aalborg industries presentation scrubber

© AALBORG INDUSTRIES 1

Exhaust Gas Cleaning

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SO2 Reduction From ShippingOlav Knudsen, Head of R&D, Exhaust Gas Cleaning


SO2 reduction requirements

0

1

2

3

4

5

2005 2010 2015 2020 2025

Year

Sulfu

r con

tent

[%]

ECA

Global

0102030405060708090

100

0 2 4 6

Fuel S [%]

Rem

oval

[%]

"0.1 %"

"0.5 %"

"1.0 %"

2010

20152020



Situation today Environmental impact

CO2

CO2 + H2O ↔ H2CO3

H2CO3 ↔ H+ + HCO3-

HCO3- ↔ H+ + CO3

--

CO2 + H2O ↔ H2CO3

H2CO3 ↔ H+ + HCO3-

HCO3- ↔ H+ + CO3

--

H2SO4 ↔ H+ + HSO4-

HSO4- ↔ H+ + SO4

--

H2SO4 ↔ H+ + HSO4-

HSO4- ↔ H+ + SO4

--

PMPM

H2SO4 (sulphuric acid)

SO2PM

PM

SO2 + H2O + ½ O2


CO2

CO2 + H2O ↔ H2CO3

H2CO3 ↔ H+ + HCO3-

HCO3- ↔ H+ + CO3

--

CO2 + H2O ↔ H2CO3

H2CO3 ↔ H+ + HCO3-

HCO3- ↔ H+ + CO3

--

H2SO4 ↔ H+ + HSO4-

HSO4- ↔ H+ + SO4

--

H2SO4 ↔ H+ + HSO4-

HSO4- ↔ H+ + SO4

--

Situation with scrubber Environmental impact


Discharge water criteria


Discharge water criteria in ports and estuaries

pH ≥ 6.5 for the overboard discharge (dilution okay)

Limit on dissolved oil (PAH)

Nitrate: Max. 12 % of NOx in exhaust gas or max. 60 mg/liter

Limit on soot particles (turbidity)

No maximum sulfate level


Technology history

~1000 Inert Gas Systems sold since 1972

~3000 Inert Gas Generators sold with scrubber section


Tests with MAN Diesel



Test results(FW)

Influence of NaOH addition

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4

mole NaOH / mole Fuel Sulfur

SO2 trapp

ing efficiency (%

)

Jet

Venturi



Test results

PM emission ‐ Jet scrubber, 100% MCR

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 10 20 30 40 50 60Test No.

PM trapp

ing efficiency [%

]PM emission with Jet scrubber



Test results

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400Pressure drop venturi [mmWC]

PM trapp

ing efficiency (%

)

PM emission with Venturi scrubber



Advantages Hybrid EGC system

Running on SW at open sea whenever possible

(lowest costs, ease of operation)

Zero discharge whenever required

(ports, estuaries, sensitive area’s)

Ability to cope with low alkalinity waters (Baltic, estuaries, rivers)

No switching between MGO/HFO -> maximum fuel savings

Compact water cleaning, lowest possible FW/NaOH consumption

Maximum flexibibility


Technical data Tor Ficaria

Technical dataYear built 2006 Length 199,8 metersWidth 26,50 metersSpeed 22,5 knotsCargo capacity 3,831 lane metersMAN B&W type 9L60 MC-C (21MW) Classification LRS


EGC installed on Tor Ficaria

Technical data:In operation since May 2010Height 10.5 MetersLength 8.2 MetersDiameter 4.6 MetersWeight empty 24TWeight with water 32TExhaust gas 192,000 Kg/hMaterial SS alloysPM Scrubbing Jet + venturiSea water pump 200KW/1000m3/h

Length

Diameter

Hei

ght


DFDS Tor Ficaria- world largest scrubber on a vessel



DFDS Tor FicariaFunnel - modification

Before During After

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Switching between SW and FW- Operation on FW in sensitive areas

SW

NaOH

Scrubber

Exhaust gas

No discharge water No Environmental Impact Assessment (IEA) to local EPA

Low engine power low NaOH consumption


Switching between SW and FW- Operation on SW at open sea

SW

Scrubber

Exhaust gas

Slowly cleaning of the accumulated water at open sea only a relative small water cleaning unit is required.

Sludge for disposal at land

Brine


Switching between SW and FW- Operation on SW at open sea

SW

Scrubber

Exhaust gas

No NaOH consumption

Slowly filling up the tank again to prepare it for arrival to a sensitive area Only a relative low FW flow is required.

FW supply


Results Tor Ficaria- Summary

Sulfur emission after scrubber below the 0.1 % sulfur limit in 2015 with HFO

pH level of discharge water at 3 – 5 depending on exhaust gas and water flow

Below limit on dissolved oil in discharge water (PAH)

Below limit on soot particles in discharge water (Turbidity)

More than 1300 hours of operation

Valuable data for further optimization


Savings in fuel costs

Date

USD

/ton

fuel

350.00

400.00

450.00

500.00

550.00

600.00

650.00

700.00

750.00

01.1

0.09

01.1

1.09

01.1

2.09

01.0

1.10

01.0

2.10

01.0

3.10

01.0

4.10

0.1% Cargoes CifNWE

Roterdam 380 CST


A Day with a Scrubber

Gothenburg (SE)

Brevik (NO)

Immingham (UK)

---- Fresh Water (no discharge)

---- Salt Water

---- Offline

5

4

3

2

1

140kg/hFW<0.05%2400l/h (2.2%)5.

---SW0.22%3900l/h (2.2%)4.

105kg/hFW<0.05%1800l/h (2.2%)3.

---SW0.17%2500l/h (2.2%)2.

70kg/hFW<0.05%1200l/h (2.2%)1.

NaOH kg/hModeS. Eq(%)Fuel Spec.Nr.


Pay Back Time


ConclusionsScrubbers well-known from land based installations and Inert Gas Systems.

Maximum cost savings and flexibility with hybrid EGC System

Far largest EGC system in continuous operation on Tor Ficaria - 21 MW MAN B&W

Short pay back time 1-2 years

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