acceso a un archivo.docx

7/24/2019 Acceso a un Archivo.docx

1/11

INSTITUTO TECNOLGICO

SUPERIOR DE

COATZACOALCOS

DIVISIN:ING. INFORMTICA

ASIGNATURA:

Administracin d sr!id"rs

MAESTRA:I.S.C LIZ#ET$ $ERNADEZ OLAN

ALUMNO:RE%ES GARCIA ALAN MIC$EL

GRADO: 7 B

COATZACOALCOS, VER. A 13 DE NOVIEMBRE DEL 2015


2/11

Uso de permisos UNIX para proteger archivos

L"s arc&i!"s s '(dn 'r"t)r mdiant 'rmis"s d arc&i!" UNI* +mdiant ACL. L"s arc&i!"s c"n ,its d 'rmanncia + -"s arc&i!"s (s"n /c(ta,-s r(irn mdidas d s)(ridad s'cia-s.

Comandos para visualizar y proteger archivos

En sta ta,-a0 s dscri,n -"s c"mand"s 'ara s('r!isar + 'r"t)rarc&i!"s + dirct"ri"s.

Tala 7!" Comandos para proteger archivos y directorios

Comando#escripci$n %&gina de comando

man

lsM(stra -"s arc&i!"s n (n dirct"ri" in1"rmacin s",r -"s arc&i!"s.

-s234

chgrp Cam,ia -a 'r"'idad d )r('" d (narc&i!".

c&)r'234

chmod

Cam,ia 'rmis"s n (n arc&i!".P(d (ti-i5ar - m"d" sim,-ic"0( (ti-i5a -tras + s6m,"-"s0 " -m"d" a,s"-(t"0 ( (ti-i5a n7mr"s"cta-s0 'ara cam,iar -"s 'rmis"sn (n arc&i!".

c&m"d234

%ropiedad de archivos y directorios

L"s 'rmis"s d arc&i!" UNI* tradici"na-s '(dn asi)nar 'r"'idad atrs c-ass d (s(ari"s8

usuario8 - 'r"'itari" d- arc&i!" " dirct"ri"0 (0 n"rma-mnt0 s- (s(ari" ( cr - arc&i!". E- 'r"'itari" d (n arc&i!" '(ddcidir (i9n tin drc&" a -r - arc&i!"0 scri,ir n - arc&i!"2ra-i5ar cam,i"s n 9-4 "0 si - arc&i!" s (n c"mand"0 /c(tar -arc&i!".

grupo8 -"s mim,r"s d (n )r('" d (s(ari"s.

otros8 t"d"s -"s dm:s (s(ari"s ( n" s"n -"s 'r"'itari"s d-arc&i!" + n" s"n mim,r"s d- )r('".

E- 'r"'itari" d- arc&i!"0 n"rma-mnt0 '(d asi)nar " m"di;car'rmis"s d arc&i!". Adm:s0 -a c(nta r""t '(d cam,iar -a 'r"'idadd (n arc&i!". Para s(stit(ir -a '"-6tica d- sistma0 c"ns(-t -E/m'-"< =>.
http://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?ctx=E23824&id=REFMAN1ls-1http://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?ctx=E23824&id=REFMAN1chgrp-1http://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?ctx=E23824&id=REFMAN1chmod-1https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26921_01/html/E25886/secfile-10.html#secfile-3https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26921_01/html/E25886/secfile-10.html#secfile-3http://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?ctx=E23824&id=REFMAN1chgrp-1http://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?ctx=E23824&id=REFMAN1chmod-1https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26921_01/html/E25886/secfile-10.html#secfile-3https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26921_01/html/E25886/secfile-10.html#secfile-3https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26921_01/html/E25886/secfile-10.html#secfile-3https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26921_01/html/E25886/secfile-10.html#secfile-3http://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?ctx=E23824&id=REFMAN1ls-1


3/11

Un arc&i!" '(d sr (n" d sit ti'"s. Cada ti'" s m(stra c"n (ns6m,"-"8

! 's(molo menos)

T?t" " 'r")rama

Arc&i!" s'cia- d ,-"(s

c

Arc&i!" s'cia- d caractrs

d

Dirct"ri"

l

En-ac sim,-ic"

s

S"c@t

#

P(rta

%

C"nd(ccin c"n n"m,r 2FIFO4

%ermisos de archivo UNIX

En -a si)(int ta,-a0 s m(stran + s dscri,n -"s 'rmis"s ('(d "t"r)ar a cada c-as d (s(ari" 'ara (n arc&i!" " dirct"ri".Tala 7!* %ermisos de archivos y directorios

+(molo

%ermiso ,-eto #escripci$n

r Lct(ra Arc&i!" L"s (s(ari"s dsi)nad"s '(dn a,rir + -r- c"ntnid" d (n arc&i!".

Dirct"ri"

L"s (s(ari"s dsi)nad"s '(dn n(mrararc&i!"s n - dirct"ri".

Escrit(ra Arc&i!" L"s (s(ari"s dsi)nad"s '(dn m"di;car -c"ntnid" d- arc&i!" " -iminar - arc&i!".


4/11

L"s (s(ari"s dsi)nad"s '(dn a)r)ar arc&i!"" n-acs n - dirct"ri". Tam,i9n '(dn-iminar arc&i!"s " n-acs n - dirct"ri".

L"s (s(ari"s dsi)nad"s n" '(dn -r0scri,irni /c(tar - arc&i!".

Dirct"ri"

? E/c(cin Arc&i!" L"s (s(ari"s dsi)nad"s '(dn /c(tar- arc&i!" si s (n 'r")rama " (nasc(ncia d c"mand"s d s&--. Tam,i9n'(dn /c(tar - 'r")rama c"n (na d-as --amadas d- sistma ?c2>4.

Dirct"ri"

L"s (s(ari"s dsi)nad"s '(dn a,rir "/c(tar arc&i!"s n - dirct"ri". Tam,i9n'(dn &acr( - dirct"ri" + -"s dirct"ri"s d,a/" d

9- san -"s act(a-s.= Dn)ad" Arc&i!" +dirct"ri"

Est"s 'rmis"s d arc&i!" s a'-ican a arc&i!"s r)(-ars + a arc&i!"ss'cia-s0 c"m" dis'"siti!"s0 s"c@ts + c"nd(cci"ns c"n n"m,r2FIFO4.

Para (n n-ac sim,-ic"0 -"s 'rmis"s ( s a'-ican s"n -"s 'rmis"sd- arc&i!" a- ( - n-ac &ac r1rncia.

P(d 'r"t)r -"s arc&i!"s d (n dirct"ri" + s(s s(,dirct"ri"ssta,-cind" 'rmis"s d arc&i!" rstricti!"s n s dirct"ri". Tn)an c(nta (0 sin m,ar)"0 - s('r(s(ari" tin accs" a t"d"s -"sarc&i!"s + dirct"ri"s n - sistma.


5/11

%ermisos de archivo especiales 'setuid. setgid y it depermanencia)

Trs ti'"s d 'rmis"s s'cia-s st:n dis'"ni,-s 'ara arc&i!"s/c(ta,-s + dirct"ri"s '7,-ic"s8 st(id0 st)id + ,it d 'rmanncia.C(and" st"s 'rmis"s s sta,-cn0 c(a-(ir (s(ari" ( /c(ta s

arc&i!" /c(ta,- as(m - ID d- 'r"'itari" 2" )r('"4 d- arc&i!"/c(ta,-.

D, sr ?trmadamnt c(idad"s" c(and" d;n 'rmis"ss'cia-s0 '"r( -"s 'rmis"s s'cia-s c"nstit(+n (n ris)" ds)(ridad. P"r /m'-"0 (n (s(ari" '(d ",tnr ca'acidads ds('r(s(ari" mdiant -a /c(cin d (n 'r")rama ( sta,-c - IDd (s(ari" 2UID4 n B0 ( s - UID d r""t. Adm:s0 t"d"s -"s (s(ari"s'(dn sta,-cr 'rmis"s s'cia-s 'ara arc&i!"s ( '"sn0 -"c(a- c"nstit(+ "tr" 'r",-ma d s)(ridad.

D, s('r!isar - sistma 'ara dtctar c(a-(ir (s" n" a(t"ri5ad" d-"s 'rmis"s st(id + st)id c"n intncin d ",tnr ca'acidads ds('r(s(ari". Un 'rmis" s"s'c&"s" c"ncd -a 'r"'idad d (n'r")rama administrati!" a (n (s(ari" n -()ar d a r""t " ,in. Para,(scar + m"strar t"d"s -"s arc&i!"s ( (ti-i5an st 'rmis" s'cia-0c"ns(-tCm" ,(scar arc&i!"s c"n 'rmis"s d arc&i!" s'cia-s .

%ermiso setuid

C(and" - 'rmis" st(id s sta,-c n (n arc&i!" /c(ta,-0 s"t"r)a accs" a (n 'r"cs" ( /c(ta st arc&i!" s)7n - 'r"'itari"

d- arc&i!". E- accs" nos ,asa n - (s(ari" ( st: /c(tand" -arc&i!" /c(ta,-. Est 'rmis" s'cia- 'rmit a (n (s(ari" accdr a-"s arc&i!"s + dirct"ri"s (0 n"rma-mnt0 st:n dis'"ni,-s s-" 'ara- 'r"'itari".

P"r /m'-"0 - 'rmis" st(id d- c"mand" 'assd &ac '"si,- ( -"s(s(ari"s cam,in c"ntrasas. Un c"mand" 'assd c"n 'rmis" st(idsr6a d -a si)(int manra8

=r=sr=sr=? r""t s+s >3 (n 3< 3>8B> H(srH,inH'assd

Est 'rmis" s'cia- 'rsnta (n ris)" d s)(ridad. A-)(n"s (s(ari"sdtrminad"s '(dn ,(scar (na manra d mantnr -"s 'rmis"s (s -s "t"r)an mdiant - 'r"cs"st(id0 inc-(s" ds'(9s d ( -'r"cs" &a trminad" d /c(tars.
https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26921_01/html/E25886/secfile-10.html#secfile-23https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26921_01/html/E25886/secfile-10.html#secfile-23https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26921_01/html/E25886/secfile-10.html#secfile-23https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26921_01/html/E25886/secfile-10.html#secfile-23


6/11

Nota ! E- (s" d 'rmis"s st(id c"n -"s UID rsr!ad"s 2d B a 3BB4 d(n 'r")rama '"dr6a n" sta,-cr - UID 1cti!" c"rrctamnt. Uti-ic(na sc(ncia d c"mand"s d s&-- " !it - (s" d -"s UID rsr!ad"sc"n 'rmis"s st(id.

%ermiso setgid

E- 'rmis" st)id s simi-ar a- 'rmis" st(id. S cam,ia - ID d)r('" 2GID4 1cti!" d- 'r"cs" a- )r('" ( '"s - arc&i!" + s -c"ncd accs" a (n (s(ari" s)7n -"s 'rmis"s ( s "t"r)an as )r('". E- c"mand" H(srH,inHmai- tin 'rmis"s st)id8

=r=?==s==? 3 r""t mai- 8B3 H(srH,inHmai-

C(and" - 'rmis" st)id s a'-ica a (n dirct"ri"0 -"s arc&i!"s ( scrar"n n s dirct"ri" 'rtncn a- )r('" a- ( 'rtnc -dirct"ri". L"s arc&i!"s n" 'rtncn a- )r('" a- ( 'rtnc -'r"cs" d cracin. C(a-(ir (s(ari" ( tin 'rmis"s d scrit(ra +/c(cin n - dirct"ri" '(d crar (n arc&i!" a--6. Sin m,ar)"0 -arc&i!" 'rtnc a- )r('" ( '"s - dirct"ri"0 n" a- )r('" a- ('rtnc - (s(ari".

D, s('r!isar - sistma 'ara dtctar c(a-(ir (s" n" a(t"ri5ad" d-'rmis" st)id c"n intncin d ",tnr ca'acidads d s('r(s(ari".Un 'rmis" s"s'c&"s" "t"r)a accs" d )r('" a ta- 'r")rama a (n

)r('" '"c" c"m7n n -()ar d a r""t " ,in. Para ,(scar + m"strar t"d"s-"s arc&i!"s ( (ti-i5an st 'rmis"0 c"ns(-t Cm" ,(scar arc&i!"sc"n 'rmis"s d arc&i!" s'cia-s .

Bit de permanencia

E- it de permanencias (n ,it d 'rmis" ( 'r"t) -"s arc&i!"sdntr" d (n dirct"ri". Si - dirct"ri" tin - ,it d 'rmannciasta,-cid"0 (n arc&i!" s-" '(d sr -iminad" '"r - 'r"'itari" d-arc&i!"0 - 'r"'itari" d- dirct"ri" " (n (s(ari" c"n 'ri!i-)i"s. E-(s(ari" r""t s (n /m'-" d (n (s(ari" c"n 'ri!i-)i"s. E- ,it d'rmanncia im'id ( (n (s(ari" -imin -"s arc&i!"s d "tr"s(s(ari"s d dirct"ri"s '7,-ic"s0 c"m" Htm'8

dr?r?rt< r""t s+s BB S' 38< tm'

As)7rs d d;nir - ,it d 'rmanncia man(a-mnt a- c"n;)(rar(n dirct"ri" '7,-ic" n (n sistma d arc&i!"s TMPFS. Para ",tnrinstr(cci"ns0 c"ns(-t -E/m'-" < =J.
https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26921_01/html/E25886/secfile-10.html#secfile-23https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26921_01/html/E25886/secfile-10.html#secfile-23https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26921_01/html/E25886/secfile-10.html#secfile-21https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26921_01/html/E25886/secfile-10.html#secfile-23https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26921_01/html/E25886/secfile-10.html#secfile-23https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26921_01/html/E25886/secfile-10.html#secfile-23https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26921_01/html/E25886/secfile-10.html#secfile-21https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26921_01/html/E25886/secfile-10.html#secfile-21https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26921_01/html/E25886/secfile-10.html#secfile-21https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26921_01/html/E25886/secfile-10.html#secfile-21


7/11

B> == S-"

'rmis"dscrit(ra
http://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?ctx=E23824&id=REFMAN1umask-1http://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?ctx=E23824&id=REFMAN1umask-1http://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?ctx=E23824&id=REFMAN1umask-1


9/11

=?

Prmis"sdscrit(ra +/c(cin

r== S-"'rmis"d -ct(ra

J r=? Prmis"s

d -ct(ra+/c(cin

r= Prmis"sd -ct(ra+ scrit(ra

< r? Prmis"sd -ct(ra0scrit(ra +/c(cin

En -a si)(int ta,-a0 s m(stran -"s s6m,"-"s 'ara sta,-cr 'rmis"sd arc&i!" n m"d" sim,-ic". L"s s6m,"-"s '(dn s'ci;car -"s'rmis"s d (9 (s(ari"s s !an a d;nir " cam,iar0 -a "'racin ( s!a a ra-i5ar + -"s 'rmis"s ( s st:n asi)nand" " cam,iand".

Tala 7!6 5stalecimiento de permisos de archivo en modosim$lico

+(molo

unci$n #escripci$n

( quin Us(ari" 2'r"'itari"4) quin Gr('"" quin Otr"sa quin A-- 2T"d"4K operado

rAsi)nacin

operado A)r)ar


10/11

E-iminar

r= operado

r

r permisos

Lct(ra

permisos

Escrit(ra

? permisos

E/c(cin

- permisos

#-"(" ",-i)at"ri"0 ,it st)id st: acti!ad"0 ,it d/c(cin d )r('" st: dsacti!ad"

s permiso

s

#it st(id " st)id st: acti!ad"

t permisos

#it d 'rmanncia st: acti!ad"0 ,it d /c(cin'ara "tr"s st: acti!ad"

Las dsi)naci"ns quin operador permisosn -a c"-(mna d 1(ncins'ci;can -"s s6m,"-"s ( cam,ian -"s 'rmis"s n - arc&i!" "dirct"ri".

quin

Es'ci;ca -"s 'rmis"s d (9 (s(ari"s s !an a cam,iar.

operadorEs'ci;ca -a "'racin ( s !a a ra-i5ar.

permisos

Es'ci;ca (9 'rmis"s s !an a cam,iar.


11/11

#it d 'rmanncia

P(d d;nir 'rmis"s s'cia-s n (n arc&i!" n m"d" a,s"-(t" "m"d" sim,-ic". N" ",stant0 d, (ti-i5ar - m"d" sim,-ic" 'arad;nir " -iminar 'rmis"s st(id n (n dirct"ri". En - m"d" a,s"-(t"0-"s 'rmis"s s'cia-s s sta,-cn a)r)and" (n n(!" !a-"r "cta- a-a i5(irda d- tri'-" d 'rmis". En -a si)(int ta,-a0 s m(stran -"s

!a-"rs "cta-s 'ara d;nir 'rmis"s s'cia-s n (n arc&i!".

Tala 7!8 5stalecimiento de permisos de archivoespeciales en modo asoluto

/alor octal %ermisos de archivo especiales

3

> st)id

st(id

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