常用汉藏梵英佛学术语

COMMON CHINESE-TIBETAN-SANSKRIT-ENGLISH

BUDDHIST TERMINOLOGY

COMPILED BY CHUNG-AN LIN ASSISTED BY HOU-WHA WANG

2008

1991

2008 2 20

1 http://www.insights.org.tw/

CHINESE TIBETAN SANSKRIT ENGLISH

[] eka-jti-pratibaddha one hindered by one birth

eka-kaa an instant

[] []

ekavyha-samdhi

meditative stabilization of single arrangement

eka-yna single vehicle ekasmin samaye once; on a certain time ekavcika one interruption

[] eka-yojana a length of 500 armspans

dvi akualamahbhmik dharm

2 bases of big unvirtuous mental factors

1 hrkya non-shame 2 anapatrpya non-embarrassment [] dvi krama 2 stages of tantric practice 1 utpannakrama generation stage 2 nipannakrama completion stage [] dvi artha 2 purposes 1 [] svrtha purpose of self 2 [] parrtha others' purpose; altruism dvi nirva 2 nirvanas 1 svaeanirva nirvana with remainder 2 nirvvaeanirva nirvana without remainder dvi jna 2 kinds of knowledge 1 yathjna knowledge of all

conventional phenomena

2 yvatajna knowledge of all ultimate phenomena

dvi nairtmya 2 selflessnesses 1

[] pudgalanairtmya selflessness of persons

2 dharmanairtman selflessness of phenomena dvi prama 2 types of valid cognition 1 pratyakaprama direct valid cognition 2 anumnaprama inferential valid cognition


dvi karma 2 kinds of karma 1 niyatavedanyakarma karma whose fruits will

definitely be experienced

2 aniyatavedanyakarma karma whose fruits will not definitely be experienced

dvi karma 2 kinds of karma 1 sstravakarma contaminated action 2 anstravakarma uncontaminated action dvi karma 2 kinds of karma 1 cetan-karman actions of intention 2 cetayitv-karman intended actions dvi sabhra

[sambhra-dvaya] 2 types of meritorious collections

1 puyasabhra accumulation of merits 2 jnasabhra accumulation of wisdom dvi mahyna 2 great vehicles 1 prajpramityna perfection vehicle 2 mantrayna secret mantra vehicle [] [vajrayna] [adamantine vehicle] dvi siddhi 2 actual attainments 1

[] uttama siddhi supreme attainments

2 []

sdhraa siddhi common attainments dvi tmagrha 2 kinds of grasping at self 1 dvi pudgaltmagrha 2 kinds of grasping at the self of a person a sahaja pudgaltmagrha innate grasping at the self of a person b

parkalpita pudgaltmagrha

intellectual grasping at the self of a person

2 dvi dharmtmagrha 2 types of grasping at the self of a phenomenon

a sahaja dharmtmagrha innate grasping at the self of a phenomenon b

parikalpita dharmtmagrha

intellectual grasping at the self of a phenomenon

[]

dvi sampatti 2 types of meditative absorptions 1 nirodhasampatti absorption of cessation 2 naivasaj

nsajyatana absorption of lacking discrimination

dvi prameya 2 objects of knowledge


1 smnya generalities 2 viea particularities dvi prameya 2 objects of knowledge 1 smnyalakaa generally characterized phenomena 2 svalakaa self characterized phenomena dvi prameya 2 objects of knowledge 1 nitya permanent 2 anitya impermanent dvi cittotpda 2 kinds of bodhicitta 1 savticittotpda conventional bodhicitta 2 parrthacittotpda ultimate bodhicitta

[] dvi samhitajna 2 wisdoms of meditative

equipoise

1 nantaryamrga uninterrupted path 2 vimuktimrga path of release dvi cittotpda 2 kinds of bodhicitta 1 praidhnabodhicittotpd

a wishing bodhicitta

2 prasthnacittotpda committed bodhicitta dvi vijna 2 types of consciousness 1 hetuklavijna causal consciousness 2 kryaklavijna resultant consciousness dvi varaa 2 obstructions 1 klevaraa afflictive obstructions 2 jeyvaraa obstructions to knowledge of objects dvi satya 2 truths 1 paramrtha-satya ultimate truth 2 savti-satya conventional truth dvi anta 2 extremes 1 nitynta extreme of eternalism 2 ucchednta extreme of nihilism dvi anta 2 extremes 1 astianta extreme of existence 2 ananta extreme of non-existence tri samdhi 3 meditative stabilizations 1 nyat-samdhi emptiness meditative stabilization


2 animitta-samdhi signless meditative stabilization 3 apraihita-samdhi desireless meditative stabilization tri samdhi 3 meditative stabilizations 1

savitakkavicrasamdhi

meditative stabilization with signs and effort

2

avitakkavicramattasamdhi

meditation stabilization with signs but without effort

3

avitakkvicrasamdhi

meditation stabilization with neither signs nor effort

tri purua 3 types of person 1 adhamapurua beginner 2 madhyamapurua intermediate 3 uttamapurua advanced [] 3-membered proof; 3 parts

of a syllogism 1 pratij thesis; proposition 2 hetu sign; reason 3 udharaa example [] tri kla 3 periods; 3 times 1 atta past 2 adya present 3 angata future tri bhav 3 states of birth 1 maraabhava death state 2 antarbhava intermediate state 3 uppattibhava birth state tri bhav 3-fold place of existence 1 kmabhava places of desire 2 rpabhava places of form 3 arpabhava places of formless tri saskrakarma 3 types of karma formation 1 puya meritorious actions 2 apuya non-meritorious actions 3 nijya unfluctuating actions; invariable actions tividhena rpasagaho 3-fold compilation of form 1

sanidassanasappaigharpa

form seen and touched by sense-organs


2

anidassanasappaigharpa

form which cannot be seen, but can be touched by sense-organs

3 anidassana-appaigharpa

form which can neither be seen nor touched by sense-organs

trikya [kya-traya] 3 bodies of a buddha 1 dharmakya truth body a svabhvikakya nature body b jnadharmakya wisdom truth body 2 sambhogakya complete enjoyment body 3 nirmakya emanation body tri knti 3 types of patience

1

patience of not retaliating against someone who harms you

2 patience of willingly enduring sufferings 3 patience of discriminative awareness of the dharma tribhayni 3 destructions 1 agnibhaya destruction caused by fire 2 udakabhaya destruction caused by

water

3 vtabhaya destruction caused by wind tri vedan 3 feelings 1 sukha-vedan joyous feeling 2 dukha-vedan painful feeling 3

[] upek-vedan neutral feeling

tri vidy 3 insights

1 prva-nivsusmti insight into the mortal conditions of self and others in previous lives

2 cyuty-utpda-jna-sktkriya-vidy

knowledge of vanishing and reappearing of beings

3 srava-kaya-jna-skt-kriya-vidy nirva insight

, tri dinamitta mudra 3 seals of buddhist doctrine

1 sarvasaskranityata all products are impermanent 2

sarvadharmanyasv mika

all phenomena are empty and selfless

3 nirvanta nirvana is peace


[] tri pradhnamrga 3 principal aspects of the path 1 nisaraa renunciation 2 bodhicitta mind of enlightenment 3 sayakdi right view tridnni 3 types of giving 1 dravyadna giving material help 2 dharmadna giving dharma teachings 3 abhayadna giving protection from fear [] tri rpa 3 modes of reasoning 1 pakadharma property of the subject 2

[] anvayavypti subsequent pervasion

3 []

vyatirekavypti counter pervasion [] tri lakani 3 characteristics 1 parikalpita imputed phenomena 2 paratantra dependent phenomena 3 parinipanna ultimate phenomena tridhtu navabhmi 3 realms and 9 levels 1 kamdhtu desire realm

[] []

[nntva-ky nntva-sajina tad yathmanuy ekat ycadev]

[beings with different bodies and different thoughts]

2 rpadhtu form realm a

[] prathamadhyna first concentration

b []

dvityadhyna second concentration c

[] trityadhyna third concentration

d []

caturthadhyna fourth concentration 3 rpyadhtu formless realm

a knantya infinite space b vijnnantya infinite consciousness c akicanya nothingness d

[] bhavgra peak of cyclic existence

tri via 3 poisons 1 rga desire 2 krodha hatred; anger 3 moha ignorance tri savara 3 types of vows


1 prtimokasavara vows of individual liberation 2 bodhisattvasavara bodhisattva vows 3 mantrasavara secret mantra vows tri dukhat 3 sufferings 1 dukha dukhat suffering of pain 2 viprima dukhat suffering of change 3 saskra dukhat pervasive suffering tri ynni [tri-yna] 3 vehicles 1 rvakayna hearer's vehicle 2 pratyekabuddhayna solitary realizer's vehicle 3 bodhisattvayna bodhisattva's vehicle tri cry 3 teachers 1 upadhycrya preceptor 2 karmavccrya announcing-preceptor 3 anusancrya instructor tri indriya-vaimtrat 3 levels of intelligence 1 mdvindriya poor intellect 2 madhyendriya moderate intellect 3 tkendriya sharp intellect tri karmi 3 kinds of karma 1 da-dharma-vedanya-ka

rma karma bearing fruit in this present life

2 upapadya-vedanya-karma

karma bearing fruit in the next life

3

apara-pryya-vedanya-karma

karma bearing fruit in the distant future

tri viuddhibhmi 3 pure stages 1 aambhmi eighth stage 2 navambhmi ninth stage 3 daambhmi tenth stage tri jna 3 kinds of knowledge 1 sarvajna knowledge of bases 2 mrgajna knowledge of paths 3 vastujna omniscient mind tri pramni 3 awarenesses 1 pratyaka-prama direct valid cognizer 2 anumna-prama inferential valid cognizer 3 gama-prama authoritative valid cognizer tri sayojana 3 constant fetters 1 satkyadi view of the transitory collection as real I and mine 2

slavrataparmra

conception of [bad] ethics and modes of conduct as


supreme 3 vicikits doubt tri nisvabhvat 3 identityless phenomena 1 lakana nisvabhvat identitylessness of characteristics 2 utpatti nisvabhvat identitylessness of production 3 paramrtha

nisvabhvat identitylessness of ultimate phenomena

tri asasktdharm 3 uncompounded phenomena 1 ka space 2 pratisakhynirodha analytical cessation 3 apratisakhynirodha non-analytical cessation tri indriyi 3 uncontaminated sense powers 1

anaataassmitindriya

sense power of knowing all that is unknown

2 aindriya sense power of knowing all

3 atvindriya

sense power of that which has the quality of knowing all

tri nirva 3 nirvanas 1 svaeanirva nirvana with remainder 2 nirvaeanirva nirvana without remainder 3 apratihitanirva nirvana without abiding tri kualamla 3 root virtues 1

alobhakualamla

root of virtue devoid of desire

2 adveakualamla root of virtue devoid of hatred 3

amohakualamla

root of virtue devoid of ignorance

tri sugati 3 happy migrators; 3 happy migrations 1 deva gods 2 manuya humans 3 asura demigods tri ry 3 nobles 1 kyamuni buddha shkyamuni buddha 2 bhiajyaguru virya

prabha bhaisajyaguru buddha

3 amitbha amitbha buddha [] tri ry 3 nobles 1 amitbha buddha amitbha buddha 2 avalokitevara

bodhisattva avalokiteshvara bodhisattva


3 mahsthmaprpta bodhisattva

mahsthmaprpta bodhisattva

tri sapanna 3 excellent accomplishments 1 svrthasapanna accomplishment of one's own goals 2 parrthasapanna accomplishment of others' goals 3

dvavyrthasiddhiupyasapanna

accomplishment of the means for achieving both goals

[] tridurgati 3 bad migrators; 3 bad migrations 1 nraka hell beings 2 preta hungry ghosts 3 [] tiryc animals tri karmi 3 actions 1 sukhitakarma karma giving rise to happiness 2 dukhitakarma karma giving rise to suffering 3 upekakakarma karma giving rise to indifferent feelings tri karmi 3 actions 1 kyakarma physical actions 2 vkkarma verbal actions 3 manokarma mental actions tri karmi 3 actions 1 puyakarma virtuous karma 2 apuyakarma non-virtuous karma 3 acalakarma unfluctuating karma tri karmaphala 3 types of karmic effect 1 vipkaphala fruitional effect 2 niyandaphala causally concordant effect 3 adhipatiphala owned effect trivimokamukha 3 doors of liberation 1

nyatvimokamukha

liberation through emptiness

2 animittavimokamukha

liberation through signlessness

3 praihitavimokamukha

liberation through wishlessness

[] tri skandha 3 heaps 1 namavandana heap of prostration 2 deay heap of confession 3 anumoda heap of rejoicing


[] [parima] [dedication] trividhni lni 3 types of morality 1 duktasaavarala morality of abstention from misbehaviour 2 kualadhrmasagrahal

a morality of integrating virtues

3 sattvaktyala

morality of working for the welfare of other sentient beings

trikaka 3 times 1 prvnta past time 2 aparnta future time 3 madhynta present time tri nirmakya 3 emanation bodies of a buddha 1 ilpin nirmakya artisan emanation 2 janma nirmakya miscellaneous emanation 3 uttama nirmakya supreme emanation tri prtihryni 3 kinds of miracle 1

ddhiprtihrya miracle of body

2 anusanprtihrya miracle of mind

3 deanprtihrya miracle of speech

tri sayakhetu 3 correct reasons 1 kryahetu correct reason of effect 2 svabhvahetu correct reason of nature 3

[] anupalabdhihetu correct reason of non-cognition

tri hetuvbhsa 3 wrong reasons 1 asiddhahetu unestablished reason 2 viruddhahetu contradictory reason 3 anekntikahetu uncertain reason tri samdhi 3 meditative stabilizations 1

uragamasamdhi

meditative stabilization going like a hero

2 myopamasamdhi meditative stabilization like an illusion 3 vajropamasamdhi meditative stabilization like a vajra tri prameyabhva 3 objects of knowledge 1 pratyaka manifest phenomena 2 proka obscure phenomena


3 atiproka extremely obscure phenomena trikara 3 types of compassion 1

sattvlamban

compassion merely observing sentient beings

2 dharmlamban compassion observing the doctrine 3

anlambanlamban

compassion observing the lack of true existence

tri sattva 3 types of sattvas [beings] 1 samayasattva commitment being 2 jnasattva wisdom being 3 samdhisattva concentration being tri vidh praj 3 types of wisdom 1 ruta-maypraj wisdom acquired through

hearing

2 cint-may praj wisdom acquired through contemplation

3 bhvan-may praj wisdom acquired through meditation

tri ik 3 trainings 1

[] adhilaik training in higher discipline; ethics

2 []

;

adhicittaik; samdhiik

training in higher meditative stabilization

3 []

adhiprajik training in higher wisdom tripiaka 3 scriptural collections 1 sutrntapiaka sets of discourses 2 vinayapiaka sets of discipline 3 abhidharmapiaka sets of manifest knowledge tri dharmacakra 3 turnings of the wheel of dharma 1

[] [] prathama dharmacakra

the first turning of the wheel of dharma

2 []

[ ]

mdhya dharmacakra the second turning of the wheel of dharma

3 []

[ ]

antya dharmacakra the third turning of the wheel of dharma

triaraagamana 3 refuges 1 buddha araa

gacchmi taking the buddha as refuge

2 dharma araa gacchmi

taking the dharma as refuge


3 sagha araa gacchmi taking the sagha as refuge

triratnni [ratnatraya] 3 Jewels 1 buddha buddha, the fully enlightened one 2 dharma dharma, the teachings 3 sagha sangha, the holy

community catvri pratipak abala 4 opponent forces 1 raya-bala force of reliance 2 pratipaka-bala force of overcoming misdeeds through antidotes 3 viduaa-bala force of repentance 4 nivitti-bala force of not repeating the

misdeeds catvri siddhnta 4 tenets 1

[] vaibhika vaibhika

2 sautrntika sautrntika a

gama-anusrin

sautrntika sautrntika-follower of scripture

b

nyya-anusrin sautrntika

sautrntika-follower of reasoning

3 cittamtrin mind only school a

gama-anusrin

cittamtrin cittamtrin-follower of scripture

b

nyya-anusrin cittamtrin

cittamtrin-follower of reasoning

4 mdhyamika middle way school a

mdhyamika svtantrika mdhyamika svtantrika

b

mdhyamika prsagika mdhyamika prsagika; consequence school catvri dvpni 4 continents 1 Prvavideha East Continent; Great Body 2 Jambudvpa South Continent; Jambudvpa 3 Aparagodnya West Continent; Using Oxen 4 Uttarakuru North Continent; Unpleasant Sound catvri samdhi 4 meditative stabilizations 1

uragamasamdhi

meditative stabilization going as a hero

2 gaganagajasamdhi

meditative stabilization like a sky treasury

3 vimalasamdhi stainless meditative


stabilization

4

sihavijmbhi tasamdhi

meditative stabilization like a loftily looking lion

catur aniyata 4 changeable mental factors

1 middha sleep 2 kauktya regret 3 vitarka investigation 4 vicra analysis caturyoni 4 types of birth 1 jryuj birth from an egg 2 aaj birth from a womb 3 samsvedaj birth from heat and moisture 4 upapdukj miraculous birth caturprayogamrga 4 levels of the path of preparation [] [] [catvri nirvedha bhgya] [] [] [catvri kualamla] [4 good roots] 1 umagata heat 2 mrdhan peak 3 knti forbearance 4 laukikgryadharma supreme mundane qualities catvri samyakpraha 4 thorough abandonings

1 utpannn kualamln sarakaa

non-generation of afflictions not yet generated

2 utpannn akualn praha

abandoning of afflictions already generated

3 anutpannn samutpda

generation of pure phenomena not yet generated

4 anutpannn punarnutpda

increasing of pure phenomena already generated

catvro bhav 4 states of birth 1 antarbhava intermediate state 2 uppattibhava birth state 3 skinbhava live state 4 maraabhava death state aha ryapudgal 4 enterers and 4 abiders 1

[] rota-patti-pratipannaka enterer into the fruit of a stream-winner

2 []

rota panna stream-winner 3

[] sakdgmi-pratipannaka enterer into the fruit of a once-returner


4 []

sakd gmina abider in the fruit of a once-returner 5

[] angmi-pratipannaka enterer into the fruit of a never returner

6 []

ana gmina abider in the fruit of a never returner 7 arhat-pratipannaka enterer into the fruit of a

foe-destroyer

8 arhat abider in the fruit of a foe-destroyer [] caturkalp 4 intermediate aeons 1 vivarta-kalpa aeons of the formation 2 vivarta-siddha-kalpa aeons of its persistence 3 savarta-kalpa aeons of its dissolution 4 savarta-siddha-kalp a aeons of vacuity catvri brahminveda 4 vedas of brahmins 1 g-veda science of poetry 2 yajur-veda science of sacrifice 3 sma-veda science of aphorisms 4 atharva-veda science of administration catvri manaskra 4 mental engagements 1 balavhana forcible engagement 2

sacchidravhana interrupted engagement

3

nichidravhana uninterrupted engagement 4

anbhogovhana spontaneous engagement

catvri nyat 4 emptinesses 1 bhva nyat emptiness of a thing 2 abhva nyat emptiness of non-things 3 prakt nyat emptiness of nature 4

parabhva nyat emptiness of other-nature

catvri var 4 castes of Hintu society 1 [] brhmaa priest caste 2 [] katrya warrior caste 3 [] viya merchant caste 4

[] dra labourer caste

catvri pratisarani 4 reliances

1

artha-pratisaraena bhavitavya na vyajana-pratisaraena

relying on meaning and not on the expression


2

dharma-pratisaraena bhavitavya na pudgala-pratisaraena

relying on teachings and not on the person

3

jna-pratisaraena bhavitavyam na vij na-pratisaraena

relying on wisdom and not on an ordinary mind

4

ntrtha-stra-pratisaraena bhavitavya na neyrtha-stra-pr atisarae na

relying on definitive teachings and not on interpretive teachings

catvri updnni 4 compulsive acquisitions 1 rga compulsive acquisition of desire 2 di compulsive acquisition of view 3

lavataparmara

compulsive acquisition of regarding moral discipline and practices as superior

4 ahamdi compulsive acquisition of the view of self

, catvri dinamitta mudra 4 seals of buddhist doctrine

1 sarvasaskranityat all products are impermanent

2 sarvasstravadu khata

all contaminated things are miserable

3

sarvadharmanyasvmika

all phenomena are empty and selfless

4 nirvanta nirvana is peace catvri smtypasthna 4 mindful establishments 1 kya-smty-upasthna mindful establishments of body 2 vedan-smty-upasthna

mindful establishments of feelings

3 citta-smty-upasthna mindful establishments of thoughts 4 dharma-smtyupasthna mindful establishments of phenomena catvra ramaakraka

dharm 4 precepts of a monk

1 krutena na pratykrotarya

not to scold another although being scold

2 roitena na pratiroitvya not to become angry when incited to angry 3 bhaitena na

pratiroitvya not to reveal another's faults when he does so

4 titea na pratititavya

not to hit another in return when being hit

catvri samudacra 4 types of virtuous activity 1 nticra activity of peace 2 vipulacra activity of increase


3 bhgyacra activity of power 4 raudracra activity of force catvrihr 4 types of food 1 kavatikhr coarse food 2 sparhr food of touch 3 manasametanhr food of mental thought 4 vijnhrr food of consciousness catvra ddhipda 4 legs of manifestation; 4 legs of emanation 1 chanda leg of manifestation of aspiration 2 vrya leg of manifestation of effort 3 citta leg of manifestation of

thought

4 mms leg of manifestation of analysis

catur vidhacra 4 activities 1 gamana walking 2 vasana standing 3 nidana sitting 4 ayna sleeping catvri vykarani 4 methods of dealing with questions 1 ekavykaraa direct answer 2 vibhajyavykaraa discriminating answer 3

paripcchvykaraa questioning in return

4 sthpanyavykaraa silence catvri pratyakaprama 4 direct valid cognizers 1 indriya-pratyaka-pram

a sense direct valid cognizer

2 mnasa-pratyaka-prama mental direct valid cognizer

3 svasavedana-pratyaka-prama

self-knowing direct valid cognizer

4 yogi-pratyaka-prama yogic direct valid cognizer catvri tantra 4 classes of tantra 1 krya tantra action tantra 2 crya tantra performance tantra 3 yoga tantra yoga tantra 4 anuttarayoga highest yoga tantra catvra paraad 4 types of monastic community 1 [] bhiku monk 2

[] bhikun nun


3 [,]

upsaka layman 4

[,] upsik laywoman

catvri jnni 4 wisdoms 1 darajna mirror-like wisdom 2 samatajna wisdom of equality 3 pratyavekanjna wisdom of discrimination 4 ktynusthna jna wisdom of accomplishment

[] catvri arpasampatti 4 formless meditative absorptions

1 knantyyatana

meditative absorption of infinite space

2 vijnnantyyatana

meditative absorption of infinite consciousness

3 kicanyyatana meditative absorption of nothingness 4

[]

naivasajnsajyatana

meditative absorption of neither-discrimination-nor-non-discrimination [peak of cyclic existence]

catvraviradya 4 fearlessnesses

1

sarvadharmbhisambodhivairadya

fearlessness with respect to asserting that I am completely and perfectly enlightened with respect to all phenomena

2

sarvsravakayajnavairadya

fearlessness with respect toteaching that the afflictive obstructions and obstructions to omniscience are to be ceased

3

antaryikadharmnyathtvanicitavykaraavairadya

fearlessness with respect to teaching the paths of deliverance

4

sarvasampadadhigamya nairyikapratipattathatvavairadya

fearlessness with respect to teaching that the obstructions are to be ceased

catvri sasktadharma 4 uncompounded phenomena 1 ka space 2 apratisakhynirodha non-analytical cessation 3 pratisakhynirodha analytical cessation 4 tathat suchness catvraprama 4 immeasurables 1 maitraprama immeasurable love 2 karuprama immeasurable compassion


3 muditprama immeasurable joy 4 upekprama immeasurable equanimity catvripratisavid 4 perfect specific understandings 1 arthapratisavid specific perfect understanding of meaning 2 dharmapratisavid specific perfect

understanding of dharma

3 niruktipratisavid

specific perfect understanding of definitive words

4 pratibhnapratisavid

specific perfect understanding of confidence

catvri mudit 4 joys 1 mudit joy 2 pramudit great joy 3 vieamudit exalted joy 4 sahajamudit innate joy catvri ryasatya 4 noble truths 1 dukhasatya true sufferings 2 samudayasatya true origins of suffering 3 nirodhasatya true cessations of suffering 4 mrgasatya true paths out of suffering [] catvri karmi 4 actions 1

karma ka-vipka

black result due to black actions

2

karma ukla ukla-vipka

white result due to white actions

3

karma ka-ukla kna-ukla-vipka

black-white result due to black-white actions

4

karma akam auklaaknaukha-vipka karma karma-kayya savartati

lacking result and destroying the actions due to non-black and non-white actions

caturvidho vikalpa 4 conceptions 1 grhya-vikalpa conceptions of grasping at objects

a kleagrahyakalpa grasping at deluded phenomena b vyavadnagrahyakalpa grasping at purified phenomena

2 grhaka-vikalpa conceptions of grasping at the subject c dravyagrahakalpa grasping at substantial

phenomena d prajptigrahakalpa grasping at imputed


phenomena catvri aya 4 thought transformations 1 realizing the preciousness

of human birth

2 realizing the impermanence of life

3

realizing the faults of cyclic existence

4

realizing that pleasure and suffering result from good and bad actions, respectively

catvri dhra 4 doors of retention 1 kntidhra retention of patience 2 mantradhran retention of secret speech 3

[] vkya dhrani formula for retaining words

4 arthadhrani formula for retaining meaning [] catvri samdhi 4 meditative stabilizations

1 savedana loka-labdha-samdhi

meditative stabilization of achieving perception of emptiness

2 vddha-loka-samdhi meditative stabilization of the increase of the perception of emptiness

3 []

tattva-artha-eka-deapravia-samdhi

meditative stabilization which understands suchness one-sidedly

4 nantarya-samdhi uninterrupted meditative stabilization catvri amathlabana 4 objects of calm abiding meditation 1 vypylambana pervasive objects

a

savikalpakapratibimba analytical image

b

nirvikalpakapratibim non-analytical image

c vastvantlambana limits of phenomena d

ktynuna thorough achievement of the purpose

2 caritaviodhana-lambana

object for purifying behaviour

a [rga] [desire] [aubha] [ugliness] b [dvea] [hatred] [maitri] [love] c [moha] [obscuration]


[prattyasamutpda] [dependent-arising] d [mna] [pride] [dhtu] [division of constituents] e [vikalpa] [discursiveness] [npna] [inhalation and exhalation of the breath] 3 kaualylambana skilful objects a skandha aggregates b dhtu constituents c yatana sources d prattyasamutpda dependent-arising e sthnsthna appropriate and inappropriate 4

kleaviodhana-lambana

objects for purifying afflictions

catvarabhieka 4 initiations 1 kalabhieka vase initiation 2 guhybhieka secret initiation 3 prajjbhieka wisdom initiation 4 abdbhieka word initiation [] catvra gua 4 qualities 1 nitya permanence 2 sukha joy; bliss 3 tman personality 4 uddhi purity catvra pratyay 4 conditions 1 hetu pratyaya causal condition 2 samanantara pratyaya immediate condition 3 lambana pratyaya objective condition 4 adhipat pratyaya fundamental condition catvri dhyna 4 concentrations 1 prathamadhyna first concentration a vitarka investigation b vicra analysis c prti joy d sukha bliss e cittaikgrat mental one-pointedness 2 dvityadhyna second concentration a adhytmasamprasda internal clarity b prti joy c sukha bliss


d cittaikgrat mental one-pointedness 3 trityadhyna third concentration a upek equanimity b smti mindfulness c saprajanya introspection d sukha bliss e cittaikgrat mental one-pointedness 4 caturthadhyna fourth concentraion a upekpariuddha thoroughly pure equanimity b smtipariuddha thoroughly pure mindfulness c

adukhsukhavedan neutral feeling

d cittaikgrat mental one-pointedness [] cturanta 4 extremes 1 tmaja production from self 2 paraja production from others 3 ubhyaja production from both 4 akraaja production without causes catvri viparys 4 wrong thoughts 1 nitya to apprehend what is impermanent as permanent 2 prti to apperhend what is

miserable as happiness

3 suddhi

to apperhend what is impure as pure

4 tman

to apperhend what is selfless as having a self

catvri mr 4 devils 1 skandhamra evil of aggregates 2 kleamra evil of afflictions 3 mtyupatimra evil of death 4 devaputramra evil of the son of a god catvri sagraha-vastni 4 qualities making for amicable association 1 dna giving 2 priya-vdit affectionate speech 3 artha-cary conduct profitable to others 4 samnrthat cooperation with others to lead them into the truth paca-balni 5 forces 1 raddh force of faith 2 vrya force of enthusiastic perseverance


3 smti force of mindfulness 4 samdhi force of concentration 5 praj force of wisdom 5-membered proof; 5 parts of a syllogism 1 pratij thesis; proposition 2 hetu sign; reason 3 udharaa demonstration of the pervasion in an example 4 upanaya application 5 nigamana summary; conclusion paca jn 5 buddha families 1

[] vairocana vairocana

2 [] akobhya akshobhya 3 ratnasambhava ratnasambhava 4

[] amitbha amitbha

5 amoghasiddhi amoghasiddhi [] paca mantraparampar 5 stages of mantra vehicle 1 vkavivekita isolation of speech 2 cittavivekita isolation of mind 3 mykya illusory body 4 prabhsvara clear light 5 yuganadda unification paca lni 5 ethics; 5 precepts 1

[] prtightd virati not killing

2 []

a-dattdnd virati not stealing 3

[] kma-mithycrd virati

not indulging in sexual misconduct

4 []

mvdt prati virati not lying

5 madyapnavirati

not taking intoxicating drinks

[] paca pratisandhya 5 periods in womb 1 kalalam viscous foetus 2 arbudam oval-shaped foetus 3 pei hard fleshy foetus 4 ghana soft fleshy foetus 5 praakha 5 protuberances [] [] paca niyata 5 certainties of Sambhogakaya


1 sthna-niyata definite abode 2 kya-niyata definite body 3 kla-niyata definite time 4 dharma-niyata definite doctrine 5 pariadaniyata definite retinue

[] [] paca gua 5 qualities of desires

1 rpa visible form [as the quality of fire] 2 abda sound [as the quality of space] 3 gandha odor [as the quality of earth] 4 rasa taste [as the quality of water] 5 spraavya tangible object [as the

quality of wind]

paca viniyata 5 determining mental factors

1 chanda aspiration 2 adhimoka belief 3 smti mindfulness 4 [] samdhi stabilization 5 praj knowledge paca vidy 5 sciences 1 abdavidy linguistics 2

[] ilpa arts

3 cikits medicine 4 hetu logic and epistemology 5 adhytma inner science paca phala 5 effects 1 niyandaphala causally concordant effect 2 adhipatiphala owned effect 3 puruakraphala effect caused by persons 4 vipkaphala fruitional effect 5 visayogaphala cessational effect [] pacadharma 5 phenomena 1 nma name 2 lakya signs 3 vikalpana conceptualization 4 akalpanajna non-conceptual wisdom 5 tathat reality [] pacnastravaskandha 5 uncontaminated

aggregates 1 la moral discipline


2 samdhi concentration 3 praj wisdom 4 vimukti thorough liberation 5

vimuktijna

that which sees the wisdom of thorough liberation

[] pacavargya 5 good disciples 1 ajtakauinya ajnytakauinya 2

[] dasabala-ksyapa

[vpas] dasabala-ksyapa [vpas]

3 bhadrika bhadrika 4

[] mahnma mahnmas

5 []

avajit ashvajit

paca abhij 5 extraordinary knowledges; 5 clairvoyances

1 ddhividhijna knowledge of miracles 2 divyacaku knowledge of the divine eye 3 divyamrota knowledge of the divine ear 4

paracittajna knowledge of others' minds

5

prvanirvsnusmtijna memory of former lives

pacendriya 5 powers 1 raddh power of faith 2 vrya power of effort 3 smti power of mindfulness 4 samdhi power of meditative stabilization 5 praj power of wisdom paca mlavyu 5 principal winds 1 pravyu life supporting wind 2 apnavyu downward moving wind 3 udnavyu upward moving wind 4 smnavyu equally abiding wind 5 vypakavyu pervasive wind paca caki 5 eyes 1 ma-cakus fleshy eye 2 divya-cakus divine eye 3 praj-cakus wisdom eye 4 dharma-cakus dharma eye 5 buddha-cakus buddha's eye


[] paca mrga 5 paths 1 sabhramrga path of accumulation 2 prayogamrga path of preparation 3 daranamrga path of seeing 4 bhvanamrga path of meditation 5

[] aaikamrga path of no more learning

paca dnava 5 faults 1 kausdya laziness 2 avavda-sammoa forgetting the advice 3 , laya, auddhatya laxity and excitement 4 anabhisaskra non-application 5 abhisaskra [over]application paca sarvatraga 5 omnipresent mental factors 1 vedan feeling 2 saj discrimination 3 cetan intention 4 manaskra mental engagement 5 spara contact

[] paca smti

5 meditations; 5 objects for purifying behaviour

1 []

aubha ugliness 2 maitri love 3 prattyasamutpda dependent-arising 4 dhtu division of constituents 5

[] npna smti

inhalation and exhalation of the breath

[] paca uddhvsakyika 5 pure celestrial places 1 avha not great 2 atapas without pain 3 suda excellent appearance 4 sudarana excellent perception 5 akaniha not low paca-jnni 5 wisdoms 1 dharma-dhtu-viuddhi wisdom of the embodied nature of dharmadhtu 2 dara-jnam mirror-like wisdom 3 samat-jnam wisdom of equality 4 pratyaveka-jnam wisdom of discrimination 5

ktynusthna-jnam wisdom of accomplishment


pacnantaryi 5 boundless actions 1 pitagta killing one's father 2 mtagta killing one's mother 3 arhatgta killing an Arhat 4 saghabheda causing a schism within the

spiritual community

5

tathgatasyntike duticittardhirotpdanam

drawing blood from the body of a buddha with evil intention

pacordhvabhgya

5 higher bonds of desire still existing in the upper realms

1 rpatah desire of form realm 2 arpatah desire of formless realm 3 [] avidy ignorance 4 mna pride 5 auddhatya excitement pacvarabhgya 5 bonds in the lower desire-realms 1 rga desire 2 pratigha anger 3

[] satkyadi view of the transitory

collection as real I and mine

4 lavrataparmara

conception of [bad] ethics and modes of conduct as supreme

5 vicikits doubt paca pudgala 5 persons on the Hinayana paths 1 rotpanna stream winner; stream enterer 2 sakdgmin once returner 3 angmin never returner 4 arhan; arhat foe-destroyer 5 pratyekabuddha solitary realizer

paca vijnaskandhagotradharma

5 phenomena on the level of the aggregate of consciousness

1 eithty indicative minds 2 mind of radiant white

appearance

3 mind of radiant red increase

4 mind of radiant black near attainment

5 mind of the clear light of death paca-gotr 5 families


1

rvaka-ynbhisamaya-gotra hearer family

2

pratyekabuddhaynbhi-samaya-gotra solitary family

3

tathgataynbhisamaya-gotra tathgata family

4 aniyata-gotra indefinite family 5 a-gotraka definite family paca nvaraa 5 obstructions 1 kmacchanda aspiration to attributes of the desire realm 2 vypda harmfulness 3 stynamiddha lethargy and sleep 4 auddhatyakauktya excitement and contrition 5 vicikits doubt paca patti 5 downfalls 1 prjik defeats 2 saghvaea remainders 3 pyattik propelling downfalls 4

[] prtideanyni individual confessions

5 []

dukta faults [] paca jagati 5 migrators 1 deva gods 2 manuya human beings 3 nraka hell beings 4 preta hungry ghosts 5

[] tiryc animals

paca kay 5 dregs 1 dikaya degenerated views 2 kleakaya degenerated delusions 3 sattvakaya degenerated persons 4 yukaya degenerated lifespan 5 klpakaya degenerated time paca skandha 5 aggregates 1 rpaskandha form 2 vedanskandha feeling 3 sajskandha discrimination 4 saskraskandha compositional factors 5 vijnaskandha consciousness a bala 6 forces


1 ruta hearing 2 cint thinking 3 smti mindfulness 4 samprajanya introspection 5 vrya effort 6 paricaya familiarity

a kleamahbhmikdharma

6 bases of big afflictions

1 avidy ignorance 2 pramda non-conscientiousness 3 kaudya laziness 4 raddhya non-faith 5 styna lethargy 6 auddhatya excitement

[]

a klacakrautpannakramayognga

6 limbs of the completion stage practice according to the Kalachakra tantra

1 pratyhra collection 2 dhyn absorption 3 prayma wind control 4 grahaa retention 5 anusmti mindfulness 6 samdhi meditative stabilization [] a vaieikapadrtha 6 principles of the

particularists 1 dravya substance 2 gua quality 3 karma action 4 smnya generality 5 viea particularity 6 sagraha composition a hetava 6 types of causes 1 kraahetu acting cause 2 sahabhhetu simultaneously arising cause 3 vipkahetu ripening cause 4 saprayuktahetu concomitant cause 5 sarvatragahetu omnipresent cause 6 sambhgahetu equal-state cause a sams 6 methods of compounding 1

[] avyaybhva adverbial compounds

2 tatpurua dependent determinate


[] compounds 3

[] dvandva copulative or aggregative compounds

4 []

bahuvrhi relative or attributive compounds

5 []

karmadhraya descriptive determinate compounds 6

[] dvigu numeral determinate compounds

a vedanky 6 aggregates of feeling 1

cakusasparaj vedan

feeling produced through visual contact

2

rotrasasparaj vedan

feeling produced through olfactory contact

3

ghrasaaparaj vedan

feeling produced through aural contact

4

jihvsaaparaj vedan

feeling produced through gustatory contact

5

kyasaaparaj vedan

feeling produced through physical contact

6

manasasparaj vedan

feeling produced through mental contact

a ras 6 types of taste 1 tikta bitter 2 mla sour 3 madhura sweet 4 kauka hot 5 lavaa salty 6 kaya astringent [] a ndapdadharma 6 doctrines of Naropa 1 cadaliyoga yoga of psychic heat 2 mykyayoga yoga of illusory body 3 prabhsvarayoga yoga of clear light 4 sakrntiyoga yoga of consciousness transference 5 svapanayoga yoga of dreams 6 antarabhvayoga yoga of intermediate rebirth a pramita 6 perfections 1 dna giving 2 la ethics 3 knti patience 4 vrya effort 5 dhyna concentration


6 praj wisdom [] a dhtni [a bhta] 6 elements 1 pthivdhtu earth 2 apodhtu water 3 tejasdhtu fire 4 vyudhtu wind 5 kadhtu space 6 vijnadhtu consciousness [] a madhyadeanagara 6 cities of central India 1 rjagha rjagha 2

[] vaili vaishli

3 []

rvast shrvast 4 camp champaka 5 sketa sketa 6 vras varaasi []

[] a tarkavda

6 ancient Hindu schools of the non-buddhists

1 []

lokyatika lokyatas brhaspatya brhaspatya crvka hedonist 2 jaina follower of jina nirgrantha nirgrantha a digambara digambara b vetmbara shvetmbara 3

[] sakhya sakhya

kpila follower of kapila 4

[] mimsaka analyser

5 []

vaieika particularist kadaka follower of kada 6

[] naiyyika logician

akipdaka follower of akipda other schools vednta vedantins yogcra yogacara

[] vaiava vaishava


[]

ivara ishvara jvaka jvaka ajna agnosticism brhma brhmaas a cintanaskandha 6 aggregates of intention 1

cakusasparaj cetan

intention produced through visual contact

2 rotrasasparaj cetan

intention produced through aural contact

3

ghrasaaparaj cetan

intention produced through olfactory contact

4 jihvsaaparaj cetan

intention produced through gustatory contact

5 kyasaaparaj cetan

intention produced through physical contact

6

manasasparaj cetan

intention produced through mental contact

a abhij 6 extraordinary knowledges 1 ddhividhijnam knowledge of miracles 2 divyacaku knowledge of the divine eye 3 divyamrotam knowledge of the divine ear 4

paracittajnam

knowledge of others' thoughts

5

prvanirvsnusmtijnam

knowledge of recollecting past lives

6 ravakaya-jna knowledge of the extinction of contamination

[] a str 6 teachers of the non-buddhists 1

ajita-keakambala ajita-keshakambala [of

carvka]

2 nirgrantha jti-putra nirgrantha jnyti-putra [of jaina] 3 praa kyapa praa kshyapa [of

ajvaka] 4

maskr goaliputra maskr goshaliputra [of ajvaka]

5 kakuda ktyana kakuda ktyana [of ajvaka] 6

sajaya vairaiputra

sanyjaya vairaiputra [of ajna]

a indriya 6 senses 1 cakurindriya eye sense power 2 rotrendriya ear sense power


3 ghrendriya nose sense power 4 jihvendriya tongue sense power 5 kyendriya body sense power 6 manendriya mental sense power a mlaklea 6 root afflictions 1 rga desire 2 pratigha anger 3 mna pride 4 avidy ignorance 5 [] di afflicted view 6 vicikits doubt a kmadeva 6 classes of the gods in the desire realm 1 caturmahrjakyika four great kings 2 tryastris gods of the Thirty-three 3 ym gods of non-combat 4 tuita gods of Tushita 5 nirmarataya gods enjoying emanations 6 paranirmitavaavartina gods controlling other's emanations a alakra 6 ornaments 1 ngarjuna ngarjna 2 [] ryadeva ryadeva 3 asanga asanga 4 vasubandhu vasubandhu 5 dignga dignga 6 dharmakrt dharmakrt [] a asasktdharma 6 uncompounded

phenomena 1 ka space 2 pratisakhynirodha analytical cessation 3 apratisakhynirodha non-analytical cessation 4 nijya state of being unmoved by

pleasure or pain

5 sajvedayitanirodha

state without discrimination and feeling

6 tathat suchness a sa uppdetabb 6 discriminations 1 aniccasa discrimination of

impermanence 2 anicce dukkhasa discrimination of suffering 3 dhukkhe anattasa discrimination of selflessness 4 asubhasa discrimination of ugliness


5 maraasa discrimination of death 6

sabbaloke

anabhiratisa

discrimination of disaffection with everything worldly

a sajskandha 6 aggregates of discriminations 1

cakusasparaj saj

discrimination produced through visual contact

2

rotrasasparaj saj

discrimination produced through aural contact

3

ghrasasparaj saj

discrimination produced through olfactory contact

4 jihvsasparaj saj

discrimination produced through gustatory contact

5 kyasasparaj saj

discrimination produced through physical contact

6

manasasparaj saj

discrimination produced through mental contact

a savta 6 objects 1 rpa visible form 2 abda sound 3 gandha odor 4 rasa taste 5 spraavya tangible object 6 dharma phenomena a anusmtaya 6 recollections 1 buddhnussati recollection of buddha 2 dhammnussati recollection of dharma 3 saghnussati recollection of sangha 4 slnussati recollection of moral-discipline 5 cgnussati recollection of giving 6 devatnussati recollection of the deity [] a jagati 6 migrators 1 deva gods 2 manuya human beings 3 asura demigods 4 nraka hell beings 5 pret hungry ghosts 6

[] tiryk animals

a vijna 6 consciousnesses 1 cakuvi jna eye consciousness


2 rotravi jna ear consciousness 3 ghrnavijna nose consciousness 4 jihavijna tongue consciousness 5 kyavijna body consciousness 6 manovijna mental consciousness a spara 6 contacts 1 cakkhusamphasso contact through association with eye 2 sotasamphasso contact through association with ear 3 ghnasamphasso contact through association with nose 4 jihvsamphasso contact through association with tongue 5 kyasamphasso contact through association with body 6 manosamphasso contact through association with mind [] saptgapj 7 branch practices 1 namavandan prostration 2 pja offering 3 deay confession 4 anumoda rejoicing 5 samcodta requesting 6 prrthan supplication 7 parima dedication [] saptaga sabhukta 7 features of complete enjoyment body 1 sabhogaga complete enjoyment 2 sabhuktaga embracing each other 3 mahsukhaga great bliss 4 abhvaga non-inherent existence 5 samprakaruga completely pervaded by compassion 6 ancchedaga uninterrupted continuity 7 anirodhaga non-cessation sapta hetuphala upadea 7-fold quintessential instructions 1 mtrajna recognizing all sentient beings as mothers 2 parigrahasmtaya being mindful of their kindness 3 ktaja repaying their kindness 4 manajanamaitr heartwarming love 5 kara compassion 6 adhyaya resolute thought 7 bodhicitta motive of enlightenment


[] saptatkga 7-limbed topics 1 skandha aggregates 2 yatana sources of perception 3 dhtu sensory spheres 4 prattyasamudpda dependent arising 5 hra food 6 satya noble truth 7 bodhiaga limbs of enlightenment sapta bauddhaparad 7-fold followers 1 [] bhiku monk 2

[] bhiku nun

3 []

ikam probationary nun 4

[] rmaera novice monk

5 []

rmaerik novice nun 6

[,] upsaka layman

7 [,]

upsik laywoman

sapta bodhyagni 7 branches of enlightenment 1 smti sabodhyaga mindfulness 2 dharma pravicaya

sabodhyaga wisdom

3 vrya sabodhyaga effort 4 prti sabodhyaga joy 5 prarabdhi

sabodhyaga suppleness

6 samdhi sabodhyaga concentration

7 upek sabodhyaga equanimity saptryadhana 7 jewels of the Aryas 1 raddh-dhana faith 2 la-dhana moral discipline 3 hr-dhana shame 4 apatrpya-dhana embarrassment vrya-dhana effort 5 ruta-dhana hearing 6 tyga-dhana generosity 7 praj-dhana knowledge; wisdom sapta mna 7 prides 1 mna pride


2 mahmna exalted pride 3 mntimna exaggerated pride 4 asmimna egotistic pride 5 abhimna presumptuous pride 6 namana modest pride 7 mithymna perverted pride sapta manaskra 7 mental contemplations

1

lakaapratisavedmanaskra

mental contemplation of individual knowledge of the character

2 adhimokikamanaskra mental contemplation arisen from belief 3 prvivekyamanaskra mental contemplation of

thorough isolation

4 ratisagrhakamanaskra

mental contemplation of withdrawal or joy

5 mmsmanaskra mental contemplation of analysis

6 prayoganihamanaskra mental contemplation of final training 7

prayoganihaphalamana

skra mental contemplation that is the fruit of final training

sapta buddhividhi 7 awarenesses 1 pratyaka direct perceivers 2 anuma inferential cognizers 3 paricchinna-jana subsequent cognizers 4 manapark correctly assuming consciousnesses 5 aniyata-pratibhsa

awarenesses to which the object appears but is not acertained

6 sashaya doubting 7 viparyaya-jna wrong consciousnesses sapta ratna 7 treasures 1 suvaram gold 2 rpyam silver 3 viryam lapis lazuli 4 [] sphaikam crystal 5 muslagalva agate 6 lohita-muktik rubies 7 amagarbha cornelian [] saptaratna 7 precious objects 1 cakraratna precious wheel 2 mairatna precious jewel 3 mahiratna precious queen 4 mantrratna precious minister


5 hastiratna precious elephant 6 paramavaratna precious horse 7

[] senpatiratna precious general

aa upaputra 8 close disciples 1

[] majur manjushr

2 vajrapi vajrapi 3

[] avalokitevara avalokiteshvara

4 kitigarbha kitigarbha 5 sarvanvaraavis kambini sarvanivaraavis kambini 6 kagarbha kshagarbha 7 maitreya maitreya 8 samantabhadra samantabhadra aa aniyat 8 changeable mental

factors 1 vitarka investigation 2 vicra analysis 3 kauktya regret 4 middha sleep 5 rga desire 6 pratigha anger 7 mna pride 8 vicikits doubt [] aa vijna 8 consciousnesses 1 cakurvijna eye consciousness 2 rotravijna ear consciousness 3 ghravijna nose consciousness 4 jihvvijna tongue consciousness 5 kyavijna body consciousness 6 manovijna mental consciousness 7

[] kleavijna afflicted consciousness; mind afflicted with egoism

8 []

layavijna foundation consciousness; mind-basis-of-all [] aa lokadharm 8 worldly concerns 1 lbha gain 2 albha loss 3 ayaas disgrace 4 yaas fame 5 praas praise 6 nind blame


7 sukha happiness 8 dukha suffering [] aa tarkapadartha 8 topics of the logicians 1 pratyakasayak correct direct perception 2 pratyakbhsa wrong direct perception 3 anumnasayak correct inferential perception 4 anumnbhsa wrong inferential perception 5 sdhavcasayak correct argument 6 sdhvcbhsa wrong argument 7 daasayak correct refutation 8 dabhsa wrong refutation [] aa padrtha 8 topics of the Perfection of Wisdom Text 1 sarvajna omniscient mind 2 mrgajna knowledge of paths 3 vastujna knowledge of bases 4 sarvbhisabodha complete training of all aspects 5 mrdhaprayoga peak training 6 anuprvaprayoga serial training 7 kanikaprayoga momentary training 8 phaladharmakya resultant truth body aa dukhat 8 kinds of suffering 1 jti-dukha birth 2 jar-dukha old age 3 vydhi-dukha disease; sickness 4 maraa-dukha death 5

a-priya-saprayoga-dukha

association with the disliked

6 priya-viprayoga-dukha separation from the liked

7

yadapcchay paryeam-o na labhate tadapi dukha

not getting what one wishes

8

sakepea paco padna-skandha-dukha

in brief, 5 grasped aggregates are a source of suffering

aa buddhakrya 8 deeds 1 tuiteu cyuti tata descent from Tushita heaven 2 pratisadhi entering the womb of his mother 3 jti taking birth 4 pravrajita renunciation and ordination

as a monk 5 mrbhibhu defeating the host of


demons 6 abhisambudhyati attaining full enlightenment 7 dharma-cakra-pravartana

turning the wheel of doctrine

8 parinirvam passing into the state of peace

aa gatya 8 groups of gods and serpents

1 dev gods 2 ng serpents 3 yak demons 4 gandharv celestial musicians 5 [] asur demigods 6

[] garu mythical birds

7 [] kinnar mythical beings 8

[] mahorag large-bellied demons

abhisamaya 8 clear realizations 1 sarvajna omniscient mind 2 mrgajna knowledge of paths 3 vastujna knowledge of bases 4 sarvbhisabodha complete training of all aspects 5 mrdhaprayoga peak training 6 anuprvaprayoga serial training 7 kanikaprayoga momentary training 8 jnadharmakya wisdom truth body aau stanarak 8 cold hells 1 [] arbuda blistering 2

[] nirarbuda bursting blisters

3 []

aaa chattering 4 hahava ahoo hell 5 huhuva moaning 6

[] utpala split like an utpala

7 []

padma split like a lotus 8

[] mahpadma split like a great lotus

aa asasktdharm 8 uncompounded phenomena 1 kualadharma tathat suchness of virtuous phenomena


2 akualadharma tathat suchness of non-virtuous phenomena 3

avyktadharma tathat

suchness of un-recordable phenomena

4 ka space 5 apratisakhynirodha non-analytical cessation 6 pratisakhynirodha analytical cessation 7 nijya state of being unmoved by pleasure or pain 8 sajvedayitanirodha state without discrimination and feeling

avabhibhvyat anni

8 surpassing concentrations

1

adhytma-rpa-saj-bahirdh rpi payati parttni

imaging himself having form, he sees small external forms, and overcome them

2

adhytma-rpa-saj-bahirdh rpi payati mahadgatni

imagining himself having form, he sees large external forms, and overcome them

3

adhytmam-arpa-saj-bahirdh rpi payati parttni

imagining himself lacking form, he sees small external forms, and overcome them

4

adhytmam-arpa-saj-bahirdh rpi payati mahadgatni

imagining himself lacking form, he sees large external forms, and overcome them

5

adhytmam-arpa-saj-bahirdh rpi payati nlni

imagining himself lacking form, he sees external blue forms, and overcome them

6

adhytmam-arpa-saj-bahirdh rpi payati ptni

imagining himself lacking form, he sees external yellow forms, and overcome them

7

adhytmam-arpa-saj-bahirdh rpi payati lohitni

imagining himself lacking form, he sees external red forms, and overcome them

8

adhytmam-arpa-saj-bahirdh rpi payati avadtni

imagining himself lacking form, he sees external white forms, and overcome


them

[] avaka 8 non-conducive factors 1 narak birth as a hell being 2 tiryaca birth as an animal 3 pret birth as a hungry ghost 4 drghyuo birth as a long living god

5 ; pratyanta-janapada

birth in a barbaric land where the Buddha's doctrine does not exist

6 indriya-vikalya having incomplete sense faculties 7

[] mithy-darana holding wrong view

8 tathgatnm anutpda

birth in a land where Buddha's doctrine does not flourish

aau vimok 8 liberations; 8 emancipations 1

rp rpi payaty-aya prathamo vimoka

liberation of the embodied looking at a form

2

adhytmam arpasaj bahirdh rpi payaty-aya dvityo vimoka

liberation of the formless looking at a form

3

ubha vimoka kyena skktvopasapadya viharaty-aya ttyo vimoka

liberation through beautiful form

4

sa sarvao rpasamjn samatikramt pratigha-sajnm astagamn nntva-sajnm a-manasi-krd-anantam kam-ityknantyyatanam upasampadya viharaty-aya caturtho vimoka

liberation of infinite space

5

sa sarvaa knantyyatana samatikramynanta vijnamiti-vijnnantyyatanam upasampadya viharaty-aya pacamo vimoka

liberation of infinite consciousness

6

sa sarvao vijnnantyyatana samatikramya nsti kicidity-kicanyyatan

liberation of nothingness


am upasapadya viharaty-aya aho vimoka

7

sa sarvaa kicanyyatana samatikramya-niva-saj-nsajyatanam upasampadya viharaty-aya saptamo vimoka

liberation of the peak of existence

8

sa sarvao nivasajansajyatanam samatikramya saj-vedita-nirodha kyena-skt ktvopasapadya viharaty-aya aamo vimoka

liberation of equipoise of cessation

[]

aga-mrga-nmni 8 branches of the superior path 1 samyagdi correct view 2 samyaksakalpa correct realization 3 samyagvk correct speech 4 samyakkarmnta correct aims of actions 5 samyagjva correct livelihood 6 samyagvyyma correct effort; correct exertion 7 samyaksmti correct mindfulness 8 samyaksamdhi correct meditative stabilization

[] aa uanarak 8 hot hells

1 sajva reviving 2 klastra black line 3 saghta crushed together 4 raurava crying 5 mahraurava great crying 6 tpana hot 7 pratpana very hot 8 avci most torturous aa pratipaka 8 antidotes 1 chanda aspiration 2 vyyma effort; exertion 3 raddh faith 4 prasrabdhi pliancy 5 smti mindfulness 6 samprajanya introspection


7 cetan intention 8 upek equanimity aa lni 8 precepts of a one day vow holder 1 prtipta-virati not killing 2 adattdna-virati not stealing 3 a-brahma-cary-virati not indulging in sexual misconduct 4 mvda-virati not lying 5

[] madya-pna-virati

not taking intoxicating drinks

6

gandha-mlya-vilepanavaraka-dhraa-virati

not being dressed with flowers, perfumes and cosmetics

[] [gn ntak virati] [not singing and dancing] 7

ucca-ayana-mahayana-virati

not using high and luxurious seat or bed

8 vikla-bhojana-virati not taking a meal after noon aa vibhaktya 8 cases in grammar 1 nirdea nominative case 2 upadeana accusative case 3 kartkaraa instrumental case 4 sampradna dative case 5 apdna ablative case 6 svmivacana genitive case 7 sanidhnrtha locative case 8 mantraa vocative case nava cittasthita 9 mental abidings 1 cittasthpana setting the mind 2 samsthpana continuous setting 3 avasthpana resetting 4 upasthpana close setting 5 damana disciplining 6 amana pacifying 7 vyupaamana thorough pacifying 8 ekotkaraa making one-pointed 9 samdhna setting in equipoise

[]

navnuprvavihrasampatti 9 serial absorptions

1 catvri dhyna 4 concentrations 2 catvri rpasampatti 4 absorptions within the formless realm 3 nirodhasampatti meditative absorption of cessation


navpriyasaj 9 discriminations 1 vydhmtakasaj discrimination of the bloated corpse 2 vipuyakasaj discrimination of the worm-infested corpse 3 vilohitakasaj discrimination of the bleeding corpse 4 vinlakasaj discrimination of the livid corpse 5 vikhditakasaj discrimination of the gnawed corpse 6 vikiptakasaj discrimination of the scattered corpse 7 asthisaj discrimination of the skeleton 8 vidagdhakasaj discrimination of the corpse

being burnt

9 vipaumakasaj

discrimination of the festering corpse

[] nava tman 9 selves [inherently established] 1

[] svalakaa-siddhi existence by way of its own character

2 []

svabhva-siddhi inherent existence 3

[] savabhvat-siddhi existence through its own entitiness

4 []

satya-siddhi true establishment 5

[] samyak-siddhi exist as its own reality

6 []

paramrtha-siddhi ultimate existence 7

[] tattva-siddhi existence as its own

suchness 8

[] dravya-siddhi substantially established

9 []

svarpa-siddhi existence from its own side daa tathgatabala 10 forces of a buddha 1

sthnsthnajnabala

knowledge of sources and non-sources

2 karmavipkajnabala

knowledge of actions and their fruitions

3 nndhtujnabala

knowledge of the divisions of the eighteen constituents

4 nndhimuktijnabala

knowledge of varieties of inclinations


5

indriyaparparajnabala

knowledge of superior and non-superior faculties

6

sarvatragminpratipajjnabala

knowledge of the paths leading to all forms of cyclic existence and solitary peace

7

sarvadhynavimokasamdhisampattisakleavyavadnavyutthnajnabala

knowledge of the concentrations, liberations, meditative stabilizations, and meditative absorptions, and knowledge of others' afflictions and others' non-contamination

8

prvanivsnusmtijnabala

knowledge remembering earlier lives

9 cyutyupapattijnabala

knowledge of death, transmigration, and birth

10 sravakayajnabala knowledge of contaminations and their extinction

daa mahbhmika dharma

10 main bases of mental factors

1 vedan feeling 2 saj discrimination 3 cetan intention 4 spara contact 5 chanda aspiration 6 praj knowledge 7 smti mindfulness 8 manaskra mental engagement 9 adhimoka belief 10 samdhi stabilization daa mahrvak 10 principal disciples 1 riputra shriputra 2 mudgalyyana mudgalyyana 3 kyapa kshyapa 4 a-niruddha a-niruddha 5 subhti subhti 6 pramityya pramityya 7 mahktyyana mahktyyana 8 upli upli 9 rhula rhula 10 nanda nanda daa kualamahbhmik

dharma 10 bases of big virtuous mental factors

1 raddh faith


2 apramda conscientiousness 3 prasrabdhi pliancy 4 upek equanimity 5 hr shame 6 apatrpya embarrassment 7 alobha non-attachment 8 advea non-hatred 9 avihis non-harmfulness 10 vrya effort daa parttakleabhmik

dharma 10 bases of small afflictions

1 krodha belligerence 2 mraka concealment 3 mtsarya miserliness 4 iry jealousy 5 prad spite 6 vihis harmfulness 7 upanha resentment 8 hya dissimulation 9 my deceit 10 mada haughtiness daa dini 10 directions 1 prv east 2 daki south 3 pacima west 4 uttara north 5 prva-daki south-east 6 dakia-pacim south-west 7 pacimottar north-west 8 uttara-prv north-east 9 adha downward direction 10 rdhvam upward direction dakuala-karma-ptha 10 non-virtues 1 prtightd killing 2

[] a-dattdnd stealing

3 []

kma-mithycrd indulging in sexual misconduct 4

[] mvdt lying

5 []

pruyt harsh speech 6 piunyt divisive speech


[] 7

[] , sabhinna-pralpt senseless talk

8 abhidhyy covetousness 9 vypdt harmful intent 10 mithy-de wrong view daasamat 10 samenesses 1 asvabhva lacking truly existence features 2 alakana lacking truly existence signs and marks 3 ajti lacking production from four extremes 4 ajtaka being unproduced 5 ny being empty 6

adhiudda being primordially pure

7 niprapanca lacking conceptual elaboration 8

anupadeyheya not being objects of

cultivation and elimination 9

svapana-my-pratibhsa-candrachapa-pratibimba-nirmaopama

being like a dream, hallucination, shadow, moon in the water, reflection and emanation

10

bhvatbhavata being a thing or non-thing

[] [] daa bhmaya 10 grounds of three vehicles 1 ukla-vidaran-bhmi pure seeing ground 2 gotra-bhmi family ground 3 aamaka-bhmi the eighth ground 4 darana-bhmi seeing ground 5 tanu-bhmi diminishment ground 6 vta-rga-bhmi ground free from attachment 7 ktv-bhmi ground understanding deeds 8 pratyekabuddha-bhmi ground of Solitary Realizer 9 bodhisattva-bhmi bodhisattva ground 10 buddha-bhmi buddha ground [] [] daa bhmaya 10 bodhisattva grounds of great vehicle 1 pramuditbhmi very joyful ground 2 vimalbhmi stainless ground 3 prabhkaribhmi luminous ground 4 arcimatbhmi radiant ground


5 sudurjaybhmi ground difficult to overcome 6 abhimukhbhmi approaching ground 7 dragamabhmi ground gone afar 8 acalbhmi immovable ground 9 sdhumatbhmi ground of good intelligence10 dharmameghbhmi ground of dharma cloud daa dharmacary 10 dharma trainings 1 lekhan writing 2 pjana worshipping 3 danam generosity 4 ravaam hearing dharma 5 vcanam reading 6 udgraham memorizing 7 prakan preaching 8 svadhyynam recitation 9 cintan contemplation 10 bhvan meditation daa dharmadhtu 10 spheres of dharma 1 buddha buddha 2 bodhisattva bodhisattva 3

[] prateyakabuddha solitary realizer

4 ravaka hearer 5 deva gods 6 manuya human beings 7

[] asura demigods

8 naraka hell beings 9 pret hungry ghosts 10

[] tiryk animals

daa pramit 10 perfections 1 dna giving 2 la morality 3 knti patience 4 vrya effort 5 dhyna concentration 6 praj wisdom 7

upaya means

8 praidhna aspirational 9 bala power


10 jna primordial wisdom daa mlakle 10 root afflictions 1 rga desire 2 pratigha anger 3 mna pride 4 avidy ignorance 5 vicikits doubt 6

[] [] satkyadi view of the transitory collection as real I and mine

7 antagrhadi view holding to an extreme 8 diparmara conception of a [bad] view as supreme 9

lavrataparmara

conception of [bad] ethics and modes of conduct as supreme

10 mithydi perverse view daa ktsnyatanni 10 totally pervasive concentrations 1 pthiv-ktsnyatanam total pervasion of earth 2 ap-ktsnyatanam total pervasion of water 3 tejas-ktsnyatanam total pervasion of fire 4 vyu-ktsnyatanam total pervasion of wind 5 nla-ktsnyatanam total pervasion of blue 6 pta-ktsnyatanam total pervasion of yellow 7 lohita-ktsnyatanam total pervasion of red 8 avadta-ktsnyatanam total pervasion of white 9 ka-ktsnyatanam total pervasion of space 10

vijna-ktsnyatanam

total pervasion of consciousness

daa jna 10 awarenesses 1 dukhajna knowledge of sufferings 2 samudaysjna knowledge of the origin of all sufferings 3 nirodhajna knowledge of cessation 4 mrgajna knowledge of the path 5 kayajna knowledge of exhaustion 6 anutpdajna knowledge of non-production 7 dharmajna knowledge of dharma 8 anvayajna subsequent knowledge 9 savtijna knowledge of conventional phenomena 10 paracittajna knowledge of other's mind daa upam 10 examples of illusory nature


1 [] my an illusion 2 [] svapna a dream 3 marci a mirage; a hallucination 4 [] darpaabiba shadow 5 kha pupam a sky-flower 6 [] pratibibam a reflection in a mirror 7 pratiabda an echo 8

[] gandharvanagaram city of smell-eaters

9 [] indrajla a magic play 10 jalacandra a reflection of the moon in the water daa

paramrtha-paryy 10 synonyms of ultimate truth

1 dharma-dhtu space of reality 2 tattvam thatness 3 avitatht non-fallacy 4 dharma-niymat unchangeability 5 daasamat sameness 6 nyat emptiness 7 dharma-sthitit dharma continuity 8 bhta-koi ultimate extreme 9 tatht suchness 10 a-cintya-dhtu unthinkable space; inconceivable space daa kuala karma patha 10 virtues 1

[] prtightd virati not killing

2 []

a-dattdnd virati not stealing 3

[] kma-mithycrd virati

not indulging in sexual misconduct

4 []

mvdt prativirati not lying 5

[] pruyt prativirati not using harsh words

6 []

piunyt prativirati not slandering 7

[]

sabhinna-pralpt prativirati not indulging in idle gossip

8 abhidhyy prativirati not being covetous 9 vypdt prativirati not harming others 10

[] mithy-de prativirati not holding wrong view

daa aaika dharma 10 qualities belonging to


the adepts

1 aaika samyagdi right understanding as held by the adepts 2

aaika samyaksakalpa

right thought as held by the adepts

3 aaika samyagvk right speech as held by the adepts 4 aaika samyakkarmnta right activities as held by the adepts 5

aaika samyagjva

right livelihood as held by the adepts

6 aaika samyagvyyma

right effort as held by the adepts

7 aaika samyaksmti

right mindfulness as held by the adepts

8 aaika samyaksamdhi

right meditative stabilization as held by the adepts

9 aaika samyaksvimukti

right emancipation as held by the adepts

10 aaika sammyaksjna

right insight as held by the adepts

daa sa uppdetabb 10 discriminations 1 aniccasa discrimination of impermanence 2 anicce dukkhasa discrimination of suffering 3 dhukkhe anattasa discrimination of

selflessness 4 asubhasa discrimination of ugliness 5 maraasa discrimination of death 6

sabbaloke

anabhiratisa

discrimination of disaffection with everything worldly

7 hre paiklasa discrimination of revulsion from nutriment 8 pahnasa discrimination of elimination 9 virgasa discriminaiton of dispassionateness 10 nirodhasa discrimination of cessation []

daaharagua tathgata 10 synonyms of tathgata

1 tathgata tathgata 2 arhat arhat 3

[] samyak-sabuddha perfect in enlightenment

4 []

vidy-caraa-sapanna perfect in knowledge and behaviour


5 sugata well-gone 6 loka-vid knower of the worlds 7

[] anuttara the surpassed

8 []

purua-damya-srathi supreme trainer

9 st-deva-manuyn teachers of gods and men 10 buddha the fully enlightened one

[] bhagavn bhagavan

jina the winner loka-jyeha lord of the world daa anussati 10 recollections 1 buddhnussati recollection of Buddha 2 dhammnussati recollection of Dharma 3 saghnussati recollection of Sangha 4 slnussati recollection of

moral-discipline 5 cgnussati recollection of giving 6 devatnussati recollection of the deity 7

upassamnussati

recollection of the moment of breath

8 []

npna-sati recollection of birth 9 maraa-sati recollection of death 10 kya-gat-sati recollection of the form of the body [] ekdaa rpi 11 forms 1 cakurindriya eye sense 2 rotrendriya ear sense 3 ghrendriya nose sense 4 jihvendriya tongue sense 5 kyendriya body sense 6 rpa visible form 7 abda sound 8 gandha odor 9 rasa taste 10 spraavya tangible object 11

avijaptirpa non-revelatory forms

ekdaa kuala 11 virtuous mental factors 1 raddh faith 2 hr shame


3 apatrpya embarrassment 4 alobha non-attachment 5 advea non-hatred 6 amoha non-ignorance 7 [] vrya effort 8 [] prasrabdhi pliancy 9 apramda conscientiousness 10 upek equanimity 11 avihis non-harmfulness

[] dvdaaga

dharmapravacanni 12 scriptural categories

1 stram discourses 2 []

[] geyam intermediate verses

3 [] vykaraam prophetic teachings 4 []

[] gth verses; songs

5 [] udnam specific teachings; purposeful statements 6 []

[] nidnam introductory teachings

7 [] []

avadnam parables; hagiography 8 []

[] itivttakam legends

9 [] []

jtakam life stories; birth stories

10 [] vipulyam grand scriptural teachings; vast texts 11

[] adbhta-dharma marvellous teachings; miraculous qualities

12 [] []

upadea finalized teachings; delineations

[] dvdaabuddhakrya 12 deeds

1 tuiteu cyuti tata descent from Tushita heaven 2 pratisadhi entering the womb of his mother 3 jti taking birth 4

ilpasthnni kaualam

displaying his skill in the worldly arts

5 kemakara

enjoyments with the women of the harem

6 pravrajita renunciation and ordination as a monk 7 dukara-cary practising arduous


discipline

8 bodhima opasa meditating under the Bodhi tree 9 mrbhibhu defeating the host of demons 10 abhisambudhyati attaining full enlightenment11 dharma-cakra-pravartana

m turning the wheel of doctrine

12 parinirvam passing into the state of peace [] dvdaa yatana 12 sources 1 cakurindriya eye sense power 2 rotrendriya ear sense power 3 ghrendriya nose sense power 4 jivhendriya tongue sense power 5 kyendriya body sense power 6 manendriya mental sense power 7 rpa visible form 8 abda sound 9 gandha odor 10 rasa taste 11 spraavya tangible object 12 dharma yatana phenomenon-source a

avijaptirpa non-revelatory forms

b vedanskandha feeling c sajskandha discrimination d saskraskandha compositional factors e tri asasktdharm 3 uncompounded

phenomena

dvdaa upam 12 examples of illusory nature 1 [] my an illusion 2 [] svapna a dream 3 marci a mirage; a hallucination 4 [] darpaabiba shadow 5 [] pratibibam a reflection in a mirror 6 pratiabda an echo 7

[] gandharvanagaram city of smell-eaters

8 [] indrajla a magic play 9 jalacandra a reflection of the moon in the water 10 indraraga a rainbow 11 vidyuta a bolt of lightning


12 budbud a water bubble dvdaagaprattyasamu

dpda 12 branches of dependent-arising

1 avidy ignorance 2 karma action 3 vijna consciousness 4 nmarpa name and form 5 ayatana 6 sources 6 spara contact 7 vedan feeling 8 t attachment 9 updna grasping 10 bhava existence 11 jti birth 12 jarmarana aging and death dvdaa dhutagu 12 ascetic practices 1 puklika wearing robes made of rags 2 tricvarika wearing the three dharma

robes

3 nmtika wearing robes made only of wool

4 piaptika subsisting on alms 5 iksanika eating one's food in one sitting 6 khalu pacd bhaktika

not accepting food after having risen from one's seat

7 rayaka dwelling in a hermitage 8 vka-mlika dwelling at the foot of a tree 9 bhyavakik dwelling in an open and unsheltered place 10 mnika dwelling in cemetries 11 niadika remaining in the sitting

posture

12 yth-sastarika sleeping wherever one may happen to be

trayodaa trthaktma-paryy

13 selves of the non-buddhists

1 tm tm 2 sattva sattva 3 jva jva 4 jantu jantu 5 poa poa 6 purua purua 7 pudgala pudgala


8 manuja manuja 9 mnava mnava 10 kraka kraka 11 vedaka vedaka 12 jnaka jnaka 13 payaka pashyaka

[] caturdaa cittaviprayuktasaskra

dharma

14 non-associated compositional factors

1 prpti acquisition 2 aprpti non-acquisition 3 nikyasabhgata similarity of type 4 sajika one having no discrimination 5 asajisampatti absorption without discrimination 6 nirodha

常用汉藏梵英佛学术语

Documents