01b.http and wap

8/6/2019 01b.http and Wap

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pro t oc o ls fo r t he w eb and

t he m obi le Int e rnet


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agenda

HTTPHistory

Evolution

W@P

History

ArchitectureWAP in the real world


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h t t p h i st o ry

1992 : HTTP/0.91996 : HTTP/1.0 informational RFC 1945

2001 : HTTP/1.1 formal standard


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ht t p overview

request-response type of protocolstateless protocol

independent of data representation


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h t t p evolut ion

HTTP/0.9only GET method defined for request messages

in the reply only HTML content is transmitted


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h t t p evolut ion

HTTP/1.0 (1/2)HTTP Request/Response

new message format introduced: structured multiline

message including headers appending the HTTP version in the request message

MIME type included


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h t t p evolut ion

HTTP/1.0 (2/2)new methods defined: HEAD, POST, PUT,

DELETE, LINK, UPLINK

basic user authentication


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h t t p evolut ion

Request = Request-Line

*(( general-header

| request-header

| entity-header ) CRLF)

CRLF

[ message-body ]Request-Line = Method SP

Request-URI SP HTTP-Version CRLF

Response = Status-Line*(( general-header

| response-header

| entity-header ) CRLF)

CRLF

[ message-body ]

Status-Line = HTTP-Version SP

Status-Code SP Reason-Phrase CRLF

HTTP/1.1 (1/2)Request/Response message formats finalized


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h t t p evolut ion

HTTP/1.1 (2/2)Persistent connection added

New request methods:PUT, OPTIONS,

TRACE & CONNECTHeaders: general-header, request-header,

response-header and entity-header used to send

information about the HTTP message host header

Range, Content Range headers


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HTTP and the Web in the future...


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w i re less appl ic a t ion p rot oc o l

Why is it need?The web gained enormous popularity

Mobile telecommunications matured

Next step: Internet anywhere anytime

The web though is designed for desktops that have access

to high bandwidth and reliable network connections

WAP will provide for optimization for the wireless

environment and will address its limitations


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w ap h is to ry

1997: WAP Forum established(Nokia, Ericsson and Motorola, Phone.com )

1998: WAP 1.0

2002: WAP 2.0


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w ap 1 .0

ObjectivesTo bring Internet content to the wireless terminals

To create a protocol specification that will work across

different wireless network technologiesTo enable the creation of content that scales across many

wireless bearer networks and wireless device types

To extend existing standards wherever appropriate


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w ap 1 .0 a rc h i t ec t u re

WAP 1.0 Programming model

fig.WAP 1.0 Programming Model [2]


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WAP 1.0 Protocol Stack

fig. WAP 1.0 Components [2]


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w ap in t he rea l w orld

Massive publicity started well beforeWAP was available. Marketed as the next

Internet revolution

First WAP services launched in 1999(Sonera the first operator to provide wap services)


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Usability issuesUsability studies

Difficult to configure. over-the-air configuration

available

Transactions(browsing) are really slow

Service is expensive


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Broken promisses or wrongexpectations

The killer application never materialize

Not so many WAP resources available


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w ap 2 .0

ObjectivesAdd support for the standard Internet protocols

Continues to work on the goals set by WAP 1.0


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WAP 2.0 Programming model

WAP 2.0 Programing Model [3]


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WAP 2.0 Legacy Protocol Layers

WAP 2.0 Components [3]


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WAP 2.0 Protocol layers for IP support

WAP 2.0 with support for standard Internet protocols [3]


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WAP 2.0 ComponentsWireless Profiled HTTP

Transport Layer Security

Wireless Profiled TCP


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t he c om pet i t or

i-modeA proprietary service (owned by NTT DoCoMo)

Can practically read any Web page

i-mode uses compact HTML (cHTML) which ispractically subset of HTML with some I-mode

specific tags

Packets-witchedCharging based on transfer not air time.WAP initially

used circuit switching


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i -mode

If i-mode was a superior specification or technology, then other

companies would have adopted it by now. But 500-and-some companieshave gotten behind the WAP standard rather than the I-mode standard.

That's got to tell you something. ,

article 2000 WAP or I-Mode: Which Is Better?, www.wired.com

the service is expanding globally since

2002

Available in Germany, Taiwan, The Netherlands,Belgium, France, Italy, Greece, Australia, Israel,

Russia , United Kingdom and Ireland


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The future of wap...


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re ferences

Hypertext Transfer Protocol HTTP/1.1 , Standard Track

Wireless Application protocol White Paper

At http://www.wapforum.org/what/WAP_whitepages.pdf

Wireless Application Protocol WAP2.0 Technical White Paper

At http://www.wapforum.org/what/WAPWhite_Paper1.pdfWAP Field Study Findings

At http://www.useit.com/alertbox/20001210.html

WAP: Broken Promises or Wrong Expectation? , The Internet Protocol

Journal, Volume 6, Number 2, June 2003. Available at www.cisco.com


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re ferences

The unofficial independent imode FAQ

At http://www.eurotechnology.com/imode/faq.html

I-mode , Atwww.nttdocomo.com

Content Networking in the Mobile Internet, Sudhir Dixit and Tao Wu,

ISBN: 0-471-46618-2

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