1111 k. yamamoto, r. takahashi, k. ono, t. sekiguchi, y. sakakibara, c. tokoku, m. kamiizumi, u....

1111

K. Yamamoto, R. Takahashi, K. Ono, T. Sekiguchi, Y. Sakakibara, C. Tokoku, M. Kamiizumi, U. Iwasaki, E. Hirose, A. Khalaidovski,

T. Uchiyama, S. Miyoki, M. Ohashi, T. AkutsuA, H. IshizakiA, T. SuzukiB, N. KimuraB, S. KoikeB, K. TsubonoC, Y. AsoC, T. UshibaC, K. ShibataC,

D. ChenD, N. OhmaeE, K. SomiyaF, R. DeSalvoG, E. MajoranaH, L. NaticchioniH, W. JohnsonI, A. CummingJ, R. DouglasJ, K. HaughianJ,

I. MartinJ, P. MurrayJ, S. RowanJ , G. HofmannK, C. SchwarzK, D. HeinertK, R. NawrodtK, KAGRA collaboration

ICRR.UT, NAOJA, KEKB, Phys.S.UTC, Astro.S.UTD, E.UTE,S.TITF, Sannio Univ.G, INFNH, Louisiana State Univ.I , University of GlasgowJ,

Friedrich-Schiller-Universitaet JenaK

Development of cryogenic payload

for KAGRA III

2013 September 22The meeting of Physical Society of Japan

@Kochi University, Kochi, Kochi

2

0. Abstract

Although there are many topics, but here,I will explain

(1)Experiment in cooling test of KAGRA cryostat(2)1/4 cryostat (for performance test)(3)Monolithic sapphire suspension

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Contents

1.Introduction2.KAGRA cryostat3.1/4 cryostat4.Sapphire suspension5.Summary

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1. Introduction

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3km3km

MozumiY-end Sakonishi

X-end

AtotsuCenter

Vibration isolation system, Cryocooler unit, Cryostat, Cryogenic payload

Schematic view of KAGRA interferometerFour mirrors of arm cavity will be cooled.

Kamioka mine (Underground site)

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Cryogenic mirror

Cryostat

Vibration Isolation

Outline of vibration isolation and cryostat

1. Introduction

14 m

6

to SAS

View ports

Remote valve unit

4 Low vibration cryocooler unit

Main LASER beam

Cryostat Stainless steel t20mm Diameter 2.6m Height ~3.6m M ~ 10 ton

Cryo-coolers Pulse tube, 60Hz 0.9 W at 4K (2nd) 36 W at 50K (1st)

Outline of cryostatCryogenic

payload

Mirror20K

1. Introduction

S. Koike

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Main topics

Experiment using KAGRA cryostat Initial cooling time of cryogenic payload Radiation shield vibration

1/4 cryostat Performance test of cryogenic payload

Sapphire monolithic suspension Key component of KAGRA

1. Introduction

KAGRA cryostats have already been assembled !

at Toshiba Keihin Product Operations 8

2. KAGRA cryostat

Cooling test for all four KAGRA cryostats January 2013 – April 2013

Three of them were move to a warehouse near Kamioka on the 27th and 28th of July.

Cooling test for the 3rd cryostat July 2013 – August 2013

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2. KAGRA cryostat

Three cryostats were move to a warehouse near Kamioka on the 27th and 28th of July.

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2. KAGRA cryostat

Three of cryostats were move to a warehouse near Kamioka on the 27th and 28th of July.

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2. KAGRA cryostat

Three of cryostats were move to a warehouse near Kamioka on the 27th and 28th of July.

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2. KAGRA cryostat

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Experiments in cooling test of KAGRA cryostat

Experiment 1 : Initial cooling time of cryogenic payload This initial cooling time should be short. Yusuke Sakakibara and Kenji Ono reported in previous talks.

Experiment 2 : Measurement of shield vibration This vibration causes motion of mirrors and scattered light noise. Dan Chen and Luca Naticchioni developed cryogenic accelerometer.

2. KAGRA cryostat

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Experiment 2 : Measurement of shield vibration Dan Chen (horizontal motion)

2. KAGRA cryostat

Analysis for sensitivity is in progress.

After cooling down 10K

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Experiment 2 : Measurement of shield vibration Luca Naticchioni (vertical motion)

2. KAGRA cryostat

Analysis for sensitivity is in progress.

After cooling down 10K

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Cryogenic payload is not a simple system.

We need cryostat to test cryogenic payload performance.

KAGRA cryostat is not appropriate for test. Cleanness must be kept

1/4 cryostat will be prepared in Kashiwa campus.1/4 means number of cryocooler, not size.It will be delivered on the end of September.

3. 1/4 cryostat

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Initial cooling test with liquid nitrogen (Jecc Torisha) : 30th Aug. 2013Delivery : 27th of Sep. 2013 Vacuum chamber : 1.2 m in diameter, 1.6 m in height

3. 1/4 cryostat

1.5hours 100K

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4. Sapphire suspension

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Sapphire monolithic suspension Sapphire mirror suspended by sapphire fibers. Key component of KAGRAWe need(a)Drilled sapphire mirror(b)Sapphire fibers with nail heads

Preliminary

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Drilled sapphire bulk We ordered Shinkosha (test sample). It will be delivered on the end of September.

KAGRA mirrors : 220 mm in diameter

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Latest status (19th of Sep. 2013)

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Test sample (T. Uchiyama)

Sapphire fibers with nail heads are necessary to suspend mirrors.

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MolTech GmbH (Germany) and IMPEX HighTech GmbH (Germany) have already delivered !

4. Sapphire suspensionSapphire fibers with nail heads

Although the size is similar to that of KAGRA, quality check is necessary.


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Sapphire fibers with nail heads

Quality check under collaboration with ET (ELiTES) Q-value Measurement in Glasgow, Jena, Rome and Tokyo Thermal conductivity Measurement in Jena, Rome and Tokyo Strength Measurement preparation in Glasgow

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Latest summary


Moltech IMPEX KAGRA requirement

Q-value 107 2*106 5*106

at 20KThermal Conductivity 3000 5000 5000at 20K [W/m/K] -10000Although these results are promising, further investigation is necessary.


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4. Sapphire suspensionThermal conductivity of four IMPEX fibers

Enough high conductivity But Q-values was not measured.

Aleksandr KhalaidovskiRonny Nawrodt

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4. Sapphire suspensionQ-values of IMPEX fibers (high thermal conductivity)

Measurement is in progress at Rome. Dan Chen, Ettore Majorana

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Measurement is in progress at Rome. Dan Chen, Ettore Majorana

Q-values of IMPEX fibers (high thermal conductivity)

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Assembled sapphire monolithic suspension

Performance of assembled monolithic sapphire pendulum must be checked.

Before that, sapphire bulk is suspended by sapphire fibers using indium as thermal and mechanical contact (some kinds of “glue” instead of bonding) between sapphire bulk and fibers. We will investigate performance and obtain expertise for the monolithic pendulum test as first step.

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Assembled sapphire monolithic suspension A. Khalaidovski designed the frame for this first step. This frame was delivered.

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5. SummaryKAGRA cryostat Experiments in cooling test : Initial cooling time of payload Previous talks by Y. Sakakibara and K. Ono Radiation shield vibration Measurement was finished. Analysis for sensitvity is in progress. D. Chen and L. Naticchioni

1/4 cryostat to check cryogenic payload will be delivered by the end of September.

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5. SummarySapphire monolithic suspension

Drilled bulk will be delivered on end of September. Experiments for sapphire fiber are in progress but the results are promising. We are preparing the first step experiment of monolithic sapphire suspension.

A. Khalaidovski, R. Nawrodt, D. Chen, E. Majorana

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Acknowledgement

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ELiTES: ET-LCGT interferometric Telescope Exchange of Scientists Grant for collaboration about cryogenic between KAGRA and ET European 7th Framework Programme Marie Curie action (Mar. 2012 - Feb. 2016)

European people can visit Japan for KAGRA.

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C. Tokoku

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Thank you for your attention !

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6. Human resources

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Japanese graduate students visited (or will visit) Europe.

Yusuke Sakakibara (October 2012 – December 2012) Investigation for coating and sapphire fibers (Glasgow and Jena) ET meeting, Hannover, December 2012http://gwdoc.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp/cgi-bin/private/DocDB/ShowDocument?docid=1420 http://gwdoc.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp/cgi-bin/private/DocDB/ShowDocument?docid=1469

(Takanori Sekiguchi (January 2013 – March 2013) Investigation for vibration isolation (Amsterdam) http://gwdoc.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp/cgi-bin/DocDB/ShowDocument?docid=1708) Dan Chen (September 2013 – October 2013) Investigation for sapphire fiber (Rome)

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6. Human resources

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Visitors supported by ELiTES in the last half year

Christian Schwarz, Gerd Hofmann, Ronny Nawrodt (Jena) Automatic systems to measure Q-values and thermal conductivity of sapphire fibers

Luca Naticchioni, Maurizio Perci, Ettore Majorana (Rome) Measurement of KAGRA radiation shield at cryogenic temperature

(Kieran Craig (Glasgow) Measurement of coating mechanical dissipation)

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Some items for future research (not perfect list)

(a)Investigation material properties (Q, thermal conductivity, strength etc.) of coating, fiber and so on.(b)Sapphire bonding, Sapphire fiber clamp(c)Control and damping scheme Actuators and sensors at cryogenic temperature(d) Mechanical and thermal simulation for payload(e) Vertical spring in cryostat(f) Reduction of initial cooling time Thermal resistance of clamp .... (g) Baffles for scattered light in radiation shield(h) Assembly procedure

7. For future

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8. SummaryCryostat : Assembly is in progress. Cooling test is coming soon.Cryogenic duct : Optimum position of 5 buffles Future work : scattered lightCryocooler unit : Cooling test and vibration measurement : OKCryogenic payload Preparation for 1/4 cryostat to check payload performance is in progress. Current main R&D topics Inital cooling time, Sapphire fiber with nail head, Coating mechanical loss, Vibration of shield

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8. Summary

ELiTES has already started and supports the development of KAGRA cryogenic system.

If you want to join our mission, let us know.

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2. Issues

(1)How to assemble Details of construction, clean room ….

(2)Strength Tensile strength, development of clamp, sapphire bonding …

(3)Control and damping system to reduce fluctuation and instability Actuators (what and where), resonant mode (frequency and Q) and so on

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2. Issues

(4)Cooling

Temperature of mirror (below 20 K), initial cooling time, heat resistance of clamp …

(5)Noise

Thermal noise, vibration via vibration isolation system and heat links …

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Test 2 : Heat load test How much is temperature with extra heat load ?

We can derive extra heat load from temperature. Examples for extra heat load Scattered light by mirror Heat absorption in mirror 300 K radiation through holes for main beam

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Cooling test in Toshiba

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Test 2 : Heat load test

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Pulse tube cryocoolers



Heater and thermometer

Sapphire mirror


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4646464646

2 W

5 W

10 W 0 W

Scatted power is 5 W when scattered loss on the mirror surface is 10 ppm.


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4747474747




Heater and thermometer

Sapphire mirror


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4848484848

4 W

10 W 0 W

According to our design, temperature should be below 8 K when heat absorption in mirror is 1 W.

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2. 1/4 cryostatBid (for parts of 1/4 cryostat) was opened ! (Jecc Torisha) Discussion for final design is in progress.

Preliminary and

not latest version.

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After Yusuke left …. Clamp for IMPEX fibers in Jena

4. Sapphire fibers

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Profile measurement in Glasgow

4. Sapphire fibers

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Q measurement in Jena


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Thermal conductivity measurement in Jena


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Latest summary


Crystal axis

Ribbon ?


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5555555555

2 Pulse tube cryocoolers

2 Pulse tube cryocoolers


Baffles Cryoduct

Outer shield(80K)

Inner shield(8K)

Vacuum chamber

(300K)


5656565656




Heat link (pure Al)

Sapphire mirror (About 20K)

Heat link (pure Al)

Sapphire fiber

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Cooling test of KAGRA cryostat in Toshiba

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Test 1 : Initial cooling time of ratidation shield How long does it take to cool shield ?Test 2 : Heat load test How much is temperature with extra heat load?C. Tokoku et al., Proceedings of CEC/ICMC 2013 (2EPoE1-03)

K. Yamamoto et al., Opening a new era for the astrophysics:The future detectors of gravitational waves (19 April 2013) http://gwdoc.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp/cgi-bin/DocDB/ShowDocument?docid=1615

2. KAGRA cryostat

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Test 1 : Initial cooling time

The result (2 weeks) is similar to our expectation.There is no large unexpected heat invasion and resistance.

2. KAGRA cryostat Cooling test of KAGRA cryostat in Toshiba

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Two items for cryoduct

(1)300K radiation though this cryo duct must be small.

(2)Scattered light noise by this duct should be small. Not only scattered light itself but also vibration of cryo duct should be small.

Preparation for experiment is in progress.Yusuke Sakakibara will explain details later.

3. Cryoduct

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30th of July 2013

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Construction is in progress (Jecc Torisha). Support frame inside radiation shield

626262

Construction is in progress (Jecc Torisha). Radiation shield

636363

Construction is in progress (Jecc Torisha). Vacuum chamber : 1.2 m in diameter, 1.6 m in height

4. 1/4 cryostat

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Bonding between sapphire fibers and sapphire mirror Investigation of Hydroxide Catalysis Bonding is in progress in Glasgow. (Rebecca Douglas, GWADW2013).

Strength (about 60 MPa) measured by her is 10 times larger than those of previous papers. T. Suzuki et al., Journal of Physics; Conference Series 32(2006)309. A. Dari et al., Classical and Quantum Gravity 27(2010)045010.

Plan : Measurement of thermal resistance and so on.

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6. Human resources

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Fresh personsDr. Aleksandr Khalaidovski from Hannover, June 2013-May 2014 Sapphire monolithic suspension

(Dr. Fabián Erasmo Peña Arellano from Birmingham, May 2013 – April 2016 Cryogenic sensor)

Dr. Rahul Kumar from Glasgow, October 2013 – September 2014 Simulation and development of payload

1111 k. yamamoto, r. takahashi, k. ono, t. sekiguchi, y. sakakibara, c. tokoku, m. kamiizumi, u....

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