2 kavita_grid computing_3 [9.1.10] pp6-10

8/12/2019 2 KAVITA_Grid Computing_3 [9.1.10] Pp6-10

1/7

Grid Computing

Kavita Agrawal

Department of Information Technology, Ajay Kumar Garg Engineering College, P.O. Adhyatmic agar, Gha!ia"ad #$%$$&

'a(ita)$*no(+yahoo.co.in

Grid-computing principles focus on large-scale resource sharing

in distributed systems in a flexible, secure, and coordinated

fashion. This dynamic coordinated sharing results in innovative

applications maing use of high-throughput computing for

dynamic problem solving.

Keywords: Virtual organizations, Grid Security infrastructure

I. IT-ODCTIO

Grid computing i/ applying the re/ource/ of many computer/

in a net0or' to a /ingle pro"lem, al/o at the /ame time to a

/cientific or technical pro"lem that re1uire/ a great num"er of

computer proce//ing cycle/ or acce// to large amount/ of data.

One of the "a/ic re1uirement/ of a grid /y/tem i/ the a"ility to

pro(ide the highle(el 1uality of /er(ice needed for a

/ati/factory u/er e2perience. Thu/, 3o4 (alidation mu/t e2i/t

a/ a "a/ic feature in any grid /y/tem, a/ mea/ured "y the

a(aila"le re/ource metric/. The/e metric/ include re/pon/e

time mea/urement/, aggregated e(ent performance monitoring

and mea/urement/, /ecurity fulfillment, re/ource /cala"ility,a(aila"ility, autonomic feature/, failo(er mechani/m/, and

net0or'ing /er(ice/.

Type/ of grid are

o Computational grid5 Thi/ grid i/ u/ed to allocate

re/ource/ /pecifically for computing po0er .

o 4ca(enging grid/5 It i/ u/e to find and har(e/t

machine cycle/ from idle /er(er/ and de/'top

computer/ for u/e in re/ourceinten/i(e ta/'/.o Data grid/6 It pro(ide a unified interface for all data

repo/itorie/ in an organi!ation, and through 0hichdata can "e 1ueried, managed and /ecured.

II.EED 7O- G-ID CO8PTIG

Current di/tri"uted computing technologie/,

Internet technologie/ addre// communication and

information e2change among computer/ "ut do not

/upport coordinated u/e of re/ource/ at multiple /ite/ for

computation.

Enterpri/e di/tri"uted computing technologie/ /uch a/

CO-9A and Enterpri/e :a(a ena"le re/ource /haring

0ithin a /ingle organi!ation.

The concept that underlie/ the Grid i/ coordinated

re/ource /haring and pro"lem /ol(ing in multiin/titutional (irtual organi!ation/.

The /haring that 0e are concerned 0ith i/

not primarily file e2change "ut direct acce// to

computer/, /oft0are, data and other re/ource/.

Thi/ /haring i/, nece//arily, highly controlled, 0ith

re/ource pro(ider/ and con/umer/ defining clearly and

carefully ju/t 0hat i/ /hared, 0ho i/ allo0ed to /hare, and

the condition/ under 0hich /haring occur/.

III. 9ACKG-OD

The term Grid computingoriginated in the early %&&$/ a/ a

metaphorfor ma'ing computer po0er a/ ea/y to acce// a/ an

electricpo0er gridin Ian 7o/ter and Carl Ke//elman/ /eminal

0or', ;The Grid5 9lueprint for a ne0 computing

Infra/tructure;. CP /ca(enging and (olunteer computing

0ere populari!ed "eginning in %&&< "y di/tri"uted net and

later in %&&& "y 4ETI+home to harne// the po0er of

net0or'ed PC/ 0orld0ide, in order to /ol(e CPinten/i(e

re/earch pro"lem/.

The idea/ of the grid =including tho/e from di/tri"uted

computing, o"ject oriented programming, 0e" /er(ice/ and

other/> 0ere "rought together "y Ian 7o/ter, Carl Ke//elman

and 4te(e Tuec'e, 0idely regarded a/ the ;father/ of the grid.;

They led the effort to create the Glo"u/ Tool'itincorporating

*
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaphorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_gridhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volunteer_computinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed.nethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SETI@homehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SETI@homehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Fosterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Fosterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Kesselmanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Kesselmanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steve_Tuecke&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globus_Toolkithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globus_Toolkithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_gridhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volunteer_computinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed.nethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SETI@homehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Fosterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Kesselmanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steve_Tuecke&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globus_Toolkithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaphor


2/7

not ju/t computation management "ut al/o /torage

management, /ecurity pro(i/ioning, data mo(ement,

monitoring and a tool'it for de(eloping additional /er(ice/

"a/ed on the /ame infra/tructure including agreement

negotiation, notification mechani/m/, trigger /er(ice/ and

information aggregation.

I?. KE@ CO8POET4 O7 G-ID CO8PTIG

-e/ource management5 the grid mu/t "e a0are of

0hat re/ource/ are a(aila"le for different ta/'/.

4ecurity management5 the grid need/ to ta'e care that

only authori!ed u/er/ can acce// and u/e the

a(aila"le re/ource/.

Data management5 data mu/t "e tran/ported,

clean/ed, and proce//ed.

4er(ice/ management5 u/er/ and application/ mu/t "e

a"le to 1uery the grid in an effecti(e and efficient

manner.

?. ?I-TA O-GAIBATIO4

The concept of the ?O i/ the 'ey to grid computing. A virtual

organization=?O> i/ a dynamic group of indi(idual/, group/,

or organi!ation/ 0ho define the condition/ and rule/ for

/haring re/ource/.

All ?O/ /hare /ome characteri/tic/ and i//ue/, including

common concern/ and re1uirement/ that may (ary in /i!e,

/cope, duration, /ociology, and /tructure. The mem"er/ of any

?O negotiate the /haring of re/ource/ "a/ed upon the rule/

and condition/ defined "y the ?O, and the mem"er/ then

/hare the re/ource/ in the ?O/ con/tructed re/ource pool.

A//igning u/er/, re/ource/, and organi!ation/ from different

domain/ to a ?O remain/ one of the 'ey technical challenge/

in grid computing today. Thi/ ta/' include/ the determination

of a definition of re/ource di/co(ery mechani/m/, /uch a/identification and application of appropriate re/ource/haring

method/, /pecification and application of rule/ and condition/

for mem"er a//ignment, /ecurity federation or delegation, and

acce// control among the participant/.

?I. G-ID A-CITECT-E 8ODE

A ne0 architecture model and technology ha/ "een de(eloped

for the e/ta"li/hment and management of cro//organi!ational

re/ource /haring. Thi/ ne0 architecture, called grid

architecture, identifie/ the "a/ic component/ of a grid /y/tem.

7igure %5 Grid Architecture 8odel

The grid architecture define/ the purpo/e and function/ of it/

component/, 0hile indicating ho0 the/e component/ interact

0ith one another. The main focu/ of the architecture i/ on

interopera"ility among re/ource pro(ider/ and u/er/ in order

G-ID CO8PTIG

to e/ta"li/h the /haring relation/hip/. Thi/ interopera"ility, in

turn, nece//itate/ common protocol/ at each layer of the

architectural model, 0hich lead/ to the definition of a gridprotocol architecture.

Thi/ protocol architecture define/ common mechani/m/,

interface/, /chema, and protocol/ at each layer, "y 0hich u/er/

and re/ource/ can negotiate, e/ta"li/h, manage, and /hare

re/ource/. 7igure % /ho0/ the component layer/ of the grid

architecture and the capa"ilitie/ of each layer. Each layer

/hare/ the "eha(ior of the underlying component layer/. The

follo0ing de/cri"e/ the core feature/ of each of the/e

component layer/, /tarting from the "ottom of the /tac' and

mo(ing up0ard.

Fabric layerthe fa"ric layer define/ the interface to

local re/ource/, 0hich may "e /hared. Thi/ include/

computational re/ource/, data /torage, net0or'/,

catalog/, /oft0are module/, and other /y/tem

re/ource/.


3/7

Connectivity layerthe connecti(ity layer define/

the "a/ic communication and authentication

protocol/ re1uired for grid/pecific net0or'ing

/er(ice tran/action/.

esource layerthi/ layer u/e/ the communication

and /ecurity protocol/ =defined "y the connecti(itylayer> to control /ecure negotiation, initiation,

monitoring, accounting, and payment for the /haring

of function/ of indi(idual re/ource/. The re/ource

layer call/ the fa"ric layer function/ to acce// and

control local re/ource/. Thi/ layer only handle/

indi(idual re/ource/, ignoring glo"al /tate/ and

atomic action/ acro// the re/ource collection pool,

0hich are the re/pon/i"ility of the collecti(e layer.

Collective layer0hile the re/ource layer manage/

an indi(idual re/ource, the collecti(e layer i/

re/pon/i"le for all glo"al re/ource management andinteraction 0ith collection/ of re/ource/. Thi/

protocol layer implement/ a 0ide (ariety of /haring

"eha(ior/ u/ing a /mall num"er of re/ourcelayer and

connecti(itylayer protocol/.

!pplication layerthe application layer ena"le/ the

u/e of re/ource/ in a grid en(ironment through

(ariou/ colla"oration and re/ource acce// protocol/.

?II. CO8POET4 O7 G-ID?II. CO8POET4 O7 G-ID

Grid computing con/i/t/ of /e(eral component/ 0hich are

/ho0n in 7igure #5Grid "ortal: Portal pro(ide/ the u/er 0ith an interface to

launch application/.#

Grid Security $nfrastructure %GS$&: It con/i/t/ of #

component/ u/er /ecurity andnode /ecurity. /er /ecurity

pro(ide/ /ingle /ignon, delegation, runany0here

!KG'C ()*+! )F -'C.+))G/,(ol. %, no.%

authentication /er(ice, 0ith /upport for local control o(er

acce// right/ . In node /ecurity, if a proce//or enroll/ in a

dynamic rather than preadmini/tered manner, then an

identification and authentication (alidation mu/t "e performed

"efore the proce//or can actually participate in the grid/0or'. A certificate authority =CA> can "e utili!ed to e/ta"li/h

the identity of the proce//or a/ 0ell a/ the u/er/ of the grid.

7igure # Grid Component/

0ro1er: It pro(ide/ information a"out a(aila"le re/ource/ on

the grid and 0or'ing /tatu/ of the/e re/ource/.

Scheduler: It /et/ rule/ and prioritie/ for routing jo"/ on agrid"a/ed infra/tructure. 4cheduler/ monitor the progre// of

acti(e jo"/ .If jo"/ 0ere to "ecome lo/t due to /y/tem ornet0or' outage/, /cheduler 0ould automatically re/u"mit the

jo" el/e0here. If a jo" appear/ to "e in an infinite loop and

reache/ a ma2imum timeout, then 4uch jo"/ 0ill not "e

re/cheduled.

2ata management 0loc1: It i/ re/pon/i"le for mo(ing file/

and data to (ariou/ node/ 0ithin the grid.

(ob 3anagement 0loc1: It i/ al/o 'no0n a/ grid re/ource

allocation 8anager=G-A8>. It/ function/ include pro(idingthe /er(ice/ to launch a jo" on a particular re/ource chec'ing

the jo"/ /tatu/, retrie(e the re/ult/ 0hen the jo" i/ complete.

It 'eep/ trac' of the re/ource/ a(aila"le to the grid and 0hich

u/er/ are mem"er/ of the grid.

?III. 9EE7IT4 O7 G-ID CO8PTIG

Acce// to a plethora of IT re/ource/5 Compared to

traditional clo/ed or company/pecific computing

en(ironment/, a grid can pro(ide acce// to large

uni(er/e of re/ource/ and po//i"ly to /pecial

e1uipment,

/oft0are and other /er(ice/. 4cala"ility can "e /upported in

term/ of additional 1uantity of /uch re/ource/.

9etter utili!ation of underu/ed re/ource/

In nited 4tate/ there are an e/timated F$$ 8illion

computer/ at an a(erage computing Po0er of FFF 8IP4,


4/7

"ut mo/t Pc/ do nothing for &H of a typical day. Jith

grid computing /cienti/t/ can u/e thi/ computational

po0er to addre// /ome of the mo/t computational

inten/i(e /cientific ta/'/ li'e ne0 drug de/ign/. O2ford

ni(er/ity/ Centre for Computational Drug Di/co(ery/

project that utili!e/ more than one million PC/ to loo' for

a cancer cure. People around the 0orld donate a fe0 CP

cycle/ from their PC/ through ;/creen/a(er time.; The

project e(entually 0ill analy!e F.H "illion molecule/ for

cancerfighting potential. 8ore than H$,$$$ year/ of CP

po0er ="a/ed on a %.H gigahert! chip> ha(e "een put to

0or' /o far.

Increa/ed relia"ility of computing

Grid computing employ/ -AIC =redundant array of

ine2pen/i(e computer/> mechani/m. Jhen a proce//or

fail/ it can "e replaced 0ithout turning theother off.

Paralleli!ation of proce//ing

8any algorithm/"a/ed application/ can "e

partitioned into independent running Lmicrojo"/M. A

grid application can "e thought of a/ an aggregate of

many /maller Lmicrojo"/M, each e2ecuting on a

different proce//or.

-e/ource "alancing

7or application/ that are grid ena"led, the grid

infra/tructure can offer a re/ource "alancing

capa"ility. Thi/ i/ accompanied "y /cheduling grid

jo"/ on proce//or/ 0ith lo0 utili!ation. An

in/tantaneou/ Nunplanned demand pea' can "e

handled "y routing 0or' re1ue/t to relati(ely ideal

proce//or in a grid. If the re/ource/ in the grid are

already fully utili!ed, the lo0e/t priority 0or' "eing

performed on the grid can "e temporarily /u/pended

to ma'e the 0ay for higher priority 0or'.

4implified management of IT re/ource/

Compared to the traditional en(ironment/, it may "e

ea/ier to manage a larger di/per/ed and logically

(irtuali!ed infra/tructure than a plethora ofLindigenou/ /y/tem/. Grid middle0are pro(ide/ a

uniform method to handle heterogeneou/ /y/tem.

I. D-AJ9ACK4 O7 G-ID CO8PTIG

"roprietary approach should be eliminated: eading

(endor/ =e#g. P, I98, and 8icro/oft> all /till approach

i//ue differently and incompati"ly. E2i/ting grid

computing /olution/ tend to "e limited to an indi(idual

(endor/ product/.

TA9E %5 ITE-ATIOA G-ID P-O:ECT4

&


5/7

"arochial focus should be eliminated: 7or e2ample,

I98/ grid computing platform i/ focu/ed primarily on

(irtuali!ing I98 hard0are and data "a/e/. ence if a

firm ha/ a fairly homogenou/ data center =e.g. mainly

u/e/ I98 4er(er/ and I98 data"a/e/> it could "enefit

from the grid computing /olution6 other0i/e it may not.

G-ID CO8PTIG

"erformance to be proven 4monitored: Grid computing

/y/tem/ need proper LpartitioningM =L!oningM>

mechani/m/ to en/ure that an application competing for

computer re/ource/ 0ill not degrade the other

application/ al/o loo'ing for re/ource/.

!G! .EP-O:ECT 7O- G-ID CO8PTIG

The EGEE project "ring/ together e2pert/ from more than H$

countrie/ 0ith the common aim of "uilding on recent

ad(ance/ in Grid technology and de(eloping a /er(ice Grid

infra/tructure 0hich i/ a(aila"le to /cienti/t/ # hour/aday.

The project pro(ide/ re/earcher/ in academia and "u/ine//

0ith acce// to a production le(el Grid infra/tructure,

independent of their geographic location. The EGEE project

al/o focu/e/ on attracting a 0ide range of ne0 u/er/ to the

Grid.

8ain focu/ of thi/ project i/5

To e2pand and optimi/e Europe/ large/t production

Grid infra/tructure, namely EGEE, "y continuou/ operation

of the infra/tructure, /upport for more u/er communitie/, and

addition of further computational and data re/ource/.

To prepare the migration of the e2i/ting production

European Grid from a project"a/ed model to a /u/taina"le

federated infra/tructure "a/ed on ational Grid Initiati(e/ for

multidi/ciplinary u/e.

$nfrastructure

um"er of /ite/ connected to the EGEE

infra/tructure5 #H&

um"er of countrie/ connected to the EGEE

infra/tructure5 H#

um"er of CP/ a(aila"le to u/er/ #N project "egan "y

0or'ing 0ith t0o /cientific group/ igh Energy Phy/ic/

=EP> and 9iomedicine. A/ it ha/ progre//ed into it/ /econd

pha/e it ha/ gro0n to /upport re/earch domain/ in area/ a/

di(er/e a/ multimedia, a/trophy/ic/, archaeology, and

computational chemi/try. -e/earcher/ form ?irtual

Organi/ation/ =?O/>, allo0ing them to colla"orate, to /hare

re/ource/, and to acce// common data/et/ (ia the EGEE Grid

infra/tructure.

"ame #egion $tart !nd

Open 8iddle0are

Infra/tructure In/titute Europe

=O8IIEurope>

Europe 8ay #$$* 8ay #$$

Ena"ling Grid/ for E/cience

=EGEE>Europe 8arch #$$ 8arch #$$*

Ena"ling Grid/ for E/cience

II=EGEE II>Europe April #$$* April #$$

D4cience =Di/tri"uted

cola"oratorie/ Infra/tructure on

Grid Ena"led Technology

4cience>

Europe and A/ia

and the Pacific

:anuary

#$$

Decem"er

#$$&

E/cience grid facility for

Europe and atin America

=EEA#>

Europe and atin

AmericaApril #$$ 8arch #$%$

EInfra/tructure /hared

"et0een Europe and atin

America =EEA>

Europe and atin

America

:anuary

#$$*

Decem"er

#$$

9u/ine// E2periment/ in G-ID

=9EinG-ID> Al/o /ee

Gridipedia

Europe :une #$$*o(em"er

#$$&

9-EI Europe4eptem"er

#$$*

Augu/t

#$$&

Kno0A-C Europe :une #$$*

Augu/t

#$$&

ordic Data Grid 7acility4candina(ia and

7inland:une #$$*

Decem"er

#$%$

DataTAG Europe andorth America

:anuary#$$%

:anuary#$$F

European DataGrid =EDG> Europe 8arch #$$% 8arch #$$

9alticGridEurope =9altic

4tate/>

o(em"er

#$$HApril #$$

E7O-IA =E 7u/ion fO-

Iter Application/>Europe

:anuary

#$$

Decem"er

#$%$

Jorld Community Grid Glo"alo(em"er

#$$un'no0n

treemO4 Europe :une #$$* :une #$%$

%$
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OMII-Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OMII-Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EGEEhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=EGEE_II&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=EGEE_II&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=EELA-2&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=EELA-2&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=EELA-2&action=edit&redlink=1http://www.gridipedia.eu/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KnowARChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordic_Data_Grid_Facilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baltic_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baltic_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EUFORIA_projecthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EUFORIA_projecthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OMII-Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OMII-Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EGEEhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=EGEE_II&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=EGEE_II&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=EELA-2&action=edit&redlink=1http://www.gridipedia.eu/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KnowARChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordic_Data_Grid_Facilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baltic_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baltic_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EUFORIA_projecthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EUFORIA_project


6/7

.igh 'nergy "hysics5 The EP community 0a/ one of the

t0o pilot u/er domain/ for EGEE and remain/ a major u/er of

the EGEE infra/tructure, pro(iding (ital input that allo0/

EGEE to en/ure it pro(ide/ a u/erorientated /er(ice. The

original EGEE EP community 0a/ formed from the

e2periment/ of the arge adron Collider =C>, currently

under con/truction at CE- =European Organi!ation for

!KG ()*+! )F -'C.+))G/,(ol. %, no.%

uclear -e/earch> near Gene(a, 40it!erland. The/e four

e2periment/, AICE, ATA4, C84, and C", are

e/timated to produce /ome %H peta"yte/ per year 0hen the

collider /tart/ up in #$$. The/e data 0ill "e managed and

proce//ed u/ing the EGEE infra/tructure.Other international

EP e2periment/ are al/o ma'ing u/e of the EGEE

infra/tructure, including 9a9ar =9 and 9"ar e2periment>,

CD7 =Collider Detector at 7ermila"> and DS e2periment/u/ing particle accelerator/ in the 4A, and the BE4 and %

e2periment/ u/ing the E-A collider at the DE4@ la"oratory

in Germany.

0iomedical !pplications: Application/ in the "iomedical field

ha(e "een included in the EGEE project from the out/et and

are no0 e2ploiting the infra/tructure in a /u/tained production

mode. The "iomedical community "enefit/ from the Grid "y

ena"ling remote colla"oration on /hared data/et/ a/ 0ell a/

carrying out high throughput calculation/. The application/

co(er the field/ of medical imaging, "ioinformatic/, and drugdi/co(ery, 0ith many indi(idual application/ deployed or

"eing ported to the EGEE infra/tructure. The EGEE

infra/tructure/ a"ility to perform the/e large, comple2 ta/'/

(alidate/ it/ u/e a/ a tool in the fight again/t di/ea/e/ /uch a/

malaria and a(ian flu.

!stronomy 5 !strophysics applications:The t0o major ?O/

in thi/ domain, Planc' and 8AGIC, /hare pro"lem/ of

computation in(ol(ing large/cale data ac1ui/ition,

/imulation, data /torage, and data retrie(al. The Planc'

/atellite of the European 4pace Agency =E4A> 0ill "e

launched in #$$ and aim/ to map the micro0a(e /'y 0ith an

unprecedented com"ination of /'y and fre1uency co(erage,

accuracy, /ta"ility and /en/iti(ity. The 8AGIC application

/imulate/ the "eha(iour of air /ho0er/ in the atmo/phere,

originated "y highenergy primary co/mic ray/. The/e

/imulation/ are needed to analy/e the data of the 8AGIC

tele/cope =located in the Canary I/land/> to /tudy the origin

and the propertie/ of highenergy gamma ray/.

'arth Science esearch: Earth 4cience co(er/ a large range of

topic/ related to the earth/ atmo/phere, ocean, cru/t, core and

their interface/ a/ 0ell a/ other planet/ atmo/phere/ and

core/. 7or in/tance, mem"er/ of the E4- ?irtual Organi/ation

ha(e 0or'ed on rapid earth1ua'e analy/i/, helping the

/cientific community "etter under/tand the/e de(a/tating

natural di/a/ter/.

Geophysics: The Geophy/ic/ domain i/ clo/ely related to the

Earth 4cience/ domain and /upport/ EGEODE =E2panding

Geo/cience/ on Demand>, EGEE/ fir/t indu/trial application,

initiated "y the pri(ate company CGG?erita/. It allo0/

academic re/earcher/ to u/e the company/ Geoclu/ter

/oft0are on the EGEE infra/tructure.

Fusion !pplications: The capa"ility of Grid/ for meeting the

need/ of the fu/ion community ha/ "een demon/trated.

4e(eral application/ are already running on the EGEE

infra/tructure5 ma//i(e ray tracing to e/timate the trajectory of

a micro0a(e "eam in pla/ma6 'inetic tran/port and

optimi/ation of /pecial magnetic confinement fu/ion de(ice/

=/tellerator/>.

Computational Chemistry !pplications: The initial and

primary u/er in computational chemi/try i/ the GE84 apriori

molecular /imulator. 4e(eral application/ ha(e already "een

ported to the Grid and ha(e "een run in production to

calculate o"/er(a"le/ for chemical reaction/, /imulate the

molecular dynamic/ of comple2 /y/tem/, and calculate the

electronic /tructure of molecule/, molecular aggregate/,

li1uid/ and /olid/. -ecent 0or' ha/ focu/ed on e2panding the

num"er of /oft0are pac'age/, "oth open/ource and

commercial, a(aila"le on the grid for chemi/t/. A nota"le

/ucce// 0a/ ma'ing the commercial Gau//ian /oft0are

pac'age a(aila"le (ia the LGau//ianM (irtual organi!ation.

Finance 5 3ultimedia applications: The/e t0o ne0e/t

application domain/ are ju/t /tarting out 0ith EGEE. The

multimedia domain i/ currently in te/ting through EGEE/

GIDA Grid te/t "ed. The financial application/ in(ol(e 0or'

0ith the A"du/ 4alam International Centre for Theoretical

%%


7/7

Phy/ic/, 0hich i/ implementing a national Italian Grid

infra/tructure for financial and economic re/earch.

I. -E7E-ECE4%U 9ro0ne, :.C. LGrid computing a/ applied di/tri"uted computation5 a

graduate /eminar on Internet and Grid computingM, Clu/ter Computingand the Grid, #$$. CCGrid #$$. IEEE Intl 4ympo/ium, %# April

#$$, pp #F& V #H.#U Ir(ing, 86 Taylor, G.6 o"/on and P.MPlug in to Grid ComputingM,

"ower and 'nergy 3agazine, IEEE, ?olume #, I//ue #, 8arApr #$$,

pp $ V .FU $- "rofessional LGrid computing %$%5 0hat/ all the fu// a"outW%,

?olume *, I//ue #, 8archApril #$$, pp #H V FF.

U Dai, @.4.6 ie, 8.6 and Poh, K.. L-elia"ility Analy/i/ of Grid

Computing 4y/tem/M Dependa"le Computing, #$$#. Proceeding/. #$$#

Pacific -im International 4ympo/ium, %*% Dec. #$$#, pp5 &< V %$.

HU A et0or'ing Approach to Grid Computing , pp %%$$, "y Daniel

8inoli, :ohn Jiley X 4on/.

Kavita Agrawal i/ an A//i/tantProfe//or in the Department of

Information Technology, Ajay Kumar

Garg Engineering College,

Gha!ia"ad. 4he recei(ed her 8.Tech=Computer 4cience> degree fromCDAC oida and 9.Tech degree from

IE-T Allaha"ad. 4he 0or'ed a/ a

trainee in 4T 8icroelectronic/ for *

month/. er area/ of intere/t are

-D984, 4oft0are Engineering,O"ject Oriented 4y/tem/ and

Operating 4y/tem/.

%#

2 kavita_grid computing_3 [9.1.10] pp6-10

Documents