计算机原理

3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.1 3.2

1 n ALU

3.1

D op S

3.1.1:

3.1.1XYF0X Y+1X Y +2 X Y+3 X Y 0 ~ 3 163.1 16

3.1.1(1) A0A0

3.1.1(2)1 A1A1

3.1.1(3) AAB ABA(Mask)

3.1.1(3) AAB

B0A

11011101

A

(

11110000

B

11010000

A

_979382604.unknown

_979382920.unknown

_979383053.unknown

_979383121.unknown

_979383148.unknown

_979383184.unknown

_979383096.unknown

_979383012.unknown

_979382697.unknown

_979382773.unknown

_979382668.unknown

_979382113.unknown

_979382537.unknown

_979382572.unknown

_979382509.unknown

_979381891.unknown

_979381961.unknown

_979381807.unknown

3.1.1(4) AAB ABA1 (Selective Set)(Insert)(Packing)

3.1.1(4) 11AA0A3A51

10011100

A

(

00101001

B

10111101

A

_979382604.unknown

_979382920.unknown

_979383053.unknown

_979383121.unknown

_979383148.unknown

_979383184.unknown

_979383096.unknown

_979383012.unknown

_979382697.unknown

_979382773.unknown

_979382668.unknown

_979382113.unknown

_979382537.unknown

_979382572.unknown

_979382509.unknown

_979381891.unknown

_979381961.unknown

_979381807.unknown

3.1.1(4) A4A4A4

3.1.1 A4A4A4

3.1.1(5) AA BABA(Compare)(Selective-Complement)

3.1.1(5) AA2A3A6A7

B10

10100101

A

(

11001100

B

01101001

A(A(B

3.1.1(5) 00

0

10101010

A

(

10101010

B

00000000

PA(A(B

_979382604.unknown

_979382920.unknown

_979383053.unknown

_979383121.unknown

_979383148.unknown

_979383184.unknown

_979383096.unknown

_979383012.unknown

_979382697.unknown

_979382773.unknown

_979382668.unknown

_979382113.unknown

_979382537.unknown

_979382572.unknown

_979382509.unknown

_979381891.unknown

_979381961.unknown

_979381807.unknown

3.1.1(5)

10101010

A

10101010

B

11111111

PA(A ( B

3.1.2127 0

3.1.210SHR A SHL A

3.1.2A

3.1.2 1()ASCIIYOU2121A

A0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

A( R1

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1

7

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

A(R2

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1

7

1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

A(R3

1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1

_979382604.unknown

_979382920.unknown

_979383053.unknown

_979383121.unknown

_979383148.unknown

_979383184.unknown

_979383096.unknown

_979383012.unknown

_979382697.unknown

_979382773.unknown

_979382668.unknown

_979382113.unknown

_979382537.unknown

_979382572.unknown

_979382509.unknown

_979381891.unknown

_979381961.unknown

_979381807.unknown

3.1.22 CIR A CIL A

3.1.2A

3.1.2:A

3.1.2ABAAAABBn

AB

3.1.23 ASHR A ASHL A2(1/2)2

3.1.230A

3.1.2310A

3.1.232

3.1.232x= -1011000[x]=10101000x x = -1011000 [x]= 10101000x = -0101100[x]= 11010100x = -0010110[x]= 11101010

3.1.232

3.1.232x= -0010110[x]=11101010 x x = -0010110 [x]= 111010102x = -0101100[2x]= 110101004x = -1011000[4x]= 10101000

3.1.2320

3.1.232

3.1.232

1001

3.1.2320

3.1.233

3.1.233x= -1011000[x]=10100111x x = -1011000 [x]= 10100111x = -0101100[x]= 11010011x = -0010110[x]= 11101001

3.1.233

3.1.233x= -0010110[x]=11101001 x x = -0010110 [x]= 111010012x = -0101100[2x]= 110100114x = -1011000[4x]= 10100111

3.1.2331

3.1.233

3.1.233

10 01

3.1.233

3.1.31 AABABA

3.1.32 AAAA AA1A1A

3.1.323.1

_987789492.doc

A4

T

A3

T

A2

T

A1

T

+

+

+

+

CP

=0

P

A4

A3

A2

A1

3.1.33 AA-BABAAA+B+1

3.1.34AA+1A1AAAA-1A1AA

3.2 ALU

3.2 ()ALU

3.2.1()1()[A]=AS.A1A2An[B]=BS.B1B2Bn[C]=[AB]=CS.C1C2CnC=[A][B]=0.A1A2An+0.B1B2Bn =CS.C1C2Cn

3.2.1()

3.2.1()()()(As=Bs)+()(AsBs)= ()(AsBs)+()(AsBs)C=|A|+|B|[C]=As C=As C1C2Cn

3.2.1()()|A|+|B||A|+[-|B|]: (|A|+|B|)(Cs=1)(As=0): (|A|+|B|)(Cs=1)(As=1)1

3.2.1()1()()+0-0

3.2.1()2()()[A + B][A] + [B] (mod2) (3.3)[A - B][A] + [-B] (mod2) (3.4) [A + B][A] + [B] (mod4) (3.5)[A - B][A] + [-B] (mod4) (3.6)

3.2.1()()0110

3.2.1()()+0-0

3.2.1()A=0.1011 B= - 0.1110[A+B][A]=00.1011[B]=11.0010 A=0.1011 B= - 0.0010 [A-B][A]=00.1011 [-B]=00.0010

3.2.1() A= - 0.1101 B= - 0.1010 [A+B][A]=11.0011, [B]=11.0110 A=0.1101 B= - 0.1010[A-B][A]=00.1101, [-B]=00.1010

3()()[A ] = [A] + 2nmod 2n+1[A + B] = [A] + [B]mod 2n+1[A B] = [A] + [B]mod 2n+1102 A[A]01 A[A]00 3.2.1()

3.2.1()10111011

A = 1011B = 1110[A + B] [A] = 01.1011[B] = 11.0010 A = 1011B = 0010[A B][A] = 01.1011[B] = 00.00103.2.1()

A = 1101B = 1010[A + B][A] = 00.0011[B] = 11.0110 A = 1101B = 1010[A B][A] = 01.1101[B] = 00.10103.2.1()

3.2.2 AiBiCi-1Si CiCi-13

3.2.2 1

AiBiSiCi0000011010101101

3.2.2 13

3.2.2 2 Si=Ai Bi Ci -1 (3.14) Ci = Ai Bi + (Ai Bi) Ci -1 (3.15) Si=(AiBi)Ci-1 (3.16) Ci= Ai + Bi + (Ai Bi)Ci-1 (3.17)

3.2.2 2(a) (b) 3.2

+

Ci

Si

Ai

Bi

Ci-1

EMBED Equation.3

EMBED Equation.3

_983095190.unknown

Ci-1

Bi

Ai

Si

Ci

+

+

EMBED Equation.3

EMBED Equation.3

EMBED Equation.3

_983095190.unknown

3.2.2 3

3.2.2 n nnnnn

3.2.2 Carry Link

3.2.2 AiBi=1Cout =1CinAi + Bi=1Cout =1Cin

CinAiBiCout00000010010001111000101111011111

CinAiBiCoutX000Cin01CinCin10CinX111

3.2.2 Ci = Gi + PiCi-1(3.18) Ci=AiBi+ (Ai + Bi)Ci-1Gi=AiBi Pi =Ai +Bi PiCi-1

1OnOn3.2.2

23.2.2 On2Olog n)

23.2.2

3.2.2 n(4/8)

33.2.2

3.2.2 C4,

C1=G1+P1C0

C2=G2+P2G1+P2P1C0

C3=G3+P3G2+P3P2G1+P3P2P1C0

C4=G4+P4G3+P4P3G2+P4P3P2G1+P4P3P2P1C0

C5=G5+P5C4

C6=G6+P6G5+P6P5C4

C7=G7+P7G6+P7P6G5+P7P6P5C4

C8=G8+P8G7+P8P7G6+P8P7P6G5+P8P7P6P5C4

43.2.2

3.2.2 GI PI GIG4+P4G3+P4P3G2+P4P3P2G1PIP4P3P2P1

3.2.2 CI = GI+PIC0CII = GII+PIIGI+PIIPIC0CIII = GIII+PIIIGII+PIIIPIIGI+PIIIPIIPIC0CIV = GIV+PIVGIII+PIVPIIIGII+PIVPIIIPIIGI+PIVPIIIPIIPIC0

3.2.2 CI = C4CII = C8CIII = C12CIV = C16GII PIICII = GII+PIIGI+PIIPIC0 = GII+PIIC4 = C8GII=G8+P8G7+P8P7G6+P8P7P6G5PII=P8P7P6P5

3.2.3ALUALUALUALUSN741814ALUSN74182ALUSN74181SN74182

3.2.3ALU1ALU 3.4 ALU

_987790990.doc

EMBED Equation.3

o

+

o

+

o

o

o

S3

Ai

S2

Bi

S1

S0

M

Ci-1

Xi

Yi

Fi

EMBED Equation.3

_983095190.unknown

3.2.3ALUALU12M=0Ci-1M=1Ci-1

3.2.3ALUALU34S3S2S1S0AiBiXiPi=Ai+BiYiGi=AiBi

3.2.3ALU3.3 SiXiYi PiGi

S3 S2

Xi

S1 S0

Yi

0 0

1

0 0

Ai

0 1

Ai+Bi

0 1

AiBi

1 0

Ai+Bi

1 0

AiBi

1 1

Ai

1 1

0

3.2.3 ALU24SN74181SN74181

3.2.3ALU24SN74181

SN74181

3.2.3ALU24SN74181

3.4 SN74181

3.2.3ALU4SN741814ALUAiBiMS3S04.CnCn+4GPCn+4GPSN74182 SN74181()

3.2.3ALU3ALUSN74181Cn+4Cn

C0

3.2.3ALU3ALUSN7418274181741827418274181

3.2.3ALU3ALU 3.9 16ALU

_996922893.doc

74181

74181

74181

74181

C0

A16-13 B16-13

A12-9 B12-9

A8-5 B8-5

A4-1 B4-1

74182

PG C PG C PG C PG

P

Q

16-13

12-9

8-5

4-1

3.2.4 438421(BCD)

1164

416

44

114c1=c0P00+G00c2=c0P01P00+P01G00+G01c3=c0P02P01P00+P02P01G00+P02G01+G02c4=c0P03P02P01P00+P03P02P01G00+P03P02G01+P03G02+G03

1ALU 216c4=c0P10+G10c8=c0P11P10+P11G10+G11c12=c0P12P11P10+P12P11G10+P12G11+G12c16=c0P13P12P11P10+P13P12P11G10+P13P12G11+P13G12+G13

1ALU364c16=c0P20+G20c32=c0P21P20+P21G20+G21c48=c0P22P21P20+P22P21G20+P22G21+G22c63=c0P23P22P21P20+P23P22P21G20+P23P22G21+P23G22+G23

ALU7418174182

3.3Booth

3.3.1[A]=AS.A1A2An[B]=BS.B1B2Bn[C]=CS.C1C2Cn

Cs=AsBs[C]=Cs.[(0.A1A2An)(0.B1B2Bn)]

3.3.1A= 0.1101 B= 0.1011 A*B 0.1101 0.1011M1=A*B4 1101M2=A*B3 1101M3=A*B2 0000M4=A*B11101 0.10001111 n n2n

3.3.1AB=A(0.1011)=0.1A+0.00A+0.001A+0.0001A=2-1{A+ 2-1[0+ 2-1(A+ 2-1(A+0) ) ] }P1P2P3P4P0=0P1=2-1(A+P0)P2=2-1(A+P1)P3=2-1(0+P2)P4=2-1(A+P3)= ABnn+1n

3.3.1A*B=C=(00).10001111 A= 0.1101 B= 0.1011B4

P0

00000

1

0

1

1

+)

01101

01101

P1

(1

00110

1

1

0

1

+)

01101

10011

P2

(1

01001

1

1

1

0

P3

(1

00100

1

1

1

1

+)

01101

10001

P4

(1

01000

1

1

1

1

3.3.1P00P1=2-1(P0+BnA)P2=2-1(P1+Bn-1A)Pi=2-1(Pi-1+Bn-i+1A)Pn=2-1(Pn+B1A)=ABC=(A0B0) . Pn

3.3.1

AC

MQ

DR

I/O

I/O

I/O

IR

XR

ID

M

MAR

AR

PC

CP

TSG

3.3.1AABB P0Cnt 0/nT10.P1~n+Bn0.A1~nP1~n 0~n-1 ASHR B1~nB1n Cnt 1T 0

BoothBooth 3.3.2

3.3.2[A]=A01 A02.A1A2An[B]=B0.B1B2Bn[C]=C0.C1C2Cn

Booth BB0 B

3.3.2[A]B0 [AB]=[A][B][P0]0[P1]=2-1([P0]+Bn[A]) [Pi]=2-1([Pi-1]+Bn-i+1[A])[Pn]=2-1([Pn-1]+B1[A])

AB[B]=[B] + 2mod 2[B]=1.B1B2Bn -2 = 0.B1B2Bn-1[AB]=[A(0.B1B2Bn)-A] =[A(0.B1B2Bn)]+[-A] =[A](0.B1B2Bn) +[-A] =[A]([B])+[-A]3.3.2

[AB]=[C]=[A](0B1B2Bn)+[-A] B0[C]=[A] (B12-1+B22-2+B n2-n) - [A]B0 =[A][-B0+(B1-B12-1)+ (B22-1-B22-2)++(Bn2-(n-1)-Bn2-n)] =[A][(B1-B0)20+ (B2-B1)2-1++(Bn+1-Bn)2-n]Bn+10[C]=[A](B1-B0)+2-1{[A](B2-B1)+2-1{[A](B3-B2)+2-1[+2-1{[A](Bn+1-Bn)+0} }}3.3.2

[P0]0[P1]=2-1{[P0]+(Bn+1-Bn)[A]}[P2]=2-1[{[P1]+(Bn-Bn-1)[A]}[Pi]=2-1{[Pi-1]+(Bn-i+2-Bn-i+1)[A]}[Pn]=2-1{[Pn-1]+(B2-B1)[A]}[C]=[Pn+1] =[Pn] +(B1-B0)[A]3.3.2

Booth 3.3.2

(Bn,Bn+1)[Pi+1]=0 00 11 01 12-1[Pi]2-1{Pi}+[A]}2-1{[Pi]+[-A]}2-1[Pi]1+,1-,11[A][-A]

BoothBn+1 0BnBn+13.8(0)01Boothn+1n+13.3.2

A = 0.101B = - 0.011[A*B][A*B]=1.110001BBn

Bn+1

[P0]

00000

1.

1

0

1

0

+[-A]

11011

11011

[P1]

(1

11101

1

1.

1

0

1

+[A]

00101

00010

[P2]

(1

00001

0

1

1.

1

0

+[-A]

11011

11100

[P3]

(1

11110

0

0

1

1.

1

[P4]

(1

0

0

0

1

1.

A = - 0.011 B = 0.101[A*B][A*B]=1.110001Bn

Bn+1

[P0]

00000

0

1

0

1

0

+[-A]

00011

00011

[P1]

(1

00001

1

0

1

0

1

+[A]

11101

11110

[P2]

(1

11111

0

1

0

1

0

+[-A]

00011

00010

[P3]

(1

00001

0

0

1

0

1

+[A]

11101

11110

[P4]

(1

0

0

0

1

0

A= -1 B=0.101[A*B][A*B]=1.011000Bn

Bn+1

[P0]

00000

0

1

0

1

0

+[-A]

01000

01000

[P1]

(1

00100

0

0

1

0

1

+[A]

11000

11100

[P2]

(1

11110

0

0

0

1

0

+[-A]

01000

00110

[P3]

(1

00011

0

0

0

0

1

+[A]

11000

(1

0

0

0

0

0

[P4]

11011

0

0

0

0

0

A= - 1 B= - 1 [A*B][AB]=[C] =01.000000 +1(-1)(-1)Bn

Bn+1

[P0]

00000

1

0

0

0

0

[P1]

(1

00000

0

1

0

0

0

[P2]

(1

00000

0

0

1

0

0

[P3]

(1

00000

0

0

0

1

0

[P4]

+[-A]

01000

01000

(1

0

0

0

0

1

n+1n+2

BoothA[A]B[B] P0, Cnt x0/n+1Bn+1=0Tx1Pi+1 i P01 01 P02 02(Pi i )SHR BB0n Cnt x1Cnt x n+1Tx 03.3.2

3.3.3nn+1

3.3.31[Pi][Pi+1]=2-1([Pi] + (Bn-i+1 - Bn-i)[A]) 1[Pi+2]=2-1([Pi+1] + (Bn-i - Bn-i-1)[A])2[Pi+2][Pi+1][Pi]

3.3.31[Pi+2]= 2-1([Pi+1] + (Bn-i - Bn-i-1)[A])= 2-1(2-1([Pi] + (Bn-i+1 - Bn-i)[A]) + (Bn-i - Bn-i-1)[A])= 2-2([Pi] + (Bn-i+1 - Bn-i)[A] + 2(Bn-i - Bn-i-1)[A])= 2-2([Pi] + (Bn-i+1 + Bn-i - 2Bn-i-1)[A])

3.3.3[B]Bn+1

Bn-1

Bn

Bn+1

[Pi+2]

[Pi]

0

0

0

1/4[Pi]

(2

0

0

1

1/4{[Pi]+[A]}

[A](2

0

1

0

1/4{[Pi]+[A]}

[A](2

0

1

1

1/4{[Pi]+[2A]}

2[A](2

1

0

0

1/4{[Pi]+[-2A]}

2[A](2

1

0

1

1/4{[Pi]+[-A]}

[A](2

1

1

0

1/4{[Pi]+[-A]}

[A](2

1

1

1

1/4[Pi]

(2

3.3.3BoothBn+10n+1BoothBn+10

3.3.3nn/2+13.10n(n+1)/23.11

3.3.3A= -1i+1Bn-1BnBn+1=100[Pi][Pi] = 000.XX ... X, [Pi+1]= 2-2(000.XX ... X +[-2A]) = 2-2(000.XX ... X + 010.000 ... 0)= 2-2 * 010. XX ... XA33

3.3.3 A=0.111111B=-0.111001[AB][A]=000.111111[-A]=111.000001 [2A]=001.111110[B]=11.000111

[AB]=1.000111111001 BnBn-1A=0.111111B=-0.111001B

Bn+1

[P0]

000000000

1

1

0

0

0

1

1

1

0

+[-A]

111000001

111000001

[P1]

(2

111110000

0

1

1

1

0

0

0

1

1

+[2A]

001111110

001101110

[P2]

(2

000011011

1

0

0

1

1

1

0

0

0

[P3]

(2

000000110

1

1

1

0

0

1

1

1

0

+[-A]

111000001

[P4]

111000111

(2

1

1

1

1

1

0

0

1

1

3.3.3 A= - 1 B= - 0.11001[AB]: [A]=111.00000[-A]=001.00000[2A]=110.00000[-2A]=010.00000[B]=1.00111

[AB]=0.1100100000A= - 1 B= - 0.11001B

Bn+1

[P0]

00000000

1

0

0

1

1

1

0

+[-A]

00100000

00100000

[P1]

(2

00001000

0

0

1

0

0

1

1

+2[A]

11000000

11001000

[P2]

(2

11110010

0

0

0

0

1

0

0

+2[-A]

01000000

00110010

[P3]

(1

00011001

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

(1

1

0

0

0

0

0

1

3.3.3 A= - 1B= - 1[AB][A]=111.000[-A]=001.000[-2A]=010.000[B]=1.000

3.3.3[AB]=01.000000=+1A= - 1B= - 1

Bn+1

[P0]

000000

1

0

0

0

0

[P1]

(2

000000

0

0

1

0

0

+[-2A]

010000

010000

[P2]

(1

001000

0

0

0

1

0

(1

0

0

0

0

1

3.3.3[+A][+2A]

Nn+1/2 n+1/2+1

3.3.3BoothA[A],B[B],P0,Cnt x0/n+1/2,Bn+1=0, Tx1Pi+2 i (Pi+1 i )SHR2 BB0n 1 B1n Cnt x1Cnt x n+1/2Tx 0

3.3.3A38416

3.3.32 X1,0 X1,1 ... X1,m-1 X2,0 X2,1 ... X2,m-1 ................................... +) Xk,0 Xk,1 ... Xk,m-1 S0 S1 ... Sm-1

3.3.3(1)__Cp Sp

3.3.33m

CSA

3.3.3

nCpSpS = Sp0 Sp1 ... Spm-1 + 2 * Cp0 Cp1 ... Cpm-1

3.3.3 CSAX1 + X2 + X3 = (SpI , CpI)CSA SpI +2CpI + X4 = (SpII, CpII)CPASpII + 2CpII = S = X1 + X2 + X3 + X4

CSACPA

_1236586775.doc

CSA

CSA

A1B1C1

D1

S1

CPA

S2

D2

A2B2C2

CSA

CSA

S3

D3

A3B3C3

CSA

CSA

S8

D8

A8B8C8

CSA

CSA

S7

D7

A7B7C7

CSA

CSA

(((

_1237636270.doc

CSA

CSA

A1B1C1

D1

S1

CPA

S2

D2

A2B2C2

CSA

CSA

S3

D3

A3B3C3

CSA

CSA

S8

D8

A8B8C8

CSA

CSA

S7

D7

A7B7C7

CSA

CSA

(((

_1237636348.doc

CSA

CSA

A1B1C1

D1

S1

CPA

S2

D2

A2B2C2

CSA

CSA

S3

D3

A3B3C3

CSA

CSA

S8

D8

A8B8C8

CSA

CSA

S7

D7

A7B7C7

CSA

CSA

(((

_1237636100.doc

CSA

CSA

A1B1C1

D1

S1

CPA

S2

D2

A2B2C2

CSA

CSA

S3

D3

A3B3C3

CSA

CSA

S8

D8

A8B8C8

CSA

CSA

S7

D7

A7B7C7

CSA

CSA

(((

_996926941.doc

CSA

CSA

A1B1C1

D1

S1

CPA

S2

D2

A2B2C2

CSA

CSA

S3

D3

A3B3C3

CSA

CSA

S8

D8

A8B8C8

CSA

CSA

S7

D7

A7B7C7

CSA

CSA

(((

3.3.3mm-2CSAmSpCpSp2CpCPA

3.3.3(2)__3

CSACPA63CSA4CSA

_1003520623.doc

22

21

21

21

CPA

20

20

20

A1B1C1

CSA3

CSA0

21

D1E1F1

CSA2

CSA1

A2B2C2

CSA7

CSA4

22

D2E2F2

CSA6

CSA5

21

21

21

22

22

22

23

_1237637180.doc

22

21

21

21

CPA

20

20

20

A1B1C1

CSA3

CSA0

21

D1E1F1

CSA2

CSA1

A2B2C2

CSA7

CSA4

22

D2E2F2

CSA6

CSA5

21

21

21

22

22

22

23

_1237797071.doc

22

21

21

21

CPA

20

20

20

A1B1C1

CSA3

CSA0

21

D1E1F1

CSA2

CSA1

A2B2C2

CSA7

CSA4

22

D2E2F2

CSA6

CSA5

21

21

21

22

22

22

23

_996949225.doc

22

21

21

21

CPA

20

20

20

A1B1C1

CSA7

CSA4

21

D1E1F1

CSA6

CSA5

A2B2C2

CSA7

CSA4

22

D2E2F2

CSA6

CSA5

21

21

21

22

22

22

23

3.3.3 (3)__ 4

CSACPA

3.3.3nn(n-1)2(n-1)

3.4BoothBooth

3.4.110

3.4.1 A=0.1001, B=0.1011, C, R 0.11010.1011 0.10010 R0=A - 0.01011 -2-1B 0.001110 R1 - 0.001011 -2-2B 0.0000110 R2 0.00001100 R3 - 0.00001011 -2-4B 0.00000001 R4- 0.0001011-2-3 B

3.4.1|A|

3.4.1 [A]=A0.A1A2...An[B]=B0.B1B2...Bn[C]=C0.C1C2...Cn[R]=r0.r1r2...rn[A]=[C] * [B] + [R]*2-n1/2

3.4.1C0=A0B0|A|/|B|(|A|

3.4.1RiRi

3.4.1Ri>0Ri+1Ri+1 = 2Ri - |B|Ri

3.4.1(|A|

3.4.1A=- 0.1001 B=0.1011[A/B] |[A]|=0.1001|[B]|=0.1011[-|B|]=1.0101 C0=A0B0=1

001001 0.0000+[|B|] 110101 111110 R01 111100 1 0.0000+|B| 001011 000111 R11 001110 10.0001+[|B|] 110101 000011 R21 000110 10.0011+[|B|] 110101 111011 R31 110110 10.0110+|B| 001011 000001 R4 10.1101[C]=C0+|[C]|=1.1101[R4]=A0+|[R4]|=1.0001[R4]=A0+2-4|[R4]|=1.00000001

n+1C1C0

3.4.21

3.4.211 0 1010

3.4.2|A|

3.4.2[Ri][Ri] [Ri1]

3.4.210n+13.14

3.4.22BoothBooth

3.4.210

3.4.200A000C0=0 [Rn]+[B]AC0=1 [Rn]+[-B]A

3.4.2[Rn] 012-n

3.4.2 1()[Ri]=00

3.4.2[C]= 0.C1C2Ci-11000 ()[C]= 1.C1C2Ci-11000 () [C]=0.C1C2Ci-11000[C][C]=1.C1C2Ci-11000

3.4.2(B0=0)[Ri]=0(A01=B0)1[Ri+1]=2[Ri]+[-B]=[-B][Ri+1]0[Ri+2]=2[Ri+1]+ [B]=2 [-B]+ [B]= [-B] [Ri+2]00 10

3.4.2(B0=1)[Ri]=0[Ri]0 [Ri+1]=2[Ri]+[B]=[B][Ri+1]1[Ri+2]=2[Ri+1]+[-B]=[B][Ri+2]11012-n

3.4.22-n2-n 1 nnn+11 01 n+2Cn+11C0. C1 C2 Cn2-nCn+10C0. C1 C2 Cn

A=0.1001 B=0.1101[C] [2-4R4]C0=0R01=B0C0=0 [C]=0.1011 [2-4R4]=0.00012-4

[R0]

001001

A01=B0

0

0

0

0

0

(1

010010

0

0

0

0

1

(1)

[-B]

110011

[R1]

000101

01=B0

(1

001010

0

0

0

1

1

(2)

[-B]

110011

[R2]

111101

01B0

(1

111010

0

0

1

1

0

(3)

[B]

001101

[R3]

000111

01=B0

(1

001110

0

1

1

0

1

(4)

[-B]

110011

[R4]

000001

01=B0

(5)

(0

000001

(1

1

1

0

1

1

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

0

1

0

1

1

A= -0.1001 B=0.1101[C][2-4R4]C0=1R01B0[2-4R4] = 1.11112-4C0=1[C]=1.0100+0.0001=1.0101

[R0]

110111

A01B0

0

0

0

0

0

(1

101110

0

0

0

0

0

(1)

[B]

001101

[R1]

111011

01B0

(1

110110

0

0

0

0

0

(2)

[B]

001101

[R2]

000011

01=B0

(1

000110

0

0

0

0

1

(3)

[-B]

110011

[R3]

111001

01B0

(1

110010

0

0

0

1

0

(4)

[B]

001101

[R4]

111111

01B0

(5)

(0

111111

(1

0

0

1

0

0

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

1

0

1

0

0

Boothnn+2

1|A| > |B| A = 0.1101B = 0.1001[C] [24R4] [A] = 00.1101[B] = 00.1001B0 = 0[B] = 11.0111

01 02[ R1]

2 [A] = [B] A = 0.1010B = 0.1010[C] [24R4][A] = 00.1010[B] = 00.1010B0 = 0[B] = 11.0110

[R1]001010

[R1]= [B] [ R1]

3.4.3nn

3.4.3 1001.0711233 1234321 1233 0001321 1233 008800 8631 01690 1233 045701

3.4.3 1AB 0A

3.4.3 1r0BBr0=1-

3.4.3 13.16

Bi

Ai

ri

1

B1=B0r0=1-(

A1=A0r0=A0/B0(1-()

r1=2-B1=1+(

i=0

=(

2

B2=B1r1=1-(2

A2=A1r1=A0/B0(1-(2)

r2=2-B2=1+(2

i=1

=(2

3

B3=B2r2=1-(4

A3=A2r2=A0/B0(1-(4)

r3=2-B3=1+(4

i=2

=(4

4

B4=B3r3=1-(8

A4=A3r3=A0/B0(1-(8)

r4=2-B4=1+(8

i=3

=(8

n

Bn=Bn-1rn-1=1-

An=An-1rn-1=A0/B0(1-

)

rn=2-Bn=1+

i=2n-1

_989010620.unknown

_989010658.unknown

_989010667.unknown

_989010688.unknown

_989010632.unknown

_989010564.unknown

3.4.3 Br0rinrn-1An-1nAn = An-1 rn-1n(1- 2n-1 )

1 m=6 A0=A B0=BBr0 (3.21)::A1=A0 r0=A0/B0(1-)=A0/B0(1-2-6)B1=B0 r0=1-=1-2-6r1=[-B1]=1+=1+2-6 :A2 = A1 r1 = A0/B0(1-2-12)B2 = B1 r1 = 1-2-12r2 = 1+2-12

1 m=6A0=A B0=B Br0 ::A3 = A2 r2 = A0/B0(1-2-24)B3 = B2 r2 = 1-2-24r3 = 1+2-24 :A4 = A3 r3 = A0/B0(1-2-48) :Q = A4 = Ar0r1r2r3B4 = B3 r3 = 1-2-48 = Br0r1r2r3

1 m=6A0=AB0=BBr0

Q = Q- Q2-481-2-62-122-242-48r0B - r0

3.4.321CAS

_989013860.doc

(

Bi

Si

Ci

Ci-1

Ai

Bi

P

P

(

_989013346.unknown

_989013349.unknown

_989013350.unknown

_989013421.unknown

_989013347.unknown

_989013344.unknown

_989013345.unknown

_989013343.unknown

3.4.31CASAiBiCi-1()PSi()CiP=0A+BP=1A+ B

3.4.32A=0.A1A2A3A4A5A6B=0.B1B2B3Q=0.Q1Q2Q3R=0.00r3r4r5r6

_992002201.doc

r3

R=

r4

P1=1

r5

r6

A4

A5

A6

C

Q0=0

Q1

Q2

Q3

0

A2

0

CAS

CAS

CAS

CAS

CAS

CAS

CAS

CAS

CAS

CAS

CAS

CAS

CAS

CAS

CAS

CAS

A1

A3

B1

B2

B3

_989014011.unknown

_989014016.unknown

_989014020.unknown

_989014023.unknown

_989014025.unknown

_989014026.unknown

_989014024.unknown

_989014022.unknown

_989014018.unknown

_989014019.unknown

_989014017.unknown

_989014013.unknown

_989014014.unknown

_989014012.unknown

_989014006.unknown

_989014008.unknown

_989014010.unknown

_989014007.unknown

_989014004.unknown

_989014005.unknown

_989014003.unknown

_1205671403.doc

r3

R=

r4

P1=1

r5

r6

A4

A5

A6

C

Q0=0

Q1

Q2

Q3

0

A2

0

CAS

CAS

CAS

CAS

CAS

CAS

CAS

CAS

CAS

CAS

CAS

CAS

CAS

CAS

CAS

CAS

A1

A3

B1

B2

B3

_989014011.unknown

_989014016.unknown

_989014020.unknown

_989014023.unknown

_989014025.unknown

_989014026.unknown

_989014024.unknown

_989014022.unknown

_989014018.unknown

_989014019.unknown

_989014017.unknown

_989014013.unknown

_989014014.unknown

_989014012.unknown

_989014006.unknown

_989014008.unknown

_989014010.unknown

_989014007.unknown

_989014004.unknown

_989014005.unknown

_989014003.unknown

MRE

EM

Normalize |M|1 |M|>1 11 |M| 110.001100111 10 1010.110011100 10 01101.01100111 10 1010.101100111 10 110

3.500.1()11.0()-1/211.1()

3.5.1()A = MA10EA B = MB10EBEAEBMA + MB

3.5.1()

3.5.1()()

3.5.1() A=0.11011001B=-(0.1010)1011[A]=00 01 , 00.1101 [B]=00 11 , 11.0110[E] =[EA]-[EB]=00 01+11 01=11 10E =-2[A]=00 11 00.0011

3.5.1()[A]=00 11 00.0011[B]=00 11 , 11.0110[MA]+[MB]=00.0011+11.0110=11.1001[A+B] =00 1111.1001

3.5.1()1/2MM-1M=11.0XXXM[-1/2]=11.10...0[-1]=11.0001

3.5.1()1 01.XXX 10.XXX 111

3.5.1()4[A+B] =00 1111.100111[A+B]=00 1011.0010

3.5.1()n2-n

3.5.1() 01011()1

3.5.1() 11101(0)1()()()()1

3.5.1()1 A= 0.101010-01B= -(0. 0001)1001[A]=11 11 , 00. 1010 [B]=00 01 , 11. 1111[E] =[EA]-[EB]=11 11+11 11=11 10[A]=00 01 00.0010

3.5.1()[MA]+[MB]=00.0010+11. 1111 =00.0001[A+B] =00 0100.000133 [A+B]=11 1000.10001 [A+B]=11 1000.1001

3.5.1()2 A=2-4(-5/16) B=2-6(11/16) 5(2)6(2)AB0 [A]=1110011.1011; [B]=1101000.1011 [E]=[EA]-[EB]=[EA]+[-EB]=11100+00110=00010[E]=2,EAEB2 [B]2 [B]=1110000.0010

3.5.1()[MC]=[MA+MB]=[MA]+[MB]=11.1011+00.0010=11.1101[A+B] =11 10011.1101 22 [A+B]=1101011.0100 01[A+B]=1101011.0101

1Sn Ep15Cf48

A = 0.1011,B = 0.1110[A + B] [A] = 00.1011[B] = 11.0001 A = 0.1011,B = 0.0010[A + B][A] = 00.1011[B] = 11.1101()

1()()()

T202N1 NSUNOpenSPARC T2

SUNOpenSPARC T2

SUNOpenSPARC T2 Trap

T2FPX6FX1FX5FB

3.5.2A = MA10EAB = MB10EBAB =(MAMB)10EA+EB

3.5.2()

3.5.211

3.5.201

3.5.2A=-12-128B=-12-1AB=[A]=11 000000011.000[B]=11 111111111.00010 1111111(-129)01.000(+1)1 11 0000000 (-128)00.100(10)

3.5.2A=0.52-128B=0.52-128AB=[A]=11 000000000.100[B]=11 000000000.10010 0000000 (-256)00.010()00.10 10 0000000+11 1111111(-1)=01 1111111

3.5.2 RES :RES RE0 . RE1RE2RE3RE4RE5RE6RE7ESE0 . E1E2E3E4E5E6E7RES=1ESE0 RES(ESE0) 0

3.5.2A=0.52+127B=0.52+1AB=[A]=00 111111100.100[B]=00 000000100.10001 0000000 (+128) 00.01001 0000000101 000000011 111111100 1111111

3.5.2A=-12+127B=-1 2+127AB=[A]=00 111111111.000[B]=00 111111111.00001 1111110(+254)01.000(+1)1 01 1111111 (+256)00.100

3.5.2 RES (ESE0) ESE0-257 RES (ESE0)

3.5.21 1/41 [-1] 01(01.00)0101

3.5.2A=-0.7502-32B=0.625 2+64A B=[A]=11 110000011.010[B]=00 100000000.101 AB000 010000011.100010 [A B]= 00 001111111.0001005[A B]= 00 001111111.001

3.5.2A = MA10EAB = MB 10EBA/B =(MA MB) 10EA-EB

3.5.2MA

3.5.2MAMB=MA0=0 MA>MBMAEA+1MA00 MA

3.5.21 >MA/MB MA

3.5.201 10nn

3.5.2A=(5/8)2-32B=(1/2) 2+64[C][r][A]=11 110000000.101[B]=00 100000000.100AB0 MAMB [A]=11 110000100. 01011 0100001 [MA MB]= 00 . 100 [C]=11 010000100. 100 [Mr]=00.0003[r]=11 101111000.000

3.6ALU/ALU/

3.6.1(a) (b)+1+1

_996957375.doc

(((

(((

ALU

R0

R0-1

(((

R0-1

R0-1

R0

R0

_1237297382.doc

(((

(((

ALU

R0

Rn-1

(((

Rn-1

Rn-1

R0

R0

_1237297476.doc

ALU

R0

(((

Rn-1

_1237296864.doc

(((

(((

ALU

R0

R0-1

(((

Rn-1

Rn-1

R0

R0

_996957359.doc

ALU

R0

(((

Rn-1

3.6.11/ALUALUSN74181SN74182ALU

3.6.12

3.6.13/ALU ALU ALU

3.6.14ALU

3.6.15CPU

3.6.15

_996958643.doc

A

B

ALU

3.6.15

_996958567.doc

1

ALU

2

3.6.15

_996959126.doc

1

ALU

2

3

3.6.15

1: 413101641

_997018567.doc

ALU

01

10

11

00

01

10

11

01

10

11

00

01

10

11

R0

R1

R2

R3

R0

R1

R2

R3

R0

R1

R2

R3

S0~S3

B2S0

B2S1

A2S0

A2S1

A1S0

A1S1

YS0

YS1

B1S0

B1S1

LDR0

LDR1

LDR2

LDR3

AR

DR

PC

IR

Cy

_1064174711.doc

ALU

01

10

11

00

01

10

11

01

10

11

00

01

10

11

R0

R1

R2

R3

R0

R1

R2

R3

R0

R1

R2

R3

M,S0~S3

B2S0

B2S1

A2S0

A2S1

A1S0

A1S1

YS0

YS1

B1S0

B1S1

LDR0

LDR1

LDR2

LDR3

AR

DR

PC

IR

Cy

2: 1ALU

_997024716.doc

ALU

R0

R1

R7

SR

DR

S0~S3

B

A

_1064175010.doc

ALU

R0

R1

R7

SR

DR

S0~S3

B

A

3.6.3AMD2900(4/)

_1064175285.doc

RAM

MQ

4

ALU

GP

4

4

D0

A

DA

DB

B

Cn

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

Cn+4

4

D1

_1064175380.doc

RAM

MQ

4

ALU

GP

4

4

D0

A

DA

DB

B

Cn

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

Cn+4

4

D1

_1064175477.doc

RAM

MQ

4

ALU

GP

4

4

D0

A

DA

DB

B

Cn

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

Cn+4

4

D1

_996960444.doc

RAM

Q

4

ALU

GP

4

4

D0

A

DA

DB

B

Cn

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

Cn+4

4

D1

3.6.4

_992010344.doc

E

(

DR

MQ

AC

E2

E1

(

3.6.4MQ DR ACMQ

AC(AC+DR

AC(AC - DR

ACMQ(DR(MQ

ACMQ(AC / DR

3.6.4

_992010149.doc

E

(

(

DR

MQ

AC

3.6.48028780286

_992012021.doc

NEU

CU

64

16

16

NEU

80

*

CSACSACSAAB0AB1[C]=C0+|[C]|=1.1101[R4]=A0+|[R4]|=1.0001[R4]=A0+2-4|[R4]|=1.00000001P146AB12

C0=0R01=B0C0=0 [C]=0.1011 [2-4R4]=0.00012-4

C0=1R01B0[2-4R4] = 1.11112-4C0=1[C]=1.0100+0.0001=1.0101

RES ABALU

ALU13SRALULSIALU 1 2

计算机原理

Documents