USE OF ANTIBACTERIALS IN POULTRY AND IT’S LIMITATIONSPÉÆý GvÁàzÀ£ÉAiÀÄ°è ¸ÀÆPÁëöätÄ ¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀUÀ¼À ¸ÀzÀã¼ÀPÉ ºÁUÀÄ

CzÀgÀ Ew-«ÄwUÀ¼ÀÄ

¥ÀæPÁ±ï £ÀqÀÆgï JA.«.J¹ì., ¦.ºÉZï.r¥ÀæPÁ±ï £ÀqÀÆgï JA.«.J¹ì., ¦.ºÉZï.r

¥ÁæzsÁå¥ÀPÀgÀÄ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ªÀÄÄRå¸ÀÛgÀÄ

¥À±ÀÄ ªÉÊzÀåQÃAiÀÄ OµÀzsÀ ±Á¸ÀÛç ªÀÄvÀÄÛ «µÀ ±Á¸ÀÛç « sÁUÀ

PÉ«JJ¥sóïJ¸ïAiÀÄÄ, ¥À±ÀÄ ªÉÊzÀåQÃAiÀÄ

ªÀĺÁ«zÁå®AiÀÄ ²ªÀªÉÆUÀÎ

pnadoor@rediffmail.com

PÉÆý GvÁàzÀ£É: 2020 (FAO)

¨ÉÃrPÉAiÀÄ ªÀÄÄAzÀĪÀjPÉUÀ¼ÀÄ

sÁgÀvÀ

ªÀµÀð: 1993 ªÀÄÄAzÀĪÀjPÉAiÀÄ

ªÀµÀð: 2020C©üªÀÈü¢ÝAiÀÄ zÀgÀ %

[Growth rate] ªÀµÀð: 1993 -2020

PÉÆý ªÀiÁA¸À [«ÄðAiÀÄ£ï l£ï] 0.25 1.23 6.47

ªÉÆmÉÖ [©°AiÀÄ£ï] 9.30 79.10 8.48

eÁ£ÀĪÁgÀÄ[JªÉÄä,zÀ£À] ªÀiÁA¸À

[«ÄðAiÀÄ£ï l£ï]

0.49 1.45 4.41

19902015PARAMETER YAER 1990 YEAR 2015

Broiler parents housed (cr) 0.7 3.5Broilers/month (crore) 5 25

Broiler feed price (Rs/kg) 20 30Chicken per head (kg) 0.4 2.5

Broiler price/kg live (Rs) 25 65Broiler integration 0% 60%Broiler integration 0% 60%

Broiler FCR 2.2 1.65Days to slaughter (2 kg) 48 38

Multi-age group farms 90% 10%Chicken processing 1% 7%

Antibiotics issue Nil 50%

¸ÀÆPÁëöätÄ

¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀUÀ¼ÀÄ

E®è 50%

®¨sÀå«gÀĪÀ ¸ÀÆPÁëöätÄ ¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀUÀ¼ÀÄ

– ¸À¯Áá£ÁªÉÄÊqïì

– £ÉÊmÉÆæ¥ÀÇgÁeÉÆ£ïì *

– ¥É¤ì°£ïì

– ¸ÉÃ¥sÁ¯ÉÆøÉÆàÃj£ïì

– mÉmÁæ¸ÉÊQèãïì

– CªÉÄÊì£ÉÆÃUÉèöÊPÉÆøÉÊqïì

¤ªÀÄä DAiÉÄÌ ºÉÃVgÀ¨ÉÃPÀÄ

?– CªÉÄÊì£ÉÆÃUÉèöÊPÉÆøÉÊqïì

– PÉÆèÃgÁA¦üí¤PÁ¯ï*– ªÀiÁåPÉÆæðqïì

– ¥ÉÇèÃgÉƪÀÄÄn°Ã£ïì

– DAiÀiÁ£ÉÆÃ¥sÉǸïð

– ¥sÉÇèÃgÉÆÃQé£Á¯ÉÆ£ïì s

– ¸ÉÖçÖ¥sÉÇÖÃUÁæ÷å«Ä£ïì

– E¤ßvÀgÉ

?

fêÁtÄ ¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀUÀ¼À OµÀzsÀ ¸ÀÆa§gÀºÀzÀ ¤AiÀĪÀÄUÀ¼ÀÄ

FARM to PLATE CONCEPT

vÁvÁÌ°PÀªÁV PÁ¬Ä¯É ¥ÀvÉÛ ºÀZÀÄѪÀÅzÀÄ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ

OµÀzsÀ ¸ÀÆa§gÀºÀ (?)

fêÁtÄ ¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀUÀ¼À ¸ÀÆPÀë÷ävÉAiÀÄ ¥ÀjÃPÉë (?)

¨ÉÃPÁVgÀĪÀ OµÀ¢ü ¸ÀÆwæPÀgÀtzÀ ®¨sÀåvÉ (?) ¨ÉÃPÁVgÀĪÀ OµÀ¢ü ¸ÀÆwæPÀgÀtzÀ ®¨sÀåvÉ (?)

¸ÀtÚ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ M¥ÉÇàwÛ£À PÉÆý ¸ÁPÁtÂPÉzÁgÀgÀ°è

OµÀzsÉÆÃ¥ÀZÀgÀzÀ §UÉÎ EgÀĪÀ vÁAwæPÀ

w¼ÀĪÀ½PÉ/CjªÀÅ.(?)

ªÀåªÀjPÀªÁV OµÀ¢üAiÀÄÄ ¥ÀæAiÉÆÃd¤ÃAiÀĪÉà (?)

¥ÀæZÀ°vÀ ¸ÀªÀĸÉåUÀ¼ÀÄ

• CAn§AiÉÆÃnPï gɹ¸ÀÖ£Àì (Antibiotic resistance)

• CAn§AiÉÆÃnPï ±ÉõÁA±À (Antibiotic residue)

• ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖ – CqÀØ¥ÀjuÁªÀÄ (Impact on Trade)

• ¸ÁªÀðd¤PÀ DgÉÆÃUÀå (Impact on public health)

PK-PD integration of enrofloxacin (per os) based on observed or hypothetical MIC values

Parameter Observed MIC

(μg.ml-1)

Hypothetical

MIC (μg.ml-1)

Ratio

(Mean +SE)

Inference

CMax./ MIC E. coli (0119) : 0.125 - 8.40 + 0.34 Satisfactory S. typhimurium: 0.125 -

- 0.01 104.50 + 4.95 Good

- 0.10 10.52 + 0.42 Satisfactory - 0.25 4.20 + 0.17 Not effective - 0.50 2.10 + 0.08 Not effective - 0.50 2.10 + 0.08 Not effective

Breakpoint > 8.0AUC(0-24h)/ MIC

E. coli (0119) : 0.125 -30.48 +4.98 Moderate

S. typhimurium:0.125 -- 0.01 381.0 + 62.2 Good - 0.10 38.10 + 6.22 Moderate

- 0.25 15.24 + 2.49 Not effective - 0.50 7.62 + 1.24 Not effective

Breakpoint > 100

(Prakash et. al., 2016, KVAFSU project)

CAn§AiÉÆÃnPï gɹ¸ÀÖ£Àì (Antibiotic resistance)

Tissue levels (ppb) of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin after the withdrawal of enrofloxacin administration (10mg.kg-1 x 5days; per os) in broiler chickens

Time(hr.)

Breast muscle Liver Kidney

ENRO CIPRO ENRO CIPRO ENRO CIPRO 24 126+ 8.48a 73.0+ 7.07a 445 + 21.2a 515+ 8.48a 316.5+ 9.19a 414.0+ 22.62a

48 30.5+ 2.12b 29.0+ 4.24b 82.0+ 5.65b 161.5+ 4.95b 165.5+ 6.36b 181.5+ 4.94b

72 1.60+ 0.84c 0.71+ 0.01c 10.0+ 2.82c 19.0+ 4.24c 10.75+ 3.89c 4.05+ 0.21c

96 N.D N.D N.D 0.36+ 0.08d N.D 0.22+ 0.02d

Note: a. ENRO=Enrofloxacin; CIPRO= Ciprofloxacin; b. LOD: 0.01ug.ml-1 ; LOQ: 0.033 ug.ml-1

c.Values expressed as Mean+SE and d. ND= Not detected;c.Values expressed as Mean+SE and d. ND= Not detected;Values in the same column (mean±SE) bearing different superscripts vary significantly (P<0.05) in student’s‘t’ test

Comparison of total residue levels with prescribed MRLs

Tissue ECI

(GOI)

EEC US-FDA Total Residues

(PPB)PPB PPB PPB Day 2 Day 3

Muscle 100 100 100 70 (< MRL) (64.50+ 0.70) <MRL

Liver 200 200 300 250 (>MRL) (243.5+ 10.56) <MRL

Kidney 300 300 400 350 (>MRL) (347.0+ 1.41) <MRL

Note: Total residues = Sum of Enrofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin residues in poultry meat

(Prakash et. al., 2016, KVAFSU project)

CAn§AiÉÆÃnPï£À Ew-«ÄwUÀ¼ÀÄ

Limitations of Antibiotics

• ¨ÉÃgÉ OµÀ¢üUÀ¼À ZÀ®£ÁªÀåªÀ¸ÉÛAiÀÄ°è ªÀåvÁå¸À

(Impact on other drug metabolism)

• ¥Àj¸ÀgÀzÀ E¤ßvÀgÀ ¥ÁætÂUÀ½UÉ UÀAqÁAvÀgÀ

(Risk of disease outbreak in other animal farms)(

• ªÉÊgÁtÄ gÉÆÃUÀUÀ¼À°è CAn§AiÉÆÃnPïUÀ¼À ¥ÉÆïÁUÀÄ«PÉ

(Undue wastage of Antibitics during viral diseases)

• gÉÆÃUÀ ¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀ ±ÀQÛAiÀÄ°è PÀÄApvÀ

(Immuno deficiency)

• ¨É¼ÀªÀtÂUÉAiÀÄ°è PÀÄApvÀ

(Impact on growth)

£ÁåAiÀħzÀÞ OµÀzsÀ ¸ÀÆa§gÀºÀ JAzÀgÉà K£ÀÄ?

What is Judicious Prescription?

PÉÆý OµÀzsÉÆÃ¥ÀZÀgÀzÀ ¸ÀªÀð¸ÁªÀiÁ£Àå vÀvÀéUÀ¼ÀÄ

Principals of medication in Poultry

1. ªÀÄÄAavÀªÁV E®èªÉà vÀqÀªÁV C£ÁgÉÆÃUÀåzÀ ¥ÀvÉÛ ?

2. ¸ÀàµÀÖvÉ CxÁªÀ C¸ÀàµÀÖvÉAiÀÄ wêÀæ vÉgÀ£ÁzÀ ¸ÉÆÃAPÀÄ?

3. ¥ÁæxÀ«PÀªÁV AiÀiÁªÀ CAUÁUÀ ªÀÄÄPÁÌVzÉ.?

4. ®¹PÉ ºÁQgÀĪÀ CxÀªÁ ®¹PɺÁQgÀzÀ PÉÆýUÀ¼À UÀÄA¥ÀÅ ?

?5. PÀgÀĽ£À°è CAUÁ±À PÉƼÉvÀ, E®èèªÉà gÀPÀÛzÀ°è £ÀAdÄ?

6. ¤ÃgÀÄ CxÀªÁ ªÉÄë£À°è OµÀzsÉÆÃ¥ÀZÀgÀ?

7. ªÉÆmÉÖ CxÀªÁ ªÀiÁA¸ÀzÀ PÉÆýUÀ¼ÀÄ ?

8. PÉÆý ªÉÄë£À°è fêÁtÄ ¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ¸ÉÃj¹zÁÝgÉAiÉÄÃ?

9. PÉÆý ªÉÄë£ÉÆA¢UÉ PÁQìÃrAiÀiÁ ¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀ OµÀ¢ü?

10. vÀ¯ÉaÃn ºÉÆA¢®èzÀ [Extra-label] OµÀ¢üAiÀÄ G¥ÀAiÉÆÃUÀªÀÅ

C¤ªÁAiÀÄðªÉÃ?

zÉúÀzÀ°è OµÀ¢ü ZÀ®£ÉAiÀÄ QÃgÀÄ £ÉÆÃl

OµÉÆzsÀ¥ÀZÁgÀü

»ÃjPÉƼÀÄîªÀÅzÀÄ ▼ «AUÀqÀ£ÉAiÀiÁUÀĪÀÅzÀÄ

▼gÀPÀÛ ¥ÀjZÀ®£ÉAiÀÄ°è OµÀ¢üAiÀÄ ¥ÀæªÀiÁt

▼▼CAUÁUÀ zÀ°è «AUÀqÀ£É

▼¥ÀjªÀvÀð£É ▼ «¸Àdð£É

▼

OµÀ¢ü PÁAiÀÄ𠤪Àð»¸ÀĪÀ ¸ÀܼÀzÀ°è OµÀ¢üAiÀÄ ¥ÀæªÀiÁt

▼

OµÉÆzsÀ¥ÀZÁgÀüPÉÌ ¥ÀæwQæAiÉÄ CqÀØ¥ÀjuÁªÀÄü CAUÁ±À zÀ°è G½PÉ

¸ÀÆPÁëätÄ ¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀUÀ¼À ¸ÀzÀã¼ÀPÉ

(Judicious use of antibcterials)

¥sÉÇæÃ¥ÉʯÁåQÖÃPï OµÀ¢üUÀ¼ÀÄ (Prophylactic Use)

PÉÆýUÀ¼À°è gÉÆÃUÀ PÁt ÀĪÀ ªÉÆzÀ¯ÉÃ, gÉÆÃUÀ vÀqÉUÀlÄÖ«PÉ

G¥ÀAiÉÆÃV¸ÀĪÀ OµÀ¢üUÀ¼ÀÄ GzÁ: [Chlortetracycline]

xÉÃgÁ¥ÀÇånPï OµÀ¢üUÀ¼ÀÄ (Therapeutic Use)PÉÆýUÀ¼À°è gÉÆÃUÀ PÁt¹zÀ £ÀAvÀgÀ aQvÉìUÁV G¥ÀAiÉÆÃV¸ÀĪÀ OµÀ¢üUÀ¼ÀÄ

GzÁ: DåA¦ü¹°£ï [Ampicillin]

ªÉÄÃmÁ¦ü¯ÁåQìøïì OµÀ¢üUÀ¼ÀÄ (Metaphylactic Use) MAzÀÄ PÉÆý

ªÀÄAzÉAiÀÄ°è gÉÆÃUÀ PÁt¹PÉÆAqÀØ°è, gÉÆÃUÀ E®èzÉìÄgÀĪÀ PÉÆý ªÀÄAzÉUÉ

ªÀÄÄAeÁUÀævɬÄAzÁ G¥ÀAiÉÆÃV¸ÀĪÀ OµÀ¢üUÀ¼ÀÄ.

GzÁ: mÉʯÉÆù£ï[ Tylosine]

±ÀÄzÀÞ gÀ¸ÁAiÀĤPÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß (Pure chemicals)G¥ÀAiÉÆÃV¸À¨ÁgÀzÀÄ.

AiÀiÁªÀÅzÉà PÁgÀtPÀÆÌ F vÉgÀ£ÁzÀ gÀ¸ÁAiÀĤPÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß

aQvÉìUÁV E®èªÉà gÉÆÃUÀ vÀqÉUÀlÖ®Ä G¥ÀAiÉÆÃV¸À¨ÁgÀzÀÄ.

EzÀÄ OµÀ¢ü ºÉÆA¢gÀĪÀ, ªÉí»PÀ¯ï, KQìæAiÀiÁAmï,

DqÉùªï UÀ¼À£ÀÄß ºÉÆA¢gÀĪÀÅ¢®è.

±ÀÄzÀÞ gÀ¸ÁAiÀĤPÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß OµÀ¢üAiÀiÁV

G¥ÀAiÉÆÃV¸ÀĪÀÅzÀjAzÀ PÉÆýUÀ¼À DgÉÆÃUÀåzÀ ªÉÄïÉ

¥ÀjuÁªÀĪÀ£ÀÄß ©ÃgÀÄvÀÛªÉ, ºÁUÀÆ CAUÁ±À ²®ÄÌ ºÉZÀÄѪÀ

¸ÁzsÀåvÉAiÀÄÄ ºÉaÑgÀÄvÀÛzÉ.

ºÁUÁV AiÀiÁªÁUÀ®Æ DAiÀiï.¦.,[I.P] AiÀÄÄ.J¸ï.¦[U.S.P]ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ©.¦ [B.P] UÉæÃqï OµÀ¢üUÀ¼À£Éßà G¥ÀAiÉÆÃV¸À¨ÉÃPÀÄ.

PÉÆýUÀ¼À°è OµÀ¢üUÀ¼À ¸ÀzÀã¼ÀPÉ ºÉÃUÉ?

1. OµÀ¢üUÀ¼À£ÀÄß «ªÉÃZÀ£É¬Ä®èzÉà (Indiscriminate) §¼À¸ÀPÀÆqÀzÀÄ

2. DåAn §AiÉÆÃnPï UÀ¼À£ÀÄß ¤UÀ¢üvÀ ¥ÀæªÀiÁtQÌAvÀ, PÀrªÉÄ ¥ÀæªÀiÁtzÀ°è

¥ÉÇæçAiÉÆÃnPï UÀ¼ÁV E®èªÉà ¥ÉÇæÃ¥ÉʯÁåQÖÃPï UÀ¼ÁV §¼À¸ÀPÀÆqÀzÀÄ

3. ¤UÀ¢ü¥Àr¹zÀ ¥ÀæªÀiÁtQÌAvÀ PÀrªÉÄ/ ºÉZÀÄÑ ¥ÀæªÀiÁtzÀ°è OµÀ¢ü PÉÆqÀ¨ÁgÀzÀÄ3. ¤UÀ¢ü¥Àr¹zÀ ¥ÀæªÀiÁtQÌAvÀ PÀrªÉÄ/ ºÉZÀÄÑ ¥ÀæªÀiÁtzÀ°è OµÀ¢ü PÉÆqÀ¨ÁgÀzÀÄ

4. ªÀiÁA¸ÀzÀ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ªÉÆmÉÖ PÉÆýUÀ½UÉ ¤UÀ¢ü¥Àr¹zÀ OµÀ¢üUÀ¼À£ÀÄß CzÀ®Ä

§zÀ¯ÁV¸À¨ÉÃr

5. ªÉÊeÁ¤PÀ ªÀiÁ»w ºÉÆAzÀzÉÃ, ¥ÀzÉà ¥ÀzÉà OµÀ¢üAiÀÄ£ÀÄß §zÀ¯Á¬Ä¸ÀPÀÆqÀzÀÄ

6. eÁ£ÀĪÁgÀÄUÀ½UÉ «Ä¸À°ÃlÖ OµÀzsÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß PÉÆýUÀ¼À°è G¥ÀAiÉÆÃV¸ÀPÀÆqÀzÀÄ

PÁ¯Á²ævÀ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ¥ÀæªÀiÁuÁ²ævÀ fêÁtÄ ¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀUÀ¼À DAiÉÄÌ

PÁ¯Á²ævÀ fêÁtÄ ¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀUÀ¼ÀÄ

Need to maintain constant MIC ¥É¤ì°£ïì

¸ÉÃ¥sÁ¯ÉÆøÉÆàÃj£ïì

ªÀiÁåPÉÆæðqïì(mÉʯÉÆù£ï)

¥ÀæªÀiÁuÁ²ævÀ fêÁtÄ ¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀUÀ¼ÀÄ

Possess post-antibiotic effect CªÉÄÊ£ÉÆÃUÉèöÊPÉÆøÉÊqïì

¥ÉÇèÃgÉÆÃQé£Á¯ÉÆãïì

mÉÃmÁæ¸ÉÊQèãïì

£ÉÊmÉÆæëÄqÁeÉÆïïì

¥ÉÇèÃgÉÆêÀÄÄn°£ïì (mÁAiÀĪÀÄÄ°£ïì)

¸ÉÃ¥sÁªÉÄʹ£ïì

¨ÁåQÖÃjAiÀiÁ ¨É¼ÀªÀtÂUÉ ¤ªÁgÀPÀUÀ¼ÀÄ vs ¨ÁåQÖÃjAiÀiÁ£Á±ÀPÀUÀ¼ÀÄ?

¨ÁåQÖÃjAiÀiÁ ¨É¼ÀªÀtÂUÉ ¤ªÁgÀPÀ UÀ¼ÀÄ ¨ÁåQÖÃjAiÀiÁ £Á±ÀPÀUÀ¼ÀÄ

¥ÉÇèÃgÉÆêÀÄÄn°£ïì

(mÁAiÀĪÀÄÄ°£ïì)

¥ÉÇèÃgÉÆÃQé£Á¯ÉÆãïì

ªÀiÁåPÉÆæðqïì(mÉʯÉÆù£ï) CªÉÄÊ£ÉÆÃUÉèöÊPÉÆøÉÊqïì

°APÉÆøÀªÉÄÊqïì ¥É¤ì°£ïì°APÉÆøÀªÉÄÊqïì ¥É¤ì°£ïì

mÉÃmÁæ¸ÉÊQèãïì ¸ÉÃ¥sÁ¯ÉÆøÉÆàÃj£ïì

£ÉÊmÉÆæÃ¥ÉÇÃgÁeÉÆãïì ¸À¯Áá£ÀªÉÄÊqï+mÉæöÊ«ÄxÉƦæªÀiï

¸ÀÆPÁë÷ätÄ ¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß MUÀÆÎr¹ G¥ÀAiÉÆÃV¹ªÀÅzÀÄ

MUÀÆÎr¸ÀÄ«PÉ ¥ÀjuÁªÀÄ UÀªÀĤ¹/µÀgÁ

¨ÁåQÖÃjAiÀiÁ ¨É¼ÀªÀtÂUÉ ¤ªÁgÀPÀ Û[PÉÆý DºÁgÀzÀ°è]

+ ¨ÁåQÖÃjAiÀiÁ£Á±ÀPÀUÀ¼ÀÄ [aQvÉìUÁV;During GI-infection]vÀ¢égÀÄzÀÝ zÀÆgÀ«j¹

¨ÁåQÖÃjAiÀiÁ£Á±ÀPÀUÀ¼ÀÄ[ZÀÄZÀÄѪÀÄzÀÄÝUÀ¼ÀÄ]+ ¨ÁåQÖÃjAiÀiÁ

¨É¼ÀªÀtÂUÉ ¤ªÁgÀPÀ [PÉÆý ¤ÃgÀÄ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ DºÁgÀzÀ°]

vÀ¢égÀÄzÀÝ zÀÆgÀ«j¹

¥É¤ì°£ïì(Old generation )+¸ÉÃ¥sÁ¯ÉÆøÉÆàÃj£ïì I/ ¥ÀæwgÉÆzsÀ±ÀQÛ zÀÆgÀ«j¹¥É¤ì°£ïì(Old generation )+¸ÉÃ¥sÁ¯ÉÆøÉÆàÃj£ïì I/

IIgen.

¥ÀæwgÉÆzsÀ±ÀQÛ

zÀªÀÄ£À

zÀÆgÀ«j¹

©ÃmÁ ¯ÁåPÁÖªÀiïì + Qé£Á¯ÉÆãïì ¸ÀAAiÉÆÃfvÀ GvÀÛªÀÄ/ AiÉÆÃUÀå

CªÉÄÊ£ÉÆÃUÉèöÊPÉÆøÉÊqïì + Qé£Á¯ÉÆãïì ¸ÀAAiÉÆÃfvÀ GvÀÛªÀÄ/ AiÉÆÃUÀå , DzÀgÉÃ

eÁUÀgÀÆPÀvɬÄAzÀ §¼À¸À¨ÉÃPÀÄ

£ÉÊmÉÆæÃ¥ÉÇÃgÁeÉÆãïì * + Qé£Á¯ÉÆãïì vÀ¢égÀÄzÀÝ zÀÆgÀ«j¹

PÉÆèÃgÁA¦ü¤PÁ¯ï* + ªÀiÁåPÉÆæðqïì GzÁ: mÉʯÉÆù£ï vÀ¢égÀÄzÀÝ ¸ÀvÀvÀ zÀÆgÀ«j¹

CªÉÄÊ£ÉÆÃUÉèöÊPÉÆøÉÊqï + PÉÆèÃgÁA¦ü¤PÁ¯ï* vÀ¢égÀÄzÀÝ ¸ÀvÀvÀ zÀÆgÀ«j¹

PÉÆý ªÀAiÀĸÀÄì

Consider the age [Guo, et.al., 2013;PLoS ONE]

7. ªÀÄ£ÀĵÀågÀÄ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ PÉÆýUÀ¼À°è G¥ÀAiÉÆÃUÀ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ CªÀÅUÀ¼À ¥ÁæªÀÄÄRåvÉAiÀÄ

DzsÁgÀzÀ ªÉÄÃ¯É ¸ÀÆPÁë÷ätÄ ¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀUÀ¼À DAiÉÄÌ

¸ÀÆPÁë÷ätÄ

¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀUÀ¼À ªÀUÀð

G¥ÀAiÉÆÃUÀzÀ DzÀåvÉ GzÁºÀgÀuÉ

ªÀUÀð I

(Class I)(¥ÀæzsÁ£À C¥ÁAiÀÄ)

¥ÀæªÀÄÄRªÁV ªÀÄ£ÀĵÀå ªÉÊzÀåQÃAiÀÄ ±Á¸ÀÛçzÀ°è;

G¥ÀAiÉÆÃUÀ

PÉÆýUÀ¼À°è aQvÉìUÁV PÁ¬ÄÝj¸À§ºÀÄzÀÄ

¥ÉÇèÃgÉÆÃQé£Á¯ÉÆãïì:

K£ÉÆæÃ¥sÉèPÁìQì£ï, ¹¥ÉÇæÃ¥sÉèPÁìQì£ï,

¥sÉ¥sÉèPÁìQì£ï,

M¥sÉèPÁìQì£ï,¯ÉªÉÇÃ¥sÉèPÁìQì£ï,

¸Áàgï¥sÉèPÁìQì£ï.

ªÀUÀð II ªÀÄ£ÀĵÀå ªÉÊzÀåQÃAiÀÄ ±Á¸ÀÛçzÀ°è ªÀiÁzsÀå«ÄPÀªÁV JjÃvÉÆæêÉÄʹ£ï, ¥É¤ì°£ïì, ªÀUÀð II

(Class II)(ªÀiÁzsÀå«ÄPÀ C¥ÁAiÀÄ)

ªÀÄ£ÀĵÀå ªÉÊzÀåQÃAiÀÄ ±Á¸ÀÛçzÀ°è ªÀiÁzsÀå«ÄPÀªÁV

G¥ÀAiÉÆÃUÀ

PÉÆýUÀ¼À°è aQvÉìUÁV ªÀiÁzsÀå«ÄPÀªÁV

JjÃvÉÆæêÉÄʹ£ï, ¥É¤ì°£ïì,

dAmÁªÉÄʹ£ï,

¸ÉæüÖAiÉÆÃ¥sïgï,¸À¯Áá£ÁªÉÄÊqïì

ªÀÄvÀÄÛ mÉmÁæ ÉÊQèãïì.

ªÀUÀð III(PÀrªÉÄ C¥ÁAiÀÄ)

Class III

ªÀÄ£ÀĵÀå ªÉÊzÀåQÃAiÀÄ ±Á¸ÀÛçzÀ°è G¥ÀAiÉÆÃUÀ PÀrªÉÄ,

PÉÆýUÀ¼À°è aQvÉìUÁV ªÀiÁzsÀå«ÄPÀªÁV G¥ÀAiÉÆÃUÀ

(Majority of them has low per oralbioavailability)

¨Áå¹mÉæù£ï, ¸ÉÖçÃ¥sÉÇÖêÉÄʹ£ï,

mÉʯÉÆù£ïì, ¸ÉàÃQÖ£ÉÆêÉÄʹ£ï,

¤AiÉÆêÉÄʹ£ï ªÀÄvÀÄÛ

mÁAiÀĪÀÄÄ°£ï

Farm history and/ or in vitro sensitivity Clinical judgment Use labeled directions before opt for extra-label Narrow spectrum antibiotic, if pathogen is known

PÉÆý ¸ÁPÁuÉAiÀÄ EwºÁ¸À ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ¸ÀÆPÁë÷ätÄ ¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀUÀ¼À DzsÀåvÉ

PÁ¬Ä¯É DAiÉÄÌAiÀÄ DzsÀåvÉ ¸ÀÆPÁë÷ätÄ ¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÉÃvÀgÀ ºÀ¸ÀÛPÉëÃ¥À

PÉÆð¨Á幯ÉÆù¸ï

{Septicemia}

Class III Class II Class I

CªÉÆäAiÀiÁ/zsÀƽ£À ªÀÄlÖªÀ£ÀÄß PÀrªÉÄ ªÀiÁqÀĪÀÅzÀÄ,UÁ½QAr

ºÉZÀÄѪÀiÁqÀĪÀÅzÀÄ, ºÉZÀÄÑ ZÀ½/±ÁR¢AzÀ zÀÆgÀ«gÀĸÀĪÀÅzÀÄ,

ºÉPÉÌAiÀÄ vÉêÁA±À PÀrvÀUÉƽ¸ÀĪÀÅzÀÄ. ªÀiÁågÉÃPïì

¤AiÀÄAvÀætzÀ°è¬ÄqÀĪÀÅzÀÄ.

¥sÉÇêïè PÁ¯ÉgÀ

{Septcemia, lung infection, menigistis, arthritis,cellulitis}

Class II Class I Class III {Extra-label}

PÀpt §AiÉÆøÉPÀÆåjn PÀæªÀÄUÀ¼ÀÄ, ¸ÀwÛgÀĪÀ PÉÆýUÀ¼À£ÀÄß PÀæªÀĪÁV

«¤AiÉÆÃUÀ ªÀiÁqÀĪÀÅzÀÄ.

£ÉPÉÆæÃnPï JAngÉÊn¸ï

{Acute to chronic enteritis with

Class III Class II PÁQìrAiÀiÁ ¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀUÀ¼À PÁAiÀÄðPÀæªÀÄ «ªÀIJ𹠣ÀAvÀgÀ PÉÆý

ªÀ¸ÀwAiÀÄ£ÀÄß ¸ÉÆÃAPÀÄ ¤ªÁgÀuÉ ªÀiÁqÀĪÀÅzÀÄ.

{Acute to chronic enteritis with necrosis of upper SI}

ªÀ¸ÀwAiÀÄ£ÀÄß ¸ÉÆÃAPÀÄ ¤ªÁgÀuÉ ªÀiÁqÀĪÀÅzÀÄ.

ªÉÄÊPÉÆÃ¥sÁè Áä

{M.gallisepticum}

Class III Tylosin/ Tiamutin

Class II Tetracyclines

PÉÆýUÀ¼À°è EgÀĪÀ PÁ¬Ä¯ÉUÉ aQvÉì ¤ÃqÀĪÀÅzÀÄ; PÀpt

§AiÉÆøÉPÀÆåjn PÀæªÀÄUÀ¼ÀÄ. Class I [India, South Asia]

Class II [Tetracyclins & Erythromycin,if M. synoviae]

¸Á¯Áä£É¯ÉÆèù¸ï

{Brooder house Eggs, Later Poults}

Class III limited basis Class II limited basis

May require Extra-label

¸ÀAvÁ£ÉÆÃvÁàzÀ£ÉUÁV Ej¹zÀ ªÀÄAzÉAiÀÄ gÀPÀÛ ¥ÀjÃPÉë

ªÀiÁr¸ÀĪÀÅzÀÄ; £ÀAvÀgÀ PÁåjAiÀÄgï PÉÆýUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ªÀzsÉ

ªÀiÁqÀĪÀÅzÀÄ [Prevent vertical transmission via eggs]

¸ÁÖ¥sÁå¯ÉÆÃPÁPÀ¸ï

{Hock &Footpad,Swollen head-celllulitis; Osteomyelitis}

Class II Penicillins, Cephalexin, Erythromycin

gÉÆÃUÀzÀ ªÀÄlÖªÀ£ÀÄß ¥ÀjÃQë £ÀAvÀgÀ OµÀzsÉÆÃ¥ÀZÀgÀ

ªÀiÁqÀĪÀÅzÀÄ. Identify the predisposing factors; Upper

respiratory infection ?

fêÀ ¸ÀÄgÀQëvÀ PÀæªÀÄUÀ¼ÀÄ: ¤Ãj£À ±ÀÄavÀé

OµÀ¢üAiÀÄ ºÉ¸ÀgÀÄ ¤Ãj£À ±ÀÄavÀéPÁÌV ¸ÉÆÃAPÀÄ vÀqÉUÀlÄÖªÀÅzÀPÁÌV

PÉÆèÃj£ï qÉÊDPÉìöÊqï 1«Ä.°Ã / °Ã ¤ÃjUÉ 20 «Ä.°Ã / °Ã. ¤ÃjUÉ

DQìqÉʹAUï KeÉAmïì +

DUÁåð¤Pï Då¹qï + ¸À¥sÉðÃPÉÖAmïì

1 UÁæA / °Ã ¤ÃjUÉ 4 UÁæA / °Ã. ¤ÃjUÉ

During N.D & I.B.D outbreakDUÁåð¤Pï Då¹qï + ¸À¥sÉðÃPÉÖAmïì

DAiÉÆÃr£ï ±ÉÃ-0.01, 1«Ä.°Ã / 10°Ã

¤ÃjUÉ

±Éà 0.1, 10«Ä.°Ã /1°Ã. ¤ÃjUÉ

¥sÀgï Då¹nPï Då¹qï +H2O2 +

DUÁåð¤Pï Då¹qï

1-2 «Ä.°Ã / 20°Ã ¤ÃjUÉ 4 «Ä.°Ã / °Ã. ¤ÃjUÉ

¨ÉÃeÉʯï PÉÆäAiÀĪÀiï PÉÆèÃgÉÊqï 1 «Ä.°Ã / 20°Ã ¤ÃjUÉ 1 «Ä.°Ã / °Ã. ¨ÉZÀÑ£ÉAiÀÄ ¤ÃjUÉ

[For cleaning table Eggs]

fêÀ ¸ÀÄgÀQëvÀ PÀæªÀÄUÀ¼ÀÄ- ¸ÉÆÃAPÀÄ ¤ªÁgÀPÀUÀ¼À ¸ÀzÀã¼ÀPÉ

¸ÉÆÃAPÀĤªÁgÀPÀ ¨ÁåQÖÃj¸ÉÊqÀ¯ï ¸ÉÆàÃj¸ÉÊqÀ¯ï ªÉÊj¸ÉÊqÀ¯ï ¥sÀAV¸ÉÊqÀ¯ï ¥ÁågÁ¸ÉÊn¸ÉÊqÀ¯ï

C¯ÉÆÌúÀ¯ï

Alcohol++++ - ++ + -

ºÁå¯ÉÆÃf£ïì

Iodophores; Hypochlorins

++++ - ++ + -

PÀÆå. J. ¹/ Q.A.C ++++ - + + -PÀÆå. J. ¹/ Q.A.C ++++ - + + -

¦ü£Á°Pïì / Phenol ++++ - - - -

PÉÆïÁmÁ¸ïð ++++ - - -

D°ØºÉÊqïì/ HCHO ++++ + ++ ++ +

DQìqÉʹAUï KeÉAmïì

KMnO4 & H2O2

+++ - - - -

ºÁåZÀjà ¸ÀÄgÀQëvÀ PÀæªÀÄUÀ¼ÀÄ- ªÉÆmÉÖUÀ½UÉ aQvÉì

Egg Dipping in Antimicrobial SolutionGentamicin: 0.5g.L-1 ; Tylosin 1g.L-11g /Lt

ªÉÆmÉÖUÀ¼ÀÄ

37-380¹ UÉ E£ÀÆÌ÷å¨ÉÃl¤èð ElÄÖ ¨ÉZÀÑUÉ ªÀiÁqÀ¨ÉÃPÀÄ

[mÉʯÉÆù£ï/JjxÉÆæêÉÄʹ£ï/dAmÁªÉÄʹ£ï]

zÀæªÀzÀ ±ÁR 1.7 – 4.40¹ gÀ¶ÖgÀ¨ÉÃPÀÄzÀæªÀzÀ ±ÁR 1.7 – 4.4

0¹ gÀ¶ÖgÀ¨ÉÃPÀÄ

ªÉÆmÉÖUÀ¼À£ÀÄß 0.04% - 0.1% ¸ÀÆPÁë÷ätÄfë¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀ zÀæªÀzÉÆA¢UÉ

10 jAzÀ 30 ¤. ªÀÄļÀÄV¹qÀĪÀÅzÀÄ

ºÁUÁV ªÉÆmÉÖAiÀÄ ªÉÄðgÀĪÀ gÀAzsÀæUÀ¼À ªÀÄÆ®PÀ ¸ÀÆPÁë÷ätÄfë¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀªÀÅ

¥ÀæªÉò¸ÀĪÀÅzÀjAzÀ ªÀÄjUÀ½UÉ ªÀUÁðªÁUÀĪÀ ¸ÉÆÃAPÀ£ÀÄß

¥ÀjuÁªÀÄPÁjAiÀiÁV vÀqÉUÀlÖ§ºÀÄzÀÄ

9. OµÀzsÉÆÃ¥ÀZÀgÀªÀ£ÀÄß vÁAwæPÀªÁV ¥ÀæªÀiÁt§zÀÝUÉƽ¸ÀĪÀÅzÀÄ

[Tiamulin in water vs feed (~ 12.5mg.kg-1 ) to prevent vertical transmission]

David G.S Burch, 2009

DzsÀĤPÀ ¸ÀÆPÁë÷ätÄ ¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀUÀ¼À DAiÉÄÌ……

¸É¥sÉÇïÉÆøÉÆáj£ïì

First generation: ¨Á¬Ä ªÀÄÆ®PÀ: ¸É¥sÁ¯ÉQì£ï

• ¥ÀæªÀÄÄRªÁV Gram +ve; weak: Gram -ve

• ªÀÄÄRåªÁV ©ÃmÁ ¯ÁåPÁÖªÉÄøï +ve; S.aureaus

• PÁæ¸ï gɹ¸ÉÖAmï - ¥É¤ì°£ïì( Ampicillin, Amoxicillin)

Second generation: ¨Á¬Ä ªÀÄÆ®PÀ: ¸É¥sÁPÉÆèÃgï

• CªÀ±ÀåªÁV Gram -ve; weak acticity:Gram +ve

• gɹ¸ÉÖAmï- ©ÃmÁ ¯ÁåPÁÖªÉÄÃ¸ï• gɹ¸ÉÖAmï- ©ÃmÁ ¯ÁåPÁÖªÉÄøï

Third generation: ¨Á¬Ä ªÀÄÆ®PÀ: ¸É¦üÃPÉìöʪÀiï, ZÀÄZÀÄѪÀÄzÀÄÝ: ¸É¦üÖAiÉÆÃ¥sïgï

• ¥ÀæªÀÄÄRªÁV- JAnÃgÉÆèÁåQÖÃjAiÉÄù

• ºÉaÑzÀ ZÀlĪÀnPÉ against Gram-ve ; Active against anaerobes

• gɹ¸ÉÖAmï- ©ÃmÁ ¯ÁåPÁÖªÉÄøï

Fourth generation: ¸Éæü¥sÉʪÀiï

• PÉÆýUÀ¼À°è G¥ÀAiÉÆÃV¸ÀĪÀ §UÉÎ ªÀiÁ»w¬Ä®è.

• ºÉaÑzÀ ZÀlĪÀnPÉ against Gram-ve and anaerobes

• Highly resistant to ß-lactamase

PÉÆýUÀ¼À°è ªÀiÁåPÉÆæðqÀìUÀ¼À £ÁåAiÀħzÀÞ G¥ÀAiÉÆÃUÀ

JjvÉÆæêÉÄʹ£ï- mÉʯÉÆù£ï-¸ÉáöÊgÁªÉÄʹ£ï- n°äPÉÆù£ï

Selection of ªÀ¸ÀÄÛ«£À ªÀÄÆ®, ±Áé ÀPÉÆñÀzÀ°è OµÀ¢üAiÀÄ ¥ÀæªÀiÁt (Acidic-trapping)

PÀgÀļÀÄ AiÀÄPÀÈvï£À ¸ÉÊQèAUï : Concentrate in bile

PÉÆñÀzÉƼÀV£À ¥ÀæªÀiÁt > 20 times Plasma

75% ¥sÁè Áä ¥ÉÇæÃn£ï §AzsÀ

±Áé ÀPÉÆñÀ- UÁ½ aî-AiÀÄPÀÈvï- ªÀÄÆvÀæ¦AqÀ- ¥ÀÇègÁ-

D¸ÉÊnPï zÀæªÀ- ªÉÄzÀÄ CAUÁA±ÀUÀ¼ÀÄD¸ÉÊnPï zÀæªÀ- ªÉÄzÀÄ CAUÁA±ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ

¥É¤ì°£ïUÉ gɹìmÉAmï EzÀÝ°è

Gram +ve and Mycoplasma/Chlymydia ¸ÉÆÃAPÀÄ EzÁÝUÀ

ºÉZÀÄÑ ºÉZÀÄÑ G¥ÀAiÉÆÃV¹zÁUÀ - Cholistatic hepatitis ?

PÀgÀ¼ÀÄ ªÀÇåºÀ £À ªÉÃUÀ eÁ¹ÛAiÀiÁUÀĪÀÅzÀÄ/ vÉÆAzÀgÉAiÀiÁUÀĪÀÅzÀÄ

QêÀÅ vÀÄA©zÀ/ PÉƼÉvÀ fÃuÁðAUÀzÀ°èè OµÀ¢üAiÀÄ UÀÄt PÀrªÉÄAiÀiÁUÀĪÀÅzÀÄ

PÀ¤µÀ× ¥ÀPÀë ¸ÉÆÃAPÀÄ ¦ÃrvÀ CAUÁUÀ¼À DzsÁgÀzÀ ªÉÄÃ¯É OµÀ¢üUÀ¼À DAiÉÄÌ

Organ directed prescription policy

¸ÉÆÃAPÀÄ ¦ÃrvÀ CAUÁUÀ¼ÀÄ OµÀ¢üUÀ¼À DAiÉÄÌ

±Áé¸ÀPÉÆñÀ- UÁ½ aî- UÀAl®Ä gɹágÉÃmÁj ¥sÀÇègÉÆÃQé£Á¯ÉÆãïì

n®ÆäPÉÆù£ï, JjvÉÆæêÉÄʹ£ï

ªÀÄÆvÀæ¦AqÀ ¥É¤ì°£ïì ,mÉmÁæ¸ÉÊQèãïì ,J¥sÁæªÉÄʹ£ï

AiÀÄPÀÈvï ¥É¤ì°£ïì ,mÉmÁæ¸ÉÊQèãïì ,J¥sÁæªÉÄʹ£ï ªÀÄvÀÄÛ

¸ÉÃ¥sÁ¯ÉÆøÉÆàÃj£ïì¸ÉÃ¥sÁ¯ÉÆøÉÆàÃj£ïì

doÀgÀ- PÀgÀ¼ÀÄ ªÀÇåºÀ DªÉÄÊ£ÉÆøÉÊQèÃmÁ¯ïì[¸ÉàÃQÖ£ÉÆêÉÄʹ£ï] J¥sÁæªÉÄʹ£ï,

DªÉÄÊ£ÉÆÃUÉèöÊPÉƸÉÊqïì: ¤ÃAiÉƪÉÄʹ£ï

¦vÀÛ gÀ¸À/ doÀgÀ- PÀgÀ¼ÀÄ ªÀÇåºÀ ¥sɤPÁ¯ïì*

G½zÀ E¤ßvÀgÀ CAUÁUÀ¼ÀÄ ¸À¯Áá£ÁªÉÄÊqïì + mÉæöÊ«ÄxÉÆæüæªÀiï

¥sÀÇègÉÆÃQé£Á¯ÉÆãïì

ªÀiÁåPÉÆæðqï ì[mÉʯÉÆù£ï, ¸ÉàöÊgÉÆêÉÄʹ£ï]

°APÉÆêÉÄʹ£ï

WTO/ GATS :148 member countries ,160 Services

WTO

Sanitary & Phytosanitory Measures(SPS)

FAO / WHO

IPPC: Int.Plant Protection CommissionCAC : Codex Alimentarius Commission CAC : Codex Alimentarius Commission

Codex committee n Food hygiene/Food additives/Pesticide residues/

Codex committee on residues of Veterinary drugs in foods

(CCRVDF)

¸ÀÆPÁë÷ätÄ ¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀUÀ¼À CªÀgÉÆÃzsÀ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ CzÀgÀ ªÀUÁðªÀuÉ

[Antibiotic Resistance and its Transmission]

UÀjµÀ× OµÀzsÀ ±ÉõÀ/²°Ì£À ªÀÄlÖ

Maximum Residual Level (MRL)

• MRL: Country specific, hence trade disputes• MRL: Species - Tissue - Commodity specific • MRL: US FDA, EU, Japan, Australia, CAC -MRL

Codex Alimentarius Commission(CAC)

• CCRVDF: Codex Committee on residues of veterinary drugs in foods• CCRVDF: Codex Committee on residues of veterinary drugs in foods• CCRFFP: Codex Committee on residues in fish and fish products• Regional: FAO/WHO Codex Committee for South Asia• Ad hoc: Ad hoc task force on animal feeds

• Official : Lowest between bacteriological & toxicological MRLMRL

PÉÆýUÀ¼À°è OµÀ¢ü »A¥ÀqÉzÀ £ÀAvÀgÀ CAUÁ±ÀzÀ°ègÀĪÀ ¥ÀæªÀiÁt

Tissue concentrations (μg.g-1) in Chickens After Drug Withdrawal

CAUÁUÀ OµÀ¢ü »A¥ÀqÉzÀ

£ÀAvÀgÀ ¢£ÀUÀ¼À°è

No of days after Drug Withdrawal

mÉÃmÁæ¸ÉÊQèãïì qÁQì ÉÊQèãïì £Ágï¥sÉèÃPÁìQì£ï

(M1:-oxo/ M2: desethyl)J£ïgÉÆÃ¥sÉèPÁìQì£ï

M1:¹¥ÉÇæÃ¥sÉèPÁìQì£ï

ªÀiÁA¸À

RAqÀUÀ¼ÀÄ

1356

12

0.230.150.031--

1.180.260.06--

0.29(0.21/ 0.54)-0.21(0.22/0.32)-ND (0.008/0.05)

0.54 (0.65)--ND (1.18)ND (0.010)

AiÀÄPÀÈvï 13

0.300.18

0.900.54

0.65 (0.32/0.93)-

0.99(0.96)-3

56

12

0.180.050--

0.540.12--

-0.24(0.16/0.77)-0.05(.034/0.10)

--0.41(1.37)0.025(0.071)

ªÀÄÆvÀæ¦AqÀ 1356

12

0.430.210.13--

1.920.930.17--

0.92(0.24/1.09)-0.39(0.12/0.67)-0.05(0.04/0.07)

0.91(3.02)--0.32(0.90)

PÉƧÄâ 1356

12

----

----

0.37(0.110.36)-0.20(0.08/0.31)-0.05(0.022/0.06)

0.35(0.32)--ND(ND)ND(ND)

Anadon et.al.Anadon.A, and Martinez-Larranaga, M.R :

1993 In: Euro Residues

1994 in AvainPathology

1992 in Am .J Vet .Res 1995 in Am .J Vet. R

¥ÉÇæçAiÉÆÃnPï UÀ¼À ¸ÀÄgÀQëvÀ G¥ÀAiÉÆÃUÀ

Safe Nutritional Use of Antimicrobials…

PÉÆý DºÁgÀzÀ°è ¥ÉÇæçAiÉÆÃnPïUÀ¼À G¥ÀAiÉÆÃUÀzÀ ªÀÄlÖ »AvÉUÉAiÀÄĪÀ PÁ¯ÁªÀ¢ü

Withdrawal Period

fÃAPï ¨Áå¹ìmÉæù£ï/Bacitracin 4-50g.ton-1

[Zinc or methylene disalicyate]

‘5’¢£ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ/days

PPÉÆèÃgï mÉÃmÁæ¸ÉÊQèãïì /Chlortetracycline 5-50g.ton-1 ‘0’ ¢£ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ/days

°APÉÆêÉÄʹ£ï/ Lincomycin 2-4g.ton-1 ‘0’¢£ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ/days°APÉÆêÉÄʹ£ï/ Lincomycin 2-4g.ton-1 ‘0’¢£ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ/days

DQìmÉÃmÁæ¸ÉÊQèãïì / Oxytetracycline 5-100g.ton-1 ‘0’ ¢£ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ/days

gÉÆÃPÁì ÉÆðãï/ Roxarsone 0.0025-0.005 % ‘0’ ¢£ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ/days

«fðäAiÀiÁªÉÄʹ£ï/ Virginiamycin 5-20g.ton-1 0 ¢£ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ/days

mÉʯÉÆù£ï/ Tylosin 4-50g.ton-1 0 ¢£ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ/days

¥sÀÇgÁeÉÆïïqÁ£ï Furazolidone* 0.00083-0.0011%EU, US FDA & Codex MRL =‘0’

5 ¢£ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ/days

D¸Éð¯ï ¤Pï C¹qï/Arsanilic acid¸ÉÆÃrAiÀĪÀiïá D¸Éð¤¯Áåmï/Sodium arsanilate 0.01%

5 ¢£ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ/days

E½PÉ PÀæªÀiÁAPÀzÀ¼À° è PÉÆýUÀ¼À° è PÉ®ªÉÇAzÀÄ OµÀ¢üUÀ¼À CAUÁ±À ²®ÄÌ ¥ÀæªÀiÁt

Ranking of tissue residues certain drugs in decreasing order in poultry

AiÀÄPÀÈvï ªÀÄÆvÀæ¦AqÀ ªÀiÁA¸À

RAqÀUÀ¼ÀÄ

ZÀªÀÄð + PÉƧÄâ PÉƧÄâ

qÉÃPÉÆQéãÉÃmï 3 2 4 1 -qÉÊPÁèdÆj¯ï 1 2 3 4 -qÁQì¸ÉÊQèãï 2 1 3 - -

¥ÉÇèÃgï¥sɤPÁ¯ï 1 2 4 3 -ºÁå¯ÉÆÃ¥ÀÇf£ÉÆãï 1 2 4 3 -

¯Áå¸Á¯ÉÆùqï 1 3 4 2 -°APÉÆêÉÄʹ£ï 1 2 - 3 -

1 4 5 2 2£ÁgÀ¹£ï 1 4 5 2 2ªÀÄqÀÄgÁªÉÄʹãï 1 - 2 - -

ªÉÆãɤì£ï 1 3 4 2 -gÉÆèÉär£ï 1 3 4 2 -

¸Áå°£ÉÆêÉÄʹ£ï 1 3 3 - 2¸ÉªÀiï qÀÆågÁªÉÄʹ£ï 1 2 3 5 4

¸ÉàÃQÖ£ÉÆêÉÄʹ£ï 3 2 4 1 -mÁAiÀiÁªÀÄÄ°£ï 1 - 3 2 -nîÆäPÉÆù£ï 1 2 3 3 3

mÉæöʪÉÄÃvÉÆææªÀiï

Note: 1>2> 3> 4 > 51 2 3 - 4

K¥ÁæªÉÄʹ£ï

vÁeÁ PÉÆý ªÀiÁA¸À ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ªÀiÁA¸ÀzÀ G¥À GvÀà£ÀßUÀ¼À°è CAUÁ±À ²®ÄÌ vÀqÉUÀlÄÖªÀ°è ÷ sÁgÀvÀ ¸ÀPÁðgÀzÀ ¤§AzsÀ£ÉUÀ¼ÀÄ

EIC: Regulatory programme for Control of Residues in Fresh Poultry meat & Poultry meat products (For export to Non-EU countries (in units approved for export to all countries except EU dt. 14.3.2012

Set/Group

Substances to be monitored

Compound /marker residue Level of action above which deemed non- complianceMRPL/ MRL [μg.kg-1]

Set5 /A6 PÉÆèÃgÁA¥sÉí¤PÁ¯ï Chloramphenicol 0.3μg.kg-1

£ÉÊmÉÆæÃ¥ÀÇågÁ£Á֬ģï

ªÉÄÃmÁ¨ÉÆïÁAiÀiïÖ

¥ÀÇågÁ¯ÁÖqÉÆ£ï

ªÉÄÃmÁ¨ÉÆïÁAiÀiïÖ

Aminohydantoin (AHD) 3-amino-5-morpholinomethyl -2-

1.0μg.kg-1

1.0μg.kg-1

ªÉÄÃmÁ¨ÉÆïÁAiÀiïÖ

£ÉÊmÉÆæÃ¥ÀÇågÁ£Á֬ģï

ªÉÄÃmÁ¨ÉÆïÁAiÀiïÖ

¥ÀÇågÁ¯ÁÖqÉÆ£ï

ªÉÄÃmÁ¨ÉÆïÁAiÀiïÖ

oxazolidinone (AMOZ) Amino-oxazolidinone (AOZ) Semicarbazide (SEM)

1.0μg.kg-1

1.0μg.kg-1

£ÉÊmÉÆæëÄÃqÁeÉÆìïïì DimetridazoleIpronidazoleMetronidazoleRonidazole

1.0μg.kg-1

1.0μg.kg-1

1.0μg.kg-1

1.0μg.kg-1

Set-6/B1 DåAn¨ÁåQÖÃjAiÀiÁUÀ¼ÀÄ AmoxycillinDifloxacin

Doxycycline

Muscle/Fat/Liver/Kidney: 50Muscle:300, Fat:400, Liver:1900, Kidney: 600μg.kg-1

Muscle-100, Fat-300, Liver-300,

vÁeÁ PÉÆý ªÀiÁA¸À ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ªÀiÁA¸ÀzÀ G¥À GvÀà£ÀßUÀ¼À°è CAUÁ±À ²®ÄÌ vÀqÉUÀlÄÖªÀ°è ÷ sÁgÀvÀ ¸ÀPÁðgÀzÀ ¤§AzsÀ£ÉUÀ¼ÀÄ

EIC: Regulatory Programme for Control of Residues In Fresh Poultry Meat & Poultry meat Products (For export to Non-EU countries (in units approved for export to all countries except EU)

dt. 14.3.2012

Set/Group

Substances to be monitored Compound /marker residue Level of action above which deemed non- complianceMRPL/ MRL [μg.kg-1]

-contd.Set-6/B1

DåAn ¨ÁåQÖÃjAiÀiÁUÀ¼ÀÄ Flumiquine Muscle:400, Fat:250, Liver:800, Kidney:1000 μg.kg-1

Oxolinic Acid Muscle:100, Fat:50, Liver / Kidney:150 μg.kg-1

Sulphonamides[Sulfadimidine, Sulfadiazine,

Muscle/Fat/Liver/Kidney:100 μg.kg-1 (Combined limit) [Sulfadimidine, Sulfadiazine,

Sulfadimethoxine, Sulfadoxine, Sulfamethazine, Sulfanilamide, Sulfamirazine, Sulfamethoxypyridazine, Sulfamethiazole, Sulfathiazol]

100 μg.kg-1 (Combined limit)

Sum of Chlorotetracyclineand 4-epi- ChlorotetracyclineSum of Oxytetracycline and4-epi- OxytetracyclineSum of Tetracycline and 4-epi-Tetracycline

Muscle:100, Liver:300Kidney: 600 μg.kg-1

-do--do-

Trimethoprim Muscle/Fat/Liver/Kidney:50 μg.kg-1

ªÉÆmÉÖ PÉÆýUÀ¼À°è ¸ÀÆPÁë÷ätÄ ¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀUÀ¼À »A¥ÀqÉAiÀÄĪÀ CªÀ¢ü

Antimicrobials in Layers (risk) and suggested withdrawal period

OµÀ¢ü F.AiÀÄÄ

JA.Dgï.J¯ï

AiÀÄÄ J¸ï J

JA.Dgï.J¯ï

OµÀ¢üAiÀÄ ¥ÀæªÀiÁt ü / PÁ¯ÁªÀ¢ü ¸ÀÆa¹gÀĪÀ ».C.

mÉʯÉÆù£ï CAVÃPÀÈvÀ

200ug.kg-1

CAVÃPÀÈvÀ

200ug.kg-1

¤ÃgÀÄ :500mg.Lx 5¢£ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ

DºÁgÀ: 200mg.kgx7¢£ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ

E.ªÉÆ: 8 ¢£ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ

ªÉÆmÉÖ: 0

DQìmÉÃmÁæ¸ÉÊQèãï CAVÃPÀÈvÀ

200ug.kg-1

C£Àé¬Ä¸ÀĪÀÅ¢®è ¤ÃgÀÄ 100mg.Lx5¢£ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ

ªÉÄêÀÅ/DºÁgÀ:25mg.kgx28¢£ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ

AiÉÆÃPï =0; D®Äâ«Ä£ï=0E.ªÉÆ. =0

PÉÆèÃgïmÉÃmÁæ¸ÉÊQèãï CAVÃPÀÈvÀ CAVÃPÀÈvÀ ¤ÃgÀÄ : 500mg.Lx7¢£ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ

ªÉÄêÀÅ/DºÁg: 600mg.Lx9d

ªÉÆmÉÖ=6¢£ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ

ªÉÆmÉÖ=>9¢£ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ

200ug.kg-1 400ug.kg-1

ªÉÄêÀÅ/DºÁg

600mg.Lx9d¢£ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ

ªÉÆmÉÖ ¢£ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ

mÉÃmÁæ¸ÉÊQèãï

D¦ü¹°Ã£ï

dAmÁªÉÄʹ£ï

CAVÃPÀÈvÀ

200ug.kg-1

C£Àé¬Ä¸ÀĪÀÅ¢®è ¤ÃgÀÄ : 250mg.Lx5d¢£ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ ªÉÆmÉÖ=6¢£ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ

KjxÉÆæêÉÄʹ£ï CAVÃPÀÈvÀ

150ug.kg-1

CAVÃPÀÈvÀ

25ug.kg-1

¤ÃgÀÄ : 500mg.Lx5¢£ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ AiÉÆÃPï=7; D®Äâ«Ä£ï=3

DåA¦ü¹°Ã£ï C£Àé¬Ä¸ÀĪÀÅ¢®è C£Àé¬Ä¸ÀĪÀÅ¢®è ¤ÃgÀÄ : 100mg.Lx5¢£ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ E.ªÉÆ.=0

dAmÁªÉÄʹ£ï C£Àé¬Ä¸ÀĪÀÅ¢®è C£Àé¬Ä¸ÀĪÀÅ¢®è Inj: 10mg.kg-1xs.c or i.m AiÉÆÃPï=7; D®Äâ«Ä£ï=3

PÉÆèÃgÁA¦üí¤PÁ¯ï ¤µÉÃzsÀªÀiÁrzÉ ¤µÉÃzsÀªÀiÁrzÉ ¤ÃgÀÄ :40mg.Lx7d¢£ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ AiÉÆÃPï=7; D®Äâ«Ä£ï=4

¤AiÉÆêÉÄʹ£ï C£Àé¬Ä¸ÀĪÀÅ¢®è

500ug.kg-1

C£Àé¬Ä¸ÀĪÀÅ¢®è ¤ÃgÀÄ : 0.25g.Lx5¢£ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ E.ªÉÆ=0 ¢£ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ

OµÀ¢üUÀ¼À ±ÉõÁA±À vÀqÉUÀmÉÖUÀ®Ä ÷ºÉZÀÄѪÀj vÀ¯ÉaÃn OµÀ¢üUÀ¼À PÀrªÉÄ §¼ÀPÉ

Reduced extra-Label use to meet MRL standards

ºÉZÀÄѪÀj vÀ¯ÉaÃn (Extra-Label) OµÀ¢üUÀ¼ÀÄ:-AiÀiÁªÀÅzÉà OµÀ¢üAiÀÄ£ÀÄß

CzÀgÀ ¤UÀ¢üvÀ ¥ÀæªÀiÁtQÌAvÀ ºÉZÁÑV, ¤UÀ¢üvÀ ªÀiÁUÀðzÀ §zÀ¯ÁV ¨ÉÃgÉ

«zsÁ£À §¼À¹, MAzÀÄ CAUÁUÀ ¸ÉÆÃAQUÉ ¤UÀ¢ü ¥Àr¹gÀĪÀ OµÀ¢üAiÀÄ£ÀÄß

¨ÉÃgÉÆAzÀÄ CAUÁUÀ ¸ÉÆÃAQvÀPÉÌ §¼À¹, ¨ÉÃgÉ ¥ÁætÂUÀ¼ÀUÉ PÁ¬ÄÝj¹gÀĪÀ

OµÀ¢üAiÀÄ£ÀÄß PÉÆýUÀ½UÉ ¤ÃqÀĪÀ, ªÀÄÄAvÁzÀ PÀæªÀÄUÀ¼ÀÄ ºÉZÀÄѪÀj vÀ¯ÉaÃnOµÀ¢üAiÀÄ£ÀÄß PÉÆýUÀ½UÉ ¤ÃqÀĪÀ, ªÀÄÄAvÁzÀ PÀæªÀÄUÀ¼ÀÄ ºÉZÀÄѪÀj vÀ¯ÉaÃn

OµÀ¢üUÀ¼ÁUÀÄvÀÛªÉ.

F vÉgÀ£ÁV §¼À¸ÀĪÀ OµÀ¢üUÀ½AzÀ PÉÆý ªÀiÁA¸À ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ªÉÆmÉÖUÀ¼À°è

OµÀ¢üÃAiÀÄ ±ÉõÀ/ ²®ÄÌ ºÉZÁÑUÀĪÀ ¸ÁzsÀåvÉ EgÀÄvÀÛzÉ. ºÁUÁV CvÀåAvÀ

CªÀ±ÀåPÀvÉ EzÀÝ°è ªÀiÁvÀæ §¼À¸ÀvÀPÀÌzÀÄÝÄ.

OµÀ¢ü ZÀ®£É ªÉÄÃ¯É PÁQìÃrAiÉÆøÁÖmï UÀ¼À ªÀÄvÀÄÛ

mÁQì£ï ¨ÉÊAqÀgï UÀ¼À ¥ÀjuÁªÀÄ

Impact of coccidiostats/toxin binders on drug kinetics & consequencemÁAiÀĪÀÄÄ°£ï ªÉÆãɤì£ï

£ÁgÀ¹£ï

vÀÆPÀ PÀrªÉĪÀiÁqÀĪÀÅzÀÄ,«µÀPÁgÀvÉ, vÀÆPÀ

PÀrªÉĪÀiÁqÀĪÀÅzÀÄ, «µÀPÁgÀvÉ,¹®ÄÌ G½PÉUÉ C¸ÀàzÀ

mÁAiÀĪÀÄÄ°£ï ªÀÄzÀÄgÀªÉÄʹ£ï

¸ÉêÀÄÆØgÀªÉÄʹ£ï

ªÀiÁA¸ÀzÀ PÉÆýUÀ¼À°è AiÀiÁªÀÅzÉà vÉÆAzÀgɬĮè

ªÀiÁA¸ÀzÀ PÉÆýUÀ¼À°è AiÀiÁªÀÅzÉà vÉÆAzÀgɬĮè

mÁAiÀĪÀÄÄ°£ï ¯Áå¸Á¯Éƹqï ªÀiÁA¸ÀzÀ PÉÆýUÀ¼À°è AiÀiÁªÀÅzÉà vÉÆAzÀgɬĮè

mÁAiÀĪÀÄÄ°£ï ¸Áå°£ÉÆêÉÄʹ£ï [Salinomycin] fêÀ¥ÀZÀAiÀÄ QæAiÉÄUÉ vÀqÉ GAlĪÀiÁqÀĪÀÅzÀÄ,¹®ÄÌ G½PÉUÉ C¸ÀàzÀ¹®ÄÌ G½PÉUÉ C¸ÀàzÀ

Inhibit drug metabolism

mÉʯÉÆù£ï

JjÃxÉÆæêÉÄʹ£ï

nïïªÉÄÊPÉÆù£ï

¸ÁªÀiÁ£Àå §gÀºÀ ¸ÀÆaUÀ¼ÀÄ

[many prescriptions]fêÀ¥ÀZÀAiÀÄ QæAiÉÄAiÀÄ QtéUÀ¼À£ÀÄß vÀqÉAiÀÄĪÀÅzÀÄ

ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ¹®ÄÌ G½PÉUÉ C¸ÀàzÀ

Inhibit drug metabolism

¤ÃPÁ¨Áðfì£ï

gÉÆèɤr£ï

¨ÉAmÉÆãÉÊmï[Bentonite]/ «µÀ §AzsÀPÀUÀ¼ÀÄ[toxin binders]

eÉÊ«PÀ ®¨sÀåvÉAiÀÄ£ÀÄß PÀrªÉĪÀiÁqÀĪÀÅzÀÄ

J£ÉÆæÃ¥sÉèPÁìQì£ï GvÉÛÃf¹zÀ ªÀĹ/ ºÉZï.J¸ï.¹.J.J¸ï

[HSCAS] / Chlorine rich waterOµÀ¢üAiÀÄ UÀÄt ªÀÄvÀÄÛ eÉÊ«PÀ ®¨sÀåvÉAiÀÄ£ÀÄß

PÀrªÉĪÀiÁqÀĪÀÅzÀÄ

mÉʯÉÆù£ï

°APÉÆêÉÄʹ£ï

¨ÉAmÉÆãÉÊmï[Bentonite] OµÀ¢üAiÀÄ UÀÄt ªÀÄvÀÄÛ eÉÊ«PÀ ®¨sÀåvÉAiÀÄ£ÀÄß

PÀrªÉĪÀiÁqÀĪÀÅzÀÄ

PÁQìrÃAiÉÆøÁÖmï UÀ¼À »AvÉUÉAiÀÄĪÀ CªÀ¢üAiÀÄ §gÀºÀ ¸ÀÆa

Prescribed Withdrawal period for Cocciodiostates

PÁQìrÃAiÉÆøÁÖmï UÀ¼ÀÄ

Cocciodiostates

ªÀiÁA¸À/ªÉÆmÉÖ PÉÆýUÀ¼ÀÄ

Broiler/Layer

»AvÉUÉAiÀÄĪÀ CªÀ¢(¢£ÀUÀ¼À°è)

Withdrawal period(days)

DªÉÆáçðAiÀiÁªÀiï ªÉÆmÉÖ PÉÆýUÀ¼ÀÄ{¤ÃgÀÄ CxÀªÁ DºÁgÀzÀ°è} ‘0’

qÉʤÃmÉÆïÁªÉÄÊqï ªÉÆmÉÖ PÉÆýUÀ¼ÀÄ[at ‘risk period’]ªÀiÁA¸ÀzÀ PÉÆýUÀ¼ÀÄ

1-3‘0’

¤ÃPÁ¨Áðfì£ï ªÀiÁA¸ÀzÀ PÉÆýUÀ¼ÀÄ 4

ºÁå¯ÉÆÃ¥ÀÇf£ÉÆÃ£ï ªÀiÁA¸ÀzÀ PÉÆýUÀ¼ÀÄ 4

¯Áå¸À¯ÉÆùqï ªÀiÁA¸ÀzÀ PÉÆýUÀ¼ÀÄ ‘0’

ªÀÄzÀÄgÁªÉÄʹ£ï /¸ÉêÀÄÆØgÁªÉÄʹ£ï ªÀiÁA¸ÀzÀ PÉÆýUÀ¼ÀÄ 5 / 5

ªÉÆãɤì£ï/£ÁgÀ¹£ï/¸Áå°£ÉÆù£ï ªÀiÁA¸ÀzÀ PÉÆýUÀ¼ÀÄ ‘0’

PÉÆèæüqÁ¯ï ªÀiÁA¸ÀzÀ PÉÆýUÀ¼ÀÄ 5

qÉÊPÁèdÄj¯ï ªÀiÁA¸ÀzÀ PÉÆýUÀ¼ÀÄ ‘0’

¸À¯ÁáªÉÄÃxÁf£ï ªÀiÁA¸ÀzÀ PÉÆýUÀ¼ÀÄ 10

¸À¯ÁáQé£ÁPÁì¯ÉÆÃ£ï ªÀiÁA¸ÀzÀ PÉÆýUÀ¼ÀÄ [0.17g.L-1] 10

DQìmÉÃmÁæ¸ÉÊQèÃ£ï ªÀiÁA¸ÀzÀ PÉÆýUÀ¼ÀÄ [200g.ton-1] 3

qÉPÉÆÃQé£ÉÃmï ªÀiÁA¸ÀzÀ PÉÆýUÀ¼ÀÄ ‘0’

ºÉZÀÄѪÀj vÀ¯ÉaÃn OµÀ¢üUÀ¼À£ÀÄß §¼À¹zÀ°è CAUÁUÀ ²®ÄÌ vÀqÉUÀlÄÖªÀ §UÉ

Residue Avoidance used Extra –labelEU Directive 2001/82EC Amended 2004 /28/EC

¤²ÑvÀªÁzÀ PÉÆý vÀ½UÀ£ÀÄUÀÄtªÁV ªÀiÁ£Àå ªÀiÁrgÀĪÀ

DºÁgÀ ¸ÀAPÀ°vÀUÀ¼À£Éß [feed additives]G¥ÀAiÉÆÃV¸ÀĪÀÅzÀÄ

²¥sÁgÀ¸ÀÄì ªÀiÁrgÀĪÀ OµÀ¢ü »AqÉAiÀÄĪÀ

PÁ¯ÁªÀ¢üAiÀÄ£ÀÄß ZÁZÀÄ vÀ¥ÀàzÉà ¥Á°¸ÀĪÀÅzÀÄ

vÀÄA¨Á CªÀ±ÀåPÀ«zÁÝUÀ ªÀiÁvÀæªÉà ºÉZÀÄѪÀj vÀ¯ÉaÃn

OµÀ¢üUÀ¼À£ÀÄß G¥ÀAiÉÆÃV¸ÀĪÀÅzÀÄ

Commodity Withdrawal days if used extra-label

Poultry- Eggs 7 days

OµÀ¢üUÀ¼À£ÀÄß G¥ÀAiÉÆÃV¸ÀĪÀÅzÀÄ

¤²ÑvÀªÁzÀ/ ¸ÀjAiÀiÁzÀ zÁR®wAiÀÄ£ÀÄß ¤ªÀðºÀuÉ

ªÀiÁqÀĪÀÅzÀÄ

CAUÁUÀ ²°Ì£À §UÉÎ £ÀdgÀÄ PÁAiÀÄðPÀæªÀÄUÀ¼À£ÀÄß

[surveillance programmes] C¼ÀªÀr¹PÉƼÀÄîªÀÅzÀÄ

Milk 7days

Meat: Poultry, Mammals

28days

Fish 500°C days

CAUÁUÀ ²®ÄÌ PÀAqÀÄ »rAiÀĪÀ ¥ÀjÃPÉëUÀ¼ÀÄ

Screening tests for residue detection{{{Internal Quality Control Tests}

ªÀiÁA¸À RAqÀUÀ¼ÀÄ (Poultry muscle)

• 3-plate test (K. rhizophila, B. cereus, and E. coli) for detection andpresumptive identification of tetracyclines, β-lactam and quinolones

• Plate assays based on B. subtilis, B. cereus, and E. coli (specificdetection of quinolones)

ªÀÄÆvÀæ ¦AqÀzÀ zÀæªÀ (Renal pelvis fluid )(Nouws method)

• Renal pelvis fluid: 5-plate test NAT (B. subtilis, B. cereus,B. pumilus, K. rhizophila, and Y. ruckeri)

• Bacillus stearothemophilus• 147⁰F (64 ⁰C) for 3 hrs

B. pumilus, K. rhizophila, and Y. ruckeri)ªÀiÁA¸À RAqÀUÀ¼ÀÄ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ªÉÆmÉÖUÀ¼ÀÄ(Poultry muscle & egg)

• Plate assay based on Y. ruckeri and Premi®Test (specific detection ofquinolones)ªÀiÁA¸À RAqÀzÀ zÀæªÀ (Poultry muscle fluid)

• EU 4-plate test, B. stearothermophilus disk assay and Premi®TestcomparisonCAUÁUÀ zÀæªÀ (Poultry tissue fluid)

• Premi®Test (B. stearothermophilus)ªÉÆmÉÖ/CAUÁUÀ¼ÀÄ Egg/Poultry tissue

• Klebsiella pneumoniae plate test (Specific detection of quinolones)

¸ÀÆPÁë÷ätÄ fë¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀUÀ¼À £ÁåAiÀħzÀÝ G¥ÀAiÉÆÃUÀ : ¸ÁgÁA±À

Judicious Antibiotic Use: Summary

1. ¥À±ÀÄ ªÉÊzÀågÀÄ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ PÉÆý ¸ÁPÁuÉzÁgÀgÀ°è £ÁåAiÀĸÀªÀÄävÀ ¨ÁAzsÀªÀå

1. A valid poultry veterinarian-client-relationship1.Closely monitor antibiotic usage in poultry flocks

2. Production mangers, veterinarians in close contact with

service persons and individual usersservice persons and individual users

2. ºÉZÀÄѪÀj vÀ¯ÉaÃn OµÀ¢üUÀ¼À G¥ÀAiÉÆÃUÀªÀ£ÀÄß PÀrªÉÄ ªÀiÁqÀĪÀÅzÀÄ/zÀÆgÀ«j¸ÀĪÀÅzÀÄ

2. Extra-label use must be avoided or limited

1. Govt of India - ECI

2. Food Safety Act, 2006

¸ÀÆPÁë÷ätÄ fë¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀUÀ¼À £ÁåAiÀħzÀÝ G¥ÀAiÉÆÃUÀ : ¸ÁgÁA±À

Judicious Antibiotic Use: Summary

3. ¸ÀªÀÄAd¸ÀªÁVzÀÝ°è £ÁågÉÆà ¸ÉàÃPïÖçA DAn §AiÉÆÃnPï UÀ¼À£ÉßÃ

G¥ÀAiÉÆÃV¸ÀĪÀÅzÀÄ

3. Use narrow spectrum antibiotics when relevant1. Use culture & sensitivity test result for therapeutic success

2. Determine changes in antimicrobial susceptibility patterns

4. gÉÆÃUÀ ¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀ ±ÀQÛ PÀrªÉÄ EgÀĪÀ PÉÆýUÀ¼À°è ¨ÁåQÖÃjAiÀiÁ¸ÁÖnPï UÀ¼À£ÀÄß

G¥ÀAiÉÆÃV¸ÀzÉ EgÀĪÀÅzÀÄ M½vÀÄ.

4. Avoid bacteriostatics in flocks with poor immunity1. Chronic or frequent infections

2. Infection consequent to Infectious bursal disease [IBD]

¸ÀÆPÁë÷ätÄ fë¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀUÀ¼À £ÁåAiÀħzÀÝ G¥ÀAiÉÆÃUÀ : ¸ÁgÁA±À

5. PÉÆýUÀ¼ÀÄ PÁ¬Ä¯É¬ÄAzÀ §¼À®ÄwÛzÀÝ°è aQvÀìPÀ ¸ÀÆPÁë÷ätÄ fë¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀUÀ¼À

§¼ÀPÉAiÀÄ£ÀÄß «ÄwAiÀÄ°èqÀĪÀÅqÀÄ

5. Limit therapeutic antibiotics to ill or birds at risk Birds housed adjacently and not clinically ailing should

not be medicated Do not medicate during non-bacterial uncomplicated Do not medicate during non-bacterial uncomplicated

viral infections.

6. EvÀgÉ aQvÀìPÁ DAiÉÄÌUÀ¼À£ÀÄß RqÁØAiÀĪÁV ¥ÀjUÀt ÀĪÀÅzÀÄ

6. Other therapeutic options must be considered Use antibiotics only as a tool to contain active disease Explore management adjustments:- Temperature-Ventilation-Litter moisture Supportive therapy with vitamins and electrolytes

¸ÀÆPÁë÷ätÄ fë¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀUÀ¼À £ÁåAiÀħzÀÝ G¥ÀAiÉÆÃUÀ : ¸ÁgÁA±À

7. aQvÀì PÀæªÀÄUÀ¼À£ÀÄß PÀqÁØAiÀĪÁV PÀæªÀħzÀÝUÉƽ¸ÀĪÀÅzÀÄ

7. Therapeutic regimens must be optimized Use current pharmacological information Therapeutic dosage-duration- MIC values Drug-drug interactions, herbs-drug interactions

8. aQvÉì ¤ÃrgÀĪÀ zÁR¯ÁwUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ¤ªÀðºÀuɪÀiÁqÀĪÀÅzÀÄ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ

aQvÀì PÀæªÀÄUÀ¼À£ÀÄß «ªÀIJð¸ÀĪÀÅzÀÄ

8. Accurate records of treatment, evaluate therapeutic regimens

9. ¸ÀÆPÁë÷ätÄ fë¤gÉÆÃzsÀPÀUÀ¼ÀÄ ªÁvÁªÀgÀtzÉÆA¢UÉ

PÀ®Ä¶vÀªÁUÀĪÀÅzÀ£ÀÄß PÀrªÉĪÀiÁqÀĪÀÅzÀÄ

9. Minimise environmental contamination with antimicrobials

Vision is the ability to see what is possible before it becomes obvious….