY ajymaeovdkygyJwJh/

n


urÇmwnfoa&GUoufwrf;&SnfrnhfrufvHk;urÇmwnfoa&GUoufwrf;&SnfrnhfrufvHk;urÇmwnfoa&GUoufwrf;&SnfrnhfrufvHk;urÇmwnfoa&GUoufwrf;&SnfrnhfrufvHk;urÇmwnfoa&GUoufwrf;&SnfrnhfrufvHk;

[dk; a&S;a&S;wkef;u touft½G,f tdkrif;&ifha&mfvSjyDjzpfwJh olMuG,fBuD;wpfOD;&SdowJh/ wpfaeYawmh ol[m olYaemufqHk;&ufrsm; eD;uyfvmjyDqdkwmawG;rdwJhtwGuf om;awG;ac:jyD; tarGcGJay;vdkufw,f/ 'gayrJh olxifxm;ovdk raoqHk;bJ ESpftawmfMumatmif touf&SifaeowJh/ wu,fawmhqufjyD; touf&Sif&wJh tJ'D aemufydkif;ESpfawG[m ol<u,ftdkMuD;tzdkYpdwfrcsrf;ajrhp&m ESpfumvrsm;yJjzpfw,fav/ Z&m&Jh txktaxmif;cH&?om;awG&Jh jiLpl&ufpufrI'Pfudkvnf; tvl;tvJcHae&wmudk;/

tif; om;awG[m tawmfudk ,kwfnHhMuygvm;/ aus;Zl;uef;jyD;twÅvGefuJvGef;vSyguvm;/[if;[dkwkef;ursm;awmhvnf; jyKpkvdkufMuwm?,k,vdkufMuwm/ olYxufig tjydKiftqdkifaygh/ tif;av tarGvdkcsifMuwmudk;/ ckawmh olMuG,ftdkMuD;udk zkwfavwJhig;yd &Sdw,fawmifrxifMuawmhbl;/ ypfxm; arhxm;vdkufMujyDav/ tif; tarG&MujyD;rSudk;/om;awG[m b,favmufrsm; &ufpufMuovJqdk&if zciftdkMuD; rusef;rrmjzpfrSmvnf; awG;rylMubl;wJh/ raumif;wwffvdkYomaygh/ wu,fawmhjrefjrefaooGm;av aumif;avrdkY jrefjrefaoygapvdkYawmif qkawmif;csifMuowJh/ raoao;oa&GU olwdkY 'ku©cHaeMu&rSmudk;/ aiGukefaMu;usrsm;aeMu&rSmudk;/ odyfrdkufuef;vSwJh om;awGrdkY olwdkY pddwfoabmxm;


trSefudk zciftdkMuD;odoGm;atmif ajymifajymifwif;wif;yJ rMum;wMum;

ajymMuowJh/ 'Dawmh ol<u,ftdkMuD;crsm b,fhES,fvkyf pdwfcsrf;omEdkif

awmhrSmvJ/

tJwpfaeYawmhol<u,ftdkMuD;qD rdwfaqGwpfa,muftvnftywf

a&mufvmw,f/ 'Dtcg ol<u,ftdkMuD;u om;awGu jiLplyHk? &ufpufyHk?

ol pdwfrcsrf;romjzpf&yHk tdk olcHpm;ae&wJh 'ku©tzHkzHkudk &ifzGifhawmh

owJh/ 'Dawmh pdwfaumif;&SdwJh rdwfaqGu ol<u,ftdkMuD;udk odyfoem;

oGm;w,f/ 'gaMumifh ]taqG ol<u,fMuD;? taqGcHpm;ae&wJh um,'ku©?

pdwÅ'ku©tm;vHk;u vGwfajrmufzdkYenf;vrf; uREfkyf &SmMunfhygOD;r,f}vkdY

ajzodrfhjyD; jyefoGm;owJh/ &uftawmfMumwJhtcg olMuG,ftdkMuD;rdwfaqG

jyefa&mufvmw,f/ oleJYtwl ausmufcJ ovJawG tjynfhodyfwnfhxm;wJh

tdwfMuD;av;vHk;vnf; ygvmowJh/


]uJ taqGolMuG,fMuD;? uREfkyf uaeY taqGYqDvmwJhtaMumif;taqGYom;awG odMurSmtrSefyJ?vm&if;udpöudk ar;vm; jref;vm;vkyfrSmvnf;aocsmw,f? wu,fvdkYrsm; olwdkYu uREfkyfajymovkd ar;Mu jref;Mur,fqdk&if [dk ESpfaygif;rsm;pGmu uREfkyf,lxm;wJh a<u;awGudk vmqyfwm?'gaMumifh [dkwkef;uxufawmif ydkcsrf;omvmw,fvdkYom ajymvdkufaya&mh?tJ wpfckawmh rSmxm;yg&ap? 'DtdwfawGudkawmh taqG ol<u,fMuD;eJYruGJruGmxm;yg? taqGYom;awGvufxJ ra&mufygapeJY? uREkfyfajymwJhtwdkif;om taqG ol<u,fBuD; twdtus aqmif&Gufprf;yg? rMumciftaqGUom;awG&JU jyKrlajymqdkyHk? taqGYtay: qufqHyHkawG wpfrlxl;jcm;vmygvdrfhr,fAsm} vdkY ajymjyD; jyefoGm;w,f/

rdwfaqGajymoGm;wJhtwdkif;yJ aemufydkif;usawmh om;awGuzciftdkMuD;em;uyfjyD; ar;MuowJh? pyfpkMuowJh/ ol<u,ftdkMuD;uvnf;rdwfaqG rSmcJhovdk ajymjyxm;vdkufw,f/ 'Dawmh om;awG[m avmbaZmwdkufMuvmjyD; tarGr&cifwkef;uxuf jyKpkvmMujyefa&mwJh/ ,k,k,,vnf; vkyfvmMujyefw,f/ pdwfcsrf;omatmifvnf; zefwD;Mujyefw,f/'Dvdk jyKpk,k,cH&if;eJY aemufqHk;rSm olMuG,ftdkMuD; aoqHk;oGm;owJh/

tJ om;awG[m zciftdkMuD;vnf;qHk;a&m tdwfMuD;av;vHk;udktirf;r& zGifhMuawmhowJh/ tif; aiGawG xyf&csnfao;&JUqdkwJh tawG;eJYayghav/ 'gayrJh tawGUeJY tawG;u wjcm;pDjzpfoGm;owJh/ bmaMumifhvJqdkawmh tdwfawGxJrSm aiGawGr&SdbJ ausmufcJ ovJawGom &SdaewJhtwGufaygh/

n


usL&GufrsufcH k;usL&GufrsufcH k;usL&GufrsufcH k;usL&GufrsufcH k;usL&GufrsufcH k;

[dk; a&S;tcgu ]csifvD,if} trnf&SdwJh rdef;rysdKuav;wpfa,muf&SdcJhw,f/olr[m usLudkif;uav;vdk usufoa&&SdjyD; ausmufpdrf;&kyfwkwpfckvdkvSowJh/ 'gayrJh olr&JUtvStyudk zsufpD;xm;wJh wpfckawmh&Sdaew,f/wjcm; r[kwfbl;/ rsufcHk;ay:u trm&Gwfuav;yJ/ 'Dtrm&GwfaMumifhb,fbufrsufcHk;arG;u jywfaew,faygh/ i,fi,fwkef;u&cJhwJh 'Pf&mutrm&GwfjzpfjyD; ckvdk rsufcHk;tvS ysufoGm;&wmaygh/

wpfaeYawmh i,f&G,fvSyjyD; csrf;om<u,f0wJh ]0lzef;} [miSufodkufuav;awGEIdufzdkY csifvD,if tdrfab;u opfyifwpfyifay:wufoGm;w,f/ tay:a&mufvdkY jcHxJvSrf;MunhfvdkufwJhtcg O,smOfxJrSmxdkifjyD; pufcsKyfaewJh rdef;racsmuav;udk jrifvdkuf&w,f/ rdef;racsmuav;&JUtjypftemtqmuif;wJh rsufcHk;u ol vSrf;Munfh&mbufrSm &SdaevdkYjrifzl;orQ tvSawGxJrSmawmh 'Drdef;uav;[m tvSqHk;yJvdkY olxifvdkufw,f/ waphaphMunfhav cspfp&maumif;av? olr taMumif;awG;av tcspfpdwfawG wzGm;zGm;ay:vmavrdkY olrtay: ol odyfudkpGJvrf;aejyDqdkwm em;vnfoGm;w,f/ 'gaMumifh O,smOfxJrSm jrif&wJhrdef;rysdKuav;eJY vufxyfEdkifatmif pDpOfay;ygawmhvdkY rdbESpfyg;udktJ'DnrSmyJ ylqmawmhw,f/

rdbawGuvnf; tdrfeD;csif;atmifoG,fawmfMuD;udkac:jyD;taMumif;udpö ajymjyw,f/ csifvD,if tdrfudk atmifoG,fawmfMuD; tacgufacguftcgcgoGm;? vufaqmifawG tMudrfMudrfydkYjyD;wJhtcgrSmawmh vufxyfyGJudkpDpOfEdkifcJhw,f/ vufxyfyGJrusif;ycifrSm atmifoG,fawmfMuD;u 0lzef;udk

]rdef;rysdKuav;u awmf&Smygw,f? ½kyfvJvSw,f? csrf;vJ csrf;omw,f? 'gayrJh olYtvSrSm tjypfuav;wpfckawmh ruif;bl;? vufxyfyGJrusif;ycif tJ'D tjypfuav;udk rif; MudKodxm;zdkY vdkr,fxifwmyJ} vdkYajymw,f/

'Dawmh 0lzef;u ]olYudk uRefawmfawGjyD;ygjyDAsm? olYtvSudkuRefawmf odygw,f} vdkY jyefajymjyD; atmifoG,fawmfMuD; ajymwmawGudkbmrS qufem;raxmifawmhbl;/


'DvdkeJY aemufqHk;rSm vufxyfr*FvmyGJMuD; usif;ywJhaeY a&mufvmcJhw,f/ 'DaeYrSm csifvD,if&JU tdrf0if;wpfckvHk; &yfa0;&yfeD;u ydkYMuwJhvufzGJUypönf;awG awmifyHk&myHkaygh/

'gayrJh owdkYorD;uav;crsm raysmfEdkif&Smbl;/ tjypftemtqmruif;wJh rsufcHk;wpfzufudk cspfolu yxrqHk;tMudrf rxifrSwfbJjrifoGm;&ifpdwfqdk;oGm;r,fhta&;? pdwfysufoGm;r,fhta&;awG awG;rdjyD; pdk;wxdwfxdwfjzpfae&Smw,f/ tarMuD;uawmh ]atmifoG,fawmfMuD;u MudKajymxm;rSmaocsmygw,f orD;&,f? rsufcHk;uav; jywfaeayr,fh orD;cspfoluorD;udk jrwfEdk;rSmyg} vdkYtm;ay;w,f/ ESpfodrfhw,f/ 'geJYawmif owdkYorD;uav;crsm b0ifrat;Edkif&Smao;bl; r*Fvmtcrf;tem; usif;yaecdkufrSm rsufESmzHk;Zmatmufu rsufvHk;uav; yifhyifh jyD;tMunfh{nfhy&dwfowfawGMum;rSm jyHK;jyHK;½Tif½Tif &,f&,farmarmjzpfaewJh cspfoludkjrifavwdkif; &ifarmrdw,f/

r*Fvmtcrf;tem;jyD;qHk;vdkY {nfhy&dwfowfawGjyefMuwJhtcg owdkYorD;&JU rsufESmzHk;Zmudk owdkYom;u r wifay;zdkYtcsdef a&mufcJhw,f/'DtcsdefrsdK;rSm rsufcHk;wpfzufrSm&SdwJh tjypftemtqmuav;udk ol jrifoGm;jyD;tHhtm;oifh ai;idkifoGm;&if olYudkawmh b,fvkdrS tjypfwifjzpfrSmr[kwfygbl;/

xifxm;wJhtwdkif;ygyJ? oem;p&maumif;vSwJh rdef;rysdKuav;[mcifyGef;onf odyftHhtm;oifhoGm;wmudk jrifvdkuf&w,f/ 'geJY

]uRefr&JJU cspfvif&,f? uRefr&JU rvSry rsufcHk;wpfzuftaMumif;atmifoG,fawmfMuD;u rajymxm;bl;vm;&Sif? tJ'g i,fi,fwkef;u&cJhwJh'Pf&mav? i,fi,fwkef;u rdbawGeJYtwl &yfa0;u oli,fcsif;awGqDuRefr oGm;vnfcJhygw,f? O,smOfMuD;xJrSm uRefrwdkYaeYwdkif; upm;Muw,f?wpfaeYawmh aumifav;wpfa,mufu cJeJYvSrf;aygufw,f/ wu,fawmhaumifav;u uRefr temw&jzpfoGm;atmif r&nf&G,fwm trSefygyJ? 'gayrJhuRefr ezl;udk vmrSefvdk Y tck jrifwJhtwdkif; jzpfoGm;&w,fav?b,fae&mrSmrS tjypftemtqmr&SdwJh cspfvifeJYtwl uRefr rvdkufEdkfifwJhtwGufawmh uRefr odyf0rf;enf;rdygw,f} vdkY ajymjyw,f/

'Dawmh 0lzef;u


]tdktcspfuav;&,f?'DvdkawmhrajymvdkufygeJY? 'gxuf cJeJYypfvdkufwJh aumifav;emrnfu bmwJhvJ}] uRefr rodawmhbl;? olvnf; uRefrvdk {nfhonfyJav}]tif;odjyD odjyD? tcspfwdkY oli,fcsif;wpfodkuf upm;MuwJhae&m[m

yD;uif;jrdKUawmfu ]vDrdom;pk} &JU O,smOfMuD;xJrSmr[kwfvm;}0lzef; u'Dvdk nifnifomomuav; ar;vdkufawmh csifvD,if

[m tHtm;oifhoGm;jyD;][if b,fvkdvkyfodovJ}vdkY tavmwMuD; jyefar;w,f/]b,fvdkvkyfodovJqdkawmh cJeJYaygufwJh tJ'Daumifav;[m

udk,fudk,fwdkifjzpfaevdkYyg?udk,fhrdbawGuudk,fypfvdkufwJhcJ[mO,smOfxJrSmupm;aeMuwJh rdef;uav;wpfa,muf&JU ezl;udk oGm;rSefvdkY ezl;uGJoGm;wJhtaMumif; cPcP ajymjyzl;w,fav? tif; ewfaumif;ewfjrwfawGudk,fwdkifu udk,fwdkYESpfa,muf a&TvufwGJjzpfatmif zefwD;ay;wmtrSefyJ? 'grSvnf; udk,fhaMumifh&cJhwJh'Pf&m'PfcsuftwGuf udk,fujyefvnfjyKjyifay;EdkifrSmudk;? uJckawmh udk,fbmvkyf&r,fqdkwm em;vnfygjyDtcspf&,f}

aemufydkif;rSm 0lzef;u taumif;qHk; rifeuf? tao;qHk; tEl;nhHqHk;pkwfwHudk&Smw,f/ 'DpkwfwH 'DrifeufeJY tem&Gwfay:rSm rsufcHk;arG;topfqGJay;w,f/ ol qGJay;wJhrsufcHk;arG; ao;ao;oG,foG,fuav;/oHk;&ufvoP²mef auG;auG;av;? usL½GufoP²mef rsufcHk;arG;topfuav;wpfckudk qGJay;cJhygowJh/

cspfolESpfOD;wdkY aysmfaysmf½Tif½Tif aexdkifcJhMuwJhESpfaygif;rsm;pGmtwGif;0lzef;u olzefwD;cJhwJh tem&Gwfay:rSm reufwdkif;yJ usL&GufoP²mefrsufcHk;arG; topfuav;wpfckudk qGJay;cJhygowJh/

n


zm;jyKyfrsm;eJY pdefyGif hrsm;zm;jyKyfrsm;eJY pdefyGif hrsm;zm;jyKyfrsm;eJY pdefyGif hrsm;zm;jyKyfrsm;eJY pdefyGif hrsm;zm;jyKyfrsm;eJY pdefyGif hrsm;

[dk; a&S;tcgu rkqdk;rMuD;wpfa,muf&Sdw,f/ olYrSm orD;ESpfa,muf&SdowJh/

orD;tMuD;u tarrkqdk;rMuD;eJY odyfwlw,fqdkyJ? ESpfa,mufwGJaewJhtcg

cGJvdkYawmif r&bl;wJh/ &kyfcsif;wl&Hkrubl; rmeMuD;yHk oabmqdk;yHk pdwfykyf

yHkawGyg wlowJh/ 'gaMumifh onfom;rdeJY b,fvdkvlrsdK;rS wm½Snf

raeEdkifbl;/orD;i,fuav;uawmh zatwluGJU/ zatvdkyJ ,Ofaus;

odrfarGYw,f/ azmfa&Gw,f/ oem;Muifemwwfw,f/

toGifwlrSMunfjzLw,fqdkwJhtwdkif; rkqdk;rMuD;u orD;tMuD;udkyJ

cspfowJh/ ta&;vnf;odyfay;owJh / orD;i,fuav;udkawmh wtm;rkef;

wmaygh/ xrif;awmif twlrpm;bl;/ rD;zdkaqmifxJrSm auR;owJhuG,f/

'gwifrubl;? wpfaeukef tvkyfMurf;awG vkyfcdkif;w,f? tdrfeJYwpfrdkifausmf

avmufu acsmif;udkoGm;jyD; a&cyfcdkif;w,f/ orD;i,fuav;[m wpfaeY

ESpfacguf a&oGm;cyf&&Smw,f/

tif; wpfaeYrSmayghuG,f/


orD;i,fav;[ma&cyfzdkYacsmif;em;a&mufvmw,f/ onftcsdefrSmyJ

olqif;&JrMuD;wpfa,muf a&mufvmjyD; orD;i,fav;qDrSm a&enf;enf;

awmif;owJh/ onfawmh orD;i,fav;u

][kwfuJh tar? &ygw,f}

vdkY ysLysLiSmiSm csdKcsdKomomajym&if; a&tdk;udk t&ifaq;vdkufw,f/

jyD;rS acsmif;a&Munfudk cyfwdkufw,f/ olqif;&JrMuD; oufaomifhoufom

aomufEdkifatmif a&tdk;udkawmif xdef;ay;xm;owJhuG,f/

a&w0aomufjyD;wJhtcg olqif;&JrMuD;u]rdef;uav;u odyfvS

wmyJ? oabmraemvnf;aumif;w,f? Muifemoem;wwfw,f? 'gaMumifh

taru rdef;uav;udk qkwpfckray;bJraeEdkifawmhbl;}vdkY ajymjyw,fav/

wu,fawmh olqif;&JrMuD;[m ewforD;av;wJhuG,f/ tckvdk

olqif;&JrMuD;a,mif aqmifvmwmu orD;i,fuav;b,favmuftxd

Muifemoem;wwfw,f? ulnDwwfw,fqdkwmawGudk od&atmifvdkYaygh/

olqif;rMuD;u olYpum; jyefqufw,f/ b,fvdkvJqdkawmh

]a[m'Dqkvmbfudktaray;vdkufr,f? orD;ajymwJhpum;wdkif;eJYtwl

yef;wpfyGifh odkYr[kwf tifrwefudk wefzdk;MuD;wJhausmufoHywÅjrm;wpfvHk;vHk;

orD;tmcHwGif;u xGufusvmygap} wJh/

onfaeYrSmorD;i,fuav; tdrfjyefaemufusoGm;w,fav/ 'Dawmh

rkqdk;rMuD;u qlwmaygh/ usdef;wmaygh/ orD;i,fuav;uvnf;

]aemufus&wJhtwGuf orD; pdwfraumif;ygbl;} vdkY awmif;yefwm

ayghuG,f? onfvdk awmif;yefpum; ajymvdkufwmeJY orD;i,fuav;

tmcHwGif;u ywÅjrm;MuD;wpfvHk; xGufusvmawmhowJhuG,f/

rkqdk;rMuD;[morD;i,fuav;udkMunfhjyD;odyfudktHhMooGm;awmh

wmaygh/ olUudk,fol r,Hkovdkawmif jzpfoGm;owJhuG,f/

][Jh [Jh ig bmawGrsm; jrifvdkufrdygvdrfh? ykvJawG? pdefawG?

'Daumifryg;pyfuxGufusvmovm;} vdkY awG;jyD;

]orD; b,fvdkjzpfcJhwmvJ} vdkY ar;owJh/ tif; rkqdk;rMuD;u

orD;vdkY wyfajymwm 'DwpfMudrf yxrqHk;yJuG,f/

orD;i,fuav;[m ZmwfaMumif;udk trSeftwdkif; ½dk;½dk;om;om;


ajymjyvdkufw,fav/ ZmwfaMumif;jyefaepOf wpfcsdefvHk;rSmvnf; tmcHwGif;

xJu pdefyGifhawG qufwkdufxGufusaew,f/

taMumif;pHkudkkod&wJh rkqdk;rMuD;u

] tif; 'Dvdkudk;? [if; bm&rvJuG,f? orD;MuD;udkyJ a&cyfcdkif;&awmh

rSmaygh? uJ orD;MuD;? [dkaumifr pum;ajymwJhtcg yg;pyfxJu bmawG

xGufusvmw,fqdkwmawGY&JU r[kwfvm;/ orD;vJ 'DqkrsdK;&&ifraysmfay

bl;vm;? bmrS cufcufcJcJ yifyifyef;yef; r[kwfbl;? acsmif;xJrSm

a&oGm;cyf½HkyJ? tu,fí tbGm;tdkwpfa,mufa,mufu a&vmawmif;

aomuf&if aumif;aumif;rGefrGef ,Of,Ofaus;aus; a&wdkufvTwfvdkuf½Hkaygh}

onfawmhorD;MuD;u

]oGm;rSmyg? taruvJ} vdkY plaqmifhaqmifh vkyfaeao;owJhav?

'gaMumifh rkqdk;rMuD;updwfrcsEdkifjzpfjyD;

]oGm;jzpfatmifoGm;? tckoGm;} vdkY wdkufwGef;vdkufjyefw,f/

orD;MuD;ujiLpljyD;aqmifhMuD;atmifhMuD;xGufoGm;w,f/a&cyfxnfhzdkY

aiGcsKdifhwpfcsKdifh ,loGm;w,fav/

acsmif;em; a&mufw,fqdk&ifyJ ol[m vSvSyy crf;crf;em;em;

qif,ifxm;wJh rdef;rysdKwpfa,mufudk jrifvdkufw,f/ onfrdef;rysdKu

wef;wef;rwfrwf olUqDudk avQmufvmaew,f/ tem;udka&mufawmh

a&enf;enf; awmif;aomufowJhuG,f/ trSefawmh onfrdef;rysdK[m

raeYuewforD;yJ jzpfw,f/ tck rif;orD;uav;a,mifaqmifvmwmu

orD;MuD; b,favmuftxd½dkif;ysw,f? ulnDvdkpdwf uif;w,fqdkwm

odEdkifzdkYtwGufyJ/

rdef;rysdKu orD;MuD;em;uyfcJhjyD; a&enf;enf;aomufyg&apvdkY

cGifhawmif;w,f/

a&uav;awmif;½HkESifh orD;MuD;u

]aMomf ½SifhtwGuf a&vmcyfw,frsm; xifaeovm;? 'DaiGcsdKifh

[mvnf; &Sif a&aomufzdkYrsm; rSwfaeovm;? uJaomufcsif&if aiGcsdKifhxJrSm

a&&Sdw,f? udk,fh[mudk,f ,laomuf} vdkY ½dkif;½dkif;ysys ajymvdkufw,f/

onfvdk tajymcH&ayr,fh rdef;rysdKuav;a,mifaqmifxm;wJh ewforD;

uav;u pdwfrqdk;bJ


]rif;u enf;enf;awmh,Ofaus;om;yJ? 'gayrJhwpfzufom;tvdk

udkawmh rvdkufwwfbl;? 'Dawmhrif;eJY wefwJhvufaqmifwpfckay;r,f?

rif;ajymwJhpum;vHk;wdkif;eYJtwl ajrGwpfaumif? odkYr[kwfzm;jyKyfwpfaumif

rif;yg;pyfxJu xGufusygvmap}vdkY &GwfqdkvdkufowJh/

tdrfjyefvmwJh orD;MuD;ukd vSrf;jrifvkdufawmh rkqkd;rMuD;u

]b,fhES,fvJ orD;MuD;} vkdY 0rf;yef;wom qD;ar;awmhwmaygh/ orD;MuD;u

]'Dvkd tara&} vkdY tpcsDvkdufwmeJY yg;pyfxJu a>rokH;aumif

zm;jyKyfokH;aumif xGufusvmawmhowJh/ 'Dawmh rkqkd;rMuD; vefYatmfawmh

wmaygh/

]tr,fav; ig bmawG jrifvkduf&ygvdrfh/ [if; wefawmh?

[kdaumifr vufcsufyJjzpf&r,f? odMua&mayghuG,f? tdrfrSmrxm;bl;


ESifcsypfr,f} vkdY Mudrf;armif;&if; orD;i,fav;udk ½kdufzkdYESufzkdY a'gowMuD;

xGoGm;owJh/

orD;i,fuav; tdrfrSm rae0Hhawmhbl;av/ awmxJudkxGufajy;cJh&

owJhuG,f/ jzpfcsifawmh orD;i,fav; awmxJa&mufcsdefrSm bk&ifh

om;awmfwpfyg;u awmupm;xGufjyD; jyeftvmeJY oGm;wkd;w,fav/

orD;i,fav;[m tifrwefukd vSyacsmarmwJhtwGuf bk&ifhom;awmfu

tem;uyfvmjyD; tusKd;taMumif; pkHprf;Munfhw,f/ 'Dtcg orD;i,f

uav;u

]tdrfu ESifxkwfvkdufvkdYawmxJa&mufvm&ygw,f t&Sifrif;om;}

vkdY ajymvkdufw,f? 'Dtajzpum;eJYwl ykvJvkH;uav;awG pdefyGifhawG

orD;i,fuav; tmcHwGif;xJu xGufusvmwJhtwGuf rif;om;av;[m

tifrwefpdwf0ifpm;vmjyD; taMumif;pkHxyfar;jyefw,f/ taMumif;pkH

odoGm;&wJhtcg rif;om;av;u orD;i,fuav;tay: Muifemoem;

vmw,f/arwåmouf0ifvmw,f/ b,frdef;rrS 'DtrsKd;orD;uav;xufykdjyD;

wefzkd;&dSvdrfhr,fvkdYvnf; rif;om;av; rxifawmhbl;av/ 'gaMumifh

orD;i,fuav;udk zcifMuD;&Jh eef;awmfac:oGm;w,f/ aemufawmh

rif;om;av;u orD;i,fuav;udk vufxyfvkdufowJhuG,f/

[kdtpfrMuD;twGufuawmh&Sif;aejyDav/ tusifhqkd;?oabmxm;qkd;?

tajymqkd;wmawGu wpfaeYwpfjcm; vGefvGefvmvkdY aemufqkH; tar

rkqkd;rMuD;uawmif onf;rcHEkdifawmhbl;/ tdrfu ESifxkwfvkduf&awmhowJh/

'Dawmh ol[m pdwfysuftm;i,fvmjyD; ac:,lauR;arG;r,fhol wpfOD;OD;udk

&Sm&jyDav/ 'gayrJh rawGUbl;aygh/ rawGUawmhh quf&Sm? quf&Sm&if;

aemufqkH;awmh awmpyfem;ta&mufrSm aoqkH;oGm;awmhowJhuG,f/

n


aiG&SifeJYv,form;aiG&SifeJYv,form;aiG&SifeJYv,form;aiG&SifeJYv,form;aiG&SifeJYv,form;

[kd a&S;tcgu v,form;wpfa,muf&dSowJh/ olUb0rSm aiGwkd;acs;pm;ol

wpfOD;&JU vufcsufaMumifh epfemqHk;½HI;rIawG rsm;pGm&SdcJh&ygowJh/ pyg;txGuf

aumif;aumif; raumif;aumif; 'Dv,form;[m qif;&JjrJqif;&JvsufyJwJh/

odkYayr,fh aiGwdk; acs;pm;oluawmh csrf;omonfxuf csrf;omvmw,f/

rdk;av0orrSefvdkY v,f,mvkyfief; ysufpD;oGm;wJhvrSmqdk&if v,form;rSm

jcL;wpfjym;rS r&SdwJhxd jzpf&w,f/ 'DtcgrsdK;rSm ol[m aiGwdk;acs;pm;

olqDoGm;jyD; ]ausmufwHk;u a&xGufatmifawmh cifAsm; wwfEdkifr,f

rxifbl;? ckvnf; usKyfqDu cif;Asm; bmrQ r&Edkifawmhbl;? 'Dawmh

cifAsm;u usKyfudk csrf;omjcif;&JU vQdKU0Sufcsufudk ajymjyoifhw,f xifwm

yJ} vdkY ajymowJh/

tif; aiGwdk;acs;pm;olbufu Munfhjyefawmh [kwfaeovdkayghav?

,lcJhwm? jzwfcJhwm? pm;cJhwm rsm;vSrSudk;? 'gaMumifh aiGwdk;acs;pm;olu

]rdwfaqG? csrf;omMuG,f0rItm;vHk; &rf;(rf) xHJrS vmjcif;jzpfw,f? olUudkom

ar;ygawmh} vdkY ajymjyvdkkufw,f/

v,form;uvnf; ½dk;½dk;ttqdkawmh ]aus;Zl;ygyJAsm? usKyf &rf;(rf)

udk rawGYawGYatmif ½SmjyD; ar;Munfhygr,f} vdkYajymjyD; aiGwdk;acs;pm;ol

xHyg;u xGufcGmoGm;awmhowJh/

uJ ckqdk v,form;[m c&D;xGufawmhr,f/ c&D;u b,favmuf

½SnfjyD; b,favmufMumr,f rod/ 'gaMumifh rodk;xrif;? rodk;[if;awG

jyKvkyf&w,f/ tm;vHk; jyKvkyfjyifqifjyD;umrS &rf;(rf) udkawGYzdkY c&D;pxGuf

awmhowJh/

olY &SmyHkawmfc&D;rSm yxrqHk;awG&wmu jA[®PwpfOD;yJ/

'DjA[®Pudk v,form;u rodk;xrif;? rodk;[if; tenf;i,fvSLvdkkufjyD;

&rf;(rf)qD a&mufEdkifr,fhvrf;udk ñTefjyzdkYawmif;yefw,f/ 'gayrJh jA[®P

[m wpfcGef;wpfyg'rQ rwHkYjyefbJ vSLorQudk vufcHjyD; c&D;qufoGm;owJh/

v,form;vnf; MuH&mr&jzpfjyD; olYc&D; ol quf&jyefwmaygh/ 'DvdkeJY

wpfae&ma&mufvmawmh a,m*Dwpfa,mufeJY awGYjyefa&m/ v,form;[m


a,m*Dudk rodk;xrif;? rodk;[if; tenf;i,fvSL'gef;jyD; &rf;(rf) taMumif;

ar;ayr,fh arQmfvifhp&m oJvGefp r&jyefbl;/ odkYayr,fh ol[m pdwf

rysuf tm;ri,fbJ c&D;qufcJhjyefw,f/

c&D;tawmfaygufvmwJhtcg opfyifwpfyifatmufrSm xdkifaewJh

olqif;&JwpfOD;udk awGYvdkufowJh/ v,form;u olqif;&JeJY acwÅpum;

ajymw,f/

tJ'Dvdk pum;ajymMunfhawmhrS olqif;&J[m tvGefqmavmifrGwfodyf

aeaMumif; olod&w,f/ 'geJY vufusefpm;p&mav;awGudk Muifemoem;pdwf

tjynfh? apwemtjynfheJY auR;arG;vdkufowJh/ jyD;rS v,form;u

tyef;ajzzdkY olqif;&Jab;rSm 0ifxdkifvdkkufw,f/ tJ aemufydkkif;awmh

olwdkYESpfOD; pum;vufqHk ajymrukefjzpfoGm;MuowJh/

]tif; 'gxuf cifAsm;u b,fudkoGm;rSmvJ}

ajymvufp pum;udkjzwfjyD; olqif;&Ju ar;vdkufw,f/

]tdk usKyfoGm;&r,fh c&D;u odyf&Snfygw,fAsm? bmaMumifhvJqdkawmh

usKyfu &rf;(rf)udk &Smaewmudk;? at;av? &rf;(rf)udkawGY atmif cifAsm;vJ

ulnDEdkifrSm r[kwfygbl;}

tJ'Dvdkv,form;u ajymvdkufawmh olqif;&Ju jyHK;vdkufowJh/

jyD;rS ]ñTefjyaumif; ñTefjyEdkifygvdrfhr,fAsm? bmaMumifhvJqdkawmh uRefawmf

udk,fwdkif[m &rf;(rf) jzpfaevdkYyJaygh? uJajymAsm? uRefawmfqDu cifAsm;

bmvdkcsifovJ} vdkY wpfqufwnf;ar;vdkufowJh/

v,form;[m ½kwfw&uf 0rf;omtm;& jzpfoGmw,f/ olqif;&Judk

ZmwfaMumif;jyefjyw,f/ Zmwf&nfvnfoGm;wJhtcg olqif;&Ju v,form;

tay: oem;pdwf0ifvmw,f/ 'gaMumifh v,form;udk c½koif;wpfck

ay;vdkufw,f/ c½koif;rIwfenf;udkyg wpfcgwnf; oifjyvdkufw,f/

]odxm;zdkYuawmh cifAsm; wpfckckudk tvdk&SdcsdefrSm 'Dc½koif;udk

a[m'Dvdk rIwfzdkYyJaemf? tJ'DvdkomrIwfvdkuf&if cif;Asm;qE´jynfhrSmyJ? tJ

ckeu cifAsm;ajymwJh aiGwdk;acs;pm;oludkawmh MuyfMuyfowdxm;&vdrfYr,f/

bmaMumifhvJqdkawmh 'DaumifawG&JU aumufuspfpOf;vJrIrsdK;udk arSmfynm

uawmif rumuG,fEdkifvdkYyJ cifAs}

vufa&G;pifEkdifiHwum&opkHykHjyifrsm; u101

v,form;[m 0rf;omtm;&jzpfjyD; &Gmudk jyefvmcJhw,f/

v,form;jyefa&mufvmwmeJY aiGwdk;acs;pm;ol[m v,form;&Jh ½kwfw&uf

tajymif;tvJudk owdjyKrdowJh/

]tif; 'Dirdkufom;awmh yGaygufwpfckck wdk;vmyHk&w,f? acgif;u

axmifaxmif axmifaxmifeJU}vdkYvnf; awG;MunfhowJh? aemufydkif;awmh

ol[m ½dk;om;wJh v,form;tdrftxdoGm;jyD; olYtaeeJY owif;pHkMum;jyD;jyD

jzpfaMumif;? pD;yGm;Opöm wdk;wufvmwJhtwGuf tvGeftrif; 0rf;ajrmuf

0rf;om jzpf&ygaMumif; taumufÓPfoHk;jyD; u&m;a&vTwfajymawmhowJh/

'Dawmh ½dk;om;wJh v,form;crsmvnf; c½koif;Zmwfvrf;udk ajymjyrd&uf

jzpfoGm;wmaygh? tJ c½koiff;rIwfenf;ukdawmh rajymrvdkufbl;wJh/

awmfao;w,fqdk&rSmaygh/ trSefawmh b,favmufyJ ½dk;t ½dk;t 'DvQdKY0Suf

csufMuD;udk xkwfajym&avmufatmifawmh v,form;[m rrdkufrJ? r½l;oGyf

ao;bl;vdkY ajym&rSmygyJ/


c½koif;taMumif; odpuwnf;u aiGwdk;acs;pm;ol[m c½koif;udk

jzpfwJhenf;eJYt&,lzdkY qHk;jzwfvdkufw,f/ bmyJjzpfjzpfav? ol[mvnf;

wpfzufol &dyfrdoGm;avmufatmifawmh rdkufrdkufrJrJrMuHbl;? 'Davmufxd

rdkufwGif;reufbl;/ ol[m wjcm;udpöawGudk ab;csdwfjyD; tcgtcGGifhudkom

usdwfapmifhaeowJh/ tcGifhomtcgqdkufavrS c½koif;udk t&,lr,faygh/

wpfaeYrSm tcGifhomvmw,f? aiGwdk;acs;pm;olvufxJ c½koif;

a&mufvmw,f/ odyf0rf;omoGm;wmaygh/ 'gayrJh pdwfysufp&meJJY csufcsif;wdk;

&jyefw,f/ rIwfMunfhawmh toHxGufrvmbl;/ olYcE¨mudk,fMuD; aygufuGJ

oGm;vkeD; trsdK;rsdK; MudK;pm;rIwfayr,fh tcsnf;ESD;yJwJh/ tusdK;r&SdwJhtvkyf

tjzpfeJY pGefYvTwfvdkufawmhrvdkawmifjzpfvmowJh/ 'gayrJh rIwfvdkY&atmif

MudK;pm;csifpdwfu rukefao;bJjzpfaejyefw,f/ 'geJY ol[m v,form;qD

oGm;jyD; ]'DrSm rdwfaqG? cifAsm; c½koif;MuD; uRefawmf&xm;w,f? 'gayrJh

oHk;rjzpfygbl;Asm? at; cifAsm;rSmvnf; 'Dc½koif;MuD; r&SdawmhvdkY toHk;

rjyK Edkifwmvnf; &Sif;ygw,f}vdkY rsufESmajymifajymifeJY at;at;aq;aq;

ajymowJh/ 'gwifrubl; qufjyD;awmh]'Dawmh uRefawmfwdkYESpfa,muf

tay;t,l rrQoa&GU udpöjywfrSm r[kwfbl;? jywfatmif 'DvdkvkyfAsm?

cifAsm; oHk;csifovdk oHk;yg? uRefawmfb,fawmhrS raESmuf,Sufygbl;? tJ

jcGif;csufwpfckuawmh xm;&vdrhfr,f? bmvJqdkawmh c½koif;aMumifh cifAsm;

taeeJY bmudkyJ&& cifAsm;&xm;wJhESpfq uRefawmf &&r,f}

][m 'guawmh b,fjzpfEdkifrvJAsm? [if; 'g[m cifAsm;oHk;aeus

enf;a[mif;MuD;yJav}


]tdk tdk cifAsm;xifovdk vHk;0 r[kwf&ygbl;Asm? cifAsm;taeeJY

a0pk&rSmyJ? 'DrSm rdwfaqG? rpm;&wJhtrJ oJyufwJhudef;rsdK;awmh

rvkyfvdkufygeJYaemf? trSefqdk&if cifAsm; tvdk&Sdwmtm;vHk; &EdkifrSawmh

uRefawmfcsrf;omom qif;&J&J cifAsm; rIp&m r[kwfygbl;? r[kwfbl;vm;Asm}

aemufqHk;awmh aiGwdk;acs;pm;ol aumif;pm;rSmudk rvdkvm; r½Ipdrfh

ayr,fh v,form;crsm oabmrwlcsifbJ wlvdkuf&w,f/ tJ'Daemufydkif;

awmh c½koif;wefcdk;eJY ol bmyJ&&? aiGwdk;acs;pm;oluawmh ESpfq&oGm;jrJ

jzpfygowJh/

udk,fu wpfck&wdkif;olu ESpfck tjrJ&&aeawmh v,form;[m

pdwfrcsrf;rom jzpfvmw,f/ 'DtxJ tvGefyljyif;ajcmufaoGYwJh &moDrsdK;eJY

wdk;jyefawmh pyg;awG ñdI;a&mf ysufpD;oGm;jyefyga&m/ v,form;[m

usefpyg;yifawGudk a&avmif;zdkY &nf½G,fcsufeJY a&wGif;wpfwGif;wrf;wjyD;

c&koif;udk rIwfvdkufw,f/ a[mMunfhprf;? csufcsif;yJ a&wGif;wpfwGif;

ay:vmw,f/ 'gayrJh [dk aiGwdk;acs;pm;olbuf vSrf;Munfhvdkufawmh

ESpfwGif;/ tvGefudkvSywJh a&wGif;ESpfwGif;/ b,fol[m 'DtjzpfrsdK;udk

ausauseyfeyfMuD; vufcHEdkifrvJ/ rcHEdkifbl;/ rdwfaqG v,form;MuD;vnf;

rcHEdkifbl;aygh/ awG;awG;jyD; tonf;em&w,faygh/ tJ aemufqHk;awmh

v,form;acgif;xJ tifrwefaumif;wJh tMuHwpfck zswfceJ 0ifvmowJh/

ol[m c½koif;udk qwfceJ aumufudkifvdkufjyD;

]tdk &rf;(rf) uREfkyf rsufvHk;wpfzuf uef;csifygonf}vdkY us,fus,f

avmifavmif atmf[pfjyD;rS c½koif;udk tm;ukefrIwfypfvdkufw,f/

w'*FtwGif; olrsufvHk;wpfzuf uG,foGm;ygava&m/ wpfcsdefwnf;rSm

aiGwdk;acs;pm;ol&JU rsufvHk;ESpfzufvnf; uG,foGm;yga&mwJh/

aiGwdk;acs;pm;ol[m olYa&wGif;ESpfwGif;Mum; prf;w0g;0g; vrf;&Sm

oGm;ae&if;u a&wGif;wpfwGif;xJusjyD; a&epfaoqHk;oGm;owJh/

uJ 'Djzpf&yfrSefyHkjyifu bmrsm; ajymjyygovJ/ ½dk;twJh qif;&Jom;

rSeforQ rsufvHk;vdk toHk;0ifwefzdk;MuD;vSwJh wpfckck tqHk;½IH; cHvdkufrSyJ

aiG&SifaMu;&Siftay: wpfMudrfom tompD;&Edkifw,fqdkwJh tcsufyJ

r[kwfvm;/n


ol&defeef;u nDrESpfazmfol&defeef;u nDrESpfazmfol&defeef;u nDrESpfazmfol&defeef;u nDrESpfazmfol&defeef;u nDrESpfazmf

aumif;uifxJrSm ewfom;awG? ewforD;awG &Sdaeao;wJh [dk wpfcsdef

wkef;uaygh/

ewfrif;om;av;wpfyg;[m ]ol&def} trnf&SdwJh pHtdrfMuD;xJrSm

aeaeowJh/ 'Dewfrif;om;uav;&JU tjrTmnDtpfruawmh ]pE´m} trnf

&SdwJh pHtdrfi,fuav;rSm aeaeMuw,f/ ewfrif;om;uav;[m tifrwefudk

acsmarmw,f/t`rTmnDtpfruvnf; ½dk;½dk;av;eJY odyfcspfp&maumif;w,fwJh/

wpfcgjrifvdkufwmeJY tjrJMunfhcsifaewJh ½kyfqif;ydkif&Sifuav; awGyJaygh/

tJ'Dtcsdefwkef;u uAsmq&mawGqdk&if pE´m pHtdrfudk wpfnvHk;ai;Munfh

MujyD; wpfaeYvHk; tdyfMuowJh/ olwdkY&ifxJrSm a&;p&mawG?uAsmzGJUp&mawG

b,favmuf&Sdaeae uAsmra&;jzpfMubl;/

tjrTmnDtpfr[musufoa&&Sd&Sd vSMu&Hkrubl;? Zmxdk;yef;xdk;vnf;

odyfuRrf;usifMuowJh? nDtpfr ESpfa,mufpvHk;[m vSywJh0wfpHkawGudk

Zmyef;tvS tjrJwrf;jc,foaewwfMuw,f/ nnrsm;rSmqdk&if olwdkY

xdk;xm;wJh Zmyef;awG[m Mu,fwpfoef; vif;vufaeovdk ta&mifawG

NydK;NydK;jyufjyuf jzpfaew,f/ 0if;yaew,f/ olwdkYnDtpfr[m wu,hfudk

vufajrmufMuw,f/ 'gaMumihf wjznf;jznf; owif;BuD;vmw,f/

ausmfMum;vmw,f/ trsm;wum EIwfzsm;rSm olwdkYemrnfuav;awG

oD;aew,f/ tpydkif;rSmawmh olwdkYnDtpfr&JU tvSudk wpfnvHk; rtdyfbJ

ai;armMunhfMuolawG[m uAsmq&mi,fav;awGavmufyJ? aemufawmh

tdrf&SifrawG trsKd;orD;BuD;awGyg nDtpfrESpfa,muf&JU Zmxdk;yef;xdk;

uRrf;usifyHkeJU Zmyef;tvSawGudk ntcgrSm apmihfMunhfvmMuw,f/

rMumcifbkef;awmfBuD;awGuvnf; MunfvifwJhnrsm;rSm bk&m;ausmif;

acgifrdk;ay:wufNyD; MunhfMujyefw,f/ awG;ac:&SifBuD;awG ynm&SifawG

uvnf;ausmif;trdk;ay: wufai;Mu? awG;Muaygh/ ausmif;om;awG

vli,fawG qdkwmuawmh aumif;aumif;jrifEkdifatmif nnus&if awmifxdyf

awGay: tajy;tvTm; tvkt,uf wufMuw,f/


tjrTmnDtpfrudk rdcifBuD;u *½kwpdkufuGyfuJxdef;odrf;vmcJhw,f/

rdef;rysKduav;awG vlwum&JU tMunhfcHae&wm odyfraumif;vSbl;vdkY

rdcifBuD;u rMum rMum ajymjywwfw,f/ 'gaMumihfvnf; om,mMunfvif

wJh nrsm;rSm vlawG axmifaomif;ru xGufMunhf&if olwdkYnDtpfr

raysmfr&Tif jzpfMuw,f/ txl;ojzihf olwdkYnDtpfrMum;Edkifatmif oef;acgif

csdefrSm oDcsif;awGqdkMu? atmf[pfMu&if olwdkY pdwftnpfqHk;yJ/ Mumawmh

tpfru

]nDrav;a&? wdkY 'D pE´mpHtdrfrSm aevdkYrjzpfawmhbl; xifw,f

uG,f}vdkY wkdifyifovdk ajymvmMuawmhw,f/

'Dawmh nDrav;u

][kwfw,f tpfr? aevdkYjzpfawmhr,f rxifbl;? 'gayr,hf uRefrwdkY

nDtpfr b,fudkoGm;aeEdkifrSmvJ tpfr&,f} vdkY pdwfysuftm;avsmh[efeJY

jyefajymw,f/

'Dtcg tpfru

]ol&ef pHtdrfBuD;xJrSmaewJh tpfudkeJY ae&mcsif;vJzdkY tpfrawmh

pdwful;xm;wmyJ} vdkY qdkawmh nDru rqdkif;rwG oabmwlw,f/

'gaMumihf aemufaeYrSm0wfaumif;pm;vSawG qifjref;NyD;tpfudkBuD;&JU

awmufawmufyy? 0if;0if;vufvuf pHtdrfBuD;qD aumif;uifudkjzwf

c&D;xGufvmcJhMuw,f/

nDrawGa&mufvmawmh tpfudku odyf 0rf;omomw,f/ 'gayr,fh

nnrsm;rSm vlaxmifaomif;&JUtMunhfcH&wJhtaMumif; ajymjyvdkufwJhtcg

rSmawmh tpfudkBuD;u pdwfraumif;jzpf&&Smw,f/ ]'guawmh raumif;vS

bl;uG,f}vdkYvnf; nnf;wGm;&if; acgif;w,rf;,rf; jzpfae&SmowJh/

'Dawmh nDrawGu vm&if;udpöudk zGihfajymw,f/

nDrawG tpDtpOfudk

od&wJhtcg


]nDrwdkY tpDtpOftwdkif; tpfudk aqmif&Gufay;csifygw,fuG,f?

'gayr,fh nDrwdkY pOf;pm;Munhfprf;? tckvdk pEmpHtdrfi,fuav;xJrSm aeae

wmawmif nnus&if vlaxmifaygif;rsm;pGmu ai;armMunhfMuw,f

qdkwJhaemuf tpfudk&JU ol&defpHtdrfBuD;xJ a&TUvmMuwJhtcg ydkqdk;awmhrSmaygh?

vloef;aygif;rsm;pGmb,favmufursm;MunfhMurvJ?nDrwdkYpOf;pm;MunhfuG,f}

vdkY csdefcsdefqq ajymjyw,f/

]'Dtcsufudk nDrwdkYpOf;pm;rdMuygw,f? 'gaMumihfvJ ydkNyD;wnfwnf

MunfMunf ydkNyD; £aNE&Sd&Sd aevkdYjzpfEdkifr,fh enf;vrf;udk nDrwdkY &Smxm;NyD;

jzpfygw,f/ 'Dawmh nDrwdkYajymovdk ajymif;aeay;ygvm; tpfudk&,f} vdkY

awmif;awmif;yefyefajymawmh tpfudku Muifemoem;wwfol jzpfwJhtwdkif;

oabmwlvufcHvdkufw,f/

nDtpfrESpfa,muf[m 0rf;yef;womeJY pEm pHtdrfi,fudk tjrefjyef?

vSywJh Zmyef;? ydk;p? tyfcsnfawGeJY 0if;vufaewJh Zmxdk;yef;xdk; tyftacsmif;

ckepfq,fudk xkyfydk;Muw,f/ aeuscsdefavmuffrSm tpfudkBuD;&JU ol&def

pHtdrfBuD;udk jyefa&mufvmcJhMuw,f/

tJ'DnrSmawmh tdrfacgifrdk;awGay: awmifxdyfawGay: wufcJhMu

olawG odyfpdwf"mwfusoGm;w,f/ O,smOfawGxJrSm v,fuGif;awGxJrSm

apmihfMunhfaeMuwJh trsKd;orD;awG 0rf;omtm;& jzpfMu&owJh/ bmaMumifhvJ

qdkawmh pEm tdrfi,fxJrSm acsmarmwJh a,musfm;wpfOD;udk jrifMu&vdkYaygh/

aemufaeYreufaexGufwJhtcg ol&defpHtdrfBuD;rSmnDtpfrESpfa,muf

ajymif;a&TUaexdkifwJh owif; NrdKUawGrSm ysHUESHYoGm;w,f/ 'Dawmha,musfm;awGu

jywif;aygufawGuae vSrf;MunhfMuw,f/ O,smOfxJajy;qif;NyD; Munfh

Muw,f/

nDtpfrESpfa,muf&SmazGcJhwJh enf;vrf;opfu tawmfuav;

xda&mufw,f/ bmaMumihfvJqdkawmh ol&defpHtdrfBuD; armhMunhfolawG&JU

rsufvHk;awG[m wpfckckeJY txdk;cH&ovdk? wpfckck pl;ovdkvdk cHpm;Mu&vdkYaygh/

wcsKdUu 'DvdkcHpm;&wm[m ol&defpHtdrfBuD;u jzmusvmwJh jyif;xefwJh

a&mifjcnfawGaMumihfvdkY qdkw,f/ 'gayr,hf wcsKdUuawmh armhMunfholawG&JU

rsufvHk;udk nDtpfru olwdkY&JU Zmxdk;tyf? yef;xdk;tyf tacsmif;ckepfq,feJY

xdk;vdkvdkY ajymaeMuwmyJ/ n


tjypf&SdacG;rsm;tjypf&SdacG;rsm;tjypf&SdacG;rsm;tjypf&SdacG;rsm;tjypf&SdacG;rsm;

wpfaeY bk&ifwpfyg;[m jrif;jzL ajcmufaumifqGJwJh &xm;eJY aejynfawmf

twGif; vSnhfvnf½Ipm;awmfrlw,f/ bk&ifhjrif;&xm;BuD;u tifrwefYudk

vSycefYnm;w,f/ vSnhfvnf½Ipm;csdef tawmhfudk Mumanmif;oGm;vdkY

ncsrf;csdefcg a&mufvmawmhrS a&Teef;awmfBuD;udk jyefa&mufvmcJhw,f/

eef;awmfjyefa&mufwmeJY &xm;xdef;u jrif;jzLBuD; ajcmufaumifudk

jrif;aZmif;xJoGif;vdkufw,f/ uBudK;wefqmwef;vef;eJY jrif;&xm;udkawmh

eef;awmf0if;twGif;rSmyJ xm;cJhw,f/

tJ'Dn eef;awmfoleef;awmfom;awGtm;vHk;tdyfarmusaeMucsdefrSm

rdkonf;onf;rnf;rnf; &Gmcsw,f/

]aumif;w,f? pm;&uHBuHKNyD rdwfaqGwdkY}

rdk;a&aMumihf om;a&uBudK;awG El;yGaewmudk eef;wGif;acG;awGu

MunhfNyD; tcsif;csif;ajymaeMuw,f/ ajymNyD;wmeJY acG;awG[m ajczGNyD;

eef;awmf0if;xJqif;vmcJhMuw,f/ jrif;&xm;BuD;em;a&mufvmMuwJhtcg

tifrwefvSywJh om;a& uBudK;wefqmawGudk udkufMu? cJMu? 0g;Mu?

rsKdMuwaysmfwyg; tm;yg;w&aygh/ wpfnvHk;vdkvdk t0twif;pm;MuNyD;

t½kPfusif;cgeD;rSyJ eef;awmfxJ wdwfwqdwf jyef0ifoGm;Muw,f/

aemufaeYreuf jrif;xdef;awG eef;awmfxJxGuftvmrSm eef;wGif;

acG;awG vufcsufeJY ½kyfysufqif;ysufjzpfaewJh om;a&u BudK;awGudk jrifvdkuf

Mu&w,f/

][,f Munhfprf;? Munhfprf;? bk&ihfjrif;&xm;u uBudK;wefqm

awGudk pm;ypfvdkufMuNyD? 'ku©yJ/ tm;vHk;ysufpD;ukefygNyD} vdkY ajym&if;

&ifwkefyef;wkef jzpfvmMuw,f/ 'Dudpö bk&ifhudk oHawmfOD;rwifvdkYvnf;

rjzpfbl;? 'Dawmh [,f rwwfEdkifbl;? vmr,fhab;ajy;awGU qdkovdk

oGm;wifavQmuf&rSmyJ/

]t&Sifrif;BuD; t&Sifrif;BuD;&JU jrif;&xm;u om;a&uBudK;

wefqmawG ysufpD;ukefygNyD? acG;awG&JU peufyJjzpfEdkifygw,f t&Sifrif;BuD;?


raeYnu rdk;onf;onf;rnf;rnf; &Gmcsvdkufawmh om;a&uBudK;awG

El;yGaerSm trSefyg/ acG;awG tBudKufjzpfygonf t&Sifrif;BuD;}

avQmufwifoHMum;vdkuf&ifyJ bk&if[m a&TpdwfawmfndK tvkdrus

jzpfNyD;

]acG;awGtm;vHk;udkowfypfvkdufMu? aejynfawmftwGif;jrifjriforQ

acG;wdkif;udk csrf;omray;MueJY? owfypfMu} vdkY csufcsif;trdefYxkwfvkdufw,f?

bk&ifhtrdefYawmfudk aejynfawmftwGif; rDSwif;aexdkifMuwJhacG;aygif;

ckepf&mu csufcsif; Mum;odvkdufMuw,f/ rMumrwif tcsdeftwGif;rSm

towfcHMu&awmhr,fhta&; awG;rdMuNyD; 0rf;enf; ylaqG;Mu&w,f/

idkyGJqifMu&w,f/ wpfcsdefwnf;rSm olwdkYudk u,fwifEdkifr,fholudk pOf;pm;

Muw,f/ aMomf wdkYrSm tBuD;tuJ&SdwmyJ/ wdkY tBuD;tuJ[m wdkYudkcspfw,f/

tNrJtumtuG,fay;w,f/ apmihfa&Smufw,f/ wdkY tBuD;tuJudk rawGU

awGUatmif &SmrSjzpfawmhr,f/

acG;aygif; ckepf&m[m 'DtawG;eJY pDwef; xGufvmcJhMuw,f/

wpfae&ma&mufawmh acG;tBuD;tuJeJUawGUw,f/ xl;xl;jcm;jcm; pk½Hk;wef;pD

a&mufvmMuwmrdkY acG;tBuD;tuJu p ar;vdkufw,f/

]uaeY b,ftwGuf oifwdkY pk½Hk;rdMuovJ? oifwdkYudk Munhf&wm

vnf; pdwftm;i,f aMumuf&GUHaeMuwJhyHk ay:vGifaew,f/ bmaMumihf

oifwdkY,ckvdk pdwfa0'emcHpm;aeMu&wmvJ/

]uREfkyfwdkYtay:tEÅ&m,fqdk;BuD; usa&mufaeygNyD eef;awmf0if;xJrSm

vGefcJhwJhnu &yfxm;wJh bk&ifhjrif;&xm;u om;a&uBudK;wefqmawG

zsufqD;cHvdkuf&ygw,f/ tckqdk&if bk&ifu uREfkyfwdkY acG;tm;vHk;udk

owfypf&r,fvdkY trdefYxkwfvkdufygNyD}

acG;awG&Sif;jywJhpum;awGxJrSm acG;tBuD;tuJtzdkY pOf;pm;p&mawG

trsm;BuD;&SdaeNyD/

]tif; aejynfawmfwGif;rSmaeMuwJh acG;awGuawmh eef;awmfxJ

0ifzkdY vHk;0rjzpfEdkifbl;?'Dvdkqdk&if eef;wGif;acG;awGuvGJNyD; b,facG;u

'Dom;a&uBudK;wefqmawGudk zswfqD;EdkifrSmvJ? tckxkwfjyefvdkufwJh trdefY

twdkif;qdk&if tjypf&SdwJhacG;awGu vGwfNidrf;csrf;om;cGihf cHpm;&NyD; tjypfr&SdwJh


acG;awGu okwfoifowfjzwfcH&awmhr,f tajcpdkufaew,f/ 'Dtwdkif;

aevdkYrjzpfacsbl; aejynfawmfwGif; rDSwif;aexdkifMuwJh acG;taygif;

toufcsrf;om&m&atmif ig eef;awmfxJ0ifr,f/ trSefwu,f tjypf

usL;vGefcJhwJh acG;awGudk azmfxkwfr,f}

&JpGrf;owdÅeJYjynfhpHkwJh acG;tBuD;tuJ[m acG;aygif;ckepf&mudktm;ay;

ESpfodrfhcJhNyD; wpfaumifwnf; aejynfawmfvrf;rawGudk jzwfavQmufvmcJh

w,f/ acG;BuD; ajcwpfvSrf; vSrf;wdkif; olYudkowfzkYdvlawGu tqifoihf

jzpfaeMuw,f/ 'gayr,fh acG;tBuD;tuJ&JU rsufvHk;tpHkrSm &efrvdkpdwf?

u½kPmpdwf ,dkzdwfaewm txift&Sm;rdkY owfzdkYaeaeomom xdzdkYawmif

r&GUHr&JjzpfaeMuw,f/ 'gaMumihfvnf; eef;awmfem; taESmihft,Suf

uif;uif;eJYa&mufvmEdkifcJhw,f/ eef;awmfxJ0ifzdkY twGufusawmhvnf;

acG;BuD;tzdkYodyfcufcufcJcJr&SdvSbl;? wHcg;rI;BuD;uvnf; acG;BuD;&JU tifrwef

xl;jcm;wJh oGifjyifvu©PmawGaMumihf eef;awmfxJ0ifcGihf ydwfyif&rSm

r&GUHr&Jjzpfaew,f/ tHtm;vnf;oihf? a0cGJvdkYvnf; r&eJYaemufqHk;

0ifcGihfjyKrdvdkufw,f/ 'DvdkeJY acG;tBuD;tuJ[m eef;awmfwGif;u w&m;½kH;

awmfxJ a&mufcJhw,f/ 'DtcsdefrSm bk&ifu &mZyv’ifxufrSm xdkifaew,f/

eef;wGif;ol eef;wGif;om;awGu bk&ifhem;rSm toihftaetxm;eJY

&yfaeMuw,f/ acG;BuD;0ifvmwm jrifawGUMuayr,fh acG;BuD;&JU av;pm;zG,f


arwåm&dyf? u½kPmaiGUawGUaMumihf w&m;½Hk;awmfwGif;&Sd vltm;vHk;EIwfqdwf

NidrfoufoGm;Muw,f/

bk&ifha&SUarSmuf a&mufaeNyDjzpfayr,fh acG;BuD;u tvsifpvdk

pum;rqdkbl;/ tawmfav;MumawmhrS

]BuD;jrwfvSaom Am&mPoDjynf&Sif bk&ifrif;jrwf? aejynfawmf

wGif;&Sd acG;taygif;udk owfapqdkwm t&Sifrif;BuD; xkwfjyefvdkufwJh

trdefYawmfjrwf [kwfygovm;} vdkY pwifar;avQmufw,f/

][kwfw,f? usKyf&JU trdefYawmfjrwfyJ}

]bk&ifrif;jrwf? aejynfawmfwGif;&Sd acG;rsm;u tb,fodkYaom

&efjyKrIudk zefwD;cJhygovJ}

]usKyf&JU jrif;&xm;u om;a&uBudK;wefqmawGudk zsufqD;ypfcJh

Muw,f}

]b,facG;rsm;u zsufqD;ypfMuygovJ t&Sifrif;BuD;}

]usKyf rodyg? xdkYaMumihf jrifjriforQ acG;rsm;udk owfap trdefYawmf

xkwfjcif;jzpfw,f}

]aumif;vSayNyD? odkYaomf uREfkyf wpfckodvkdygonf/ aejynfawmf

wGif;&Sd acG;tm;vHk;udk owfypf&rSmvm;? odkYwnf;r[kwf acG;tcsKdUudk

vGwfNidrf;csrf;omcGihf ay;xm;ygovm;}}


]eef;awmfwGif;u acG;rsm;udk usKyfvGwfNidrf;csrf;omcGihfay;xm;w,f}

]t&Sifrif;jrwf? odkYjzpfvQif t&Sifrif;jrwf\ trdefYawmfonf

rSefuefoihfjrwfygoavm? w&m;rQwrI &Sdygoavm? t&Sifrif;jrwftaeESihf

tb,faMumihfeef;wGif;acG;awG tjypfrJhonf[kajymEdkifygovJ? rnfokdYvQif

aejynfawmftwGif;&Sd acG;rsm; tjypf&Sdonff[k ajymEdkifygovJ? ,cktwkdif;om

qdkvQif t&Sifrif;jrwf\ rsufESmomay;cH&aom acG;rsm; toufcsrf;om&m

&MuNyD; t&Sifrif;jrwf todtrSwfrjyKaom acG;rsm;tm;vHk; towfcH&

ygawmhrnf? tdk t&Sifrif;jrwf oihf w&m;rQwrIum; todkYenf;/ oihf

w&m;rQwrIum; tb,frSmenf;}

bk&if cPwmawGNyD; pOf;pm;aew,f/ NyD;awmh acG;rsm;&JU

tBuD;tuJudk qufpum;ajymw,f/

]tdk acG;taygif;wdkY&JU ocifynm&SiftBuD;tuJBuD;? ,if;odkYjzpfvsif

b,facG;wGrSm tjypf&SdaMumif; ajymjyygawmh}

]eef;awmfwGif;ueef;wGif;acG;awGrSmom tjypf&Sdw,f t&Sifrif;jrwf}

]oihf pGyfpGJcsuf rSefuefaMumif; oufaojyygavmh}

]jyygrnf eef;wGif;acG;awGtm;vHk;udk þcef;rBuD;xJ ac:oGif;chJzdkY

trdefYawmfrSwfyg? acG;awGa&mufvmwmeYJ ]uko} jrufeJY axmywfa&mNyD;

auR;yg}

acG;rsm;&JU tBuD;tuJajymwJhtwdkif; bk&ifucsufcsif;aqmif&Guf

apw,f/ eef;wGif;acG;awGudk ]uko} jrufeJY axmywfa&mauR;NyD; rMum

cifrSm acG;awG tefMuw,f/ tefzwfawGxJrSm om;a&zwfawG ygvmw,f/

'DawmhrS bk&if[m &mZyv’ifxufu tomxvdkufNyD; ]oifhpum;

rSefvSygayonf/ oihfpum;onf aumif;uifxufrS usvmaom rdk;puf

rdk;yGifhrsm;uhJodkYvnf; jzLpifoefY&Sif;vSygayonf/ usKyf touf&Sifaeoa&GU

umvywfvHk; toihfudk arhaysmufEdkifawmhrnf r[kwfyg/

wpfqufwnf;rSmyJ aejynfawmfwGif;&Sd acG;taygif;udk aeYpOf

aeYwdkif; aumif;rGefwJhtpm;tpmrsm; auR;Mu&r,f? acG;taygif;&JU tEÅ&m,f

toG,foG,fudk a&Teef;awmfBuD;u xm0pOf *½kpdkuftumtuG,fay;oGm;

r,fhvdkY rdefYrSmawmfrlvdkufw,f/ 'DtrdefY 'DtrSmpum;aMumihf aejynfawmf

wpf0Srf;&Sd acG;taygif; 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om jzpfMu&w,f/n


owif;vufaqmifowif;vufaqmifowif;vufaqmifowif;vufaqmifowif;vufaqmif

bdkcg;&mjrdKUu ukefonfMuD;wpfOD;[m wpfaeYawmh tdEd,EdkifiHudk c&D;xGufzdkY

MuHKvmw,f/ c&D;rxGufcif ] tjyefrSm bmvufaqmifawG,lcJh&rvJ} vdkY

olu tdrfom;awGudk ar;owJh/ 'Ddawmh tdrfom;awGu wpfa,mufwpfrsdK;

rSmMuwmaygh/ ukefonfMuD;uvnf; rSmwmawG ,lcJhr,fvdkY uwday;w,f/

'DukefonfMuD;rSmavSmiftdrfxJxnfh arG;xm;wJhtifrwefpum;wwf

wJh Muufwla&G;av;wpfaumif&Sdw,f/ ukefonfMuD;u tajymiftjyuf

oabmeJY ]uJ a&T*Jav;a&? rifhwdkif;jynf tdEd,u ig bmvufaqmifrsm;

,lcJh&rvJ} vdkY ar;vdkufw,f/

'DawmhMuufwla&G;av;u ]bmrS rvdkbl;? tJ'DrSmawGUorQ

Muufwla&G;awGudk oifwdkYu vGwfvGwfvyfvyf ysHoef;aecsdefrSm oifwdkY&JU

nDtpfudkawmf Muufwla&G;av; wpfaumif[mjzifh bdkcg;&mjrdKU&Sd tdrf

wpftdrfu avSmiftdrfxJrSm tusOf;cscHae&ygw,fvdkYom ajymjyay;ygawmh

vdkY ajymowJh/

ukefonfMuD;uMuufwla&G;av;pum;Mum;&awmhodyfoabmusjyD;

[uf[ufyufyuf&,fw,f/ jyD;rS]aumif;ygjyDwJhAsm? rif;yg;vdkufwJh

owif;pum;udk ajymjyvdkufyghr,f} vdkY uwday;jyD; c&D;xGufcJhw,f/

ukefonfMuD;[mtdEd,EdkifiHrSm&uftawmfMumaexdkifjyD;vkyfief;awG

vkyfw,f/ tm;vHk;jyD;pD;vdkY jyefMu&awmhr,fhtcg tdEd´,opfawmxJu

Muufwla&G;awGudk ol jrifvdkufw,f/ 'DawmhrS olY Muufwla&G;av;&JU

trSmpum;udk owd&jyD; Muufwla&G;awG Mum;Edkifavmufatmif tus,fMuD;

atmfajymvdkufw,f/

]tdkMuufwla&G;taygif;wdkY?bdkcg;&mjrdKUuuREfkyf&JhtdrfrSm Muufwla&G;

wpfaumifudk avSmiftdrfeJY avSmifxm;ygw,f? olu oifwdkYtm;vHk;udk

*g&0jyKvdkufygw,f? aemufjyD; oifwdkYwpfawGu [dk[dkonfonf vGwfvGwf

vyfvyf ysHoef;aecsdefrsdK;rSm uRefawmfu avSmiftdrfpH tusOf;om;b0

a&mufae&wm w&m;ygovm;} vdkY ar;vdkufygao;w,f}vdkY ajymjyvdkuf

w,f/


Muufwla&G;awGu bmrS jyefrajymbJ ukefonfMuD;ukd pl;pl;pdkufpdkuf

MunfhaeMuowJh/ 'gayrJh Muufwla&G;wpfaumifuawmh ½kwfw&uf

wkefwkef,if,if jzpfvmjyD; opfyifxufuae ukefonfMuD;ajcaxmufem;

bkwfceJusvmw,f? 'DMuufwla&G;[m tJ'Dae&mrSmyJ aoqHk;oGm;owJh/

ukefonfMuD; odyf tHhtm;oifhoGm;wmaygh/

[mqef;vScsnfvm;?'DMuufwla&G;[m ightdrfuMuufwla&G;av;eJY

trsdK;rsm; awmfpyfaervm; 'grSr[kwf tifrwef cspfcifMuwJh rdwfaqG

oli,fcsif;awGyJvm;? 'Dvdk bmaMumifhjzpf&wmygvdrfh}

ukefonfMuD;[m trsdK;rsdK; pOf;pm;Munfhaerdw,f/ 'gayrJh MumMum

rpOf;pm;Edkifbl;? c&D;qufp&m &Sdaew,f r[kwfvm;/

aemufqHk;rSm oltdrfjyefa&mufvmcJhw,f/ tdrfoltdrfom;awGu

0rf;yrf;womqD;MudKMuw,f/ vufaqmifawG&vdkYvnf; tm;vHk;u 0rf;om

aeMuw,faygh/

cPMumawmh Muufwla&G;av;u ]uRefawmftwGuf bmrsm;ygcJhyg

ovJ} vdkY ar;ygav&m/

]at;uGm rif;twGuf bmrS rygcJhbl;? igpdwfraumif;ygbl;?

'gayrJh tdEd, Muufwla&G;awGudkawmh rif;ajymcdkif;wmawG ajymjyvdkufyg

w,f? olwdkYu bmrS jyefrajymvdkufMuygbl;}

ukefonfMuD;pum;tqHk;rSm Muufwla&G;av;u]uRefawmfhrSmpum;

Mum;Muawmh olwdkYbmrS rvkyfvdkufMubl;vm;} vdkY xyfqifhar;vdkufjyef

w,f/

'DawmhrS ukefonfMuD;u ]at;? tifrwef

xl;qef;wJh jzpf&yfwpfckeJYawmh

MuHKcJh&w,f? rif; ajymcdkif;

wmawG? ajymjy

vdkufwJhtcg

Muufwla&G;


wpfaumifav? ½kwfw&uf wkefwkef,if,ifjzpfvmjyD; opfyifxufuae

ighajcaxmufem; bkwfceJusvmw,f? tJ'Dae&mrSmyJ aooGm;&Smw,fuG,f?

ol[m rif;&JU tcspfqHk;oli,fcsif;rsm; jzpfaervm; rodbl;}

jzpf&yfrSefudk ajymjyvdkufwmeJY Muufwla&G;av;[m wpfcsuf

pl;pl;&J&Jatmfvdkufw,f/ ½kwfw&uf wkefwkef,if,if jzpfvmw,f/

aemufawmh olem;ae&m wef;uav;ay:uae avSmiftdrfMurf;jyifay:

bkwfceJusjyD; aoqHk;oGm;awmhowJh/

ukefonfMuD; &ifoyf½Iarm tHhMorqHk; jzpf&jyefjyDaygh/

]tvdk bk&m; bk&m;? b,fvdkawG jzpfjyefjyDvJ? ig ajymjyvdkufwJh

owif;pum;aMumifh Muufwla&G;av; pdwfxdcdkufoGm;jyD ckvddk jzpfoGm;w,f

xifyg&JU?tif; [dkawmxJu Muufwla&G;tjzpfeJY wpfxyfwnf;wlaeyg

ayghvm;}

ukefonfMuD;[m pdwfraumif;pGmeJY avSmiftdrfudkzGifhw,f/ Muufwl

a&G; aoav;udk,ljyD; O,smOfxJvTifhypfvdkufw,f? 'DtcgrSm ukefonfMuD;tzdkY

ydktHhtm;oifhp&mwpfckeJY xyfMuHK&jyefw,f/ vTifhypfvdkufwJh Muufwla&G;

aoav;[m ajrjyifay: usroGm;bJawmifyHESpfzufudkjzefY avxJysHwuf

oGm;jyD; teD;rSm&SdwJh opfyifay: oGm;em;vdkufvdkYayg/

ukefonfMuD;[m Muufwla&G;av;udkMunfh&if; rawG;wwfatmif

jzpfaew,f/

'DtcdkufrSmyJ opfyifxufuaejyD; Muufwla&G;av;u ]uRefawmf

&Sif;jyygr,f?uRefawmfhrdwfaqG Muufwla&G; opfyifay:u wkefwkef

,if,ifjzpfjyD; uswm[m uRefawmfudk owif;ay;vdkufwmaygh? tif;

ukefonfMuD;uawmh &dyfrdw,f rxifbl;? olay;vdkufwJhowif;u 'Dvdkav?

]rif;vJ vGwfvyfcsif&if aocsifa,mifaqmifvdkufyg} qdkwmygyJ? uRefawmf

vGwfvyfcGifh&atmif ol ay;vdkufwJh enf;twdkif; vkyfvdkufwmyg? tck

uRefawmfvGwfvyfoGm;ygjyD vGwfjyD uRwfjyDaygh cifAsm? avSmiftdrfxJrSm

uRefawmf b,fawmhrS rae&awmhbl;av}

&Sif;jytjyD;rSmawmhMuufwla&G;uav;ta0;wpfae&mudkysHxGufoGm;

awmhw,f/ tJ'DaeYupjyD; ukefonfMuD;[m olU Muufwla&G;av;ukd wpfcgrS

rjrifawGY&awmhbl;/ n


rdcifwpfOD;&JU Zmwfvrf;rdcifwpfOD;&JU Zmwfvrf;rdcifwpfOD;&JU Zmwfvrf;rdcifwpfOD;&JU Zmwfvrf;rdcifwpfOD;&JU Zmwfvrf;

at;vSwJh aqmif;wpfnrSmaygh/

emrusef;jzpfae&SmwJh om;i,fab;rSm rdcifMuD;wpfa,muf xdkifae

w,f/ om;i,f&JUrsufESm[m aoG;r&Sdawmhovdk jzLa&mfaew,f/ rsufvHk;tpHk

udkvnf; rSdwfxm;w,f/

]om;i,fuav; aoawmhr,f xifyg&JU}

'DtcsdefrSm wHcg;acgufoHwpfcsuf ay:xGufvmjyD; tcef;xJudk

tbdk;tdkwpfa,muf0ifvmw,f/ rdcifMuD;u ]rD;zdkab;rSmxkdifyg? uRefr

aumfzDylyluav; azsmfvdkufygOD;r,f} vdkY {nfh0wfausaus c&D;OD;MudKjyKjyD;

xoGm;w,f/ rMumcif rdcifMuD;u aumfzD,lvmjyD; tbdk;tdkukd {nfhcHw,f/

olvnf; rD;zdkab;rSm xdkifvdkufw,f/

rdcifMuD;[m emrusef;jzpfaewJh om;i,fudkMunfhae&if;rS ydefvSD

ao;auG;vSwJh vufuav;wpfzufudk tomt,mqGJ,ljyD; w,kw,

udkifxm;vdkufw,f/

]om;i,fav; ao&awmhrSmvm; tbdk;&,f}

rdcifMuD;u tbdk;tdkudk arQmfvifhwMuD; ar;Munfhw,f/ 'gayrJh

]r&P}trnf&SdwJhtbdk;tdkuEIwfwHkYrjyefbl;/rdcifMuD;ukdom Munfhaew,f/


wjznf;jznf;eJY rdcifMuD; rsufvHk;awG pif;vmw,f/ rtdyf&wm

oHk;n&SddaejyDrdkY cPav;yJjzpfjzpf arS;csifvmw,f/ 'gaMumifhrsufvHk;tpHkudk

rSdwfrdvdkufw,f/ 'gayrJh ½kwfw&uf zsufceJ vefYEdk;vmw,f/ rdcifMuD;

a&SUarmufrSm tbdk;tdk r&Sdawmhbl;/ rdcifMuD;xdwfvefYwMum; x&yf

vdkufw,f/ om;i,fbufudk ysmysmovJvSnfhMunfhvdkufw,f/ tdyf&m

xufrSm om;i,f r&Sdawmhbl;/

rdcifMuD;[mtdrftjyiftarSmifxkxJajy;xGufvmcJhw,f/om;i,fudk

wpmpmatmfac:w,f/ xl;oHrMum;bl;/ 'gayrJh ESif;awG wzGJzGJusqif;aewJh

a&cJjyifay:rSm teufa&mif0wfpHk&Snf0wfxm;wJh rdef;rMuD;wpfa,mufudk

jrif&w,f/ 'Drdef;rMuD;uyJ ]&SifhtdrfxJrSm r&Pudk uRefr jrifvdkufw,f?

&Sifhom;ukd olac:oGm;jyDav} vdkY ajymjyD; ]ol[m avt[kefxufjrefatmif

oGm;Edkifw,f/ol[mbmudkrS jyefr,lvmwwfbl;}vdkYvnf; quf&Sif;jyw,f/

]ol b,foGm;vJ[if? uRefrudk ajymygvm;}

rdcifMuD;u awmif;yefwJhtcg rdef;rMuD;u ]ajymr,f? 'gayrJh

ckawmh onf;cHyg&Sif}

]uRefrom;av;udk jyef&atmif MudK;pm;&SmazG&OD;r,fav? uJ r&P

[m uRefrom;av;udk ac:jyD; b,foGm;w,fqdkwm ajymjyygawmh&Sif}

]uRefrudkoDcsif;awGqdkjyyg? qdkrjy&ifb,fawmhrS od&rSmr[kwfbl;}

rwwfomwJhtqHk;rSm rdcifMuD;[m oDcsif;awG qdkjy&Smw,f?

qdk&if; 0rf;enf;pdwfeJY idkaMuG;rd&Smw,f/ 'DawmhrS nu nmbufudkcsdK;jyD;

rnf;arSmifaewJh opfawmxJ0ifyg? r&P[m &Sifh om;i,fukdayGYjyD; tJ'D

opfawmxJ 0ifoGm;wmyJvdkY ajymjyw,f/

rnf;arSmifaewJh opfawmxJta&mufrSm vrf;ESpfoG,fawGYw,f/

tif; b,fvrf;udkvdkuf&yghrvJ/ vrf;ESpfoG,fMum;rSmawmh t&Gufvnf;r&Sd

yef;vnf;ryGifhwJh ql;yifwpfyif&Sdaew,f/ 'Dql;yifrSm ESif;yGifhawG cJaew,f/

]ql;yifMuD;&,f? r&P b,foGm;ygovJ? uRefr om;i,feJY

'Dem;u jzwfoGm;wmudk ql;yifMuD; rjrifvdkufrdbl;vm;&Sif}


]tif; jrifw,f jrifw,f? 'gayrJh uRefawmfhudk cifAsm;&ifcGifeJYtyfjyD;

taEG;aiGYay;ygOD;As? uRefawmf at;vSjyD? a&cJawG ESif;awGu uRefawmhfudk

owfypfMuawmhr,fAsm}

rdcifMuD;[m ql;yifudk &ifeJYtyfjyD; taEG;"mwfay;&w,f/ 'Dawmh

&ifwpfjyifvHk;rSm ql;jcpf&mawG xifukefw,f/ 'gayrJh &ifaiGYuawmh

wu,fhudk aEG;w,f/ 'gaMumifhvnf; qlyif[m tifrwefat;vSwJh tJ'D

aqmif;nrSmyJ &GufopfawG a0vmawmhw,f/ yef;awG yGifhvmawmhw,f/

'DtcgusrSyJql;yifu vrf;ñTefEdkifawmhw,f/

ñTefwJhtwdkif; qufavQmufvmwJhtcg a&uefus,fMuD;qD a&muf

vmw,f/ a&uefus,fMuD;udk jzwful;zdkY avSr&Sdbl;? a&txuf rsufESmjyif

avmufrSmom cJaewJh a&cJjyifay: jzwfavQmufvdkYvnf;r&bl;/

]om;i,fqDawmh a&mufudk a&muf&r,f}

rdcifMuD;[m om;qD a&mufcsifaZmeJY a&uefus,fMuD;xJua&awG

ukefoGm;atmif MudK;pm;aomufMunfhw,f/

'DwpfcgrSm a&uefMuD;u

]uRefawmfha&awGtm;vHk; ukefoGm;atmif cifAsm; raomufEdkifbl;?

tif; uRefawmfuvnf; vSywJhausmufoHywÅjrm;av;awGudk jrwfEdk;wwf

w,f?cifAsm;rsufvHk;tpHk[m urÇmrSmtvSqHk;ausmufrsufuav;awGyJAsm?

tJ'D rsufvHk;uav;awG uRefawmfudk ay;cJhygvm;Asm?r&P&JU O,smOf

ta&muf o,fydkYay;vdkufr,fav? tJ'DrSm r&P[m olU&JUyef;awG? opfyif

awGudk apmifhMuyfaeav&JU? ol apmifhMuyfxm;wJh opfyifwdkif;? yef;yGifhwdkif;rSm

touf&Sdw,f}

]uRefrom;i,fudk jyef&zdkY uRefr bmrqdk vkyfr,f}

rdcifMuD;[m olUtqHk;tjzwfudkajymjy&if; ½dIufMuD;wiifidkaMuG;vdkuf

w,f/ 'DtcgrSmyJolUrsufpdESpfvHk;[m awmufywJh ausmufuav;ESpfyGifhvdk

a&uefxJusoGm;w,f/ 'DawmhrS a&uefus,fMuD; olUudkayGUcsDjyD; r&P

O,smOfta&muf o,faqmifoGm;w,f/ rdcifMuD;[m rsufvHk;tpHk r&SdawmhvdkY


O,smOfudk rjrifEdkifbl;/ 'gaMumifh ]uRefr r&Pudk b,frSmawG&rSmvJ}vdkY

wzGzGar;&if; ajymjyaew,f/

'DvdkeJY wpfae&mta&mufrSm tbGm;tdkwpfa,mufu qD;jyD; ]ol

'DudkvmaejyD}vdkY ajymvdkufw,f/ 'DtbGm;[m r&P&JU tcdkif;apyJ/ r&P

r&Sdcdkuf O,smOfudkapmifhMuyf&olaygh/ oluyJ]'DvmwJhvrf;udk rif; b,fvdk

&SmawGYovJ}vdkkYar;w,f/

]bk&m;ocifu ulnDvdkufwmyg? tbGm;uvnf; uRefrudkulnDyg

OD;aemf? ulnDr,f r[kwfvm;[if? uRefr&JU om;i,fudk b,frSmawGYEdkifrvJ

tbGm;&,f}

]rifhom;i,fudktbGm;rodbl;? 'gayrJh odwmwpfckawmh&Sdygw,f?

bmvJqdkawmh urÇmay:rSm&SdwJh vlwdkif;twGuf opfyifwpfyifpD a[m'D

O,smOfxJrSm&Sdaew,f? trSefawmh a[m'Du opfyifawG? yef;yGifhawG[m

wjcm;opfyif? yef;yGifhawGeJY twllwlygyJ? jcm;em;wmwpfckuawmh a[m'D

opfyifwdkif; yef;yGifwdkif; ESvHk;ckefaeMuw,fqdkwmyJ? rif;em;axmif

Munfhaygh? tckvdk ajymjywJhtwGufawmh tbGm;udkwpfckckay;&r,faemf}

]uRefrrSm ay;p&mbmrSbmrSrusefawmhbl; tbGm;&,f}

]rif;&JU vSyeufarSmifwJh qHyif&SnfMuD;awGudk ay;ygvm;? tbGm;&Jh

qHyifjzLawGufk rif; ,lEdkifygw,f? qHyifr&SdwmeJYpm&if qHyifjzLawG

&Sdaeao;wmu ydkaumif;w,f r[kwfvm;}

]tbGm;vdkcsifwm 'gtukefyJvm;}

rdcifMuD;uwpfcGef;jyefar;jyD; qHyifawGudk ay;vdkufw,f? jyD;awmh

O,smOfxJESpfOD;om;0ifoGm;jyD; opfyifawG? yef;yGifhawGMum;rSm avQmufMu

w,f/ opfyifwdkif;? yef;yGifhwdkif;rSm emrnfwpfck&Sdxm;w,f/ bmaMumifhvJ

qdkawmh 'D O,smOfwGif;u opfyifwdkif;? yef;yGifhwdkif;[m urÇmus,fMuD;

ae&mrSm&SdaewJh toufwpfacsmif; jzpfaewmudk;/

rdcifMuD;[m ti,fqHk;yef;yGifhawG&JU ESvHk;ckefoHuav;awGudk

uyfem;axmifMunfhw,f/ aemufqHk;rSm oem;pzG,f aumif;avmufatmifudk


ñdI;a&mfaewJh yef;yGifhuav;xJrSm olYom;i,f&JU ESvHk;ckefoHudk Mum;vdkuf

&w,f/

'DtcsdefrSmyJ tbGm;tdku

]yef;yGifhawGudk rxdapeJYaemf? r&P rMumcifa&mufvmawmhr,f?

tbGm;tMuHay;csifwmu r&P a&mufvmwJhtcg yef;tdk;wpftdk;udk

udkifxm;jyD; ]uRefrom;i,f ESvHk;ckefoH&SdaewJh yef;yGifhudk &Sifxd&if uRefr

wjcm;yef;yifESpfyifudk qGJEIwfypfvdkufr,fvdkYajymyg? 'DtajymrsdK;udk ol

tawmfhudk rMum;csifwmaocsmw,f}

'DtcsdefrSm aMumufp&maumif;avmufatmif at;pufwJhavu

O,smOfudkjzwfwdkufvmw,f/ rdcifMuD;u rjrifEdkifayr,fh at;pufwJh

avwdkufwmudkawmh odwmaygh/ 'g[m r&P jzpfr,fqdkwmudkvnf;

&dyfrdvdkkufw,f/ csufcsif;qdkovdkyJ r&P[m olUem;a&mufvmjyD;

]b,fvdkvkyf jrefjrefqefqef cifAsm; a&mufvmovJ} vdkY ar;w,f/

]uRefr[m rdcifwpfa,mufyJ&Sif} vdkY jyeftajzrSm r&Pu

oem;p&maumif;wJh ñdI;a&mfa&mfyef;yGifhuav;udk,lzdkY olY&Snfvsm;at;pufwJh

vufMuD;udk qefYxkwfvdkufw,f/ 'gudk rdcifMuD; b,fvdkodoGm;w,f

rodbl;? yef;yGifhqDolUvufMuD;ra&mufEdkifatmif zrf;qGJxm;vdkufw,f/

r&Pu zrf;qGJxm;wJhvufudk aveJY rIwfxkwfypfw,f/ 'Dawmh

vufESpfzufpvHk; jyKwfusoGm;w,f/

]cifAsm; usKyfudk rwm;qD;Edkifygbl;}

bk&m;ocif&JUtvdkus usKyf aqmif&Gufaewmjzpfw,f/ usKyf[m

bk&m;ocif&JU O,smOfudk apmifhMuyfaewmjzpfw,f/ bk&m;ocif trdefY&SdwJh

tcgwdkif; usKyfu yef;wpfyGifh'gr[kwf opfyifwpfyifudk edAÁmefbHkrSm&SdwJh

olO,smOfxJ o,fydkYay;w,f}

]uRefrom;i,fudk jyefay;yg}

rdcifMuD;uawmif;qdk&if;yef;tdk;ESpftdk;udk aumufudkifxm;vdkuf

w,f/


]uJ om;udkjyefay;yg? ray;&ifawmh a[m'D yef;tdk;xJu yef;awGudk

uRefr qGJEIwfypf&vdrfhr,f? uRefr tonf;uGJumeD;aeygjyD&Sif jyefay;ygawmh}

'Dawmhr&Pu

]olU udkrxdeJY? cifAsm;tck pdwfrcsrf;omjzpfaew,f r[kwfvm;?

xd&if wjcm; rdcifwpfOD;udk cifAsm;vdk pdwfrcsrf;romjzpfatmif zefwD;&m

usoGm;vdrfhr,f}

]&Sif wjcm;rdcifwpfOD;? [kwfvm;}

rdcifMuD;[m yef;tdk; ESpfvHk;pvHk;udk tomt&m jyefcsvdkkufw,f/

]a[m'DrSm cifAsm;&JU rsufpdESpfvHk;? usKyfa&uefxJu q,f,lcJhw,f?

cifAsm;&JU rsufpdESpfvHk;[m a&uefxJrSm ausmufESpfyGifhvdk awmufyaew,f?

a&mh ,lvdkufyg/ [dkwkef;uxufawmif ydkvSvmMuovkdyJ/ 'gaMumifh

[dkwkef;uxuf ydkjyD; MunfMunfvifvif cifAsm;jrifEdkkifrSmyg? uJuJ

a[m'DrSefuav;vJ MunfhygOD; ? rSefxJrSm toufESpfacsmif;udk jrif&vdrfhr,f?


tJ'Dtouf ESpfacsmif;&SdwJh yef;ESpfyGifh trnfemrawGudk usKyfajymjyr,f

'grS cifAsm; oabmayguf em;vnfrSmyJ}

rdcifMuD;urSefxJMunfhvdkufw,f/toufESpfacsmif;udkjrifae&w,f/

toufwpfacsmif;utvSty? aysmf&Tifcsrf;ajrUrI aumif;jcif;tzHkzHkeJY

jynfhpHkaew,f/ usefwpfacsmif;uawmh pdwfraumif;p&m tusnf;wef

t&kyfqdk;rIawGeJY jynfhESufaew,f/

r&Pu

]a[m'D toufESpfacsmif;teuf wpfacsmif;[m cifAsm;om;i,f&JU

toufyJ} vdkY ajymjywJhtcg rdciffMuD;u odcsifaZmMuD;vGef;pGmeJY ]][if

b,f[mvJ? b,f[mvJ/ uRefrom;&JU toufu b,f[mvJ?

aumif;wJh[mvm;? qdk;wJh[mvm;}vdkY ar;w,f/

]usKyf rajymEdkifbl;}

]aMomf aMomf uJ? 'Dvdkjzifhvnf; uRefr taMumif;udk &Sif arhvdkuf

ayawmh?uRefr ar;wm jref;wmawGvnf; arhvdkufygawmh? uRefr&JU

om;i,fudkom ta&mufo,faqmifay;ygawmh/ tJ'DrSm om;i,f aysmfyg

vdrfhr,f}

'Dawmh r&Pu rsufrIefukyfvdkkufjyD;

]cifAsm;udk usKyf em;rvnfawmhbl;? ckeuawmh cifAsm;u

om;i,fudk jyefvdkcsifw,f? ckawmhvnf; ta&mufydkYay;ygawmhwJh}

rdcifrSm bmrS jyefrajymawmhbl;? ajrjyifrSm 'l;axmuf xdkifcs

vdkufjyD; bk&m;ocifuddk wdkifwnfvdkufw,f/

]rSm;,Gif;wJht&mawGudk awmif;qdkrdwJh uRefrudk zbk&m;ocif

cGifhvTwfawmfrlyg? t&m&mudk zbk&m;ocifom todqHk;yg? uRefr awmif;qdk

wmawGudk *&krpdkufygeJYawmh zbk&m;ocif}

'Dawmh rS r&P[m om;i,feJYtwl ykxkZOfrsm; rodEdkifwJh ae&mudk

xGufcGmoGm;awmhw,f/

n


a&Ta&mif0if;wJh rif;orifa&Ta&mif0if;wJh rif;orifa&Ta&mif0if;wJh rif;orifa&Ta&mif0if;wJh rif;orifa&Ta&mif0if;wJh rif;orif

awm&dyfukd xkd;azmufjyD; ausmufrsuf&wema&mifvkd 0if;vufaewJhrsufvkH;av;tpkH[m b,folYrsufvkH;av;rsm;jzpfavrvJ/ OD;csKdawGuvnf;aiGvjcrf;uav;vkd awmufyaevkdufwm/ olUykvJa&mif cGmuav;awGqkd&ifvnf; csKHykwfawGudk jzwfajy;aewmrsm; avt[kefeJY rjcm;bl;/ olol b,folygvdrfh/ wjcm;r[kwfbl;av/ om;oriftaygif;&Jh bk&if]bif,ef} yJaygh/

bif,ef[mAm&mPoDjynfrSm&dSwJh wpfOD;wnf;aom awmbk&ifawmhr[kwfbl;/ olu orifig;&mukd tkyfcsKyfw,f/ ]b&efY} trnf&dSwJh orifwpfaumifuawmh wjcm; orifig;&mudk tkyfcsKyfw,f/

Am&mPoDjynfh&Sif bk&ifuvnf; aeYpOf orifvkdufwJh 0goem&dSw,f/orifawGusufpm;wJh awmra&mufcif bk&ifeJY aemufawmfygawG[mrsm;jym;vSwJh uGif;jyifMuD;awG? v,fuGif;awG? ajymif;cif;awG? oD;ESHcif;uav;awGudk jrif;pD;jzwfausmf&w,f/ 'Dvkd jzwfausmf&awmh jrif;awGupyg;yif? ajymif;yif? oD;ESHyifawGudk eif;acsoGm;Muw,f/ 'DtcgrSmawmifolv,form;awGu ]]t&Sif?uREkfyfwkdYukd oem;awmfrlyg? oem;awmfrlyg}}vkdY wpmpm atmf[pfawmif;yefwkd;vQKd;ayr,fh olwkdY&Jh awmif;yefwkd;vQdK;oHawG[m bk&ifhaemufawmfyg;rsm;&Jh wHykd; c&moHawGatmufrSm aysmufysuffoGm;&wm csnf;ygyJ/

'Dvkd Mudrfzefrsm;pGm cHpm;aeMu&vkdY wpfaeYawmh awmifolv,form;awGpkjyD; 0kdif;tajz&SmMuw,f/

]usKyfwkdY vuf&dStajctaeukd b,fvkd ajymif;vJypfMurSmvJ}]orifawGtm;vkH;udk bk&ifhopfawmxJ armif;oGif;xm;vkdufwm

taumif;qkH;yJ/ 'DvkdrS bk&if awmvkdufwJhxGufwJhtcg uREfkyfwkdY v,fuGif;awGxJ jzwfausmfoGm;zdkY rvkdawmhrSm}}

'DtMuHay;csufukd awmifolv,form; tm;vkH;u oabmwlvufcH Muw,f/ olwkdY[m tcsdefqGJraeMuawmhbJ bk&ifhopfawmxJrSmjrufyifawG pkdufysKd;Muw,f/ a&uefawG wl;azmfMuw,f/ tm;vkH;jyD;pD;oGm;awmh jrdKUvlxkudk zdwfac:? wkwfawG? vSHawG ukd,fpD ukdifaqmifapjyD;orifawGudk bk&ifhopfawmxJ armif;oGif;Muw,f/ orifawGtm;vkH;


bk&ifhopfawmxJa&mufoGm;wJhtcg opfawmwHcg;MuD;udk ydwfvkdufMuw,f/'Daemuf olwkdYbk&ifxHoGm;jyD; ]t&Sifrif;MuD;? uREkfyfwkdY vkyfzG,fudpöt00jyD;pD;MuygjyD? [kdpOfwkef;uawmh t&Sifrif;MuD; orifypfxGufwJhtcgt&Sifrif;MuD;wkdY pD;eif;MuwJh jrif;awGu uREkfyfwkdY&Jh pyg;yifawGudkeif;acsoGm;Muygw,f/ 'gaMumifh ,ck 'Dvkd rjzpf&avatmif t&Sifrif;MuD;&JhopfawmxJ orifawGtm;vkH; uREkfyfwkdY armif;oGif;ay;xm;vkdufygjyD/orifawGtwGuf jrufyifawG pkdufysKd;ay;xm;jyD;ygjyD/ a&uefawG wl;azmfay;xm;NyD;ygjyD/ t&Sifrif;MuD;vnf; uREkfyfwkdY&Jh v,fuGif;rsm;udk jzwfausmfjyD;orifypfxGuf&ef rvkdtyfawmhyg} vkdY wifavQmufMuw,f/

aemufykdif;&ufawGrSm bk&if[m bk&ifhopfawmwGif;rSmyJ orifypfxGufawmhw,f/ bk&if[m tifrwefvSywJh oriftkyfMuD;ukdaeYpOf½Ipm;awmfrlw,f/ wpfaeYrSm oriftkyfxJu a&Ta&mif0if;aewJh xl;xl;jcm;jcm;orifMuD;ESpfaumifukd jrifawGUvkdufw,f/ bk&ifu csufcsif;yJ ]tJ'Da&Ta&mif0if;aewJh orifMuD;ESpfaumifudk b,faomtcgrS rypfMuaveJY} vkdYtrdefYxkwfw,f/ 'DtrdefYaMumifh bif,efYeJY b&efYwkdY[m cRefjrwJhjrm;'Pfuuif;a0;aeMuw,f/ 'gayr,fh useforifuav;rsm;qkd&if jrm;csufeJYtoufrqkH;cif 'Pf&m'Pfcsufaygif; &maxmif&Muw,f/

'geJY b&efYu bif,efqDoGm;jyD; olYpdwful;ukd xkwfazmfajymjyw,f/

]tcsif;rdwfaqG? ,ck uREkfyfajymjyrnfh pum;rsm;udk tav;teufxm; em;axmifapcsifygw,f/ uREkfyfwkdY&Jh vufatmufi,fom;awG[m towfcH&½kHwGifomru rvkdtyfbJ 'Pf&m'Pfcsufaygif;rsm;pGm&Muao;w,f/ bk&ifhrSmvnf;wpfaeYvQif wpfaumifusypfcwfowfjzwfjyD;yGJawmfwnfzkdY qE&dSw,f/ bk&ifhqEt& wpfaumifwnf; zrf;towfcH&r,fhta&;rSm tb,faMumifh orifaygif;rsm;pGm temw& jzpfMu&rSmvJ?'Dawmh wpfaeYvQif wpfaumifus eef;awmfxJ0if towfcHwm ykdraumif;aybl;vm; tcsif; rdwfaqG}

bif,efu b&efY wifjyvmwJh tBuHÓPfukd vufcHvkdufw,f/wpfcsdefwnf;rSmyJ trdefYwpfck xkwfjyefw,f/ 'DtrdefYt& aemufykdif;&ufawGrSm aeYpOftvSnfhus orifwpfaumif[m eef;awmfwHcg;0oGm;jyD;ausmufwkH;MuD;ay: ol&Jh jzLazG;wJh ezl;jyifudk toifhwifay;&&Smw,f/


'DaeY bif,eforiftkyfpku wpfaumifoGm;towfcH&if aemufaeYb&efYoriftkyfpkxJu wpfaumif oGm;towfcHaygh/

wpfaeY om;i,forifaygufuav;arG;jyD;ump orifrMuD; tvSnfha&mufvmw,f/ 'DorifrMuD;[m b&efY oriftkyfpk xJu jzpfw,f/orifrMuD;udk olUtvSnfhusjyDjzpfwJhtaMumif; ajymjyvkdufwJhtcg orifrMuD;u b&efYqD tajy;oGm;jyD; ]t&Sif? uaeY[m eef;awmfxJoGm;jyD;towfcH&zkdY uREkfyftvSnfhjzpfvmygjyD? okdYaomf uREkfyf\ om;i,fav;[mtifrwefudk tm;enf;aeygao;w,f/ rdcif&Jh *½kpkdufrI vkdtyfaeygao;w,f/rdcifr&dS&if rjzpfao;wJh tajctaerSm &dSaeygao;w,f/ 'gaMumifhom;i,fuav; MuD;vmrS oGm; towfcHyg&ap t&Sif} vkdY taMumif;jytoem;cHw,f/

]rjzpfbl; orifrMuD;? oGm;&r,f/ wjcm; orifwpfaumifeJY tpm;xkd;vkdYvnf; roifhawmfbl;/ oifhukd trdefYay;xm;wJhtwkdif;yJ eef;awmfxJoGm;vkdufygawmh}

orifrMuD; &ifwGif;rcsd EGrf;&daMuuGJ oGm;&Smw,f/ rsuf&nfusvmw,f/ ESvkH;om; wqwfqwf vIyfcgae&Smw,f/ MuH&mr&EkdifawmhwmrkdYbif,efqD ajy;w,f/

]tkd t&Sif bif,ef? eef;awmfxJ0if towfcHzkdY uREkfyftvSnfhusvmygjyD/ 'gayr,fh rdcifr&dS&if rjzpfao;wJh om;i,fuav; uREkfyfrSm&dSaeygw,f/ 'Dom;av; MuD;jyif;vmwJhtcgusrS oGm; towfcHyg&ap/uREkfyfeJY om;i,fuav;udk oem;aomtm;jzifh ulnDygOD; t&Sif bif,ef}

bif,efu rqkdif;rwGbJ jyefajymw,f/]pdwfat;csrf;ompGmeJY oifhom;i,fav;xH jyefayawmh orifrMuD;?

wjcm; orifwpfaumifeJY tpm;xkd; jzpf rjzpf uREkfyf MunfhygOD;r,f}orifrMuD; odyf 0rf;om&Tifvef;oGm;w,f/ om;i,fav;qD

tvsiftjref ajy;w,f/ orifrMuD; ajy;xGuftoGm;rSm bif,efuvnf;wdrfpkdif wdrfwkdufawGudk vQyfpD;u xkd;azmufvkdufovkd opfyifawG?csKHykwfawGukd xkd;azmufausmfvTm; ajy;oGm;w,f/ cPcsif;yJ eef;awmfwHcg;0tem; a&mufvmcJhw,f/ bif,ef[m ausmufwkH;MuD;ay: ezl;jyifukdtvkdufoifh wifay;xm;vkdufawmhw,f/


a&Ta&mif0if;aewJh orifMuD; ausmufwkH;rSm vma&muf vnfpif;cH

aewmudk om;owform;jrifawmh odyfudk tHhtm;oifh wkefvIyfoGm;w,f/

vufxJu "m;MuD;awmif vGwfusoGm;w,f/

]tkd a&TorifMuD;yJ? towfcHzkdY toifhjzpfaejyD/ a&TorifMuD;

b,fvkd vkyfvkdufygvdrfh/ bk&ifhtrdefYawmf&dSw,f/ a&TorifMuD;udk owfvkdY

rjzpfbl;/ cufjyD/ 'ku©ygyJ}

om;owform;[m pOf;pm;vkdYr&/ bmvkyfvkdY bmudkif&rSef;vJ

rodawmhbl;/ tawmfav;MumrS pOf;pm;&vmw,f/ [kwfjyD? 'gtaumif;

qkH;yJ? om;owform;[m bk&ifhxHarSmuf ta&muf0if awGUjrifcJhorQ

wifavQmufvkdufw,f/ wifavQmufcsuftqkH;rSm bk&if xkdifraeEkdifawmhbl;/

cspfvSpGmaomnDi,fwpfa,mufukd awGUzkdY tpfudkwpfa,mufutajy;tvTm;

oGm;ovkd bk&if[m bif,efqD ta&muf ajy;xGufoGm;awmhw,f/

bif,efem; a&mufwJhtcg

]tkd acsmarmvSyvGef;wJh toif orif? tb,fodkYaom taMumif;

jcif;&mawGu emusifrIa0'emudkay;r,fh 'DausmufwkH;MuD;qDokdY oifhtm;

ykdYaqmifay;vkdufygovJ} vkdY pdwfraumif;jcif;MuD;pGmeJY MuifMuifemem

ar;vkdufw,f/

bif,efu wkefvIyfrI uif;pGmeJY jyefajzw,f/

]t&Sifrif;MuD;? ,aeY orifjzLrMuD;&Jh tvSnfhusygw,f/ olUwGif

orifaygufuav; wpfaumif &dSaeygonf/ xkdorifjzLrMuD; ukd,fpm;

uREkfyfa&mufvmjcif; jzpfygonf/ orifaygufuav;onf rdcifr&dSvQif

rjzpfonfh tajctaerSm &dSaeygí uREkfyf ,ckuJhokdY jyKrIaqmif&Gufjcif;

jzpfayonf}

bk&if odyfudk pdwfxdckdufoGm;&w,f/ aMuuGJ0rf;enf;vGef;vkdY

yg;jyifxufrSm rsuf&nfawGawG usqif;vmw,f/ bk&if[m ajrjyifay:

'l;axmufvkdufjyD; bif,efY a&Ta&mif0if;aewJh OD;acgif;udk w,kw,

ukdifwG,f yGwfoyfvkdufw,f/

]tkd jrifhjrwfvSaom a&Torif? orifrMuD;\ toufudk uREkfyf

csrf;omay;ygawmhrnf? toif a&Torif xygavmh? awmxJokdY jyefyg

avavmh}


]t&Sifrif;MuD;? ,ck trdefYawmft& uREkfyf toufum; csrf;om&m

&cJhayjyD/ awmwGif;rSm&dSMuaom uREkfyf\ rsKd;EG,f wjcm;oriftaygif;ESifh

ywfoufí tokdYenf;}

]olwkdY\ toufudkvnf; csrf;omay;ygrnf a&Torif}

]om"k om"k om"k? bk&ifhopfawmwGif;u oriftaygif; touf

csrf;om&m&MuavjyD/ t&Sifrif;MuD; aejynfawmfwGif;u orifrsm;twGuf

tokdYenf;}

]olwkdY toufukdvnf; csrf;omay;ygrnf a&Torif}

]om"k om"k om"k? t&Sifrif;MuD; oifonf om;oriftaygif;\

toufukd csrf;omay;cJhayjyD/ t&Sifrif;MuD;taejzifh ajcav;acsmif;

owå0grsm;\ toufukdyg csrf;omay;Ekdifygrnfvm;}]tkd u½kPmt&Sif a&Torif? ajcav;acsmif;owå0grsm;\

toufukdyg uREkfyf csrf;omay;Ekdifygonf/ csrf;omay;ygrnf}]om"k om"k om"k? ajcav;acsmif;owå0grsm; toufcsrf;om&m

&MuayjyD/ tmumoaumif;uif,HrSm ysHoef;Muaom iSufowå0grsm;udkygcsrf;omay;Ekdifrnfavm}

]csrf;omay;ygrnf a&Torif}]om"k om"k om"k? oifum; ,ckqkdvQif ajcav;acsmif; owå0g

rsm;ESifh iSufrsm;\ toufukd Muifemoem;pdwfjzifh csrf;omay;cJhayjyD/okdYaomf a&xJü &Sifoefusufpm;Mu&aom ig;owå0grsm;ESifh ywfoufíuREkfyf rod&ao;yg}

]ig;owå0grsm;\ toufukdyg csrf;omay;ygrnf toif a&Torif}]om"k om"k om"k}bk&ifh ESvkH;tdrfrSm tMuifemprf;a& pD;jzmaew,f/ tJ'DaeYupjyD;

bk&if[m jynfolrsm;udk &if0,fom;rsm;vkd cspfcifMuifemrIrsm;pGmeJYtkyfcsKyfvmcJhwJhtwGuf aejynfawmftwGif; rDSwif;aexkdifMuwJh ouf&dSowå0gtm;vkH; ESvkH;pdwf0rf; at;csrf;Mu&w,f/

n


a':yg&ma':yg&ma':yg&ma':yg&ma':yg&m

]tef} i,fpOfuawmh olUzcif yef;yJorm;eJYtwl &Gmi,fuav; wpf&GmrSm

aecJhw,f/ tefrSm nDrokH;a,muf tpfukdav;a,muf&dSw,f/ rdom;pkrsm;

awmh odyfaysmfMuwmaygh/ armifESrawGtm;vkH; ausmif;wufMu? ausmif;ydwf

&ufusawmh &Gmu wjcm;uav;awGeJY upm;Mu? a&ul;oGm;Mu/ aysmfvkdY

ukd rqkH;EkdifMubl;/

tefu orD;awGxJrSm tMuD;rkdY tdrfrI udpöawG ulvkyfay;&w,f/

tefwkdY tdrfab;rSm rkqkd;r trsKd;orD;MuD; rpöuftdwfcfaew,f/

'DtrsKd;orD;MuD;udk b,folrS rsufESmaMumrwnfhbl;? rESpfjrdKUbl;/ uav;awG

tjyifxGufupm;&if qlw,f nHw,fqkdjyD; Mudrf;vm; Mudrf;&Jh/ abmvkH;

uav; olUNcHxJ a&mufoGm;&ifawmif 0ifaumufvkdY r&bl;/ jcHxJu

jrufcif;ukd eif;rdrSm pkd;owJh/ 'gaMumifh wkwf&Snf&SnfeJY xkd;,lMu&w,f/wpfcgwpfcgusawmh olu uav;awGudk q&mvkyfao;w,f/ eifwkdYupm;enf;r[kwfao;bl;? rSm;aew,f/ 'Dvkd 'Dvkd upm;&w,fvkdY ukd,fwkdif ukd,fus jywwfw,f/

wu,fawmh rpöuftdwfcf[m uav;awGukdom pdwfqif;&Jatmifvkyfwm r[kwfbl;/ vlMuD;awGukdvnf;uoduatmufjzpfatmif zefwD;wwfao;w,f/ tdrfeD;csif; tcsif;csif; jiif;MujyDqkd&if ol Mum;0ifvmjyD/ olajz&Sif;jyD/ jyD;awmh tdrfwumoGm;? awGUwJholwkdif;udk ol b,fvkdb,fykHajz&Sif;ay;cJh&wJhtaMumif; ajymawmhwmyJ? 'Dawmh vlawGu olUukd twif;tzsif;tifrwefajymwwfwJh rdef;rMuD;vkdY jrifvmMua&m/


rpöuftdwfcf[m trsm;tm;jzifh tef&JhtdrfvmjyD; tefY tareJYwpfaeukef twif;tzsif; ajymavh&dSw,f/ tMuHÓPf ay;avh&dSw,f/cyf½kdif;½kdif; ajym&&if vm vm jyD; q&mvkyfavh&dSw,f/ xrif; b,fvkdcsuf&w,f/ rkefYb,fvkdzkwf&w,fupjyD; csKyf½kd;uav;awGvSatmif b,fvkdcsKyf&w,f txdyJ/

wpfaeYawmh cgwkdif;vkd q&mvkyfvkdY0jyD; jyefxGufoGm;wJhtcgtefu olUtarukd rauseyfykHrsKd;av;eJY

]taruvnf; 'Drdef;rMuD; q&mvmvkyfaewmudk bmaMumifhemcHae&wmvJ? olUudk wav;wpm;vkyfaezkdY rvkdygbl;tar&m?wu,fawmhb,folrS olUukd vufcHpum;rajymcsifbl;? wpfa,mufwnf; tvkyf½IyfaewJh

rdef;rMuD;? twif;tzsif;awG odyfajymwwf wJh rdef;rMuD;? tNrJwrf;pyfpkwwfwJh rdef;rMuD; tar&Jh} vkdY rJhrJh&GJU&GJU ajymawmh tefYtaru NyHK;jyD;


]'DrSmorD;? vlwkdif;rSm tm;enf;csKdU,Gif;csuftenf;eJYtrsm;&dSMuw,f/b,folrS >cif;csufrJh aumif;w,fvkdY r&dSbl;/ rpöuftdwfcftaMumif;raumif;ajymaeMuwJh vlawGrSmvnf; csKdU,Gif;csuf&dSwmygyJ/ wu,fawmhrpöuftdwfcf[m yGifhyGifhvif;vif; ajymwwfjyD; a0zefwwfwJh trsKd;orD;MuD;ygorD;&,f/ 'gayrJh ol[m tajrmftjrifMuD;rm;olvnf; jzpfygw,f orD;/ol wwfoavmuf rSwfoavmuf olrsm;ukd ulnDcsifw,f/ tarwkdY[mvlawGudk cyfjrefjref cyfvG,fvG,f rqkH;jzwfoifhbl;/ &uf&ufpufpufcufcufxefxefvnf; tuJrjzwfoifhygbl;/ csKdU,Gif;csuf tm;enf;csufawGudkom uGufrMunfhoifhbl;av} vkdY pdwf&Snfvuf&Snf &Sif;jyvkdufw,f/

tefY tar &Sif;jywmawG rSefw,fvkdY qkd&rSmyJ/ bmaMumifhvJqkdawmhrpöuftdwfcf aoqkH;vkdY olUaowrf;pmudk zwfMuwJhtcg wpf&GmvkH;tHhom;oifhoGm;Mu&vkdYygyJ/ rpöuftdwfcf[m tusKd;jyKvkyfief;awGtwGufaiGaMu;tajrmuftjrm;vSLxm;cJhw,f/ uav;rsm;twGuf upm;uGif;topfjyKvkyfay;&efwJh? aq;½kHrSm vkdtyfwJh tokH;taqmifypönf;awG 0,f&efwJh/ausmif;aqmifopfwpfck aqmufvkyf&efwJh/ tkd pkHaewmygyJ/ 'ghtjyifvlwpfa,mufuvGJjyD; wpf&GmvkH; olUtay: raumif;jrifaeMuwmudk ol&dyfrdaMumif;? 'Dwpfa,mufwnf;[m olUrdwfaqGMuD;yJ jzpfaMumif;? olUrdwfaqGMuD;rSm aumif;jcif;r*FvmrSeforQ tpOfxm0& canmif;Ekdifap&efqkawmif;ygaMumif; jznfhpGufa&;xm;ao;w,f/

tJ olUrdwfaqGMuD;qkdwm b,foljzpfrvJ? tef&Jh taryJaygh/'gaMumihftef[m rpöuftdwfcfukda&m olUtar&Jh rSwfom;p&m pum;awG

ukda&m b,fawmhrS rarhawmhbl;wJh/

n


rdbvkyfauR; Muufwla&G;rdbvkyfauR; Muufwla&G;rdbvkyfauR; Muufwla&G;rdbvkyfauR; Muufwla&G;rdbvkyfauR; Muufwla&G;

awmifukef;wpfukef;xdyfrSm ykd;pmyifawG trsm;MuD;aygufwJh awmi,fav;

wpfawm&dSw,f/ Muufwla&G; usufpm;wJhawmaygh/ Muufwla&G;awGudk

Muufwla&G;bk&ifeJY bk&ifru tkyfcsKyfw,f/

Muufwla&G; bk&ifeJY bk&ifrrSm tiffrwefvSywJh Muufwla&G;

om;i,fav;wpfaumif&dSw,f/ ol[m urÇmay:rSm &SdwJh Muufwla&G;tm;vkH;

xuf ykdvSw,f/

aeY &uf v ESpf awG ukefvGefvmwmeJYtrQ Muufwla&G; bk&ifeJY

bk&ifr[m touft&G,fawG tkdrif;&ifha&mfvmMuw,f/ wpfcsdefwnf;rSm

Muufwla&G;om;i,fuav;uvnf; aumif;jcif;t*FgtjzmjzmeJY usufoa&

&dS&dS t&G,fa&mufvmcJhw,f/ urÇmwpf0ef;vkH;u Muufwla&G;awGeJY r,SOfom

avmufatmif oefrmxGm;usKdif;vmw,f/

Muufwla&G;av;u wpfaeYrSm rdbESpfyg;udk ½kd½kdaoao ajymjyw,f/

]cspfvSpGmaom rdbESpfyg; cifAsm;/ tck uRefawmf t&G,fa&mufygjyD/

tm;tifjynfhjzdK;jyD; tNrJwrf;BuHhckdif oefpGrf;aeygw,f/ 'gaMumifh rdb

ESpfyg;twGuf v,fuGif;awGxJoGm; tpm&SmcGifhjyKygawmh}


rdbawGu cGifhjyKvdkufw,f/ 'Dawmh ol[m Muufwla&G;tkyfeJY

pyg;awG atmifjrifvSwJh v,fuGif;awGxJoGm; tpm&Smw,f/ v,fuGif;xJ

a&mufwmeJY ol t0pm;w,f/ 0wJhtcg rdbESpfyg;twGuf pyg;ESH

tajrmuftjrm;udk EIwfoD;eJYtjynfh udkufcsDjyefcJhw,f/

wpfaeYawmh olygwJh Muufwla&G;tkyf[m yxrv,fxuf ydkatmifjrif

wJh v,fuGif;vSvSMuD;wpfckudk awGYMuw,f/ olwdkY wjcm; b,fv,fuGif;

udkrS roGm;MuawmhbJ'Dv,fuGif;vSvSMuD;xJrSmom aeYpOf tpmpm;Muw,f/

'D v,fuGif;rSm tapmifhwpfa,muf&Sdw,f/ tapmydkif;&ufawG

rSmawmh v,fapmifhu Muufwla&G;awGudk bmrS rvkyfbl;? MunfhyJaew,f/

'gayrJh aeYpOf&ufquf vmvmpm;MuwmMumawmh ]tif; rjzpfacsawmhbl;?

igh v,f&Sifudk ajymjyrS jzpfawmhr,f? bmrSrvkyf&if pyg;awG ukefoGm;vdrfh

r,f}vdkY awG;jyD; v,f&Sifudk csufcsif;oGm;ajymjyvdkufw,f/

]ocif? uRefawmfwdkYv,fu ajrodyfaumif;w,f? 'gaMumifh

wjcm; v,fawGupyg;xuf ydkatmifjrifw,f? pyg;aphwdkif;[m xGm;jyD;

vSyMuw,f? tck uRefawmfwdkYv,fxJ Muufwla&G;tkyf aeYpOfususvm

w,f/ 'DtkyfxJrSm tvSqHk; Muufwla&G;wpfaumifudk uRefawmf

owdxm;rdw,f? ol[m v,fxJrSm t0pm;&Hkwif tm;r&EdkifyJ jyefwJhtcg

EIwfoD;eJY pyg;ESHtrsm;MuD;udkudkufcsDoGm;ygao;w,f? uRefawmfwdkY 'Dtwdkif;

vufydkufMunfhaevdkY rjzpfawmhbl;xifw,f}

v,f&Sifu ]pyg;ESHtajrmuftjrm; o,f o,f oGm;w,fqdkwJh

Muufwla&G;av;udk rdatmifaxmifzrf;? wpfck&Sdw,f? rd&if rowfeJJY?

ighqD t&Sif,lvmcJh}

aemufaeYrSmyJ v,fapmifhu axmifacsmufcsw,f/ rMumcif

Muufwla&G;tkyf ysHqif;vmw,f/ a[m v,f&SifvdkwJh Muufwla&G;av;

axmifacsmufrSmrdoGm;jyD/ Mo tawmfqef;ygvm;/ Muufwla&G;uav;

£ajE´vHk;0rysufygvm;/ txdwfwvefYtrlt&mrsdK;vnf; wpdk;wpdrS

ray:bl;/ tif; xl;awmhxl;aejyD/ aMomf 'Dvdkav/ Muufwla&G;av;rSm

tawG;wpfck 0ifvmwmudk;/ ig atmfvdkuf&if ig axmifacsmufrSm

rdjyDqdkwm igtazmfawG odoGm;Mur,f? odoGm;&if aMumuf&GHUxdwfvefYjzpfjyD;


pyg;awGudk pm;Muawmhr,f r[kwfbl;/ olwdkY tpm;0csdefavmufrSmyJ ig

olwdkYtultnDac:awmhr,fqdkwJh tawG;yJaygh/

uJ ckavmufqdk ightaygif;taz:awG 00vifvifpm;jyD;MujyDxif&JU/

'DawmhrS olu atmfjyD; tultnDawmif;vdkufw,f/ 'gayrJh wpfaumifrS

olYtem; uyfrvmMubl;? aMumufvefYwMum;eJY wpfaumifrusefysHajy;

Muw,f/

tultnDrJh txD;usefjzpfJ&jyDvdkY cHpm;vdkkuf&wmeJY Muufwla&G;av;

orf;enf;yufvuf ½IdufMuD;wiif csHK;yGJcs idkawmhw,f/

]ig olwdkYtay: b,fwkef;urS raumif;pdwf rxm;cJhzl;ygbl;?

bmaMumifh olwdkY ighudkypfxm;cJh&ufMuwmvJ} vdkY Muufwla&G;av;rcsdwifuJ

awG;rdw,f/

rMumcif v,fapmifha&mufvmw,f/ oluawmh Muufwla&G;

rdaewmudk jrifvdkuf&ifyJ tm;&0rf;omjzpfoGmw,f/ csufcsif; zrf;,l

vdkufw,f/

]at;? odyf[efusayghuGm? ig zrf;csifwmuvnf; rif;rS rif;ygyJ} vdkY

ausauseyfeyfMuD; ajymvdkufjyefw,f/ aemufawmh v,fapmifh[mv,f&SifqD

ta&muf cyfokwfokwf xGufvmcJhw,f/

v,f&SifqDta&mufrSm v,f&Sifu Muufwla&G;av;udk vufESpfzufeJY

nifnifomom vSrf;,lw,f/

]iSufuav;? rif;rSm v,fuGufuav;wpfckrsm; &Sdaeovm;?

igh v,fxJu pyg;ESHawGudk rif;EIwfoD;eJYtjynfhcsDjyD; tJ'D v,fuGufxJrSm

oGm;odrf;qnf;xm;ovm;? rif;u aeYwdkif; ighpyg;ESHawG EIwfoD;eJYtjynfh

o,fo,f oGm;w,fqdk? rif;odyfudkqdk;wJh iSufuav;yJ}

'Dawmh Muufwla&G;av;u csdKcsdKomomyJ&Sif;jyw,f/

0wÅ&m;wpfck? ausyGefrItwGuf

uREfkyfaeYpOf xrf;aqmif\/

&wemypönf; odkrSD;avSmifxm;

oif odem;vnfygbd/


]aMomf 'Dvdkvm;? [kwfygjyDav? 'gayrJh &Sif;jyprf;ygOD;? oifaeYpOf

ausausyGefyGefxrf;aqmifaewmu b,fvdk 0wÅ&m;vJ? odkavSmifwm;wJh

&wemqdkwmua&m bmawGrsm;vJ Muufwla&G;av;&,f}

]0wÅ&m;qdkwmu touft&G,f MuD;&ifhjyDjzpfvdkY tpma&pmudk

ysHoef;r&SmazGEdkifMu&SmwJh uREfkyf rdbESpfyg;twGuf]uREfkyfaeYpOf tpm&Sm

xGufjcif;}ygyJ/ &wemqdkwmuawmh ]cspfjcif;arwÅm awm0em} ygyJ/

tJ'Dcspfjcif;arwÅm awm0emxJrSm tm;enf;olrsm;udk tm;om;olawGu

ulnDaxmufyHhMuw,f? rGwfodyfqmavmifolrsm;udk tpma&pmay;Muw,f}


Muufwla&G;av;pum;Mum;vkduf&awmh v,f&SifMuD; odyfudk tm;&

auseyfoGm;w,f/ yDwd,kdzdwfvmw,f/

]rGefjrwfvSygw,f toifMuufwla&G;av;/ igh&Jh v,fuGif;[m

uaeYupjyD; oifwkdYtm;vkH; ykdifqkdifMuwJh v,fuGif;jzpfoGm;ygjyD/ uJ

oifhudk apmifharQmfaeMur,fh rdtkdztkdrsm;xH vGwfvyfaysmf&TifpGm ysHoef;yg

avawmh/ 'gayrJh ighv,fxJukd aeYpOf rysufruGuf vmcJhygaemf}

Muufwla&G;av; ysHxGufoGm;w,f/ olUawmtkyf jyefta&mufrSm

wjcm; Muufwla&G;awG tm;vkH; 0kdif;tkHvmMuw,f/ olwkdYukd Muufwla&G;

av;u jzpfaMumif;ukefpif jyefajymjyw,f/

tJ'DaeYupjyD; 'DawmxJrSm&dSMuwJh Muufwla&G;awGtm;vkH; ykdjyD;

pkpkpnf;pnf; &dSvmMuw,f/ ykdjyD;vnf; aysmf&Tifcsrf;ajrhvmMuw,f/

n


ewfzk&m;rawG trsm;MuD;xJu cspfp&mtaumif;qHk; ewfzk&m;ruawmh

]pD;&D;pf} yJ/ ol[m v,f,majrudkapmifhMuyfwJh ewfzk&m;raygh/ *&dawGu

olYudk ]'rD;wm} vdkY ac:Muw,fav/ vlom;awGtwGuf toHk;0ifwJh

oD;ESHyifawG &SifoefzGHUjzdK;atmif ajrMuD;uae opfoD;awG? yef;refawG?

pdrf;vef;pdkajywJhtyifawG aygufzGm; &Sifoefvmatmif oluyJ zefwD;ay;wm

jzpfw,f/ ajrMuD;xJrSm cspdkkufvdkkufwJh rsdK;aphuav;wpfaphudk olu

apmifhMuyfw,f? *½kpdkufw,f/ tañSmufuav;awG xGufvmjyDqdk&if

tjrJrjywf owdxm;Munfhaew,f/ 'DtañSmufuav;awG xGm;usdKif;

oefpGrf;wJhtyifb0a&mufjyD; toD;tESHaumif;awG oD;yGifhzkdY arSmfynmeJUvnf;

zefwD; ay;ao;w,f/

pD;&D;pfrSm tifrwefvSwJh orD;i,fav; ]y½dkqmyDem} &Sdw,f/

*&dawGuawmh 'DorD;i,fav;udk ]ygqDzkef;} vdkY cspfpEdk;ac:Muw,f/

pD;&D;pfu orD;i,fuav;udk tonf;epfatmifcspfw,f/ orD;i,fav;

uvnf; ol tvkyfvkkyf&mrSm tjrJulnDw,f r[kwfvm;/

y½dkqmyDemav;&JU jzpfaMumif;ukefpify½d kqmyDemav;&JU jzpfaMumif;ukefpify½d kqmyDemav;&JU jzpfaMumif;ukefpify½d kqmyDemav;&JU jzpfaMumif;ukefpify½d kqmyDemav;&JU jzpfaMumif;ukefpif


y½dkqmyDemav;u awmawmifxJrSmaeMuwJh ewforD;uav;awGeJY

upm;&wmudk odyfrufarmw,f/ olYrdcif&yfa0;xGuf? aumufyifrsdK;aphawG

&SifoefzGYHjzdK;atmif apmifhMuyfjyKpkaecsdefrsdK;qdk&if y½dkqmyDemav;[m olY

taygif;taz:awGeJY awmxJawmifxJvSnfhvnfjyD; aysmfaMumif;&Smaeawmh

wmyJ? 'DawmhaysmfaMumif;&SmaewJhwpfaeYrSm y½dkqmyDemav; xl;qef;wJhjzpf&yf

wpfckeJY &ifqdkifwdk;vdkuf&w,f/

y½dkqmyDemav;[m tazmfewforD;awGeJY yef;pHkaygwJh ]atoDem}

awmifapmif;rSm oDcsif;awGqdkjyD; jrL;wl;aew,f/ uckefaew,f/ uckef

jyD;awmh taygif;taz:awGeJYcGJjyD; [dk;cyfvSrf;vSrf;u jrufcif;pdrf;pdrf;ay:rSm

pdwfvGwfudk,fvGwf avQmufoGm;aejyefw,f/ 'Dtcdkufta&mifrsdK;pHkaewJh

yef;yifv,fMuD;udkawGYvdkY ol yef;wpfyGifhudk vSrf;cl;w,f/ tñSmucdkkifvGef;

awmh awmfawmfeJYcl;r&bl;/tm;ukefpdkufcl;vdkkufawmhrS tjrpfyg uRwfxGufjyD;

ygvmw,f/ tjrpfuRwfxGufvmwJhae&mrSm wGif;MuD;vdk jzpfusef&pfw,f

av/

wGif;MuD;udkol ai;MunfhaepOfrSmyJ ol arSmftwwfeJY jyKpm;cHvdkkuf&jyD

qdkwm odvdkkuf&w,f/ bmaMumifhvJqdkawmh wGif;u wpfp wpfp MuD;MuD;

vmwmudk;/ wGif;MuD;[m aemufqHk;awmh vdkPf*lMuD;wpfck&JU t0MuD;vkd

jzpfvmw,fav/

aemufawmh &ifxdwfp&meJY qufwdkufMuHK&awmhwmyJ/ cyfa0;a0;u

rdk;jcdrf;vdkufovdkk ay:xGufvmwJh wkef[D;oHMuD;udkMum;&w,f/ wpfcsdef

wnf;rSm wGif;0uae cHHhnm;xnf0gvGef;vSwJh a&Tjrif;&xm;MuD; bGm;ceJ

xGufvmw,f/ tzdk;wef&wemawGeJY ae&mrvyf rGrf;rHpDjc,fxm;vdkY

a&Tjrif;&xm;MuD;[m 0if;vufaew,f/ ta&mifawG wzswfzswfxGuf

aew,f/ 'Da&Tjrif;&xm;MuD;udk aMumufp&m jrif;eufMuD;av;aumifu

qGJMuw,f/

a&Tjrif;&xm;MuD;ay:rSmawmh ajratmufurÇm&JUbk&if ]yvlwdk}

jyHK;jyHK;MuD;xdkifaew,f/yvlwdk[m tifrwefxl;qef;wJh ewfbk&m;wpfyg;aygh/

tom;ta&u eufarSmifaex,f/ qHyifawG rsufvHk;awGqdkwmvnf;

rnf;eufaewmyJ/


yvlwdku odyfvnf; csrf;omMuG,f0w,fav/ Oy"d½kyfuvnf;

tifrwefUudk cefYnm;w,f/ olY ajratmufurÇmrSm tHMop&maumif;wJh

&wem tajrmuftjrm; &Sdw,f/ 'gayrJh olUrSm MuifazmfrJhaew,fav/

&mZyv’ifxufrSm oleJY twl,SOfwGJxdkifzdkY tacsmtvSbk&ifrwpfyg;vdkae

w,faygh/ urÇmajray:rSm&SdMuwJh tacsmqHk;? tvSqHk; rdef;rysdKawGtaeeJY

yvlwdkudk bmrS jiif;p&mrvdkayr,fh aea&mifrJh? yef;refrJh? ajratmuf

urÇmarSmifMuD; rnf;rnf;xJrSmawmh raecsifMubl;/ 'gaMumifh yvlwdku

olUtpfudkMuD; *sLyDwmudk Muifazmf&a&; vSrf;tultnDawmif;&awmhw,f/

*sLyDwm[m cGeftm;Av MuD;rm;w,f/ tdkvHypf awmifawmf&JU

*kPfa&mifajymifwJh bk&ifMuD;vnf; jzpfw,f/

nDawmfarmifu tultnDawmif;cHwJhtcg olu pD;&Dpf&JU orD;

uav;udk owdkYorD;tjzpf ydkYaqmifay;vkdufr,fvdkY uwday;w,f/

ckjzpf&yfawG[m 'Duwd&JU uGif;qufawGyJ/

y½dkqmyDemav;u yvlwdkudk rsufvHk;av;awG uv,f uv,feJU

ai;pdkufMunfhae&&SmjyD/ &ifwvSyfvSyf jzpfae&&SmjyD/

yvlwdkuoluav;udkajratmufurÇmueef;awmfMuD;qDac:oGm;jyD;

twlaeMur,fvdkYajymw,f/

'Dawmh y½dkqmyDemav; xdwfxdwfysmysmjzpfoGm;jyD;

]tdk rjzpfEdkifbl;? uRefrbk&ifrvJ rjzpfcsifbl;? ajratmufurÇmrSm

vJ raecsifbl;} vdkU cg;cg;oD;oD; jiif;w,f/

]'DrSm cspfESr y½kdqmyDemav;? usKyf cifAsm;av;udk ,lzkdY qkH;jzwfxm;

jyD;jyD/ *kPfa&mifajymifwJh usKyftpfukdMuD; *sLyDwmukd,fwkdif rif;uav;ukd

usKyfqDykdYay;r,fvkdY uwday;cJhwm jzpfw,f/ usKyfrSm MuifazmfrJhaeygw,f

cspfESr? usKyf&Jh ajratmufurÇm eef;awmfMuD;rSm rdef;racsm wpfa,muf

wpfavrS r&dSygbl;/ tu,fíom rif;uav;u usKyf&Jh &mZyv’ifay:rSm

usKyfeJYtwl ,SOfwGJxkdifr,fqkd&if rif;uav;[m usKyftwGuf aejcnfwef;

uav; jzpfrSm trSefyg} vkdY pdwftm;xufxufoefoef ajymjyaew,f/

yD½kdqmyDem jiif;NrJjiif;w,f/ 'gaMumifh olu rdef;rysKdtacsmtvS

uav;udk a&Tjrif;&xm;MuD;ay: ayGUwifvkdufjyD; a&Tjrif;&xm;MuD;ukd


ajratmufurÇmu olUeef;awmfMuD;ta&muf a'gowMuD; armif;xGufoGm;

awmhw,f/

ajratmufurÇma&mufwmeJY y½kdqmyDemav;udk &mZyv’ifay:wif

olUMuif,mbk&ifrtjzpf xm;vkdufawmhw,f/


yvlwkdu oluav;udk wu,fcspf&Smwmyg/ odyfvnf; Muifemyg

w,f/ bmwpfckrS csKyfcs,frxm;bl;/ eef;awmfMuD;xJrSm pdwfwkdif;usaezkdY

aysmfaysmfaezkdY cGifhjyKxm;w,f/ a&mifrsKd;pkHwJh 0wf½kHMuD;udkvnf; 0wfxm;

apw,f/ &wemawGnGwfaeatmif qifxm;w,f/ 'gayr,fh]y½kdqmyDemav;}

vkH;0 raysmfykdufbl;/ aeYpOfeJYtrQ pdwfraumif;jzpfaew,f/ 0rf;enf;

aMuuGJ aew,f/ 'DrSm raysmfbl; rdcifMuD;qD jyefykdYay;yg} vkdY tMudrfMudrf

tcgcg awmif;yefylqmw,f/ yvlwkdu cGifhrjyKbl;/

yvlwkdu cspfapwemeJY ajratmufurÇm&Jh txl;tqef; tpm;tpm

awG auR;w,f/ y½kdqmyDem vufzsm;eJYawmif rwkdYbl;/ oluav;u

ajratmufurÇmrSm b,fvkdrS &Smr&EkdifwJh ajymif;wkdY? opfoD;wkdYukd pm;csif

aewmukd;/

orD;av; ckvkd pdwfrcsrf;rom jzpfaecsdefrSm pD;&D;pf[m &yfa0;ukd

vSnfhvnf&mu jyefa&mufvmw,f/ a&mufa&mufcsif; cspfrjiD;wJh

orD;uav; aysmufjcif;rvS aysmufoGm;aMumif;? b,fol ckd;,loGm;w,f

qkdwmukdvnf; b,folrS rod&aMumif;? Mum;odvkduf&awmh &ifbwfpnfwD;

tylrD; cawmhwmaygh/

pD;&D;pf[m orD;av;r&dSawmh b,fvkdrS raysmfEkdifawmhbl;/

ajymif;yifawG opfoD;av;awGudk apmifhMuyfzkdY? jyKpkxdef;odrf;zkdY vkH;vkH;

pdwfrygawmhbl;/ aysmufoGm;wJh orD;av;udk rawGUawGUatmif &SmzkdYyJ

pdwfapmaew,f/ 'gaMumifh &SmykHawmf pzGifhawmhw,f/ &SmazGcsdeftawmfhukd

MumrS orD;av;udk yvlwkd ckd;,loGm;aMumif; od&awmhw,f/

cspforD;av;ukd xm0& pGefYvTwfvkduf&jyD? b,fvkdrS jyefrawGUEkdif

awmhbl;qkdwJh todaMumifh ykdrkdaMuuGJ&w,f/ ykdrkdqkdYeifh&w,f/ awmfawmfeJYukd

aqmufwnf&m r&EkdifcJhbl;/ aemufqkH;awmh pD;&D;pfu tkdvHypfawmifawmf

u ]]r[m*sLyDwm}} qD tjrefoGm;w,f/ orD;av; y½kdqmyDemudktjrefjyefykdY

ay;zkdY yvlwkdudk ajymay;ygvkdY oem;pzG,fawmif;yefw,f/ *sLyDwm taeeJYu


vnf; owkdYorD;tjzpf olUnDqD ykdYjyD;jzpfaeavawmh tcktcsdefrSm olUnD

qE´eJY rqefYusifvdkawmhbl;/ 'gaMumifh pdwfrcsrf;romjzpfae&SmwJh rdcif

wpfOD;udk tultnDay;zdkY rjiif;y,fcsifygbJ jiif;y,fvdkuf&w,f/

pD;&D;pftwGufarQmfvifhcsufukefoGm;NyD/ vufavQmht½IH;ay;vdkuf&NyD?

orD;av;udk vGrf;wvGef;wJhpdwfeJY widkidk w&,f&,f jzpfae&NyD/ olvkyf&r,fh

tvkyftm;vkH;ukdvnf;ypfxm;vdkufNyD/ 'Dawmh oD;ESHyifawGrjzpfxGef;awmhbl;/

pm;a&&du©m &Sm;yg;vmw,f/ rMumcifrSm tiwfab; qkdufvmw,f/

qmavmifrGwfodwfaeMuolawG[m pdwfvufrcsrf;rom jzpfae&SmwJh pD;&D;pf

qDoGm;MuNyD; oD;ESHawG xyfrHzGHUNzdK;atmif ulnDygOD;vdkY awmif;yefMuw,f/

]ighrSm bmrS vkyfcsifpdwff r&Sdawmhbl;? ighorD;av;udk jyefr&oa&GU

ig tjyifrxGufbl;? oD;ESHyifawGudkvnf; rapmifhMuyfawmhbl;}

'Dtaetxm;ukd *sLyDwm odoGm;w,f? 'gaMumifh vlom;rsKd;EG,f

wm&Snftiwfab; rqkduf&avatmif BuH&awmhw,f/

*sLyDwmu ewfzk&m;rsm;&JU ajcjrefawmf rmusL&Dukd ajratmufurÇm

vTwfNyD; y½dkqmyDemukd olYrdcifxH jyefvTwfvdkufzkdY yvlwdkukd trdefUay;

vdkufw,f/ y½dkqmyDem owdjyKp&mwpfckudkyg rSmvdkufw,f/ bmvJqkdawmh

ewfrnf;BuD; yvlwdkeJYtwlaepOfrSm b,ftpm;tpmudkrS vufeJYrxdzdkYyJ/

ajcjrefawmf a&mufrvmciftxd yvlwdku y½dkqmyDemukd cgwkdif;

xuf ykdBudK;pm; auR;arG;jyKpkw,f/ wu,fvdkY y½dkqmyDemuom pm;vdkuf

r,fqkd&if y½dkqmyDemukd oleJUb,fvkdrS cGJrjzpfawmhbl;qdkwm yvlwdk

odw,fav/ bmaMumifhvJqdkawmh ajratmufurÇmu tpm;tpmudkpm;rdwJh

ouf&Sdowå0gwdkif; ajratmufurÇmrSmyJ xm0&aeoGm;&rSmukd;/ ajratmuf

urÇmu tpm;tpmukd pm;rdwJh ouf&Sdowå0gukd omrefyk*¾dKvf rqdkxm;eJY?

cGeftm;t&m? wefcdk;t&mrSm olwumxufBuD;rm;wJh *sLyDwmaomfrS

jyefac:vdkY r&awmhbl;/

y½dkqmyDemav; uHaumif;wmwpfcku opfoD;wpfrsKd;rsKd;ukdyJ ol

pm;csifaew,f? wjcm;bmukdrS pm;csifpdwfr&Sdbl;/ 'Dawmh olu ]opfoD;om

qkd&if uRefr 0rf;omtm;& pm;rdrSmyJ} vkdY yvlwkdukd ajymcJhzl;w,f/

'Dpum;ukdOmPfeDOmPfeufrsm;vGef;wJh yvlwdk trSwf&NyD; opfoD;tcsKdU

&SmazG,lvmzdkY ajcjrefawmfwpfOD;ukd ajrurÇmvTwfvdkufw,f/


cufwmu pD;&D;pf b,fukdrSrxGuf? bmrSrvkyfawmh bmtoD;rS

r&Sdbl;aygh? cufcufcJcJ&SmazGawmhrS t&nfcef;vkvkjzpfaewJh ovJoD;ajcmuf

uav; wpfvkH;yJawGUw,f/

'DovJoD;ajcmufuav;ukdyJ y½dkqmyDemav;u 0rf;omtm;&

tmomirf;irf;vSrf;,lNyD; ovJaph av;aphukd pm;vkdufw,f/

'DtcsdefrSmyJ rmusL&Da&mufvmvdkY olYukd rdcifewfzk&m;r pD;&D;pfqD

jyefykdYawmhr,ftaMumif; odvdkuf&w,f/

y½dkqmyDemav;[m ovJaphav;aphudk pm;vdkufNyDqdkwm yvlwdk

odw,f/ 'gaMumifh pm;vdkufwJh ovJaphwpfaphtwGuf y½dkqmyDem[m

ajratmufurÇmrSm wpfvae&r,fvdkY olu aMujimvkdufw,f/ 'gaMumifh

pm;rdvdkufwJh ovJaph av;aphtwGuf y½dkqmyDem[m ajratmufurÇmrSm

av;vae&&Smw,f/

wpfESpf&JU aejcnfjzmwJh &SpfvrSm y½dkqmyDemav; ajrurÇmrSm

aysmfaysmf&Tif&Tif ae&w,f/ usefav;vrSmawmh ajratmufurÇm&JU bk&ifrBuD;

tjzpf yvlwdkeJYtwlae&w,fav/

n


arwåm&Sif bk&ifBuD;arwåm&Sif bk&ifBuD;arwåm&Sif bk&ifBuD;arwåm&Sif bk&ifBuD;arwåm&Sif bk&ifBuD;

[kd; a&S;a&S;tcgu ]pDtdkif} trnf&SdwJh tifrwefrS BuD;jrwfvSwJh bk&if

wpfyg;&SdcJhw,f/ ol[m bmomw&m;rSm tvGeftrif; ukdif;½dIif;w,f/

ouf0if,kHMunfw,f/ ay;urf;pGefYBuJ&mrSm &ufa&mw,f/ ,kHMunfukd;pm;

xkdufw,f/ owå0gtm;vkH;ukd Muifemoem;wwfw,f/ 'Dt&nftaoG;?

'D*kPfyk'fawGaMumifhyJ]BuD;jrwfvSwhJ bk&if}tjzpf owfrSwfcH&jcif;jzpfw,f/

ol ykdifqdkifxm;wJh *kPfyk'fawG[m tHhzG,fo&JrdkY &yfeD;&yfa0;u wd&pämef

awGuawmif 'Dbk&ifBuD;&JU arwåm&dyf cdkvIHEkdifzkdYtcGifhta&;ukd apmihfvifhae

Muw,f/

wpfaeYawmh t&Sif tifj'm[m bk&ifBuD;ukd prf;oyfvdkvSwJhtwGuf

olUukd,fol aMumufp&maumif;whJ odrf;iSufBuD;toGif zefqif;vdkufw,f/

wjcm; ewfzk&m;wpfyg;jzpfwJh ]zmrm} ukd cdkwpfaumiftoGif zefqif;cdkif;NyD;

a&SUu ysHcdkif;w,f/ NyD;rS olu aemufu vkdufzrf;w,f/


cdkuav;[m bk&ifBuD; pDtkdifqD ta&mufysHoef;NyD; olYukd tum

tuG,f ay;EdkifwJh bk&ifBuD; vufarmif;xufrSm em;vdkufw,f/

wpfNydKifwnf;vdkvdkyJ odrf;iSufBuD;uvnf; bk&ifBuD;tem;xkd;qif;

vdkufNyD;

]bk&ifBuD;? oifhvufarmif;xufrSm em;aewJh ckd[m uREkfyf&JUtpmjzpf

w,f? uREkfyfuvnf; avmavmq,frSm odyfudk qmavmifaew,f/ tpm

rpm;&&if aorSmtrSefyJ? uREkfyfaowmeJYywfoufNyD; bk&ifBuD; ya,m*ruif;

jzpfaeyghr,f? 'gaMumifh cdkukday;ygvdkY uREkfyf awmif;yefvdkw,f} vdkY

awmif;qdkvmw,f/

'Dawmh bk&ifBuD;u

]'Dowå0gav;[m usKyf&JUtumtuG,f&zdkY usKyfqD vmcJhygw,f?


usKyf olYukdawmhray;Edkifbl;? 'gayr,fh oifhtoufukdvJ usKyf u,fq,f

vdkygw,f? 'gaMumifhrdkY cdkeYJ tav;csdefcsif;wlrQwJh b,fvdktom;rsKd;ukdrqdk

oifa&G;cs,fyg? uREkfyf oifhqEjynfhatmif jznfhpGrf;ay;yghr,f}vdkY ajymjyw,f/

'Dtcg odrf;iSufBuD;u

]aMomf 'Dvdkvm;? aumif;NyDav? uREkfyf bk&ifBuD;&JU tom;ukdyJ

a&G;r,f} vdkY rqdkif;rwG ajzvdkufw,f/

bk&ifBuD; vkH;0 rwkefvIyfbl;? £aNE´rysufbl;? csdefcGifwpfckudk

,lvmapw,f/ csdefcGifa&mufvmwmeJYwpfzufrSm cdkuav;ukdxnfhw,f/

usefwpfzufxJukdawmh olYcE¨mukd,fu tom;pkdifawG vSD;jzwfxnfhw,f/

'gayr,fh tom;pkdifawG xyf xyf xnfhav ckdu ydkBuD;rm;vmNyD; av;yifvm

avyJ? 'geJY aemufqkH;rSmawmh bk&ifBuD;ukd,fwdkif csdefcGifcGufxJ 0if&yf

aevdkufw,f/

'DtcsdefrSmyJ aumif;uifbkHxJu ewfzk&m;&JU toHawmfukd Mum;

vdkuf&w,f/

]om"k om"k om"k? tckrSyJ tav;csdefcsif; wu,fhudk nDrQoGm;ay

awmhw,f}

om"kac:oH qkH;wmeJYwpfNydKifeuf t&Siftifj'meJY zmrmwkdY[m

odrf;iSufeJYcdktoGifawG azsmufvdkufNyD; rlvtoGifawG jyef,lvdkufMuw,f/

NyD;awmh bk&ifBuD;&JU a&SUarSmufrSm NyHK;NyHK;&Tif&Tif tm;&auseyfpGm &yf vdkuf

Muw,f/ olwkdYuyJ bk&ifBuD; cE¨mudk,fay:u 'Pf&m'PfcsufawGudk

ukpm;ay;Muw,f/ 'Pf&m'PfcsufawG aysmufoGm;wJhtcg bk&ifBuD;ukd

aumif;csD;ay;NyD; uG,faysmufoGm;Muawmhw,f/

n


atmfzD;,yfpf atmfzD;,yfpf atmfzD;,yfpf atmfzD;,yfpf atmfzD;,yfpf

[kd a&S;a&S;wkef;u *&dEkdifiHrSm tifrwef emrnfBuD;vSwJh *Dworm;uav;wpfOD;&SdowJh/ olYtrnfu atmfzD;,yfpf wJh/ ol oDqdkwD;cwfvdkufwJh*DwoH[m opfyifawG? ausmufaqmif ausmufwkH;awGukdawmif qGJaqmifEkdifowJh/ vrf;avQmuf&if; apmif;ukd wD;cwfoGm;whJtcg opfyifawG?ausmufaqmifausmufwkH;awGu OD;nTwfMuw,f/ om;&Jwd&pämefawGuvnf; olYaemufrSm waumufaumufvdkufaeMuw,f/ 'gwifrubl;?aumufuspfpOf;vJolawmif olY*DwoH Mum;vdkuf&wJhtcg raumif;pdwfawGyaysmufNyD; cPwm edAÁmefbkHa&mufaeMuw,fvdkY cHpm;Mu&owJh/

tJ'D *Dworm;uav; atmfzD;,yfpfrSm i,f&G,fvSywJh ZeD;onfuav; ],l½dkif;'pfpf} &Sdw,f/ atmfzD;,yfpf[m *DwukdcspfwmrSefw,f/'gayrJY ZeD;onfuav; ,l½dkif;'pfpfukd ydkcspfowhJ/ olYrSm 'DcspfZeD;uav;uvGJNyD; wjcm; taygif;tazmfr&Sdbl;/ ol[m cspfZeD;uav;&JUab;rSmxkdifNyD;apmif;ukd tonf;cdkufatmif wD;jyaeavh&Sdw,f/ 'DtcgrsKd;rSm ,l½dkif;'pfpfuav;uvnf; rvIyfr,Suf NidrfNidrfuav; em;axmifaewwfw,f/ *Dwa&,mOfaMumrSm epfarsmNyD; t&m&mukd arhaewwfw,f/

wpfaeY ,l½dkif;'pfpf[m taygif;tazmfawGeJY yef;cl;xGufoGm;w,f/csKHay:u yef;wpfyGifhukd vSrf;cl;r,ftvkyf csKHxJu a>rwpfaumifxGufvmNyD;,l½dkif;'pfpf&JU ajcaxmufukd ukdufvdkufw,f/ ,l½dkif;'pfpfuav; tJ'Dae&mrSmcsufcsif;yJ aoqkH;oGm;&Smw,f/

twl&SdaewJhtaygif;tazmfawG ajcrudkifrd vufrukdifrd jzpfoGm;Mu&w,f/ 0rf;enf;aMuuGJpGmeJY idka<u;Muw,f/ aemufqkH;rSm ,l½dkif;'pfpf&JUtavmif;ukd atmfzD;,yfpftdrfta&muf o,f,lcJhMuw,f/ cspfZeD;uav;&JUtjzpfqkd;ukd atmfzD;,yfpf b,fvdkrS arhaysmufvdkY r&bl;/ b,fvkdrSvnf;rajzodrfhEdkifcJhbl;/ ½l;rwwfcHpm;&&Smw,f/ wpfcgwpf&H pdwfajyvdkajyjim; oabmeJY apmif;ukd aumufwD;Munfhrdw,f/ 'gayrJh apmif;oHuolYem;rSm rcsdKjrawmhovdk jzpfaew,f/ apmif;oHukdMum;&wJh iSufawG?om;&Jwd&pämefawGrSmawmh atmfzD;,yfpftwGuf aMuuGJ0rf;enf;vmMuNyD;

idka<u;Muawmhrvdk jzpfaeMuwmaygh/


atmfzD;,yfpf[m cspfZeD;uav;twGuf tNrJwrf; idknnf;wrf;w

ae&Smw,f/ vGrf;pdwfeJY wpfaeYwpfjcm; aoG;om;awG qkwf,kwfvmw,f/

ydefcsKH;vmw,f/ aemufqkH;awmh ol[m aorif;EdkifiHta&mufoGm;NyD;

,l½dkif;'pfpfukd &SmazGzkdY qkH;jzwfvkdufw,f/ aorif;EdkifiHoGm;&mvrf;rSm

r&PjrpfBuD;u umqD;aejyefw,f/

'DjrpfrSm ]csm&Gef} u ul;wkdYorm;? yxrawmh olu atmfzD;,yfpfudk

jrpfwpfzufurf;ykdYay;zkdY tjyif;txefjiif;w,f/ 'DtcgrSm atmfzD;,yfpf

uapmif;ukd vGrf;vGrf;aqG;aqG; wD;cwfvkdufw,f/ apmif;oHMum;vdkufwmeJY

ul;wkdYorm;&JUcufxefrmausmvSwJhESvkH;om;[m t&nfaysmfoGm;awmhw,f/

atmfzD;,yfpfukd rykdYay;bJ raeEdkifawmhbl;aygh/

wpfzufurf;a&mufjyefawmhvnf;tcuftcJ?twm;tqD;u rukef

ao;bl;/ aorif;EdkifiHt0ifrSm tifrweftEå&m,fBuD;vSwJh acgif;okH;vkH;eJY

acG;BuD;ukd ol &ifqkdif&w,f/ ajrapmfeHwJhvlom;ukd jrifvkduf&ifyJ acG;BuD;[m

a'goxGufNyD; ckeftkyfzdkYBudK;pm;awmhw,f/ 'gayrJh atmfzD;,yfpf[m apmif;ukd

wD;cwfjyvdkufw,f/ 'DtcgrSm aMumufp&mtvGefaumif;vSwJh acG;BuD;[m

atmfzD;,yfpf ajc&if;rSm 0yfpif;oGm;awmhw,f/ aemufNyD; acG;BuD;u

atmfzD;,yfpf&JU vufawGukd vQmeJYvsufNyD; cspfcif[efjyw,f/

aemufqkH;rSm atmfzD;,yfpf[m aorif;EdkifiH bk&ifBuD; yvlwkd&JU

eef;awmfxJ0ifEdkifcJhw,f/ eef;awmfxJa&mufwJhtcg ovGefay:rSmxkdifaeMuwJh

bk&ifBuD; yvlwdkeYJ bk&ifrBuD; y½dkqmykdif;udk awGUjrif&w,f/ olYukdjrifawmh

bk&ifBuD;eJY bk&ifrBuD;wkdY[m odyftHhtm;oifhNyD; pum;awmif rajymEdkif

Muawmhbl;/ 'gayrJh atmfzD;,yfpfuawmh csdKjrwJh*DweJY aMuuGJp&m

ZmwfaMumif;udk jyefajymjyvdkufw,f/ 'DtcgrSm bk&ifBuD;eJY bk&ifrBuD;

wdkYvnf; 0rf;enf;vmNyD; ½dIufBuD;wiif ikda<u;Muw,f/ atmfzD;,yfpftay:

oem;pdwf 0ifvmMuw,f/ 'gaMumifh atmfzD;,yfpfawmif;whJqk jynfhap

&r,f/ ,l½dkif;'pfpfukd vlYjynf jyefac:cGifhjyKr,fvdkY uwday;Muw,f/

'gayrJhaorif;EdkifiH tjyifbuf ra&mufrcsif; aemufjyefvSnfhrMunhfzkdYawmh

txl;owday;vdkufw,f/

atmfzD;,yfpf odyfaysmfoGm;&NyDaygh/ ol[m &Tif&Tifysys MunfMunf

El;El;eJY aorif;EdkifiH bk&ifBuD;xHyg;rS pwif xGufcGmvmcJhw,f/ ,l½dkif;


'pfpfuav;vnf; wdwfwdwfqdwfqdwfuav; aemufu vkdufcJhw,faygh/

atmfzD;,yfpf[m rnf;arSmifNyD; aumufauGYwhJvrf;Mum;awGukd jzwfausmf

vmcJhw,f/ aemufqkH; aorif;EdkifiH&JU txGufwHcg;BuD;em;a&mufvmcJhw,f/

'Dtcg olu ,l½dkif;'pfpfuav; ygvm rvm odcsifaZmeJY vSnfhMunfhvdkuf

rdw,f/ csufcsif;yJ ,l½dkif;'pfpfuav; uG,faysmufoGm;yga&m/

ol[m aorif;EdkifiH bk&ifBuD;qDjyefoGm;zkdY BudK;pm;w,f/ 'gayrJh

ratmifjrifawmhbl;/ 'DvdkeJY r&Pjrpfurf;rSm ckepf&ufvkH;vkH;ukefqkH;cJh&w,f/

tpmvnf; rpm;bl;? tdyfvnf; rtdyfbl;/ &Spf&ufajrmufaeYusrS

ol[m pdwfESvkH; n§dK;csKH;pGmeJY vSnfhjyefcJhw,f/

wu,fawmh ,l½dkif;'pfpf r&SdwhJ urÇmrSm olYtwGuf aysmfp&m

wpfuGufrS r&Sdbl;/ 'gaMumifh tifrwefjrifhrm;wJh awmifxdyfay:wufNyD;

iSufuav;awG? opfyifuav;awG? om;&Jwd&pämefawGeJYyJ aevdkufawmh

w,f/ iSufuav;awGuvnf; om,mcsdKjrwJh apmif;oHukd em;axmif&vdkY

aus;Zl;wkHYjyefwJhtaeeY atmfzD;,yfpfukd ESpfodrfhMuw,f/

wpfaeY atmfzD;,yfpf[m t½l;rwpfokdufeJY &ifqdkifwkd;w,f/ t½l;r

awGu oDcsif;wpfyk'fwD;jyzkdY olYukd ½dkif;½dkif;ysys cdkif;Muw,f/ 'gaMumifh

olurwD;jybl;/ 'Dawmh t½l;rawGu a'goxGufvmNyD; olYukd ausmufcJ

awGeJY aygufMuw,f/ atmfzD;,yfpfcrsm tJ'Dae&mrSmyJ aoyGJ0ifoGm;&&Sm

w,f/ t½l;rawGu atmfzD;,yfpftavmif;udk acsmif;i,f wpfckxJ ypfcs

vkdufMuw,f/ atmfzD;,yfpf raocif aemufqkH;a&&GwfoGm;wmuawmh

],l½dkif;'pfpf ,l½dkif;'pfpf} qkdwJH trnfuav;yJ jzpfw,fav/ atmfzD;,yfpf

aoqkH;oGm;wJhtcg iSufawG? opfyifawG? om;&Jwd&pämefawG ausmufwkH;

ausmufaqmifawGu idka<u;Muw,f/ olwdkYcspfwJh atmfzD;,yfpfukd qkH;½IH;

vdkuf&vdkY tm;vkH;u 0rf;enf;rqkH;,lBuHK;r&jzpfaeMu&NyDaygh/

a[m tckawmhvnf; ul;wkdYorm; csm&Gef[m atmfzD;,yfpfukd

r&Pjrpfwpfzufurf;ta&muf 0rf;yef;wom ydkYay;vdkufNyDav/ aorif;

EkdifiHrSm ,l½dkif;'pfpfukd atmfzD;,yfpf jyefawGU&NyD/ terf;rkd;awG &GmrqkH;NyD/

b,fawmhrS cGJ&awmhrSm r[kwfbl;qkdwJh tawG;eJU cspfolESpfOD; MunfEl;rqkH;

0rf;omrqkH;aygh/

n


puúLvkyfoluav;puúLvkyfoluav;puúLvkyfoluav;puúLvkyfoluav;puúLvkyfoluav;

[kd a&S;a&S;wkef;u w½kwfjynfrSm ],dkqif;} qkdwJh rdef;rysKduav;wpfa,muf

&SdcJhw,f/ odMuwJhtwkdif;yJ w½kwfvlrsKd;awG[m vSywJh ydk;xnfawGudk

&ufvkyfEdkifMuw,f/ txnfrsm;ukd tifrwefcdkifcefYwJh aq;a&mifqkd;Edkif

Muw,f/ 'ghtjyif odyfEkwJh ajrcGuf? ajryef;uefvSvSav;awGudkvJ

vkyfwwfMuw,f/ puúKvkyfwJhtwwfeJY puúLay:rSm yef;csDa&;wJhynm&yfawG

ukdawmhw½kwfvlrsKd;awGu txl;vQdKU0Sufxm;Muw,fav/

,dkqif;&JUzcif[m txufwef;vTmwpfOD;jzpfw,f/ 'gaMumifh

{nfhrsm;w,f/ ,dkqif;uav;u vmorQ {nfhonfrsm;udk O,smOfxJu

{nfhcef;aqmifrSm {nfh0wfjyK&w,f/ {nfhcH&w,f/

O,smOfab;em;rSm tifrwefMunfvifwJh prf;acsmif;uav;&Sdw,f/

prf;a&pD;oHu csdKjraew,f/ prf;acsmif;uav; 0J,mrSmawmh opfyifBuD;i,f

awGu tkyftkyfqkdif;qkdif; aygufvdkYaygh/ wu,fhukdom,mNyD; cspfp&maumif;

wJh ae&myJaygh/


,dkqif;[m {nfhcef;aqmifxJrSm {nfhcHae&ayr,fh olY pdwfuawmh

odyfpnfum;wJh aps;vrf;rBuD;qD a&mufaew,f/ aps;vrf;rBuD;wpfavQmuf

u qkdifawG? tJ'DqkdifawGaemufu tarSmifcef;uav;awGxJrSmaexkdifNyD;

tvkyfvkyfMu&wJhvlawGukd jrifa,mif aerdw,f/ olY tjriftm½kHxJrSm

vlawG[kdrS onfrS O'[kdoGm;vmvIyf&Sm;aeMuw,f/ olYwdkY 0wfxm;wmu

a&mifpkH ykd;om;tusÐawG r[kwfbl;/ Murf;wrf;wJh tjyma&mifcsnftusÐ

awGom jzpfw,f/ vSnf;wGef;aeMuwJh ulvDawGukdvnf; oljrifae&w,f/

aps;onfawGuawmh wpmpmatmf[pfNyD; olwkdY&JU ukefypönf;ukd a&mif;cs

aeMuw,f/

olYtjriftm½kH[m ½kwfw&uf ol aexkdif&m0ef;usifqD a&mufvm

jyefw,f/ tif; 'Dae&muawmh vkH;0 wdwfwdwfqdwfqdwf? NidrfNidrfoufouf

ygvm;/ at;jrwhJ t&dyftm0goawGeJY jynfhaewJhae&myJ/

tjriftm½kH[m olaexdkifae&meJY aps;vrf;rBuD;Mum; vGef;ysHul;cwf

aew,f/ aps;vrf;rBuD;u qkdifav;wpfqkdifaemufrSm puúLqkdif;bkwf

uav;wpfck uyfxm;w,f/ tJ'Dqdkif;bkwfuav;atmufrSmawmh ol

cspfwJhvlwpfa,muf xkdifaew,f/ ol[m vufrIynm&Sifwpfa,muf/

puúLvkyfa&mif;wJhvl/ puúLvkyfa&mif;wJhvlawGu puúLcsyfBuD;awGukd

olYtazqD ,lvmNyD; jyMuwkef;u 'DvlygchJw,f/ tJ'DaeYu olYukd

yxrqkH;jrifzl;wmyJaygh/

puúLa&mif;wJh 'Dvlu ,dkqif;uav;udkvufxyfcsifw,f/ ,kdqif;

zcifBuD;u vkH;vkH;oabmrwlbl;/ pdwfqkd;rmefqdk;eJY ]bmvJ? cefYcefYnm;nm;

xnfxnf0g0g pHtdrfBuD;xJuxGufNyD; aps;vrf;rSm oGm;aecsifvdkYvm;?

taumif;pm;ydk;tusÐawGukd pGefYNyD; csnfMurf;xnf 0wfcsifw,f xifw,f/

rif;[m txufwef;vTmu orD;wpfa,muf? b,fhES,fvkyfNyD; puúLvkyf

a&mif;wJhvludk vufxyfcsif&wmvJ? tHhyguGm} vdkY qlw,f/ Budrf;w,f/

]puúLvkyfa&mif;olawG[m txufwef;vTmawGxufvufrIynmrSm

ykdawmfygw,f taz&,f? uRefr[m tpdrf;a&mifcsnfMurf;xnfukd jrwfjrwf

Ekd;Edk; 0wfEdkifygw,f? qlnHaewJh aps;vrf;rBuD;u qkdifcef;arSmifarSmif

rnf;rnf; usOf;usOf;usyfusyf uav;xJrSmaezkdYvnf; 0efrav;ygbl;/


acsmrGwfwJh puúLyg;yg;uav;ay:rSm Ek&GwJh aq;a&mifpkHjc,faewJh olYukd

ulnDae&&if uRefr aysmfrSmyg taz} vdkY at;at;oufom ajymjyayr,fh

zcifBuD;u pdwfqkd;rajybl;/ a'goxGufwkef;yJ/ 'gaMumifh ol[m wuf

wpfcsufacgufvdkufNyD; ][if; puúL? puúL tifrwef pdwf'ku©ay;wJh puúL?

eifhvl[m tJ'DpuúLtwwfrSm 'Davmufawmif uRrf;usifaew,fqdk&if

puúLeJYrD;ukd zrf;cdkif;r,f/ puúLeJYavukd zrf;cdkif;r,f? igcdkif;wmawG vkyfEdkif

&if olYukd rif; vufxyfawmh} vdkY cyfjywfjywfajymvkdufw,f/

rjzpfEdkifwmawG vkyfcdkif;awmh ,dkqif;uav; ½dIufBuD;wiif idkcs

vkdufawmhwmaygh/ 'gayr,f wpfaeYrSm cspfolukd zcifBuD;vkyfcdkif;wmawG

jyefajymjyw,f/ 'Dawmh ,dkqif;uav;&JU cspfolu

]puúLeJY avudkzrf;&r,f [kwfvm;? tif; 'guawmh odyfcufr,fhykH

ray:bl;? 'gayrJh puúLeJY rD;ukdzrf;zkdYusawmh rD;u puúLudk avmifoGm;rSmyJ?

tkd bmyJjzpfjzpf BudK;pm;MunfhMuao;wmaygh} vkdY pOf;pOf;pm;pm; ajymw,f/

wpfp wpfpeJY &ufawGtrsm;BuD; ukefvmcJhNyD/ 'gaMumifh ,dkqif;[m

olYcspfol puúLvkyfa&mif;olukd arharhaysmufaysmuf jzpfoGm;avmufNyDvdkY

zcifBuD;u ,lqxm;vdkufw,f/


'DvdkumvrsKd;a&mufcgrS wpfnaerSm{nfhcHyGJusif;yzkdY ,dkqif;uav;

pDpOfw,f/ zcifBuD;udkvnf; {nfhcHyGJwufzkdY BudKzdwfxm;w,f/ {nfhcHyGJ

usif;yr,fh O,smOfxJrSm prf;acsmif;uav;wpfck&Sdw,ff r[kwfvm;/

prf;acsmif;0J,mrSmvnf; opfyiftrsKd;rsKd;aygufaeMuw,fav/ tJ'Dopfyif

awGrSm ,dkqif;u a&mifpkHrD;ykHuav;awGukd csdwfqGJvkdufw,f/ rD;ykH;uav;

awGxJrSmawmh rD;cGufuav;awG xnfhxGef;xm;wmaygh/ {nfhcHyGJusif;ywhJ

ncsrf;csdefa&mufvmwJhtcg opf&Gufopfukdif;awGMum;u puúLrD;ykH;uav;

awGu wvufvuf 0if;yvmwmaygh/ a&mifpkHrD;ykH;uav;awGu xGufvm

whJ rD;a&mifpkHuav;awGuvnf; prf;acsmif;uav;awGxJrSm vSvSyy

a&mifjyef[yfaew,f/ {nfhcHyGJwufa&mufvmwJh zcifBuD;u 'Dvdkcspfp&m

aumif;wJh rD;ykH;uav;awGukd jrifvdkuf&wJhtcg tifrwef MunfMunf

El;El;jzpfoGm;NyD; ]b,folYvuf&mrsm;vJorD;&JU}} vdkY NyHK;NyHK;&Tif&Tif ar;w,f/


'Dawmh ,dkqif;uav;&JU puúLorm;u cspfolYzcifBuD;a&SUarSmufta&muf

cyf&GHU&GUHvSrf;vmNyD;

]puúLeJYrD;ukdzrf;xm;vdkufygNyDcifAsm} vdkY ½dk½dkaaoaoajymvdkufw,f

'Dawmh zcifBuD;u puúLorm;av;ukdwpfvSnfh? orD;ukdwpfvSnfh tHhtm;

oifhykHrsKd;eJY Munfhw,f/ 'Dwpfcg ,kdqif;vufxJrS wkwfacsmif;uav;ukd

jrifvdkufjyefw,f/ zcifBuD;u odvdkaZmeJY ]orD;vufxJu bmawGrsm;vJ}vdkY

ar;jyefw,f/ 'Dawmh ,kdqif;u acgufNyD;ukdifxm;wJh ,yfawmifuav;udk

jzefYvkdufw,f/ aiGa&mifpuúLeJYvkyfxm;wJh ,yfawmifuav;aygh/ aiGa&mif

puúLay:rSmvnf; vdyfjymykHvSvSuav;awG a&;jc,fxm;ao;w,fav/

,dkqif;u ,yfawmifukd jzefYjyNyD; jznf;jznf;av; cwfvkdufw,f/

tJ'Dvdk cwfae&if; ]taz? puúLeJY avudkzrf;xm;NyDaemf}vdkY ajymvkdufw,f/

zatBuD; rsufESmwpfcsufysufoGm;w,f/ a'gojzpfvmykH&w,f/

'gayrJh

Mu,fa&mifawGatmufrSm a&mifpkH puúLrD;ykH;uav;awGu cspfp&m

vif;vufaeMuw,f r[kwfvm;/ NyD;awmh aiGa&mifeJY tjyma&mifjc,fxm;wJh

,yfawmifuav;ukd cwfaewJh orD; ,kdqif;uav;uvnf; odyfukd

cspfp&maumif;aew,f r[kwfvm;/ 'Dawmh a'gopdwfawG Muufaysmuf

iSufaysmuf aysmufoGm;NyD; ½kwfw&uf oabmus ESpfNcdKufvGef;pGm &,fcs

vkdufw,fav/

rMumcif ,dkqif;uav;[m puúLvkyfa&mif;oleJY vufxyfvkduf

w,f/ tJ'DtcsdefupNyD; w½kwfvlrsKd;awG[m ,yfawmifvSvSuav;awGukd

tNrJokH;vmMuawmhwmyJ/ aemufydkif; {nfhcHyGJwkdif;rSm puúLrD;ykH;uav;awG

xGef;n§dvmMuawmhwmyJwJh/

n


pmuav;awGpmuav;awGpmuav;awGpmuav;awGpmuav;awG

AD,uferfEdkifiHrSm iSufrsKd;aygif;rsm;pGm&Sdw,f/ a&mifrsKd;pkHNyD; tarG;tawmif

awGu awmufy0if;vufaewJh iSufawG? omom,m,maw;oDwwfwJh

iSufawG tkd trsm;BuD;ygyJ/ pmuav;awGvnf; odyfaygw,f/ pmi,f

uav;awGrSm ndKrGJrGJta&mif&dSw,f/ vnfyif;u trnf;/ olwdkY&Jh wusDusD

atmfoH[m em;jiD;zkdY tifrwefaumif;w,f/

'gayrhJ [kd a&S;a&S;wkef;uawmh pmuav;awG&JhtoH[m ckvkd

toHrsKd; r[kwfbl;wJh/ pmuav;awG tygt0if iSuftm;vkH;&Jh toH[m

om,mowJh/ ta&mifawGu uGJjym;ayr,fh awmufy0if;vufMuwmcsnf;

yJwJh/ pmuav;awG vnfyif;uvnf; ckvkd trnf; r[kwfbl;wJh/

wu,fawmh ouf&dSowå0gawG tm;vkH;vkdyJ iSufawGudkvnf; &nf&G,fcsuf

wpfckeJY urÇmajray: ykdYaqmifay;vkdufwmjzpfw,f/ iSufawG[m

oD;ESHawGukd zsufqD;r,fh ykd;rTm;eJY vlawG wd&pämefawGudk a&m*gjzpfapr,fh

ykd;rTm;rsm;udk pm;ypfzkdYyJ/ 'grSvnf; v,form;awG pkdufysKd;xm;wJh

aumufyJoD;ESHawG &Sifoefatmifjrifr,f/ txGufaumif;r,f/ vlwkdif;tzkdY

wpfESpfpm zlvkHr,f/ tzsm;temenf;yg;MuvkdY vlawG aysmfMu &TifMur,f/

bmyJjzpfjzpf ewfzk&m;uvnf; vlwkdif;twGuf tpma&pm zlvkHatmif

ay;urf;NrJyg/


tdyfwef;rwufcifrSm iSufawG aw;oDMuw,f/ wpfaeYwm

vkyfaqmifcJhwmawG?tawGUtMuHKawG ajymjyMuw,f/ ]iSufaumifpD} vnf;

&dScJhw,f/ 'DaumifpDrSm iSufrsKd;EG,fpkwpfcku wpfaumifuspD yg0if&w,f/

aumifpDOuú|tjzpf ynmt&dSqkH; ZD;uGuftkdMuD;udk cefYtyfxm;Muw,f/

wu,fawmh iSufavmurSm jyóemwkdY twd'ku©wdkYqkdwm r&dS

oavmufyJ/ 'gaMumifh b,fiSufukdjzifh tjypfay;&w,f/ b,fvkd

tqkH;tjzwfMuD;awG vkyf&w,fqkdwm r&dScJhbl;/

'gayrJh wpfnaecif; iSufawGpkHMuvkdY twif;a&m? tzsif;a&m?

owif;a&m zvS,faeMuckduf ynm&dSZD;uGuftkdBuD;u wdwfMuvdkYtus,fBuD;

atmfajymvdkufw,f/ csufcsif;yJ tm;vHk; NidrfusoGm;w,f/

'DawmhrS ZD;uGuftdkBuD;u

]iSuftaygif;wkdY? oifwkdYudk uREkfyf pdwfraumif;p&m owif;wpfck

ajymp&m&Sdaew,f? uaeY uREkfyf pyg;usDwpfckem;u opfyifwpfyifrSm

0ifem;cJhw,f? bmaMumifhvnf;qdkawmh tJ'D pyg;usDem;rSm vltkyfBuD;udk

jrifvdkufvdkYyJ? vltkyfBuD;[m wpfa,mufwpfayguf tvkt,ufajymae

Muawmh bmawGajymrSef; rodbl;? 'geJY pum;&yfajymaewJhvlESpfa,mufem;u

opfyifqD ul;cJhNyD; *½kpkdufem;axmifw,f? 'DvlESpfa,muf ajymwmawG

tm;vkH;ukd a&a&&m&m em;rvnfayr,fh 'DvltkyfBuD;bmaMumifh 'Davmufxd

vIyfvIyf½Sm;½Sm; jzpfaew,fqdkwmukdawmh uREkfyf twdtus odvdkuf&w,f}

iSufawGem;axmif&if;wkd;wkd;wkd;wdk; vkyfvmMuw,fiSufwpfaumif

[m olYem;uiSufukd ]usDopfaqmufMurSmyg? avmif;&Jw,f}vdkYajymae w,f/

wjcm; iSufwpfaumifuawmh ]usDxJu pyg;awG zsufqD;cH&wmvnf;

jzpfEdkifw,f} vdkY xifjrifcsufay;w,f/

wD;wkd;oHawGrsm;vmnHvmawmh ZD;uGuftdkBuD;u xyfatmfvdkufNyD;

pum;quf jyefw,f/

]wdwfwdwfaeMuprf;yg? *½kpdkuf em;axmifMuprf;yg? uREkfyfodxm;

wmawG rukefao;bl;}


iSufawG EIwfydwfoGm;Muw,f? ZD;uGuftdkBuD;qufajymr,fhtaMumif;

udk Mum;csifpdwf jyif;jyvmMuw,f/

ZD;uGuftdkBuD;u

]NyD;cJhwJh &ufydkif;uav;twGif;rSm pyg;awG tawmfrsm;rsm;

aysmufoGm;whJykHyJ? wpfpHkwpfOD;u cdk;,loGm;w,fvdkY vlawGu xifaeMuw,f

'gayrJh tJ'D wpfpkHwpfOD;[m vlawmh rjzpfEdkifbl;whJ? wd&pämefawGvnf;

tJ'DusDem;rSm r&SdvdkY uREkfyfwdkY iSufawGom cdk;rSmyJvdkY wpfxpfcs

wGufxm;Muw,f}

iSufawG [,fceJ [mceJ jzpfukefMuw,f? olwkdYem;udk olwkdY

r,kHcsifovdk jzpfoGm;Muw,f/ bmaMumifhvJ olwkdYrSm tjypfr&Sdwm aocsm

aewmukd;/ pm;p&mawGtvQHy,frkdY pyg;wpfaphawmifcdk;zkdY tdyfruf rruf

Mubl;/ tif; r[kwfrSvGJa&m iSufawGukd vlawG txifrSm;wm aocsm

aeNyD/

ZD;uGuftkdBuD;u qufjyefw,f/

]uJ 'Dawmh oifwdkYxJu wpfOD;OD;rSmrsm; tjypf&Sdae&if tjypf&SdwJh

taMumif; xajymyg? tajctaeu odyfpkd;&drfp&m aumif;aew,faemf?

uREkfyfwdkYiSufawGudk zsufqD;ypf&r,fvdkY vlawGu ajymaeMuNyD}

iSufawGidkifusoGm;Muw,f/ rvIyfMuawmhbl;/ wxdwfxdwfjzpfae

Muw,f/

cPMumawmh ZD;uGuftdkBuD;u

]uJ uJ uaeYawmh tcsdefr&Sdawmhbl;? tm;vkH;vnf; yifyef;aeMuNyD?

'Dawmh 'Dudpö jyefaqG;aEG;zdkY eufjzefjyefqkHMur,f? eufjzefrS bmvkyf

&r,fqdkwm qkH;jzwfr,f}

'DnrSm iSufawG *PSmrNidrfMuawmhbl;/ ESpfESpfNcdKufNcdKuf rtdyfpuf

EdkifMuawmhbl;/ reufvif;wmeJY tpnf;ta0;usif;ywhJae&mukd tjrefvmcJh

Muw,f/ iSufawGpkHawmh ZD;uGuftkdBuD;u pnf;urf;&SdzkdY owday;NyD; raeYu

taMumif;t&mukd jyefqufw,f/


]odMuwhJtwdkif;yJ? uREkfyfwkdY[m vlawG wjcm;wd&pämefawGeYJtwl

wGJNyD; at;at;csrf;csrf; aexdkifvmcJhMuwmyJ? uREkfyfwkdY vdkufem&r,fh

Oya'rsm;ukdvnf; b,fwkef;urS rcsdK;azmufcJhMubl;? 'gayrJh ck uREkfyfwdkY

tay: tEÅ&m,fBuD;usvmNyD? cufwmu uREkfyfwdkY tjypfrusL;vGefwJh

taMumif; uREkfyfwkdY oufaorjyEdkifMubl;? 'gayrJh uREkfyfwkdY rsKd;EG,fpkxJu

wpfOD;OD;[m tjypfusL;vGefaeNyDqdkwJh taxmuftxm; vlawGrSm &SdaeNyD?

'Dawmh wifxm;wJh pGJcsufeJYywfoufNyD; uREkfyfwkdY tjypfuif;wJhtaMumif;

&Sif;jy½kHeYJ rvkHavmufaybl;? rxda&mufaybl;/ vlawG vufcH,kHMunf

Edkifatmif BudK;pm;MurSukd jzpfawmhr,f} vdkY tav;teufajymNyD; pum;&yf

vdkufw,f/

iSufawG wpfaumifeJYwpfaumif rsufvkH;awGeYJ pum;ajymMuNyD/

olu ukd,fhoHo,0if? ukd,fu olYoHo,0if jzpfaeMuNyD? 'Dtaetxm;ukd

ZD;uGuftdkBuD;u &dyfrdw,f/ 'gaMumifh


]'D½IyfaxG;vGef;wJh jyóemBuD;ukd ajz&Sif;EdkifzkdY oifwkdYrSm tBuHay;

p&mrsm; &Sdrvm;} vdkY ar;vkdufw,f/

'Dawmh usD;u }&mZ0wfaumifudkrrdrcsif; pyg;usDawGudk tapmifh

csxm;&if aumif;r,f}vdkY tBuHay;awmh iSufeDuav;u axmufcHw,f?

'gaMumifh usD;tqdkjyKwJhtwkdif; aqmif&GufzkdY twnfjyKMuw,f? iSufOD;a&u

odyfrsm;aevdkY iSufwpfaumif[m wpfBudrfrSm ESpfem&DyJ apmifh&w,f/

tpnf;ta0; &yfqkdif;vdkufwmeJY yxrESpfem&D wm0efuswhJiSuf

wpfaumifu apmifh&r,fhae&mukd wef;ysHoGm;w,f/ wm0efcsdefukefawmh

ZD;uGuftkdBuD;qD oGm;owif;ykdY&w,f/ jriforQ ajymjy&w,f/

'DvdkeJY &ufowåywfukefcJhNyD/ bmrS rxl;jcm;bl;/

'D&ufrsm;twGif; pyg;awGuawmh qufaysmufaew,f/ 'gayrJh

[dkwkef;uavmuf taysmuft&S rrsm;awmhbl;/

ZD;uGuftdkBuD; tawG;usyfaew,f/ 'geJY ol[m b,fiSufrS

todrcHbJ tapmifhcsxm;wJhae&mudk vSnfhywfMunfhNyD; wm0efusiSufukd

acsmif;avhvm tuJcwfw,f/ yxrtBudrfrSm bmrSrxl;jcm;ayr,fh

'kwd,tBudrf vkdufacsmif;wJhtcg xl;jcm;wmawGawGYvm&w,f/ 'Dwkef;u

pmuav;wm0efusaewhJtcsdefyJ/ ZD;uGuftkdBuD;u opf&GufawGtMum;rSm

wdwfwqdwfykef;NyD; apmifhMunfhaecJhw,f/ 'DtcsdefrSm pmwpftkyfysHqif;vmNyD;

yxrwpfaumifu pyg;usDxJ0ifw,f/ cPtMumrSm pyg;aphawG EIwfoD;eJY

tjynfhcsDNyD; jyefxGufvmw,f/ 'kwd,wpfaumif0ifoGm;w,f/ yxr

wpfaumiftwkdif; jyefxGufvmw,f/ wm0efuspmuav;&JU wm0efcsdef

twGif; olYrdwfaqG pmuav;awG pyg;tawmfrsm;rsm;csDNyD; ysHxGufoGm;

Muw,f/

rMumcif wm0efajymif;,lzdkY iSufjymBuD;a&mufvmw,f/ 'Dawmh

pmuav;uqD;NyD;

]tcsdefukefw,fAsm? bmrS t"dyÜg,fr&Sdbl;? apmifhom apmifh&w,f?

oHo,jzpfp&m bmwpfckrS rawGY&ygbl;? 'gaMumifh 'Dt"dyÜg,frJhwJh

vkyf&yfukd&yfqkdif;ypfzkdY aumif;NyDxifwmyJ} vdkY ajymw,f/

iSufjymBuD;u


]rif;txifrSefEdkifwmyJ? 'DudpötwGuf eufjzef aumifpDtpnf;ta0;

xkdifzkdY ZD;uGuftkdBuD;udk ajymMunfhygvm;} vdkY tBuHay;vdkufw,f/

aemufaeYreuf tpnf;ta0;rSm ZD;uGuftdkBuD;u

]pyg;usDawGukd uREkfyfwkdY apmifhMuyfMunfh½IcJhMuayr,fh bmxl;jcm;rIrS

rawGYcJh&ygbl;? 'gaMumifh apmifhMuyfwJhtvkyfukd &yfr,f? 'gayrJh uREkfyf

uawmh vlawG&JUacgif;aqmifeJY pum;ajymEdkifwJhwefcdk; uREkfyfudk ay;tyfzkdY

awmifxdyfu ewfzk&m;qD oGm;awmif;cH&OD;r,f? 'gwifrubl;? uREkfyfwkdY

bmawG aqmif&GufcJhMuw,f? bmawGodxm;cJhNyDjzpfw,fqkdwmawG ajym

jyNyD; uREkfyfwdkYtay: tEÅ&m,frusa&mufEdkifatmif umuG,fapmifha&Smuf

ay;zdkY awmif;yef&r,f} vkdY ajymNyD; awmifxdyfta&muf ysHoef;oGm;w,f/

iSufawG olwdkYae&mtoD;oD;ukd ysHxGufoGm;Muw,f/

ZD;uGuftkdBuD;uawmh ewfbk&m;eJY awGUqkHtNyD;rSm &Gmwpf&Gmu

olBuD;qD ysHoef;vmcJhw,f/ bmaMumifh ysHvmcJhovJqkdawmh xkwfazmfNyD;

rajymao;ayr,fh tjypfusL;vGefwJh iSufrsKd;EG,fukd olu odxm;jyDukd;/

olYrSm tpDtpOf&SdaeNyDaygh/

olBuD;a&SUarSmufa&mufwmeJY ZD;uGuftdkBuD;uvlvdkpum;ajymw,f

olBuD;u odyftHhtm;oifhaew,f/ 'gayrhJ owif;trSef&vdkufNyDrdkY olBuD;

auseyfw,f/

ZD;uGuftdkBuD;u

]vufqkyfvufudkifrjyEdkifbJ pmuav;awGudk uRefawmf rpGyfpGJ&Jbl;?

'gaMumifh ewfzk&m;qDu arSmftwwfeJYpD&ifxm;wJh trIefYwpfrsKd; awmif;,lcJh

&w,f? 'DtrIefYawGukd pyg;awGay: BuJxm;r,f? pmuav;awG pyg;vmcsDwJh

tcg olwkdY awmifyHeJY tarG;trQifawGrSm 'DtrIefYawG pGef;ayoGm;rSmyJ?

tif;uaeYnae usif;yr,fh iSufaumifpDtpnf;ta0;rSm 'DtaMumif;awGudk

twdtvif; xkwfazmfajymEdkifr,fh xifwmyJ olBuD;? [J [J 'gwifru

ao;bl; olBuD;&JU? tjypfusL;vGefMuwJh pmuav;awGvnfyif;rSm trnf;

rSwfBuD; jzpfay:apr,f? ]arSmfpum;vkH;awG} taMumif;yg ajymjy&OD;rSm

ayghav/


tif; b,fiSufrsKd;EG,frSm tjypf&Sdw,fqkdwm vlawGodMuawmh

rSmaygh? 'DtcgrSm tjypf&SdwJh pmuav;awGudkyJ vlawGu acsrIef;Muygvdrfhr,f}

naeusawmh pnf;a0;aeustwdkif; pnf;a0;Muw,f/ cgwkdif;vdkyJ

ZD;uGufBuD;u NidrfMuzdkYatmfajymw,f/ NyD;awmh raeYu tawGUtBuHKawGukd

jyefajymjyw,f/ ajymp&mawGukefawmh ewfzk&m;qDu arSmfpum;vkH;awG

ukd a&&Gwfvkdufw,f/ tJ a&&GwfvdkYtqkH;rSmawmh pmuav;awG&JU

vnfyif;awGrSm teufajymufawG ay:vmawmhowhJ/ &Sd&if;pGJawmufywJh

ta&mifawGvnf; rSdefoGm;NyD; ndKrGJrGJta&mif ajymif;oGm;w,f/

'DtcgusrS ZD;uGuftdkBuD;u

]uREkfyfwdkY iSufawG odu©musatmif rif;wkdY zefwD;cJhMuw,f?

uREkfyfwdkYukd rif;wkdY vdrfnmchJMuw,f? uJ ckawmh pyg;olcdk;rsm;tjzpf

rif;wdkYudkvlawGu odMu&NyD? rif;wkdYtoH[m vlawGtzdkY em;nnf;p&m?

rMum;csifp&mudk jzpfap&r,f? aemufNyD; rif;wkdYvnfyif;ay:u teufajymuf

[m ewfzk&m;&JU Oya'udk av;pm;vkdufemzdkY owday;aewJh trSwftom;

vnf; jzpfap&r,f? ½dk;½dk;usifh jrifhjrifhBuHMuzdkY owday;csufjzpfap&r,f} vdkY

&Sif;jyNyD; ed*kH;csKyfvdkufr,f/

xdwfvefYacsmufcsm;aeMuwJh pmuav;awG ta0;wpfae&mukd

ysHxGufoGm;MuNyD; olwkdYbmom oD;jcm;aexdkifMuawmhowhJ/

uJ vdrfnmol? cdk;olrSefforQ wpfaeYay:&NrJqdkwm xm0& pGJrSwf

xm;Mu&w,f/

n


rkd[mrufESifh orifrav;rkd[mrufESifh orifrav;rkd[mrufESifh orifrav;rkd[mrufESifh orifrav;rkd[mrufESifh orifrav;

[dk a&S;tcgu tifrwefvSywJh opfawmBuD;wpfck&SdowJh/ 'DopfawmxJu

opfyifawG[m odyfjrifhrm;Muw,f/ cefYnm;xnf0gMuw,f/ 'DopfyifawG&JU

0ef;usifrSmawmh yef;aygif;pkH zl;yGifhvdkYaygh/aus;iSufom&umawGuvnf;

opfyifxufrSmem;NyD; wpfaeukef aw;oDMuowJh/ opfawmBuD;&JUtwGif;ykdif;

rSmawmh om;&Jwd&pämef &Sdw,f/ olwkdY[m tNrJyJ aysmfaysmf&Tif&Tif

aexkdifMuowJh/ opfawmBuD;udkvnf;cspfMuowJh/ aemufNyD; olwkdYtm;vkH;

[m opfawmBuD;&JU vQdKU0SufcsufawGudkvnf; odxm;MuowJh/

opfawmBuD;om,mwm? opfawmBuD;xJu owå0gawG aysmfaysmf

&Tif&Tif&SdMuwm rSefayrJh wpfcgwpf&HrSmawmh pdwf'ku©a&mufp&meJY BuHK&wwf

jyefw,f/ bmaMumifhvJqdkawmh rkqdk;wpfa,mufu rMumrMum 'Dopfawm

BuD;xJvmNyD; wd&pämefawGukd owfjzwfavh&Sdwmukd;/ 'Drkqkd;BuD;a&mufvmNyD

qkd&if wpfawmvkH; wxdwfxdwfwvefYvefY jzpfaeMu&w,f/ wd&pämef

uav;awG[mvnf; vGwfvGwfvyfvyf roGm;&JMuawmhbl;/ opf&dyf

0g;&dyfawG cdkNyD; rkqdk;rjrifatmif BudK;pm;&awmhwmaygh/ tJ'D iSufuav;

awGuawmh rkqkd;vmwmjrif&if wd&pämefawGukd BudK;pm;NyD; tcsufay;Mu

owJh/

wpfaeYawmh rkqkd;[m ykdufuGefBuD;wpfck ,lcJhNyD; opfyifawG?

csKHykwfawGMum;rSm jzefYcsxm;vdkufw,f/ NyD;awmh tdrfjyefoGm;w,f/

ykdufuGefxJrSm wd&pämefawG rd rrd od&atmifawmh aeYwkdif; vmvmMunfh

wmaygh/

'DopfawmBuD;xJrSm orifrwpfaumifvnf;&Sdw,f/ olYrSm&ufom;

omom&Sdao;whJ om;i,fuav;ESpfaumif&dSw,f/ wpfreufawmh 'Dorif

r[m om;i,fuav;awG Edk;rvmcif tdyf&muxNyD; tpm&SmxGufcJhw,f/

ol[m ESif;&nfawG &TJ&TJpkdaewJh jrufyifvwfvwfqwfqwfawGukd pm;&if;

odyfMunfEl;aeowJh/

]tifrwefYudk Nidrf;csrf;wJh opfawmBuD;yJ? 'DawmxJrSm aexkdif&wm

udku wpfrsKd;uHxl;wmyJ} vkdY orifru awG;rdw,f/ wpfcsdefwnf;rSm


olUom;i,fuav;awGukdEkYdcsKdwkdufauR;zkdYvnf; trSwf&vkdufw,f/'gaMumifh

jyefzkdYjyifvkdufw,f/ 'DtcgrSmyJ olUajcaxmufawG ykdufrSmrdaeaMumif;

odvkduf&w,f/ ol[m ajcaxmufawGudkqGJMunfhw,f/wqwfqwfaqmifh

Munfhw,f/ 'gayrJh ykdufu rvGwfEkdifawmhbl;/ vGwfzkdYxyfjyD; tjyif;txef

MudK;pm;Munfhav ykdufxJrSmykdjyD; rdaeovkd cHpm;&avaygh/ aemufqkH;awmh

olUwpfukd,fvkH;tay: ykdufMuD;u zkH;vTrf;oGm;awmhw,f/

'Dtcg orifrcrsm tMuD;tus,f xdwfvefYoGm;w,f/ EdkYqmae

r,fh om;aygufuav;awGudk jrifa,mifrdjyefawmh rsuf&nfwawGawG

pD;usvmawmhw,f/

'DtcsdefrSm "m;udkifxm;wJh rkqkd;a&mufvmw,f/ towfcH&awmhr,f

qkdwm odvkdufwmeJY orifr[m ]om;i,fuav;wkdYa&? om;i,fuav;

wkdYa&}vkdY wwGwfwGwfjrnfwrf;aerdawmhowJh/ orifrbmawGajymaew,f

qkdwmukd rkqkd; rodvkdufbl;/ ol[m orifrukdckwfowfzkdY"m;udkajr§mufvkduf

w,f/ 'DtcsdefrSm wpfpkHwpfOD;u olYyckH;udk tomt,m qkyfukdifvkdufaMumif;

odvkduf&vkdY qwfceJ vSnfhMunfhvkdufwJhtcg t&Sifrkd[mruf olUab;rSm

&yfaewm jrifvkduf&w,f/ rkqkd;[m tHhtm;oifhjyD; "m;udk ajr§mufukdifxm;&if;

rvIyfr,Suf &yfaerdw,f/ cPMumrS

]usKyfqDu oif bmvkdovJ} vkdY ar;w,f/

'Dawmh t&Sifrkd[mrufu ]oif jidrf;csrf;ygap} vkdY awmif;qkacRjyD;

orifr OD;acgif;xufrSm olUvufudk wifxm;vkdufw,f/

]'DorifrrSm om;aygufuav;ESpfaumif&dSygw,f/ tck 'Dom;ayguf

uav;awGu EkdYcsKdpkdYzkdY apmifhaeMuygjyD/ 'Dawmh orifrukd vTwfay;apcsif

ygw,f/ olUom;uav;awGqD oGm;cGifhjyKapcsifygw,f/t&Sifrkd[mrufu

ayr,fh rkqkd;uawmh

Ekdifbl;/ ol[m

rSm rdae

nifnifomomawmif;yef

cyf½kdif;½kdif;yJ? ]oGm;cGifhrjyK

usKyf ykdufuGeftwGif;

wmrkdY usKyf&Jh orifr

jzpfoGm;jyD} vkdY

jyefajym

w,f/


t&Sifrkd[mrufu qufajymjyefw,f/

]uREkfyfajymwmukd oif em;axmifyg? vTwfomay;ygav/ wpfem&D

twGif; oifxH orifr jyefvmygvdrfhr,f/ tJ'Dtcgusawmhvnf; oifh

oabmtwkdif; owfvkdu owfyg? rowfvkdvJaeyg}

'DtcgrSm rkqkd;u avoHrmrmeJY

]t"dyÜm,frJhvkdufav? 'DvkdykHjyifrsKd; b,folu ,kHrSmvJ}

]jyefvmrSmygav? tu,fí jyefrvmcJh&if oifhxHrSm uREkfyf

wpfoufvkH; uRefcHoGm;yghr,f}

]aMomf 'Dvkdvm;? aumif;jyDav? 'DaeYupjyD; oif[m usKyf&Jh

uRefjzpfjyDvkdY MudKwifajymjyxm;vkdufyg&Jh/ usKyf&Jh uRef jzpfvm&ifawmh

oifwpfoufvkH; yifyifyef;yef; vkyf&vdrfhr,f}

ajymp&m&dSwmawG ajymjyD; rkqkd;u orifrukd vTwfay;vkdufw,f/

orifru t&Sifrkd[mrufudk aus;Zl;wifwJhtMunfheJY wpfcsufMunfhvkdufjyD;

om;i,fuav;awGqD ckefaygufajy;xGufoGm;awmhw,f/ om;i,fuav;

awGu odyfudk qmavmifaeMujyD/ 'gaMumifh trdEkdYukd tirf;r&

pkdYMuw,f/ EkdY0oGm;wJhtcg jyeftdyfoGm;Muw,f/

orifru tdyfaysmfoGm;MuwJh om;aygufuav;awGudk cPikHUMunfh

jyD;wmeJY nifnifomomav; vsufay;aew,f/ aemufawmh

]taroGm;jyD om;uav;wkdYa&} vkdY EIwfqufjyD; rkqkd;eJY t&Sif

rkd[mrufwkdY apmifhaewJhae&mudk jznf;jznf;av; jyefvmcJhw,f/ jyefvmwJh

orifrukd vSrf;Munfhvkdufawmh t&Sifrkd[mrufu

]uJ orifrav;jyefvmygjyD toifrkqkd;? oifykdifjzpfjyDrkdYowfygawmh}

vkdY tyfESHvkdufwJhtcg

rkqkd;u

][if tHhzG,fo&Jygvm;? tHhzG,fo&Jygvm;/ tHhMop&mwumxufykdjyD;

tHhMop&mauif;vSyguvm;} vkdYwwGwfwGwfa&&Gwf&if;t&Sifrkd[mrufa&SUrSmyJ

'l;axmufvkdufjyD;

]t&Sifjrwf? usKyf touf&Sifaeoa&GU t&Sifjrwf&Jh aus;uRef jzpfoGm;

ygjyD t&Sifjrwf} vkdY ½kd½kdusKd;usKd; ajymvkdufygowJh/

n


ÓPfrGJ&if uHenf;ÓPfrGJ&if uHenf;ÓPfrGJ&if uHenf;ÓPfrGJ&if uHenf;ÓPfrGJ&if uHenf;

[kd a&S;tcgu ][m&D'wå} trnf&dSwJh jA[®PwpfOD; &dScJhowJh/ ol[m

v,form;jzpfw,f/ olv,fudk tNrJwrf;MudK;pm;xGef,ufjyD; pkdufysKd;ayr,fh

pyg;txGufu odyfnHhzsif;owJh/

aeodyfyljyif;wJhwpfaeYrSm ol v,fqif;xGefw,f/ tyl&SdefaMumifh

yifyef;EGrf;e,fayr,fh wpfaeYukef qufxGefowJh/ aeat;csdefusrS acwåcP

tem;,larS;pufzkdY opfyifwpfyift&dyfrSm vJavsmif;vkdufw,f/ 'Dtckduf

opfyifMuD;teD;u yk&GufawmifykdYxJu wvGefYvGefYxGufvmwJh a>rMuD;

wpfaumifudk [m&D'wå vSrf;jrifvkdufw,f/

]tif; 'Da>rMuD;[m v,fapmifhewfjzpfrSmyJ/ igvJ olYudk wpfcgrS

rylaZmf ryocJhzl;bl;/ 'gaMumifh ighv,f ratmifjrifwm jzpfr,f/ uJ

ajymaeMumw,f/ tckyJ ylaZmfyorS jzpfr,f}

[m&D'wåu tJ'DvkdawG;jyD; cGufwpfcGufrSm EkdYenf;enf;xnfhjyD;

awmifykdYem;uyfoGm;owJh/ a&mufawmh cGufuav;ajr§mufvkdufjyD;

toHpmpmeJY ylaZmfyoawmhowJh/

]'Dv,fajrudk apmifha&SmufwJh toifewfrif;MuD;cifAsm;? tapmifh

ewfrif;MuD; 'DrSm pHjref;aeaMumif; uREkfyf wpfavQmufvkH; rodcJhyg/ xkdYaMumifh

rylaZmfyocJhrdyg? 'DtwGuf trkduftrSm; uREkfyfudk cGifhvTGwf&ef awmif;yef

wkd;vQKd;tyfygw,f t&Sif tapmifhewfrif;MuD;}


tJ'Dvkd awmif;yefylaZmfjyD; EkdYcGufudk csxm;vkdufw,f/ aemuf ol

tdrfjyefoGm;owJh/

aemufwpfaeY reufa&mufawmh awmifykdYqDvmMunfhw,f/ cGufxJ

Munfhvkdufawmh a&Tjym;wpfjym; awGUvkduf&owJh/ v,fapmifhewfu

rpwmyJvkdY awG;jyD; aeYpOf &ufquf yoawmhowJh/ aeYpOfvnf; cGufxJrSm

a&Tjym;wpfjym; awGUjrif&owJh/

wpfaeYusawmh [m&D'wårSm &Gmwpf&Gm oGm;zkdY udpöay:vmw,f/

'geJY om;jzpfolukd yk&GufawmifykdYrSm EkdYcGufeJY ylaZmfyozkdY rSmcJh&w,f/

om;uvnf; rSmwJhtwkdif;oGm;ylaZmfw,f/ EkdYcGufcsxm;cJhjyD;tdrfjyefvmw,f/

aemufaeYreuf awmifykdYukd oGm;Munhfawmh cGufxJrSm a&Tjym;wpfjym;

awGU&w,f/ 'Dawmh om;jzpfolu ]'Dyk&GufawmifykdYxJrSm a&Tjym;awGtrsm;MuD;

&dSrSm aocsmw,f/ a>rMuD;ukdowfjyD; a&Tjym;awG,lrSmyJ} vkdY awG;vkdufowJh/


'geJY aemufaeYusawmh a>rMuD;ukd EkdYcGufeJY ylaZmfyoaeckdufyJ

jA[®Pom;[m a>rOD;acgif;ukd wkwfwkdeJY ½kdufcsvkdufowJh/ 'gayr,fh

uHtm;avsmfpGmyJ a>rMuD;[m aowGif;u vGwfajrmufoGm;w,f/ a>rMuD;[m

onf;rcHEkdifavmufatmif a'goxGufoGm;jyD; jA[®Pom;ukd tifrwef

cRefxufwJh tpG,feJY aygufowfvkdufawmhowJh/ wjcm;aom jA[®PawGu

olYtavmif;ukd v,feJY rvSrf;rurf;rSm rD;oN*ØKvfvkdufMuw,f/

ESpf&uftMumrSm zcifjA[®PMuD; c&D;xGuf&mujyefa&mufvmowJh/

a&mufwmeJY om;&Jh Mur®mqkd;taMumif; odvkduf&awmh tifrwefukd

0rf;enf; aMuuGJoGm;w,f/ pdwfraumif;vnf; jzpfoGm;owJh/ 'gayr,fh

aemufykdif;usawmh cgwkdif;vkdyJ EkdYcGuf,ljyD; awmifykdYMuD;qD vmcJhjyefw,f/

a&mufawmh a>rMuD;udktoHpmpmeJY axmyemjyKowJh/ jyD;rSylaZmfyoowJh/

'Dawmh a>rMuD;uvnf; awmifykdYwGif;uae acgif;jyLxGufvmjyD; jA[®Pukd

ajymowJh/

]avmbouú&aMumifh oif þae&mudk a&mufvmjcif; jzpfw,f/

xkdavmbouú&uyif aoqkH;oGm;wJhom;tm; arhaysmuf&ef oifhukdzefwD;

cJhw,f/ ,ck þtcsdefrSpí uREkfyfwdkYESpfOD;Mum;rSm rdwfaqGb0onf

b,faomtcgrS rjzpfwnfEkdifawmhyg/ oifhom;onf todw&m; acgif;yg;

vGef;pGmyif uREkfyftm; ½kdufowf&ef MudK;pm;cJhojzifh uREkfyfu oifhom;tm;

aygufowfcJh&acsjyD/ wkwfwkd\'Pfudk uREkfyf b,fokdY arhaysmufEkdifyg

rnfenf; jA[®P/ xkdYtwl oifonfvnf; om;wpfa,muf qkH;½IH;&jcif;rS

jrpfzsm;cHaom emusifrIa0'emESifh ylaqG;rItjzmjzmudk tb,fykH arhaysmuf

Ekdifygrnfenf;/ xkdYaMumifh aemifwGif uREkfyfxH oif b,faomtcgrS

rvmygESifhawmh}

'DvkdajymjyD;a>rMuD;u wefzkd;te*¢xkdufwJh ykvJwpfvkH;ay;vkdufowJh/

csufcsif;yJ a>rMuD; aysmufuG,foGm;w,f/ 'DawmhrS jA[®P[m olYom;&Jh

rkdufrJrIrsm;ukd usdefqJ&if; ykvJvkH;MuD;udk aumuf,ljyD; tdrfjyefvmcJhawmh

owJh/

n


tpfukdYrdef;ru odyfqkd;w,f/ olYrwfukd rESpfNrdKUbl;/ 'gaMumifh

*sKHaphawGudk jyKwfNyD;rS acs;ay;vdkufw,f/nDjzpfoluawmh bmrS rod&Smbl;aygh/ *sKHaphawG&vmwmeJY olUtcif;

xJrSm pkdufwmyJ/ 'gayrJh jyKwfxm;wJh *sKHaphawGrdkU tyifaygufrvmbl;/uHtm;avsmfpGmygvmwJh rjyKwf&ao;wJh *sKHaphwpfaphuyJ *sKHyifwpfyifaygufvmw,f/

nDjzpfol[m tifrweftvkyfBudK;pm;olrdkY aygufvmwJh *sKHyifuav;udkaeYpOf *½kpdkufw,f/ a&avmif;? ajrqG tNrJvkyfay;w,f/ 'gaMumifhvnf;*sKHyif[m oefpGrf;xGm;usKdif;vmw,f/ opfyifBuD;wpfyifvdk jzpfvmw,f/xdk;xGufaewJh *sKHESHBuD;[m rsufESmusufBuD;vkd jyefYum;aeawmhw,f/'D*sKHESHBuD;&JUatmuf {u0ufavmuf t&dyfjzpfaew,f/

aemufqkH; *sHKaphrSnfhvmwJhtcg nDu *sKHyifBuD;ukd ykqdefeJYckwfvSJvdkufw,f/ 'gayrJh *sKHyifBuD;ajrjyifay:vnf;usa&m iSufBuD;wpfaumifut&Sdeft[kefeJY xkd;qif;vmNyD; *sKHaphudk csDoGm;w,f/

nDi,fu iSufBuD; ysHxGufoGm;&maemuf ajcukefokwfvdkufwmaygh/aemufqkH; jrpfurf;ajcem;a&mufoGm;w,f/ 'DawmhrS iSufBuD;u nDi,fbufvSnfhvdkufNyD; vlvdkpum;ajymowJh/

]'D *sKHaphwpfaphu cifAsm;twGuf bmwefzdk;&SdvdkYvJ? a[m'Dyifv,fBuD;&JU ta&SUbufrSm ]a&TaiGuRef;} &Sdw,f? a[m'Dyifv,fBuD;ukdjzwfNyD;cifAsm;udk uRefawmfac:oGm;r,f? tJ'DuRef;a&mufawmh BudKufwmawG,layghAsm? cifAsm; csrf;omawmhrS trSefygyJ}

nDi,f odyfauseyfoGm;w,f/ iSufBuD;&JUausmjyifay: rqkdif;rwGwufvdkufw,f/ ysHaewkef;rSm rsufpdtpkHukd rSdwfxm;zkdYajymwmeJY rsufpdukdrSdwfxm;vdkufw,f/ 'Dawmh avwkd;oHawGudkom Mum;ae&wmaygh/wpfcsdefwnf;rSm avjyif;xJjzwf c&D;oGm;ae&ovdk cHpm;ae&w,f/ tJolYatmufrSmawmh yifv,fatmfoHeJY vddIif;vkH;BuD;awGyJaygh/ wpfae&mta&mufrSm iSufBuD;u ausmufaqmifwpfckay: ½kwfw&uf xkd;qif;vdkufw,f/

]uJ a&mufygNyD}nDi,fu rsufpdzGifhvdkufw,f/ tvdk tHhMop&mygyJuvm;/ Munfhprf;

a&TwkH;awG? aiGwkH;awG/ b,fae&mMunfhvdkuf Munfhvdkuf a&TeJU aiGuvGJNyD;


bmudkrS rawGU&bl;/ tarSmifxJrSmawmif a&TwkH; aiGwkH;awG[m NydK;NydK;jyufjyuf ta&mifawGxGufaeMuw,f/ ol[m a&TwkH;wpf'gZifavmufukdom aumuf,lNyD; &ifcGifxJxnfh0Sufxm;vdkuffw,f/

iSufBuD;u]vkHavmufNyDvm; rdwfaqG} vdkY ar;awmh olu][kwfuJh? vkHavmufygNyDAsm} vdkY jyefajymvkdufw,f/ 'Dawmh

iSufBuD;u]aumif;ygav&JUAsm? avmbrBuD;awmh tvdkenf;wmaygh} vdkY

ajymNyD; nDi,fukd ausmay:wif tdrfjyefykdYay;vdkufw,f/aemufydkif;rSm olYa&Tp aiGprsm;eJY ajraumif;wpfuGuf0,fw,f/

'DvdkeJY ol wpfp wpfp csrf;om<u,f0vmawmhw,f/'Dvdkjzpfvmawmh tpfukdu olYukd remvdkawmhbl;/ 'gaMumifh

wpfaeYrSm]rif; nnxGufNyD; olrsm;aiGawGukd cdk;w,fvdkY igaocsmayguf

ajymEdkifw,f} vdkY &ifh&ifhoD;oD; pGyfpJGw,f/'Dvdk pGyfpGJcH&awmh jzpforQudk xdeffcsefrxm;awmhbJ tukefzGifhajym

vkdufw,f/ tpfukduwpfqifh rdef;rukd jyefazmufonfcsw,f/ azmufonffcstNyD;rSm

]iga&m tJ'Dtwkdif; rjzpfEdkifbl;vm;} vdkY rdef;rukdar;awmh rdef;ru]tvG,fav;yg? *sKHaphawG xyfjyKwf½kHyJ? tJ wpfaphawmh tdk;xJu

jyefxkwfxm;&rSmaygh? tJ'Dwpfaphukd &Sifupdkuf? aemufydkif;apmifhMunfhMuwmaygh}vdkY cyfayghayghajymjyw,f/

olwkdYvifr,m; tcsdefqGJraeMubl;? csufcsif;vkyfief;pMuw,f/'Dawmhvnf; *sKHyifwpfyifvnf;ayguf? *sKHESHvnf;wpfESHxGuf? &dwfodrf;csdefa&mufawmh iSufBuD;xkd;qif;vm? *sKHaphudkudkufcsDNyD; ysHwufoGm;aygh/

tpfudkv,form; odyfauseyfaew,f/ iSufBuD;ysH&maemuf ajy;vdkufw,f/ 'Dawmh iSufBuD;u nDi,fudkajymwJhtwkdif;xyfajym olYausmay:wifNyD;

]a&TaiGuRef;} qD ac:oGm;wmaygh/uRef;ay:a&mufawmh tpfukdv,form; jrL;aeNyD/ Munfhav&m&mrSm

a&TawG? aiGawGcsnf;ukd;/ tpkvdkuf tykHvkdufawG/ tBuD;qkH;a&TwkH;qkd&if


awmifukef;avmuf&Sdw,f/ i,fwmawGuawmh tkwfcJt&G,fawGyJ? tao;

trTm;uav;awG qkdwmuawmh oJyGifhawGusaewmyJ? tarSmifxJrSm

w0if;0if; wvufvufaygh/

tpfukdv,form;awmh avmbaZmwkdufNyD; ½l;rwwfbJ/ wpfcsdefvkH;

atmf[pfaew,f/ a&TykH? aiGykHBuD;awGudk o,f,lzkdY enf;vrf;&Smr& jzpfae

w,f/ wpfcsdefwnf;rSm a&TwkH;BuD;awG aiGwkH;BuD;awGukd usKH;usKH;NyD;

,laew,f/

Mumvmawmh iSufBuD;u

]uJ awmfavmufygNyD? odyfrsm;vGef;&if raumif;bl;} vdkY owday;

w,f/

]cPaeprf;ygOD;Asm? ravmprf;;ygeJY? ykdo,fvdkYjzpfr,fhenf;vrf;

&Smyg&apOD;}

]r[kwfbl;? cPae&if ae xGufvmawmhr,f? 'DuRef;ay:uswJh

aea&mif[m odyfyljyif;ygw,f? puúLuav;avmifoGm;ovdkY vlawGukdvnf;

avmifuRrf;oGm;apEdkifw,f}

]cPav; apmifhygOD;Asm}

'DtcsdefrSmyJ wdrfwdkufawGMum;u aevkH;&J&JBuD;ay:xGufvmawmh

w,f/ wpfNydKifwnf;vdkvdkyJ tifrweffyljyif;wJh a&mifjcnfawG jzmqif;vm

w,f/ iSufBuD; raeEdkifawmhbl;/ awmifyHawGjzefYNyD; yifv,fxJqif;oGm;

w,f/ yifv,fa&ukd awmifyHESpfzufeJY wjAef;jAef;½dkufcwfNyD; tyl'PfcHEdkif

atmif BudK;pm;ae&w,f/

'DtcsdefrSmyJ avmbrowfEdkifwJh tpfukdv,form;u jyif;vGef;wJh

tyl'PfaMumifh avmifuRrf;aoqkH;oGm;&awmhw,f/

tpfukdjzpfol tdrfa&mufrvmawmh olYZeD;u nDi,fukd

]&Sif uRefrukd vufxyfoifhw,f? &Sifhudk*½kpkdufzkdY wpfa,mufvdkaeNyD

r[kwfvm;} vdkY pajymvmw,f/ 'gayrJh nDi,fu

]rvkdbl;? rvdkbl;? uRefawmfhukd,f uRefawmf *½kpdkufEkdifw,f?

aemufNyD; *sKHaphawGukd cifAsm;csufykH uRefawmf odyfrBudKufvSbl;} vdkY

cyfwnfwnf jyefajymvdkufw,f/

n


tarhtcspf b,folarhypfcJhovJtarhtcspf b,folarhypfcJhovJtarhtcspf b,folarhypfcJhovJtarhtcspf b,folarhypfcJhovJtarhtcspf b,folarhypfcJhovJ

]blupfa*smif}qdkwm awmifukef;wpfck&JU trnfyJuG,f/ 'Dawmifukef;xdyfrSm

bk&m;ausmif;wpfausmif;&Sdw,fav/ tJ'Dbk&m;ausmif;trkd;txufrSmawmh

oabFmwpfpif;ykH jyKvkyfNyD; wiffxm;owJhuG,f/ bmaMumifhrsm; 'Dbk&m;

ausmif; trkd;xufrSm oabFmykHjyKvkyfNyD; wifxm;&wmvJ/ uav;wkdY

odMu&JUvm;/ rod&if OD;OD;ajymjyr,faemf/

'DvdkuGJU/

blupfa*smif awmifukef;em;rSm jrpfwpfck pD;qif;aew,f/ jrpfurf;

ay:rSmawmh wJuav;wpfvkH;&Sdaew,faygh/ rkqdk;rBuD; [mvDrmeJY olY

om;uav; tvDwkdY&JU wJayghuG,f/ [mvDrm[m olYom;uav;twGuf

yifyifyef;yef; tvkyfvkyfowJhuG,f/ 'gayrJh om;uav;ukdcspfvGef;vdkY

yifyef;w,f rxifbl;? tNrJukd aysmfaeowJhuG,f/

wjznf;jznf;eJY tvDuav; vlvm;ajrmufvmw,fav/ 'Dawmh

olu ]tar toufBuD;vSygNyD? uRefawmf tvkyfvkyfEdkifNyDav? tarhukd

uRefawmf vkyfauR;yghr,f? uRefawmf NrdKUawmfwufNyD; tvkyfvkyfawmhr,f/

aiGawGtrsm;BuD;&rS jyefvmNyD; a[m'D blupfa*smif awmifukef;ay:rSm

tarhtwGuf tdrfvSvSuav;wpfvkH; aqmufay;r,f? tcdkif;tapawG

trsm;BuD; ac:xm;ay;r,f? O,smOfBuD;wpfckvnf; wnfaqmufay;OD;r,f

tar&,f? tJ'Dtcsdefus&if uRefawmfwdkY odyfukd aysmfMurSmyJaemf} vdkY

ajymjyowJh/

'gayrJh tartdkBuD;u om;eJY rcGJEdkifwJhtwGuf ]roGm;ygeJY om;av;

&,f? tarav tdrfvSvSvnf; rvdkcsifbl;? a[m'DwJuav;xJrSm

ae&wmyJ aysmfw,f? aemufNyD; tcdkif;tapawGvnf; rxm;yg&apeJY?

om;twGuf tarukd,fwdkif csufjyKwfauR;arG;csifw,f? tJ'DvdkrS tar

aysmfrSmyg om;&,f} vdkY wm;w,f? tvDu remcHbl;av/

]tdk oGm;&rSmyJ} qdkNyD; NrdKUawmfukd xGufoGm;owJhuG,f/

NrdKUawmfrSm taeMum? tvkyftukdifudkvnf; BudK;BudK;pm;pm;vkyfwJh

twGuf tvDwpfa,muf csrf;omvmawmhwmaygh/ ESpfawGMumav csrf;om


onfxuf csrf;omavyJwJhuG,f/ aemufqkH;awmh vlodrsm;ausmfMum;vSwJholaX;BuD;wpfOD; jzpfvmcJhawmhwmaygh/

NrdKUawmfrSm tvDxufydkNyD; xif&Sm;ausmfMum;wJh olaX;BuD;wpfOD;&Sdao;owJhuG,f/ emrnfu ],lpGyf} wJh/ orD;uvnf; wpfa,mufwnf;/odyfacsm odyfvSaygh/ emrnfuav;u ]zmwDrm} wJhav/

'DolaX;BuD;om;tztaMumif; tvD Mum;odvdkufawmh ]ig zmwDrmudkvufxyfvdkuf&if olYtaz ,lpGyfvdkyJ xifay:ausmfMum; vlodrsm;wJht"du& yk*¾dKvfBuD;wpfOD; jzpfvmrSmyJ} vdkY ol pdwful;,Ofw,fav/

pdwful;,Ofxm;wJhtwkdif;yJ wpfaeYrSm ol zmwDrmeJY vufxyfvdkufw,f/ rMumcif tifrwef BuD;us,fcrf;em;vSywJh oabFmwpfpif;udk0,f,lvkdufw,f/ 'DoabFmBuD;[m olwdkY ZeD;armifESH taysmfc&D;xGufzkdYaygh/

olwkdY taysmfc&D;xGufvdkY &uftawmfMumvmwJhtcg ]blupfa*smif}awmifukef;em;u jrpfxJa&mufcJhwmaygh/ 'Dawmh zmwDrmu ]'g &Sifi,fi,fu aecJhwJhae&mvm;} vdkY ar;w,f/ tvDu ][kwfw,fav} vdkYajzwmaygh/ tJ'Dtcg zmwDrmu ]&Sifhtar 'DrSm&Sdao;vm; [if? &Sd&if

oGm;awGU&atmifaemf} vkdY ylqmygava&m/


'geJY olwkdY ZeD;armifESH[m avSi,fav;wpfpif;eJY urf;uyfcJhMuowJhuG,f/ tJ olwdkYvnf; urf;ay:a&mufa&m om;ukd tNrJarQmfae&SmwJhrdciftkdBuD;eJY wef;wdk;awmhwmyJwJh/ rdcifBuD;[m om;ukd jrifvdkufwmeJY][,f tvD tvD? tarhom;BuD; tvD? tvD tarhom;BuD;} vdkY om;emrnfukdwaMumfaMumfac:&if; rajy;Edkifajy;Edkif ajy;NyD; tem;uyfvmw,fav/

wu,fawmh tvD&JUrdcifBuD;[m tifrwefukd tdkrif;&ifha&mfae&SmNyDuG,f/ qif;qif;&J&J pkwfpkwfjywfjywfaygh/

tbGm;BuD; tvDem;ta&mufrSm zmwDrmu tvDukd ar;vdkufw,f/]b,folvJ? &Sifhtarvm; [if} wJh/ 'Dawmh tvDu

]b,fu tar&rSmvJ? t½l;rBuD;yg? ukd,fhtaru aooGm;ygNyD} vdkYajym&if; csmceJvSnfhNyD; urf;bufavQmufoGm;awmhowJhuG,f/ 'DawmhtartdkBuD;[m odyfpdwfqdk;? odyf a'goxGufNyD; blupfa*smifawmifukef;ay:udk wufoGm;w,f/ awmifukef;xdyfudkvnf; a&mufa&m? ol[m aumif;uifukd armhMunfhvkdufNyD; ]tvD&,f? rif;[m ighom;yg? 'gayrJh rif;urif; tarukdawmif rodawmhbl;? om;rdkufvkyfoGm;ykHukd t&SifjrwfMunfhraeygeJY bk&m;vdkY a&&Gwfwdkifwnfvdkufw,fav/

tJ a&&GwfvdkYvnf;NyD;a&m aumif;uifwpfjyifvkH; rnf;arSmifvmawmhowJh/ wpfNydKifwnf;rSmyJ vQyfpD;wpfcsuf 0if;ceJjyufvkdufw,f/ csufcsif;qkdovdkyJ tvD&JUoabFmBuD;[m rD;[kef;[kef;awmufNyD; yifv,fxJepfjrKyfoGm;awmhowJhuG,f/

zmwDrmudkawmh avSorm;awGu u,fwifEdkifvkdufwJhtwGuftouf&Sif usef&pfcJhw,fav/

aemufykdif;rSm zmwDrmeJY tvD&JU &Gmol&Gmom;awG pkaygif;NyD; tJ'Dblupfa*smif awmifukef;xdyfrSm bk&m;ausmif;wpfausmif;udk wnfaqmufMuw,f/ trdk;xufu oabFmykHuawmh txdrf;trSwftjzpf xnfhxm;wmjzpfw,fav/

vlawGtm;vkH;ukd tJ'D bk&m;ausmif;u tNrJowday;aewJhtcsufwpfcsuf &SdowJhuG,f/ tJ'gu bmvJqdkawmh/

]a,musmf;tm;vkH;[m rdcifrsm;ukd cspfcif&r,f? rdcifawG touft&G,f BuD;&ifhvmwJhtcg wwfEdkifoavmuf ulnDapmifha&Smuf&r,f} qkdwmygyJuG,f/

n


aqmfvrGefeJY yk&Gufqdwfrsm;aqmfvrGefeJY yk&Gufqdwfrsm;aqmfvrGefeJY yk&Gufqdwfrsm;aqmfvrGefeJY yk&Gufqdwfrsm;aqmfvrGefeJY yk&Gufqdwfrsm;

aqmfvrGef bk&ifBuD;taMumif; Mum;zl;Mur,f xifyg&JU/ *sL;vlrsKd;rsm;&JU

bk&ifBuD;av/ tifrwefYukd ynmOmPfBuD;oltjzpfxif&Sm;ausmfMum;olaygh/

olYukd ynmt&SdqkH; bk&ifBuD;tjzpf owfrSwfMuw,f/ 'Dbk&ifBuD;[m

wd&pämefawG? aus;iSufawG&JU pum;ukd em;vnfw,fvdkYvnf; ajymMuw,f/

'Dbk&ifBuD; ynm&SdwJhtaMumif;uawmh urÇmtESHU ysHUaeNyD; jzpfw,f/

BuD;jrwfNyD; tvGefacsmarmvSywJh &SDAmbk&ifrawmif aqmfvrGefbk&ifBuD;

taMumif; Mum;odxm;w,f/ 'gaMumifh ]'Dxl;jcm;vSwJh bk&ifeJY ig

oGm;awGUNyD; vlawGajymMuoavmuf ynm BuD; rBuD; od&atmif BudK;pm;

Munfhr,f} vdkY qkH;jzwfcsufcsxm;w,f/ 'DtqkH;tjzwfukd taumiftxnf

azmfzdkY wpfaeYrSm bk&ifr[m BuD;jrwfwJh a*s½kpvef EdkifiHawmfukd c&D;

xGufcJhw,f/ ol[m aqmfvrGefbk&ifBuD;twGuf tzkd;rsm;pGm xdkufwefwJh

vufaqmifyPÖmawGvnf; ,lcJhwmaygh/


bk&ifBuD;eJY awGUwJhtcg &SDAmbk&ifru pum;awG trsm;BuD;

ajymMunfhw,f/ ar;cGef;awGxkwfw,f/ pOf;pm;p&mya[VdawG ar;w,f/

ar;orQtm;vkH;ukd aqmfvrGefbk&ifBuD;u ynmom;ygyg ajzjywJhtwGuf

&SDAmbk&ifr[m &ifoyf½Iarm tHhMo&w,f/

]tif; oifynmBuD;aMumif; uREkfyf Mum;orQ tm;vkH;rSefuefaeygNyD?

wu,fawmh oifeJYywfoufvdkY uREkfyfMum;&wm wpf0ufawmifr&Sdao;

ygbl;} vdkYvnf; aqmfvrGefbk&ifBuD;ukd csD;usL;vdkufw,f/

wpfaeYawmh aqmfvrGefbk&ifBuD;eJY &SDAmbk&ifrwkdY[m rSL;rwf?

tapcHawG NcH&HNyD; jrif;pD;xGufcJhMuw,f/ cPtMumrSm yk&Gwfqdwfuav;

awG&JU awmifykdYBuD;em; a&mufvmMuw,f/ awmifydkYBuD;u bk&ifoGm;r,fh

vrf;wnfhwnfhrSm&Sdaew,f/ bk&ifBuD;pD;vmwJh jrif;cGmoHawGukd Mum;

uwnf;u yk&Gwfqdwfuav;awG odyfudk aMumuf&GHUxdwfvefYaeMuw,f/

]tvdk? urÇmay:rSm tBuD;jrwfqkH;eJY ynmt&SdqkH; bk&ifBuD;u

wkdYwpfawGudk eif;ajczkdY vmaeNyDaum}

'DtoHMum;awmh aqmfvrGefbk&ifBuD;u &,fvdkufw,f/ bk&ifBuD;

&,fawmh &SDAmbk&ifru ]oif bmaMumifh &,fygovJ} vkdY vSrf;ar;w,f/

]aMomf wjcm;aMumifh r[kwfygbl;? yk&Gwfqdwfav;awG ajymaeoH

Mum;rdvdkYyg} vdkY ajzNyD; olMum;wmawGudk jyefajymjyvkdufw,f/ 'Dawmh

&SDAmbk&ifru

]tdk oifhvdkBuD;jrwfwJh bk&ifBuD;&JU ajctpkHeJY 'Davmufao;rTm;wJh

owå0gawG rkefYrkefYnufnufausatmif eif;ajcwm w&m;ygw,f} vdkY

cyfayghaygh rSwfcsufcsrdvdkufw,f/

'Dtcg aqmfvrGefbk&ifBuD;u NyHK;NyD; ]'Dvdk b,f[kwfrvJav?

ynm&SdNyD; cGeftm;BuD;ol[m tm;enf;olukd b,fawmhrS xdcdkuftemw&

jzpfatmif rvkyf&bl;}

pum;tqkH;rSm bk&ifBuD;u yk&GwfqdwfawmifykdYBuD;ukd uGif;a&SmifNyD;

c&D;qufw,f/aemufvdkufaemufygawGtm;vkH;vnf; bk&ifBuD;enf;wl

uGif;a&SmifoGm;Muw,f/ yk&Gwfqdwfuav;awG ab;roD &efrcbJ Nidrf;Nidrf;

csrf;csrf; usef&pfcJh&w,f/


aqmfvrGefbk&ifBuD;&JU MunfndKp&m? av;pm;p&m tjyKtrlukd

rsuf0g;xifxifjrifvkduf&wJh &SDAmbk&ifr[m tvGefY tvGef ½dkaopdwfeJY

OD;nTwfvdkufw,f/ NyD;rS

]oifhukd ynm&SdBuD;vdkYajymMumwm rqef;ygbl;? qif;&Jol? qif;&Jom;

rsm;eJY tm;enf;olrsm;ukd pmemaxmufxm;wwfwJh bk&if tkyfpkd;wJh wkdif;jynf

[m aysmf&Tifp&maumif;vSygayw,f? qif;&Jol qif;&Jom;rsm;eJY tm;enf;

olrsm;udk b,folaMumifhrS temw&rjzpfapvkdwJhbk&if tkyfpdk;wJh wkdif;jynff

[m aecsifp&m tifrwefaumif;vSygayw,f} vdkY &Gwfqkdvdkufw,f/

n


ief;ausmif;oljzpfoGm;&SmwJhrif;orD;uav;ief;ausmif;oljzpfoGm;&SmwJhrif;orD;uav;ief;ausmif;oljzpfoGm;&SmwJhrif;orD;uav;ief;ausmif;oljzpfoGm;&SmwJhrif;orD;uav;ief;ausmif;oljzpfoGm;&SmwJhrif;orD;uav;

odyfukdacsmvSwJh rif;orD;uav;wpfyg;[m olwpfcgrS rjrifbl;wJhrif;om;av;eJY vufxyf&awmhr,f/ vufxyfyGJMuD;twGuf jyifqifrIawGtm;vkH; aqmif&GufjyD;pD;oGm;jyDrkdY rif;orD;uav;[m rdcifbk&ifrMuD;eJYcGJcGm&awmhr,fqkdawmh bk&ifrMuD; pdwfraumif;jzpf&&SmjyD/ om;rufawmfrif;om;av;&Jh wkdif;jynfuvnf; tifrwefukd uGmvSrf;vSwmaMumifhorD;awmfav;eJY jyefawGUEkdifcGifh r&dSawmhbl;vkdY awG;rdjyD; 0rf;enf;rqkH;jzpfae&Smw,f/ aMuaMuuGJuGJ cHpm;ae&&Smw,f/

wu,fwrf; cGJcGmcsdefusawmh bk&ifrMuD;[m ]jyKpm;jcif;twwfynm}wpfckudk trSwf&vkdufwmeJY ol&Jh vufacsmif;uav; wpfacsmif;xdyfukdtyfeJYaygufvkdufw,f/ vufacsmif;atmufrSmcHxm;wJh vufukdify0gudkorD;awmfav; vufwGif; xnhfay;&if;

]a[m'D vufukdify0gav;ukd orD;awmfoGm;av&m,loGm;yg? orD;awmfav;tay: b,fvkd&effrsKd;rS rusa&mufEkdifygbl;/ aysmufawmh raysmufapeJYaemf? aysmuf&ifawmh orD;av;twGuf tEÅ&m,fawG &dSvmEkdifw,f} vkdYajymjyw,f/

rif;orD;av;u tawmfhukd xl;ygvm;vkdY awG;rdw,f/ 'gayr,fhrdcifMuD;ajympum;awGudk emcHrSwfom;xm;ygr,fvkdY uwdjyKjyD; rif;om;av;aexkdif&m wkdif;jynfukd &Ha&Gawmfwpfa,mufeJY c&D;xGufcJhawmhw,f/ olwkdYESpfOD;pvkH; jrif;ukd,fpDpD;xGufvmcJhMuwmyJ/ c&D;odyfraygufcifrSm rif;orD;uav; a&qmvkdY &Ha&Gawmfukd

][kd prf;acsmif;xJu a&oGm;cyfacsyguG,f} vkdY ckdif;w,f/ 'Dawmh&Ha&Gawmfu

]cyfray;Ekdifbl;/ ukd,fhbmom cyfaomuf} vkdY ½kdif;½kdif;ysys jyefajymw,f/

rif;orD;av; wpfcGef;rS EIwfwkHUrjyefvkdufbl;/ jrif;xufu qif;?prf;acsmif;em;oGm;jyD; prf;a&at;ukd cyfaomufw,f/

a&aomufjyD;wmeJYc&D;qufw,f/

'DtcgrSm vufukdifyk0gu


]tif; 'Djzpf&yfawGudk r,fawmfMuD;omod&if tonf;uGJrSm aocsmw,f} vkdY pdwfraumif;oHeJY a&&Gwfvkdufw,f/

c&D;qufvmvkdY wpfae&mta&mufrSm rif;orD;av; a&qmvmjyefw,f/ 'Dwpfcgvnf; &Ha&GawmfbufvSnfhjyD;

]a&qmvmjyefjyDuG,f? cyfay;prf;ygOD;} vkdY ckdif;rdw,f/&Ha&Gawmfu yxrtMudrfwkef;utwkdif;]ukd,fhbmom cyfaomufyg/ uRefr[m &Sifh&Ha&Gabmff r[kwfawmhbl;}

vkdY jyefyufw,f/rif;orD;av; EIwfwkHU rjyefvkdufbl;/ jrif;xufuqif;jyD; olU

bmom oGm;aomufw,f/'Dawmh vufukdkify0gu]tif; 'Djzpf&yfawGukd rifh r,fawmfMuD;rsm; od&if tonf;uGJrSm

aocsmw,f} vkdY pdwfraumif;oHeJY a&&Gwfjyefw,f/ 'DtMudrfrSmawmh rif;orD;av; pddwfrxdef;Ekdif&Smawmhbl;/ 0rf;enf;

yufvuf ikda<u;rdw,f/ vufukdify0gvnf; prf;acsmif;xJ usoGm;w,f/'Dtjcif;t&mukd &Ha&GabmfjrifwJhtcg vufukdify0gu olUocifrav;

ukd b,fvkdrS tumtuG,f ray;EkdifawmhrSef; twwfodvkdufw,f/'gaMumifh

]uJ &Sifh t0wftpm;awG uRefrukd ay;prf;/ a[m'D uRefr t0wftpm;awGukdawmh &Sif0wfayawmh/ uRefrwkdY ae&mcsif; vJMur,fav/ tJtJ jrif;ygvJrSmaemf/ uRefr jrif;udk &SifpD;/ &Sifhjrif;MuD; ]zvm'g} ukduRefrpD;&r,f/ tif; aemufjyD; &Sifhrif;om;av;eJY uRefr vufxyfr,fav?uJ ckcsdefupjyD; uRefru rif;orD;av;jzpfoGm;jyD/ vlwkdif;uvnf;rif;orD;av;vkdYyJ xifrSm aocsmw,f/ uJ uRefrajymwJhtwkdif; vkyfayawmh? jiif;r,fawmh rMuHeJY? owfypfr,f}

rif;orD;av; odyfaMumufoGm;w,f/ &ifwkefyef;wkef jzpfoGm;w,f/taorcH&JwJhtwGuf tvG,fwul oabmwl acgif;ndwfvkduf&w,f/ae&mcsif; vJwJhudpö tm;vkH; jyD;pD;oGm;rS c&D;qufvmcJhMuw,f/

aemufqkH; rif;om;av;&Jh crnf;awmfpH&m eef;awmfxJa&mufvmMuw,faygh/ tm;vkH;u &Ha&Gabmfukd rif;orD;uav;trSwfeJY jyKpkqufqHMuw,f/


rif;orD;av;[m 0rf;enf;vGef;? pdwfysufvGef;vkdY eef;awmf0if;xJqif;cJhjyD; wpfae&mrSm awGawGai;ai; &yfaerdw,f/ olUukd eef;awmf

jywif;0rSm &yfaewJh bk&iffMuD;u vSrf;jrifoGm;w,f/ wpfa,mufwnf;

ysif;&Smayr,fhvkdY awG;jyD; rif;orD;uav;&dS&m qif;vmcJhw,f/

tem;a&mufwJhtcg bk&ifMuD;u rsm;pGm Muifemoem;wJh avoHeJY

]tvkyfvkdovm; rdef;uav;} vkdY ar;Munfhw,f/

][kwfuJh tvkyf vkdygw,f}

]aumif;vSayjyD rdef;uav;? ief;ausmif;wJh ]cyfcsif} rSm ulazmf

avmifzufvkdaewmeJY tawmfyJaygh/ rdef;uav; 'DrSm qufaecsif&ifawmh

ief;ausmif;oltjzpf aeEkdifygw,f}

'DvkdeJY rif;orD;av;[m ief;ausmif;oluav; jzpfoGm;awmhw,f/

aeYpOfaeYwkdif; cyfcsifeJYtwl ief;ausmif; &awmhwmaygh/

wpfzufrSm aumufuspfwJh &Ha&Gawmfuvnf; jrif;MuD; zvm'g

bk&ifMuD;ukd jzpfaMumif;ukefpif jyefajymrSm odyfpkd;&drf xdwfvefYaew,f/

xdwfveYfpdwf vGefuJvmwJhtcgusawmh jrif;MuD;&Jh acgif;udkjzwfypfzkdY

trdefYxkwfw,f/ rif;orD;av;[m olYjrif;MuD; zvm'gudk tifrwef

cspfw,f? jrwfEdk;w,f r[kwfvm;? 'Dawmh jrif;acgif;jywfMuD;ukd rpGefY

ypf&uffbl;/ pm;zdkaqmifft0ifwHcg;xdyfrSm csdwfxm;ay;zdkY ief;ausmif;buf

cyfcsifudk aoG;aqmifMunffhw,f/ cyfcsifuvnf; oabmwlvdkufw,f/

'gaMumifh pm;zdkaqmifxJu rif;orD;uav; xGufvmwJhtcsddefwdkif;

]zvm'ga&? ig b,folvJqdkwm rif; od&JUvm;} vdkY ar;cGifh&ae

wmaygh/

'Dvdkar;vdkkufwdkif; jrif;acgif;jywfMuD;u

]oif[m rif;orD;uav;aygh? oifhr,fawmfMuD;om ckvkd

tajctaersdK;awGudk jrifawGU&&if tonf;uGJrSm trSefyJ} vdkY pdwfraumif;

oHeJY jyefajymw,f/

wpfaeU cyfcsifeJYtwl ief;ausmif;aecdkuf rif;orD;uav;u

olYa&Ta&mifqHyifawGudk jzefYcsvdkufw,f/ a&Ta&mifqHyifawG[m cyfcsif

tjrifrSm odyfudk vSvGef;aew,f/ 'Dawmh a&Ta&mifqHyif wpfacGpm&atmif

cyfcsifu jzwf,lcsifw,f/ rif;orD;uav;u jzwf,lcGifh ray;bl;/


'Dawmh cyfcsif odyfpdwfqdk;oGm;w,f/ bk&ifMuD;qD csufcsif;ajy;jyD;

olr[mpkef;r jzpfygw,fvdkY wdkifMum;vdkufw,f/

bk&ifMuD;taeeJY pm;zdkaqmifwHcg;xdyfrSm csdwfxm;wJhpum;ajym

wwfwJh jrif;acgif;jywftaMumif;udkvnf; tawmfMumu Mum;zl;xm;cJhjyD/

ck rdef;uav;&JU a&Ta&mifqHyif tvStaMumif; xyfMum;&jyefjyD/ bm

oabmvJ/ bmt"dyÜg,fvJvdkY pOf;pm;Munfhw,f/ tajzray:wJhtwGuf

aemufaeYrSm ief;ausmif;olav;udk a&SUawmfarSmuf ta&mufqifhac:vdkuf

w,f/

ief;ausmif;oluav; a&mufvmwJhtcg xl;jcm;vSwJhtvSydkif&Sif

jzpfrSef;? tvGefusufoa&&SdrSef; wpfcPtwGif; odvdkkufwmrdkY bk&ifMuD;u

]rdef;uav;? rif;[m ief;ausmif;oluav; rjzpfEdkifygbl;uG,f?

rif; b,folvJ trSeftwdkif; ajymjyprf;yg} vdkY csdKcsdKomom ar;jref;

pHkprf;Munfhw,f/

]tdk uRefr bmrS rajymyg&apeJY? uRefr rajym&Jbl;? b,foludkrS

rajymygbl;vdkkY usdefqdkxm;&ygw,f? uRefr uwdzsuf&if uRefr towf

cH&ygvdrfhr,f}


]ig[m wpfwdkif;jynfvHk;&JU bk&ifyg rdef;uav;? b,folurS

rdef;uav;udk &effrjyKEdkifygbl;? ighudk tm;vHk;ajymjyyg? rdef;uav;udk ig

umuG,fay;yghr,f}

rif;orD;uav; bmvkyf&rvJ? pdwfnpfw,f? 0rf;enf;w,f?

&ifxJrSm vIdufzdkvmw,f? aemufqHk; ½IdufMuD;wiif idkcsrdvdkufw,f?

'DawmhrS &ifxJrSm tenf;i,f ayghyg;ovdkjzpfvmjyD;

]uRefr[m t&Sifrif;MuD;&JUom;awmfeJY vufxyf&r,fh rif;orD;

tppfyg? uRefr&JU &Ha&Gawmfu vufxyfcsifwmaMumifh uRefr t0wftpm;

awGudk t"r®,l0wffvdkufygw,f? jrif;yg vJpD;&ygw,f? 'DtaMumif;awGudk

jyefajym&if owfypfr,fvdkYvnf; jcdrf;ajcmufxm;ygw,f? 'DtaMumif;awGudk

uRefr r,fawmfMuD; Mum;od&&if tonf;uGJrSm trSefygyJ}

]aMomf 'Dvdkudk;? aumif;vSayjyD? aumif;vSayjyD? uJ bmrS pdk;&drf

aESmihfvdkY aMumifhMuraeeJY orD;awmf}

&Ha&Gawmfudk oHo,jzpfaecJhwmuvnf; MumjyDrdkY rif;orD;uav;

ajymjyorQudk bk&ifMuD; pdwfcsvufcs ,HkMunfoGm;w,f/ 'gaMumifh

ESpfodrfhtm;ay;jyD; eef;0wfeef;pm;awG qifjref;ay;apw,f/ jyD;rS om;awmfudk

ac:,lvdkufw,f/ aysmf½TifMunfEl;aewJ h vSvGef;wJh a½Trif;orD;udk jrifvdkuf

awmh rif;om;rSm cspfpdwf? jrwfEdk;pdwfawG csufcsif; ,dkzddwfvmw,f/

'DaeYrSmyJ olwdkY vufxyfvdkufMuw,f/

rif;orD; tppfuav;eJY rif;om; vufxyfyGJrdkY crf;em;xnf0gvSwJh

pm;aomufyGJMuD; wnfcif;auR;arG;w,f/ eef;awmfol? eef;awmfom;

tm;vHk;udk zdwfw,f/ wpfeef;awmfvHk; aysmf&Tifp&mawGtjynfhrdkY aysmfvdkYvnf;

rqHk;Mu? armfvdkYvnf;rqHk;Mu tkef;tkef;uRufuRufaygh/

aumufuspfwJh &Ha&Gawmfudkawmh oleJY xdkufwefpGmyJjyif;jyif;xefxef

'PfcwfjyD; jynfu ESifxkwfvdkufw,f/

rif;om;eJY rif;orD;av;[mvnf; aowpfyefoufwpfqHk;

aysmfaysmf½Tif½Tif MunfMunfEl;El;aexdkifoGm;Muw,f/n


iSufwHwm;iSufwHwm;iSufwHwm;iSufwHwm;iSufwHwm;

olaX;MuD; ]qef}rSm tifrwefvSwJh orD;uav;wpfa,muf&Sdw,f/'DorD;uav;[m rdef;uav;trsm;pk pdwf0ifpm;wmudk vHk;0 pdwfr0ifpm;bl;wJh/ olpdwf0ifpm;wmu &ufuef;&ufwJhtvkyfyJ/ ol[m aeYwdkif;yJwpfaeYukef&ufuef;&ufaewwfw,f/b,fvdk taMumif;eJYrS ol[m&ufuef;pifurcGmbl;/&ufuef;pifu cGmatmifvnf; b,fvdkrS MuHaqmifvdkkYr&bl;/

olaX;MuD; qef&JU cef;em;wJh&JwdkufMuD;em;rSm aumif;uifxJujzmqif;vmwJh prf;acsmif;wpfck &Sdaew,f/ 'Dprf;acsmif;xJrSm Mu,fawGvnf;a&qif;aomufMuw,f/ 'Dprf;acsmif;udk e*g;aiGUwef;vdkYvnf; trnfay;xm;Muao;w,f/

'Dprf;acsmif;ab;rSmawmh v,form;av;wpfa,mufu aeYpOfEGm;vmausmif;owJh/ EGm;ausmif;&if; prf;acsmif;ab;rSm xdkiftem;,lavh&Sdw,f/ tJ'Dvdk tem;,lwdkif; &Jwdkufjywif;em;rSm &ufuef;cwfaewJhrdef;rvSuav;udk jrif&w,f/ Mumawmh rdef;rvSuav;udk cspfvmrdw,f/vufxyfvdkpdwfawG ay:aygufvmw,f/

'DtcsdefrSm olaX;MuD; qefu ]orD;[m tdrfawmif&ufom;usjyD;jzpf&if aumif;r,f? 'grS wpfaeukef wpfaecef; &ufuef;rcwffawmhrSm}vdkYawG;rdaew,f/ 'DtawG;aMumifhyJ wpfaeYawmh ol[m orD;uav;udkv,form;av;eJY vufxyfay;vdkkufw,f/

tJ vufxyfjyD;rMumygbl;? orD; taetxm;u r,HkEdkifavmufatmif ajymif;vJoGm;awmhowJh / &ufuef;pifrSmxdkifzdkY tomxm;? &ufuef;pifudkawmif vHk;0 owdr&awmhbl;wJh/ bmtvkyfrSvJvkyfzdkY pdwfrul;awmhbl;wJh/ ol[m v,fuGif;awGxJrSm ysif;ysif;&d&deJY [dkavQmufvdkkuf?'DavQufvdkkuf wpfaeukefvkyfaeawmhowJh/

'Dtajcqdkufawmh zciffMuD; pdwfraumif;Edkifawmhbl;/ orD;tay:tjypfrwifcsifayr,fh oruftay:awmh tjypfwifcsifvmw,f/

]'Dvdkjzpf&wm olYcifyGef;tjypfyJ? ighorD; tysif;zufatmif earmferJhaexdkifwwfatmif? b,folYtwGufrS tusdK;r&Sdatmif ol oifjyxm;vdkkYjzpfr,f? tif; 'Dtwdkif;qufaeoGm;vdkYuawmh rjzpfacsbl;? olwdkYvifr,m;


b0 aumif;rGefwdk;wufatmif zefwD;rSjzpfawmhr,f? olwdkYESpfOD;udk twlrxm;bJ cGJxm;&if e*dktajctaeudk jyefa&mufoGm;Edkifw,f} vdkY awG;jyD;

]uJ ighoruf a[m[dk aiGa&mifprf;acsmif;&JU wpfzufrSm rif;wpfa,mufwnf; oGm;aeayawmh}vdkY trdefYay;vdkufw,f/

v,form;uav; odyfpdwfraumif; jzpfoGm;&Smw,f/'gayrJh trdefYudk remcHbJrae&Jbl;/

]uRefawmhf ZeD;rygyJ uRefawmf b,fvdk ae&xdkif&rSmvJAsm?uReffawmf ZeD;eJY b,fawmhrS rawGY&awmhbl;vm;} vdkY oem;pzG,feJY r0Hhr&Jar;Munfhw,f/

'Dawmh olaX;MuD; qefu]rifh ZeD;udk awGY&rSmyg? 'gayrJh wpfESpfrS wpfcgyJawGU&r,f? tJ'D

awGY&r,fhaeYuawmh ckepfMudrffajrmufv&JU ckESpf&ufnrSm jzpfw,f} vdkY&Sif;jyw,f/

]'gayrJh Mu,fawG&SdwJh aiGa&mifprf;acsmif;u us,fvnf; us,f?eufvnf;eufrdkU b,fvdkvkyf ul;jzwfrSmvJcifAsm}

]rylygeJYav? ig wHwm;xdk;ay;yghr,f} 'DvdkajymjyD; olaX;MuD; qefu urÇmay:rSm&SdwJh usD;iSuftm;vHk;udk

qifhac:vdkufw,f/ csufcsif;yJ awmifyHcwffoHawG qlqlnHnHeJY usD;iSufaxmifaygif;rsm;pGm a&mufvmMuw,f/ 'DusD;iSufawG[m udk,fcsif;quf?awmifyHhcsif;,SufjyD; prf;acsmif;ul;wHwm;tjzpf zefwD;ay;vdkufMuw,f/

cifyGef;onfuav; prf;acsmif;wpfzufudk oGm;&awmhr,f/roGm;cifcspfZeD;udk EIwfqufw,f/ cspfZeD;u cifyGef;onfudk vufvGwfqHk;½IH;vdkuf&jyDqdkwJhtawG;eJY aqG;jyD;w½Iyf½Iyff idkaMuG;ae&Smw,f/

tcsdefr&Sdawmhbl;/ cifyGef;onf[m usD;iSufwHwm;ay:avQmufjyD;wpfzufurf;ta&muf ul;cJh&jyD/ wpfzufurf;ay: ajccsrdwmeJY usD;iSufawGtm;vHk; t&yfav;rsufESmqD ysHxGufoGm;Muw,f/

tckawmh &ufuef;rif;orD;av;vnf; &ufuef;pifrSm jyefxdkifjyD;tvkyfudk MudK;Mud;pm;pm; vkyfaejyD/ v,form;uav;vnf; [dkpOfuvdkEGm;awG jyefausmif;ae&jyD/ olwdkYESpfOD;pvHk;[m ckepfMudrfajrmufv&JUnrSm jyefqHkqnf;zdkY ta&;uvGJjyD; wjcm;bmudkrS rawG;Muawmhbl;/wpfpwpfpeJY jyefqHkMur,fhtcsdef[m eD;eD;vmw,f/ tawG;udk,fpDeJYolwdkYESpfOD;pvHk; MunfEl;aysmfjrL;aeMuayr,fh pdwfylp&mtaMumif;wpfck&Sdaew,f/


rdk;oJoJrJrJ&GmrSmudk awG;rdjyD; pdwfylMuwmaygh/ aiGa&mifprf;acsmif;utjrJa&jynffhaewwfwm/ rdk;oJoJ&Gmvdkuf&if csufcsif;a&awG vQHawmhr,f/'Dvdkomqdk&if wHwm;xdk;ay;r,fh usD;iSufawG a&pD;rSm arsmygukefrSmyJ/

tif; awG;jyD;omylaewmyg/ wu,fawmh awG;xm;ovkdbmwpfckrSjzpfrvmygbl;/ ckepfMudrfajrmufv&JU ckepf&ufaeYn aumif;uifMuD;[m Munfvifom,m aew,f/ Mu,fawGpHkaew,f/ rdk;&Gmr,fh t&dyfta&mif vHk;0r&Sdbl;/

&ufuef;rif;orD;av;[m prf;acsmif;qD wrf;wrf;ww vSrf;arQmfMunfhaew,f/ 'DtcsdefrSmyJ aumif;uifxJrSm wdrfrnf;MuD;a&GUaewmudkjrifvdkuf&w,f/ tif; rdk;&Gmapr,fh wdrfwdkufrnf;MuD;awmh r[kwfbl;av/wHwm;cif;ay;r,fh usD;iSufwdrfrnf;xkMuD;aygh/

usD;iSufawG[m wHwm;cif;&r,fhae&mta&muf aysmfaysmf½Tif½Tif?jrefjrefqefqef ysHoef;vmaeMujyD/ wHwm;cif;jyD;oGm;wJhtcg &ufuef;rif;orD;uav; wpfzufurf;udk tjreful;oGm;w,f/ urf;wpfzuf vSrf;twufrSm cspfciffyGef;u 0rf;yef;wom qDMudKvdkufw,f/

rMumciftcsdeftwGif;rSm olwdkYarmifESH xyfrHcGJcGmMu&ayOD;r,f/cspfZeD;av;u &ufuef;pifrSm &ufuef;&ufzdkkY usD;iSufwHwm;udk jzwfjyef&ayOD;r,f/ 'DtcsdefrSm cifyGef;onf v,form;uav;u wHwm;ab;rSm&yfjyD;rjyefcsif jyefcsifeJY jyefoGm;&&SmwJh cspfZeD;uav;udk rsufpdwpfqHk;Munfhae&Smvdrfhr,f/

bmyJjzpfjzpfav? wHwm;cif;ay;&r,fhtcsdefa&mufwdkif; usD;iSufawGuawmh a&mufvmMuwmygyJwJh/

n


a&S;wkef;uwJhuG,fa&S;wkef;uwJhuG,fa&S;wkef;uwJhuG,fa&S;wkef;uwJhuG,fa&S;wkef;uwJhuG,f

[dk; a&S;a&S;wkef;u Am&mPoDjynfrSm jA[®'wfrif;MuD; tkyfpdk;cJhw,f/tavmif;awmf[m 'D jA[®'wfrif;MuD;&JU xD;arGeef;vsmudk qufcHr,fhom;awmftjzpf zGm;jrifvmcJhw,f/ om;awmfav;udk jA[®'wÅvdk k Ytrnfay;owJh/ om;awmf 16 ESpfom;t&G,f a&mufvmwJhtcgwuúodkvfjynfoGm;jyD; tVm&o 18 &yfudk oif,lwwfajrmufapcJhw,f/ crnf;awmfbk&m; ewf&GmpHwJhtcg 'Dom;awmfueef;arG qufcHcJhw,f/ 'Dbk&ifi,fuav;[m rif;usifhw&m; q,fyg;eJYtnD wdkif;jynfudk tkyfcsKyfcJhowJh/w&m;pD&if&mrSmvnf; t*wdw&m;av;yg; uif;w,f/ bk&ifudk,fawmfwdkifuvnf; tJ'Dvdkajzmifhajzmifhrwfrwf usifhMuHavawmh trwfMuD;awGuvnf;w&m;Oya'udk av;pm;Mu&awmhwmaygh/ trItcif;awGudk rSefrSefueffuef qHk;jzwfMu&awmhwmaygh/ trItcif;awGudk rSefrSefuefueff qHk;jzwfwJhtwGufaMumifhvnf; r[kwfrrSef vkyfMuHwdkifwef;wJh trIrsKd; ray:aygufawmhbl;/ tJ'Dvdk rIcif;awG yaysmufoGm;wJhtwGuf w&m;&Hk;awmfrSmw&m;pGJqdkrIawGvnf; r&Sdawmhbl;/ w&m;&Hk;awmfrSm w&m;olMuD;awGwpfaeukef xdkifMuayr,fh w&m;vdk wpfa,mufwpfavrS rvmvdkY w&m;rpD&if&bJ tcdsefukefawmh jyeffMu&owJh/ Mumawmh w&m;&Hk;udkawmifydwfxm;& ravmuf jzpfvmowJh/


rwfrwf tkyfcsKyfaewJhtwGufaMumifhawmhr[kwfEdkifbl;/ tckqdk&if trItcif;awG yaysmufjyD; w&m;½Hk;awmfvnf; pDpDnHnH rjzpfawmhbl;/ ydwfypf&rvdkawmifjzpfaejyD/ 'gaMumiffh ighrSm tjypf &Sdr&Sd pl;prf;qifjcif½kHom&Sdawmhw,f/ tu,fí igudk,fwdkifu wpfckck csdKU,Gif;aejyDqdk&ifvnf;jyKjyifwef jyKjyif&ayvdrfhr,f/ trSm;awGvnf; a&Smiff&Sm;jyD; aumif;atmifMudK;pm; avhusifh&rSmyJ/

'DtawG;eJY bk&ifi,f[m olYtjypfudk axmufjyr,fhvl&Smw,f/'gayrJh olYem;u vlawGxJrSmawmh tjypfaxmufjyr,fhvludk rawGY&bl;/olYudk csD;usL;MuwJholawGyJawGY&owJh/

'geJYolu xyfpOf;pm;jyefw,f/]tif; 'DvlawGighudkaMumufvdkYraumif;wmawGrajymbJ?aumif;wm

awGcsnf;ajymMuwm jzpfr,f}'gaMumifholUtjypfaxmufjyEdkifoludk eef;awmfjyifyrSmvdkuf&SmowJh/

'DvlawGxJrSm tjypf&Smr,fhol rawGYjyefbl;/ 'DvdkeJYyJaejynfawmftjyifbufqifajczHk;&yfuGufawGrSm jrdKUwcg;av;0rSm qufcgqufcg &Smw,f/tjypfaxmufjyrnffhol wpfa,mufrS rawGUbl;/ csD;usL;oHawGudkom Mum;jrJMum;&owJh/ 'gaMumifh awme,fawGxGuf&SmzdkY qHk;jzwfvdkufw,f/

tavmif;awmf bk&ifi,f[m wdkif;jynfudk trwfMuD;awGeJUvTJtyfxm;cJhjyD; jrif;&xm;eJY ½kyfzsufxGufcJhw,f/&xm;xdef;wpffa,mufawmh

'Dawmh tavmif;awmf bk&ifi,fu awG;owJh/w&m;½Hk;awmfudk trIonfwpfa,mufrS rvmjcif;[m ig ajzmifhajzmifh


ygvmwmaygh/ bk&ifi,f[m tjypfawmufjyr,fholudk awm&GmtESHY&Smw,f/rawGYbl;/ e,fpyftxdoGm;w,ff/ rawGYjyefbl;/ 'gaMumifh aemufqHk;awmhvufavQmhjyD; aejynfawmfudkom jyefvSnfhcJh&awmhowJh/

wpfcsdefwnf;rSm aumovwdkif;&JUbk&if rvd’um[m wdkif;jynfudkrif;usifhw&m;eJYtnD tkyfcsKyfaeowJh/ 'Dbk&ifvnf; olYtjypfudk &SmazGaecsdefjzpfw,f/ 'gayrJh olvnf; eef;awmfxJrSmawmh &SmawGYbl;wJh/ 'gaMumifhawme,fawGqif;jyD; olYtjypfaxmufjyEdkifoludk &Sm&mu rawGUvdkYjyeftvmtavmif;awmf&xm;eJY rwfapmufwJh vrf;usOf;uav;rSm rsufESmcsif;qdkifwdk;ygava&mwJh/

rvd’um bk&ifh&xm;xdef;u tavmif;wmf&JU &xm;xdef;udkvrf;z,fay;zdkYajymowJh/ tavmif;awmf &xm;xdeff;uvnf; ]toif&xm;xdef;? toifh&xm;uomz,fay;zdkY&Sdygw,f/ uREfkyf&xm;rSmAm&mPoDjynfh&Sif bk&ifjA[®'wÅ pD;eif;vkdufygawmfrlcJhw,f} vdkY jyefajymvdkufowJh/

'Dawmh wpfzuf&xm;xdeff;uvnf; ]toif&xm;xdef;? usKyf&xm;rSmvnf; aumovwdkif;&JUbk&if rvd’umvdkkufygawmfrlcJhwmyJ}vdkYqdkjyefw,f/

'DtcgrSm tavmif;awmf&JU &xm;xdef;u pOf;pm;owJh/]tif; [dkuvnf; bk&ifvdkYajymaeyguvm;? bmvkyf&&if aumif;

rvJ? tif; odjyD? odjyD? [dkbk&iftoufudk odatmifvkyf&r,f? toufi,fwJhbk&ifh&xm;u toufMuD;ol bk&ifh&xm;udk vrf;z,fay;ap&r,f}

pOf;pm;&wmeJY wpfzuf&xm;xdef;udk aumovbk&if toufvSrf;ar;w,f? 'Dawmh toufawGwlaewm odvdkuf&w,f? 'gaMumifhaumovbk&if aejynfawmftus,ft0ef;? ppfonf&Jrwfta&twGuf?csrf;omMuG,f0rI? xifay: ausmfMum;rItaMumif;? aumovwdkif;jynftaMumif;? Zmwf? bk&iffhrsdK;EG,frdom;pktxd qufcg qufcg pHkprf;w,f/tm;vHk;wlaeMujyefowJh/ bk&ifESpfyg;pvHk;&JU aejynfawmftus,ft0ef;[mrdkifudk;&mpD jzpfaeMuw,f/

'gaMumiffh tavmif;awmf&JU &xm;xdef;u]uJ tm;vHk;wlaerSawmh ydkrdkajzmifhrwfoludk vrf;z,fay;zdkYom

&Sdawmhw,f} vdkkY awG;rdjyD; wpfzuf&xm;xdef;udk ]oifhbk&ifrSm rnfuJhodkYaomajzmifhrwfrIrsdK; &SdygovJ} vdkY ar;vdkufowJh/


'Dawmh wpfzuf&xm;xdef;u olYbk&if rajzmifhrwfrIudk ajzmifhrwfrI

tjzpfjyoaMumfjimwJhtaeeJY uAsm&JU ywrydk'fudk &GwfqdkvdkufowJh/

tiftm;jzifh jydKifoludk

tiftm;wl tEdkif,lw,f

odrfarGUaysmhaysmif;oludk

odrfarGYaysmhaysmif;jcif;jzifhom?

aumif;oludk

aumif;jcif;jzifhom?

aumufuspfoludk

aumufuspfrIjzifhom?

bk&ifrv’dum

tEdkif,ljrJyg/

þonf

uREfkyfbk&if\ obm0ayyJ?

toif&xm;xdef;

a&Smifz,fwdrf;ygavmh/

'DvdkajzoHMum;vdkufawmh tavmif;awmf&JU &xm;xdef;u]aeygOD;?

oifhbk&if&JU ajzmifhrwfrI? aumif;jrwfrIu 'gtukefyJvm;}

]rSefygw,f}

]'gawG[m ajzmifhrwfrI? aumif;jrwfrIawGqdk&if rrSefueffrI?

qdk;,kwfrIawGua&m}

]tckk usKyfajymjyvdkufwmudk rrSefuefrI? qdk;,kwfrIawGvdkkY toif

rSwff,lcsifvnf; rSwf,laygh? uJ oifhbk&if&JU ajzmifhrwfrIeJU aumif;jrwfrIawG

ua&mAsm? ajymygOD;}

'Dtcg Am&mPoDjynfh&Siff &xm;xdef;u wpfzuf &xm;xdeff;Mum;

atmif 'kwd,ydk'fudk &GwfjyowJh/


uREfkyf\t&Sif bk&ifjA[®'wåonfa'goudk wnfjidrfjcif;jzifhomaumufuspfrIudk ajzmifhrSefjcif;jzifhomap;ESJoludk ay;urf;jcif;jzifhomrkom;udk opömjzifhomudkk,fhbufygatmifpGrf;aqmifjrJrdkYtdk toif&xm;xdef;a&Smifz,fwdrf;ygavmh/

tavmif;awmf&JU &xm;xdef;jyeffajymoHtMum;rSm rvd’umbk&ifeJY&xm;xdef; ESpfOD;pvHk; &xm;ay:u qif;vdkufMujyD; jrif;awGudkjzKwf?&xm;udk a&TUay;vdkufMuowJh/

n


tJ'D jA[®'wfrif;MuD;[m tifrwef pum;rsm;owJh / rif;MuD;

pum;ajymrSjzifh ab;vl0ifajymcGifhudk r&Edkifawmhbl;/ 'Dpum;rsm;wJha&m*gudk

aysmufatmifukzdkY tavmif;awmftrwfu tjrJrjywf MuHpnfawG;qaecJh

owJh/

'DvdkawG;qaewJhtcsdefrSmyJ [dr0EÅmawmifu a&uefwpfckxJrSm

vdyfMuD;wpfaumif&SdaeowJh/ 'Da&uefrSm awmbJESpfaumifuvmjyD; tpm

&Smpm;avh&Sdw,f/ Mumawmh vdyfMuD;eJY awmbJESpfaumif[m rdwfaqGawG

jzpffoGm;Mua&mwJh/ w&if;wESD; jzpfoGm;MujyD;wJhaemufydkif; wpfaeYusawmh

awmmbJESpfaumifu vdyfMuD;udk ajymMuowJh/

]taqGvdyfMuD;? uREffkyfwdkYaexdkif&m [dr0EÅma'ou]tvSawmif}

rSm&SdwJh ]a½T*l}[mjzifh tiffrwefYudk ESpfjcdKufaysmfydkufp&m aumif;w,f?

taqGvdkufvnffygvm;Asm}

]vnfcsifjyDvm; rdwfaqGav;wdkY&,f? 'gayrJh b,fvdkvkyfjyD; usKyf

oGm;EdkifrSmvJAs}

]tdk 'DtwGuf rylygeJY?uREfkyfwdkY ac:oGm;yghr,f? wpfckyJowdxm;Asm?

vrf;rSmb,folYudkrS pum;rajymbJ yg;pyfydwfxm;? b,fhES,fjzpfEdkifyghrvm;

taqGvdyfMuD;}

][mAsm? 'Davmufuawmh rjzpfEdkifffp&m bm&SdovJ? jzpfEdkifwmaygh?

uJ usKyffudkom ac:ayawmh}

'Dawmh awmbJESpfaumiffu wkwfwpfacsmif; vdkuf&SmMuw,f/

&vmwJhtcg vdyfMuD;udk wkwf&JUtv,frSm udkufapvdkufw,f/ olwdkkY

ESpfaumifuawmh wkwftpGeff;wpfzufpDrSm udkufxm;vdkufMujyD;wpfjydKifwnf;

avxJrSm ysHwufvdkufMuowJh/

vdyfMuD;udk wkwftv,frSmudkufapjyD; tJ'Dvdkk tawmfMumatmif

ysHoef;oGm;rdwJhtcg atmufu &Gmom;tcsdKUu olwdkYoHk;OD;udk vSrf;jrifvdkkuf

owJh/ &Gmom;awGu tHhMowMuD;eJY ]a[h a[h? [dkrSm [dkrSm? MunfhvdkkufMuprf;?

MunfhvdkufMuprf;? bJESpfaumifu vdyfMuD;wpfaumifudk wkwfrSm udkufcdkif;

xm;jyD; csDoGm;w,fa[h} vdkY atmf[pfajymqdkMuowJh? &Gmom;awG atmfajym

oHudk vdyfMuD;Mum;awmh]atmifr,f? ighrdwfaqGawGu b,fvdk csDoGm; csDoGm;

aygh[Jh? 'if;wdkYtyl wpfjym;om;rS rygbl;? [if; bmr[kwfwJh uReffpkwf


awGursm; olwdkYtylusaewmyJ} vdkY jyefyufvdkufcsifwm yg;pyfudk ,m;ae

owJh/

vdyfMuD;udk tJ'Dvdk o,faqmifoGm;aecsdefrSm avuvnf; wtm;

wdkufaew,f/ 'gaMumifh &Gmom;awG ajymoHMum;jyD;wJhaemuf rMumcifuav;

rSmyJ Am&mPoDjynfh&Siff jA[®'wfrif;MuD;&JU eef;awmfay: a&mufvmMuyg

ava&m/ 'Dae&ma&mufvmawmh yg;pyf,m;aewJhvdyfMuD;vnf;jyefyufcsif

pdwfudk rrsdKodyfEdkif jzpfvmawmhowJh/ 'geJY ajymcsifwmajymzdkY yg;pyfudkt[

wkwfuae vGwfoGm;jyD; jyKwfusygava&m/ jyKwfusvmwJhvdyfMuD;[m

eef;awmfa&SU uGufvyfxJvmusowJh/ ajrjyifeJUtxdrSm jAef;ceJ vdyfMuD;

ESpfjcrf; uGJxGufoGm;awmhowJh/

jzpfcsifawmh'DtcsdefrSmyJ jA[®'wfrif;MuD;[m tavmif;awmftrwfeJY

twl eef;awmfudkjyefMuGvmcJhw,f/ 'gaMumifh vdyfMuD;jzpftifudk rsufjriff

udk,fawGY jrifvdkkuf&wmaygh/ 'geJY rif;MuD;u tavmif;awmfftrwfudk

]q&mt&Sif? 'DvddyfMuD; b,fvdkvkyf 'Dae&mrSmvmus&ygovJ}vdkY ar;vdkuf

owJh/ 'Dawmhtavmif;awmfu tif; 'Dbk&ifudk oifcef;pmay;zdkY MuHpnf

awG;qcJhwmMumjyD? ckrSyJ ay:vmayawmhw,f/ trSefawmh 'DvdyfMuD;[m

awmbJESpfaumifudk taqGcifyGef; zGJUvdrffhr,f/ taqGcifyGef;awGu olYudk

wkwfrSm udkufxm;apjyD; [dr0EÅmawmif ta&muf ac:aqmifoGm;wm

jzpfr,f/ tif; 'gayrJh vdyfMuD;crsm ajrjyifu wpfpHkwpfa,mufajymoHudk

Mum;awmh jyefajymcsifpdwfudk rrsdKodyfEdkifjzpfvmvdkY jyefajymzdkYyg;pyft[

wkwfuae vGwfxGufoGm;jyD; ajrjyifay:us? ckvdk taoqdk;eJY b0

qHk;oGm;&wmjzpfr,fvdkY woDwwef; awG;MunfhvdkkufjyD; rif;MuD;&JU tar;

udk jyefajzvdkufowJh/

]t&Sifrif;MuD;? pum;rjywff w&pyfajymolrsm;udk ]avtdk;}vdkY

orkwfMu½dk;xHkk;pH&Sdygw,f? trSefawmh avtdk; rSeforQ 'Dvdk 0rf;enf;p&m

tjzpfrsdK;eJY ed*Hk;csKyf&jzpfygw,f t&Sifrif;MuD;}

tJ'Dvdk avQmufwiftjyD;rSm tavmif;awmftrwfu atmufyg

vuFmav;ESpfyk'fudk &GwfqdkowJh/

]wkwfudkufxm;vnf;

wm;r&wJh qE´aMumifh


vdyfMuD;b0oYludk,fol owfjzwf&jyD/pum;wpfvHk;'Pftouf;qHk;onftxd'if;cH&avjyD?tdk t&Sifvdyfjzpftifudkjrifatmif ½Iygavmh/aMumif;rJh a[mh&rf;EIwfrMurf;ESifh/ynm ESpfom;yg pum;udktpOfqdkavmh tdk t&Sif/tdk t&Sifpum;rQif rjywfw&pyfajymonhfvdyf&ifxdyfp&m tjzpfqdk;uJjyD;aoyGJ0ifcJhyHkrsufjrifMuHKjyD r[kwfwHkavm/olYudk apmif;csdwfjyD; wD;wdk;a&&GwfaerSef; bk&ifu&dyfpm;rdoGm;w,f/

'gaMumifh ]q&m t&Sif/ udk,fawmfjrwfudkrsm; ajymaewmvm;AsmwdkY}vdkYar;vdkufjyefowJh/

'DawmhrS tavmif;awmftrwfuvnf; ]bkef;awmfMuD;jrwfawmfrlaom t&Sifrif;MuD;? t&Sifrif;MuD;yJjzpfap? wjcm;b,folyJjzpfap?twdkif;twmrJh EIwffo&rf;vGef;&if 'DvdyfMuD; tjzpfqdk;eJYwdk;yHktwdkif; wdk;&rSmtrSefjzpfygawmhw,f}vdkY yGifhyGifhvif;vif; avQmufwifvdkufowJh/

tJ'DaeYupjyD; jA[®'wfrif;MuD;vnf; pum;t&mrSm csKyfwnf;cJhvdkYpum;enf;olwpfOD; jzpfvmawmhw,f/

n


tcspfzefvHk;uav;tcspfzefvHk;uav;tcspfzefvHk;uav;tcspfzefvHk;uav;tcspfzefvHk;uav;

[dk; a&S;tcgu AD,uferf e,fao;av;wpfckudk tkyfcsKyf&wJh e,fcsKyf]ik,ifvDwD;}qdkwJhol &SdcJhw,f/ol[m jrpfurf;yg;ay:u &JwdkufvdktdrfMuD;rSmZeD; &ef? orD;i,f erfwdkYeJU twlaew,f/

orD;uav; erf i,fi,fwkef;uawmh jcH0if;MuD;xJrSmyJ ae&mtESHUaqmhupm;cJhw,f/ 'gayrJh arQmfpifMuD;ay:u tcef;uav;udk tMudKufqHk;yJ/tJ'D tcef;uav;uae [dkta0;u jrpfudk jrifEdkifw,f/ jrpfwGif;rSmavSawG xufatmuf pkefqefoGm;vmaeMuwmudk MunfhjyD; erfuav;odyfaysmfw,f/ 'gaMumifhvnf; rdbESpfyg;eJYcGJjyD; tdyfEdkifwJht&G,fa&mufvmwJhtcg erfu 'DarQmfpifay:u tcef;udkyJ a&G;vdkufw,faygh/ ol[mtcef; jywif;uae jrpfbufvSrf;rMunfhrdwJhtcgrsm;rSm wpfaeukefpmzwfw,f/ Zmyef;xdk;w,f/

wpfreufrSmawmh jrpfbufuysHUvGifhvmwJh oDcsif;oHuav;udkerfMum;&w,f/ xjyD; jywif;aygufu vSrf;MunfhvdkufwJhtcg avSwpfpif;eJYwHigonfuav;udk jrifw,f/csufcsif;yJ ol&ifckefvmw,f/toHaumif;wJhwHigonfuav;udk ol cspfrdoGm;jyDqdkwm em;vnfvdkufw,ff/ rsufESmudkrjrif&ayr,fh toHaumif;wJhtwGuf ½kyfvnf;vSr,fvdkY ol wGufrdw,f/'gaMumifh aemufykdif;&ufrsm;rSm jywif;aygufuvSrf;jyD; jrpfbufudk erfuav; ai;arQmfwwfjyDaygh/

cgwdkif;&ufrsm;rSmvdkyJ wpfreufrSm erfu jrpfbufarQmfai;aew,f/'gayrJh olYcspfol avSi,f&SifwHigonfuav;u ay:rvmbl;/onf;cHqufapmifhayr,fh wpfywfMumoGm;wJhtxd ay:rvmbl;/ erfuav;EGrf;vs vGrf;aqG;ae&jyD/ pdwfaxmif;udk,faMujzpf&jyD/ wpfp wpfpeJYaexdkifraumif;jzpfvmw,f/ Mumvmawmhtpmvnf; rpm;awmhbl;/'Dawmh txdef;awmfuav;u odyf pdwfylyifvmjyD; zcif e,fcsKyfMuD;qDoGm;taMumif;Mum;vdkufw,f/


taMumif;pHkod&wJhtcg e,fcsKyfMuD;u wHigonfuav;udk&SmzdkYtapcHawGudk vTwfw,f/ wHigonfuav;udk &Gmwpf&GmrSm awGYMuw,f/olYemrnfu ]wef}wJh/ tapcHawGu wefudk tusdK;taMumif;ajymjyjyD;ac:vmcJhMuw,f/ a&mufvmwJhtcg zcif e,fcsKyfMuD;u orD;erf&JUtaMumif;awG ajymjyjyD; wefudk arQmfpifay:utcef;xJac:vmcJhw,f/tcef;xJa&mufwJhtcg wefu oDcsif;wpfyk'f oDqdkvdkufw,f/ oDcsif;oHav;Mum;vdkufawmh erf uav; vIyfvmw,f/ &ifckefvmw,f/ &Suf&GHUwJhtrlt&muav;awG ay:vmw,f/

'DtcsdefrSmyJ zcifMuD;u]orD;uav; erf? ol[m wHigonf wefyJ? orD;cspfw,fqdkwJh

oli,fyJaygh} vdkdkY rdwfqufay;vdkufwJhtcg erfu wefudk pl;pdkkufMunfhvdkufw,f/ wefu erfhqD cyfjznf;jznf;avQmufoGm;w,f/ tif; v,fvdkygvdrfh? erfh rsufESmraumif;ygvm;? aMumuf&GHUaeovdkyJ/ rauseyfwJhyHkyJ/olxifxm;oavmuf wefu rvSvdkYvm;/ Munfh&if; Munfh&if; erfhtrlt&mawGysufvmw,f/ rsufESmudk vuf0g;eJY tkyfvdkufw,f/ pdwfrxdef;EdkifawmhwJh yHkrsdK;eJY

]rcspfbl;? rcspfbl;? olYudk orD; vHk;vHk;rcspfbl;? jyefac:oGm;yg?jrefjrefac:oGm;Muprf;yg}vdkY atmf[pf armif;ESifvTwfw,f/

wefpdwfysufoGm;w,f/tm;i,foGm;w,f/cPwmuav;jrifcGifh&ayr,fh erf[m xl;xl;jcm;jcm; vSyaevdkkY ol tonf;epfatmif cspfrdw,f/ 'gayrJh ckawmh weftwGuf arQmfvifhcsufvHk;vHk; r&Sdawmhbl;/


&Gmjyefta&mufrSm wefwpfa,muf Akef;Akef;vJawmhw,f/ rMumcif

aoqHk;oGm;w,f/ arSmif&DysdK;ptcsdefrSm wefYtavmif;udkajrjr§Kyfoj*ØK[f

vdkufMuw,f/aemufwpfaeYreuf wef&JUrdom;pk tdrfjyefa&mufMuwJhtcg

xdyfydkif;u zefeJYwlwJh ausmufrsufwpfvHk;udk awGYMu&w,f/ 'Dausmufrsuf

wHk;uav;udk olwdkYu e,fcsKyfMuD;qD ydkYay;vdkkufw,f/ e,fcsKyfMuD;u

]'g[m tcspfzefvHk;uav;jzpfw,f}vdkY ajymjyjyD; vufzuf&nfwpfyef;uef

,lcJhzdkY cdkif;vdkufw,f/ e,fcsKyfMuD;u vufzuf&nfyef;uefxJzefvHk;uav;

xnfhvdkufwJhtcg vufzuf&nfyef;uefxJrSm avSuav;udk auGYywf

avSmfcwfaewJh wHigonfuav;yHk&dyf ay:vmw,f/

'Dawmh e,fcsKyfMuD;u

]olaoqHk;jyD;wJh aemufydkif;rSmawmif oleJYqdkifwJh tcspfzefvHk;uav;

[m ruGJrysufbl;/ tcspfaMuG; rajyao;oa&GU e*dkrl&if;twdkif; wnf&Sd

aewwfw,f} vdkY &Sif;jyw,f/

i,f&G,fol armifESHpHk&JU tcspf[m b0a[mif;uwnf;u pwnfcJhw,f/

zdkeJYr cspfMuNyDqdk&ifvnf; olwdkYESpfOD;[m aemifb0txd twlwGJaeEdkif

Muw,fvdkY AD,uferfawGu ,HkMunfMuw,ff/

vufzuf&nfyef;uefxJu yHk&dyfudk erfjrifwJhtcg ol bmawG

vkyfcJhrdaMumif; odoGm;w,f/ wu,fawmh wef&JUtcspfudk&atmif,lNyD;

olYtcspfudkawmh wefudk jyefray;cJhbll;/ 'gaMumihf tck olbmvkyf&r,f

qdkwmem;vnfvdkufw,f/

erf[m vufzuf&nfyef;uefuav;udk olwpfOD;wnff;aexdkif&m

arQmfpifay:u tcef;xJ,loGm;w,f/ tcef;xJa&mufawmh ukvm;xdkifrSmxdkif?

aygifay:rSm yef;uefuav;wifNyD; ½IdufBuD;wiif idkawmhw,f/ 'Dawmh

rsuf&nfaygufMuD;awGu yef;uefxJusoGm;w,f/ rsuf&nfeJY xdawGU

vdkufw,fqdk&ifyJ tcspfzefvHk;uav;[mwjznf;jznf; t&nfaysmfoGm;w,f/

rMumcifrSmyJ t&nfb0 ajymif;oGm;awmhw,f/ wpfcsdefwnf;rSm erfuav;

[mvnf; xdkifae&if;u toufxGufoGm;awmhw,fwJhuG,f/

erfeJY wef aemifb0rSm twlaeMu&NyDaygh/

n


bk&ifajr§mufpm;wJh [m&Dqmrefbk&ifajr§mufpm;wJh [m&Dqmrefbk&ifajr§mufpm;wJh [m&Dqmrefbk&ifajr§mufpm;wJh [m&Dqmrefbk&ifajr§mufpm;wJh [m&Dqmref

[dk; a&S;tcgu &Gmwpf&GmrSm ][m&Dqmref} qkdwJh jA[®PwpfOD; &SdcJhw,f/ol[m qif;&Jw,f/ rdkufrJw,f/ t&ifb0wkef;u aumufuspfpOf;vJcJhvdkYckb0rSm ukodkvfuH tusKd;ay;raumif;bl;/ tvkyftudkifrJhb0 a&mufae&w,f/ 'DtxJ om;orD;awGu rsm;ao;owJh/ 'gaMumihf ol[m rdom;pkeJYtwl vSnfhvnfoGm;vmNyD; awmif;&rf;pm;aomufae&w,f/ tJ'DvdkvSnhfvnffoGm;vmae&mu wpfcgusawmh olwdkY[m NrdKUBuD;wpfNrdKUudka&mufoGm;MuowJh/ uHtm;avsmfpGmyJ olwdkYrdom;pktm;vHk; tJ'DNrdKUuolaX;BuD; plV'wåtdrfrSm tvkyf&Muw,f/ om;ESpfa,mufu olaX;BuD;&JUEGm;awGeJY ypönf;ypö,awGudk xdef;ausmif;wJhtvkyf&w,ff/ olYrdef;ruawmhtapcHaygh/ oluawmh olaX;BuD;&JU tdrfapmihftjzpfeJY olaX;BuD;tdrfem;rSmyJ ae&owJh/

wpfaeYawmh olaX;BuD; plV'wå&JUorD; r*Fvm{nhfcHyGJusif;yw,f/'DyGJudk owdkYom; rdwfaqGoli,fcsif;awG? taysmfusL;olawG trsm;tjym;wufa&mufMuowJh/ [m&Dqmrefuvnf; tiff; 'DaeYawmh qDOD;axmywfawG?tom;awG? t&omxl;wJh tpm;tpmawG tefxGufatmifpm;&awmhrSmyJvdkYxifxm;owJh/ olaX;BuD;tdrfrSm tvkyfvkyfMuwJh olwdkYrdom;pkvnf;olYvdkpm;&rSm trSefyJvdkY xGufxm;vkdufw,f/ ol[m tJ'Dvkd w0wNyJpm;zdkYjyifxm; arQmfvihfxm;ayr,fh wu,fwrf;usawmh olYudk b,folrSowdr&Mubl;wJh/ 'gaMumihf 'DyGJrSm ol bmrS rpm;vdkuf&bl;/ tawmhfudkatmihfoufouff jzpfoGm;owJh/ pdwfvnf;emoGm;owJh/ nusawmhemusnf;pdwf rukefEdkifao;bJ olYrdef;rudk ajymw,f/

][if;? ig qiff;&JvdkY rdkufvdkY ckvdkrav;rpm; qufqHcH&wm?'Dawmhy&d,m,foHk;NyD; arSmfynmwwfwJhyHk ig[efaqmiffr,f/ 'grS plV'wåolaX;&JU tav;pm;cHyk*¾dKvfjzpfvmr,f? uJ tcgtcGifhapmihfNyD; ig arSmfynmwwfwJhtaMumif; olaX;BuD;odatmif vkyfayawmh}

[m&Dqmref[m olYpum;udk jyefpOf;pm;&if;u wpfp wpfpnOfheufvmw,f/ vlawGtm;vHk; tdyfarmusukefNyDjzpfayr,fh ol rtdyfEdkifao;bl;/ tBuH&Sdaewmudk;/ tawmfudk nOfheufvmawmh ol[m olaX;BuD;


orufpD;wJh jrif;udk xcdk;awmhowJh/ ol[m jrif;udktawmfa0;wJh wpfae&mxd

,loGm;NyD; 0Sufxm;vdkufw,f/ NyD;rS cyfwnfwnfeJY tdyfaeowJh/ tJ reuf

vif;awmh jrif;aysmufrSef; wpftdrfvHk;odoGm;Muwmaygh/ 'geJY ae&mtESHYtjym;

vdkuf&SmMuw,f/ rawGUbl;/ olaX;BuD; plV'wåtwGufvnf; 'g[m

raumif;wJh twdwfedrdwfrdkY pdwfraumif;jzpfoGm;owJh/ 'gayrJh jrif;udkawmh

BudK;pm;&Sm&ao;wmaygh? 'DtcsdefrSm [m&Dqmref&JU rdef;ru olaX;BuD;qD

a&mufvmNyD; ]uRefr cifyGef;[m ynm&Sifjzpfygw,f? eu©wfeJY arSmfynmrSm

txl;uRrf;usifESHYpyfygw,f/ ol[m aysmufoGm;wJh jrif;ukd jyef&atmif

a[may;Ekdifr,f xifygw,f? olYudk olaX;BuD; bmaMumihf ar;rMunhfwmvJ/

ar;Munhf&if aumif;r,fxiffygw,f} vdkY wkdufwGeff;ajymqdkowJh/ 'Dawmh

plV'wåolaX;BuD;u [m&Dqmrefudk csufcsif;tac:vTwfvdkufNyD; ar;awmh

wmaygh/ tJ'Dvdkar;awmh [m&Dqmrefu ]tif; raeYuawmh usKyfudk

arhaeMuw,f? uaeY jrif;aysmufoGm;rSyJ owd&Muovm;} vdkY cyffaxhaxh

ajymvdkufowJh/ 'Dawmh plV'wåu ][kwfw,fAsm? cifAsm;udk uRefawmf

arhoGm;w,f? cGihfvGTwfyg} vdkY rsufajypum; ajym&awmhwmaygh/ NyD;rS

jrif;olcdk;udk azmfxkwfay;zdkY awmif;yefvdkufowJh/ 'DtcgrSm [m&Ddqmrefu

vkyfBuHzefwD;xm;wJh r[kwfw½kwfyHkawG trsKd;rsKd;qGJNyD; ]jrif;udk olcdk;awGu

'Dae&m&JU awmifbuf e,fpyfwpfae&mrSm 0Sufxm;w,f? ck tJ'Dae&mrSm

&Sdaewkef;yJ? rMumcif ydka0;wJhae&mudk a&TUMuvdrfhr,f? olwdkY a&TUroGm;cif

jrefjrefoGm;,lvdkufyg? aeawmif0ifawmhr,f? tcsdefodyfr&Sdawmhbl;/ jrefjref

om oGm;Muayawmh} vdkY a[mvdkufowJh/

a[mNyD;wmeJY wNydKifwnf; olaX;BuD;&JUvlawGu tajy;tvTm;

xGufoGm;Muw,f/ ajymvdkufwJhae&mrSm jrif;udk wef;awGUw,f/ olwdkY[m

jrif;udk,lNyD; jyefvmcJhMuawmh [m&Dqmref&JU ynmpGrf;udk csD;rGrf;rukef

jzpfMuowJh/ 'DaeYupNyD; [m&Dqmrefudk ynm&SdBuD;tjzpfeJY tm;vHk;u

*kPfjyKMuw,f/ [m&Dqmrefuvnf; olaX;BuD; plV'wå&JU *kPfjyKcH&if;

aysmfaysmf&Tif&Tif qufaevmawmhowJh/

'DvdkeJY &ufawGtawmfMumoGm;NyD;wJhaemufykdif; wpfaeYrSm bk&ifh

eef;awmfxJu a&T aiG vuf0wf&wem tajrmuftjrm; tckd;cHvdkuf&owJh/

olcdk;udkvnf;rod? rrdavawmh bk&ifBuD;u [m&Dqmrefudk tjrefqkH;vmzdkY

qifhac:vdkufw,f/ bk&ifBuD;xHa&mufwJhtcg pOf;pm;csdef&atmifvdkY


]eufjzefrSa[myghr,f t&Sifrif;BuD;} vdkY avQmufowJh/ 'Dawmh bk&ifBuD;uolYukd tcef;wpfcef;xJxnfhNyD; tapmifhta&SmufawGcsxm;w,f/ [m&Dqmref 0rf;enf;yufvuf jzpf&NyDaygh/ ynm&Sda,mifaqmifcJhrdaywmukd;/

'gayrJh uHrsm;aumif;csifawmheef;awmfrSm ]ZD0}qdkwJh tysKdawmfav;wpfyg; &SdowJh/ ZD0qdkwm

wpfenf;tm;jzifh vQmvdkY t"dyÜm,fxGufw,f/ wu,fawmh 'DtysKdawmfuav;uyJ olYtpfukd tultnDeJY &wemawGcdk;cJhwm tysKdawmfuav;[m[m&Dqmref&JU ynmpGrf;udkvnf; Mum;zl;xm;? odzl;xm;avawmh odyfukdvefYaeawmhwmaygh? wpfcsdefvkH; wkefvIyfacsmufcsm;aeawmhowJh/ nusawmhpdwfNidrfatmifukd rxdef;EdkifawmhvdkY [m&Dqmrefukdxm;wJh tcrf;tem;wdwfwdwfuav;oGm;NyD; tcef;wHcg;rSm em;uyfaxmifvdkufowJh/[m&Dqmref bmawGajymaew,fqkdwm od&atmifaygh/ 'Dvdkacsmif;em;axmifcdkuf [m&Dqmrefuvnf; ynm&SifBuD;jzpfw,fvdkY tajcmufwkduf<um;vkH;xkwfcJhwJh olYvQmudk jypfwifrqkH; jzpfaeowJh/

][if vQm&JU vdkcsifOD;[Jh? aumufuspfvSwJh vQmawmh rMumciftjypf'Pf cH&awmhrSmygvm;aemf} wHcg;em; uyfem;axmifaewJh ZD0u[m&Dqmref ajymaeoHawGukd aumif;aumif;BuD; Mum;ae&w,f/em;axmif&if; aMumufvmw,f/ 'Dynm&SifBuD;uawmh ightaMumif;awGodaeNyDvdkY awG;xifrdNyD; wqwfqwfwkefvmw,f/ aemufqkH;awmhZD0[m taMumufvGefNyD; [m&Dqmref&Sd&m tcef;xJta&muf BudK;pm;0ifoGm;w,f/tcef;xJa&mufwJhtcg wu,fharSmfq&mBuD;tjzpf xifrSwfxm;wJh[m&Dqmref&JU ajctpkHukd OD;cdkufxm;awmhowJh/ OD;cdkuf&if;vnf;]t&SifjA[®P

bk&ifh&wemrsm;ukd cdk;,lrdwJh uRefr ZD0[m 'Dae&mrSm a&mufcJh&ygNyD?

uRefr[m &wemawGukd ckd;,lNyD;taemufO,smOffawmxJu ovJyifatmuf

rSm jr§Kyfxm;ygw,f? t&SifjA[®PxHrSm tvkH;pkH 0efcHNyD;NyDrdkY uRefrukd

csrf;omay;ygawmh? a[m'D uRefrykdifwJh a&Ttenf;i,fudkvnf; oem;ojzifh

vufcHyg t&SifjA[®P} vdkY toem;cHawmhowJh/

ZD0 ajymjywmukd Nidrfem;axmifNyD;wJhaemuf [m&Dqmrefu 0Hh0Hh

<um;<um;eJY NyHK;NyHK;BuD; ajymvkdufowJh/

]aumif;vSygNyD? uJ oGm;aya&mh? trSefawmh tm;vkH;ukd ig odNyD;

jzpfayw,f? ig[m twdwf ypöKyÜef tem*wfqdkwJh umvokH;yg;udkvnf;


odw,f? bmyJjzpfjzpfav ckudpörSmawmh rif;tay: tjypfykHrcsygbl;?rif;uvJ ightumtuG,fukd awmif;cHxm;wJh oem;p&m owå0gruav;jzpfaerSukd;uG,f}

tysKdawmfuav;[m olajymorQ ,kHMunfpdwfcsNyD; cyfoGufoGufjyefxGufoGm;owJh/ 'DawmhrS [m&Dqmref[m olYb0&JU qef;Mu,fykHukdwtHwMo pOf;pm;&if;u ]tif; tm;upm;rSm jzpfwwfwJhoabmtwkdif;ygyJuvm;? uHMur®mu rjzpfEdkifwmawGudk jzpfvmatmif zefwD;ay;wwfw,f? ab;tEÅ&m,feJY tifrwefukd eD;uyfaewJh ckvdk tcsdefrsKd;rSmvGwfajrmufEdkifr,fh tcGifhta&;ay:vmvdrfhr,fvdkY b,folawG;rdrSmvJ?ckyJMunfhav? igu ighvQmudk tjypfwifaecsdefrSm olckd;r rdvQmu ighajc&if; csufcsif; 0yfqif;vm&w,f? trSefawmh vQdKU0SufusL;vGefxm;wJh&mZ0wfrIrSeforQ aMumufpdwfaMumifh ay:&wmcsnf;yJ jzpfw,f} vdkYtajzxkwfvdkufowJh/

tJ'Dvdk olYb0taMumif; jyefawG;&if; 'Dtcef;xJrSm aysmfaysmf&Tif&TifeJYwpfnwmtcsdefukdukefvGefapvdkufw,f/ reufusawmh ol[moda,mifum;vkyfNyD; bk&ifBuD;ukd O,smOfawmfxJ ac:cJhw,f/ &wemawGjr§Kyfxm;&movJyifatmufukd OD;wnfavQmufvmw,f/ ol[m ae&mudkjyNyD;&wemtcsdKUukdawmh olcdk;u ,loGm;NyDjzpfw,fvdkY ajymvkdufw,f/

ajymwJhtwkdif; wl;MunfhwJhtcg &wemawGudk jyefawGUw,f/ bk&ifBuD; odyfauseyfawmfrloGm;vdkU &GmawGu aumufcH&&SdwJh tcGefawmfaiGawG ay;oem;awmff rlvdkufowJh/


bk&ifBuD; b,favmufyJtm;&auseyfayr,fh ]'Dzemeif} trnf&SdwJhtrwfBuD;wpfa,mufuawmh vkH;0 rauseyfwJhtjyif [m&Dqmreftay:oHo,awmif 0ifowJh/ 'geJY bk&ifem;uyfoGm;NyD; ]arSmfynm&yfqdkif&musrf;awGudk ravhvmbJ vlawGykdifqkdifEdkifwJhtpGrf;rsKd;ukd b,fvdkvkyfNyD;vlom;wpfOD;u ydkifqdkifEdkifrSmvJ t&Sifrif;BuD;? ckudpöu olcdk;awGeJYvQdKU0SufqufoG,fNyD; aiG&zdkY ,kwåd&Sd&Sd vdrfnmvkdufjcif;omjzpfaMumif;txyfxyfawG;rdzdkY oifhvSygw,f? 'Dawmh y&d,m,fwpfrsKd;okH;NyD; xyfrHprf;oyfMunfh&if aumif;r,fxifygw,f} vdkY tBuHay;vkdufowJh/

'Dawmh bk&ifBuD;u zm;av;wpfaumi;fxnfhxm;wJh tkd;wpfvkH;ukdtzkH;ydwfNyD; ,lvmzdkY pdwfvdkvuf& ckdif;vdkufw,f/ tkd; a&SUawmfarSmufa&mufwJhtcg ]uJ jA[®P? 'Dtkd;xJrSm bm&SdovJ? trSeftwkdif;ajymEdkif&ifukd,fawmfjrwfu uaeYyJ tBuD;tus,f oifhudk *kPfjyKyghr,f}vdkY bk&ifBuD;pum;vnf;qkH;a&m [m&Dqmrefu ]tif; ighaemufqkH;tcsdefawmh a&mufvmNyD}vdkY awG;rdNyD; odyf0rf;enf;oGm;awmhowJh/ 'gayrJhuHaumifcsifvdkYvm;awmhrodbl;/ wpfcsdefwnf;rSmyJ olYzcifay;cJhwJh i,femrnf? ]zm;uav;} ukdygzswfceJ trSwf&vdkufowJh/ ol[m qkd;vSwJhuHMur®mtaMumif; awG;avawG;av aqG;rajyjzpfvmvdkY i,femrnf ]zm;uav;} udk xkwfxkwfNyD;0rf;yef;wenf; a&&GwfrdvkdufowJh/

]zm;uav; b,fhES,f&Sdp? a[m'D vSywJhtdk;[m u,foluif;wJhri;fb0udk zsufqD;r,fholtjzpf rMumcif ajymif;awmhr,f xifyg&JUuG,f}

zm;uav;&JUtoH Mum;vdkuf½kHeJYyJ tJ'Dem;rSm&SdwJhvlawG tm;vkH;uMobmvufckyfawG wajzmif;ajzmif; wD;vdkufMuw,f? bmaMumifhvJqdkawmholajymvkdufwmeJY tkd;xJrSm&SdwmeJYu wpfxyfwnf;jzpfaewmukd;/ vlawGtm;vkH;u ][m odyfukdpGrf;wmyJ? wu,fh ynm&SdBuD;yJa[h? tkd;xJrSmzm;&SdwJhtaMumif;awmif odw,f} vdkY &ifoyfNyD; wtHhwMo ajymrqkH;jzpfMuowJh/ bk&ifBuD;uvnf; ]'g[mjzifh arSmfynmpGrf;aMumifhomjzpf&awmhr,f} vdkY awG;NyD; tvGeftrif;auseyfoGm;w,f/ [m&Dqmrefudkydkrdkrsm;jym;wJh &GmawGu tcGefaiGawG? a&TawG ay;w,f/ xD;jzLwpfvufeJYEdkifiHawmfokH; ,mOftrsKd;rsKd;ukdyg csD;jr§ifhowJh/

'DvdkeJY [m&Dqmref[m csrf;om<u,f0oGm;awmhowJh/n


urÇmh&ef acG; eJY aMumifurÇmh&ef acG; eJY aMumifurÇmh&ef acG; eJY aMumifurÇmh&ef acG; eJY aMumifurÇmh&ef acG; eJY aMumif

[kda&S;tcgu a&TvufpGyfuav;wpfuGif; ydkifqdkifxm;wJh vifr,m;ESpfa,muf &SdcJhw,f/ 'Da&TvufpGyfuav;[m odyfudk vmbfaumif;w,f/olYukd ydkifqkdifolrSeforQ aumif;aumif;rGefrGef aexkdifpm;aomufEdkifw,f/'gayrJh 'Dvifr,m;u olwdkY vufpGyf[m vmbffaumif;wJh vufpGyfjzpfrSef;rodMubl;/ 'gaMumifh wpfaeYrSm aps;enf;enf;av;eJY a&miff;xkwfvdkufMuw,f/ tif; vufpGyfvnf;xGufoGm;a&m olwdkYvifr,m;vnf; qif;&Jonfxuf qif;&JvmawmhwmyJ/ aemufqkH; xrif;awmif eyfrrSefawmhbl;/

olwdkYtdrfrSmacG;wpfaumifeJY aMumifwpfaumifvnf;arG;xm;w,f/vlawmifpm;zkdYtEdkifEdkifjzpfaerSmawmh acG;eJYaMumif iwfawmhwmaygh/ 'DawmhacG;eJYaMumifu olwdkYocifawG jyefNyD;uHaumif;vmatmif b,fvdkvkyfMuHaqmifay;&rvJvdkY pOf;pm;Muw,f/ tpmrpm;Mu&wmuvnf; &uftawmfMumNyDrdkY AdkufxJrSm wMuKwfMuKwfjrnfaeNyDaygh/ tJvkdjrnfavolwkdY OD;aESmufawGudk aoG;MuavyJ/


aemufqkH;rSm acG;u tBuHaumif;wpfck &vdkufw,f/]wdkYocifawG&JUvufpGyf jyef&rSukd jzpfr,f? tJ'DvufpGyf[m arSmf

vufpGyfjzpfrSm aocsmw,f}'Dawmh aMumifu]jzpfEdkifw,f? 'gayrJh ]vDzif;}u vufpGyfukd0,foGm;NyD; aowåmxJ

xnfh aomhcwfxm;rSm? aemuf olaewmvnf; yef;&yfuGuf? tdrfutBuD;BuD;? tkwfeH&HjrifhjrifhBuD;awG umxm;vdkufao;w,f? t0ifaygufrSmuoHwHcg;BuD;eJY ? b,folrS 0ifr&bl;}

'Dae&mrSm acG;u olYtBuHtpnfukd zGifhajymvkdufw,f/]rif;u <uufwpfaumifukd zrf;&vdrfhr,f? zrff;rdwJh<uufudk

vDzif;tdrfac:oGm;? [dka&mufawmh oHwHcg;atmufuwGm;NyD; txJ0ifaygh?tdrfxJa&mufwmeJY <uufudk aowåmudkufazmufcdkif;? wu,fvdkY udkufazmufay;zkdY jiif;ae&if udkufowfypfr,fvdkYomajym? 'grS <uufu ukdufazmufay;rSm}

acG;&JUpdwful;ukd aMumifu odyfoabmusNyD; <uufwpfaumifukdt&zrf;vdkufw,f/ NyD;awmh vDzif; tdrfukdoGm;w,f/ acG;uawmh aemufuvdkufcJhwmaygh/ vrf;rSm jrpfwpfckeJYawGUvdkY aMumifukd ausmay:wifNyD;acG;crsmjzwful;cJh&w,f/ tdrfxJa&mufawmh aMumifu <uufudk aowåm&SdwJhtcef;xJ ac:vmcJhw,f/ aMumifcdkif;wJhtwkdif;yJ <uufu aowåmukdudkufazmufNyD; vufpGyfudk ,lay;&w,f/


aMumif[m vufpGyfukd yg;pyfxJxnfhikHvkdufNyD; acG;apmifhaer,fhjrpfqdyfta&muf tvsiftjrefajy;vmcJhw,f/ acG;eJYaMumif jrpfukd twlwljzwful;MuNyD; tdrfbuftaomhESifvmMuw,f/ olwkdYocifawGukd vufpGyfjyefay;csifaZmeJY vmvdkufMuwm arm& yef;&rSef;awmif odyfrodMubl;aygh/

'gayrJh odwJhtwkdif;yJ acG;qkdwm ajrjyifay:rSmyJajy;Edkifwm? olYcrsmtdrfa&mufatmif tdrfawGukdywf? vrf;awGjzwfcJh&w,f/ aMumifuawmhacgifrdk;awGay:vnf; ajy;EdkifwmrdkY acG;xufapmNyD; tdrfa&mufoGm;wmaygh/a&mufa&mufcsif;yJ ocifawGvufxJ vufpGyfukd aMumifu xnhfvkdufw,f/

'Dawmh olYocifu ZeD;jzpfolukd]Munfhprf;? odyfawmfwJh aMumifyJuGm? olYukd wdkUorD;&if;vdkY oabm

xm;NyD; tNrJwrf;auR;arG;&r,f? *½kpdkuf&r,f} vdkY ajymjyxm;vkdufw,f/tcsdeftawmfMumrS acG;a&mufvmw,f/ 'Dawmh ocifu qD;½dkuf

w,f/ vufpGyfjyef&zkdYta&;rSm rulnD&aumi;fvm;qkdNyD; Budrf;armif;w,f/aMumifuawmh rD;zdkab;rSmxkdifvdkY ausauseyfeyf jrnfoHawGay;vdkY

aygh/ bmwpfcGef;rSvJ 0ifrajymbl;/acG;b,fcHEdkifrvJ/ aMumiftay: odyfukd a'goxGufrdwmaygh/

wu,fawmhaMumif[m ol&r,fh qkvmbfBuD;ukdvk,loGm;wmyJr[kwfvm;/'gaMumifhvnf;acG;[maMumifukdjrifwkdif; vkdufzrf;zdkYBudK;pm;wmaygh/'DvdkeJYyJ 'DtcsdefupNyD; uaeYtxd acG;eJYaMumif[m &efolBuD;awG

jzpfvmawmhwmyJwJh/n


tif'½kd;uJvfeJY jcaoFhBuD;tif'½kd;uJvfeJY jcaoFhBuD;tif'½kd;uJvfeJY jcaoFhBuD;tif'½kd;uJvfeJY jcaoFhBuD;tif'½kd;uJvfeJY jcaoFhBuD;

wpfnrSmaygh/ zdeyfryg ajcAvmeJY vlwpfa,muf[m tajymus,fwJhtmz&du oJuEÅm&BuD;ukd jzwfNyD;ajy;aew,f/ 'gaMumifhrdkY olYt&dyfuoleJY ,SOfajy;aeovdk xif&w,f/ trSefawmh 'DoJuEÅm&BuD;xJrSmvlqkdvdkYolwpfa,mufyJ&Sdw,f/ 'gayrJh &efolwpfOD;OD;u vdkufzrf;aew,ftxifeJY ol pGwfajy;aewmyJ/

Mumawmh olYajcaxmufawG aygufNyJNyD; aoG;awGxGufvmw,f/'gayrJh 'Pf&mudk rrlEdkifao;bl;/ emusifrI a0'emukdvnf; *½krxm;Edkifbl;/toufab;u vGwfatmifyJ ol qufajy;ae&w,f/ olYemrnfu]tif'½kd;uJvf} wJh/ ol[m aiG0,fuRefwpfa,mufaygh/ tck olxGufajy;cJhwmav/ wu,fvdkYom a&mrppfom;awGu olYukd jyefzrf;rdoGm;&ifowfypfrSm aocsmw,f/ 'gaMumifhvnf; ol r&yfrem; ajy;aewmaygh/

'Dtcsdeff[m a&S;acwfa&mrrsm; aumif;pm;aecsdefjzpfw,f/ a&mruRefaps;rSm olYocifu olYudk 0,f,loGm;w,f/ aemufawmh tmz&durSmckdif;zdkY olYocifu oabFmay: wifydkYvkdufw,f/ olYocif[m olYukd&uf&ufpufpuf jyKrlcJhw,f/ 'gaMumifh tif'½dk;uJvf[m wpfaeYwpfjcm;pdwfqif;&Jvmw,f/ raysmfr&Tifjzpfvmw,f/ aemufqkH; onf;rcHEkdifjzpfvmw,f/ 'gaMumifh ol xGufajy;zkdY qkH;jzwfvdkufw,f/

wu,fhawmhxGufajy;zkdYrvG,fbl;/ nrsm;rSmqdk&ifolYajcaxmufukdoHBudK;eJY csnfxm;w,f/ aeYtcgrSmvnf; tapmifhwpfa,mufu tem;rSm


tNrJ&Sdaewwfw,f/ 'gaMumifh xGufajy;EdkifzdkYtcGifhtvrf;ukd pdwf&Snf&SnfeJY

tMumBuD;apmifh&w,f/ aemufqkH;awmhvnf; apmifhEdkif&iftusKd;&Sdqkdovdk

tcGifhtvrf;u ay:vmw,f/ wpfaeYawmh olYtem;rSm b,folrSr&Sdbl;/

'DtcGifhta&;ukd t&trd,lNyD; tkwfeH&Hukd ausmfwufNyD; xGufajy;cJhwmyJ/

oJuEÅm&BuD;ukd jzwfajy;aecdkufrSm ol odyfukdaMumuf&GHU pdk;&drfae

w,f/ ESvkH;ckefoHu ajcoHvdk jyif;aew,f/ olYaemufu wpfa,mufa,muf

vdkufaervm;qdkwJh oHo,pdwfu olYukd tcsdefjynfh ESdyfpufaew,f/

'DoHo,pdwfeJY tm;ukefxkwfNyD; ajy;Edkifoavmuf ajy;aewmyJ/

Mumawmhvnf; ajy;EdkifpGrf; r&Sdawmhbl;/ armvGef;vdkY bmukdrS

owdrxm;Edkifawmhbl;/ aMumuf&rSmudkawmif arhoGm;awmhw,f/ 'Dtcsdef

rsdK;rSm ol wpfckyJodw,f/ em;zdkYaygh/ uHtm;avsmfpGmyJ a&SUrvSrf;rurf;rSm

*lwpfckudk oljrifvkdufw,f/ olbmrS rawG;awmhbJ *lxJwGm;0ifvdkufw,f/

txJa&mufwmeJY csufcsif;yJ ol tdyfaysmfoGm;w,f/

aemufwpfaeY aexGufvmwJhtxd rEdk;bl;/ 'gayrJh ½kwfw&uf

ay:xGufvmwJh tifrwefus,favmifwJh [def;oHBuD;aMumifh ol vefYEdk;vm

w,f/tdyfae&mu olcsufcsif; vl;vJxvdkufNyD; *l0ukd vSrf;Munhfvdkufw,f/

vm; vm; jcaoFhBuD;yguvm;? wu,fhawmhol[m jcaoFhBuD;&JU *lxJ

0iftdyfrd&uf jzpfaewmukd;/ jcaoFhBuD;[m wpfnvkH;tpm&SmNyD; tck olY

*lqD jyefvmcJhwmyJ/ tif'½l;bmvkyf&rvJ/ olYrSm "m;uav;wpfvuf?

wkwfuav;wpfacsmif;awmif r&Sdbl;? 'gaMumifh 'Dwpfcgjzifh b0ed*kH;csKyfNyDvdkY

ol wGufxm;vdkufw,f/ tif; wpfnwm vGwfajrmufrI&NyD;cgrS ao&

awmhr,f/ olodyfukdaMumuf&GHUaew,f/ taMumtcsOfawG qkdif;aew,f/

bmrS rBuHwwfawmhwJhtqkH;rSm ol[m rsufpdpkHrSdwfNyD; jcaoFhBuD;ckeftkyfr,fh

tcsdefukdom apmifhaerdawmhw,f/

'gayrJh

ol wGufxm;ovdk olYb0ed*kH; csKyfroGm;bl;? jcaoFhBuD;u olYukd

ckefrtkyfbl;av/ *l0rSmom&yfaeNyD; ememusifusif atmfaew,f/ 'gaMumifh

tif'½dk;uJvfu rsufpdzGifhNyD; vSrf;Munfhvdkufawmh jcaoFhBuD;u a&SUajc

wpfacsmif;ukd vQmeJYvsufaewm jrifvdkufw,f/ tJ'Dajcaxmufu aoG;

awG oJjyifay:pD;usaewmudkvnf; awGUvkdufw,f/ ajcaxmufrSm pl;BuD;

wpfacsmif; pl;aewmudk;/ tif'½dk;uJvf[m Muifemoem;wwfoljzpfvdkY


tEÅ&m,fudkawmif *½krpdkufEdkifawmhbJ jcaoFhBuD;ajcaxmufukd vufwpfzufeJY tomt,mudkifwG,fvdkufw,f/ NyD;awmh usefvufwpfzufeJY ql;BuD;ukd qGJEkwfvkdufw,f/ jcaoFhBuD;em&SmvGef;vdkY toHukef atmfvkdufw,f/'gayrJh ½kef;awmhr½kef;bl;/ ql;BuD;xGufoGm;wJhtcg jcaoFhBuD;u tifrwefYudkaus;Zl;wifwJhtMunfhrsKd;eJY tif'½kd;udk Munffhw,f/ NyD;awmh tif'½dk;rsufESmudk vQmeJYvsufay;w,f/

tif'½dk; odyf 0rf;omoGm;wmaygh/ ol[m jcaoFhBuD;&JUacgif;udkyGwfoyfay;w,f/ NyD;rS rif; odyfudkowådaumif;wmyJ} vdkY ajymjyvkdufw,f/

tJ aemufykdif;awmh odyfukd qef;us,fw,fvdkY ajymEdkifavmufwJhjzpf&yfwpfck ay:vmwmyJ/ jcaoFheJYvl twl,SOftdyfMuwJh jzpf&yfaygh/olwkdYESpfOD; rdwfaqGawG jzpfoGm;MuNyDukd;/ tJ'D*lxJrSmyJ okH;ESpffvkH;vkH;olwdkYtwlaeMuw,f/

tcsdefawG MumvmwmeJYtrQ tif'½dk;uJvf[m jcaoFhBuD; tay:

,kHMunfpdwfcsvmw,f/ uReftjzpfeJY ae&wmxuf jcaohFBuD;eJY tckvdk

vGwfvGwfvyfvyfae&wm trsm;BuD;aumif;w,fvdkY xifw,f/ 'gayrJh

ysif;ovdkawmh cHpm;&w,f/ pum;ajymazmfwpfa,muf&Sd&ifaumif;rSmyJvdkY

awG;rdw,f/ tif; NcHKajym&&if ol[m vlawmxJ jyef0ifcsifpdwf ay:vm

w,faygh/ 'Dpdwfudk wm;rEdkifqD;r&wJhtcg 'D*leJY jcaoFhBuD;ukd xm;cJhNyD;

vlawGMum; jyefoGm;zdkY qkH;jzwfvdkufw,f/

tif; olY tqkH;tjzwfudk taumiftxnfazmfvkdufwJhtcgrSmawmh

tif'½dk;uJvfwpfa,muf uHraumif;&Smawmhbl;/ bmaMumihfvJqdkawmh

vkHNcHKpdwfcs&r,hfae&mra&mufcif a&mrppfom;awGu olYudk zrf;rdoGm;vdkYayhg/

uReftjzpf cwfESdyfxm;wJhtrSwftom;udk jrifwJhtcg ppfom;awGu

olYukd rSwfrdoGm;Muw,fav/

xGufajy;wJhuRefawGudk'PfcwfwmtifrwefYukd &ufpufvGef;w,f

,kwfrmvGef;w,f/ ppfom;awGu olwkdYukd a&mrjyefykdYvkdufw,f/ a&mr

a&mufwJhtcg wd&pämeft½dkif;awGeJY,SOfowfcdkif;awmhwmyJ/'DyGJrsKd;ukd aysmfyGJ

&TifyGJtjzpf bk&ifukd,fwkdifu pDpOfwmyJ/ &uftawmfMum tpmrauR;bJ

xm;wJh wd&pämef½kdif;eJY owfuGiff;xJrSm owf&w,f/ uRefukd ayghyg;wJh

vSHuav;wpfacsmif;omay;w,f/ 'DvSHuav;eJY yxrwpfaumifudk tao


owfEdkif&if aemufxyfwpfaumifukd vTwfay;jyefwmyJ/ raorcsif;owf&wJhoabmaygh/

jyeftzrf;cH&NyD;wJhaemuf &ufowåywfaygif;rsm;pGmMumoGm;wJhtcgtif'½kd;uJvfwpfa,mufvnf; owfuGif;BuD;xJ tydkYcH&&Smw,f/ owfuGif;xJrSmawmh olwpfa,mufwnf;aygh/ owfuGif;ywfvnfrSmjrifhrm;wJhtkwfeH&Humxm;w,f/ tkwfeH&HaemufrSmu avSum;xpfoP²mef yGJMunfhpifawG&Sdw,f/ 'DpifawGay:rSm axmifaygif;rsm;pGmaom yGJMunfhy&dowfawGxkdifaeMuNyD/ bk&ifeJY olYrdwfaqGuawmh taumif;qkH;ae&mawGudk,lxm;Muw,f/

owfuGif;xJ0ifvm&uwnf;u tif'½dk;uJvf[m ywf0ef;usifwpfckvkH;ukd tuJcwfvdkufw,f/ 'DtcsdefrSmyJ owfuGif;wpfzufrSm&SdwJhavSmiftdrfxJu tifrwef½dkif;ysNyD; qmavmifrGwfodyfaewJh jcaoFhBuD;wpfaumifajy;xGufvmw,f/ cktcgrSmawmh ywf0ef;usifukd tuJcwfaewJhtif'½dk;uJvf[m 'DjcaohFBuD;uvGJNyD; bmudkrS rjrifEdkifawmhbl;/ &Jpdwfvnf;arG;vdkuf&w,f/ olu owdå&Sd&Sd aooGm;csifw,fav/

'gayrJh odyfukd acsmufcsm;aewm trSefyJ/ vufawG wqwfqwfwkefaew,f/ udkifxm;wJhvSHawmif vGwfusoGm;rwwf jzpfoGm;w,f/&ufpufvSwJh yGJMunhfy&dowfuawmh w0g;0g; w[m;[m; &,farmvdkY?


atmf[pfvdkYaygh/ jcaoFhBuD;u tif'½dk;uJvfqD [def;a[mufNyD; wpf[kefxkd;

ajy;vmwJhtcgrSmawmh y&dowf[m pdwfawGvIyf&Sm;vmMuNyD; xkdifae&mu

xMunfhMuw,f/ 'gayrJh ½kwfw&ufyJ olwdkYtm;vkH; rifoufrdoGm;Muw,f/

owfuGif;wpfckvkH; tyfusoHMum;&avmufatmi wdwfqdwfNidrfouf

oGm;w,f/

bmjzpfvdkYygvdrfh/

Mo? jcaoFhBuD;u vSHudkifxm;NyD; wkdufzdkY toifhtaetxm;eJY

&yfaewJh tiff'½kd;qDta&muf wpf[kefxkd; qufrajy;awmhbJ cyfjznf;jznf;

uav;om avQmufoGm;vdkYukd;/ jcaoFhBuD; eD;uyfvmwJhtcg tif'½kd;

uvnf; ukdifxm;wJhvSHukd ypfcsvdkufw,f/ NyD;awmh jcaoFhBuD;&JU vnfyif;ukd

odkif;zufvdkufw,f/ jcaoFFhBuD;uvnf; tif'½dk;uJvf rsufESmukd vQmeJY

vsufay;aew,f/

wu,fawmh jcaoFhMuD;[m tif'½kd;uJvfeJY okH;ESpfvkH;vkH; twlwl

aecJhwJh jcaoFhBuD;yJav/ vlwpfa,mufu olYukd oJuEÅm&BuD;xJrSm

t&Sifzrf;rdvdkY a&mrudk ydkYvkdufwm jzpfw,f/

wpfOD;ukdwpfOD; rarhaysmufEdkifMuwJh rdwfaqGESpfOD;yJaygh/ bk&ifu

tif'½dk;uJvfukd csufcsif;qifhac:vdkufw,f/ xl;qef;vSwJh olYZmwfvrf;ukd

Mum;odvdkufwJhtcg olYukd uRefb0u vGwfajrmufcGifhay;w,f/ 'gaMumifh

tif'½dk;uJvf[m vGwfvyfwJh a&mrom;wpfa,muf jzpfvmw,f/

jcaoFhBuD;vnf; tif'½dk;uJvfeJYtwl a&mrrSmyJ aew,f/ jcaoFh

BuD;[m opöm&SdwJhacG;vdkY tif'½dk;oGm;&maemuf waumufaumuf vkduf

aew,f/ tpawmh a&mrom;awGu jcaoFhBuD;ukdjrifwmeJY a0;&majy;Mu

w,f/ 'gayrJh aemufykdif;rSmawmh ½kd;oGm;NyDjzpfvdkY raMumufMuawmhbl;wJh/

n


usD;armifESHESifh a>ra[mufeufBuD;usD;armifESHESifh a>ra[mufeufBuD;usD;armifESHESifh a>ra[mufeufBuD;usD;armifESHESifh a>ra[mufeufBuD;usD;armifESHESifh a>ra[mufeufBuD;

opfyifwpfyifxufrSm usD;zdkeJYusD;r aexkdifMuw,f/ 'Dopfyifacgif;xJrSmyJ

tifrwefudk tpm;usL;wJh a>ra[mufeufBuD;wpfaumif&Sdjyefw,f/ usD;r&JU

uav;i,fuav;awGudk 'Da>ra[mufu pm;vdkufwmcsnf;yJ/ 'gaMumifh

vnf; ckwpfBudrf udk,f0ef&SdvmwJhtcg usD;ru usD;zdkukd

]usD;zkd&,f uRefrajymwmukd em;axmifprf;ygOD;? uRefrwkdY 'Dopfyifu

a&TUMuygpkdYaemf/ opfacgif;xJrSm [kda>ra[mufeufMuD; &dSaeoí uRefrwkdY&Jh

&ifaoG;uav;awG toif&SifEkdifMurSm r[kwfbl;} vkdY ylyifpdwfeJYajymawmh

usD;zkdu

]usD;r&,f rylprf;ygeJYuG,f/ usKyf[m 'Da>ra[mufusL;vGefwJh

aMumufp&m &mZ0wfrIawGukd rsufjcnfrjywf apmihfMunfhaecJhygw,f/rif; Munfhaeyg/ wpfaeY 'Da>ra[muf ab;qkd;eJY awGUap&r,f} vkdY usdefqkdjyD; ESpfodrfhw,f/

'Dawmh usD;ru]usD;zkd&,f b,fvkdvkyf tiftm;MuD;rm; wefckd;xGm;wJh a>ra[mufeuf

MuD;ukd uRefrwkdY xdxda&mufa&muf wm;qD;EkdifrSmvJ} vkdY tm;avQmhpdwfeJYjyefar;w,f}

usD;zkdurylprf;ygeJYusD;r&,f/ uJ tcsdefukefcHjyD; 'DtaMumif; rajymMuygeJYpkdY?

vufawGUvkyfMuzkdY tcsdefa&mufaeygjyD}]b,fvkd vufawGU vkyfMurSmvJ}]uJ em;axmif? usKyf ajymjyr,f/ [kd a&S;tcgu ]rif'&mawmif} rSm

&ufpufMurf;MuKwfwJh jcaoFh½kdif;MuD; wpfaumif aexkdifcJhw,f/ 'DjcaoFh½kdif;MuD;[m awmifwpf0kdufu wd&pämefawGudk zrf;qD;pm;aomufw,f/ola&muf&m ae&mwkdif;rSm awGUorQ wd&pämefawGudkvnf; tukefowfpm;wmyJ/Mumvmawmh zrf;pm;rcH&vkdY usefaewJh wd&pämefawG &ifwxdwfxdwfjzpfMujyD; pka0;wkdifyifMuw,f/ jyD;wmeJY jcaoFh½kdif;MuD;ukd oGm;awGUMuw,f/

]t&Sif jcaoFhrif;? bmaMumifhrsm; t"dyÜm,frJh owfjzwfpm;aomufrIawGudk qufvufvkyfaqmifae&ygovJ/ tpm;wpfvkwftwGuf jcaoFhMuD;ukd,fwkdif owfjzwf&wJh tjzpfrsKd;u vGwfuif;&atmif t&SifjcaoFhMuD;eJY


uREkfyfwkdY tay;t,lwpfck jyKvkyfvkdygw,f/ uREfkyfwkdYu t&SifjcaoFhMuD;xHom;aumifwpfaumif aeYpOfykdYay;yghr,f/ t&SifNcaoFhMuD; vkdufvHzrf;qD;owfjzwfrIukd &yfqkdif;ay;yg} vkdY wifjyawmh jcaoFhMuD; wpfcsuf[def;vkdufw,f/ jyD;rS

]aumif;jyD/ 'Dtwkdif; oifwkdYjzpfcsifMuw,fqkd&if ig oabmwlw,f}vkdY ajymvkdufw,f/

tJ'DaeYupjyD; wd&pämefawG[m tay;t,l vkyfxm;wJhtwkdif;aqmif&GufvmcJhMuw,f/ jcaoFh½kdif;MuD;uvnf; oabmwlxm;wJhtwkdif;wd&pämefawGudk zrf;qD;owfjzwf rpm;awmhbl;/

wpfaeYusawmh jcaoFh½kdif;MuD;&Jh tpm;cHzkdY ,keftkdMuD;tvSnfha&mufvmw,f/ tJ'DaeYrSm ,keftkdMuD;u jcaoFh½kdif;MuD;qD pm;csdefrDa&muf&avatmif MudKMudKwifwif xGufvmcJhw,f/ vrf;rSm ,keftkdMuD;u cP&yfpOf;pm;w,f/

]tif; wu,fawmh 'Dvkd tajctaersKd;rSm tpm;cHowå0g[m½kdusKd;wJhrsufESmeJY awmif;yefc,&rSm trSefyJ/ 'gayr,fh 'Dtpm;usL;wJhjcaoFh½kdif;MuD;qDuawmh vGwfjidrf;cGifh b,fvkdrS &EkdifrSm r[kwfbl;/ 'Dawmhukd,fhaowGif;xJ jrefjrefawmh roGm;bl;/ jznf;EkdiforQ jznf;jznf;yJ oGm;r,f/

,keftkdMuD; qufavQmuf vmayr,fh tawG;u rjywfbl;/ aemufqkH;awmh jcaoFh½kdif;MuD;aexkdif&mem; a&mufcJhwmaygh/ 'Dawmh qmavmifrGwfodyfaewJh jcaoFh½kdif;MuD;u a'gowMuD;eJY

]a[h ,keftkd? rif; odyfaemufusygvm;/ awmf awmfjyD/ [kdoGm;'DoGm; vkyfraeeJYawmh/ tJ'DrSmyJ &yfaevkdufprf;} vkdY qD;a[mufjyD; trdefYay;vkdufw,f/

'Dawmh ,keftkdMuD;u ÓPfqifjyD;]aemufuswm uRefawmfhtjypf r[kwf&ygbl;Asm/ vrf;rSm

tifrwefMuD;rm;wJh jcaoFhMuD;wpfaumifu zrf;jyD; uRefawmfhukd rvTwfbJxm;vkdYyg/ vTwfygOD;/ csufjcif;jyefvmcJhygr,f} vkdY uwday;awmhrS


vTwfay;ygw,f/ tJ'D xdwfvefYzG,fjzpf&yftaMumif; t&SifukdajymjycsifaZmeJYtarmwaum wef;vmcJhwmygvkdY &Sif;jyvkdufwJhtcg jcaoFh½kdif;MuD;a'gotrsuf ajcmif;ajcmif;xGufawmhw,f/ xdef;rEkdif odrf;r&eJY tus,fMuD;[def;vkdufw,f/ jyD;rS

][if olb,frSmvJ? tJ'D t,kwfwrm usL;ausmfvmolqD ighukdtjrefqkH;ykdYprf;} vkdY trdefYay;yga&m/ 'gaMumifh ,keftkdMuD;u jcaoFh½kdif;MuD;ukdawmxJu a&wGif;eufMuD;qD ac:oGm;w,f/ a&wGif;em;ta&mufrSm

]t&SifMunfhygawmh jrefjrefvm ½Ipm;ygawmh} vkdY a&wGif;ukd ñTefjy&if;ajymw,f/ jcaoFh½kdif;MuD;[m a&wGif;em; csOf;uyfoGm;jyD; a&wGif;xJikHUMunhfw,f/ 'Dawmh a&wGif;xJuae olYukdjyefMunhfaewJh aMumuffp&mjcaoFhMuD;wpfaumifukd jrifvkdufwmaygh/ jcaoFh½kdif;MuD;[m aMumufp&maumif;avmufatmif tpOf;pm;tqifjcif uif;rJhvmjyD; &ufpufMurf;MuKwfwJh trlt&mawGjyvmw,f/ aemufqkH; jcaoFh½kdif;MuD;[mqufvufonf;rcHEkdifawmhwJh yHkrsKd;eJY a&wGif;xJu olUt&dyfqDukd ckeftkyfvkdufw,f/

jcaoFhMuD; a&wGif;atmuf jrKyfoGm;jyD; aoqkH;oGm;cJhw,f/ykHjyifqkH;awmh usD;zkdu usD;rukd]tJ'gyJ usD;ra& ÓPf&Sdol[m cGeftm;vnf;&dSw,fuGJU} vkdY

ajymjyvkdufw,f/]uRefroabmaygufygjyD/ uJ tck uRefrukd bmvkyfapcsifovJ

ajymyg} vkdY usD;ru xufxufoefoef ar;awmh/]at;yg? ajymjyrSmyg/ usKyfwkdY&Jh a[m'Dopfyifem;u a&uefrSm

bk&ifhom;awmf tNrJa&vmcsKd;w,fr[kwfvm;/ a&rcsKd;cif rif;om;uolYvnf&GJwefqmukd cRwfjyD; a&uefem;u ausmufwkH;ay:rSm wifxm;avh&dSw,f/ tJ'DvnfqGJwefqmukd rif;oGm;csDcJhjyD; a[m'Dopfyif&Jh opfacgif;xJom csvkdufayawmh/ vnfqGJwefqm aysmufoGm;wJhtaMumif; odwmeJYvkduf&SmMurSm trSefyJ/ tJ'Dvkd vkduf&Sm&if; a>ra[mufeufukd awGUMu&ifowfypfrSm aocsmygw,fuGm} vkdY ajymjyvkdufw,f/

aemufwpf&uf bk&ifhom;awmf a&vmtcsKd;rSm usD;zdkeJY usD;ruolwkdYtpDtpOfukd pepfwustaumiftxnf azmfvkdufMuw,f/

]]'Dawmh a>ra[mufeufMuD; bmjzpfawmhr,fqkdwm &Sif;&Sif;uav;odEkdifMujyDaygh}}

n


usm;jzpfoGm;wJh<uufusm;jzpfoGm;wJh<uufusm;jzpfoGm;wJh<uufusm;jzpfoGm;wJh<uufusm;jzpfoGm;wJh<uuf

[kd a&S;tcgu vlolreD;wJhawmMuD;wpfckxJrSm &aohMuD;wpfyg; aexkdifcJhw,f/ ol[m omref&aohr[kwfbl;/ wefckd;£'dyg'feJY jynfhpkHwJh olawmfpif&aohjzpfw,f/ 'gaMumifhvnf; wefckd;&Sif ]yvef;wD;,yf} tjzpfausmfMum;aew,f/

wpfaeY ol wJem;rSm xkdifaeckduf aumif;uifrSm ysHoef;aewJh usD;wpfaumif yg;pyftwGif;u <uufuav;wpfaumif vGwfusvmw,f/owå0gi,fuav;jzpfayr,fh rsm;pGm Muifemoem;rdjyD; <uufuav;us&mae&mta&muf &aoh[m cyfoGufoGufvSrf;oGm;w,f/ <uufuav;udkaumuf,ljyD; wJqDjyefvmcJhw,f/ &aoh[m <uufuav;udk *½kpkdufw,f/jyKpkw,f/ olU<uufuav;yrm oabmxm;jyD; auR;arG;w,f/

rMumcif 'D<uufuav;ukd qmavmifrGwfodyfaewJh aMumifwpfaumifuukdufowfpm;csiffwmeJY rn§mrwmvkdufzrf;w,f/ 'Dtjcif;t&mukd &aohjrifawmh <uufuav;tay: cspfpdwfaMumihf umuG,f u,fq,fzkdYqEay:vmjyefw,f/ 'gaMumifh olU<uufuav;udk aemufuvkdufzrf;aewJhaMumifxufykdMuD;wJh aMumifwpfaumifjzpfatmif wefckd;eJY ajymif;vJay;vkduffw,f/

'DrSmwif jyóemay:awmhwmyJ/bmaMumifhvJqkdawmh <uufjzpfcJhzl;wJh aMumif[m acG;awGudk

aMumufaevkdYyJ/ 'gaMumihf 'DaMumifukd acG;jzpfatmif ajymif;ay;&jyefw,f/


tif; acG;jzpfvmjyefawmhvnf; usm;ukd taotvJ aMumufjyefa&m/

'Dawmh aemufqkH;rSm acG;tjzpfuae aMumufp&maumif;vSwJh owdåcJusm;MuD;

wpfaumiftjzpf ajymif;vJay; vkduf&awmhw,f/

'geJYawmif jyóemu rukefcsifao;bl;/ &aohMuD;u 'D<uuf

usm;MuD;ukd <uufuav;wpfaumifjyKpkay;ovkd tNrJjyKpkw,f/ 'D<uuf

usm;MuD;taMumif;odxm;MuwJhvlawGuawmh <uufusm;MuD;ukdjrifavwkdif;

]a[; [kdrSm [kdrSm MunfhvkdufMuprf;/ usm;MuD;[ usm;MuD;?

ol&JabmaMumifwJh <uufuav;b0uae 'Dvkd usm;MuD; jzpfvmatmif

&aohu weffckd;eJY ajymif;vJay;vkdufwJh ]<uufusm;MuD;ayhg} vkdY vlwum

Mum;atmif avSmifovkd ajymifovkd ajymMuw,f/

acG;b0? aMumifb0? <uufb0? &cJhzl;wJh usm;[m 'DavSmifajymif

oHawG Mum;awmh odyfa'goxGufw,f/


]tif; 'D&aoh touf&SifaeYoa&GU igh&Jh rlv <uufobm0ukdazmfxkwfjyD; avSmifMu ajymifMuOD;rSmyJ/ igqufjyD; t&Suf& odu©mus&jzpfaeOD;rSm aocsmw,f/ 'DtjzpfrsKd; qkH;cef;wkdifzkdY wpfvrf;yJ &dSw,f}

'DtawG;eJYtwl <uufusm;MuD;[m tpDtpOf wpfcka&;qGJvkdufw,f/olqGJvkdufwJh tpDtpOfuawmh aus;Zl;&Sif &aohukd owfypfzkdYyJ/

'gayr,fh wefckd;£'dyg'feJY jynfhpkHwJh &aohu <uufusm;&Jh acgif;xJowfypfzkdY tawG;0ifvmwmeJY tm;vkH;odvkdufjyD/ 'gaMumifh &aoh[m <uufusm; em; csOf;uyfoGm;jyD; cufcufxefxef rmrmausmausmyJ trdefYay;vkdufw,f/

]ckcsufcsif; <uufb0 jyefa&mufap}'DvkdeJY acG;b0? aMumifb0? <uuffb0 &cJhzl;wJh <uufusm;[m

<uufb0 jyefa&mufoGm;&awmhowJh/

n


[kd&mwD,yfpf[kd&mwD,yfpf[kd&mwD,yfpf[kd&mwD,yfpf[kd&mwD,yfpf

wyfpfau;eDbk&if ]vm;pfykdqDem} [m a&mrudk csDwufodrf;ykdufzdkY qkH;jzwfxm;w,f/ 'gaMumifh EdkifiHtESHYtjym;rSm a&mufaeMuwJhppfonfawmfawGudkjyefac:,lvdkufw,f/ ppfonfawmftm;vkH; pkpnf;rdwmeJY a&mrudkcsDwufawmhw,f/

vm;pf&JU ppfwyfBuD; csDwufvmwJhowif;udk a&mrawGMum;wJhtcgckcH wkdufcdkufEdkifatmif tBuD;tus,fjyifqifMuw,f/ a&mr teD;wpf0dkufu&Gmol &Gmom;awGtm;vkH; a&mrrSm vma&mufpkpnf;MuzdkY EId;aqmfxm;w,f/wdkifAmjrpfu a&mrukd auGUywfpD;qif;aewJhtwGuf ykdrdk pdwfcs&r,f? ykdrdkvkHNcKHr,f? 'gaMumifh &Gmol&Gmom;awGu a&mrrSm a&GUajymif;aexkdifMuw,f/csDwufvmwJh vm;pf&JU ppfwyfBuD;[m &GmawG? ,mcif;awG tm;vkH;udkrD;½dIYzsufqD;w,f/

a&mrawGu wdkifAmjrpful;wHwm;udk csKd;ypfvdkufzdkYqkH;jzwfMuw,f/'g[m vm;pf&JU ppfonfawmfawG a&mrxJr0ifEdkifatmif wm;qD;ay;r,fhwpfckwnf;aom enf;vrf;yJ/ 'gayrJh tawmfav;awmh aemufusoGm;NyDvdkYajym&rSmyJ/ qufom;wpfa,mufu ajy;vmcJhNyD;

]&efolwyfBuD; a&mrem; a&mufvmNyD} vdkY owif;ykdYaeNyDav/wu,fvnf; owif;ykdYwJhtwkdif; rSefaew,f/ NrdKU½dk;ay:uaeMunfh&if[dk taemufbufu csDwufvmaewJh &efolwyfBuD;ukd vSrf;jrifae&NyD/olwkdYvufeufawGu aea&mifxJrSm azG;azG;vufaew,f/ csDwufvm&mvrf;aMumif;aemufrSm zkefvkH;BuD;awG xusef&pfw,f/ jrpful;wHwm;csdK;vkdYrNyD;cifrSm &efolawG a&mrem;a&mufvmEdkifw,f/ jrpful;wHwm;ukdtcsdefrDrcsKd;EdkifvdkY &efolawG jzwfavQmufvmEdkifNyDqkd&ifawmh a&mrtwGufarQmfvifhcsufqkH;NyD/ b,fvdkrS u,fwifEdkifawmhrSm r[kwfbl;/

'DtajctaeqkdufaecsdefrSm ol&Jaumif; [kd&mwD,yfpfu]vlwdkif;wpfcsdefrSm ao&rSmyJ/ wyfpfuifawGvufwGif; a&mr

usroGm;atmif ckcHumuG,f&if;uae aooGm;cJh&if uRefawmfhtwGufwu,fhudk *kPff,lp&mBuD;ygyJ? 'Dawmh &orQtcsdefuav;twGif; jrpful;wHwm;udk atmifatmifjrifjrifcsKd;ypfEdkifatmif tjrefqkH; BudK;pm;Muyg?uRefawmfeJY rdwfaqGESpfa,mufu wHwm;[kdbufxdyfuae ckcHaeMur,f/


uRefawmfwkdY okH;a,muf[m a[m'DwHwm;BuD;&JU [kdbufxdyf ae&musOf;usOf;uav;uae &efolwpfaxmifavmufukd wm;qD;Edkifygvdrhfr,f?uJ uRefawmfeJYtwl wHwm;[kdbufxdyukd b,folvdkufrvJ}

'DtcgrSm olYrdwfaqG vmwD;,yfpfeJY [mrD;eD;,yfpf a&SUxGufvmw,f/ aMumufpdwfuif;wJh ol&Jaumif;okH;a,muf[m vkH;0tcsdefqGJraeawmhbJ csDwufvmwJhppfwyfBuD;ukd ckcHwm;qD;zdkY wHwm;wpfzufxdyfudk&ifaumhavQmufoGm;Muw,f/ olwdkY wpfzufxdyfa&mufoGm;wmeJYa&mrawGu wHwm;udk jrefjrefcsKd;ypfEdkifzdkY pwifvkyfaqmifMuw,f/ [kdwpfzufxdyfrSmawmh ol&Jaumif;okH;a,mufwkdY[m &efolawGa&muftvmudkrvIyfr,Suf apmifhaeMuav&JU/

rMumbl;? &efolawGuvnf; wHwm;xdyfem; uyfvmaeMuNyD/

wHwm;xdyfudk apmifhMuyfaeMuwJh ppfom;uav; okH;a,mufukdjrifawmh

&efolppfom;awGu avSmifovdk &,fMuw,f/ csufcsif;qkdovdkyJ olwkdYxJu

owådtaumif;qkH; ppfom;okH;a,muf[m "m;BuD;awG a0SU,rf;NyD; ajy;xGuf

vmcJhw,f/ 'gayrJh a&mrppfom;i,f okH;a,mufu olwkdYukd tvG,fuav;

eJYyJ &ifqkdifckcHEdkifvkdufw,f/ &efolppfom;okH;a,muf aoG;oH&J&JeJYyJ

wkdifAmjrpfxJusoGm;av&JU/ yxrokH;a,mufusoGm;awmh 'kwd,okH;a,muf

ajy;xGufvmcJhjyefw,f/ 'gayrJh yxrokH;a,muf oGm;&mvrf;twkdif; olwkdY

oGm;Mu&wmyJ/ 'Dawmh wyfpfuifawG odyf r&,f&JMuawmhbl;/ pdwfqkd;

rmefqkd;eJY wkd;wkd; wkd;wdk; vkyfaeMuw,f/ ]tufpfwm xGufwkdufyg} vdkY

atmf[pfawmif;qdkaeMuw,f/ tufpfwmqkdwmuawmh olwkdYtxJrSm

emrnftBuD;qkH; t&J&ifhqkH; twkduftcdkuform;BuD;yJ/

tufpfwmu &ifhaumhNyD; NyHK;xGufvmw,f/ a&SUa&mufwJhtcg

olu wyfpuif ppfom;awGbuf jyefvSnfhMunfhvdkufNyD;

]wu,fvdkY tufpfwmu a&SUuoGm;&if cifAsm;wkdYu aemufu

vkdufMurSmvm;} vdkY ar;w,f/

olu tajzukd rapmifhbl;? OD;acgif;xufrSm "m;BuD;ukda0SU,rf;NyD;

[kd&mwD,yfpf&Sd&m wpf[kefxkd; ajy;oGm;w,f/ olYa&SUa&mufoGm;wmeJY

tm;ukefckwfawmhw,f/ olY"m;csufu [kd&mwD,yfpf acgif;udk rxdbJ

ajcwpfzufudk xdoGm;w,f/ 'Pf&muaoG;awG pD;usvmwmukd &efol


ppfom;awG jrifMuawmh tBuD;tus,faysmfoGm;NyD; oHukefatmf[pfMuw,f/

'Pf&m&oGm;wJh [kd&mwD,yfpfudk [mrD;eD;,yfpfu ajy;xlw,f/ 'gaMumifh

[kd&mwD,yfpf cPav;tm;,lcGifh&vkdufw,f/ tm;jynfhvmwmeJY ol[m

a'goxGufaewJh usm;½kdif;wpfaumifvdk ½kwfw&uf xckefNyD; tufpfwmh

rsufcGufBuD;udk "m;eJY jzwfckwfvkdufw,f/ tufpfwm tidkufrdoGm;w,f/

csufcsif; vJus aoqkH;oGm;w,f/ [kd&mwD,yfpf[m tufpfwm tavmif;

BuD;ukd cGxm;NyD;

]uJ rif;wdkYudk wdkkY b,fvdk c&D;OD;MudKjyKMuw,fqdkwm jrifMujyD

r[kwfvm;? xGufcJhMuOD;av? b,folaumif;om; wyfpfuif; xGufOD;rvJ?

vm xGufcJh} vdkY atmfajymvdkufw,f/

olYtrlt&m olYavoHu yrmrcefYEdkifvSwmrdkY wyfpfuif;awG

a'goxGufoGm;Muw,f/ &Sufvnf; &SufoGm;Muw,f/ tif; aMumufvnf;

aMumufw,faygh/ usefwJhowÅdtaumif;qHk; ppfom;awmifrS 'DokH;OD;ukd

&ifqkdif wkdufckdufzkdY rxGuf&Jawmhbl;/

wyfpfuifppfwyfxJrSm qufwyfpftrnf&dSwJh ppfom; wpfa,muf

&dSw,f/ wu,fawmh ol[m a&mrvlrsKd;/ a&mrppfwyfxJ xGufajy;jyD;

wyfpfuif ppfwyfxJ 0ifoGm;wJhvl/ tJ'Dvlukd [kd&mwD,yfpfu vSrf;awGU

vkdufw,f/ 'geJY

]Mo [dkrSm uRefawmfwdkY&JU qufwyfpfyJ/ cifAsm;udk c&D;OD;MudKjyKyg

w,fAsm?jyefvmcJhprf;yg? bmaMumifh cifAsm; xGufajy;wdrf;a&SmifoGm;&wmvJ?

'DrSm a&mrudkoGm;wJhvrf; &Sdaeygw,f qufwyfpf} vdkY zdwfac:w,f/

qufwyfpff a'gotMuD;tus,f xGuffoGm;w,f/ wpfcsdeffwnf;rSm

aMumuf'l; wqwfqwffwkefaew,f/

'DtcsdefrSm [dkbufrSm usef&pfcJhMuwJh a&mrppfom;awGu jrpful;

wHwm;udk csdK;EdkifzdkY rem;wrf; MudK;pm;aeMuw,ff/ 'gaMumiffhvnf; tck

jrpful;wHwm;MuD; usdK;cgeD;aejyD/

'gaMumifh olwdkYu 'Dbufxdyfudk vSrf;jyD; ][dk&mwD,yfpf jyefvSnfh

cJhawmh? wHwm;MuD; usdK;cgeD;aejyD}vdkY atmfajymMuw,f/


vmwD;,yfpfeJY [mrD;eD;,yfpfwdkYu tjrefajy;cJhMuw,f/ olwdkYajcaxmufatmufrSm wHwm;MuD;u wuRwfuRwftoHay;jyD; usdK;usoGm;awmhr,fhyHkk aygufaejyD/ olwdkY 'Dbufxdyfa&mufwJhtcg [dkbufxdyfudkjyefvSnfhMunfhvdkkufMuw,f/ 'DawmhrS [dkbufxdyfrSm wpfa,mufwnf;usef&pfcJhwJh [kd&mwD,yfpfukd olwkdYjrifMuw,f/ olYqD jyefajy;oGm;zkdYtvkyfrSm jrpful;wHwm;MuD;u rdk;MudK;ypfoHvdk toHMuD;ay;jyD; ½kwfw&ufjrpfxJusdK;usoGm;awmhw,f/

wpfzufurf;eJY tquftoG,f vHk;0jywfawmufoGm;jyDrdkY a&mrawG0rf;yef;womeJJY tlvdIuf onff;vIduf atmfMu? [pfMu jrL;xl;Muw,f/wHwm;MuD;usdK;usoGm;jyDrdkY wyfpfuif ppfom;awG b,fvdkrS 'Dbuful;rvmEdkifMuawmhbl;/

owådcJ [dkk&mwD,yfpfuawmh [dkbufxdyfrSm wpfa,mufwnf;&yfaeqJyg/ wyfpfuif ppfom;awGu olYa&SUrSm? olUaemuffausmrSmawmheuf½dIif;us,fjyefY vSwJh wdkifAmjrpfMuD;/


'DtcsdeffrSmyJ wyfpfuifawGeJY yl;aygif;cJhwJh opömazmuf qufwyfpf

u ]oludk owfypfffvdkufyg? owfypfvdkufyg}vdkY atmfajymaew,f/

wyfpfuifbk&if vm;pfuvnf; vufeufcszdkY [dk&mwD,yfpfudk vSrf;

ajymvkkdufw,f/

'gayrJh [dk&mwD,yfpfu olwdkYudk wpfpufuav;rSk *½krpdkufbl;/

pum;vnf; wpfcGef;rS jyefrajymbl;/ a&mrudk jyefa&mufoGm;atmif

tEÅ&m,fuif;uif;eJY o,faqmifoGm;ay;zdkY wdkifAmjrpfMuD;udk MunfhjyD;

wdkifwnfqkawmif;&if; a&pD;tifrwefoefwJh wdkifAmjrpfMuD;xJ ckefcsvdkuf

w,f/

tm;vHk; Muufao aooGm;Mu&w,f/ jrpfxJudk jydKifwlMunfhvdkuf

Muw,f/ vdIif;vHk;awGMum;rSm ay:ay:vmwJh olYOD;acgif;udk vSrf;jrifMu&

w,f/ a&mrppfom;awGu tHhMo0rf;omjzpfjyD; atmf[pftm;ay;aeMuw,f/bk&ifMuD; vm;pfu]olYwdkif;jynf a&mrudk ab;tEÅ&m,fuif;&Sif;pGmeJY a&mufoGm;Edkif

atmif olYudk bk&m;ocif ulray;awmfrlyg? olYvdk taMumuft&GHUuif;wJhvli,frsKd; uREfkyf wpfcgrS rawGUcJhzl;yg}vdkkY qkawmif;&if; a&&Gwfvdkufw,f/wu,fawmh tJ'DtcsdefrSm [kd&mwD;,yfpfukd a&epfaoapcsifwJhvlqkdvkdYopömazmuf qufwyfpf wpfa,mufyJ&Sdw,f/

tm;vHk;[m &ifoyfjyD; apmifhMunfhaeMuqJjzpfw,f/ wdkif;AmjrpfMuD;[m eufw,ff? a&pD;odyfoefw,f? 'gaMumifh tm;vHk;vdkvdku [dk&mwD,yfpfwpfzufurf;ta&muf ul;Edkifyghrvm;vdkkY oHo,0ifjyD; &ifwxdwfxdwfjzpfaeMuw,f/olYrSm 'Pf&mvnf;&xm;w,f/ aoG;xGufrsm;vdkY tm;vnf;odyfenf;aew,fqdkawmh wu,fhylp&m/

'gayrJh aemufqHk;awmh a&mrurf;bufu ajcmufaoGUwJh ajrjyifxufrSm ol jyefrwfwyf&yfEdkifcJhw,f/ a&mrawGu olUudkxrf;jyD; a&mrjrdKUMuD;xJ0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om o,foGm;Muw,f/

'Djzpf&yf[m vGefcJhwJh ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm;u jzpf&yfyg/ 'gayrJh a&mrom;awGuawmh [kdwpfcsdef owÅdjycJhMuwJh wpfaeYrSm [dk&mwD,yfpfuwdkifAmjrpful;wHwm; wpfzufxdyfuae a&mrudk b,fvdk b,fyHk ktumtuG,fay;cJhw,fqdkwJh tHhzG,fo&JyHkjyifudk uaeYwdkif ajymaeMuqJyJjzpfw,f/

n


ief;rsm;bk&if a½TawmifyH&Sifief;rsm;bk&if a½TawmifyH&Sifief;rsm;bk&if a½TawmifyH&Sifief;rsm;bk&if a½TawmifyH&Sifief;rsm;bk&if a½TawmifyH&Sif

wpfaeYrSm Am&mPoDjynfMuD;&JU aumif;uifjyifwpfckvHk; a&Ta&mifawGzHk;oGm;w,f/ wdkif;oljynfom;awG[m tHhMo0rf;ompdwfeJY ]a[h a[hMunfhvdkufMuprf;? wdkYwdkif;jynfMuD;ay: a&Ta&mifwdrfvdyfawG wa&GUa&GUjzwfausmfaew,fuGJU}vdkY atmfMu [pfMu wpfOD;ukdwpfOD; ajymjyMueJYtkwffatmfaomif;wif; jzpfaew,f/ trSefuawmh wdkif;oljynfom;awGxifaeMuovdk a&Ta&mifwdrfvdyfawG r[kwfbl;? aemufjyD; Mu,fwpfvHk;uoloGm;&mvrf;rSm csefypfcJhwJh a&Tom;ppfppfawGvnf; r[kwfbl;/ a&Ta&mifawGzHk;oGm;&wmu tifrwef vSyMuD;rm;wJh ief;MuD;wpfaumif&JU awmifyHESpfzufu jzmusaewJh a&mifrQifwef;awGaMumifhyg/'Da&Ta&mif0if;aewJh ief;MuD;[mtckqdk&if avudkjzwfjyD; cefnm;vSyvGef;pGm jiddrhfjidrfhat;at; ysHoef;aew,f/

bk&ifuvnf; eef;awmfarQmfpifxdyfwufjyD; &ifoyf½Iarmjzpfaew,f/Munfhr0 ½IrjiD; vSjyD&if;vSrdkkY ] aumif;uifudk jzwfysHoef;aewJh toifiSufMuD;? oifum; usufoa&&SdvGef;aypG? oifum; iSuftaygif;\bk&ifom jzpfacsrnf}vdkY a&&GwfcsD;usL;rdw,f/

bk&if[m 0rf;omtm;& jzpfvGef;ru jzpfjyD; eef;wGif;om;awGtm;vHk;udk ac:w,f/ csdKomMunfat;wJh wl&d,mawG wD;cwfapw,f/yef;uHk;awG tarT;eHYoma&awG ,lvmapw,f/ 'g[m olYwkdif;jynfay:rarQmfvifhbJa&mufvmwJh usufoa&taygif; canmif;aewJh {nfhonfawmfwpfOD;udk bk&ifudk,fwdkifu *kPfjyKMudKqdkwJh oabmt"dyÜm,fyJ/


a&TawmifyH&Sif ief;MuD;uvnf; iHkYMunfhw,f/ bk&iftygt0if

eef;awmfom;awGudk awGYvdkufw,f/ yef;uHk;awGudkvnf; vSrf;jrifwmyJ/

om,mcsdKat;wJh *DwoHudkyg Mum;ae&w,f/ 'Dawmh ief;MuD;u aemuf

awmfyg ief;awGbuf vSnfhvdkufjyD;

]Am&mPoDjynfh&Sifu bmaMumifh ighudk ,ckuJhodkY *kPfjyK&wmvJ}vdkY

ar;Munfhw,f/

]t&Sif Am&mPoDjynfh&Sifu t&SifeJY rdwfaqGjzpfvdkwmaMumifh

,ckuJhodkY *kPfjyKwmjzpfygw,f}

'Dtajzpum;aMumifh a&Tief;MuD;[m ajrjyiffxuf qif;oufvdkufjyD;

bk&ifhudk EIwfcGef;qufw,f? jyD;rS aumif;uifxJrSm usef&pfcJhwJh aemufawmfyg

ief;awGqD ysHwufoGm;w,f/

aemufwpfaeY bk&ifu ]taemuw} a&uefab;rSm&SdwJh O,smOf

awmfxJ vrf;avQmufaecdkuf a&Tief;MuD;a&mufvmjyefw,f? ief;MuD;[m

awmifyHwpfzufay:rSm a&udkwif usefawmifyHwpfzufay:rSmawmh eHYomrIefY

awGwifjyD; a&mufvmwmjzpfw,f/ 'DwpfMudrfrSmvnf; ief;MuD;u cPwm

av;yJ aew,f/ bk&ifudk a&eJYzsef;? eHYomrIefYawG vdrf;usHay;jyD; yxr

tMudrfwkef;uvdkyJ aumif;uifxJrSm usef&pfcJhwJh aemufawmfyg ief;awGqD

ysHwufoGm;wmyJ/ aemufawmh olYaejynfawmf ]pdwÅ*kwÅ}buf OD;wnf

ysHoef;oGm;awmhw,f/

&ufawG ukefvGefvmcJhjyD ? Mo bmvdkvdkkeJY ief;MuD; a&mufrvmwm

awmif tawmfMumaerSyJ? bk&ifuvnf; ief;MuD;udk odyfvGrf;aejyD/

xyfrHawGUqHkcsifpdwfawG wm;rEdkifqD;r& jzpfaejyD/ ]taemuw} a&uef

MuD;em; aeYpOf xGufavQmufwdkif; bk&if[m [dk rdk;ukwfpuf0dkif;txd

arQmfMunfhrdw,f/ bmxl;jcm;rIrS rjrifawGY&wJhtcg oufjyif;csjyD;] tif;

ighrdwfaqG aemufwpfMudrfrS vmrS vmygOD;rvm;}vdkY 0rf;enf;ylyefpdwfeJY

a&&Gwfrdw,f/

ief;MuD;uawmh bk&ifeJY tvGefw&m a0;uGmvGef;&m olYaejynfawmf

]pdwÅ*kwÅ} awmifMuD;awGay:rSm ief;udk;aomif;eJY pdwfvufMunfom


csrf;ajrYpGmeJY aeaew,f/ wu,fawmh 'Dief;MuD;[m ief;taygif;&JU

bk&ifyJ/ ief;taygif;u olwdkYbk&ifudkodyfjyD; av;pm;cspfcifjrwfEdk;Muw,f/

wpfaeY ief;awGxJu ti,fqHk;ief;uav;ESpfaumif[m ief;bk&ifh

a&SUarSmuf ta&muf0if OD;ñTwf t½dktaoay;jyD; wifavQmufMuw,f/

]t&Sif uREfkyfwdkYESpfOD; t&SifhxHyg;rScGJcGmoGm;Muygawmhr,f? uREfkyfwdkY

ESpfOD; aerif;eJY tajy;jydKifMurSm jzpfygw,f}

]tdk ief;i,fuav;wdkY? aeeJYtajy;jydKifzdkY oifief;av;ESpfaumif&JU

awmifyHav;awGuao;i,fvGef;vSw,f? vrf;wpf0ufrSm oifwdkY aoaus

oGm;Edkifw,f? rrdkufcsifMuprf;ygeJY ief;av;wdkY? tajy;jydKifzdkY roGm;MuygeJY}

ief;uav;ESpfaumifu acgif;odyfrmw,f/yxrtMudrf ief;bk&if

MuD;u oabmrwlawmh 'kwd,tMudrf ajymMujyefw,f/ 'kwd,tMudrf

oabmrwl cGifhrjyKawmh wwd,tMudrfxyfajymMuw,f/ wwd,tMudrf

rSmvnf; ief;MuD;oabmxm;u bmrS xljcm;rvmbl;/ 'gaMumifh

ief;bk&if oabmwl cGifhjyKEdkifwJhtxd rapmifhawmhbJ xGufcGmoGm;MuzdkY

qHk;jzwfMuw,f/

aea&mifrxGufjyLcifrSm ief;uav;ESpfaumiffu ],k*E¨mawmiff} qD

OD;wnfxGufvmcJhMuw,f/ ],k*E¨mawmif} rSmyJ aeay:xGef;vmwJhtxd

olwdkY apmifhMuw,f/

ief;bk&ifu ajymrEdkif qdkr& irdkufom; ief;uav;ESpfaumif

xGufoGm;Muwmudk odw,f/ ,k*EmawmifxdyfrSm tck apmifhaeMuwmudkyg

odw,f/ 'gaMumifh ief;bk&if[m pdwfrcsEdkifawmhbJ ,k*E¨mawmifqD

tjrefysHoGm;w,f/

aumif;uifxJu aevHk;&J&JMuD; xGufjyLtvmrSm ief;av;ESpfaumifu

awmifyHav;awGjzefYjyD; pysHoeff;Muw,f/ aeeJY olwdkYav;ESpfaumif

tajy;jydKifjyDaygh/ ief;bk&ifvnf; olwdkYav;ESpfaumifaemufu &ifwrreJY

ysHvdkuf&jyDaygh/

ESpfaumifteuf ief;i,fav;u tcsdeftenf;i,fysHoef;vdkufwmeJY

tawmifcwfwm aES;vmw,f/ awmifyHav;awGu olYcE¨mudk,fav;udk

odyfMumMum o,faqmifEdkifyHk r&awmhbl;/ 'DtcsdefrSm ief;bk&ifu


ief;av;eJY rvSrf;rurf;rSm ysHvdkufaew,f/ wpfpwpfpeJY ief;av;tawmif

anmif;jyD; ajrjyifay:usawmhr,ftcsdefrSm ieff;bk&if[m ieff;av;em;

uyfoGm;jyD; tm;ay;w,f/ ESpfodrfw,f/ jyD;awmh ief;av;udk olY

awmifyHMuD;ay: wifvdkufjyD; pdwå*kwå aejynfawmfMuD;qD tjrefo,faqmif

oGm;awmhw,f/

pdwÅ*kwÅa&mufwmeJY ief;uav;udk awmifyHxufucs? qufjydKif

aeqJ usefief;uav; wpfaumiffqD tvsiftjrefysHoef;cJhw,f/ aexuf

ydkvsifjrefwJh t&Sdeft[kefeJY ysHoef;cJhwmrdkY ieff;uav;qD tcsdefrSDjyefa&muf

vmcJhw,f/

]t&Sif? uREfkyfqufrysHEkdifawmhyg}

MuD;jrwffvSwJhief;bk&if[m ief;uav;udk ollUawmifyHay:nifnif

omom wifaqmifjyD; ]pdwå*kwå}aejynfawmfqD jyefvnfac:aqmiffvm

cJhw,f/

]tck tjrifhqHk;ae&mrSma&mufaewJh aeeJY ig jydKif&if b,fvdkrsm;

jzpfrvJ}

'DtawG; aphaqmfrIaMumifh ief;bk&if[m wdrfwdkufawGudk

xdk;azmuf?[dkaumif;uiftjrifhMuD;xJ wpf[kefxdk;ysHwuf? rem;wrf;ysH/

aemufqHk;awmh aexuf tqaygif;wpfaxmif omvGefoGm;awmhw,f/

'gayrJh ief;bk&ifpdwfxJ tawG;wpfrsdK;½kwfw&uf0ifvmjyefw,f/

]ae[m ightwGuf bmrdkYvJ? bmaMumifh ig oleJYjydKifae&rSmvJ?

aeeJYjydKifa&;xuf tqaygif;rsm;pGm ta&;yg t&ma&mufvSwJh wm0efMuD;

wpf&yfu ighudk apmifhqdkif;aeao;w,f? ig[m ighrdwfaqG Am&mPoD

jynfh&SifxHoGm;jyD; tusdK;rsm; wefzdk;&SdvSwJh pum;awG ajymqdk&OD;r,f?

tJvdkom ajymqdkEdkif&if bk&ifeJY olYjynfolawG ½Tifvef;0rf;ajrmufMuvdrfhr,f}

ief;bk&if[m urÇmtESHUysHoef;vdkufw,f/ urÇmonfbufpGef;uae

urÇm[dkbufpGef;xdatmif wpf[kefxdk; ysHoef;w,f/ aemufqHk;rSm Am&mPoD

jynfMuD;ay: a&mufcJhawmhw,f/

a½TawmifyH&Sif ief;bk&if ysHvmwmeJY Am&mPoDjynfMuD;&JU

aumif;uifwpfjyifvHk; a&Ta&mifawGzHk;oGm;jyefw,f/ ief;bk&if[m nifnif

omom qif;oufcJhjyD; eef;awmfjywif;a&SUrSm em;vdkufw,f/


]tvdk usKyfrdwfaqGMuD; a&mufvmrSudk;}

bk&ifu 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om yDwdawGjzmjyD; usL;&ifhvdkufw,f/

eef;awmfwpfckvHk;vnf; aumif;csD;ay;oHawG yJhwifxyfoGm;awmhw,f/

Am&mPoDjynfh&Sifudk,fawmfwdkif a½T&mZyv’ifudk o,f,lcJhjyD; ief;bk&ifudk

zdwfrEÅujyKw,f/

]tMunfawmf? þa&T&mZyv’ifxufrSm uREfkyfeJYtwl vmxdkif

vSnfhyg}

bk&ifu a&Tief;MuD;&JUawmifyHawGudk eHYoma&arT;rsm;eJY yufzsef;

arT;xHkapw,f/ csdKat;wJhaomufa&udk aomufapw,f/ Am&mPoDjynfh&Sif

[mief;bk&ifeJYtwlxdkifjyD;Munfom&Tifys? tmvmyov’mypum;ajymw,f/

]tMunfawmf? ,ck b,fuvmcJhovJ? oif Am&mPoDjynfay:u

ysHoGm;jyD;uwnf;u uREfkyf oifhtm; apmifharQmfaecJh&ygonf? vGrf;qGwf

wrf;waecJh&ygonf}

]qdwfjidrf awmifpOf awmifwef;rsm;rSmwnf&SdwJh pdwÅ*kwÅ aejynf

awmfrS uREfkyfvmcJhygonf rif;jrwff}

onfaemufawmh ief;bk&ifu aeeJYol tajy;jydKifcJhwJhtaMumif;

ajymjyw,f/ Am&mPoDjynfh&Sifuvnf; pdwf0ifwpm; em;axmifw,f?

Munfom&Tifvef; a&awGYyef;vdk vef;qef;aew,f/

]aeeJY tMunfawmftajy;jydKifaewmudk uREfkyf ½Ipm;Edkifygrnfvm;}

]r½Ipm;Edkifyg Am&mPoDjynfh&Sif? b,fawmhrS ½Ipm;Edkifvdrfhrnf

r[kwfyg? odkYaomf enf;vrf;wpfckESifh tMunfawmfjyo&efrl jzpfEkdifyg\/

,if;enf;vrf;tm;jzifh uREfkyf\ tvsifEIef;udk ½Ipm;Edkifygonf}

]rnfodkYrnfyHk jyornfenf; tMunfawmf}

]toif\ av;onfawmfav;OD;udk ac:,lyg? ¤if;wdkYav;OD; eH&H

wpfckudk jrm;av;pif;ESifh wpfjydKifwnf;ypfcwfapyg? jrm;av;pif;pvHk;

eH&HrSmrpdkufcif uREfkyfu EIwfoD;jzifh zrf;,lygrnf}

bk&ifu ief;bk&ifajymwJhtwdkif; csufcsif; pDpOfvdkufw,f/ av;

onfawmfav;OD;u jrm;av;pif;udk wpfjydKifwnf; ypfvTwfvdkufMuw,f/

ief;bk&ifu jrm;av;pif; eH&HrSmoGm;rpdkufcif EIwfoD;eJYzrf;,lxm;vdkufw,f/

[kwfw,f/ jrm;wpfpif;rS eH&HrSm oGm;pdkufcsdefr&vdkufbl;/


]tvdk? tHhzG,fo&J xl;uJvSaypG tMunfawmf? oifhtvsifEIef;udkjyKdifEdkifonfh wjcm;tvsifEIef; &SdEdkifawmhrnf rxifyg/ rsufjrifrdkYomy?r[kwfvQif,HkEdkifzG,ftaMumif; r½Sdyg tMunfawmf}

]rif;jrwf? uREfkyf\ tvsifEIef;xuf ydkrdkjrefqefMuD;rm;aomtvsifEIef; &Sdygao;onf? uREfkyf\ tvsifEIef;xuf tqwpf&m? tqwpfaxmif? tqwpfodef; omvGefjrefqefonfrSm }tcsdef\ tvsifeIef;}yifjzpfayonf/ aysmf&TifrIrsm;? Opöm"ersm;? a&Teef;awmfMuD;rsm; tdk tm;vHk;tm;vHk;udk tvsifjrefqHk;qdkonfh tvsifxuf tcsdefu ydkí ydkívsifjrefpGm o,faqmifoGm;Edkifygonf/

ief;bk&ifpum;awGu Am&mPoDjynfh&Sifudk cPtwGif; xdwfvefYwkefvIyfoGm;apw,f/ 'gaMumifh ief;bk&ifu El;nHhodrfarGYwJh ESpfodrfhtm;ay;pum;qdk&jyefw,f/

]rif;jrwff? xdwfvefYwkefvIyfjcif;uif;ygbd? oifh wdkif;oljynfom;rsm;tm; &if0,fom;yrm MuifemcspfcifygvQif oifh wdkif;oljynfom;taygif;udk csrf;ajrUaysmf&Tifatmif MudK;pm;zefwD;ay;onfqdkygvQif tcsdefu rnfrQjrefqefaomEIef;jzifh oGm;ygap? taMumif;r[kwfEdkifawmhyg}

auseyf0rf;ajrmufjcif;? yDwdjzpfjcif; t&Sdeft[kefaMumifh Am&mPoDjynfh&Sif rsuf&nfrsm;awmifvnf&Smw,f/

]tdk MuD;jrwfvSayaom ief;bk&iffMuD;? Am&mPoDjynfMuD;udktkyfcsKyfzdkY uREfkyfwpfOD;wnf; ypfrxm;cJhygvifh? uREfkyf\ eef;awmfMuD;xJrSmxm0&aexdkifvsuf uREffkyffab;üxdkifí wefzdk;&SdvSaom pum;rsm;udk


ajymqdkay;ygvifh/ odkYqdkvQif uREfkyftvGefrSyif b0ifpdwf0rf; ½Tiffvef;

csrf;ajrhEdkifrnfrkcs jzpffygrnf? wpfcsdefwnff;rSm uREfkyf jynfolrsm;udkvnf;

uREfkyfenf;wl aysmf&Tifcsrf;ajrhap&ef uREfkkyff zefwD;Edkifygvdrfhrnf}

]þ a&TeefawmfMuD;ü xm0&ae&efum; rjzpfEdkifyg rif;jrwf?

uREfkyf oifheef;awmfxJrSm aexdkifrnf r[kwfyg? wpfaeYr[kwf wpfaeY

oifonf ao&nfrSD0JjyD; ]tJ'D ief;MuD;udk owfMuprf;[Jh? ief;om;eJY

udk,fawmf&Sifjrwf ao&nfrSD0Jawmfrlr,f}[k ajymaumif; ajymEdkifygonf/

'DtcgrSm Am&mPoDjynfh&Sifu csufcsif; uwd0EÅmcHvdkufw,ff/

]tMunfawmf pdk;&drfaESmifh vdkY aMumifhMuraeoifhyg? þa&Teef;awmf

MuD;rSm tMunfawmf aexdkifoa&GU uREfkyf b,faomtcgrS ao&nfudk

rrSD0Jyg}

]aumif;vSaypG? jcaoFhawG? iSufawG&JU atmfjrnfoHonf jywfom;

yg\? rSefuefyg\? odkYaomf vlom;rsm;\ pum;url wd&pämefrsm;\

atmfjrnfoHrsm;avmuf rjywfom;wwf? rrSefuefwwfyg rif;jrwf?

odkYaMumiffh uREfkyf oifheef;awmffrSm raeawmhyg? uREfkyf\ aejynfawmfodkYom

jyefygrnf? rnfodkYyifjzpfap oifu uREfkyftm; cspfcifjrwfEdk;aeoa&GY

uREfkyfwdkYrnfrQyif a0;uGmvifhupm; uREfkyfwdkYESpfOD; rdwfaqGjzpfaeMurnfom

jzpfygonf}

]tdk tMunfawmf/ uREffkkyf oifhudk b,fawmhrS rawGYjrifEdkifawmh

jyDavm}

]wpfaeYawmh jyefvnfa&mufvmEdkifrnf xifygonf/ onftcg

rSmvnf; uREfkyfwdkkYESpfOD; ,ckvdkyif xyfrHawGYqHkEdkifMuygOD;rnf rif;jrwf}

pum;tqHk;rSm ief;bk&ifu awmifyHtpHkudk jzefYusufjyD; avxJrS

vSyjidrfhanmif;pGm ysHwufoGm;w,f/ aumif;uifwpfjyifvHk; a&Ta&mifawG

zHk;oGm;awmhw,f/

n


vGwfvrf;&nfí udk,fwHwm;wnfcJholvGwfvrf;&nfí udk,fwHwm;wnfcJholvGwfvrf;&nfí udk,fwHwm;wnfcJholvGwfvrf;&nfí udk,fwHwm;wnfcJholvGwfvrf;&nfí udk,fwHwm;wnfcJhol

[dr0EÅmawmifwef;ay:rSm arsmufaygif; &Spfaomif;ausmfudk tkyfcsKyfaewJharsmufMuD;wpfaumif&Sdw,f/ omrefarsmufawGxuf tqaygif;rsm;pGmBuD;rm;BuHUcdkifw,f/ tifrwefvnf; cefYnm;w,f/ **FgjrpfBuD;[m 'DarsmufawG aexdkifusufpm;&m ausmufaqmifBuD;awG? ausmufwkH;BuD;awGMum;ujrpfzsm;cH pwifpD;qif;wmyJ/ ausmufaqmiftxyfxyfu jzmusvmwJha&rIefa&rTm;awG atmufrSmawmh tifrweYfudk vSycHhxnfwJh opfyifBuD;wpfyifaygufaew,f/ aEGOD;umvrsm;rSmqkd&if 'DtyifBuD;u El;nHhjzLazG;wJhyef;awG zl;yGifhvmMuw,f/ rMumcif toD;awG oD;vmyga&m/'DtoD;awG[mtHhMop&modyfaumif;w,f/ b,ftoD;rsKd;eJYrS rwlbl;/ awmifay:avuav;rsm; okwfzsef;vdkufrSjzifh 'DtoD;awG&JUt&om[m ysm;oumvdkcsdKvmawmhowJh/

arsmufawG odyfaysmfMuwmaygh? opfoD;awG cl;pm;vkdufMu? opfyifBuD;&JU t&dyfatmufrSm aysmfaysmfyg;yg; aqmhupm;vdkufMu/ wpfaeukefrarmEdkif ryef;EdkifbJaygh/

opfyifBuD;&JU wpfzufu ukdif;awG[m jrpfjyifay: udkif;nTwfusaeMuw,f/ 'gaMumifh tJ'Dudkif;awGrSm yef;awGyGifhvmNyDqkd&if 'Dyef;awGudkarsmufawGu pm;ypfvkdufMuw,f/ zsufqD;ypfMuw,f/ 'grS tJ'Dudkif;awGrSmopfoD;roD;awmhrSmukd;/ wu,fvdkY toD;oD;vm&ifvnf;yef;0wfqHavmufBuD;xGm;rvmcif cl;a>cypfvkdufMuwmcsnf;yJ/olwdkY&JUtBuD;tuJ arsmufBuD;u tEÅ&m,fudk BudKjrifxm;vdkY arsmuftm;vkH;udk owday;xm;w,fav/

]arsmuftaygif;wdkY owd&SdMuavmh? toD;wpfvkH;aomfrS jrpfxJrusapvifh? usoGm;cJhvQif xkdtoD;onf jrpfa&pD;twkdif; arsmygoGm;vdrfhrnf?aemufqkH;wGifxkdtoD;onff wpfNrdKUNrdKU? wpf&Gm&GmodkY {uefrkcsa&mufoGm;vdrhfrnf? onfvdka&mufoGm;í xkdvSyaom opfoD;BuD;udk vlawGjrifawGUoGm;MuNyDqdkvQif xdktoD;\tyifukd a&qkH;rdk;qkH; vdkufvH&SmazGMuawmhrnf? toD;awGtm;vkH;udk cl;qGwfMuawmhrnf? igwkdY arsmuftaygif;vnf; þae&mrS xGufajy;Mu&rnf rvGJyg}

arsmuftaygif;u tBuD;tuJ&JU owday;pum;udk emcHMuw,ff/


owdxm;Muw,f/ 'gaMumifhvnf; tcsdefawG Mumanmiff;vmwJhtxdjrpfxJukd opfoD;wpfvkH; ruscJhbl;/ 'gayrJh opf&GufawGMum;u yk&GufqdwftkHBuD;uG,fxm;vdkY arsmufawG rjrifawGUEdkifwJh toD;wpfvkH;awmh&Sdaew,f/'DtoD;[m odyfudkBuD;rm;w,f/ odyfukdvSw,f/ 0if;rSnfhaevdkufwmrsm;a&Ta&mifudk awmufaew,f/ wpfaeYawmh 'DtoD;BuD; jrpfxJa<uusoGm;ygava&m jrpfa&pD;twkdif; atmufbufarsmygoGm;awmhwmaygh/ jrpfa&[mausmufaqmifxlxyfwJh awmifukef;udkjzwf? csKdifh0Srf;awGxJ pD;0if&muaemufqkH; **Fgjrpfurf;ay:rSmwnf&SdwJh Am&mPoDjynfBuD;teD;u pD;qif;oGm;w,f/ 'Dawmh arsmygvmwJh opfoD;BuD;[mvnf; Am&mPoDjynfBuD;teD; a&mufvmcJhNyDaygh/

'Dvdk a&mufvmwJhaeYrSmyJ jA[®'wfbk&if[m **FgjrpfxJ qif;a&upm;awmfrlw,f/ bk&if a&upm;wJhae&mu wHigonfawGcsxm;wJhydkufuGefESpfckMum;rSm/ vIdif;uav;awGu <uae ajy;aew,f/ aejcnfwef;uav;awGu a&jyifukd xderf;aeMuw,f/ 'Daejcnfweff;uav;awGeJYawmifbk&ifu aysmfaysmfyg;yg; upm;aevkdufao;w,f/ 'DtcsdefrSm opfoD;BuD;ydkufuGefxJ 0ifvmw,f/

]tvdk odyfukdvSygvm;? 'DavmufvSwJhtoD;udk b,ftyifrsKd;uoD;ygvdrfh}

opfoD;BuD;udk t&ifqkH; vSrf;jrifvkdufwJh wHigonf[m tHhtm;oifhoGm;w,f/ 0rf;omoGm;w,f/ odyfvnf;auseyfaew,f/ 'Dvdk cHpm;rIrsKd;pkH&JUa&mifjyefawGu olYrsufvkH;tpkHrSm txift&Sm; xif[yfaew,f/ olYrsufvkH;tpkH[m &Tef;vufaew,f/ rqkdif;rwGbJ ol[m opfoD;BuD;udk0rf;omtm;& vSrf;,lvkdufw,f/ NyD;awmh teD;rSm a&upm;aewJh jA[®'wfbk&ifukd jyovdkufw,f/

jA[®'wfbk&if[m opfoD;BuD;ukd jrifvkdufwmeJYwpfNydKifeuf ai;pdkufoGm;w,f/ pum;rajymEdkifbl;/ tHhMopdwfawG w&dyf&dyfwufvmaew,f/tawmfav;MumoGm;rSom ]tif; 'DtoD;rsKd;oD;wJhtyifudk b,frSmrsm;awGUEdkifygvdrfh} vdkY rSef;arQmfawG;Munfhvdkufonf/

b,favmufawG;awG;? b,fvdkawG;awG; awG;vdkYr&wmrdkY jrpfurf;yg;ay:rSm&SdwJh opfckwform;tcsKdUukd vSrf;ac:vkdufNyD; 'DtoD;BuD;ukd olwdkYod rod ar;jref;pkHprf;Munfhw,f/


'Dawmh owfckwform;wpfa,mufu

]t&Sifrif;BuD; 'DtoD;[m o&ufoD;jzpfygw,f? ½dk;½dk;o&ufoD;

r[kwfyg? tifrwefvSyNyD; xl;uJwJht&om&SdwJh tHhMop&mtaumif;qkH;

o&ufoD;yg? 'Do&ufoD;rsKd;u uREkfyfwdkY csdKifh0Srf;a'orSm raygufa&mufyg?

[kd **Fgjrpfnmydkif; [dr0EÅmawmifwef;BuD;ay:u awmifukef;awGMum;rSm

aygufygw,f? tJ'Dae&mrSm avuvnf; oefYpifat;jrw,f? aea&mifvnf;

wkduf½dkuf&w,f? aocsmw,ft&Sifrif;BuD;? tJ'Do&ufyif[m **Fgjrpfzsm;

ab;rSm uyfaygufae&r,f? 'DtoD;BuD; a&xJa<uuswmaMumifh jrpfa&pD;

twkdif; ckvdkarsmygvmwm jzpfygw,f} vdkY wifavQmufvkdufw,f/

bk&ifu o&ufoD;BuD;udk pm;MunfhMuzkdY opfckwform;awGudk

ajymw,f/ aemufawmh oludk,fwdkif pm;Munfhw,f/ aemufawmfygawGukd

auR;aw,f/ pm;&wJholwkdif;u]ajymrjyEdkifavmufatmmifudkt&omxl;uJvS

ygw,f? ewfMoZmqdkwm 'gyJxifyg&JU}vdkY vufzsm;cg zGifh[0efcHMuw,f/

aeYawG? nawG? &ufawG? vawG wjznf;jznf; ukefvGeffvmcJhw,f/

jA[®'wfbk&ifuawmh t&omxl;uJvGef;wJh o&ufoD;BuD;ukd wpfpuúefY

av;awmif rarhEdkifbl;/ aerxd xkdifrom *PSmrNidrfjzpfae&w,f/ tcsdef

Mumvmav? wpfBudrfwpfcgwkef;u pm;zl;wJh o&ufoD;rsKd;udk pm;csifpdwf

ykdrdkjyif;xefvmavyJ/ aemufqkH; olYudk n§dKUiifxm;wJh o&ufyifBuD;udk

tdyfrufxJrSm jrifrufwJhtxd jzpfvmawmhw,f/ tif; tdyfrufuvnf;

oGm;&nf,dkp&myJ/ tJ'D o&ufyifBuD;&JU tudkdif;wkdif; tukdif;wkdif;rSm

ysm;&nfeJYyef;0wf&nfa&mpyfxm;wJh a&TcGufaygif;wpf&m csdwfqGJxm;w,f

qdkyJ/ tdyfrufujzifh bk&ifhudk rD;avmif&mavyifh vkyfNyDav/

'Dtyifukd rawGUawGUatmif&SmrS jzpfacsawmhr,f/

ratmifhEkdifawmhwJh wpfaeYrSm jA[®'wfbk&ifu qkH;jzwfcsuf

csvdkufw,f/ bk&if tcsdefqGJraeawmhbl;/ **Fjrpfukd qefwufzdkY avS

wpfpif; csufcsif;wnfaqmufcdkif;w,f/ [dr0EÅm awmifpOfawmifwef;

ay:rSm 'Do&ufyifBuD; &Sdukd&Sd&r,fvdkY bk&ifu aocsmaygufwGufxm;NyDukd;/

avSwnfaqmufNyD;wmeJY avSorm;rsm;eJYtwl jA[®'wfbk&if vdkufyg

oGm;w,f/


**Fgjrpfukd qefwwfvmcJh&wJh c&D;wmu tifrwefYukd &Snfvsm;vGef;w,f/ yef;cif;awG? v,fuGif;awGukd ausmfcJh&w,f/ 'gayrJhaemufqkH;awmh wpfnaerSm [dr0EÅmawmiffwef;ay:u awmifukeff;awGay:acsmacsmarmarm qkdufqkdufNrdKufNrdKuf a&mufoGm;Muawmhw,f/ avSorm;awGu [dk cyfvSrf;vSrf;qD arQmfMunfhMuw,f/ olwdkY bmawGukdrsm;jrifMuygvdrfh/ Mo vufpowfawmh 'DrSmukd;/ awGYNyD awGUNyD/ tawmifhwBuD;awmifhwcJh&wJh o&ufyifBuD;ukd va&mif&Tef;jrjratmufrSm jrifMu&NyD/Munfhprf; vSvdkufwJh tyifBuD;/ t&GufawGMum;u o&ufoD;rSnfhBuD;awGuvnf; a&Ta&mifawmufvdkY/ 0if;vdkY xdefvdkY/ vSvdkufwm/ tvdk? aeOD;?aeOD;/ opukdif;awGay:rSm vIyfvIyf vIyfvIyfeJY awGUMu&JU r[kwfvm;/bmawGrsm;ygvdrfh/ a[m a[m Munhfprf;? Munfhvkdufprf;/ opf&GufawGMum;u avQmqif;oGm;MuwJh qef;qef;jym;jym; t&dyfawGav/ jrifw,fr[kwfvm;/

]Mo wpfjcm;[kwfyg½dk;vm;? tJ'g arsmuftkyfBuD;yJ}

aemufawmfygwpfa,mufu taotcsmMunfhNyD; ajymvkdufw,f

qkd&ifyJ bk&i tHhtm;oifhoGm;w,f/ a&TpdwfawmfndK tvdkrus[ef ay:vm

w,f/

]arsmufawG [kwfp? toD;awGudk 'if;wkdYu pm;aeMuowJhvm;?

[if; 'if;wdkY rpm;&bl;? rpm;ap&bl;? uJ aemufawmfygwdkY arsmufawG

vGwfxGufroGm;&atmif tyifudk 0kdif;xm;Mu? t½kPfusif;wmeJY 'if;wdkY

tm;vkH;ukd ypfowfpm;&r,f? o&ufoD;awGudkvnf; wkdYyJpm;&r,f}

bk&ifhEIwfawmfxGufpum;udk arsmufawG em;eJY qwfqwfMum;Mu

&awmh wkefvIyfacsmufcsm;ukefw,f/ xdwfvefYukefw,f/ 'gaMumifh

tBuD;tuJ arsmufBuD;qD tjrefqkH; csOf;uyfMuNyD; ]uREkfyfwdkY&JU av;pm;

cspfcif&ygaom arsmufrif;? arsmufrif; uREkfyfwkdYudk owday;cJhwm

rSefygw,f?'gayrJh o&ufoD;MuD;wpfvkH;uawmh jrpfxJa<uusoGm;cJhwm

aocsmygNyD? uREkfyfwdkYqDudk ,ck vlawGa&mufvmMuygNyD? 'DvlawGu

uRefawmfwkdY&JU a[m'DtyifBuD;udk 0dkif;xm;vdkufMuNyD? uREkfyfwkdY vGwfvrf;

r&Sdawmhyg? 'DtyifBuD;eJY teD;qkH;qdkwJh opfyifuvnf; tawmfhudk vSrf;ae

wmrdkY tJ'D tyifqDa&mufatmif uREkfyfwkdY ckeful;EdkifpGrf; r&SdMuyg?


vlawGxJu wpfa,mufajymoHukd uREkfyfwdkY em;eJYqwfqwf Mum;cJh&ygNyD?

t½kPfusif;wmeJY 'if;wkdYtm;vkH;ukd ypfowfpm;&r,f? o&ufoD;awGudk

vnf; wkdYyJpm;&r,f} wJh/

'DtcgrSm tBuD;tuJarsmufBuD;u ]toif arsmuftaygif;wdkY?

rpkd;&drfMuygvifh? raMumufMuygvifh? ig oifwkdYtm;vkH;ukd u,fwifygthH}vdkY

tm;ay;ESpfodrfhNyD; o&ufyifBuD;&JU xdyfqkH;tudkif;qD ta&mufajy;wwf

oGm;w,f/ xdyqkH;tudkif; a&mufoGm;wJhtcg av&JU vsifjrefwJht[kefrsKd;eJY

jrpfwpfzufurf;ay:u teD;qkH; opfyifBuD;qDta&muf vTm;ceJckeful;

vkdufw,f/ arsmufBuD;rSm tcsdefr&Sdbl;/ EG,fwpfyifukd tjrpfuae

jrefjreffqefqef EIwf,lw,f/

[efusacsNyD? 'DEG,fyifwpfzufpeJY a[m'DtyifBuD;udk csnfwkyf

&r,f?usefwpfzufpeJY igh ajcwpfzufukd csnfr,f? NyD;wmeJY o&ufyifBuD;qD

ta&muf igjyefckeful;&r,? o&ufyifBuD;qD acsmacsmarmarm jyefa&muf

zkdYyJ vkdw,f? jyefa&muf&if EG,fBudK;wHwm;jzpfoGm;NyD? 'DEG,fBudK;wHwm;twdkif;

igh a>c&Hoif;yif;tm;vkH;udk jzwful;apr,f? tif; 'DEG,fBudK;[m [dk

o&ufyifBuD;rSm csnfvdkYjzpfwJhtxd &SnfrS&Snfyghrvm;? tkd rwwfEdkifbl;?

rjzpf&if jzpfovdk zefwD;&r,f/

pdwful;MuHq&if; arsmufBuD; pdwfESvkH; csrf;ajrhoGm;w,f/ 'Dcsrf;ajrh

pdwfeJYtwl &SdorQtm;awGoGif;NyD; o&ufyifBuD;buf vTm;ceJ jyefckeful;

vkdufw,f/ tvdk 'ku©? 'ku©yJ/ EG,fBudK;u enf;enf;wkdaeygvm;/ tif;

o&ufukdif;wpfukdif;udk ig vSrf;qGJvkdY jzpfwJhtxd EG,fBudK;&SnfwmyJ ig

uHaumif;vSNyD? [,f rwwfEdkifacsbl;/ o&ufudkif;udk 'Dtwkdif; ig

vufeJYrvGwfwrf; qGJay;xm;awmhr,f/ ighudk,fudk wHwm;cif;ay;xm;

awmhr,f/

arsmufBuD;u tqkH;tjzwftwkdif; aqmif&GufzkdY pwifawmhw,f/

ol[m vSrf;qGJxm;wJh opfukdif; vGwfroGm;&avatmif cGeftm;ykdrdk

pdkufxkwfvdkufNyD; NrJNrJNrHNrH qkyfudkifxm;vdkufw,f/

]arsmuftaygif;wkdY? EG,fBudK;wHwm;eJY ul;jzwfEdkifatmif ighausmay:

eif;oGm;Muaya&mh? oifwkdYtm;vkH; vGwfajrmufMuygvdrfhr,f}

arsmufawG arsmufawG wpfaumifcsif; wpfaumifcsif; arsmufBuD;&JU

ausmjyifxufay: wufeif;NyD; arsmufBuD;ajcwpfzufrSm wef;vef;BuD;


jzpfaewJh EG,fBudK;qDta&muf qufavQmufoGm;Muw,f/ tJ tJ'Dvdk

ausmfeif;oGm;MuwJh arsmufawGxJu a'0'wf trnf&SdwJh arsmufwpfaumif

uawmh arsmufBuD;&JUausmay: ½kd;½dk;reif;bJ tm;ukefckefeif;ypfvkdufw,f/

tvdk emvScsnf&JUav;? ighausm½kd; usKd;NyDxif&JU/

toHxGufNyD; nnf;wGm;vdkufayr,fh tMuifemw&m; acgif;yg;

vGef;wJh arsmufa'0'wfuawmh wpfcsufuav;awmif ikHYrMunfhbJ

qufavQmufoGm;w,f/ arsmufBuD;crsmrSmawmh emusifwJha0'emukd tjyif;

txef cHpm;&if; vufwGif;u opfukdif; vGwfrxGufoGm;atmif BudK;pm;

qkyfqGJay;xm;&&Smw,f/

'Djzpf&yfawGtm;vkH;udk jA[®'wfbk&ifu tptqkH; jrifae&w,f/

arsmufBuD;&JU rjrif&ufp&mtjzpfudk ai;pdkufMunfhaerd&if; jA[®'wfbk&if&JU

&ifwGif;rSm wppfppf emusifvmawmhw,f/ arsmufBuD;tay: tvGeftrif;

oem;rdwJhpdwfawG 0ifvmawmhw,f/ tonf;vIyfcwf wzswfzswfckef&mu

rsuf&nfpawG a0vmawmhw,f/

jA[®'wfbk&if[m 'Dtwkdif; qufMunfhraeEkdif&ufawmhbl;/

][Jh [Jh? arsmufBuD;ukd atmufa&mufatmif jrefjrefvkyfMuyg[Jh/

a&mh a&mh a[m'D tarT;BudKifqkH; a&arT;eHUomrsm;eJY arsmufBuD;&JU

udk,fvufawGudk oefYpifay;Muprf;? aemufNyD; a[m'D NcHKxnft0gBuD;eJU

aEG;aEG;axG;axG;jzpfatmif NcHKay;xm;Muyg[Jh?

a&wkdufzkdYvnf; rarhMueJY}}

aemufawmfygrsm;u arsmufBuD;ukd

opfyifatmufta&muf0dkif;NyD; tomt,m

o,fcsvmMuw,f/ tarT;eHYom&nf

rsm;eJY udk,fvufoefYpif

ay;Muw,f/

t0ga&mifNcHKxnfBuD;eJY

vTrf;NcHKay;xm;Muw,f/


ckawmh arsmufBuD;crsm o&ufyifBuD;atmufrSm NidrfNidrfoufoufuav;vJavsmif;ae&SmNyD/ jA[®'wfbk&ifu arsmufBuD;em; vmxkdifw,f/

]toifarsmufBuD;? oif[m wjcm;aom arsmufrsm;twGuf oifhcEmudk,fudk wHwm;cif;ay;cJhNyD? xkdvkyf&yfrsKd;aMumifh oifhtouf qkH;½IH;oGm;EdkifaMumif; oif rodygoavm? oifh a>c&Hoif;yif;taygif;udk u,fwifzkdYoifonf oifhtoufukd ay;qufcJhacsNyD? tkd toifarsmufolawmfpifBuD;oifum; tolenf;? olwdkYwpfawGua&m tolawGygenf;}

]rif;BuD; uREkfyfonf olwkdY\ tBuD;tuJ? olwkdY\ a&SUaqmifvrf;jyjzpfonf? olwkdYwpfawGonf uREkfyfESifhtwl þo&ufyifBuD;ü aexkdifMuonf? uREkfyfonfolwdkYzcifqkdvnf; rSefyg\? uREkfyfuvnf;olwdkYtm;vkH;udk&if0,fom;yrm cspfvSyg\/ xkdYaMumifh olwkdYtm;vkH; vGwfajrmufrItwGufuREkfyf BudK;pm;BuHaqmifcJhyg\/ ,ck olwkdYtm;vkH; vGwfajrmufoGm;MuayNyD?,cktcsdefwGif uREkfyfonf þavmuBuD;xJrS cGJcGm&onfhwkdif 0rf;enf;aMuuGJrI pkd;pOf;i,frQ cHpm;&awmhrnf r[kwfyg? tu,fí uREkfyf\aoqkH;rIonf t&Sifrif;BuD;twGufvnf; aumif;aomoifcef;pm wpfpkHwpf&mjzpftHh? uREkfyf ,ckxufykdí aysmf&TifMunfEl;rdrnf jzpfygonf/trSeftm;jzifh oifhtm; bk&ifjzpfaponfrSm oifh"m;vufeuf r[kwfygacs/cspfjcif;arwåmwpfckwnf;uom oifhtm; bk&ifjzpfapjcif; jzpfayonf/wkdif;oljynfom;rsm;ukd wefckd;tmPmjzifh rtkyfcsKyfoifhyg? tb,fhaMumifh[lrlolwdkYonf oifha>c&Hoif;yif;rsm; jzpfMuonfhtwGufyif jzpfonf/ wkdif;oljynfom;rsm;ukd cspfjcif;arwåmjzifhom tkyfcsKyfoifhygonf? tb,faMumifh[lrl olwdkYonf oifhom;orD;rsm; jzpfMuonfhtwGufyif jzpfonf/,if;enf;tm;jzifhom oif bk&if jzpfEdkifygvdrhfrnf/ tkd bk&ifjA[®'wf?uREkfyfaoqkH;oGm;onfhaemufydkif;rSmvnf; uREkfyf\pum;rsm;ukd rarhaysmufygvifh}

cPtMumrSm olawmfpifarsmufBuD;&JU rsufpdtpkH rSdwfoGm;awmhw,f/jA[®'wfbk&if odyfukd 0rf;enf;aMuuGJoGm;w,f/ aemufydkif;rSm

bk&ifu olawmfpifarsmufBuD;twGuf &nfrSef;NyD; oefYpifjzLazG;wJh bk&m;ausmif;wpfausmif; aqmufvkyfvSL'gef;cJhw,f/ 'Dbk&m;ausmif;BuD;ujA[®'wfbk&ifukd olawmfpifarsmufBuD;&JU trSmpum;awG rarhraysmuf&avatmif xm0& owday;aeawmhrSm jzpfw,f/

n


'&Dwm&Mw'&Dwm&Mw'&Dwm&Mw'&Dwm&Mw'&Dwm&Mw

urÇmay:rSm a&uefawGtrsm;BuD;&Sdwmaygh/a&uefjymwJh/ a&uefpdrf;wJh/trsdK;pHkygyJ/ wcsdKUa&uefawGrSm MumjzLawG aygufw,f/ wcsdKU a&uefuawmh ief;jzLMuD;awG aysmfpH&mjzpfw,f/ a&uefwdkif;vdkvdk[m wpfrsdK;r[kwfwpfrsdK; vSaeMuwmyJ/ 'gayrJh ]remqm} a&uefMuD;&JUtvSudk b,fa&uefurS rrDbl;/ aumif;uifrSm a&mifpHkjzmovdk remqm a&uefMuD;twGif;rSm a&mifpHkjrL;aew,f/ uefywfvnfrSm xl;qef;wJh yef;tvSawGzl;yGifhaew,f/ 'Dyef;tvSawGrSm ysm;&nfawG pkaew,f/ ]ysm;&nfodk}yef;awGu uefa&MunfrSm t&dyfxifaeawmh uef&JUtvS[m ydkjyD; xl;jcm;aeawmhwmaygh/

remqm a&uefftvSMuD;xJrSm ief;ajcmufaomif;aexdkifMuw,f/tJ'D ief;ajcmufaomif;&JU bk&ifu ]'&Dwm&Mw} yJ/ ]qrkc} uawmh ief;ppfonfrsm;&JU tcsKyfjzpfw,f/

ief;tm;vHk;[m a&olrav;awGvdk vSyausmh&Sif;aew,f/ qrkcuvnf; cefYnm;w,f/ oefrmxGm;MudKif;w,f/ 'gayrJh ief;bk&ifeJYawmhb,fvdkrS r,SOfombl;/ ief;bk&if&JU awmifyHarG;awG[m aiGa&mifawmufaew,f/ ntcgrSm ief;bk&if a&uefxJ jidrfhjidrfhav;vGifharsmaejyDqdkrSjzifhvrif;MuD; a&uefxJarsmaeovdkudk xif&w,f/

aejynfawmftoD;oD;u eef;wGif;ol eef;wGif;om;rsm;[m remqma&uefMuD;tMumif; Mum;zl;em;0 &Sdxm;Muwmcsnf;yJ/ 'gaMumifhvnf;olwdkYu olwdkY&JUt&Sifocif bk&ifawGudk 'Da&uefMuD;taMumif; tcgtcGifhoifhwdkif; tm;yg;w& avQmufwifMuw,f/ bk&ifawGuvnf; pdwf0ifwpm;a&Tem;qifMuw,f/ vSyvGef;wJh tJ'D ief;rsdK;EG,fpkudk &ifoyfcsD;usL;Muw,f/ief;wdkkY&JU bk&if '&Dwm&MweJY qrkcwdkYtaMumif; Mum;od&jyefwJhtcgodyftHhMoMuw,f/ Am&mPoDjynfh&Sif bk&ifjA[®'wfqdk&if tJ'D uefMuD;eJYief;tvSawGudk rawGUjrif& raeEdkifawmhavmufatmif jzpfvmw,f/

'gaMumifh wpfaeYrSm eef;wGif;ol eef;wGif;om;awGtm;vHk;udkac:,ljyD; pHkprf;ar;jref;awmhw,f/

]usKyf&JU ynm&SdtrwfMuD;eJY opömawmfcHrsm;? usKyfawmhtawmfudk tcufMuHKae&jyD? jyif;jyvGef;wJh qEwpfcku usKyfudk aeYpOfeJYtrQ


zdpD;ESdyfpufaejyD? tJ'D qE´ rjynfh0oa&GU usKyf pdwfcsrf;omEdkifawmhrSm

r[kwfawmhbl;}

]t&Sifrif;jrwf&JU qE´udk uREfkyfwdkYtm; rdefY[ jrGufMum;apvdkygw,f?

t&Sifrif;jrwf}

]remqma&uefMuD;rSm aexdkifwJh ief;bk&ifeJY ]qrkc}udk usKyf

awGYjrifcsifwJh pdwfqE odyfjyif;jyaew,f? 'DqEjynfh0zdkY b,fenf;b,fyHk

aqmif&Guf &r,fqdkwm wifavQmufMuprf;yg}

'Dawmh trwfMuD;wpfOD;u tMuHay;w,f/

]rSefvSyg? enf;vrf;wpfckawmh&Sdygw,f t&Sifrif;MuD;? uREfkyf

tMuHay;&r,fqdk&if remqm a&uefMuD;xuf ydkrdkcefYnm;xnf0gjyD;

ydkusufoa&&SdwJh a&uefMuD;wpfckudk Am&mPoDjynf jrdKUwHcg;0em;rSm

wl;az:apyg? jyD;wJhtcg þa&uefMuD;onf urÇmay:&Sd iSufowÅ0g

taygif;twGufjzpfonf? vma&mufusufpm;Muonfh iSufowÅ0gtaygif;ud

Am&mPoDjynfh&Sifu Muifemomtm;jzifh umuG,fapmifha&Smufawmfrlrnf}vkdY

&yfa0;&yfeD;tm;vHk; odoGm;atmif owif;jzefYay;yg/

]'Dowif;[m ief;rsm;aysmfpH&m remqm a&uefMuD;qD wpfcsdefawmh

a&mufoGm;rSm trSefygyJ? olwdkYa&uefMuD;xuf tppomvGefwJh a&ueffMuD;

wpfck ay:aygufaejyDqdkwm odoGm;Mu&if jrifawGYcsifaZmeJY tJ'Ddief;awG

ta&mufvmMurSm ajrvufcwfrvGJ jzpfygvdrfhr,f t&Sifrif;MuD;}

bk&iftawmfhudk oabmusauseyfoGm;w,f/ 'gaMumifh a&uef

MuD;udk csufcsif; pwifwl;azmfMuzdkY trdefYawmfxkwfjyefvdkufw,f/ wpfq,fh

ESpf&moD zl;yGifhMuwJh opfyifawG? vSayh qef;ayhqdkwJh yef;yifawGudk

wdkif;wpfyg;u rSm,lw,f/ uefa&jyifuvnf; rSefom;vdk Munfaeawmh

a&atmufrSm ig;awG ul;cwfvIyf&Sm;aeMuwmudk txif;om;jrifae&w,f/

uefMuD; vHk;0OóHkjyD;oGm;wJhtcg remqm a&uefMuD;xuf wu,fhudk

ydkvSaew,f/ydkcefYnm;xnf0gjyD; ydkusufoa&&Sdaew,f/ iSufawG? ysm;awG?

vdyfjymawG axmifeJYcsDjyD; a&mufvmMuw,f/ olwdkYrSm a&uefMuD;&JU

tvS"mwfawG ul;pufpdrfh0ifaeMuvdkY aw;oDusL;Mu? [dk[dk'D'D ysHoef;Mu?

uMu ckefMu tdk aysmfrqHk;yJaygh/

wpfcsdefwnf;rSm 'Da&uefMuD;&JU owif;udk aeYpOf jzefYay;aew,f/

wdkif;wpfyg; iSufowÅ0gtaygif;udk zdwfac:w,f/ urÇmha'otoD;oD;u


iSufaygif;pHk wzGJzGJ woJoJ a&mufvmMuw,f/ Mumvmawmh iSufawG[m'Da&uefMuD;udk olwdkY&JU qHkpnf;&mtjzpf owfrSwfvdkufMuawmhw,f/

wpfaeY remqm a&uefu ief;i,fav;ESpfaumif[m olwdkYa&uefMuD;eJY cGJcGmjyD;o urÇmudkjzwfysHoef; c&D;ESifzdkY xGufcGmvmMuw,f/Am&mPoDjynfMuD;ay: a&mufvmwJhtcg tawmfhudk qGJaqmif ñdIUiifEdkifpGrf;wJh a&uefomMuD;udk bGm;ueJjrifvdkuf&w,f/ zdwfac:aeoHawGudkvnf;Mum;w,f? 'gaMumifh qif;oufjyD; a&uefwpfywf vSnfhvnfMunfh&IMuw,f/ Mo jrif&orQ tvScsnf;ygyJvm;/ tif; 'Da&uefrSm&SdwJh opfyifrsdK;? yef;yifrsdK; wdkYwpfawG tdyfrufxJrSmawmifrjriffcJhzl;bl;/ a[mMunfhprf;? uefa&jyifxJrSmyef;uHk;MuD;awGu wtdtd? wjidrfhjidrfh arsmygvdkYaevdkufwm? Munfhr0 &IrqHk;ygyJvm;/ tif; 'Da&uefMuD;rsm; wdkYydkifa&uefMuD;jzpfcJh&if/

rcsifhr&J tawG;awGeJY ief;i,fav;ESpfaumif uefwpfzufuae[dk wpfzufta&muf aysmfaysmf&Tif&Tiful;cwfjyD; olwdkYXmaeudk rjyefcsifhjyefcsif jyefoGm;Muw,f/

Xmaejyefa&mufwmeJY Am&mPoD a&uefMuD;taMumif; rarmEdkifryef;Edkif aeYpOf&ufquf jyefajymjyMuw,f/ vSaMumif;? odyfudk xl;jcm;aMumif;? tifrwef cefYnm;vGef;wJh taMumif;awG Mum;&zefrsm;vmawmhief;ajcmufaomif; w&G&G? wMuGMuGjzpfvmjyDaygh? MunfjhrifcsifpdwfawG,dkzdwfvmjyDaygh? oGm;csifpdwfudk wm;rEdkif qD;r& jzpfvmMujyDaygh/'gaMumifh wpfaeY ief;bk&if '&Dwm&MwqD0ifjyD; r&ru ylqmMuawmhw,f/aemufqHk;awmh ief;bk&ifuyg vdkufyg&Ipm;zdkYqHk;jzwfvdkufw,f/ 'gayrJhtajrmftjrifMuD;wJh qrkc uawmh 'DqHk;jzwfcsufaMumifh raysmfydkufwJhtjyifpdwfrcsrf;romawmif jzpfoGm;w,f/ 'gaMumifh olu ]t&Sif? vufatmufi,fom;rsm;&JUtvdkudk ,ckuJhodkY vdkkufavsmwm rSefuefoifhavsmfw,fvdkYt&Sifwu,fyJ ,lqxm;ygovm;? vlom;awG ajymorQr,HkMunfoifhyg?zdwfac:oHawGu trSefudk vdkvdkvm;vm; vufcHp&maumif;avmufatmifem;0ifcsdKvSygw,f? 'gayrJh em;0ifcsdKwJh zdwfac:oH aemufuG,frSmbmawG&SdaeovJ/ uREfkyfwdkYodwmu tenf;i,frQyg t&Sif? rnfodkYyifjzpfap oGm;Mur,fvdkY qHk;jzwfonfhwdkif uREfkyfwdkY wpf&ufxuf ydkraeoifhbl;vdkY xifygw,f}


ief;bk&if '&Dwm&Mwu qrkc ajymorQudkoabmwlvufcHw,f/ncsrf;csdefusrS ief;tkyfMuD; Am&mPoDjynfbuf a&SU½IysHoef;vmMuw,f/t&kPfusif;csdefrS ief;tkyfMuD; Am&mPoD a&uefomMuD;qD a&mufMuw,f/ief;awGtm;vHk;[m a&uefMuD;udk jrifvdkufMuwJh wpfcPrSmyJolwdkYXmaeremqma&uefudk arhoGm;Muw,f/ ief;awG[m a&jyifxufu yef;awGMum;rSm waysmfwyg; ul;cwfMuw,f/ olwdkYtzdkY tdyfrufrufaeovdkudkjzpfaew,f/jidrfoufwJh uefa&jyifxufrSm olwdkYwpfawG vGifharsmaeMuwmrsm; aumif;uifu Mu,fajcmufaomif; vif;vufaeovdkyJ/ 'DtcdsefrSmyJief;awGa&mufvmMujyDqdkwJh owif;udk jA[®'wfbk&ifxH wifavQmufvdkufMuw,f/ bk&if[m tm;&0rf;omjzpfoGm;jyD; ]a[ aumif;vSaypG?uJ tcsdefqGJraeMueJY? '&Dwm&Mwudk t&trdom zrf;Muayawmh? rdwmeJYighxH o,faqmifcJhMu}vdkkkY trdefYrSwfvdkufw,f/

bk&ifhtaptyg;awGu a&uefxJu yef;yGifhawGMum;rSm axmifacsmuf wpfckudk tjrefqHk;csMuw,f/ rMumvdkufygbl;/ '&Dwm&Mw&JUaiGa&mif ajcwpfzuf axmifacsmufrSm rdygava&m/ ief;bk&if axmifacsmufrSm rdaejyDqdkwmodoGm;MuwJhief;awG odyfudkxdwfvefYwkefvIyfoGm;Muw,f/xdcdkufaMuuGJpdwfawGeJY pl;pl;&J&J atmfjrnfMuw,f/ olwdkY qufvnf;rae0Hhawmh wmrdkkY aumif;uifxJpGwfysHwufMuw,f/ ysHaeMuwkef;rSm olwdkYbk&ifppfyGJrSm usqHk;oGm;ovdkudk cHpm;aeMu&w,f/

qrkcuawmh ysHrajy;bl;/olYt&SifeJYtwlcsefae&pfw,f/]qrkc remqmudk jyefyg? ighvufatmufi,fom;awG pdk;&drf ylyef

aeMua&mhr,f? tdk qrkc olwddkYtay: pmemiJhñSmpdwfeJY jyefyg? oifr&SdvdkYrjzpfbl;? olwdkY[m olwdkYudkumuG,fapmifha&Smufay;Edkifr,fh tMuD;tuJudkarQmfvifhaeMuvdrfhr,f}

'gayrJh qrkc[m olYt&SifajymwmawGudk rMum;Edkifawmhbl;? olYtem;uvnf; rcGm&ufawmhbl;/

ief;wpfaumifudk rdxm;wmeJY tjcm;ief;wpfaumifu b,frSroGm;awmhbJ tem;rSm w&pf0J0J vkyfaewmudk bk&ifhtaptyg;ujrifae&w,f/ol tHhMopdwfeJY ai;Munfhaerdw,f/

cPMumawmhrS qrkcudk ajymoifhwmajymjyzdkY ol owd&vmw,f/


]ief;MuD;? oifhtaz:udk zrf;rdxm;ygjyD? 'gayrJh tdk toifief;MuD;?oifhudk rzrf;yg? odkYygvsuf b,ftwGuf oif ysHrajy;bJw&pf0J0J vkyfae&ygovJ? tapmifhawGu oifhudk zrf;,lEdkifrSef;oifrodbl;vm;? oifhawmifyHawG[m jzLazG;vSyMuygw,f? toifief;MuD; r0hHpm;vGef;oifhyg?tjref ysHoGm;oifhygw,f}

],ck oifzrf;rdxm;wJh ief;MuD;[m uREfkyfwdkY&JU bk&ifjzpfw,f/uREfkyf&JU bk&ifeJYa0;&mudk ysHoef;xGufcGmoGm;&wJhaemuf uREfkyf rnfuJhodkYvQifaysmf&Tifcsrf;ajrhEdkifygawmhrvJ? tdk tapmifhvkvif? wu,fwrf; uREfkyfudkoifu pdwfcsrf;ajrhvdkygvQif uREfkyfudk ac:aqmifoGm;yg? ief;bk&ifudkvTwfay;vdkufyg}

'Dawmh tapmifhvkvifu csdKcsKdomom &Sif;jyw,f/]rpdk;&drfygeJY toifief;MuD;? oifhbk&iftay: b,fvdktEÅ&m,frS

usa&mufrSm r[kwfygbl;? olY aiGa&mif ajcwpfacsmif;rdaewm rSefygw,f?'gayrJh ckvdkrdatmif axmifzrf;&wm[m uREfkyfbk&ifu olYudk jrifawGYvdkvGef;vdkkYom jzpfw,f? uJ oifief;MuD;yg usKyfycHk;ay:ysHwufjyD;vdkufcJhygawmh? usKyfwdkYbk&ifu oifwdkYESpfOD;pvHk;udk aumif;pGm *kPfjyKygvdrfhr,f}

tapmifhvkvifajymcJhwJhtwdkif;ygyJ? ief;ESpfaumifudk rwkyfaESmifbJeef;wGif;ta&mufac:aqmifvmcJhjyD; ZmwfaMumif;udk jyeffwifavQmufvdkkufwJhtcg jA[®'wfbk&if xdwfvefYtHhMo jzpfoGm;&awmhw,f/ pum;awmifrajymEdkifawmhovdk jzpfaew,f/ 'Dawmh '&Dwm&MwupjyD; csdKomwJhtoHeJYajymvdkufw,f/ief;bk&if&JU csdKomwJhpum;awGu jA[®'wfbk&ifhESvHk;tdrfudkyDwdzHk;oGm;apw,f/ aemufydkif;rSm ief;bk&ifeJY jA[®'wfbk&if Munfom&TifyspGm pum;ajymMuw,f/ rif;crf;rif;em;eJYvnf; jyKpk{nfhcHw,f/ onfhaemufief;bk&ifeJY qrkcwdkY[m eef;wGif;u xGufcGmcJhjyD; remqmudk ysHoef;oGm;Muw,f/

ief;ajcmufaomif;tzdkY ief;bk&ifeJY qrkc jyefa&mufvmjcif;[mtwdkif;rod 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;omjzpfp&mrdkY aemufydkif;rSm olwdkY ydkrdkaysmf&Tifcsrf;ajrhoGm;Muawmhw,f/

n


rtwJh acG;trtwJh acG;trtwJh acG;trtwJh acG;trtwJh acG;t

wpfcgawmh usm;MuD;wpfaumif[m axmifacsmufwpfckxJrSm rdoGm;owJh/usm;MuD;[m axmifacsmufoHwdkifawGMum;uae tjyifa&mufEkdifzdkY MudK;pm;ayr,fhtcsnf;ESD;omjzpfaew,ff/Mumawmh a'goxGufvmjyD; axmifacsmufxJrSm vl;w,f? vSdrfhw,f? oHwdkifawGudk udkufw,f/ 'gayrJh vGwfajrmufEdkifp&m vrf;ay:rvmbl;/ 'Dawmh usm;MuD;vnf; 0rf;enf;aMuuGJvmawmhwmaygh/

'gayrJh uHaumif;csifawmh 'DtcsdefrSm jA[®Pwpfa,mufaxmifacsmufem; a&mufvmowJh/ usm;MuD;u olYudk axmifacsmufwJuaevSrf;jrifvdkufwmeJY ]tdk w&m;&Sif? uREfkyfudk axmifacsmuftjyifa&mufatmifulnDygvdkY} awmif;yefw,f/

'Dawmh jA[®Pu ]rdwfaqGusm;MuD; oifhudk uREfkyf rulnDEdkifyg?rdwfaqGusm;MuD;tjyifa&mufwmeJY usKyfudk owfpm;rSm pdk;&drffvSygw,f}vdkYat;at;oufom jyefajymvdkufw,f/

'DtcgrSm usm;MuD;u trsdK;rsdK;usdefwG,fjyD;uwday;owJh/]owfrpm;ygbl;Asm? tjyifa&mufatmif ulnDwJhtwGuf touf

xufqkH; aus;Zl;wifaerSmyg/ 'gwGifruygbl;av t&SifhuReftjzpfeJYt&Sifhukd wpfoufvkH; jyKpkOD;rSmyg}

usm;MuD;u ikdwpfcg ½IdufwvSnfheJY ckvkd usdefwG,fajymvmawmhjA[®PESvkH;om;t&nfaysmfoGm;awmhw,f/usm;MuD;tay:oem;pdwf0ifvmw,f/ 'gaMumifh axmifacsmufwHcg; zGifhay;zkdY oabmwlvkdufawmhw,f/

jA[®P[maxmifacsmufwHcg;udk zGifhay;vkdufw,f/ wHcg;vnf;yGifha&musm;MuD;[m acgif;ukd axmufacsmuftjyif tjrefxkwfvkdufjyD;oem;p&maumif;wJh jA[®Pukd zrf;vkdufawmhowJh/

]uJ odyfrkdufwJhvlom; aoaya&mh/ axmifacsmufxJ ydwfrdaewmMumvSjyDrkdY usKyf odyfqmaejyDav/ oifhukd rpm;vkdY rjzpfawmhbl;}

jA[®Pu toufcsrf;omay;zkdY tcgcg awmif;yefayr,fh r&bl;/'gayr,fh awmif;yefvGef;ru awmif;yefawmh usm;MuD;u tcGifhta&;wpfckay;vkdufowJh/ tcGifhta&;u bmvJqkdawmh usm;MuD;&Jh tjyKtrl[mw&m;w,f rw&m;bl; od&atmif jA[®Pu okH;ckaom t&m0w¬Krsm;xHoGm;a&muf ar;jref;jyD; olwkdY tqkH;tjzwf cH,lEkdifw,f/ tJ'D okH;ckaom


t&m0w¬Krsm;&Jh tqkH;tjzwftwkdif; jA[®Pvkdufemaqmif&GufzkdY uwdjyK&r,f/uwdjyKr,fqkd&if okH;ckaom t&m0w¬Krsm;xH oGm;a&muftqkH;tjzwfcH,lEkdifw,fqkdwmyJ/

'DtcGifhta&;vnf;&a&m jA[®P[m t&dyftm0goaumif;vSwJhaAm"danmifyifMuD;qD yxrOD;qkH;oGm;jyD; usm;MuD;eJYolUudpö b,fvkd,lqygovJvkdY ar;vkdufowJh/ 'Dawmh anmifyifMuD;u ]]&Sif;aewmyJ jA[®P&,f?usKyfa&SU jzwfoef;oGm;vmwkdif;ukd usKyf[m t&dyftm0goaumif;ray;cJhbl;vm;? ay;cJhygw,f/ 'gayr,fh 'DvlawG jyefjyD; usKyf&Jh tukdif;tcufawGcsKd;Mu? EGm;pmawGauR;Mua&mrvkyfMubl;vm;? vkyfMuwmyJ?'DawmhjA[®Pa& ckrSawmh aMumufraeeJY? a,mufsm;pdwfom arG;aya&mh} vkdYjyefajymw,f}

jA[®Pvnf; tifrwef pdwfESvkH; nd§K;csKH;oGm;awmhowJh/ 'gayrJhoGm;ar;zkdY 'kwd, t&m0w¬Kwpfck usefaeao;vkdY tm;wif;jyD; qufavQmufcJhw,f/ tawmfa0;a0;a&mufvmwJhtcgv,fuGif;wpfckxJ a&mufvmcJhowJh/ v,fuGif;xJrSm a&&[wfMuD;ukd vSnfhay;aewJh uRJwpfaumifukdawGU&w,f/ 'Dawmh jA[®Pu uRJem;uyfoGm;jyD; usm;MuD;eJY olUudpöajymjyjyefw,f/ 'gayr,fh xl;xl;jcm;jcm; 0rf;omtm;&r,fh tajzrsKd;xGufrvmvkdY ol&ifqkdif&awmhr,fh tEÅ&m,fukd awG;rdjyD; xdwfvefYvmawmhowJh/ &ifwkefyef;wkef jzpfvmawmhowJh/ tif; jzpfvnf; jzpfavmufw,fav/ uRJMuD; jyefajymykHu arQmfvifhp&m wpfuGufuav;rS r&dSbJukd;/

]aus;Zl;w&m;udk arQmfvihfaewJh oif[m t½l;wpfa,mufomjzpfw,f/ wjcm;rMunfheJU jA[®P? usKyfb0ukdyJ Munfhprf;yg/ usKyf EkdYay;Ekdifwkef;u 0gaphawG ESrf;zwfawGauR;w,f/ a[m ck usKyfrSm EkdYvnf;cef;a&m xrf;ykd;wyf ckdif;awmhwmyJ/ auR;awmhvnf; trIdufo½kdufvkd[mawG}

uRJMuD; pum;tqkH;rSm jA[®Pvnf; 0rf;enf;yufvufeJU jyefvSnfhxGufcJhawmh vrf;wpfckudk awGUjyefowJh/ jA[®Pu vrf;ukd tMuHay;zkdYawmif;yefjyefw,f/ 'Dawmh vrf;u

]t&Sif? wpfpkHwpfckukdarQmfvifhaewJh oif[m odyfrkdufrJvSygw,f/a[m'DrSm uRefawmf vJavsmif;ay;aew,f/ vlwkdif;twGuf uRefawmf[mtokH;0ifw,f/ 'gayr,fh olaX;awGa&m qif;&Jom;awGa&m vlMuD;awGa&mvli,fawGa&m tkd tm;vkH;yJ qkdygawmh? uRefawmfhtay: eif;jyD; oGm;MuawmhwmygyJ/ tJ olwkdYwpfawGu uRefawmfhukd bmrsm;ay;ovJ/ bmwpfckrS


ray;Muygbl;/ tJ aq;vdyfjymawG? zGJawGawmh uRefawmfhtay: ypfcs

oGm;Muav&Jh}

arQmfvifhcsuf ukefjyDqkdwJh todeJY jA[®P[m 0rf;enf;oGm;jyD;

jyefvSnfhtvm wpfae&ma&mufawmh acG;t eJY awGUvkdufowJh/ acG;t uyJ

p ar;owJh/

]tkd jA[®P? rsufESmvnf; raumif;ygvm;/ bmrsm;jzpfvkdYygvdrfh?

oifhMunfh&wm a&a0;ig;vkd pdwfysufvufysuf jzpfaeykHygyJvm;Asm}

'Dawmh jA[®Pu olU'ku©ukd zGifhtefjyvkdufowJh/ acG;t uvnf;

'ku©&JhtaMumif;&if; uGif;qufawGudk jrifEkdifatmif *½kpkduf em;axmifjyD;rS

]tif; OD;aESmufacsmufp&myJ? cifAsm;ajymjywmawG r&Sif;vSao;bl;?

xyfajymjy&if aumif;r,f} vkdY ajymw,f/

jA[®Pu xyfajymjyvkdufw,f/ 'gayr,fh 'DwpfMudrfrSm acG;tu

pdwf½IyfwJykHrsKd;? em;r&Sif;ao;wJhykHrsKd;eJY acgif;wGifwGifcgvkdufw,f/

]odyfqef;w,f/ cifAsm; ajympum;awG usKyfacgif;xJ wpfckrS

rusefawmhbl;/ em;wpfzufu 0ifvmjyD; em;wpfzufujyefxGufoGm;ovkdyJ/

'DudpöjzpfwJhae&m oGm;MunfhrSxifyg&Jh/ 'grSvnf; uRefawmf tqkH;tjzwf

ay;csif ay;EkdifrSmyJ/ cktwkdif;awmhjzifh [l; bmwpfckrS r&Sif;bl;}

acG;tu oufjyif;MuD;csvkdufjyD; olUpum;ukd tqkH;owfw,f/

jA[®P[m arQmfvifhwMuD;eJY acG;tudk axmifacsmuf&dS&m ac:vm

cJhw,f/ axmifacsmufab;rSmawmh jA[®Pjyeftvmudk apmifh&ifh usm;MuD;u

vufonf;awG aoG;aeowJh/ yg;pyfwjyifjyifvkyfaeowJh/ usm;MuD;[m

jA[®Pukdvnf;vSrf;jrifa&m ]oGm;wmodyfMumw,f/ uJ usKyfwkdY npmpm;Mu

pkdYav} vkdY ajymvkdufowJh/

tr,fav;av; usKyfwkdY wJh/ ajymvkdufwJhykHujzifh nufaewmyJ/

jA[®P[m aMumuf'l;awG wqwfqwfwkefvmjyD; tavm

okH;q,f awG;vkdufowJh/ cPMumrS ]ig;rdepfavmuf tcsdefxyfay;ygOd;

t&Sif? jzpfysufcJhwJh udpöawGudk ckygvmwJh acG;t ukd &Sif;jyyg&apOD;?

'DacG;t u? rSwfÓPfodyfraumif;vSvkdY xyfajymjyzkdY vkdaeygw,f} vkdY

awmif;yefw,f/

usm;MuD;u cGifhjyKwJhtcg jA[®Puvnf; ZmwfaMumif; xyfvSef&jyef

owJh/ 'Dvkd ZmwfaMumif; xyfvSefwJhtcg jzpf&yfeJY ywfoufwJhtcsufuav;


wpfckwpfavawmif rusef&atmif twwfEkdifqkH; tao;pdwf ajymjyowJh/

'geJYawmif acG;tu olUvufacsmif;ukd zspfn§pfvkdufjyD; ]tkd ighOD;aESmufES,f

nHhvkdufygbdawmh? aeOD; aeOD; 'Dudpöb,fvkd pjzpfMuwmvJ? 'DrSm jA[®P?

cifAsm;u axmifacsmufxJrSm usm;MuD;u axmifacsmufem; avQmufvmwm?

'Dvkd [kwf&Jhvm;}

'Dawmh usm;MuD;u xDGceJ wHawG;wpfcsufaxG;vkdufjyD; ][m

t½l; axmifacsmufxJa&mufwmu iguG? ig ig} vkdY a'geJY armeJY

ajymowJh/

usm;MuD;u 'Dvkd a[mufvkdufawmh acG;tu wkefaeatmif

aMumufoGm;ykHrsKd;eJY]aMomf? [kwfygw,fcifAsm? [kwfygw,f? axmifacsmufxJ

a&mufaewm uRefawmfyJ/ trf/ 'Dvkdvnf; r[kwfao;ygbl;/ cufvkdufwm

aemf/ rSwfÓPfawG b,fa&mufukefygvdrfh/ tJ aeOD;? tif; [kwfjyD/

[kwfjyD/ usm;MuD;u jA[®PxJrSm axmifacsmufu jzwfavQmufvmw,f/

[m b,fvkdMuD;vJ? r[kwfao;ygbl;/ uJAsm OD;aESmuf ajcmufw,f/

uRefawmhf tomxm;jyD; cifAsm; npmpm;zkdYom vkyf

awmh? uRefawmfb,fawmhrS em;vnfEkdifawmhrSm

r[kwfbl;/


]at; [kwfw,f? rif; 'DvkdeJYawmh b,fawmhrS em;vnfrSm

r[kwfbl;/ 'gayr,fh rif; em;ukdvnf&r,f}

usm;MuD;u acG;t todÓPfacgif;yg;ykHukd a'goxGufvmjyD;

jyefajymvkdufw,f/ jyD;rS olUpum;udk qufw,f/

]'DrSm Munfhprf; igu usm;aemf}

][kwfygjyD t&Sif}

]a[m'gu jA[®P}

][kwfygjyD t&Sif}

]'gu axmifacsmuf}

][kwfuJh? [kwfuJh}

]at;? igu axmifacsmufrdaewm em;vnf&Jhvm;}

][kwf [kwfygjyD t&Sif? tJ b,fvkd b,fvdkk aus;Zl;jyKjyD;

xyfajymygOD; t&Sif}

]bmuG}

]aus;Zl;jyKjyD; wpfqdwfajymygOD; t&Sif? tkd ta&;xJ t&Sifu

b,fvkdvkyf axmifacsmufxJ a&mufoGm;&wmvJ}

][ b,fvkdvkyf a&muf&OD;rSmvJ? a&mufaeusykHrsKd;eJY a&mufoGm;

&wmaygh t t &Jh}

]tkdtr,fav;av; uRefawmfhacgif;csmcsmvnfvnfvmjyefjyDpdwfr&dSygeJY

t&Sif&,f/ uRefawmf rawG;wwfvGef;vkdYyg? a&mufaeusykHrsKd;qkdwm

b,fvkdykHrsKd;vJ t&Sif&,f}

acG;t u 'Dvkdar;vkdufawmh usm;MuD;u pdwfr&Snfawmhbl;/ 'gaMumifh

axmifacsmufxJ ckef0ifvkdufjyD; ]a[m'DvkduG a[m'Dvkd uJ odyvm;} vkdY

atmfjyD;tar; acG;tu wpfcsufjyKH;vkdufjyD; ]aumif;aumif;MuD; odyg

jyDwJhcifAsm} vkdYajym&if; axmifacsmufwHcg;ukd usifusifvnfvnfMuD;

ydwfvkdufawmhowJh/ jyD;rS acG;tu qufajymw,f/

]at;Asm? BuHKwkef;ajym&OD;r,f? ckawmh tm;vkH;[m ykdaeNrJ? usm;aeNrJ

twkdif; quf&dSoGm;ygjyD} wJh/

n


yÍö0k"rif;om;yÍö0k"rif;om;yÍö0k"rif;om;yÍö0k"rif;om;yÍö0k"rif;om;

[kd a&S;a&S;wkef;u Am&mPoDjynfrSm jA[®'wfrif;MuD; pkd;pHawmfrlcJhw,f/

tavmif;awmf[m 'DjA[®'wfrif;MuD;&Jh rdzk&m;acgif 0rf;rSm 0ifpm;zGm;ajrmuf

cJhowJh/ tavmif;awmfukd trnfay;r,fhaeYrSm bk&ifMuD;u jA[®Pynm&Sif

&Spf&mudk yifhac:jyD; om;awmfav;&Jh vu©Pmudk zwfckdif;w,f/ ynm&Sifrsm;

awmif;orQukdvnf; bk&ifMuD;u vkdufavsmawmfrlw,f/ vu©PmwGuf

&mrSm wpfzufurf;cwfMuwJh jA[®PawG[m tifrwefaumif;wJh tavmif;

awmf&Jh vP©Pmukd jrifMu&awmh

]vu©Pmuawmh taumif;awGcsnf; jzpfygonf/ t&Sifrif;MuD;&Jh

t½kduft&mudk trSefqufcHygvdrfhrnf/ wkdif;jynfeJY t0ef; ausmfMum;ygvdrfhrnf/ vufeufig;yg;t&Siftjzpf xif&Sm;ygvdrfhrnf/ tdEd,jynfMuD;&Jht"du r[mvlom; trSefpifppf jzpfygvdrfhrnf t&Sifrif;MuD;} vkdYavQmufwifMuw,f/ 'Dvkd avQmufwifcsufaMumifhvnf; tavmif;awmfukdyÍö0k"vkdY trnfay;vkdufowJh/ "m;? vHS ? av;? wif;ykwf? 'kdif;qkdwJhvufeufig;yg;udk ykdifpkd;olaygh/

tavmif;awmf[m 16 ESpf t&G,fa&mufvmvkdY a0zefykdif;jcm;EkdifpGrf;&SdvmwJhtcg zcifbk&ifMuD;u ]om;awmf yÍöm0k"? ynmpkHatmif oif,layOD;} vkdY apckdif;owJh/ 'Dawmh tavmif;awmfu ] om;awmf rnfonfhq&mxHrSm oif,l&rSmvJ} vkdY jyefar;w,f/

]uef'[mwkdif; wuúokdvfjynfrSm tifrwefxif&Sm;ausmfapmwJhq&mwpfOD;&dSayw,f/ tJ'Dq&mxH om;awmf oGm;a&mufoif,lapcsifw,f/'D tojymaxmifxkyfudk ,loGm;jyD; om;awmf&Jh q&mukd uefawmhyg}

zcrnf;awmfrSmpum;twkdif; tavmif;awmf[m wkdif;jynfuxGufcJhjyD; wuúokdvfjynfu q&mMuD;xHrSm ynmoif,lcJhw,f/ ynmpkHwJhtcgq&mMuD;u tavmif;awmfukd vufaqmiftjzpfeJY vufeufig;rsKd;ay;vkdufw,f/ tavmif;awmf[m vufeufig;rsKd;udk ukd,frSm wyfqifjyD; wuúokdvfjynfuae Am&mPoDukd jyefvmcJhowJh/

tavmif;awmf&Jh tjyefc&D;rSm awmMuD;wpfck umqD;aew,f/'DawmxJrSm wpfukd,fvkH; tarG;trifzkH;aewJh bDvl;MuD;wpfaumif &SdowJh/


tavmif;awmfu'DawmxJ0ifr,fvkyfawmh vlwcsKdUu]tkdt&Sifrif;om;'Dawmukdawmh a&SmifuGif;oGm;yg/ 'DawmxJrSm tarG;awG wpfukd,fvkH;zkH;aewJhbDvl;MuD;wpfaumif&Sdygw,f/ jriforQvlwkdif;ukd owfjzwfpm;aomufygw,fvkdY ajymjyjyD; wm;Muw,f/ 'gayr,fh ,kHMunfrItjynfht0 &xm;wJhtavmif;awmfu aMumufpdwfuif;wJh jcaoFhrif;vkd &J&Jwif;wif;yJ awmxJ0ifoGm;owJh/

tavmif;awmf awmtv,fa&mufawmh bDvl;MuD;u ukd,fxifjyyga&m/ bDvl;MuD;t&yfu xef;yifavmufjrifhowJh/ acgif;u apwDwpfqlavmuf&dSowJh/ rsufvkH;awGuvnf; yef;uefjym;avmufMuD;owJh/zkawG xpfawG cRef;aewJh tpG,fESpfacsmif;vnf; &dSowJh/ rsufESmu odrf;iSufrsufESmeJY wlowJh/ AkdufrSmvnf; a&mifpkHtuGufMuD;awG &dSowJh/ ajcawGvufawGuvnf; jymESrf;aeowJh/

bDvl;MuD;u tavmif;awmfukd ]toif b,fukdoGm;rSmvJ? qufroGm;

ygeJY? &yfyg? toif ightpm jzpfacsjyD} vkdY atmfajymw,f/ tavmif;awmfu

]toif bDvl;MuD; owdeJYom uREkfyftem; uyfaya&mh? 'DrSm jrif&Jhr[kwfvm;

bDvl;MuD;? qdyfvl;jrm;av? 'Dqdyfvl;jrm;rSefvkdYuawmh toifbDvl;MuD;

jyefxEkdifrSm r[kwfbl;} vkdY ajcmufvSefYvkdufjyD; qdyfvl;jrm;wpfpif; ypfvTwf

vkdufw,f/ jrm;wH[m bDvl;MuD;&Jh tarG;trifawGrSm oGm;uyfaeowJh/

tavmif;awmfu aemufxyfjyD; jrm;wpfpif; vTwfjyefw,f/

'Djrm;wHvnf; tarG;trifawGrSmoGm;uyfaejyefw,f/ 'geJY tavmif;awmfu

jrm;tpif;ig;q,ftxd wpfpif;jyD; wpfpif; tqufrjywf ypfvTwfawmhowJh/

'gayrJh jrm;wHtm;vkH; tarG;trifawGrSm oGm;uyfwmcsnf;yJwJh/

tavmif;awmfu jrm;awG rvTwfawmhbJ &yfvkdufwJhtcg bDvl;MuD;u

tarG;trifawGrSm uyfaewJh jrm;awGudk qGJNzKwfjyD; csKd;yJhypfw,f/

jyD;awmh jrm;tusKd;awGudk olUajc&if; ypfcsvkdufjyD; tavmif;awmfem;

uyfvmw,f/ 'Dtcg tavmif;awmfu olYukdawmif jyefajcmufvSefYaewJh

bDvl;MuD;ukd "m;qGJxkwfjyD; xkd;vkdufw,f/ okH;ayeD;yg;&SnfwJh "m;[m

tarG;trifawGrSm uyfaejyefa&m/ tavmif;awmfu vSHeJY qufxkd;w,f/

wif;ykwfeJY xkw,f/ ½kdufw,f/ vSHa&m wif;ykwfa&m tarG;rSm uyfae

w,f/

okH;avorQ vufeufawGtm;vkH; bDvl;MuD;&Jh tarG;trifawGrSm


oGm;uyfawmh b,fvkdqufwkdufr,fqkdwm bD;vl;MuD;odoGm;atmif tavmif;

awmfu zGifhajymowJh/][Jh oifbDvl;? oif[m yÍö0k"trnf&wJh vufeufig;yg; ykdif&Sif

uREkfyf&JhtaMumif;udk wpfMudrfwpfcgrS rMum;bl;rSwfw,f/ wu,fawmhuREkfyf[m uREkfyfykdifpkd;wJh vufeufig;rsKd;udk tm;ukd;jyD; 'DawmxJ 0ifcJhwmr[kwf/ uREkfyfukd uREkfyf ,kHMunfrI&dSjyD; 0ifvmcJhjcif;om jzpfw,f/'gaMumifhvnf; uaeYawmhjzifh toif bDvl;MuD;udk pdpdnufnuf aMuoGm;atmif uREkfyf axmif;&ayawmhr,f}

ajymajymqkdqkdyJ tavmif;awmf[m tm;,ljyD; nmvufoD;eJY0ifxkd;awmhowJh/ 'DtcgrSmvnf; nmvufoD;u tarG;awGrSm uyfoGm;jyefw,f/'geJYb,fvufoD;eJYqufxkd;w,f/ b,fvufoD;vnf;uyfaejyefa&m?nmajcaxmufeJYuefw,f/uyfoGm;jyefw,f/ b,fajceJUqufuefawmhvnf;uyfaejyefowJh/ aemufqkH; ]uJ pdpdnufnufacsypfr,f} vkdY Mudrf;0g;vkdufjyD;acgif;eJYwtm;aqmifhypfw,f/ acgif;u tarG;awGrSm uyfaejyefowJh/

'DvkdeJY tavmif;awmf[m ig;Mudrfawmif ½IH;edrfhoGm;cJhw,f/ bDvl;MuD;&Jh tarG;trifawGuvnf; tavmif;awmf&Jh cE¨mukd,f ig;ae&mrSmuyfaejyD; rvIyfr&Sm;EkdifawmhbJ wGJvGJMuD; jzpfaewmhwmaygh/ 'gayr,fh


tavmif;awmf[m bDvl;MuD;ukd vkH;vkH;raMumufbl;? &GHU"mwf wpfcsuf

r0ifbl;wJh/

'Dawmh bDvl;MuD;u awG;w,f/

jcaoFhvkd owdåaumif;wJh vlom;wpfOD;eJYawmh awGUae&jyD/ jrifhjrwf

wJh vlom;vm; rod/ omrefvlom;xuf xl;jcm;wmtrSefyJ/ ighvkdbDvl;&Jh

vufwGif; a&mufaewmawmif wpfa&G;om;rQ aMumufpdwfr0ifbl;/ ig

'De,fy,fukd tykdifpm;vmuwnf;u 'Dvkdvlom;rsKd; wpfcgrQ rawGUcJhbl;/

tif; 'Dvlom; bmaMumifh raMumuf&wmygvdrfh/

wjznf;jznf; awG;&if; bDvl;MuD;ukd,fwkdifyJ aMumufvmovkdvkd

jzpfvmawmhowJh/ tavmif;awmfudk pm;zkdY 0efav;vmawmhowJh/ 'gaMumifh

taMumif;&if; od&atmif tavmif;awmfudk ar;jref;pkHprf;Munhfvkdufw,f/

]t&Sif vkvif? bmaMumifh t&Sifvkvif[m aorif;udk raMumuf

wmvJ}

]bDvl;MuD;? bmtaMumif;eJY aorif;ukd uREkfyf aMumuf&rSmvJ/

vlwpfa,muf&Jhb0rSm wpfMudrfwpfcgom aoEkdifygw,f/ 'D todtjyif

uREkfyf0rf;AkduftwGif;rSm 0&Zdefvufeufvnf; &dSw,f/ toifbDvl;MuD;u

uREkfyfudk pm;&if b,fawmhrS tpmaMuEkdifrSm r[kwfbl;/ 0&Zdefvufeufu

toifbDvl;MuD;&Jh tlawG? tonf;awGudk tpdwfpdwft`rTm`rTm acsrGypfvkduf

rSmyJ/ 'Dawmh toifbDvl;MuD;vnf; aor,f? ESpfOD;pvkH; aoMurSmrkdY

uREkfyfbmukdrS raMumufjcif;jzpfw,f/

(tavmif;awmfu olUukd,fwGif;rSm ÓPfvufeuf&dSaMumif; &nfñTef;

ajymqkdvkdufjcif; jzpfygw,f)

vkvif[m trSefukdom ajymjcif;jzpfr,f/ jcaohFvkd vlwpfa,muf&Jh

tom;ukd yJvGef;aphuav;avmuf pm;rd&ifyJ ightwGuf tpmacszkdY cufacs

a&mhr,f/ olUukd ig vTwfrS jzpfawmhr,f/

bDvl;MuD;[m aorSmaMumufjyD; tavmif;awmfukd vTGwfay;vkduf

w,f/ jyD;rS

]toif vkvif? toifvkvif[m jcaoFhrif;vkd vlom;wpfOD;

jzpfayw,f/ toifvkvifukd uREkfyf rpm;awmhyg/ &m[kcHwGif;u vrif;

xGufvmovkd toifvkvifvnf; uREkfyfvufwGif;u vGwfygjyD/ toif

vkvif&Jh aqGrsKd;rdwfo*F[rsm;xH jyefygavawmh} vkdY ajymvkdufw,f/


'Dawmh tavmif;awmfu]toif bDvl;MuD;? toifajymwJhtwdkif; uREkfyf oGm;ygrnf? 'gayrJh

toihfxHu rxGufcGmrD uREkfyfrSm ajymp&m &dSygao;onf/ wu,fawmhtwdwfb0u &cJhzl;wJh tukokdvfuHaMumifh ,ck b0rS toifbDvl;jzpfvm&onf/ ,ck bDvl;b0rSmvnf; oifonf &ufpufMurf;MuKwfvSonf?aoG;iwfvSonf? tom;pm;MuL;vSonf? wpfyg;oludk emusifapolvnf;jzpfonf/ 'Dtwkdif;om tukokdvfrIawG qufjyKoGm;aevQif toifbDvl;MuD;onf tarSmifrS tarSmifokdY oGm;aeoljzpfacsa&mhrnf? xkdYaMumifh tukokdvftrIrsm;ukd rjyKygESifh/ ygPmwdygwuHonf i&J wd&pämef jydwåmbkHvm;&mtaMumif;w&m;jzpfacsonf/ vlUb0ukd &OD;awmh toufwkdwwfonf}

'Dvkd w&m;jyjyD;wJhaemuf ig;yg;oDv rapmifhxdef;wJh twGufjzpfay:vmr,fh qkd;usKd;rsm; ig;yg;oDv apmifhxdef;wJhtwGuf cHpm;&rJh tusKd;w&m;rsm;udkyg xkwfazmfñTefjyvkdufw,f/ xdwfvefY aMumuf&GHU vmatmifvnf; enf;trsKd;rsKd;eJY qkdqkH;rw,f/

'gaMumifh aemufqkH; bDvl;MuD;[m jcdK;NcHEkdifwJhtqifh wufvSrf;EkdifcJhjyD;ig;yg;oDvukd tNrJwnfaqmufygawmhr,fvkdY tmrbaEÅ cHawmhowJh/'DawmhrS tavmif;awmfu awmapmifhewf awmifapmifhewfawGudkygvSLzG,frsm;uyfvSLjyD; ylaZmfyozkdYowday;jyD; awmMuD;xJu xGufvmcJhawmhowJh/

awmpyfa&mufawmh tJ'Dem;rSm&dSwJh vlawGudk taMumif;pkH jyefajymjyw,f/ jyD;rS tavmif;awmf[m vufeufig;yg;wyfqifjyD; Am&mPoDukdjyefoGm;w,f/ aemufykdif;rSm tavmif;awmf[m bk&if jzpfvmw,f/wkdif;jynfukd rif;usifhw&m;eJUtnD ajzmifhajzmifhrwfrwf tkyfcsKyfcJhw,f/tavmif;awmf[m tvSLa&puf vufeJYruGmcJhbl;/ raumif;rIawGudkMuOfa&SmifjyD; aumif;rIukokdvfrsm;udkom jyKcJhí ewf&GmpHwJhtcg aumif;&mok*wd a&mufoGm;awmhowJh/

n


aumif;uifxJu Mu,fuav;awGaumif;uifxJu Mu,fuav;awGaumif;uifxJu Mu,fuav;awGaumif;uifxJu Mu,fuav;awGaumif;uifxJu Mu,fuav;awG

olUacG;MuD; qkdif&D;,yfeJY wpfaeukefwpfaecef; awmvkdufae&wmukd

]tkd&DtGef} vkvifysKd odyfaysmfykduf ESpfjcdKufw,f/ wpfaeY olawmvkdufae&if;

awmwpfae&mrSm aysmfaysmfyg; jrL;wl;upm;aeMuwJh rdef;rysKduav;

ckepfa,mufukd awGU&w,f/ rdef;rysKduav;awGu tvGefukdacsm? tvGefukd

vSawmh? olwkdYav;awG olUrsufpdatmufu aysmufoGm;rSmudk pkd;&drfaejyD/

'gaMumifh rsufjcnfjywf vkH;0rcHbJ olwkdYeJU eD;uyfoGm;atmif MudK;pm;w,f/

trSefawmh rdef;rysKduav; ckepfa,muf[m vlom;awG r[kwfMubl;/

ewforD;uav;awG? 'gukd tkd&DtGef b,fodyghrvJ/ ewforD;uav;awG

uawmh olwkdYem;uyfvmzkdY MudK;pm;aewJh tkd&DtGefukd aMumufMuw,f/

tkd&DtGefu aorsKd;jzpfwJh vlom; r[kwfvm;/ 'gaMumifh oleYJ vGwf&m

ajy;Muwmaygh/ olwkdYajy;awmh tkd&DtGefuvkduf? vkdufawmh ykdaMumufvm?

ykdjyD; jrefjrefajy;Mu/ olwkdYav;awG MumMum rajy;EkdifMuygbl;/ rMumcif

ajcukefvufyef;usvmw,f/ arm[kduf EGrf;e,fvmMuw,f/ qufrajy;

EkdifMuawmhbl;/ 'Dawmh tkd&DtGef vufwGif; rusqif;&atmif vewforD;

]tmwD;rD;} ukd vSrf;tultnDawmif;vkdufMuw,f/ 'Dawmh vewforD;u

olwkdYav;awGukd iSufjzLMuD; ckepfaumiftjzpf ajymif;ay;vkdufw,f/

aumif;uifxJ ysHwufEkdifMujyDrkdY olwkdYav;awG tkd&DtGef tvkdufcH&wJh

&efab;u a0;EkdifMujyDaygh/ aumif;uif [kd tjrifhxJ a&mufoGm;MuwJhtcg

iSufjzLckepfaumifukd vewforD;u Mu,fckepfyGifhtjzpf ajymif;vkdufjyefw,f/

tJ'D Mu,fckepfyGifhudk ]yvkdifat;'D;(pf)} vkdY ac:w,fav? tJ'D Mu,fckepfyGifh

aumif;uifxJrSm cyfrSdefrSdef vif;vufaewm ckxd jrifEkdifao;w,f

r[kwfvm;/

vewforD; tmwD;rD; ukd,fwkdifuvnf; awmvkduf tifrwef uRrf;

w,f/ trSefawmh 'DvewforD;u 0goemwl awmbk&ifav;udk MudKufae

w,fav/ awmbk&ifav; tkd&DtGefu ½kyfacsmwmudk;/ oefpGrf;MuHhckdifwmukd;/

rMumcif olwkdYESpfOD; twlawmvkdufwJh tajcqkdufcJhw,f/ aemufykdif;

awmh odyfukdcspfMuwJh rdwfaqGESpfOD;vkd jzpfoGm;Muw,f/


]'gayrJh cufaewmu tmwD;rD;u olUtpfukdMuD; aeewfom;

]tykdvkd}ukd uwdwpfck ay;xm;rdwJh tcsufyJ/ uwdu ]b,fawmhrS

tdrfaxmifrjyKygbl;} qkdwmyJ? tckvkd tkd&DtGefeJY olUESrav; aeYpOf

wwGJwGJvkyfaeawmh tykdvkd pdwfuoduatmuf jzpfvmw,f/ olUESrav;

uwdzsufawmhr,fvkdY xifw,f/ 'gaMumifh tykdvkdu olUESrav;eJY tkd&DtGef

uGJoGm;atmif pOf;vJwJh tpDtpOfwpfckudk MuHpnfjyD; csufcsif; taumif

txnf azmfawmhw,f/

wpfaeY tykdvkd yifv,furf;ajcbuf vrf;avQmufxGufawmh

olUESrav;ukdyg ac:oGm;w,f/ urf;ajcwpfavQmuf vrf;avQmuf&if;

tykdvkdu awmvkdufwJhtaMumif; pdwf0ifwpm;ajymvkd[ef aqmifw,f/

'DurSwpfqifh av;eJYjrm;taMumif; a&mufatmif qG,fvmcJhw,f/ tJ'D

qG,fvmwJh ae&mvnf;a&mufa&m tykdvkdu ]ESrav;xuf tpfukdu

ykda0;atmif ypfEkdifw,f/ bmaMumifhvJ odvm;/ tpfukdYav;u ESrav;

av;xuf ykdaumif;wmukd;} vkdY rcHcsifatmif qGay;vkdufw,f/

'Dawmh tmwD;rD;u ] 'g rjzpfEkdifbl;/ tpfukdeJY jydKifypfr,fav? 'grS

ESrav;[m tpfukdUxuf

av;ypfawmfwmukd vufawGU

jyEkdifrSmaygh}vkdY jyefajymw,f/


tykdvkd usdwfauseyfaew,f/ olpDpOfcJhwmvnf; 'DblwmqkdufzkdYukd;/

olu jyHK;NyHK;&,f&,f trlt&meJY ]aumif;ygjyDwJhAsm} vkdY oabmwlwJh

pum;cHvkdufw,f/ jyD;rSyifv,fxJ [kdawmfawmfa0;a0;utrnf;pufuav;

ukd ñTefjy&if; ]uJ a[m[kdrSm trnf;pufuav; jrifw,f r[kwfvm;/

tJ'D trnf;pufuav;udk rSefatmifypfEkdif&if ESrav;[m tpfukdYxuf

av;ypf ykdawmfw,fqkdwJh tcsufukd vufcHygw,fwJhAsm} vkdY ajymvkdufw,f/

tmwD;rD; bmrSrajymawmhbJ av;udkaumufukdifvkdufjyD; trnf;

pufuav;udk taotcsm csdefypfvTwfvkdufw,f/ trnf;pufuav;udk

wnfhwnfhrwfrwf xdrSefoGm;w,f/ rMumcifrSmyJ trnf;pufuav;

yifv,fxJ epfjrKyfaysmufuG,foGm;awmhw,f/

tykdvkdu ausauseyfeyfMuD; NyHK;jyD; ]ESrav;[m tpfukdYxuf

wu,fykdawmfygw,fAsm} vkdY 0efcHjyD; yifv,furf;pyfu xGufcGmoGm;w,f/

tmwD;rD; urf;pyfrSm usef&pfcJhw,f/ olu igypfvkdufwm bmrsm;

ygvdrfhvkdY awG;rdvkdufwmukd;/ rMumbl;/ olrtwGuf tifrwefYukd

wkefvIyf acsmufcsm;p&mt&m wpfckudk ½kwfw&uf jrifvkduf&w,f/ vIdif;vkH;

awGMum;rSm jrm;wef;vef;eJY tkd&DtGef vl;vdrfhygvmw,fav/ urf;pyfeJY

eD;vmawmh olUacG;MuD; qkdif&D;,yf[m 0rf;enf;aMuuGJ[efeJY yifv,fxJ

ul;cwfoGm;w,f/

wu,fawmh tykdvkd ñTefjywJh trnf;pufuav;[m tkd&DtGef

&JhOD;acgif;yJ/ tJ'DaeYrSm tkd&DtGefu olUacG;MuD;ac:jyD; yifv,fxJqif;

a&ul;w,fav/ ol a&ul;zkdY xGufvmwmudk tykdvkdu jrifvkdufw,f/

'DrSmwif tkd&DtGefukd owfzkdY olUESrav;tmwD;rD;ukdvSnfhpm;EkdifvkdufwmyJaygh/

tmwD;rD;[m olUvkyf&yftwGuf &ifxkrem jzpfae&Smw,f/ tonf;uGJ

atmif cHpm;ae&&Smw,f/ 'gayr,fh ol bmrS rwwfEkdifawmhbl;/ ukd,fh

cspfolukd ukd,fukd,fwkdif owfypfcJhjyDukd;/ olUb0rSm b,fvkdrS ajzodrfhEkdifawmh

rSm r[kwfbl;/

aemufykdif;rSm tmwD;rD;u tkd&DtGefeJY olYacG;MuD;ukd Mu,fESpfyGifhtjzpf

ajymif;ay;vkdufw,f/ ckawmif aumif;uifxJMunfhvkduf&if jrifEkdifao;

w,fav/ tkd&DtGefMu,frSm cg;ywfywfwJhae&mrSm Mu,fokH;yGifhygw,f/

tkd&DtGefMu,fab;u wvufvufMu,f[m qkdif&D;,yfMu,fyJaygh/

n


yd&daooyfvSwJh tajzyd&daooyfvSwJh tajzyd&daooyfvSwJh tajzyd&daooyfvSwJh tajzyd&daooyfvSwJh tajz

wpfOD;wnf;aomom;rkdY [m&Sifuav;ukd olUtazu odyfcspfowJhuG,f/

[m&Sifuav;uvhnf; vdr®mw,fav/ tazu [m&Sifuav; touf&SpfESpf

txd tdrfrSmyJ pmoifay;w,f/ [m&Sifuav;&Jh tazu todynm

<u,f0w,f/ bk&m;w&m; MunfndKw,f/ ol[m &SpfESpfom;t&G,f uav;

i,frsm; odEkdifpGrf;r&dSao;wJh taMumif;t&mawGudk om;jzpfol [m&Sifuav;

ukd oifjyay;xm;owJhuG,f/

[m&Sif touf&SpfESpf wif;wif;jynfhrS ausmif;ykdYw,f/ ausmif;a&muf

awmh q&mu [m&Sifuav;udk ]vluav; bmawG oif,lxm;jyD;jyDvJ}vdkY

ar;owJh/ 'Dawmh [m&Sifuav;u ]uRefawmfpmzwf wwfygw,f/

pmvnf;a&;wwfygw,f} vkdY ajzw,f/ q&mu qufjyD; ]*Pef;awGudka&m

a&wGufwwfjyDvm;} vkdY ar;jyefw,f/

][kwfuJh?uRefawmf a&wGufwwfygw,f/ *Pef;ocsFm enf;enf;yg;yg;

em;vnfygw,f}

[m&Sifuav;&Jh tajzpum;ukd Mum;&wJhtcg q&mu tem;rSm

&yfaewJh [m&Sifhzcifbuf vSnfhvkdufjyD;


]vlMuD;rif;cifAsm? vlMuD;rif;[m om;jzpfolukd ta&;? tzwf?

twGuftm;vkH;awmh oifjyxm;jyD;jzpfaeygjyD/ MuD;jrwfvSwJh bk&m;ocif

taMumif;ukda&m oifjyxm;ygovm;cifAsm? bk&m;ocif&Jh wefckd;awmf

teEÅawGtaMumif;rsm;ukdyg oifjyxm;jyD; jzpfygovm;} vkdY ar;vkdufjyef

w,f/

'Dtcg [m&Sifuav;&Jh zcifu

][m&Sifhukdom ar;Munfhygawmh} vkdY ajzowJh/

'gaMumifhq&mu [m&Sifuav;ukd

]uJ [m&Sif? rif;ukd q&mu bk&m;ocifeJY ywfoufwJh ar;cGef;

okH;ckar;r,f/ bk&m;ocif b,frSm &dSovJ/ bk&m;ocif bmawGudk odjrif

awmfrlovJ? bk&m;ocif bmawGudk aqmif&GufawmfrlEkdifovJ}

[m&Sifuav;&Jh jyefMum;csufu

]q&mar;wmukd uRefawmf BudK;pm;ajzyghr,f/ 'gayr,fh rajzcif

uRefawmf rodwJh okH;csuf q&mudk ar;cGifhjyKyg/ 'DtcsufokH;csufukdom

od&&if q&mhar;cGef; okH;ckudk uRefawmf ajzEkdifr,f xifygw,f}

]aumif;jyD/ ar;Ekdifygw,f vluav;}

&SpfESpfom;t&G,f uav;i,f&JU tar;avmufudkawmh tvG,fwul

ajzEkdifvdrfhr,f txifeJY q&mu ar;cGihfjyKvdkufw,f/

]yxrqkH; uRefawmfodcsifwmu bk&m;ocif b,fae&mrSm

r&dSbl;vJqkdwJh tcsufyJ/ 'kwd, odcsifwmu bk&m;ocifu bmawGudk

rodwmvJ qkdwJh tcsuf/ wwd,odcsifwmuawmh bk&m;ocif bmawGudk

raqmif&GufEkdifbl;vJ qkdwmygyJ q&m? uRefawmf odcsifwmawG od&jyD

qkd&if bk&m;ocifb,frSm&dSw,f/ bk&m;ocifbmawGukd odw,f? bk&m;

ocif bmawGudk aqmif&GufEkdifw,fqkdwm uRefawmfajzyghr,f}

[m&Sifuav;&Jh pum;tqkH;rSm q&m odyfjyD; tm;&auseyfoGm;

&w,f/

][m&Sif? rif; tifrwefawmfygayw,f/ rif;&Jh ar;cGef;okH;ckeJYyJ

q&mhar;cGef; okH;ckukd aoaooyfoyf ajzjyD; jzpfoGm;ygjyD} vkdY csD;usL;jyD;

[m&Sifuav;&Jh zcifMuD;ukd


]vlMuD;rif;cifAs/ vlMuD;rif;[m om;jzpfolukd aumif;pGm oifjy

xm;jyD;jzpfygw,f? bk&m;ocif&Jh wefckd;awmfteEÅawGudk xyfoifjyp&m

rvkdawmhygbl;? 'Dawmh uRefawmfodxm;wJh tjcm; taMumif;t&mrsm;ukd

0rf;yef;wom oifjyay;zkdY &dSygawmhw,f cifAsm} vkdY wpfqufwnf;

ajymjy vkdufawmhowJhuG,f/

n


tdyfpifuav;ay: yufvufvSef qeftkd;ukd pl;pl;pkdufpkdufMunfhjyD; pdwful;,Of&wmuvnf; rarmEkdif ryef;EkdifqkdyJ/

wpfnrSm olUqeftkd;ukd MunfhjyD; pdwful;,OfjyefowJh/]tif; qefawGawmh tkd;tjynfh &dSaerSmyJ/ 'Dtcsdef tiwfab;qkdufvm

&ifawmh xkwfa&mif;ypfr,f/ wpf&mawmh aocsmayguf&rSm/ 'DaiGwpf&meJYqdwfxD;uav;wpfaumif?qdwfruav;wpfaumif0,fr,f?ajcmufvavmufMumwkdif; Mumwkdif; qdwfuav;awG aygufr,f? Mumawmh qdwftkyfMuD;jzpfvma&m? 'DqdwftkyfMuD;udk a&mif;&if tJ aiGawGjyef&? 'DwpfcgawmhEGm;rawG 0,fr,f? EGm;rawGu EGm;uav;awG arG;? EGm;uav;awGukd jyefa&mif;? a&mif;&aiGeJY uRJawG0,fr,f? jyefa&mif; tJ'DaiGeJY jrif;awG0,fEkdifawmhrSmyJ? tif; 'Djrif;awGudk a&mif;vkduf&ifjzifh tm; a&TawG0,fEkdifjyD? 'Da&TawG a&mif;&aiGeJY tJ av;aqmifjydKiftdrfMuD; aqmufr,f? [J [J'Dtcgus jA[®PwpfOD;OD;u ighukd orD;unm vmquforSm?vufzGJUypönf;awG trsm;MuD;vJ ygvmrSmyJ? aemufwpfESpfavmuf Mumawmhom;uav;arG;? tif; emrnfb,fvkday;&ygh? tJ tJ pOf;pm;vkdY&jyD/ ]qkdrmqmyif} aygh/ 'Dom;uav; ighaygifay: wufaqmhupm;EkdifwJht&G,fa&mufvm&if jrif;aZmif;em;xkdifjyD; ig pmzwfawmhr,f? tif; pmzwfaewJhightay: wufaqmhzkdY olUtaraygifay: xkdifae&mu ajy;vmr,fhom;ukdjrifa,mifao;awmhuG,f/

om;uav;u jrif;awGMum;u jzwfajy;csif ajy;vmrSm/ tJ'Dvkdomqkd&if 'Daumif jrif;uefcH&zkdY aocsmw,f? 'DtcgrSm igu a'gowMuD;eJY]a[; uav;ukdac:prf;? ac:prf;} vkdY atmfajymvkdufr,f/ 'gayr,fh olUrSmtvkyfawGu ½IyfaevkdY igatmfajymwmukd Mum;csifrS Mum;rSm/ tJvkdrsm;rMum;vkdYuawmh wpfcgwnf; olYem;xoGm;jyD; ajcaxmufeJY a[m'Dvkda[m'Dvkd uefxnfhypfvkdufr,f/

tawG;aemuf pdwfygoGm;jyD; wpfcsufxuef rdvkdufowJh/ tJ oluefvkdufrdwmu olUrdef;rudkawmh r[kwfbl;/ qeftkd;ukd uefrdwm/'gaMumifh qeftkd;uGJjyD; qefawG olUtay: zdwfusvmawmhwmaygh/wpfukd,fvkH; azG;azG;jzLoGm;awmhowJh/

'gaMumifh tem*wftwGuf ra&&mwJh pdwful; tpDtpOfudk rkdufrkdufrJrJ

qGJolrSeforQ qkdrmqmyif&Jh zcifvkd tusKd;r&dSwJhtjzpfrsKd;eJY wkd;&wwfw,f/

n


b0ifukdifolb0ifukdifolb0ifukdifolb0ifukdifolb0ifukdifol

csDjynfe,f 0efMuD;csKyf ,efZl[m wpfaeYawmh jrif;av;aumifuwJh &xm;eJY

c&D;xGufcJhw,f/ 0efMuD;csKyf jrif;&xm;ukd armif;ESif&wJh t&dSefeJY jrif;

&xm;armif;ol[m tawmfav; b0ifav½kdufaeykH&w,f/ xnfxnf0g0g

jzpfaeykHvnf; &w,f/ 'Dtrlt&mawGudk jrif;&xm;armif;ol&Jh ZeD;onfu

*dwfaygufuae vSrf;tuJcwfvkdufrdw,f/

c&D;xGuf&mu tdrfjyefa&mufvmawmh jrif;&xm;armif;ol&Jh ZeD;u

]&Sifhukd uRefr uGmcsifjyD} vkdY ajymvkdufw,f/

'Dawmh jrif;&xm;armif;olu

]bmaMumifh uGmcsif&wmvJ} vkdY ar;w,f/

xkdtcg ZeD;onfu

],efZku csDjynfe,f&Jh 0efMuD;csKyf? jynfe,f wpfckvkH;rSm [kd;[kd;

ausmf? 'gayr,fh uaeY awGUvkdufawmh ½kd;½kd;pif;pif;uav;? bm[efyefrS

r&dSbl;? b0ifjrifhykH vkH;0raygufbl;? xnf0gcsif[ef wpfpufuav;rS

rawGU&bl;? wpfckckukd pl;pl;epfepf awG;aewwfwJh ykHpHrsKd;yJ? tif; &SifhrSmjzifh

&xm;armif;olom jzpfw,f? b0ifjrifhaewJhykH? odyfudk auseyftm;&

aewJhykH? 'gaMumifh &Sifhukd uGmcsifwm} vkdY &Sif;jyw,f/

aemufykdif;rSmawmh olra,mufsm;[m £a`E&dS&dS aexkdifoGm;awmhowJh/

&xm;armif;ol&Jh 'Dtajymif;tvJaMumifh 0efMuD;csKyf[m tHhMooGm;jyD;

pkHprf;MunfhwJhtcg &xm;armif;olukd,fwkdifu trSeftwkdif;ajymjyvkdufw,f/

'Dawmh 0efMuD;csKyfu t&m&dS wpfae&mtwGuf olUukd cefYtyfzkdY axmufcH

ay;vkdufygowJh/

n

jrefrmjyefol\jrefrmjyefol\jrefrmjyefol\jrefrmjyefol\jrefrmjyefol\

pmayESif h b0jzpfpOfrSwfwrf;pmayESif h b0jzpfpOfrSwfwrf;pmayESif h b0jzpfpOfrSwfwrf;pmayESif h b0jzpfpOfrSwfwrf;pmayESif h b0jzpfpOfrSwfwrf;

1937 Zlvdkifv 7 &ufwGif &Srf;jynfe,fajrmufydkif; rdk;rdwfNrdKUü arG;zGm;cJh/

rdbESpfyg;rSm OD;omaAsm ESifh a':a':rIH jzpfonf/ rdk;rdwfNrdKU tpdk;&

txufwef;ausmif;wGif oli,fwef;rS &Spfwef;atmifonftxd ynm

oif,lcJh/

1951 rEÅav;NrdKU? wdkif;cspf tvGwfynmoif txufwef;ausmif;odkY ajymif;a½TU

ynmoif,lcJh/

1952 rEÅav;NrdKU? wdkif;cspf tvGwfynmoif txufwef;ausmif;rS 10wef;

atmifjrifcJh/

1953 0gPdZÆ bmomwGJjzifh &efukefwuúodkvfwGif wufa&mufynmoif,lcJh/

1960 &efukefwuúodkvfrS Oypm 0gPZÆwef; atmifjrifcJh/

1963 awmifilNrdKU? or®w tvGwfynmoif txufwef;ausmif; ausmif;tkyf

&mxl;jzifh t*Fvdyfbmomjzifh oifjycJh/

1966 t*Fvdyfpm usL&Sifq&mtjzpf toufarG;cJh/ usL&Sifq&mtjzpf touf

arG;aeonfhtwGif;rSmyif 0w¬Kwdkrsm;udk a&;om;um r*¾Zif;wdkufrsm;odkY

ay;ykdYcJh/

1975 ZGefvxkwf aiGwm&Dr*¾Zif;wGif tajzESpfck 0w¬Kukd yxrqkH; azmfjy

cHcJh&/ onfhaemuf rdk;a0 pmayr*¾Zif;wGif 0w¬Kwdkrsm; qufwdkufa&;cJh/

1983 ynma&;avmurS xGufcGmum pmayavmuxJ0if&ef &efukefodkY

ajymif;a½TUvmcJh/

1984 OD;atmifjrifh (B.A;B.L) ESifh wGJí ½TifNyKH;avhvm t*Fvdyfpm pmtkyf

xkwfcJh/

1986 t*Fvdyfpm ukd,fykdiftawG;? ukd,fykdifta&; pmtkyfukd tvS'óe

pmtkyfwdkufrS xkwfa0cJh/

1992 azaz:0g&DvwGif tdEd´, ½dk;&m"avh ykHjyifrsm; pmtkyfudk tvS'óe


1992 ZGefvwGif EdkifiHpkH ykHjyiftvSrsm; pmtkyfudk pnfajAmoH pmaywdkufrS xkwfcJh/

1993 ZGefvwGif aus;awmom;ESifh EdkifiHpkHykHjyiftvSrsm; pmtkyfudk pnfajAmoH

pmaywdkufrS xkwfa0cJh/

1997 Mo*kwfvwGif ZmwfawmfvmykHjyifrsm; pmtkyfudk vif;OD;wm&m

pmaywdkufrS xkwfa0cJh/

1998 Edk0ifbmvwGif armh&if; &,fp&m t&ufavmu[morsm; bmomjyef

pmtkyfudk Mu,fpifvif; pmtkyfwdkufrS xkwfa0cJh/

1999 Zefe0g&DwGif iSufwHwm;ESifh EdkifiHpkH ykHjyifrsm; pmtkyfukd ywåjrm;iarmuf

pmaywkdufrS xkwfcJh/

1999 azaz:0g&DvwGif aumif;uifxJu Mu,fuav;aw G ESifh EdkifiHpkHykHjyif

rsm; pmtkyfudkd ywåjrm;iarmuf pmaywdkufrS xkwfa0cJh/

1999 {NyDvwGif jzpfEdkifw,fxifprf;yg? jzpfygw, f bmomjyefpmtkyfudk

yef;a&Tjynf pmtkyfwdkufrS xkwfa0cJh/

1999 'DZifbmvwGif EdkifiHwum pum;ykHjyifrsm; pmtkyfudk t½kPfaumif;uif


2000 rwfvwGif rSefuefwJhqkH;jzwfcsuf b,fvdkcsrvJ xkwfa0cJh/

2000 rwfvwGif uRefawmfhtar&duudk pmayavmupmtkyfwdkufrS xkwfa0cJh/

2000 Mo*kwfvwGif uav;rsm;twGuf b0wpfoufwm EdkifiHwum

A[kokwtjzmjzm xkwfa0cJh/

2000 pufwifbmvwGif ,l[def; odkYr[kwf aordefYESifhtwlarG;zGm;vmolxkwfa0/

2001 {NyDvwGif tcspfzefvkH;uav;ESifh w½kwf? AD,uferf ykHjyifrsm; xkwfa0/

2001 r*¾Zif;tcsdKUESifh *sme,ftcsdKUwGif ukd,fykdifa&; 0w¬Kwkdrsm;? bmomjyef

0w¬Kwdkrsm;? aqmif;yg;rsm;? [mo twdktxGmrsm;udk vpOf a&;om;

vsuf&dSonf/

« wpftkyf 800 usyf

Documents