24차 창조경제연구회 공개포럼
TRANSCRIPT
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Contents2015 24 4
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4 . . 1) 2) 3), , IBM (Open -source) . 4) 5) . 6) .
4 ()( ) , , . 4 . .
: 2016. 3. 29() 14:00~16:30 : KT 1 ( 100) : () : http://onoffmix.com/event/63139
14:00~14:05 (, )
14:05~14:35 ()
14:35~15:00 ()
15:00~15:25 4
15:25~16:10
() ()
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( ) (IBM)
16:10~16:25
16:25~16:30 /
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2016. 3. 29
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2016 24
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: 2016. 3. 29.
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1. 97
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3. 103
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5. 6 107
6. 113
. 117
1. (AI, Artificial Intelligence)? 119
2. 124
3. 131
. 145
1. 145
2. 167
. 171
1. O2O 171
2. 177
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. 6 182
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Executive Summary
1. 4
, , , IoT
(offline) (online) O2O(online 2 offline)
2.
,
3. O2O 50% 50$
,
4. ,
5.
,
6. 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)
6) 6
1) : BM
2) : M&A
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4) : 3.0
5) :
6) :
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GPU ,
3.0
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Governance ,
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,
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97
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1.
4
2016 4 O2O(Online 2 Offline)
(Cyber-Physical System)
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AI
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98
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, 2015 10 (Fan Hui) 5
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99
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,
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-
- 2015 11 9, TensorFlow
SaaS(Software as a Servies)
- IBM Watson Siri
SaaS IT
4
,
-
4
100
2.
O2O
,
?
1950 John McCarthy ,
- 1980 5 , Alvey
,
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Unit) , 2) , 3)
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4.
101
( )
,
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1950 ,
,
- (1958) 10 ,
- (1967)
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(Connectionism)
Back Propagation
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4
102
2010 GPU( )
, IoT
( )
(Neural Network)
- ,
(DNN, )
-
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RNN(Recurrent
Neural Network) ,
-
1980 2010 GPU IoT &
- 2009
SVM(Support Vector Machine)
- 10 3
15
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,
-
4.
103
3.
2015 TensorFlow , MS
-
,
, , ,
,
API
(Torch) DL , (NVIDIA)
(ML) (Big Sur)
(Open-source)
CNTK(Computation Network Toolkit)
DMTK(Distributed Machine learning Tool Kit) ,
IT
WARP-CTC
SW (CaffeOnSpark) 1,100
,
(Veles)
, , ,
, ,
-
4
104
, 42 , M
MS
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IT
,
M&A
, 4
,
-
2014
, (DeepFace)
, IBM, MS ,
- (Andrew Ng)
-
4.
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- 10
- 2015 (ILSVRC)
(7) 5 , 2015
5
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4.
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3.0
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106
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, ,
IoT
, (Online) (Offline)
,
, ,
1, 2
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Before Service
-
B2C ,
-
4.
107
(Unmet needs)
-
5. 6
,
4
, , ,
6
,
1) , 2) , 3) BM
, 4)
- Siri, Now, MS Cortana, M
, IBM Watson Developer Cloud
API
- , IBM 400
, 100
- MS
-
4
108
,
,
BM
- Nest 114
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,
, 3 1) , 2)
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Long Tail
1) , 2)
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, MS,
Business Domain
-
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, Business
Domain
-
4.
109
,
,
GitHub, Image-net, Statista, Google Public Data Explorer
, ,
, 3
- ,
MOOC
- 2
,
-
3
, (
)
- arXiv() ICLR
- SCI
1
-
4
110
- () ,
Challenge Shared Task
- Challenge Shared Task ,
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- 3.0 ,
-
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4.
111
Hogan Lovells
- ,
, ,
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Opt In Opt Out ,
2013 BSA
24 3 , 1
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4
112
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1 3
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Big Brother
- Big Brother ,
Governance
- Governance ,
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Block Chain
Governance
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1997 IBM (Deep Blue) 2011
IBM (Watson) (Jeopardy)
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4
118
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- 5
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CEO 5~10
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4.
119
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- 4
1. (AI, Artificial Intelligence)?
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4
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-
4.
123
John
McCarthy
(1955)
(The science and engineering of making intelligent machines)
Charniak &
McDermott
(1985)
(The study of mental faculties through the use of computational
models)
Kurzweil
(1990)
(The art of creating machines that perform functions requiring
intelligence when performed by people)
Rich &
Knight
(1991)
(The study of how to make computers do things at which,
at the moment, people are better)
Schalkof
(1991)
(A field of study that seeks to explain and emulate intelligent
behavior in terms of computational processes)
Luger &
Stubblefield
(1993)
(The branch of computer science that is concerned with the
automation of intelligent behavior)
Gartner
()
, ,
, ,
(Artificial intelligence is technology that appears to emulate
human performance typically by learning, coming to its own
conclusions, appearing to understand complex content, engaging
in natural dialogs with people, enhancing human cognitive
performance(also known as cognitive computing) or replacing
people on execution of non-routine tasks)
- ETRI
[]
-
4
124
Technavio
(2014)
( )
(A smart machine is a machine that is embedded with cognitive
computing ability, which uses artificial intelligence and machine
learning algorithms to sense, learn, reason, and interact with
people in different ways)
BCC
Research
(2014)
(Smart machines are hardware or software systems that can
accomplish their designate task even under conditions of
uncertainty and variability)
NIA , ,
: ETRI(2015),
2.
2010 ,
-
,
- ,
, ,
,
1950
-
4.
125
-
-
[]
: IDC&EMC, 2011,
- 1) , GPU(Graphic Processing Unit) , 2)
, 3)
- GPU( )
, NVIDIA
- GPU(Graphic CPU) Cuda
- 2015 12 Big Sur
-
4
126
, Caffe, Torch
- , MS DMTK
- ,
-
- IoT IoB (Edge)
-
- 2009 ( 2.0)
-
4.
127
[] 3
- (Perception)
(Cognition) (Manipulation)
- ,
-
-
-
[]
-
4
128
- ,
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,
1956 , , ,
-
- 1970 ,
- 10 ,
1997 IBM
- 8 ,
,
5 , (Alvey)
,
- IBM
-
4.
129
[]
: http://www.nickgillian.com/wiki/pmwiki/php/GRT/GettingStarted
(Connectionism)
Back Propagation
- 1958 (Peceptron)
- 1969
-
, (Node)
,
- ,
-
(Neural Network)
-
(DNN, )
-
4
130
-
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, ,
-
[]
- Back Propagation
-
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4.
131
CNN(Convolutional Network)
RNN(Recurrent
Neural Network) ,
-
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, (Convolution
Weighted sum )
3.
[]
: (2015),
2004 (CIFAR) 50
(NCAP)
, , , , ,
-
4
132
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-
- , , ,
(Low-level feature)
- , , ,
- (Deep Neural Networks)
-
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,
- 2006 Hinton
CNN(Convolutional Neural Networks)
- ,
- 2009
SVM(Support Vector Machine)
- 10 3
15
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4 , , ,
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-
4.
133
M&A
,
2016
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-
[]
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4
134
[]
LUNIT (KOHEA)
- 2
[]
-
4.
135
(Cognitive
computing)
-
(Machine learning)
()
/
-
(Deep learning)
-
(Predictive application
programming interfaces)
API
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(Natural language
processing)
-
Policy Net Value Net 2016 1
(nature)
[]
: (2016), AI is Here( )
[]
-
4
136
IT SW , ,
- IBM: Watson
- GE: Predix
- ETRI:
, - Aircure: IPAA-compliant
,
,
- Mansanto: Climate
Insurance
SW
,
- Verdande Tech:
DrillEdge
, ,
- TESLA, Audi, GM,
- MOBILEYE: ADAS
- Apple, Google
,
,
- ABB: FRIDA
- KUKA: LWR
- Rethink Robotics: Baxter
O2O
- Sailthru: Delivers A 360
, ,
- Lending Club
- Bloomberg: Trade book
,
- Lex Machina: Legal
Analytics
- Kira: Quick Study
(Image
recognition)
-
(Speech recognition)
(
)
: Tractica(2015), ETRI (2015)
[]
-
4.
137
- Coursera: MOOC
- KNEWTON
- SmartZip
- ROCKET FUEL
- DSTILLERY
Topology
- NEC
- Qualcomm
: , ETRI (2015)2)
3)
[]
(Neural networks),
(Gaussian mixture model), CRF(Conditional Random Field),
(Hidden Markov model), (Boltzmann machine), SVM
2000
2) (2015), , 3) (2016)
-
4
138
- ,
- CNN
,
-
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4.
139
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4)
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propagation Algorithm), (Gradient-based)
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(Desired output) E
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E(W)
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,
(CNN, Convolutional Neural
Networks)
Convolution
4) (2015) Deep learning and medical application
-
4
140
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- , 2
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Max-pooling
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(RNN)
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4.
141
LSTM(Long Short-Term
Memory)
- LSTM
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[] LSTM
LSTM LSTM
LSTM , ,
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CNN 2 ,
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NIN(Network-In-Network), (SPP, Spatial Pyramid Pooling)
, (Inception)
-
4
142
- Max-out ,
SPP CNN
- CNN
-
- GoogLeNet 22
( ) LeCun LeNet
-
-
(Regularization techniques)
2012 Hinton Dropout
-
,
- Bengio (Curriculum learning)
- ,
-
( ) CNN , CNN
-
4.
143
-
-
- CNN (Feed-forward) ,
,
- CNN
,
CNN DBN(CDBN,
Convolutional Deep Belief Networks), (Deconvolutional
Networks)
- CNN
-
(CNN ) CNN
,
- CNN CNN
- Farabet CNN
- CNN
- (Super-pixel) ,
- (Multi-level cut)
CNN
R-CNN(Regions with CNN feature)
-
4
144
-
CNN
- R-CNN CNN
-
4.
145
.
1.
(1) AI
AI
2015
- 2015 11 9, IT Google TensorFlow
- TensorFlow ,
- IT
-
- Eric Schmidt TensorFlow
-
- AI
-
4
146
AI
-
- Greg Corrado
- ,
- ML(Machine Learning) - DL(Deep Learning)
- / , / , /
, /
2015 11 10, (The Magic in the
Machine) , (http://
tensorflow.org/)
- TensorFlow ,
API 2.0 5)
- 2.0
, ,
- , , , , ,
, ,
5) . (http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/license-list.html)
-
4.
147
: DNN(Deep Neural Network)
.
99.9% .
23% 8% .
. GPS
. ,
, ,
(Inceptionism) ,
. 2015 6 18
6)
2015 12 2
(Cloud Vision) API 7)
- ,
API , ,
- API
(Torch) DL
- 2015 1 16 (Torch, http://torch.ch/)
6) Google - Inceptionism: Going deeper into Neural Networks(18. Jun. 2015) https://photos.google.com/share/AF1QipPX0SCl7OzWilt9LnuQliattX4OUCj_8EP65_cTVnBmS1jnYgsGQAieQUc1VQWdgQ?key=aVBxWjhwSzg2RjJWLWRuVFBBZEN1d205bUdEMnhB
7) Google Cloud Vision API changes the way applications understand images(2. Dec. 2015), http://googlecloudplatform.blogspot.kr/2015/12/Google-Cloud-Vision-API-changes-the-way-applications-understand-images.html
-
4
148
(Deep learning) 8)
- FAIR ,
, ,
(CNN, Convolutional Neural Network, ConvNet)
- , /, , , NVIDA, AMD
- ConvNets (NLP)
(GPU) 9)
(FAIR) (NVIDIA) (ML)
(Open-source)
, (Neural networks) (Training)
, (Big Sur) 10)
- (AI) (Open Rack)
-
(OCP, Open
Compute Project)
- (Kevin Lee) (Serkan Piantino)
, OCP
- OCP ,
OCP (Free-air cooled)
(HPC)
- GPU M40 (NVIDIAs Tesla Accelerated
8) Venturebeat - Facebook open sources its cutting-edge deep learning tools(16. Jan. 2015), http://venturebeat.com/2015/01/16/facebook-opens-up-about-more-of-its-cutting-edge-deep-learning-tools/
9) (http://arxiv.org/abs/1412.7580)10) Facebook to open-source AI hardware design(10. Dec. 2015),
https://code.facebook.com/posts/1687861518126048/facebook-to-open-source-ai-hardware-design
-
4.
149
Computing Platform) 2015 11 ,
- M40 (DNN) ,
2
-
- AI , , ,
2015 11 12 CNTK(Computation Network
Toolkit) DMTK(Distributed Machine learning Tool Kit)
- CNTK (Cortana) Skype
- CNTK (Directed
graph) , , ,
MS 2015 4~5 Build 2015 ,
11) API
- (Vision) (Thumbnails)
API, (Face) API,
(Emotion) API
- (Speech) API ,
(Bing) (Cortana) , (Language)
(Spell) API
(LUIS, Language Understanding Intelligent Service) API
- API ,
- API
11) Oxford, http://www.projectoxford.ai/
-
4
150
- API ,
, , ,
- API
- ,
LUIS
- 2015 11 11 8
12)
- /(Neutral), (Contempt), (Disgust), (Fear), (Happiness),
(Sadness), (Anger), (Surprise) 8
- MS
,
[] MS API
IT
WARP-CTC
- WARP-CTC
- WARP-CTC Deep Speech2 ,
12) https://www.projectoxford.ai/emotion
-
4.
151
Deep Speech2
(Veles)
-
- (Open)CL GPU
C
GPGPU NVIDA-(CUDA)
SW (CaffeOnSpark) 1,100
-
, 2.0
- ,
1,100 , 13.5TB, 1.5TB13)
(2)
(CTO) (Mike Schroepfer)
(AI) 2015 11 14)
- (FAIR, Facebooks AI Research)
15)
13) URL: http://webscope.sandbox.yahoo.com14) Facebook - New Milestones in Artificial Intelligence Research By Mike Schroepfer, Chief
Technology Officer(03. Nov. 2015), https://research.facebook.com http://newsroom.fb.com/news/2015/11/new-milestones-in-artificial-intelligence-research/
Recode - Facebook Folds Facial Recognition Technology Into Messenger(09 Nov 2015), http://recode.net/2015/11/09/facebook-folds-facial-recognition-technology-into-messenger/
15) https://research.facebook.com/ai
-
4
152
-
- (Predict) (Plan)
M
(Object detection)
2015 12 12 FAIR NIPS(Neural Information Processing Systems)
(Reasoning), (Attention), (Memory) (RAM)
16)
- 10
30% , ML-DL
(Natural language understanding meets image
recognition)
2015 3 F8 2015
17), (MemNets, Memory Networks)
,
16) Facebook Research - Reasoning, Attention, Memory(RAM), NIPS Workshop 2015, https://research.facebook.com/pages/764602597000662/reasoning-attention-memory-ram-nips-workshop-2015/
17) Facebook - F8 2015: Updates on Connectivity Lab, Facebook AI Research and Oculus(26. Mar. 2015), http://newsroom.fb.com/news/2015/03/f8-day-two-2015/
-
4.
153
[] MS API
VQA(Visual Q&A) ,
, VQA
,
ML-DL
- ,
- : ? / VQA:
- : ? / VQA: .
- : ?/ VQA: .
[] MS API18)
-
4
154
- 2015 11
19)
- ,
,
-
,
-
(Predictive Learning)
( , Unsupervised
Predicting Learning)
FAIR ()
- ,
- FAIR ,
90%
18) Facebook Demo - Visual Question and Answering Demo(03. Nov. 2015), https://www.facebook.com/Engineering/videos/10153621574817200/
19) Recode - Facebook Folds Facial Recognition Technology Into Messenger(09. Nov. 2015), http://recode.net/2015/11/09/facebook-folds-facial-recognition-technology-into-messenger/
-
4.
155
[] FAIR 20)
M
ML-DL M
- M ,
, 21)
- AI (wit.ai) (Alexandre
Lebrun) M .
.
,
22)
- MS
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