africa constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက...

150
1 awmiftmz&d u orRwEkdifiH zJG@pnf;tkyf csKyfykHtajccHOya' jref rmEk d if iHa±S @aersm;aumif pD rS bmomjyef qkd onf ? (oifwef;om;rsm;avhvm&eftwGufom)

Upload: lu-bo

Post on 28-Jul-2015

29 views

Category:

Documents


1 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

1

awmiftmz&du orRwEkdifiH

zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya'

jrefrmEkdifiHa±S@aersm;aumifpDrS bmomjyefqkdonf?

(oifwef;om;rsm;avhvm&eftwGufom)

Page 2: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

2

awmiftmz&du orRwEdkifiH. zGJ@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'

-1996

1996 ckESpf. tufOya' (108) awmiftmz&du orRwEdkifiH. zJG@pnf;yHktajccHOya'-1996

Page 3: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

3

1996 ckESpf arv (8)&ufae@wGif twnfjyKcsuft& ESifh 1996 ckESpf atmufwdkbm v (11) &ufae@wGifzGJ@pnf;ykHtajccH Oya'v$wfawmfjyifqifr_t&

wEdkifiHtwGuf Oya'wck

rmwdum pum;csD; tcef; 1 wnfaxmifr_ jyXmef;csufrsm; tcef; 2 tajccHtcGifhta&;rsm;qdkif&mjyXgef;csuf tcef; 3 yl;aygif;aqmif±Gufaom tpkd;& tcef; 4 v$wfawmf (ygvDrmef) tcef; 5 orRwESifh trsdK;om; EdkifiHawmftkyfcsKyfr_ tcef; 6 pD&ifpkrsm; tcef; & a'otpkd;& tcef; 8 w&m;±Hk; rsm;ESifh w&m;a&;pDrHcef@ cGJr_ tcef; 9 tajccHOya' tcef; 10 pDrHcef@cGJa&; tcef; 11 wyfzGJ@rsm; tcef; 12 tpOftvmacgif;aqmifrsm;

Page 4: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

4

tcef; 13 bm¾ma&; tcef; 14 jyXmef;csufrsm; aemufqufwJGZ,m; (1) trsdK;om;tvH aemufqufwJGZ,m; (2) usrf;opPmrsm;ESifh av;eufwnf}unfaomtwnfðy

jcif;rsm; aemufqufwJGZ,m; (3) a±G;aumufyGJ vkyfxHk;vkyfenf;rsm; aemufqufwJGZ,m; (4) xyfwltrsdKom; ESifhpD&ifpkrsm; Oya'jyK EdkifpGrf;qdkif&m vufawG@us u¾rsm; aemufqufwJGZ,m; (5) oD;oef@pD&ifpkrsm; Oya'jyK EdkifpGrf;qdkif&mvufawG@us

u¾rsm; aemufqufwJGZ,m; (6) ul;ajymif;a&;umv tpDtpOfrsm; aemufqufwJGZ,m; (7) Oya'rsm;±kyfodrf;jcif; tn$ef;

pum;csD;

Page 5: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

5

awmiftmz&du jynfolrsm; jzpf}uaom u|Efkyfwdk@onf / twdwf.rw&m;r_rsm;tm; trSwf&I‚if; / w&m;r#wr_ESihf vGwfvyfr_twGuf paw;cH&olrsm; 'kuQcHawG@}uHKcHpm;cJ@&olrsm;tm; *k%fjyKI ‚if; / EdkifiHawmf wnfaqmufr_ ESifhwdk;wuf}uD;yGm;r_wGif vkyfaqmifcJholrsm;tm; av;pm;I‚if; awmiftmz&duEdkifiHonf rwluGJjym;r_rS pkpnf;nDnGwfr_ukd wnfaqmuf=uv#uf TekdifiHawmf ukd EdkifiHtwGif;aexdkif=uol tm;vHk; ydkifqdkifjcif;ukd tav;teuf ,Hk}unf}uonf ? xdk@a}umifhu|Ekfyfwdk@onf u|Ekfyf.wdk@ vGwfvyfpGm a±G;jc,fwifajrmuf}uaom udk,fpm; vS,frsm;rSwqifh atmufygwdk@twGuf TzGJ@pnf;yHk tajccHOya'tm; orRwEdkifiHawmf . tjrifqHk; Oya'tjzpfvufcHtwnfjyKyXgef;vdkufonf ?

twdwfrS uGJjym;jcif;wdk@tm; ukpm;jyD; 'Drdkua&pDwefzdk;/ vlr_a&;w&m;r#wr_ / ESifhtajc cHvl@tcGifhta&;rsm;tay: tajccHaomvl@abmiftzGJ@tpnf;wcktm; wnfaxmifjcif;/ vlxk.qENtay:tajccHaom tpdk;&ESifh EdkifiHom;wdkif;tm; wef;wlnDwl Oya'rS tum tuG,fay;aom 'Drdkua&pDESifhyGifhvif;aom vl@abmiftzGJ@twGuftajccHtkwfjrpfcsjcif;/ EdkifiHom;tm;vHk;wdk@. vlaer_b0tqifhtwef;aumif;rGefvmatmif aqmif±Gufay;jcif;ESifh EdkifiHom;wOD;pD. pGrf;&nftm; vGwfvyf pGmaz:aqmifcGifhðyjcif;? EdkifiHwumrdom;pktwGif;wGif rdrd.&ydkifcGifhjzpfaom tcsKyftjcm;tm%mydkif EdkifiHtjzpf yg0ifEdkifa&;twGufwvHk;wpnf;wnf;jzpfaom 'Drdku&ufwpf awmiftmz&duEdkifiHwnf aqmufjcif; ?

bk&m;ocif u|efEkyfwdk@ vlrsdK;tm;umuG,fr_ ay;ygapownf;?

tcef; (1) wnfaqmufr_jyXmef;csufrsm;

awmiftmz&du orRwEdkifiH 1 ? awmiftmz&du orRwEdkifiHonf wckwnf;aom/ tcsKyftjcmtm%mydkifaom 'Drdku&uf wpfEdkifiHawmfjzpfjyD; atmufygwefzdk;rsm;tay: wnfaqmufonf ? (u) vlom;wdk@. *k%foduQmESifh- wef;wlr_±Sdapjcif;ESifh vl@tcGifha&;ESifh vGwfvyfr_wdk@ukd tqifhhjrifhwifay;jcif; ? ( c) vlrsdK;a&;cGJjcm;r_ r±Sdjcif;ESifh vdifcGJjcm;r_ r±dSjcif;? ( *) zGJ@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'ESifh Oya'pdk;rdk;a&;wdk@. tjrifhqHk;tm%mjzpfjcif;?

Page 6: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

6(C) t±G,fa&mufolwdkif; rJay;ydkifcGihftygt0if/ Oya'ESifhtnD? rJqEN±Sifrsm;trnfpm

&if;ðypkjcif;/ yHkrSefa±G;aumufyGJrsm;usif;yjcif;ESifh wm0efcHr_ / wHk@jyefr_ ESifhyGifhvif;r_wdk@ tm; tmrcHr_ jyKonfhygwDpHkpepfjzifh wnfaqmufaom 'Drdkua&pDtpdk;&jzpfjcif;?

zG@Jpnf;yHk tajccHOya'. wef;cdk;tm%m v$rf;rdk;}uD;pdk;jcif; 2? TzGJ@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'onf orRwEdkifiHwmf. wefcdk;tm%mvGrf;rdk;}uD;pdk;aom tjrifhqkH;

Oya'jzpfonf? TzGJ@pnf;yHk tajccHOya'ESifh wpforwfwnf;r[kwfaom Oya' odk@r[kwf pDrH aqmif±Gufr_onf w&m;r0ifay? TzGJ@pnf;ykHtajccHOya't& vkyfaqmifapaomwm 0efrsm; vkyfief;rsm;onf +yD;jynfhpkr_±Sdap&rnf?

EdkifiHom;jzpfcGifh tcGifha&; 3 ? (1) tm;vkH;twGuf awmiftmz&du EdkifiHom;wrsdK;wpm;wnf;om±Sdonf? (2) EdkifiHom;wkdif; (u) EdkifiHom;. tajccHtcGifhta&;rsm; / tcGifhx;lrsm;ESifh tusdK;cHpm;cGifhrsm;tm;wef;

wl&nfwl &ydkifcGifh±Sdonf ? ( c) EdkifiHom;. 0wW&m;rsm;ESifh wm0efrsm;tay: wef;wl&nfwlwm0efcH&rnf? (3) trdsK;om;Oya'jyKr_onf EdkifiHom;jzpfcGifh tcGifhta&;&,ljcif;/ qHk;±H_;jcif;ESifh jyefvnf&

,lapjcif; wdk@tm;jyXmef;ay;&rnf? trdsK;om;oDcsif; 4 ? orRwEdkifiH. / trsdK;om;oDcsif;tm; EdkifiHawmforRwrS jynfoltrsm; odap&ef xkwf

jyefa}unmjcif;jzifh qHk;jzwfonf ? trdsK;om;tvH 5 ? orRwEdkifiH. tvHonf vkyfief;tpDtpOf(1) wGif±Sif;vif;xm;jcif; ESifhyHka&;qGJjcif; twdkif;

teufa&mi/f a±$a&mif / tpdrf;a&mif / tjzLa&mif / teDa&mif ESifh tjyma&mif jzpfonf ? bmompum;rsm; 6 ? (1) pDyD'D/ pDpdkodk/ pufZGmem / pDZGgwD / ±SdAdkif'g / ZpfaZmifum / tmz&duef / t*Fvdyf /

tDpD'DbDvD / tDZDZdkZm ESifhtDZDZlvl bmompum;wdk@onf orRwEdkifiH. ±Hk;oHk;bmom pum;rsm;jzpfonf ?

(2) ordkif;pOft& u|Ekfyfwdk@. rl&if;a'ocHvlrsdK;rsm;. bmompum;rsm; toHk;jyKr_ enf;yg;vmonfudk owdrlI EdkifiHawmfonf ,if;bmompum;rsm;. tqifhtwef; jrifhwif ay;jcif;ESifh toHk;jyKr_ jrifhwifa&;twGuf vufawG@usjyD; tusdK;jzpfxGef;aom vkyfief;aqmifr_rsm;tm; aqmifusOf;ay;&rnf ?

(3) (u) trdsK;om;tpdk;&ESifh pD&ifpktpdk;&rsm;onf tpdk;&.&nfrSef;csufrsm;twGuf t aumifazmfaqmifr_vufawG@usr_ / ukefusp&dwf / a'oqdkif&m tajctaeESifh vdktyfaer_ESihf vlxkw&yfvHk; odk@r[kwf ywfoufaeaom pD&ifpkvlxkrsm;.

Page 7: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

7qENwdk@tm;[efcsufjyKjyD; rnfonfh±Hk;oHk;bmompum;udkrqdk toHk;jyKEdkifonf? odk@aomfxdkodk@toHk;jyK&mwGif trsdK;om;tpdk;&ESifh pD&ifpktpdk;&wckjcif;onft enf;qHk;±Hk;oHk;bmomESpfrsdK;tm; toHk;jyK&rnf ?

(c) jrLeDpyg,f tkyfcsKyfa&; rsm;onf ‚if;e,fajrtwGif; aexdkif}uaom vlxk. ydkIESpfouftoHk;jyKaom bmompum;tm; xnfh0ifpOfpm;ay;&rnf ? (4) trdsK;om;tpdk;&ESifh pD&ifpktpdk;&rsm;onf Oya'ðyjcif;jzifh‚if; tjcm;vkyfief;pOf rsm; jzifh‚if; ‚if;wdk@toHk;jyKaom ±Hk;oHk;bmompum;rsm;tm; xdef;ndSay;jcif;ESifh pDppf jcif; aqmif±Guf&rnf ? yk'frcGJ (2) jyXmef;csufrsm;rS aoGzDjcif; r±SdbJ ±Hk;oHk;bmom pum;tm;vHk;wdk@onf av;pm;wefzdk;xm;r_wGif wef;wlnDwl tcGifhta&;tm;&±Sd

&rnf jzpfjyD; omwlnDr#pGm qufqHjyKrl&rnf ?

(5) trsdK;om; Oya'jyKv$wfawmf rSwnfaxmifay;aom awmiftmz&du bmompum; tm;vHk; bkwftzGJ@onf ? (u) (1) ±Hk;oHk;bmompum;tm;vHk;/ (2) cdGKif; / emrESifh pefbmomrsm;/

(3) ouUw bmomwdk@tm; ajrawmifajrmufay;jcif;ESifh }uD;xGm;&ifhoefa&; ESifh toHk;jyKa&;twGuf tajctaersm; zefwD;ay;&rnf? xkd@jyif

( c) (1) *smref / *&d / *l*sm&mwD / [if'D / ay:wl*D / war; / wav*l ESifhtll'l tyg t0if awmiftmz&du vltpktzGJ@rsm; oHk;pGJajymqdkavh±Sdaom bmom pum;rsm;ESifh

(2) awmiftmz&duwGif bmoma&;&nfrSef; csufjzifh toHk;jyKaom tm&bpf / [Db±l;/ ouUwESifh tjcm;bmompum;rsm;tm;ajrawmifajrmuf ay;jcif; ESifhav;pm;r_ &&efudkaqmif±Gufay;&rnf ?

tcef; (2) tajccHtcGifhta&;rsm;

tcGifhta&;rsm; & ? (1) awmiftmz&duEdkifiHwGif TtajccHtcGifhta&;rsm;qdkif&m jyXgef;csufonf 'Drdku

a&pD. r±SdrjzpfjyXgef;csufrsm;jzpfonf ? ‚if;tajccHtkwfjrpfonfu|Efkyfwdk@EdkifiHjynfol vlxktm;vHk;. tcGifht a&;rsm;tm; umuG,fr_jyKxm;onf ? 'Drdkua&pDwefzdk;rsm; jzpfaom vlom;wdk@. oduQmwef;wlnDwlr_ESifh vGwfvyfr_wdk@tm;tcdkiftrmtwnf jyKxm;onf ?

Page 8: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

8 (2) EdkifiHawmfonf tajccHtcGifhta&;rsm;jyXgef;csufwGifyg±Sdaom tcGifhta&;rsm;tm;av;

pm;vdkufemr_ / umuG,fr_ / ajrawmifajrmufay;r_ ESifhjznfhpGrf;ay;r_wdk@ukdaqmif±Guf& rnf?

(3) TtajccHtcGifhta&;jyXgef;csufyg&ykdifcGifhrsm;onf uef@owfr_/ twkdif;twmt&‚if;/ yk'fr (36)ukd&nfn$ef;I‚if;/ jyXgef;csufwaeae&mESifh‚if; wkduf±kdufqufpyfr_±Sdap&rnf?

oufa&mufr_±Sdjcif; 8 ? (1) TtajccHtcGifhqkdif&m jyXgef;csufrsm;onf Oya'tm;vkH;tay: oufa&mufr_±Sdonfhjyif

Oya'ðya&; tkyfcsKyfa&;. w&m;pD&ifa&;ESifh tpkd;&,EW&m;tm;vkH;tay: pnf;aESmifr_±Sd ap&rnf?

(2) tajccHtcGifhta&;jyXgef;csufyg yk'frwckonf ±kd;om;+yD; Oya'ESifh nDnGwfolwOD;tay: pnf;aESmifr_±Sdap&rnf?okd@&mwGif cHpm;cGifh tcGifhta&;.oabmobm0ESifh ,if;cHpm;cGifh t& ðytyfaomwm0efukdygxnfhoGif;pOf;pm;&rnf?

(3) tajccHtcGifhta&;rsm; jyXgef;csufyg yk'frwckt& ±kd;om;pGmOya'ESifh nDnGwfolwOD;t ay: yk'frcJG (2)t& tusdK;cHpm;aprnfqkdv#if w&m;±kH;w±kH;onf? (u) tusdK;cHpm;cGifh xda&mufr_±Sdap&ef omrefOya'w&yfukd csrSwfI‚if;/ vkdtyfv#if

jyifqifjznfhpGufI‚if; tokH;ðy&efjzpf+yD; Oya'ðyr_t&mwGif tusdK;cHpm;cGifhukd rxd yg;ap&ef owdrl&rnf? xkd@jyif

(c) yk'fr (36) 1 wGif az:jyxm;csufESifh ukdufnDaom uef@owfr_t&omv#if Oya'jy Xgef;I tusdK;cHpm;cGifhukd uef@owfEkdifap&rnf?

(4) Oya'ESifh nDnGwfolwOD;onf tajccHtcGifhta&;jyXgef;csufyg cHpm;cGifhw&yf&yfukd&,l vkdv#if ‚if;yk*~dKvf. Oabmobm0ESifh ‚if;cHpm;&,lvkdaom tcGifhta&;. o abmobm o0wkd@ukdxnfhoGif;pOf;pm;&rnf?

wef;wlnDwlr_ 9 ? (1) vlwdkif;onf Oya'a±S@arSmufwGif wef;wl&nfwljzpfjyD; Oya'. tumtuG,f ay;r_ESifh tusdK;cHpm;cGifhtm; wef;wl&ydkifcGifh±Sdonf ? (2) wef;wlr_wGif wef;wljcif;ESifhvGwfvyfjcif;tay: tcGifhta&;tjynfht0&±Sdjcif;jzpfonf?

wef;wlr_&±Sda&;aqmif±Guf&efrSm Oya'jyKjcif;jzifh‚if; vlydk*~dKvfrsm;tm; tumtuG,f ay;r_ odk@r[kwf wdk;wufapr_rsm;jzpf‚if; okd@r[kwf rw&m;tqifh twef;cGJjcm;jcif;cH &olrsm;tm; trsdK;tpm;cGJay;jcif;tm; aqmif±GufEdkifonf ?

(3) EdkifiHawmfonf rnfolwpHkwOD;tm;rS vlrsdK; / vdif/ usm;/ r ESifh eykvd†if/ oaE<wnfjcif;/ tdrfaxmiftajc tae / rsdK;EG,fpk odk@r[kwf vlr_a&;aemufcH / tom;ta&mif / vdif

cHpm;r_/ touft±G,f / roefrpGrf;r_ / udk;uG,f&mbmom / todpdwf / ,Hk}unfr_ / ,Ofaus;r_ / bmom pum;ESifh arG;zGm;r_ tygt0ifwkduf±dkufaomf‚if; / oG,f0dkufI aomf‚if; ta}umif;wpfckodk@r[kwfwckxufykdaomta}umif;jzifh rw&m;tqifht

Page 9: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

9wef;cJGjcm;jcif;tm; aqmif±$ufjcif;tm; EdkifiHawmfurnfol wpHkwOD;r#rvkyfaqmif Edkifap& ?

(4) tydk'fcGJ (3) wGifaz:jyxm;csuft& ta=umif; wpfckodk@r[kwf wckxufrsm;aom t a}umif;t&mjzifh rnfhol wOD;wa,mufur# wdkuf±dkufjzifhjzpfap oG,f0dku fIjzpfap tjcm; rnfolwpfOD;wa,mufudkr# rw&m;tqifhtwef;cGJjcm;jcif; rvkyfEdkifap&? t rsdK;om;Oya'jyKr_jzifh rw&m;tqifh twef;cGJjcm;jcif;tm; wm;jrpfjcif; odk@r[kwf ydwfyifjcif;jyK&rnf ?

(5) cJGjcm;qufqHjcif;onf w&m;r#wonf[kxif;v#m;pGm az:jyxm;jcif;rSwyg; yk'frcJG (3)yg ta=umif;tcsufrsm;tay: wcsufESifh wcsufxufykdaom ta=umif;jzifh cJGjcm;qufqH jcif; onf w&m;r#wr_±Sdrnfr[kwfay?

vl@*k%foduQm 10 ? vlwdkif;onf arG;&myg*k%foduQm±dSonf / ‚if;wdk@.*k%foduQmtm; av;pm;apr_ ESifhum

uG,fay;r_ &,lykdifcGifh tcGifhta&;±Sdonf ? touf±Sif&yfwnfcGifh 11 ? vlwdkif;onf touf±Sif&yfwnfcGifh±dSonf ? vlyk*~dKvf.vGwfvyfr_ ESifhvHkjcHK r_ 12 ? (1) vlwdkif;onf vlyk*~dKvf. vGwfvyfr_ESifhvHkjcHKr_ tcGifhta&;±dSonf ? yg0ifaomtcGifhta&;rsm;rSm (u) Oya't& odk@r[kwf w&m;aomta}umif;r[kwfbJ v$wfvyfr_tm; ±kyfodrf;

jcif;r±Sdap& ? (c) w&m;ppfaq;pD&ifjcif; r±SdapbJ / xdrf;odrf;r_ rjyKap& ?

(*) vltrsm; okd@r[kwf vlyk*~dKvfwOD;OD;uðyrlaom t=urf;zufr_ ykHo¾meftrsdK;rsdK;rS uif;vGwf&rnf?

(C) rnfonfhenf;jzifhrS ESdyfpufnOf;qJjcif;r±Sdap& ? xkd@jyif (i) &ufpuf}urf;}uKwfaom odk@r[kwf vlrqefaom odk@r[kwf vl@*k%foduQm

usapaom qufqHr_ odk@r[kwf tjypf'%fay;r_ rvkyf& ? (2) vlwdkif;onf ukd,fcE<mESifh pdwf"gwfjynfh0r_twGuf tcGifhta&;±dSonf? yg0ifaomt

cGifhta&;rSm- (u) rsdK;qufjyef@yGm;jcif;ESifh pyfvsOf;aomqHk;jzwfcsufcsjcif;/ ( c) ‚if;wdk@cE<mudk,ftm; vHkjcHKapjcifESifh xdrf;csKyfEkdifjcif;tjyif ( *) today;oabmwlnDcsufr±dSbJ aq;odk@r[kwf ody`H prf;oyfr_vkyfjcif;tm;rcHap

&jcif;? u|efjykjcif;/ vufatmufcHjyKjcif; ESifht"rRcdkif;apjcif; 13 ? rnfolrqdk u|efjyKjcif; / vufatmufcHjyKjcif; ESifht"rRcdkif;apjcif; rcHap& ?

Page 10: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

10

udk,fydkifvGwfvyfr_ tcGifhta&; 14 ? rnfolrqdk ukd,fydkifvGwfvyfr_ tcGifhta&;±Sdonf ? ,if;udk,fydkifvGwfvyfr_wGif- (u) vlyk*~dKvf ESifh‚if;wdk@aetdrf Oypm±SmazGcH&jcif; ? ( c) ‚if;wdk@ ypPnf;OpPmrsm;±SmazGcH&jcif;? ( *) ‚if;wdk@ydkifqdkifr_ ypPnf;odrf;,lcH&jcif;

(C) ‚if;wkd@. qufoG,fa&; udpPrsm; csdK;azmufcH&jcif; wkd@r±Sdap&efjzpfonf? udk;uG,f&mbmom/ ,Hk}unfr_ESifht,ltqvGwfvyfcGifh 15 ? (1) rnfolrqdk pdwfvGwfvyfcGifh / udk;uG,f&mbmomvGwfvyfcGifh / pOf;pm;awG;ac:r_ vGwfvyfcGifh ,Hk}unfr_vGwfvyfcGifhESifh t,ltq vGwfvyfcGifh±dSonf ? (2) udk;uG,f&mbmomapmifhxdrf;r_tm; atmufygta}umif;t&mrsm; atmufwGifEdkif

iHawmf odk@r[kwfEdkifiHawmfaxmufyHhaom ,EW,m;wGifjyKvkyfEdkifonf ? (u) ,if;apmifhxdrf;r_wdk@onf trsm;jynfoltm%mydkifrsm; / csrSwfxm;aompnf;rsOf; pnf;urf; ESifhudkufnDjcif; / (c) udk;uG,fr_wdk@tm;r#waom tajccHay:usif;yjcif;/ (*) ,if;wdk@odk@wufa&mufr_onf tcrJ@ESifh rdrdqENtavsmufjzpfjcif;/ (3) (u) Ttydk'fonf atmufygwdk@tm; todtrSwfjyKjcif;Oya'jyKr_tm; wm;qD;jcif;r jzpfay?

(1) "avhxHk;wef;pOfvm w&yf&yf odk@r[kwf udk;uG,f&m bmom/ vlyk*~dKvf qdkif&m odk@r[kwf rdom;pkOya'pepfw&yft& xdrf;jrm;r*Fvmðyjcif; /

(2) vlydk*~dKvf ESifhrdom;pk.rnfonfh ±dk;&m'"avh Oya'w&yf&yf odk@r[kwfoD; jcm;udk;uG,f&mbmom w&yftm;ouf0if,Hk}unfolrsm; pGJudkifxm;aom pepfrsm; ?

( c)tydk'fcGJ (u) tm;usifhoHk;&mwGif Ttydk'fESifh ‚if;zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'. tjcm;aomjyXmef;csufrsm;ESifh ‚if;nDnGwfr_±dSap&rnf ? vGwfvyfpGmxkwfaz:ajymqdkcGifh 16 ? (1)rnfolrqdkvGwfvyfpGm xkwfaz:ajymqdkcGifh ±Sdonf ? ,if;vGwfvyfpGmxkwf az:ajymqdkcGifhwGifatmufygrsm;yg0ifonf ?

(u) vGwfvyfpGmyHkESdyfxkwfa0cGifh ESifhtjcm;aomowif;jzef@csDcGifh / ( c) vGwfvyfpGmowif; odk@r[kwfoabmxm;rsm; tm;vufcHcGifhodk@r[kwfa0iSjzef@csD

csDcGifh (* ) vGwfvyfpGm tEkynmwDxGifydkifcGif/hESifh

(C) ynmoif,lr_vGwfvyfcGifh ESifhody`HokawoejyKr_ vGwfvyfcGifh (2) tykd'fcGJ (1) wGifyg±Sdonf wdk@onfatmufygwdk@txdus,f jyef@r_r±Sdap& ? (u) ppftwGuf 0g'jzef@csDjcif;/ ( c) jzpftHhqJqJ t}urf;zufr_tm;vH_aqmfr_ / odk@r[kwf/ (* ) vlrsdK;a&;/ rsdK;EG,fpk / vdifodk@r[kwf udk;uG,f&mbmomtm; tajccHonfhrkef; wD;jcif;udk axmufulr_jzpfapjyD; tEW&,ftm; vH_aqmfapEdkifr_ ? pka0;cGifh / qENjycGifh / oydwfwm;cGifh / toem;cHpmwifcGifh

Page 11: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

1117 ? rnfolrqdk jidrf;csrf;pGmESifhvufeufrukdifaqmifbJ pka0;cGifh / qENjycGifh / oydwfwm;cGifh ESifh toem;cHpmwifcGifh tcGifhta&;±Sdonf ? vGwfvyfpGmaygif;oif;qufqHr_ 18 ? vlwdkif;onf vGwfvyfpGmaygif;oif;qufqHr_ tcGifhta&;±Sdonf ? EdkifiHa&;tcGifhta&;rsm; 19? (1) EdkifiHom;wdkif;onf/ atmufygudpP&yfrsm;tygt0if EdkifiHa&;a±G;cs,fr_wdk@tm;vGwf

vyfpGmvkyfEdkifonf ? (u) EdkifiHa&;ygwDw&yftm; zGJ@pnf;wnfaxmifjcif;/ (c) EdkifiHa&;ygwDwck. vkyf±Sm;r_rsm;wGifyg0ifjcif; odk@r[kwf EdkifiHa&;ygwDwckt wGuftoif;0ifrsm;pkaqmif;jcif; ESifh / (*) EdkifiHa&;ygwDwcktwGuf odk@r[kwfta&;wcktwGuf rJqG,fw&m;a[mjcif; ? (2) EdkifiHom;wdkif;onf zGJ@pnf;tajccHOya'owfrSwfcsufrsm;t& zGJ@pnf; wnfaxmif

xm;aom Oya;jyKjcif;tzGJ@wckck. vGwfvyfaom w&m;rr#waomESifh yHkrSefusif; yaoma±$;aumufyGJrsm;. tcGifhta&;±Sdonf ?

(3) ouf}uD;EdkifiHom;wdkif;onf / (u) zGJ@pnf;yHk tajccHOya't& wnfaxmifxm;aom Oya'jyKjcif; tzGJ@wckck./

a±G;aumufyGJrsm;wGif rJay;ydkifcGifh±SdjyD; ,if;rJay;ydkifcGifhtm;v#d0Sufvkyfaqmif& rnf / xkdjyif

(c) trsm;jynfolk &mxl;ae&mtwGuf yg0ifa±G;cs,fydkifcGifh±SdjyD; a±G;cs,fcH&ygu&m xl;wGif wm0ef,ljcif;/ tcGifhta&;±Sdonf ?

EdkifiHom;jzpfjcif;tcGifhta&; 19 ? rnfonfhEdkifiHom; wOD;wa,mufudkr# EdkifiHom;jzpfjcif; rS±kyfodrf;Ir&ap& ? vGwfvyfpGmoGm;vmcGifh ESifhaexdkifcGifh 20 ? (1) vlwdkif;onfvGwfvyfpGmoGm;vmcGifh tcGifhta&;±Sdonf ? (2) vlwdkif;onf orRwEdkifiHrS xGufoGm;ydkifcGifh tcGifhta&;±Sdonf ? (3) EdkifiHom;wdkif;onf orRwEdkifiHtwGif;odk@0ifa&mufcGifh / aecGifhESifh rnfonfha'o wGifrqdkaexdkifcGifh tcGifhta&;±Sdonf ?

(4) EdkifiHom;wdkif;onf EdkifiHul;vufrSwf&ydkifcGifh tcGifhta&;±Sdonf ? v$wfvyfpGmukefoG,f r_ / tvkyfvkyfudkifr_ESifh toufarG;0rf;ausmif;r_ 22? EdkifiHom;wdkif;onf rdrd.ukefoG,fr_/ tvkyfvkyfudkifr_ odk@r[kwftoufarG;0rf;a}umif;

r_tm; vGwfvyfpGma±$;cs,f&ef tcGifhta&;±dSonf? ukefoG,fr_/ tvkyfvkyfudkifr_ odk@r[kwf touf arG;0rf;a}umif;r_tm; Oya'jyKay;Edkifonf ?

Page 12: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

12

tvkyform; ta&;udpPrsm; 23? (1) vlwdkif;onf w&m;r#waomtvkyform;tcGifhta&;rsm;tm; &ydkifcGifhtcGifhta&; ±Sdonf ? (2) tvkyform;wdkif;onf (u) tvkyform; or*~w&yfzGJ@pnf; jcif;ESifhyg0ifjcif;/ (c ) tvkyform; or*~wck.v_yf±Sm;r_ ESifhtpDtpOfrsm;wGif yg0ifvkyfaqmifjcif; ESifh (* ) oydwfarSmufjcif; / -tcGifhta&;±Sdonf ? ( 3) tvkyf±Sifwkdif;onf ? (u) tvkyf±Sifrsm;tzGJ@tpnf; w&yftm;zGJ@pnf;jcif;ESifh yg0ifjcif;/ ESifh ( c) tvkyf±Sifrsm;tzGJ@tpnf;. vkyf±Sm;r_rsm;ESifh tpDtpOfrsm;wGifyg0ifvkyfaqmif jcif; - tcGifhta&;±Sdonf ? (4 ) tvkyform;or*~wdkif;ESifh tvkyf±Sifrsm;tzGJ@tpnf;wdkif;onf (u) rdrdtzGJ@. tkyfcsKyfa&;qdkif&mtpDtpOfrsm;ESifh v_yf±Sm;r_rsm; ? ( c) pnf;±Hk;a&;vkyfaqmifr_ / ESifh ( *) z,f'a&; ±Sif;w&yftm;zGJ@pnf;jcif;ESifh tzGJ@0ifjzpfjcif;-tcGifhta&;±Sdonf ?

(5) tvkyform; or*~wdkif;/ tvkyf±Sifrsm; tzGJ@tpnf;wdkif;ESifh tvkyf±Sif wdkif;onf pkaygif;tay;t,lvkyfjcif;wGif yg0ifjcif;ta&;tcGifh±Sdonf ? pkaygif;tay;t,l vkyf jcif;tm; xdrf;csKyf&eftwGuf trsdK;om;Oya'jyXmef;jcif; jyKEdkifonf ? Tt

cef;tm; Oya'jyKr_jzifh tcGifhta&;owfrSwf&mwGif yk'fr 36 (1) ESifh tnDjzpf ap&rnf ?

(6) trsdK;om; Oya'jyKr_onf pkaygif;oabmwlnDcsuf rsm;wGif yg0ifaom orRw .vHkjcHKa&;qdkif&m tpDtpOfrsm;tm; todtrSwfjyKEdkifonf ? Ttcef;tm; Oy a'jyKr_ jzifh tcGifhta&;owfrSwf&mwGif yk'fr 36 (1) ESifhtnDjzpf&rnf ?

o bm0ywf0ef;usif 24 ? vlwdkif;onf (u) ‚if;wdk@. usef;rma&;odk@r[kwf om,m0ajyma&;tm; tEW&,frjzpfapaomo bm0ywf0ef;usif ESifh (c ) ,ae@ESifhtem*gwf rsdK;qufrsm;. tusdK;aus;Zl;tvdk@iSm obm0ywf0ef;usif tm; tumtuG,fay;r_tm; Oya'jyKjcif;jzifh‚if; tjcm;vkyfaqmifjcif;jzifh‚if; vkyfaqmifr_wGif (1 ) npfnrf;apjcif; ESifhywf0efusif owWavmutm; odrfzsif;apjcif;tm;wm; qD;jcif; ? ( 2) xdrf;odrf;apmifha±Smufr_ ajrawmifajrmufay;jcif; ? ( 3) usdK;a}umif;av#mfnDaom pD;yGm;a&;ESifh vlr_a&;zGH@jzdK;r_ twGuf obm0o ,HZmwypPnf;rsm; toHk;jyKaqmif±Guf&mwGif ywf0ef;usif owWavmu tm; ±Sifoefapaom zGH@jzdK;r_tm; tumtuG,fay;jcif; tcGifh±Sdonf? ypPnf;ydkifqdkifcGifhtcGifhta&;

Page 13: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

1325 ? (1) taxGaxG t}uHK;0ifr_ Oya't&rSwyg; rnfolr# ypPnf;ydkifqdkifcGifh ±kyfodrf;cH&jcif; r±Sdap& ? rnfonfhOya'r# Oya'ESifhtnDr[kwfaom ypPnf;ydkifqdkif

cGifh ±kyfodrf;jcif;tm;cGifhrjyK& ? (2) taxGaxGt}uHK;0ifr_ Oya'

(u) vlxktudsK;wGuf &nf±G,fjcif; odk@r[kwfvlxktusdK;jyKtwGuf jzpfjcif; / ESifh

( c) wefzdk;/ tcsdefESifh tca}u;aiGay; yHkay;enf;wdk@tm;xdcdkuf ESpfemjcif;cH&ol rsm;. oabmwlnDr_&±Sdjcif; / odk@r[kwf w&m;cHk±Hk;rS tqHk;jzwfay;jcif; odk@r[kwf cGifhjyKjcif; t&av#mfa}u;ay;jcif;- t&om ypPnf;rsm;tm;odrf;,l Edkifonf (3) av#mfa}u;yrm%ESifh tcsdefESifhtca}u;aiGay;yHkay;enf;onf r#wjcif;ESihf w&m; jcif; ±Sd&rnf ? ,if;r#wjcif;ESifh w&m;jcif;onf vlxktwGuf tusdK;jzpfxGef;r_ESifh xdcdkufESpfemolrsm; pyf}um;csdefqay;r_wdk@tm; pyfqdkifaeaom tajctaersm; tm; xnfh0if pnf;pm;&mwGif- (u) ydkifqdkif ypPnf;tm;vufiif;umvwGif toHk;jyKr_/ (c ) ydkifqdkif ypPnf;tm;&,lcJ@yHkESifh toHk;jyKyHkordkif; / ( *) ydkifqdkif ypPnf;.umvwefbdk; /

(C) &,lcJh&mwGif EdkifiHawmfrS wdkuf±dkufyg0ifaom &if;ESD;jrSKyfESHaiG ESifhaxmufyHhaiG yrm%ESifh ydkifqdkifypPnf; wdk;wufaumif;rGefr_ twGuf tudsK;jzpfrwifaiG/ ESifh/

( i) ±kyfodrf;r_. &nf±G,fcsuf/ - rsm;yg0ifap&rnf ? (4 ) Ttydkif;. &nf±G,fcsufrsm;twGuf (u) vlxktusdK;aus;Zl;wGif ajr,mjyKjyifa&;pepf ESifhawmiftmz&du. obm0 o,HZmw ypPnf;tvHk;pHkwdk@tm; w&m;r#wpGm oHk;ydkifcGifh tcGifht vrf; jyK jyifa&; pepfrsm;ESifh / ( c) ydkifqdkifypPnf;onf ajr,mwGifomuef@owfrxm;jcif; (5) EdkifiHawmfonf rdrdaqmif±GufEdkifaom abmiftwGif;wGifEdkifiHom;rsm;ajr,mrsm;udk w&m;r#waomtajccHay:wGif &Edkifa&;twGuftajctaersm;tm; ajrawmifajrmuf ay;&rnf ? (6) twdwfrS vlrsdK;a&;t& tqifhtwef;cGJjcm;r_ Oya'rsm; odk@r[kwfusifh oHk;r_rsm; a}umifh rdrd.ajr,mydkifqdkifcGifhtm; Oya't&vufvGwfqHk;±H_;jcif;cH&olvl yk*~dKvf wOD;odk@r[kwf vltzGJ@tpnf;wzGJ@onf ygvDrmeftufOya' w&yf. owfrSwfaom twdkif;twm txdOya't&ydkifqdkifcGifh odk@r[kwf Ed_if;omaomay;av#mfjcif;tm; &ydkifcGifh±Sdonf ? (&) ZGefv (19) &ufae@ 1913 ckESpfaemufydkif;wGiftwdwfrS vlrsdK;a&;t&tqifhtwef; cGJjcm;r_ Oya'rsm;odk@r[kwf usifhoHk;r_rsm;a}umifh rdrdydkifqdkif ypPnf;odrf;,lcH&ol vl yk*~dKvfwOD; odk@r[kwf vl@tzGJ@tpnf; wzGJ@onfygvDrmeftufOya'w&yf. owfrSwfaom twdkif;twmtxd ydkifqdkifypPnf;tm; tpm;ay;jcif; odk@r[kwf w&m;r#wpGm ay;av#mfjcif;tm; &ydkifcGifh±Sdonf ? (* ) Ttydk'fcGJwGifjyXmef;csufwpHkwckonf EdkifiHawmfrSOya'jyKr_jzifh ‚if;tjcm;vkyf aqmifr_rsm;jzpf‚if; twdwfrSvlrsdK;a&;tqifhtwef;cGJjcm;r_tudsK;a}umif;rsm;tm; epfemr_ay;av#mfjcif;twGuf ajr,m;a&;ESifhywfoufr_ ±Sdaomjyifqifa&;vkyfief; rsm;aqmif±Guf&mwGif yk'fr 36 (1)wGifyg±SdaomjyXmef;csufrsm;t&jzpfaomf qD;

Page 14: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

14 wm;jcif;rjzpfap& ?

(9) tydk'fcGJ (6) wGifnGef;xm;csuftm; ygvDrmefrS Oya'jyXmef;&rnf? tdk;tdrfydkifqdkifcGifhtcGifhta&; 26 ? (1) vlwdkif;onf vHkavmufaomae&mxdkifcif;&ydkifcGifh tcGifhta&;±Sdonf / (2) TtcGifhta&;tm; tqifhqifhtaumiftxnfaz:r_ &±Sda&;twGuf EdkifiHawmfonf rdrdaqmif±GufEdkifpGrf;aomabmiftwGif;rS tusdK;oifhta}umif;oifh Oya'jyKay;jcif; ESifh tjcm;aqmif±Gufay;r_wdk@tm;vkyfaqmifay;&rnf ? (3) w&m;±Hk;rS ywfoufaeaomtajctaersm;tm; avhvmoHk;oyfjyD; trdef@csrSwfr_r ±Sdygu rnfolrS rdrdwdk@aetdrfrS ESifxkwfypfjcif; odk@r[kwf‚if;wdk@aetdrftm;jzdKzsuf jcif; rvkyf& ? usef;rma&;jyKpkapmifha±Smufr_ / tpm;tpm / a&ESifhvlr_ vHkjcHKa&; 27 ? (1) vlwdkif;onf / (u) rsdK;yGm;jcif; / usef;rma&;jyKpkapmifha±Smufr_tygt0if / usef;rma&;jyKpkapmifh a±Smufr_ tpDtpOfrsm; / ( c) vHkavmufaomtpm;tpm/ a&/ ESifh ( *) ‚if;wdk@ESifh ‚if;wdk@rSDcdkolrsm;tm; axmufyHhr_rvkyfEdkifolrsm;twGuf avsmfuef aomvlr_a&;taxmuftultygt0if vlr_a&;vHkjcHKr_ - -wdk@tm;& ydkifcGifhtcGifht&;±Sdonf ? (2) TtcGifhta&;wcktm; tqifhqifhtaumifxnfaz:r_&±Sda&;twGuf EdkifiHawmfonf rdrdaqmif±GufEdkifpGrf;aomabmiftwGif;rS tudsK;oifhta}umif;oifh Oya'jyKay;jcif; ESifhtjcm;aqmif±Gufay;r_wdk@tm;vkyfaqmifay;&rnf ? (3) rnfoludkr#ta&;ay:aq;ukor_twGuf jiif;y,fjcif; rcHap& ? uav;rsm;tcGifha&; 28 ? (1) uav;wdkif;onf (u) arG;zGm;onfrSpI eHrnfwckESifh EdkifiHwEdkifiH. EdkifiHom;? ( c) rdom;pk. apmifha±Smufr_ odk@r[kwf rdb.apmifha±Smufr_ rdom;pk0ef;usif;rS z,f ±Sm;jcif;cH&csdefwGif av#mfuefaomtpm;xdk;apmifha±Smufr_ / (*) tajccHt[m& / cdkvH_&m / tajccHusef;rma&;jyKpkapmifha±Smufr_ tpDtpOfrsm; ESifh vlr_a&;tpDtpOfrsm; ? (C) rSm;,Gif;aom jyKr_qufqHr_ / vpfvSLjyKxm;r_ / rw&m;toHk;csr_ odk@r[kwf *k%fi,fapjcif; rSumuG,fay;jcif; ? (i) acgif;yHkjzwfvkyfief;usifh oHk;r_rsm;rS tumtuG,fay;jcif;?

(p) (1) uav;touft±G,f vli,fwa,muftwGuf rav#mfuefaom/ (2) uav;. om,ma&; / ynma&; / um, odk@r[kwfnm% odk@r[kwf

pdwf"gwf}uHhckdifa&; / tusifhpm&dwW odk@r[kwf vlr_a&;}uD;xGm;r_ -vkyfief; rsm;wGifvkyfudkif&ef vdktyfjcif; odk@r[kwfvkyfudkif&ef tcGifhay;jcif; ?

(q) tqkH;pGefvkyfaqmifcsufrSwyg; csKyfaESmif;jcif; rjyK&efESifh ,if;odk@zrf;qD;csKyf

Page 15: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

15 aESmif&mwGif yk'fr (12) ESifh (35)wdk@wGifjyXmef;yguav;&ydkifcGifh tcGifhta&; rsm;tjyif / uav;rsm;tm;csKyfaESmif&mwGif twdk;awmif;qHk;aomtcsdefjzpf&

rnfjzpfjyD;- (1)touf (18) ESpftxuf csKyfaESmif;cH&olrsm;rS oD;jcm;csKyfaESmifjcif; / ESifh/ (2)&nfrGefpGm qufqH&efESifh uav;.touft±G,fudkpOf;pm;jyD; av#mfnD

aom tajctaewGifxm;&ef - tcGifhta&;±Sdjcif;/

(p) uav;tm; w&m;rvkyfxkH;vkyfenf;vkyfaqmif&mwGif rw&m;r_ay:aygufvmr_ ckdifvkHpGm±Sdygu EkdifiHawmfrS EkdifiHawmfp&dwfjzifh av;twGufOya' ynm±Sifw OD;tm; xm;ay;jcif;?

(ps) vufeufukdifyÉdyuQwGif wkduf±kduftokH;rðyjcif;ESifh vufeufukdifyÉdyuQmum vwGif tumtuG,fay;jcif;

- &ykdifcGifh tcGifhta&;±Sdonf? (2) uav;. taumif;qkH;tusdK;jzpfxGef;r_onf ,if;uav;ESifh oufqkdifaom t

a=umif;t&mwkdif;wGif ta&;}uD;qkH;jzpfonf? (3) Ttykd'fwGif yg0ifaom “ uav;”onf touf (18)ESpfatmufvlyk*~dKvfrsm;tm;

qkdvkkdonf? ynma&;tcGifhta&; 29? (1) vlwkdif;onf?

(u) ouf}uD; tajccHynmtygt0if tajccHynma&;/ ESifh (c) EkdifiHawmfrS av#mfuefaom tpDtpOfrsm; tqifhqifhjzifh &EkdifaomESifh csOf;uyf

Ekdifaom xyfqifhynma&; - &ykdifcGifh tcGifhta&;±Sd&rnf?

(2) vlwkdif;onf ‚if;wkd@a±G;cs,faom ±kH;okH;bmom okd@r[kwfbmomrsm;jzifh ,if;ynm vufawG@us oif=um;ay;Ekdifaom jynfol@ ynma&;taqmuf ttkHwGifynm oif,lcGifh tcGifhta&;±Sdonf? xda&mufaom csOf;uyfr_ ESifh TtcGifhta&;taumif txnfaz:r_tm; aocsmr_±Sdapa&;twGuf EdkifiHawmfonf wck=um;cHt aqmuf ttkHrsm; tygt0if EkdifiHawmfonf? qDav#mfaomynma&; trsdK;rsdK;wkd@tm; xnfh0if pOf;pm;&rnf jzpf+yD; ,if;okd@ pOf;pm;&mwGif (u) w&m;r#wr_ (c) vufawG@taumifxnfaz:vkyfEdkifr_ ESifh (*) twdwfvlrsdK;a&;tqifhtwef;cJGjcm;r_ Oya'rsm;ESifh usifhokH;r_rsm; &v'frsm;tm;

jyefvnf av#mfa=u;qyfr_ vkdtyfr_ - wkd@tm; xnfh0ifpOf;pm;&rnfjzpfonf?

(3) vlwkdif;onf

(u) vlrsdL;a&; tajccHt& tqifhtwef;rcJGaom/ (c) EkdifiHawmfESifh rSwfykHwifaom/ ESifh (*) E_dif;,SOfEkdifaom trsm;jynfolynma&;taqmufttkHrsm;. tqifhxufrESdyfus

aomtqifhtm; xdef;odrf;Ekdifaom/ vGwfvyfonfhynma&; taqmufttkHrsm;tm; rdrdp&ddwfjzifh wnfaxmifjcif;/ xdef;odrf; jcif;tcGifhta&;±Sdonf?

Page 16: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

16(4) tykd'fcJG (3)onfv$yfvyfaom ynma&;taqmufttkHtwGuf EkdifiHawmfrS axmufyHh

aom v$wfvyfaomynma&; taqmufttkHrsm;tm; umuG,fxm;jcif;r±Sday? bmompum;ESifh ,Ofaus;r_tcGifhta&;rsm; 30? vlwkdif;onf ‚if;wkd@a±G;cs,faombmompum;tm; tokH;ðyr_ESifh ,Ofaus;r_toufwm

wGif yg0ifr_tcGifhta&;±Sdonf? okd@aomf,if;tcGifhta&;rsm;tm; usifhokH;&mwGif tcGifht a&;rsm; Oya'rl=urf;wGif jyXgef;xm;aom jyXgef;csufw&yf&yfESifh aoGzDaom ðyenf;ðy[ef tm; rnfolwOD;wa,mufr#vkyfykdifcGifhr±Sday?

,Ofaus;r_qkdif&m / ukd;uG,fbmoma&;qkdif&mESifh bmompum;qkdif&mvlxktzJG@ tpnf;rsm;? 31? (1) ,mOfaus;r_qkdif&m ukd;uG,f&mbmomqkdif&m okd@r[kwfbmompum;qkdif&mvlxkt

zJG@tpnf;w&yfonf ? ,if;vlxktwGif;±Sd tjcm;tzJG@0ifrsm;rS (u) ‚if;wkd@. ,Ofaus;r_wGifaysmfarG@cGifh/ ukd;uG,f&mbmomtm; ukd;uG,fcGifhESifh ‚if;

wkd@ajymqkdaom bmompum;tm; ajymqkdcGifh/ ESifh (c) ,mOfaus;r_qkdif&m/ ukd;uG,f&mbmomqkdif&mESifh bmompum;qkdif&mtzJG@t

pnf;rsm;ESifh tjcm;t&yfbufqkdif&m ,EW&m;rsm;tm; wnfaxmifjcif;/ tzJG@t jzpfyg0ifjcif;ESifh xdef;odrf;jcif;

- tcGifhta&;tm; rjiif;y,f&? (2) tykd'fcJG (1) tcGifhta&;rsm;tm; usifhokH;&mwGif tajccHtcGifhta&;rsm;jyXgef;csufw

&yf&yfESifh aoGzDjcif;r±Sdap&? owif;&,lykdifcGifh 32? (1) rnfolrqkd

(u) EkdifiHawmfrS qkwfukdifxm;aom owif;ta=umif;tcsuf/ ESifh (c) tcGifhta&;w&yf&yftm; taumiftxnfaz:&ef okd@r[kwfumuG,f&eftwGuf

tjcm;olwGif ±Sdaeaomowif;ta=umif;tcsuftm; csOf;uyfcGifhtcGifhta&;±Sd onf?

(2) TtcGifhta&;tm; xda&mufr_±Sdap&eftwGuf trsdK;om;Oya'ðyay;&rnf? EkdifiHawmf . pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_ESifh b¾ma&; 0efxkyf0efykd;tm; oufomap&eftwGuf tusdK;t

a}umif;av#mfnDaom vkyfaqmifr_rsm;tm; aqmif±Gufay;Ekdifonf ? w&m;aomtkyfcsKyfa&;qdkif&maqmif±Gufr_tcifhta&; 33? (1) vlwdkif;onf Oya'ESifh tnDjzpfaom / ta}umif;jcif;&m nDnGwfaomESifh vkyfxHk;vkyf enf;usr#waom tkyfcsKyfa&;qdkif&maqmif±Guf r_tcGifhta&;±Sdonf ? (2) tkyfcsKyfa&;qdkif&maqmif±Gufr_a}umifh rdrdtcGifht&;rsm;qefusif xdcdkufjcif;cH&ol rnf olrqdk pmjzifha&;om;aom ta}umif;jycsufrsm;ay;jcif; tcGifhta&;±Sdonf? (3) TtcGifhta&;rsm;tm; xda&mufapr_±Sdapa&;twGuf trdsK;om;Oya'jyKay;&rnf? xkd

jyif

Page 17: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

17(u) tkyfcsKyfa&;qdkif&maqmif±Gufr_tm; w±Hk;w±Hk; odk@r[kwf/ av#mfuefygu vGwf

vyfjyD; bufrvdkufaom cHk±Hk;wckrSjyefvnf oHk;oyfjcif;tm;ay;xm;&rnf ? ( c) yk'frcGJ (1)ESifh (2) wdk@wGifyg0ifaom tcGifta&;rsm; taumifxnf az:r_t wGuf EdkifiHawmftm; wm0efw&yfay;tyf vkyfaqmifap&rnf ? ( *) u|rf;usifaom tkyfcsKyfa&;pepftm;ajrawmifajrmufay;&rnf ? w&m;±Hk;rsm;odk@ csOf;uyfcGifhtcGifhta&; 34 ? rnfolrqdk Oya'a&;&mt& trsm;jynfol a±S@arSmuf}um;emppfaq;r_jzifh jyomemajz±Sif; Edkifaom tjiif;tyGm;jzpfr_ wpHkw&mtm; w&m;cHk±Hk; wcka±S@arSmufwGif‚if; / odk@r[kwf av#mfuefygu vGwfvyfjyD;bufrvdkufaomtjcm; cHk±Hk;odk@r[kwf[pfwdkifwckwGif‚if;/

wufa&mufcGifh tcGifhta&;±Sdonf ? zrf;qD;jcif; / xdef;csKyfjcif; ESifh pGJcsufwifcH&olrsm; 35 ? (1)jypfr_wcktm; usL;vGefonf[k pGwfpGJjcif;cH&aomrnfolrqdk

(u) qdwfjidrfpGmaejcif; ? (c) (1) qdwfjidrfpGmaexdkifydkifcGifh tcGifhta&;ESifh /

(2) qdwfjidrfpGm raer_a}umifh aemufqufwGJjzpfay:vmEdkifr_rsm; - tm;csuf jcif;today;cH&jcif; ?

(*) ‚if;yk*~dKvf tay:oufaotjzifh toHk;jyKEdkifaomajzmifhcsufay;jcif; odk@r[kwf 0efcHjcif; odk@r[kwf 0efcHjcif;twGuf twif;t"rR cdkif;apjcif; rvkyfEdkifjcif; /

(C) w&m;cHk±Hk;a±S@arSmuf odk@tusdK;a}umif; qDav#mfpGm tjrefqHk; ac:aqmufvm &rnf? jzpfjcif; odk@aomf (1) zrf;qD;jcif;cH&jyD;aemuf 48 em&D odk@r[kwf (2) yxr w&m;±Hk;ae@&ufukefqHk;jyD; 48 em&Donf omrmefw&m;±Hk;em&DwGif

ukefqHk;jcif;odk@r[kwf / omrmefw&m;±HK;ae@r[kwfaomae@ -xufr aemuf usapjcif; ?

(i) tzrf;qD;cH&jyD;aemuf yxrt}udrf w&m;±Hk;a±S@arSmufwGif w&m;pGJqdkjcif; odk@r [kwf qufvufxdef;csKyf&eftwGuf tudsK;ta}umif;tm;today;cH&jcif; odk@r[kwf vGwfvyfay;jcif; ESifh/

(p) av#nDaomta}umif;jycsufjzifh w&m;ol}uD;. cGifhjyKcsufjzifh xdef;csKyfr_rS vGwf ay;jcif; tcGifhta&;±Sdonf ?

(2) tjypfcsrSwf pD&ifjcif;cHol tygt0if xdef;csKyfjcif;cH&olrnfolrqdk (u) xdrf;csKyfcH&jcif;. tusdK;ta}umif;tm; csufjcif; today;cH&jcif; /

(c) Oya'vkyfief; / vkyfaqmifolwOD;tm; a±G;jc,fjcif; / t}uHOm%fawmif;cHjcif; ESifh ‚if;tcGifhta&; ±Sda}umif;tm;csufjcif; today;jcif; /

(*) rw&m;r_ jzpfEdkifa}umif; cdkifcef@ygu EdkifiHawmfrS EdkifiHawmfp&dwfjzifh csKyfaESmifcH &oltwGuf Oya'vkyfief;vkyfaqmifol wOD;tm;wm00efay;tyjcif; ESifh‚if; tcGifhta&;±Sd a}umif; tm;csufjcif; today;cH&jcif;/

Page 18: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

18(C) w&m;cHk±Hk;a±S@arSmufwGifvljzifhcsKyfaESmifcH&r_. w&m;r#wr_tm pdrfac:jcif;ESifh

csKyfaESmif;r_onf w&m;r#wr_r±Sdygu csKyfaESmifcH&r_rSvGwfay;r_ cH&jcif;/ (i) usef;rm;a&;udk,fvufv_yf±Sm;r_ vkyfEdkifcGifhESifh EdkifiHawmf p&dwfjzifh vHkavmuf

aomaep&maexdkifcif; / t[m& / zwf&efpmtkyfpmwef; ESifhaq;0g;uk or_ tygt0ifvl oduQmESifh tnDjzpfaom tajctae atmufwGifcsKyfaESmifjcif; / ESifh

(p ) ,if;yk*~dKvf. (1) tdrfaxmifbufom; odk@r[kwf twlaeol (2) teD;pyfqHk;aqGrsdK; / (3) a±$;cs,faom bmoma&;q&m / ESifh (4) a±$;cs,faomq&m0ef

-wdk@ESifhqufoG,fjcif; ‚if;wdk@rSvma&mufawG@qHkjcif; tcGifhta&;±Sdonf ? (3) w&m;pGJqdkjcif; cH&olrnfolrqdk w&m;aom ppfaq;pD&ifjcif;tm; cHpm;ydkifcGifh t

cGifhta&;±SdjyD; ,if;tcGifhta&;wGif (u) jyefvnfajcyajz}um;Edkif&ef twGufpGwfpGJcH&r_tm;vHk; vHkavmufavmufaom

tao;pdwftoday;cH&jcif; / (c) xkajcr_twGuf jyifqifjcif;jyK&eftwGuf vHkavmufaomtcsdefESifh toHk;t aqmif rsm;&±Sdjcif; /

(*) omrSefw&m;±Hk;a±S@arSmufwGiftrsm;jynfolod / ppfaq;pD&ifjcif; (C) ‚if;wdk@. ppfaq;pD&ifjcif; udkpwifjcif; ESifhjyD;qHk;jcif;tm; ta}umif;rJ@aESifhaES; }uef@}umr_ r±Sdapjcif; / ( i) w&m; ppfaq;pD&ifcsdefwGif±Sdaejcif; / (p ) Oya'vkyfief; vkyfqmifolwOD;tm; a±G;jcif;ESifh udk,fpm;jyKjcif;ESifh ,if;tcGifh

ta&;tm; csufjcif; today;cH&jcif; / (q) rw&m;r_jzpfEdkifa}umif;cdkifcef@yguEdkifiHawmfp&dwfjzifhOya'vkyfief;vkyf aqmifol

wOD;tm; wm0efay;tyfjcif;ESifh ,if;tcGifhta&;±Sda}umif; tm; csufjcif; tod ay;cH&jcif; ?

(Z ) tjypf±Sda}umif; rSwf,ljcif; / qdwfjidrfpGmaeEdkifjcif; ESifhw&m;pGJqdkumvt wGif; oufaorxGufqdkjcif; / (ps ) oufaotaxmuftxm;tm; wifoGif;jcif;ESifh pdrfac:jcif;

(n) rdrdudk,fudk tjypf±Sda}umif; xifa,mifxifrSm; jzpfapEdkifaom oufaot axmuftxm; ay;&eftwif;t}uyfvkyfjcif; raqmif±Gu fEdkifjcif; /

(Ë ) w&m;pGJqdkjcif; cH&ol em;vnfaom bmompum;jzifh w&m;ppfaq;jcif; jyK jcif; odk@r[kwf ,if;odk@vkyfaqmif&ef vufawG@rusygu ppfaq;jcif;tm; ,if;bm ompum; odk@bmomjyefqdkjcif; /

(X) jypfr_usL;vGefpOfumv odk@r[kwf rvkyfbJcsefcJ@r_umvwGif trsdK;om; Oya' odk@r[kwf tjynfjynfqdkif&m Oya't& odk@r[kwf csefcJhr_twGuf tjypf 'g%frcstjypf'g%frcsrSwfEdkifjcif; ?

(È) ,QifumvwGif vkyfaqmifr_ odk@r[kwfrvkyfbJcsefcJhr_a}umifh w&m;aov$wfr_ cH&jcif; odk@r[kwftjypf'%fcsrSwfr_cH&jcif; twGufw&m;pD&if ppfaq;jcif;rjyK &edkifjcif; /

(y) jypfr_usK;vGefpOfumvESifh tjypf'g%fcsrSwfumvtwGif; jypfr_w&yftwGuft jypfowfrSwfxm;jcif;ajymif;vJr_±dSygu ,if;owfrSwfxm;jcif;teuf tjypf'%f tayghtavsmhqHk;jzifhom pD&if&rnf ?

Page 19: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

19 (%) wqifhjrifhw&m;±Hk; odk@t,lcH0ifjcif; odk@r[kwf jyefvSnfoHk;owfjcif; - tcGifhta&;rsm;yg0ifonf ?

(4) Ttydk'fcGJtm; vlwOD;wa,muftm; today;&efvdktyfwdkif; today;r_tm;,if; yk*~dKvfem;vnfaom bmompum;jzifhaqmif±Gufay;&rnf ? (5) tcGifhta&; Oya'rl}urf; w&yf&yftm; csdK;azgufaom vkyfenf;vkyfjcif;jzifh &±Sdaom oufaocHrpPnf;tm; xnfh0iftoHk;jyKjcif;jzifh w&m;ppfaq;r_tm; rw&m;r_ jzpfapEdkif jcif; odk@r[kwf w&m;Oya' taumiftxnfaz:r_tm; xdcdkufESpfemapr_ jzpfapEdkif jcif;±Sdygu ,if;oufaocHypPnf;tm; z,fxm;&rnf ? tcGifhta&;rsm;uef@owfjcif; 36?(1) tajccHtcGifhta&;rsm; jyXgef;csufwGifyg0ifaom tcGifhta&;rsm;tm; uef@owfr_jyK&m

wGiftaxGaxG toHk;jyKr_twGuf xkwfjyefaom Oya'rsm;;jzifhom uef@owfjcif;jyK EdkifjyD; uef@owfjcif; twdkif;twmonf vl*k%foduQmwef;wla&;ESifh vGwfvyfa&; wdk@tay: tajccHonfh yGifhvif;aom 'Drdkua&pD vl@todkif;t0dkif; twdkif;twmt& av#mfuefoifhjrwfjcif;ESifh w&m;r#wjcif;jzpfaom uef@owfr_jzpfum ,if;odk@ aqmif ±Guf&mwGif /

(u) tcGifhta&;. oabmobm0 ( c) uef@owfjcif;. &nf±G,fcsuf ta&;}uD;r_ ( *) uef@owfjcif;. oabmobm0ESifh twdkif;twm /

(C) uef@owfjcif;ESifh &nf±G,fcsufESpfckpyf}um; tjyeftvSef ±Sdr_ ? (i ) ,if;&nf±G,fcsufudkk &±Sda&;twGuf ydwfyifwm;qDr_ydkenf;aom tjcm;vkyf aqmifr_enf;emrsm;

- tygt0ifywfoufr_±Sdaom ta}umif;tcsuftm;vHk;wdktm; xnfh0if pOf;pm;jcif; jyK&rnf ?

(2) tydk'fcGJ (1) wGifjyXmef;xm;csufESifh zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'wGif yg±Sdaom t jcm; jyXmef;csuf wpf&yf&yfrSwyg; tajccHtcGifhta&;rsm;jyXgef;csufwGif tcdkift

rmjyXmef;xm;aom rnfonfhtcGifhta&; w&yf&yfudkr# Oya'jzifh uef@owfjcif;jyK I r&Edkifay?

ta&;ay:tajctae 3& ? (1) ta&;ay:tajctaew&yftm; ygvDreftufOya'w&yft& omv#ifa}unmEdkifjyD; (u) trsdK;om;. touftEW&,ftm; ppfusL;ausmf0ifa&mufr_ taxGaxGyHkuefx }u$r_ / y&rf;ywm Oya'azgufzsufr_obm0ab;tEW&,f ESifhtjcm;trsm;jynf

olta&;ay:r_ ( c) jidrf;csrf;a&;ESifh w&m;Oya' pdk;rdk;a&;vdktyfr_ / twGufa}unmjcif; -wGifom aqmif±GufEdkifonf ? (2) EdkifiHawmfta&;ay:a}unmjcif;ESifh ,if;a}ujimjcif;a}umifhjyKvkyfaom Oya'okd@r [kwf tjcm;vkyfaqmifr_onf ? (u) tvm;tvm ±Sdjcif; ESifh ( c) trsdK;om; vGwfawmfrS a}unmjcif; tcsdefumvtm;wdk; &efqHk;jzwfcsufrcsyg

Page 20: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

20 u a}unmjcif;jyKvkyfaom ae@rSpwifI (21) &ufxufrrsm;jcif; wGifom t }uHK;0ifr_ ±Sdrnfjzpfonf / trsdK;om;v$wfawmfonf EdkifiHawmfta&;ay: t ajctaea}unmr_ w&yftm; w}uDrfv#if (3) vxufrydkaom umvtwGuf oufwrf;wdk;jrSifhr_Edkifonf ? yxrt}udrf EdkifiHawmfawmf ta&;ay:tajct aea}unmr_oufwrf;wdk;jrSifhr_tm;v$wfawmftrSwfOD;a&trsm;pk. axmufcH

qENrJjzifh&,l&rnf? aemufqufwGJoufwef;wdk;r_wdkif;tm;v$wftrwfOD;a& tenf;qkH; (60)&mckdifE_ef;. axmufcHrJjzifh&,l&rnf? Ttykd'fcJGt&oabm wlnDcsuftm; v$wfawmfwGif tacstwifpum; ppfxkd;jcif;jzifhom&,lap& rnf?

(3) rnfonfhtm%mykdifaomw&m;±kH;rqkd - (u) EkdifiHawmfta&;ay:tajctaew&yf a=unmjcif; (c) EkdifiHawmfta&;ay:tajctaea=unmjcif;tm; oufwrf;wkd;jrSifhr_wkdif; okd@r

[kwf (*) EkdifiHawmfta&;ay:tajctaew&yf a=unmjcif;a=umifh jyXgef;aomOya' okd@r

[kwftjcm;vkyfaqmifr_w&yf. tusdK;ta=umif; nDnGwfjcif;±Sdr_tm; qkH;jzwf Ekdifonf?

(4) EdkifiHawmfta&;ay:tajctae w&yfa}unmjcif;. tusdK;quftjzpfjyXmef;aomOy a'wdkif;onf (u) tqifhESdyfusapjcif;onf trSefwu,fta&;ay:tajctae vdktyfr_jzpfjcif; / ESifh ( c) Oya'jyKjcif;onf (1) orRwEdkifiHrS tjynfjynfqdkif&m Oya'tay: ta&;ay: xm;±Sdtyf aomtajctaewGif cH0efcsufESifh udkufnDr_±Sdjcif; / (2) tydk'fcGJ (5) ESifhav#mfnDpGm jzpfaejcif; / ESifh av#mfnDpGmjzpfaejcif; / ESifh (3) Oya'jyXgef;+yD;aemuf usdK;a=umif;qDav#mfpGm tjrefqHk;trsdK;om;aZZuf

wGif ykHESdyfjcif; - tajctaewGif omtajccHtcGifhta&;rsm;jyXgef;csuf twkdif;twmxuf

tqifh ESdyfusjcif;ukdðyEkdifonf? (5) EkdifiHawmfta&;ay: tajctaew&yftm; a=unmjcif;ukd vkyfykdifcGifh tm%may;aom

rnfonfhygvDref tufOya'ESifh a=unmjcif;w&yf. tusdK;qufa=umifhjyXgef;aom Oya'okd@r[kwf tjcm;vkyfaqmifr_ur# (u) rnfonfhrw&m;vkyfaqmifr_a=umifhrqkd EkdifiHawmfokd@r[kwfvl yk*~dKvfwOD;OD;

tm; umuG,fr_ay;jcif;/ (c) Ttykd'fcJGrS tqifhedrfhr_jzpfapjcif;/ okd@r[kwf (*) tqifhedrfhcsIr&aom tcGifhta&;rsm; Z,m;tuGuf (1)wGif az:jyaomtqifh

av#mhcsr_tm; wbuftuGuf(3)wGifyg ±Sdaomav#mhcsr_twkdif;twmtxd cGifhjyKjcif; okd@r[kwf vkyfykdifcGifhtm%may;jcif; vkyfIr&?

t cGkifhta&;rsm;avsmhcsjcif;rðyEkdifaomZ,m;

Page 21: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

21

tydk'f trSwf

tydk'f acgif;pOf

tcGifhta&;tumtuG,fxm;r_ twdkif;twm

9 wef;wlr_ vlrsdK; / ta&mif/ rsdK;EG,fpkodk@ r[kwf vlr_a&;tajc Tjrpf / vdif/ udk;uG,fbmom / odk@r[kwf bmompum; / a}umif;rw&m; tqifhtwef;cGJjcm; jcif;

10 vl@*k%foduQm vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;

11 touf±SifcGifh vHk;vHk;vsm;vsm;

12 vlyk*~dKvf wOD;. v$wfvyfr_ESifh vHkjcHKjcif;

tydk'f cGJ(1) (C) ESifh ( i ) ESifh 2 (*)

13 u|efjyKjcif; / cdkif;apjcif; / t"rRtvkyfcdkif;jcif;

u|efjyKjcif; ESifhcdkif;apjcif; ESifhywfoufI

28 uav;oli,f -tykd'fcGJ ( 1 ) (C) ESifh ( I ) -tydk'fcGJ (1) (q) . trSwf (1) ESifh (2) qdkif&mtcGifh ta&;ESifh -tykd'fcGJ (1) (ps ) . ( 15 ) ESpfESifh atmufuav; - ESifhywfoufI

35 zrf;qD;jcif; csKyfaESmijfcif; ESifh pGyfpGJjcif cH&aomyk*~dKvf

-tydk'f cGJ (1) (u) (c) ESifh (*) ESifh (2) (C) - tydk'fcGJ (3) ESifh trSwf (u) rS ( )

txdtcGifhta&; rsm;/ trSwf (C) rSty

- tydk'fcGJ (4) ESifh - oufaotaxmuftxm; w&yfryg0if r_a}umifh

ppfaq;pD&ifr_ rw&m;r_jzpf Edkifjcif;Esifhpyfqdkifaom tydk'fcGJ (5)

(6) ta&;ay:tajctae a=umnmjcif;aemufqufwJGa=umifh vlwOD;wa,muftm;

w&m; ppfaq;r_r±SdbJ xdrf;odrf;xm;wkdif; atmufyguef@ owfcsufrsm;tm; vkdufem &rnf?

(u) rdom;pkvl}uD;wOD;okd@r[kwf rdwfaqGwOD;tm; tusdk;a=umif;qDav#mfaom t jref qkH;tcsdefumvtwGif; qufoG,fr_,l+yD; ‚if;yk*~dKvfxdrf;odrfxm;jcif;cH& a=umif;tm; today;&rnf?

(c) txdrf;odrf;cH&ol. trnfESifh ‚if;tm;xdrf;csKyfxm;aomt&yfa'otm; ‚if; tm;xdrf;csKyf&jcif;. ta&;ay:umvtajctae rnfonfhtcsufa=umifh xdrf;

Page 22: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

22csKyf&jcif;tm; az:jyI ‚if;yk*~dKvfxdrf;odrfcH&aomae@rS ig;&uftwGif; tpkd;&jyef wrf;wGif ykHESdyfxkwfa0&rnf?

(*) xdrf;csKyfcH&oltm; aq;q&m0efwOD;ukd a±G;jc,fjcif;ESifh vma&mufawG@qHkcGifhtm; tusdK;ta}umif; qDav#mfr_±Sdaom rnfonfhtcsdefumvwGifrqkd vma&muf awG@qkHcGifhtm; cGifhðy& rnf? (C) xdrf;csKyfcH&oltm; Oya'a&;&mwwfu|rf;ol wOD;ukda±G;jc,fjcif;ESifhusdK;a=umif; qDav#mfr_±Sdaom rnfonfhtcsdefumvwGifrqkd vma&mufawG@qkHcGifhtm; cGifhhjyK&rnf? ( i) w&m;±kH;wckonf xdrf;csKyfcH&oltm; tusdK;ta=umif;qDav#mfr_tay: t jrefqkH; =um;emppfaq;r_ðy&rnf? okd@aomf xkd=um;emppfaq;aom ae&uf onf ‚if;yk*~dKvfxdrf;csKyfjcif; cH&aom ae@rS (10)&ufxuf raemufusap&? 0wfydjym;a&; ESifhw&m;Oya' pkd;rkd;a&; jyefvnf&±Sdapa&; vkdtyfr_twGuf qufvufxdrf;csKyf&ef vkdtyfr_rSwyg; w&m;±kH;awmfrS ‚if;yk*~dKvftm; v$wf

ay;&rnf? (p ) yk'frcGJ (i) .ppfaq;r_t&v$wfay;jcif; rcH&aom xdrf;csKyfjcif;cH&ol odk@r[kwf

Tyk'frcGJt& v$wfay;jcif; rcH&aom xdrf;csKyfjcif; cH&olwOD;onf ,Qifppf aq;r_. (10 ) &ufaemufydkif; rnfonfhae@&ufwGifrqdk w&m;wckxH xdrf; csKyf ay:xyfrH ppfaq;r_twGufav#mufxm;EdkifjyD; jidrf0yfydjym;a&;ESifh Oy

a'pdk;rdk; a&;twGuf qufvufxdef;csKyf&ef rvdktyfygu w&m;±Hk;rS xdef;csKyfcH &oltm; vGwfay;&rnf ?

( q) xdef;csKyfjcif;cH&olonf xdef;csKyfr_tm; ppfaq;r_ajymaomrnfonfh w&m;±Hk; odk@rqdk vludk,fwdkifwufa&mufjcif;tm; cGifhjyK&rnfjzpfjyD; ,if;}um;emppf aq;r_rsm;wGif Oya'toufar$;0rf;a}umif;jyKol wOD;.udk,fpm;jyKjcif; udk& ,l&rnfjzpfjyD; a±S@qufxdef;csKyfr_tm; qef@usifaomawmif;qdkcsufrsm;vkyf &rnf ? ( Z) EdkifiHawmfonf xdef;csKyfcH&oltm; qufvufxdef;csKyf&eftwGuf vdktyfjcif; ta}umif;jycsuftm; w&m;±Hk;odk@pmjzifha&;om;wifoGif;&rnf jzpfjyD; ,if; ta}umif;jycsuf rdxWLpmwapmiftm; ppfaq;r_rjyKrSD tenf;qHk;ESpf&uf t csdefwGif xdef;csKyfjcif;cH&oltm; ay;&rnf ?

( & ) w&m;±Hk;rS xdef;csKyfcH&olwOD;tm; v$wfay;ygu EdkifiHawmfrS w&m;±Hk;tm; ‚if; yk*~dKvftm; jyefvnfxdef;csKyf&eftwGuf aumif;aomta}umif;jyjcif;tm; yxrjy jyD;rS xdef;csKyfjcif;rSwyg; ‚if;yk*~dKvftm; ,Qifta}umif;jycsufrsm;jzifh xyfrHcsKyf xdef;jcif; rjyKEdkifay ? ( * ) tydk'fcGJ (6) ESifh (&) wdk@onf awmiftmz&duEdkifiHom; r[kwf olrsm;ESifh tjynfjynf qdkifvufeufudkif yÉdyuQa}umifh xdef;csKyfcH&olrsm;twGuf t}uHK0ifr_r±Sday? ,if; odk@aomolrsm;twGuf tjynfjynfqdkif&mvlom;pmemr_. orRwEdkifiH tay: csnf aESmifxm;r_tm; EdkifiHawmfrS vdkufemvkyfaqmif&rnf ? tcGifhta&;rsm;tm; vdkufemaqmif±Gufapjcif; 38? Tyk'frwGif xnfh0ifaz:jyxm;aom rnfolrqkd tajccHtcGifhta&; jyXgef;csufw&yf&yf csdK;azmufcH&jcif; okd@r[kwf csdef;ajcmufcH&jcif;a=umifh tm%mykdif w&m;±kH;wcktm;

Page 23: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

23 csOf;uyfykdifcGifh ±Sd+yD; w&m;±kH;rS tcGifhta&;rsm; xkwfjyefa=unmr_tygt0if av#mfuefaom

oufomr_ ay;Ekdifonf? w&m;±kH;okd@csOf;uyfEkdifolrsm;rSm (u) rdrdtusdK;aus;Zl;twGuf aqmif±Gufolrnfolrqkd ( c ) rdrd.trnfemrjzifh vkyfaqmifEkdifpGrf;r±Sdolrsm;/ ukd,fpm;aqmif±Gufolrnfolrqkd ( * ) vlwpkwzJG@ okd@r[kwf vlwef;pm;w&yf. tzJG@0ifwOD;tjzpf okd@r[kwf ‚if;wkd@. tusdk; aus;Zl;twGuf aqmif±Gufolrnfolrqkd (C) trsm;jynfol tusdK;aus;ZL;twGuf aqmif±Gufolrnfolrqkd/ ESifh ( i) rdrdtzJG@0ifrsm;twGufaqmif±GufaomtzJG@tpnf;w&yf - wkd@jzpfonf?

tajccHtcGifhta&; jyXgef;csuftm; t"dyg,fazmfaqmifjcif; 39? (1) tajccHtcGifhta&;jyXgef;csuf t"dy`g,fzGifhqkd&mwGif w&m;±kH;wck/ ckH±kH;tzJG@wzJG@ okd@r

[kwfjynfol@tjrif[pfwkdif±kH;wckonf? (u) vl@*k%foduQg/ wef;wla&;ESifh vGwfvyfa&;wkd@tm; tajccHonfh zGifhxm;aom

'Drkdu&ufwpf vl@abmif. wefzdk;tm; ajrawmifajrmufay;&rnf? (c) tjynfjynfqkdif&mOya'tm; xnfh0ifpOf;pm;&rnf? xkd@jyif (*) EkdifiHjcm;Oya'tm; xnfh0ifpOf;pm;Ekdifonf?

(2) Oya'jyXgef;csufw&yftm; t"dy`g,fzGifhqkd&mwGif‚if; omrefOya' okd@r[kwf xkH;wef;" avhOya'tm; zGH@jzKd;wkd;wufap&mwGif‚if; w&m;±kH;/ ckH±kH;/ [pfwkdif ±kH;wkdif;onf tcGifhta&;rsm;Oya'rl=urf;. pdwf"gwf/ tm±kHESifh &nfrSef;csufrsm;tm; ajrawmif ajrmuf ay;jcif;aqmif±Guf&rnf?

(3) tajccHtcGifhta&;jyXgef;csufonf omrefOya'/ "avhxkH;wef;Oya' okd@r[kwf Oya'ðy jyXgef;jcif;rS todtrSwfðyaom okd@r[kwftyfESif;aom tjcm;tcGifhta&;rsm; okd@r [kwf vGyfvyfr_rsm;onf jyXgef;csufESifh nDnGwfr_±Sdygu tjcm;tcGifhta&;rsm; okd@r[kwf vGwfvyfr_wpkHwckukdr# jiif;y,fr_rðyay?

tcef;(3)

yl;aygif;aqmif±Guftpkd;&

orRwEkdifiH.tpkd;& 40? (1) orRwEkdifiHwGif tpkd;&tm; trsdK;om;/ pD&ifpkESifh a'oEW&[laomuGJjym;vGwfvyfESifh

tjyeftvSefqufEG,fr_±Sdaom tpkd;&rsm;jzifh zJG@pnf;xm;onf?

Page 24: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

24(2) tpkd;&t0ef;t0dkif; tm;vkH;onf Ttcef;wGifyg±Sdaom tajccHrlrsm;tm;vkH;tm;

vkdufemjcif;ESifh apmifhxdef;jcif;ðy&rnfjzpf+yD; ‚if;wkd@vkyfaqmifr_wkd@tm; Ttcef; rSay;xm;onfh abmiftwGif;wGifvkyfaqmif&rnf?

yl;aygif;aqmif±Guftpkd;&.tajccHrlrsm;ESifh tpkd;&twGif;tjyeftvSefqufqHr_ 41? (1) tpkd;&t0ef;t0kdif; tm;vkH;ESifh EkdifiHawmf,EW&m;tm;vkH;. t0ef;t0kdif;wckpD twGif;

wGif - (u) jidrf;csrf;a&;/ trsdK;om;pnf;vkH;nDnGwfa&;ESifh orRwEkdifiHtm; cJGIr&jcif;ukd um

uG,fapmifha±Smuf&rnf? ( c ) orRwEkdifiH. jynfolvlxkrsm;. aumif;usdK;csrf;omukd vkHðcHr_ay;&rnf? ( * ) orRwEkdifiH wEkdifiHvkH;twGuf jrifomaom / wm0efcHr_±Sdaom "rR"dXgefusaom/ tkyfcsKyfr_tm;ay;aqmif&rnf? (C) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya'/ orRwEkdifiHESifh EkdifiHolEkdifiHom;rsm;tay:opPm±Sd& rnf ? (i ) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya' ta&;ygr_/ taqmufttkHrsm;/ tm%mrsm;ESifh tjcm;t0ef;t0kdif; wGif±Sdaom tpkd;&. vkyfief;rsm;tm;±kdao&rnf? (p) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya't& ‚if;wkd@tm;tyfESif;xm;aom tm%mrS

okd@r[kwfvkyfief;rsm;rSwyg; tjcm;tm%m okd@r[kwf vkyfief;wpkHwcktm; wm 0efr ,l&ay?

(q) tm%mrsm; okd@r[kwfvkyfief;rsm; usifhokH;&mwGif tjcm;t0ef;t0kdif; wckwGif±Sd aom e,fajrvkyfief; okd@r[kwf taqmufpkzJG@r_tm; xdyg;usL;ausmf rjzpfaom enf;[efjzihf aqmif±Gufonf?

(Z) tjyeftvSeftm;xm;r_ESifh aumif;jrwfaom,kH=unfr_jzifh (1) rdwfaqGaygif;oif; qufqHr_tm; ajrawmifajrSmufay;jcif;/ (2) wOD;ESifhwOD;ulnDjcif; ESifhtaxmuftulðyjcif; (3) tusdK;xlcHpm;r_ udpPrsm; tay:wOD;ESifhwOD; today;r_ðyjcif;ESifh wOD;ESifhwOD;

wkdifyifaqG;aEG;jcif;/ (4) oabmwlvkyfenf;vkyf[efrsm; tay:pJGukdifjcif;/ ESihf (5) wOD;ESifhwOD;Oya'pJGqkdr_ðyjcif;tm; a±SmifusOfjcif; tm;jzifh wOD;ESifhwOD;yl;wJG

vkyfaqmifonf? (2) ygvDreftufOya'w&yfonf

(u) tpdk;&twGif; qufqHr_tm; ðypkysdK;axmif&ef okd@r[kwftusdk;aqmif&eftwGuf zJG@pnf;wnfaqmufykH okd@r[kwf zJG@pnf;wnfaxmifjcif;wkd@tm; wnfaxmif

jcif; okd@r[kwfpDpifay;jcif;/ ESifh (c) tpkd;&twGif; tjiif;yGg;r_rsm;tm; ajz±Sif;&mwGif tusdK;aqmif&ef twGuf av#mf uefaom,EW&m; okd@r[kwf vkyfxkH;wkd@tm; pDpOfay;jcif; - wkd@tm;aqmif±Guf ay;&rnf?

(3) tpkd;&twGif; jzpfay:aom jiif;yGg;r_w&yfwGif ywfoufaeaom EkdifiHawmf ,EW&m; w&yfonf tjiif;yGg;r_tm; w&m;±kH;rS ajz±Sif;apjcif;rðyrSD jyXgef;xm;aom ,EW&m; ESifh vkyfxkH;rsm;t&tjiif;yGg;r_tm; ajz±Sif;r_twGuf usdK;a=umif;av#mfnDaom usdK;pm;

tm;xkwfr_ tm;vkH;ESifh tjcm;ukxkH;tm;vkH;wkd@tm; vkyfaqmif&rnf?

Page 25: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

25(3) w&m;±kH;rS tykd'fcJG(3)wGif vkdtyfcsufrsm;tm; jznfhqD;jcif;f tay:auseyfr_r±Sdygu

tjiif;yGg;r_tm; yg0ifywfoufaeaom EkdifiHawmf ,EW&m;rsm;okd@ jyefvnfay;ykd@Ekdif onf?

tcef;(4)

ygvDref

ygvDrefzJG@pnf;ykH 42? (1)ygvDrefukd

(u) trsdK;om;v$wfawmf/ ESifh

Page 26: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

26(c) pD&ifpka'orsm; trsdK;om;aumifpD jzifhzJG@pnf;onf?

(2) trsdk;om;v$wfawmfESifh pD&ifpka'orsm; trsdK;om;aumifpDwkd@onf Oya'ðyr_ vkyf aqmifcsuftpDtpOftm; zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'wGif csrSwfxm;onfhtwkdif; aqmif±Gufonf? (3) trsdK;om;v$wfawmfonf jynfoljynfom;wkd@tm; ukd,fpm;ðy&efESifh zJG@pnf;ykHtajc

cHOya'atmufwGif jynfolrSvmaomtpkd;& zJG@pnf;r_aocsm&eftwGuf a±G;cs,f wifajrmufonf? Tta&;twGuforRwtm; a±G;cs,fjcif;/ ta=umif;t&mrsm;tm; trsm;jynfolrS pOf;pm;qifjcifEkdif&eftwGuf trsdK;om;[pfwkdif w&yfpDpOfay;jcif; / Oya'ðyay;jcif;ESifh pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_vkyfaqmifr_tm; pDppfjcif;ESifh }uD;=uyfay;jcif;wkd@jzifh aqmif±Gufonf?

(4) pD&ifpkrsm;trsdk;om;aumifpD onf trsdK;om;tpkd;&puf0ef;wGif ðyvkyfaomtkyfcsKyfr_ onf pD&ifpke,fajrrsm;. tusdK;aus;Zl;tm;xnfh0ifaqmif±Gufr_±Sda=umif;aocsmr_±Sd apa&;twGuf pD&ifpke,fajrrsm;tm; ukd,fpm;ðyonf? TtwGuftrsdK;om;Oya'ðyr_ vkyfaqmifcsuftpDtpOfwGif yg0ifaqmif±Gufjci;fESifh pD&ifpke,fajrrsm;tm; xdckdufjcif; okd@r[kwf tusdK;ðyjcif;ta&;udpPrsm;wGif trsm;jynfolrS pOf;pm;qifjcifEkdif&eftwGuf trsdK;om;[pfwkdifw&yftm; pD&ifay;jcif;jzifh t"duaqmif±Gufonf?

(5) txl;vkyfief;rsm;vkyf&eftwGuf orRwonf rnfonfhtcgwGifrqkd xl;jcm;aomt pnf;ta0;twGuf ygvDreftm;qifhac:Ekdifonf?

(6) ygvDref. ±kH;pkdufae&monf auhawmif;jzpfonf? okd@aomfyk'f 76(1)ESifh (5)wkd@t& jy Xgef;aomygvDreftufOya'w&yfonf ygvDref±kH;pkdufe&mtm; tjcm;wae&mukd qkH; jzwfEkdifonf?

orRwEkdifiH. Oya'ðyr_tm%m 43? orRwEkdifiHwGif Oya'ðytm%mtm;

(u) trsdK;om;tpkd;&.Oya'ðytm%mtm; yk'fr (44)wGifjyXgef;yg±Sdonftwkdif;ygvDrmef wGif tm%mtyfESif;xm;onf?

(c) pD&ifpktpdk;&.Oya'ðytm%mudk tm; yk'fr (104)wGif jyXgef;yg±Sdonftwkdif;pD&ifpk rsm; . Oya' ðyjcif;rsm;wGiftm%mtyfESif;xm;onf?

(*) a'oEW& tpkd;&. Oya'ðytm%mukd ðreDpyg,faumifpDrsm;wGif tm%mtyfESif; xm; onf?

trsdK;om; Oya'ðytm%m 44? (1) ygvDrefwGif tm%mtyfESif;jcif;t& trsdk;om;Oya'ðyjcif;tm%monf? -

(u) trsdk;om;v$wfawmftm; (1) zJG@pnf;ykHtajccHOya'tm; jyifqifjcif; (2) vkyfief;Z,m; (4)wGifaz:jyyg±Sddaom vkyfief;aqmif±Gufr_a'owckckESifh ouf

qkdifaom ta&;udpPtygt0if rnfonfhta=umif;udpPtwGufrqkd Oya'ðy ay;jcif;/ okd@&mwGif vkyfief;Z,m; (5)wGif az:jyyg±Sdaom vkyfief;aqmif±Guf r_a'owckckESifh oufqkdifaomta&;udpPtm; yk'frcJG (2). =oZmv$rf;rkd;r_ t&yg0ifr_r±Sdapjcif;?

(3) zJG@pnf;yHk tajccHOya'jyifqifjcif;rSty rdrd. tjcm;Oya'jyK tm %mrsm;tm; tjcm;tpkd;&r_ðyaomrnfonfh Oya'ðyjcif;tzJG@udk

Page 27: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

27 ukdrqkd wm0efay; aqmif±Gufapjcif; tm%mukdtyfESif;onf? xkd@jyif

(c) pD&ifpkrsm;trsdK;om; aumifpDtm; (1) yk'fr (74)t& zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHjyifqifjcif;wGif yg0ifjcif; (2) vkyfief;Z,m;(4)wGif az:jyyg±Sdaomvkyfief;aqmif±Gufr_a'ow&yf&yftm; yk'f r

(76)t& Oya'jyK&efESifh yk'fr &6 t&zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'rS Oya'ðy&ef vkdtyfaom tjcm;rnfonfh ta=umif;udpPrqkd Oya'ðyjcif;

(3) yk'fr (75)t& trsdK;om;v$wfawmfrS Oya'ðyaom tjcm;rnfonfhOya'ukdr qkdpOf;pm;qifjcifjcif;

- tm%mukdtyfESif;onf? (2) ygvDrefonf yk'fr 76(1)t&/ vkyfief;Z,m;(5)wGifaz:jyyg±Sdaom vkyfief;a'owckwGif

usa&mufaomta=umif;udpPwcktwGuf (u) trsdK;om;vkHðcHa&;udk xdrf;odrf;&eftwGuf ‚if;/ (c) pD;yGg;a&;pnf;vkH;nDnGwfr_tm; xdrf;odrf;&eftwGuf‚if; (*) r±Sdrjzpfvkdtyfaom trsdK;om;tqifhtwef;rsm;tm; xdrf;odrf;&eftwGuf‚if; (i) tjcm;pD&ifpkwck. tusdK;aus;Zl; okd@r[kwfEkdifiHawmftwGuf xdckdufepfemap

aom pD&ifpkwck. usdK;a=umif;qDav#mfr_r±Sdaom vkyfaqmifr_tm; wm;qD;&ef twGuf‚if;vkdtyfvmcsdefwGif Oya'ðyjcif;jzifh 0ifa&mufpGufzufEkdifonf?

(3) vkyfief;Z,m;(4)wGif az:jyyg±Sdaomrnfonfhta&;udpPESifh pyfqkdifIrqkd xda&muf aomaqmif±Gufay;r_ tm%maqmif±Gufay;&eftusdK;a=umif;oifhvkdtyfaejcif; okd@r [kwftjznfhcH&efvkdtyfaer_twGuf Oya'ðyjcif;/ vkyfief;Z,m;(4)wGif az:jyyg±Sdaomt a&;udpPwckeSifh oufqkdifaom taxGaxG&nfrSef;csuftwGuf Oya'ðyjcif;?

(4) Oya'ðyr_tm%mtm; usifhokH;&mwGif ygvDrefonf zGJ@pnf;ykH tajccHOya' tay: wGifom pn;faESmifr_±Sd+yD; zJG@pnf;ykH tajccH Oya't&ESifh abmift

twGif;omvkyfaqmif&rnf? yl;wJGenf;Oya'ESifh trdefhrsm;ESifhyl;wJGaumfrwDrsm; 45? (1) trsdK;om;v$wfawmfESifh pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpDonf yl;wJGenf;Oya'aumfrwD

w&yftm;v$wfwmfESifh aumifpDyl;wJGvkyfief;ESifh pyfv#if;aom enf;Oya'ESifh trdef@ rsm;ðy&eftwGuf zJG@pnf;&rnfjzpf+yD; enf;Oya'ESifh trdef@wkd@wGif - (u) vkyfief;aqmif±Guf&mwGif tqifhwkdif;twGuf tcsdefowfrSwfjcif; tygt0if Oy

a'ðyr_vkyfjcif;qkdif&mvkyfxkH;vkyfenf;rsm;tm; qkH;jzwfay;&ef/ (c) yk'fr (74)ESifh (75)t& tm±kHðyaom aumfrwDwckokd@ nGef;jcif;ðyaom Oya'rl

=urf;rsm;tm; pOf;pm;qifjcif&efESifh tpD&ifcH&eftwGuf v$wfawmfESifh aumifpD ukd,fpm;vS,frsm;jzifh yl;wJGaumfrwDrsm;tm; zJG@pnf;ay;&ef?

(*) zJG@pnf;yHk tajccHOya'tm; tenf;qkH;wESpfw}udrfoHk;oyfppfaq;r_ðy&ef wGuf yl;wJGaumfrwDw&yftm; zJG@pnf;&ef

(C) (1) yl;wJGenf;Oya'aumfrwD (2) zsefajza&;aumfrwD (3) zJG@pnf;ykHtajccHOya' okH;oyfppfaq;r_yl;wJG aumfrwDESifh (4) tykd'fcJG (c)t& zJG@pnf;aom rnfonfhyl;wJGaumfrwDrqkd

- vkyfief;tm; ykHrSefvnfywfap&ef - yg0if&rnf?

Page 28: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

28(2) uufbdeuf0ef}uD;tzJG@0ifrsm;onf ‚if;trsdK;om;v$wfawmfukd,fpm;vS,frsm;onf

‚if;/ pD&ifpkrsm;trsdk;om;aumifpDukd,fpm;vnfrsm;onf‚if;/ ,if;[email protected]$wf awmfokd@r [kwf aumifpDa±S@arSmufwGif&±Sdaom tcGifhta&;rsm;ESifh uif;v$wfcGifhrsm; uJhokd@yif v$wfawmfESifh aumifpDESpf&yfaygif;yl;wJGaumfrwD a±S@arSmuf wGifwlnD aomtcGifhta&; rsm;ESifh uif;v$wfcGifhrsm; ±Sdonf?

trsdK;om;v$wfawmf zJG@pnf;ykHESifh a±G;aumufyJG 46? (1) trsdK;om;v$wfawmfonf (350)OD;xufrenf;aomESifh (400)OD;xufrrsm;aom trsdk;

orD;rsm;ESifh trsdK;om;rsm;tm; tzJG@0ifrsm;tjzpfoufwef;rsm;twGufa±G;cs,fwif ajrmuf&mwGif a±G;aumufyJGpESpfrSm - (u) trsdK;om;Oya'ðyjcif;jzifh jyXgef;onf? (c) trsdK;om;omrefrJqEN±Sifrsm;ta&twGufay:wGif tajccHonf? (*) rJay;ykdifcGifh ti,fqkH;touft±G,ftm; (18)ESpfjyXgef;ay;onf? xkd@jyif (C) taxGaxGukd,fpm;ðyjcif;ESifh tcsdK;usukd,fpm;r_&v'fukday;onf?

(2) trsdK;om;v$wfawmftzJG@0ifrsm; ta&twGuftm; tqkH;jzwfay;&eftwGuf ygvDrefrS tufOya'w&yftm; jyXgef;ay;&rnf?

tzJG@0ifjzpfjcif; 47? (1) trsdK;om;v$wfawmftwGuf rJay;&efowfrSwfcsufESifh jynfhpkHaom EkdifiHom;wkdif;onf

trsdK;om;v$wfawmf. tzJG@0ifwOD;jzpf&ef t&nftcsif;jynfhrSDonf? (u) EkdifiHawmfrS tvkyfcef@xm;jcif; c|if;csuftjzpfokd@ r[kwf EkdifiH.0efxrf;wGif

yg0ifae+yD;,if; cef@tyfxm;jcif; okd@r[kwf 0efxrf;r_twGuf tca=u;aiG cHpm;&olrnfolrqkd? ‚if;wGifr yg0ifolrsm;rSm (1) orw/ 'kwd,orw/ 0ef}uD;rsm;ESifh 'kwd, 0ef}uD;rsm;ESifh (2) v$wfawmftzJG@0ifrsm; vkyfief;aqmifwmrsm;ESifh o[mZw jzpfaom vkyfief;

aqmifwmrsm;tjzpf trsdK;om;Oya'ðy xkwfjyefa=unmxm;aom tjcm;wm 0efrsm;tm;xrf;aqmifaeolrsm;?

(c) pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpD. t+rJukd,fpm;vS,frsm; okd@r[kwf pD&ifpkOya'ðywck .tzJG@0ifrsm; okd@r[kwfjrLeDpyg,f aumifpDwck. tzJG@0ifrsm;?

(*) jyefvnfxlaxmifjcif; rvkyf&ao;aom vlrJGtjzpf a=unmjcif;cH&ol? (C) orwEkdifiHw&m;±kH;wckrS pdwfrrSefol[k a=unmxm;ol? okd@r[kwf (i) Ttcef;ouf0ifr_jzpf+yD;aemufykdif;'g%faiGay;qyfjcif;jzifh tpm;rxkd;Ekdifaom orR

wEkdifiHtm; apmfum;aomjypfr_usL;vGefr_w&yfa=umifh axmif'%f (12)vtxuf uscH&ef orwEkdifiHtwGif;jzpfap jyifrwGifjzpfap tjypfxif±Sm;pD&ifcH&ol rnfolr qkd? okd@aomf rnfol@ukdr# tjypf±Sda=umif; okd@r [kwftjypfcsrSwfjcif;tm; t,l

Page 29: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

29cHjcif;tay: qkH;jzwfcsufrðyrSD okd@r[kwf t,lcHykdifcGifh umvrukefqkH;rSD umvwGif tjypf'g%fay;cH&jcif; [kr,lq&? Ttykd'fcJGjzifh t&nftcsif;rrSD y,fjcif;cH&r_ onf tjypf'g%fcH+yD;aemuf ig;ESpfaemufykdif;wGif +yD;qkH;onf?

(2) yk'frcJG (1) (u)ESifh (c)owfrSwfxm;csufrsm;t& trsdK;om;v$wfawmf tzJG@0ifwOD; jzpf&ef t&nftcsif;rrSDolwOD;onf trsdK;om;Oya'ðyr_jzifh xm;±Sdaomuef@owf xm;r_okkd@r[kwfowfrSwfcsufwckckatmufwGif v$wfawmftrwf avmif;wOD;jzpfEkdif onf?

(3) yk*~dKvfwOD;onf trsdK;om;v$wfawmf. tzJG@0iftm; (u) t&nftcsif;rSDr_ ukefqkH;oGm;jcif; okd@r[kwf (c) v$wfawmf. pnf;rsOf;Oya'ESifh trdef@rsm;rS toif;0iftjzpfrS &yfpJjcif;tajct

aet& v$wfawmfrS tcGifhr&bJysufuGufr_ - wGifqkH;±_H;onf? (4) trsdK;om;v$wfawmfwGif ae&mvpfvyfr_tm; tpm;xkd;jznfh&eftwGuf trsdK;om;

Oya' ðyay;&rnf? usrf;opPm odk@r[kwf tckdiftrmtwnfðyjcif; 48? trsdK;om;v$wfawmf tzJG@0ifrsm;onf v$wfawmftwGif;vkyfief;wm0efrsm; pwifrvkyf

aqmifrSDvkyfief;Z,m; (2)t& orRwEkdifiHtay:opPmapmifhxdef;r_ESifh zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHt ajccHOya'tm; vkdufemr_tm; opPmusdefqkdjcif; okd@r[kwf tckdiftrmtwnfðyjcif;ðy&rnf?

trsdK;om;v$wfawmf. tcsdefumv (oufwef;) 49? (1) trsdK;om;v$wfawmftm; ig;eSpfoufwef;twGuf a±G;aumufwifajrmufrnf?

(2) yk'fr (50)t& trsdK;om;v$wfawmftm; zsufodrf;Iaomf‚if; okd@r[kwf oufwef; ukefqkH;Iaomf‚if; orRwonf wkdif;odjynfod xkwfjyefa=unmjcif;jzifh a±G;aumufyJG ac:,lay;jcif;ESifh ae@&ufowfrSwfay;jcif;ðy&rnfjzpf+yD; a±G;aumufyJGtm; v$wfawmf zsufodrf;onfhae@&ufrS pI&uf (90)twGif;usif;y&rnf?

(3) a±G;aumufyJGwck. &v'ftm; yk'fr(190)wGif owfrSwfxm;aom umvtwGif;xkwf jyefjcif;rðyygu odk@r[kwf a±G;aumufyJGwcktm; w&m;±kH;wckrS z,fxm;ygu orRw onf wkdif;odjynfod xkwfjyefa=unmjcif;jzifh aemufxyfa±G;aumufyJGw&yftm; ac: ,lay;jcif;eSifh ae@&ufowfrSwfay;jcif;ðy&rnfjzpf+yD; a±G;aumufyJGtm; oufwef;ukef qkH;aom okd@r[kwfa±G;aumufyJGtm; z,fxm;aomae@&ufrS (90)&uftwGif;usif; y&rnf?

(4) trsdK;om;v$wfawmfonf zsufodrf;jcif;ðyaomae@&ufrS okd@r[kwf oufwef;ukefqkH; aomae@&ufrS aemufv$wfawmfw&yftwGuf a±G;aumufyJGrJxnfhaom aeh&ufw&uf rwkdifrSDtxd vkyfief;rsm;vkyfEkdifpGrf;usef±Sdonf?

oufwef;rukefqkH;rSD trsdK;om;v$wfawmftm; zsufodrf;jcif; 50? (1) orRwonf trsdK;om;v$wfawmftm; -

(u) v$wfawmfrStzJG@0iftrsm;pk. axmufcHrJjzifh v$wfawmftm; zsufodrf;&efqkH;jzwf csufw&yftm; twnfðyjcif;ESifh

Page 30: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

30(c) v$wfawmfa±G;aumufwifajrmuf+yD; okH;ESpfausmfvGefoGm;jcif;/ wkd@wGifzsufodrf;

ay;&rnf? (2) ,m,DorRwonf trsdL;om;v$wfawmftm; -

(u) orRw&mxl; vpfvyfr_jzpfjcif;/ ESifh (c) &mxl;vpfvyfr_jzpf+yD;aemuf (30)&uftwGif; orRwtopf wOD;tm;v$wfawmf

rS a±G;cs,f&efysufuGufjcif;/ wGifzsufodrf;ay;&rnf? tpnf;ta0;usif;yjcif;ESifh acwW&yfem;csdefrsm; 51? (1) a±G;aumufyJGw&yft+yD;wGif yxrt}udrftpnf;ta0;tm; zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHO

ya'±kH;OuUXrSqkH;jzwfaomae@&ufwGifusif;y&rnf? okd@aomf a±G;aumufyJG&v'fxkwf jyefa=unm+yD;(14)&uf xufrausmfvGefap&? vGwfawmfonf rdrd.tjcm;aomt pnf;ta0;ESifh acwW&yfem;jcif;tcsdefESifh umvrsm;tm; qkH;jzwfEkdifonf?

(2) orRwonf txl;vkyfief;twGuf xl;jcm;aomtpnf;ta0; xkdif&eftwGuftrsdK;om; v$wfawmf tm;rnfonfhtcsdefwGifrqkd ac:Ekdifonf?

(3) ygvDref±kH;xkdif&mjyifywGif trsdK;om;v$wfawmf tpnf;ta0;usif;yjcif;tm; trsm; jynfoltusdL;aus;Zl;twGuf vkHðcHa&;okd@r[kwf oufawmifhoufom jzpfr_ESifhv$wf awmf. jyXmef;xm;aomOya'pnf;rsOf;ESifh trdef@rsm;t&om cGifhðyEkdifonf?

v$wfawmfOuUXESifh 'kwd,OuUX 52? (1) a±G;aumufyJG+yD;aemuf yxrt}udrf tpnf;ta0;okd@r[kwf &mxl;vpfvyfr_tm; t

pm;xkd;&ef vkdtyfvmr_@wGiftrsdK;om; v$wfawmfonf rdrdtzJG@0iftwGif;rS OuUS wOD;ESifh 'kwd,OuUXwOD;tm; a±G;aumuf&rnf?

(2) zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'w&m;±kH; OuUXonfv$wfawmfOuUX a±G;aumufyJGwGif obmywdtjzpfaqmif±Guf&rnf? okd@r[kwf tjcm;w&m;ol}uD;wOD;tm; obmy wdtjzpfaqmif±Guf&ef ynwfay;&rnf? OuUXonf 'kwd, olwOD; a±G;aumufyJGwGif obmywdtjzpfaqmif±Gufonf?

(3) vkyfief;Z,m;(3)tykdif;(u)wGif csrSwfxm;aom vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;onf OuUX v$wfawmfOuUX ESifh 'kwd,OuUXa±G;aumufyJGwGiftusKH;0ifonf?

(4) trsdk;om;v$wfawmfonf OuUXESifh 'kwd,OuUX tpnf; ta0;qkH;jzwfcsufw&yfjzifh &mxl;rS z,f±Sm;Ekdifonf? ,if;tpnf;ta0;qkH; jzwfcsuf twnfðycsdefwGif v$wfawmftzJG@0iftrsm;pk±Sdae&rnf?

(5) Tpnf;rsOf;Oya'ESifh trdef@rsm;ESifh pyfvsOf;I trsdK;om;v$wfawmfonf OuUXESifh 'kwd,OuUXtm; ulnD&eftwGuf tjcm;obmywdrlaom t&m±Sd rsm;tm; rdrdtzJG@0if twGif;rS a±G;aumufEkdifonf?

qkH;jzwfcsufrsm; 53? (1) zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'rS wjcm;wrsdK;wrnf jyXgef;xm;jcif;rSwyg;

(u) Oya'=urf;w&yf okd@r[kwf Oya'=urf;w&yftm; jyifqifjcif;tay: qENrJray; rSDwGif trsdK;om;v$wfawmftzJG@0ifxuf0ufausmf±Sdae&rnf/

Page 31: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

31(c) tjcm;rnfonfhta&;udpP w&yf&yftay: v$wfawmfa±S@arSmuf qENrJay;jcif;r

wkdifrSD wGif tzJG@0if. OD;a&tenf;qkH;okH;ykH wykH±Sdae&rnf? xkd@jyif (*) v$wfawmfa±S@arSmuf ta&;udpPtm;vkH;wkd@tm; qENrJxuf0ufausmfjzifh tqkH;t

jzwfay;onf? (2) v$wfawmftpnf;ta0;w&yfwGif obmywdðyaom trsdK;om;v$wfawmftzJG@0if wOD;

onf? (u) ta&;udpPw&yfwGif rJta&twGufjcif;wlnDaeojzifh tqkH;tjzwfrJtm; wbuf

bufwGifay;&efESifh (c) v$wfawmftzJG@0if tenf;qkH;okH;ykHESpfykHaxmufcHrJjzifh qkH;jzwf&efvkdtyfonfht

a=umif;udpPwGif &nf±G,fcsufrJay;vkduay;&ef/ rSty&nf±G,fcsufrJxnfhjcif;r±Sd &ay?

tcsdK@aom0ef}uD;tzJG@0ifrsm;. trsdK;om;v$wfawmftwGif;tcGifhta&;rsm; 54? trsdK;om;v$wfawmf tzJG@0ifr[kwfaom orRwESifh uufbdeuf0ef}uD; tzJG@0ifrnfolrqkd

v$wfawmfwGifwufa&mufI pum;ajymEkdifonf? okd@aomfrJray;Ekdifay? trsdK;om;v$wfawmftm%mrsm; 55? (1) rdrd. Oya'ðytm%mtm; usifhokH;&mwGif trsdK;om;v$wfawmfonf?

(u) v$wfawmfa±S@arSmuf rnfonfhOya'tm; pOf;pm;qifjcifjcif; Oya'jzpfapjcif;/ jyif qifjcif;ESifh y,fcsjcif;ESifh

(c) aiGOya'=urf;rsm;rSty Oya'tm; pwifwifoGif;jcif; okd@r[kwf }udKwifjyifxm; jcif; - wkd@tm;vkyfaqmifEkdifonf?

(2) trsdK;om; v$wfawmfonf ,EW&m;twGuf - (u) trsdK;om; tpkd;& pDrHuGwfuJjcif;,EW&m;tm; vkH;onfh ‚if;tm;wm0ef cHjcif;/ ESifh (c) (1) Oya'ðyr_tm; taumiftx,faz:r_tygt0if trsdk;om;pDrHuGwfuJr_ tm%m

tm; taumiftx,faz:vkyfaqmifr_ESifh (2) EkdifiH. rnfonfh,EW,m;rqkdtm; }uD;=uyfr_ukdxdef;odrf;jcif; - wkd@tm;

axmufyHh&rnf? trsdK;om;v$wfawmfa±S@arSmuf oufaotaxmuftxm; okd@r[kwfowif; tcsuf tvuf 56? trsdK;om;v$wfawmf okd@r[kwf ,if;.rnfonfhaumfrwDw&yf&yfrqkd

(u) rnfolukdrqkd rdrda±S@arSmufokd@ vma&muf+yD;usrf;opPmusdef okd@r[kwf tckdiftrmðy xGufqkdr_twGuf okd@r[kwf pm±Gufpmwef;rsm; xkwfjy&eftwGuf qifhac:Ekdifonf?

(c) rnfoludkrqkd okd@r[kwf rnfonfhtzJG@tpnf;ukdrqkd rdrdxHtpD&ifcHapjcif;ðyEkdifonf? (*) tykd'fcJG(u)ESifh (c)t&rnfolukdrqkd okd@r[kwf rnfonfhtzJG@tpnf;ukdrqkd trsdK;om;

Oya'ðyr_t& okd@r[kwf enf;Oya'ESifh trdef@rsm;t& qifhac:r_w&yf okd@r[kwf vkd tyfr_w&yftm; vkdufemap&ef t=uyfukdifEkdifonf? xkd@jyif

Page 32: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

32(C) pdwf0ifpm;ol rnfolrqkd odk@r[kwf rnfonfhtzJG@tpnf;rqkd. toem;cHpmrsm;/

awmif;qkdcsufrsm; okd@r[kwf wifjycsufrsm;tm; vufcHEkdifonf?

trsdk;om;v$wfawmf.twGif; tpDtpOfrsm;/ tpnf;ta0;aqmif±Gufcsufrsm;ESifh vkyfxkH;vkyf enf;rsm; 57? (1) trsdK;om;v$wfawmfonf

(u) rdrd.twGif; tpDtpOfrsm;/ tpnf;ta0;aqmif±Gufcsufrsm;ESifh vkyfxkH;vkyfenf; rsm;wkkd@tm; qkH;jzwfcsufESifh xdefcsKyfjcif;ðyEkdifonf? xkd@jyif

(c) ukd,fpm;ðyr_ESifh yg0ifvkyfaqmifr_ 'Drkdua&pD/ wm0efcHr_/ azmufxGif;jrifEkdifr_ESifh t rsm;jynfol yg0ifywfoufr_wkd@tm; OD;xdyfxm;I enf;Oya'rsm;ESifh trdef@rsm; vkyf Ekdifonf?

(2) trsdK;om;v$wfawmf. enf;Oya'ESifh trdef@wkd@onf? (u) ,if;.aumfrwDrsm;tm; zJG@pnf;ay;r_/ yg0ifzJG@pnf;r_/ tm%m/ vkyfief;rsm;/ vkyf

xkH;vkyfenf;ESifhumvowfrSwfay;jcif; (c) v$wfawmfwGif ukd,fpm;ðyyg0ifaom vlenf;pkygwDrsm;rS 'Drkdua&pDusifhpOfESifhtnD

v$wfawmfESifh ,if;.aumfrwDrsm;. tpnf;ta0;aqmif±Gufr_rsm;wGif yg0ifvkyf aqmifjcif;

(*) oufqkdif&mygwDESifh ‚if;ygwDacgif;aqmifrS ‚if;[email protected]$wfawmfvkyfief;rsm;tm; xd a&mufpGmvkyfEkdifpGrf;twGuf v$wfawmfwGif ukd,fpm;ðyaomygwDwckpDtm; ,if; ygwD. ukd,fpm;ðyjcif;tcsdK;tpm;t& b¾ma&;ESifh uGwfuJtkyfcsKyfr_ tult nDay;jcif;ESifh

(C) v$wfawmfwGift}uD;qkH; twkduftcHygwDacgif;aqmiftm; twkduftcHacgif;aqmif tjzpf todtrSwfðyay;jcif;wkd@tm; aqmif±Gufay;&rnf?

tcGifhta&; 58? (1) 0ef}uD;tzJG@0ifESifh trsdK;om;v$wfawmf tzJG@0ifrsm;onf -

(u) v$wfawmf. enf;Oya'ESifh trdef@rsm;t& v$wfawmfESifh ,if;.aumfrwDrsm;wGif vGwfvyf pGmajymqkdcGifh±Sdonf? xkd@jyif

(c) (1) v$wfawmf okd@r[kwf ,if;.aumfrwDrsm;wGif ajymqkdr_a=umifh‚if;/ ,if;wkd@a±S@ arSmuf okd@xkwfjyaom okd@r[kwfwifoGif;aom taxmuftxm; 0wWKt wGuf‚if;/ okd@r[kwf

(2) v$wfawmfokd@r[kwf ,if;.aumfrwDrsm;wGif ajymqkdr_a=umifh‚if;/ ,if;wkd@ a±S@ arSmufokd@ xkwfjyaom okd@r[kwfwifoGif;aom taxmuf txm; a=umifh‚if; ta=umif;t&may:oGm;r_a=umifh‚if;?

- w&m;rokd@r[kwf jypfr_ta&;,ljcif; zrf;qD;jcif;/ axmifcsjcif; okd@r[kwf ysufpD;apjcif;wkd@rSuif;v$wfap&rnf?

(2) trsdK;om;v$wfawmf tzJG@0ifrsm;ESifh 0ef}uD;tzJG@0ifrsm;. tjcm;aomtcGifhta&;rsm;ESifh uif;v$wf cGifhrsm;tm; trsdK;om;Oya'ðyjcif;jzifh jyXgef;Ekdifonf?

(3) trsdK;om;v$wfawmf tzJG@0ifrsm;okd@ ay;Ekdifaomvpmrsm;/ cGifhðyp&dwfrsm;ESifh tusdK;cHpm; r_rsm;onf trsdK;om;tcGefawmf&HykHaiG. wkduf±dkufwm0efjzpfonf?

Page 33: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

33trsdK;om;v$wfawmfokd@ trsm;jynfolvufvSrf;rSDEkdifjcif;ESifhyg0ifEkdifjcif; 59? (1) trsdK;om;v$wfawmfonf?

(u) trsdK;om;v$wfawmfESifh ,if;. aumfrwDrsm; Oya'ðyjcif;ESifh tjcm;vkyfief;aqmif wmrsm; aqmif±Gufr_wGif trsm;jynfolyg0ifEkdifr_tm; tusdK;aqmifay;&rnf? xkd@ jyif

(c) ‚if;wkd@vkyfief;rsm;tm; yGifhvif;aom vkyf[efjzifh aqmif±Guf&rnf jzpf+yD; ‚if;ESifh ‚if;aumfr wDrsm;. tpnf;ta0;rsm;tm; trsm;jynfola±S@arSmuf ðyvkyf&rnf? okd@ aomftusdK;t a=umif;qDavsmfaom - (1) owif;Xme. vufvSrf;rSDEkdifjcif; tygt0iftrsm;jynfolrsm;rS v$wfawmfESifh

,if;. aumfrwDrsm;okd@ vufvSrf;rSDEkdifjcif;tm; pnf;urf;owfrSwfjcif;ESifh (2) rnfolukdr±Sd±SmazGjcif;ESifh avsmfuefygu rnfolukdrqkd 0ifcGifhay;&ef jiif;qef

jcif;okd@r[kwfz,fxkwfjcif;twGuf jyXmef;ay;jcif; - vkyfaqmifr_rsm;tm; vkyf Ekdifonf?

(2) trsdK;om;v$wfawmfonf aumfrwDw&yf. tpnf;ta0;w&yftm; yGifhvif;jcif; ESifh 'Drkdua&pD usaomtv$mwGif aqmif±Guf&efroifhawmfa=umif; tusdK;a=umif;qDavsmf jcif;ESifh rSefuefa=umif; tusdK;ta=umif; xif±Sm;aomudpPrSwyg; owif;Xge tygt0if trsm;jynfoltm; z,fxm;jcif;rðy Ekdif?

pD&ifpkrsm;trsdK;om;aumifpD trsdK;om;aumifpDzJG@pnf;ykH 60? (1) pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpDtm; ukd,fpm;vS,fq,fOD;yg0ifaom pD&ifpkwckpDrS wck

wnf;aom ukd,fpm;vS,ftzJG@jzifh zJG@pnf;onf? (2) ,if;ukd,fpm;vS,fq,fOD;wkd@rSm

(u) (1) pD&ifpk. 0ef}uD;csKyf okd@r[kwf 0ef}uD;csKyfr&Ekdifygu taxGaxGta&; udpPt wGuf okd@r[kwf txl;udpPw&yf&yftwGuf 0ef}uD;csKyfrS pD&ifpkOya'ðytzJG@ [email protected]@0if xJrSpD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpDokd@ cef@tyfolrnfolr qkd/ ESifh

(2) tjcm;txl;ukd,fpm;vS,fokH;OD;? - tygt0iftxl; ukd,fpm;vS,fav;OD;/ ESifh

(c) yk'fr 61(2)t& cef@tyfxm;aom t+rJwef;ukd,fpm;vS,fajcmufOD; wkd@jzpf=u onf?

(3) pD&ifpkwck. 0ef}uD;csKyf okd@r[kwf 0ef}uD;csKyfr&Ekdifygu 0ef}uD;csKyfrS pD&ifpk. ukd,fpm; vnftzJG@0if txJrS cef@tyfwm0efay;olonf ukd,fpm;vnftzJG@tm;acgif;aqmif onf?

ukd,fpm;vS,/ftzJG@rsm;cJGa0ay;jcif; 61? (1) pD&ifpkOya'ðytzJG@w&yfwGif ukd,fpm;ðyaomygwDrsm;onf vkyfief;Z,m; (3)tykdif;(c)

t& pD&ifpk. ukd,fpm;vnf tzJG@wGif ukd,fpm;vnfrsm;tjzpf yg0ifcGifh±Sdonf?

Page 34: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

34 (2) pD&ifpkwck. Oya'ðytzJG@ a±G;aumufyJG&v'ftm; xkwfjyefa=unm+yD; &ufaygif;(30)t

wGif;/ ,if;Oya'ðytzJG@onf? - (u) trsdk;om; Oya'ðyr_t& ygwDwckjcif;. t+rJwef; ukd,fpm;vnfESifh txl;ukd,fpm;

vnf OD;a&ukdqkH;jzwf&rnf? xkd@jyif (c) ygwDrsm;. trnfwifoGif;tqkdðyolrsm;tm; t+rJwef;ukd,fpm;vnfrsm;tjzpf cef@

tyf&rnf? (3) tykd'fcJG(2)(u)yg trsdK;om;Oya'ðyjcif;. tm±kHðyxm;&mwGif ukd,fpm;vnftzJG@t+rJ

wef;ESifh txl;ukd,fpm;vnfrsm;. tpdwftykdif;rsm;wGif 'Drkdua&pDusifhpOfESifhhtnDvl enf;pkyg wDrsm; yg0ifEkdifapjcif;tm; aqmif±Gufay;&rnf?

(4) Oya'ðytzJG@onf 0ef}uD;csKyfESifh pD&ifpkukd,fpm;vnftzJG@wGif txl;ukd,fpm;vnfrsm;t jzpfyg 0ifcGifh±Sdaom ygwDrsm;. acgif;aqmifrsm;ESifhxyfwlðyI vkdtyfvmr_tay: txl; ukd,fpm;vnf rsm;tm;Oya'ðytzJG@. tzJG@0iftwGif;rS cef@tyfwm0efay;&rnf?

t+rJwef;ukd,fpm;vS,ffrsm; 62? (1) t+rJwef;ukd,fpm;vS,ftjzpf tqkdwifoGif;cH&ol yk*~dKvfwOD;onf pD&ifpkOya' tzJG@0if

wOD;jzpf&ef vkdtyfaomt&nftcsif;±Sd&rnf? (2) pD&ifpk Oya'ðytzJG@wck. tzJG@0ifjzpfaeol wOD;tm; t+rJwef;ukd,fpm;vS,f tjzpf cef@tyf aomf ,if;yk*~dKvfonf Oya'ðytzJG@0ifjzpfjcif;rS &yfpJonf? (3) t+rJwef;ukd,fpm;vnfrsm;tm; pD&ifpkOya'ðytzJG@ aemufw}udrf a±G;aumufyJG. yx

rt}udrf tpnf;ta0;rwkdifrSDumvwGif oufwef;twGuf cef@tyfonf? (4) yk*~dKvfwOD;onf?

(u) t+rJwef;ukd,fpm;vnftjzpf cef@tyfjcif;cH&r_a=umifh pD&ifpkOya'ðytzJG@0if r jzpfEkdifawmhjcif;rSty tjcm;rnfonfhta=umif;a=umifhrqkd Oya'ðytzJG@0if jzpf&ef t&nftcsif; rjynfhpkHaoma=umifh Oya'ðyt zJG@0ifjzpfjcif;rS &yfpJjcif;/

(c) 0ef}uD;tzJG@0ifwOD;jzpfvmjcif; (*) pD&ifpkOya'ðytzJG@. ,kHpm;r_qkH;±_H;+yD; ,if;yk*~dKvftm; tqdkwifoGif;aomygwD rS

jyefac:jcif;/ (C) ,if;yk*~dKvftm; tqkdwifoGif;cJhaom ygwD.ygwD0ifjzpfjcif;rS &yfpJoGm;jcif;ESifh ,if;

ygwDrS jyefac:jcif; okd@r[kwf (i) aumifpD. enf;Oya'ESifh trdef@rsm;rS t+rJwef;ukd,fpm;vS,fwm0efrS qkH±_H;jcif;[k

owfrSwfxm;aomtajctaersm;wGif cGifhðycsufr&±SdbJ pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK; om; aumifpDrS ysufuGufjcif;/

- wkd@wGift+rJwef;ukd,fpm;vS,f jzpfjcif;rS&yfpJonf? (5) t+rJwef;ukd,fpm;vS,fjzpfjcif;rsm;twGif; vpfvyfr_rsm;tm; trsdK;om;Oya'ðyjcif;

jzifh tpm;xkd;jznfhay;&rnf? (6) t+rJwef;ukd,fpm;vS,frsm;onf pD&ifpkrsm;. trsdK;om;aumifpDwGif‚if;wkd@. vkyfief;

wm0efrsm; pwifrxrf;aqmifrSD orRwEkdifiHtay: opPm±Sd&efESifh zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHt ajc cHOya'tm; vkdufem&efukd vkyfief;Z,m; (2)t& usrf;usdefjcif; okd@r[kwft ckdiftrmðy ajymqkdjcif;vkyf&rnf?

trsdK;om;aumifpDtpnf;ta0;usif;yjcif;

Page 35: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

3563? (1) pD&ifpkrsm;. trsdK;om;aumifpDonf rdrd.tpDnf;ta0;rsm;eSifh acwW&yfem;jcif;.

tcsdefESifh umvwkd@tm; qkH;jzwfEkdifonf? (2) orRwonf txl;vkyfief;twGufxl;jcm;aom tpnf;ta0;xkdif&eftwGuf pD&ifpkrsm;

. trsdK;om;aumifpDtm; rnfonfhtcsdefwGif rqkdac:Ekdifonf? (3) ygvDref±kH;xkdif&m jyifywGif pD&ifpkrsm;. trsdK;om;aumifpD. tpnf;ta0;rsm;tm;

jynf oltusdK;aus;Zl;twGuf/ vkHðcHa&; okd@r[kwf oufawmifhoufomjypfr_ESifh aumif pD. jyXgef;xm;aom Oya'pnf;rsOf;ESifh trdef@rsm;t&om cGifhðyEkdifonf?

obmywdESifht&Hobmywdrsm; 64? (1) pD&ifpkrsm;. trsdK;om;aumifpDonf obmywdwOD;ESifh t&HobmywdESpfOD;wkd@tm;

ukd,fpm;vS,f rsm;twGif;rS a±G;aumuf&rnf? (2) obmywdESifh t&HobmywdwOD;tm; t+rJwef;ukd,fpm;vS,frsm;twGif;rS oufwef;

apmIukef qkH;r_r±Sdygu oufwef;ig;ESpftwGuf a±G;aumufonf? (3) tjcm;t&HobmywdwOD;tm; oufwef;wESpftwGufa±G;aumuf+yD; pD&ifpkwkdif;t

vSnfhusukd,fpm;ðyr_twGuf tjcm;pD&ifpkwckrS ukd,fpm;vS,fwOD;rS &mxl;qufcH& rnf?

(4) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'OuUXonf obmywdtm; a±G;aumufyJGwGif obmy wdt jzpfaqmif±Guf&rnf? okd@r[kwftjcm;w&m;ol}uD; wOD;OD;tm; obmywdtjzpf aqmif±Guf&ef ynwfay; &rnf? obmywdonf t&Hobmywdrsm; a±G;aumufyJGwGif obmywd tjzpf aqmif±Gufonf?

(5) vkyfief;Z,m; (3)tykdif;(u)wGif csrSwfxm;aom vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;rsm;tm; obmywd ESifh t&Hobmywdrsm; a±G;aumufyJGwGiftusHK;0ifonf?

(6) pD&ifpkrsm;. trsdK;om;aumifpDonf obmywdokd@r[kwf t&HobmywdwOD;tm; wm 0efrSz,f±Sm; Ekdifonf?

(7) pD&ifpkrsm;. trsdK;om;aumifpDonf ,if;. pnf;rsOf; Oya'ESihftrdef@rsm;t& obmywd ESifh t&Hobmywdrsm;tm; ulnD&eftjcm;obm ywdrlaomt&m±Sdrsm;tm; rdrdtzJG@0if twGif;rS a±G;aumufEkdifonf?

qkH;jzwfcsufrsm; 65? (1) zJG@pnf; ykHtajccHOya'rS tjcm;wrsdK;wrnf jyXgef;xm;jcif;rSty

(u) pD&ifpkwckonf rJwrJ±Sd+yD; ,if;rJukdpD&ifpktm; ukd,fpm;ðyI ukd,fpm;vS,ftzJG@ acgif;aqmifrS rJay;onf? xkd@jyif

(c) trsdK;om;aumifpDa±S@arSmufta&;udpPtm;vkH; pD&ifpkrsm;tenf;qkH; pD&ifpkig;ckrS axmufcHrJ ay;r_jzifh oabmwlqkH;jzwfonf?

(2) yk'fr (76)yk'frcJG (1)okd@r[kwf yk'frcJG(2) vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;t& Oya'ðyjyXgef;aom ygvD rmeftufOya'w&yfonf pD&ifpkOya'ðytzJG@rsm;rS ‚if;wkd@ukd,fpm; rJay;jcif;ukd‚if;wkd@. ukd,fpm;vnftzJG@rsm;tm; vkyfykdifcGifhtm%may;xm;jcif; wajy;wnf;±Sdr_ - tm;jy Xgef;ay;& rnf?

Page 36: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

36

trsdK;om;pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_ tzJG@0ifrsm; yg0ifaqmif±Gufjcif; 66? (1) 0ef}uD;tzJG@0ifrsm;ESifh 'kwd,0ef}uD;rsm;onf pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpDtm; wuf

a&mufjcif; pum;ajymjcif;vkyfEkdifaomfvnf; rJay;cGifhr±Sd? (2) pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpDonf 0ef}uD;tzJG@0ifwOD; / 'kwd,0ef}uD;wOD; okd@r[kwf

trsdK;om;pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_t&m±SdwOD; okd@r[kwf pD&ifpkpDrHtkyfcsKyfr_tzJG@tm; aumifpDt a0;w&yf okd@r[kwf aumifpDaumfrwD tpnf;ta0;w&yftm; wufa&muf&efnGef =um;Ekdifonf?

a'oqkdif&mtpkd;& ukd,fpm;vS,frsm;tyg0ifaqmif±Gufjcif; 67? pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;v$wfawmf tpnf;ta0;rsm;wGif yg0ifaqmif±Guf&ef vkdtyfygu yk'fr

(163)t& zJG@pnf;xm;aom a'oEW&tpkd;&rS jrLeDpyg,ftrsdK;tpm; toD;oD;tm; ukd,fpm;ðy &eftwGufwm0efay;cef@tyfaom q,fOD;xufrykdaom tcsdefykdif;t&m±Sdrsm; wufa&muf Ekdifonf? okd@aomfrJay;Ir&?

trsdK;om;aumifpD.tm%mrsm; 68? rdrd. Oya'ðytm%mtm; usifhokH;&mwGif trsKd;om;aumifpDonf?

(u) Ttcef;t& aumifpDa±S@arSmufrnfonfh Oya'tm;rqkd pOf;pm;qifjcifjcif;/ Oya'jzpf apjcif;/ jyifqifr_twGuf tqkdðyjcif; okd@r[kwf y,fcsjcif;ðyEkdifonfESifh? ESifh

(c) vkyfief;Z,m; (4)wGifaz:jyyg±Sdaomvkyfaqmifr_a'otwGifh usa&mufaomOya' okd@r[kwf yk'fr(76) (3)wGifnGef;xm;aom tjcm;Oya'ðyr_wkd@tm;pwifoGif;jcif; okd@r[kwf óudwifjyifxm;jcif;ðyEkdifonf? okd@aomfaiGOya'rl=urf;tm; pwifwifoGif; jcif; okd@r[kwf óudwifjyifxm;jcif;rvkyfEkdif?

trsdK;om;aumifpDa±S@arSmufoufaotaxmuftxm; okd@r[kwf owif;tcsuf tvuf 69? pD&ifpkrsm;trsdK;om;aumifpd okd@r[kwf,if;.rnfonfhaumfrwDw&yf&yfrqkd -

(u) rnfolukdrqkd rdrda±S@arSmufokd@vma&muf+yD; usrf;opPmusdefI okd@r[kwf tckdiftrmðy xGuf qkdr_twGuf okd@r[kwf pm±Gufpmwef;rsm; xkwfjy&eftwGuf qifhac:Ekdifonf?

(c) rnfonfhtzJG@tpnf;ukdrqkd okd@r[kwf rnfolukdrqkd rdrdxHtpD&ifcHapjcif;ðyEkdifonf? (*) tykd'fcJG (u)ESihf(c)t& rnfolukdrqkd okd@r[kwf rnfonfhtzJG@tpnf;ukdrqkd trsdK;om;

Oya'ðyr_t& okd@r[kwf enf;Oya'ESifh trdef@rsm;t& qifhac:r_w&yfokd@r[kwf vkdtyf r_w&yftm; vkdufemap&ef t=uyfukdifEkdifonf? ESifh

(C) pdwf0ifpm;ol rnfolrqkd okd@r[kwf rnfonfhtzJG@tpnf;rqkd Ttoem;cHpmrsm; awmif;qkdcsufrsm; okd@r[kwf wifjycsufrsm;tm; vufcHEkdifonf?

trsdK;om;aumifpD. twGif;tpDtpOfrsm; tpnf;ta0; aqmif±Gufcsufrsm;ESifh vkyfxkH;vkyfenf; rsm; 70? (1) pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpDonf?

Page 37: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

37(u) rdrd.twGif;tpDtpOfrsm; tpnf;ta0;aqmif±Gufcsufrsm;ESifh vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;wkd@

tm;qkH; jzwfjcif;ESifh xdef;csKyfjcif;fðyEkdifonf? xkd@jyif (c) ukd,fpm;ðyr_ESifh yg0ifvkyfaqmifr_ 'Drkdua&pD wm0efcHr_jrifomr_ESifh t rsm;jynfol

yg0ifywfoufr_wkd@tm; OD;xdyfxm;I enf;Oya'ESifh trdef@frsm;jyXgef;Ekdifonf? (2) trsdK;om;v$wfawmf. enf;Oya'ESifh trdef@wkd@onf ? -

(u) ,if;aumfrwDrsm;tm; zJG@pnf;ay;r_yg0ifzJG@pnf;r_ tm%mvkyfief;rsm;tm; vkyfxkH; vkyfenf;ESifh umvowfrSwfay;jcif;/

(c) ,if;. tpnf;ta0;rsm;wGif pD&ifpktm;vkH; 'Drkdua&pDusifhpOfESifh tnDyg0ifjcif;/ (*) yk'fr (75)t& ta=umif;udpPw&yftm; qkH;jzwfwkdif;aumifpDwGif ukd,fpm;ðyyg0if

aomvl enf;pkygwDrsm;rS 'Drkdua&pDusifhpOfESifh tnDyg0ifvkyfaqmifjcif; - wkd@tm; aqmif±Guf ay;&rnf?

tcGifhta&; 71? (1) pD&ifpktrsdK;om;aumifpD. ukd,fpm;vS,frsm;ESifh yk'fr (66)ESifh (67)wGifnGef;xm;aom

yk*~dKvfrsm;onf? (u) aumifpD. enf;Oya'ESifh trdef@rsm;t& aumifpDESifh ,if;.aumfrwDrsm;wGif

vGwfvyfpGm ajymqkdcGifh±Sdonf? ESifh (c) (1) aumifpDokd@r[kwf ,if;.aumfrwDrsm;wGif ajymqkdr_a=umifh‚if;/ ,if;wkd@a±S@

arSmufodk@ xkwfjyaom okd@r[kwf wifoGif;aom taxmuftxm;a=umifh ‚if;(ta=umif;t &m) ay:oGm;r_a=umifh‚if; - w&m;r okd@r[kwf jypfr_t a&; ,ljcif;/ zrf;qD;jcif;/ axmifcsjcif; okd@r[kwf ysufpD;apjcif;wkd@tm;rvkyf Ekdifay?

(2) pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpD/ aumifpDukd,fpm;vnfrsm;ESifh yk'fr(66)ESifh(67)w@kd wGifnGef;xm;aom yk*~dKvfrsm;. tjcm;aomtcGifhta&;rsm;ESifh uif;v$wfcGifhrsm;ukd trsdK;om;Oya'ðyjcif;jzifh jyXgef; Ekdifonf?

(3) pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpD. t+rJwef; ukd,fpm;vnfrsm; okd@ay;Ekdifaomvpmrsm;/ cGifhðyp&dwfrsm;ESifh tusdK;cHpm;r_rsm;onf trsdk;om;tcGefawmf&efykHaiG wkduf±kdufwm0ef jzpfonf?

trsdK;om;aumifpDokd@ trsm;jynfolvufvSrf;rSDEkdifjcif;ESifhyg0ifEkdifjcif; 72? (1) pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpDonf?

(u) trsdK;om;aumifpDESifh ,if;. aumfrwDrsm; Oya'ðyjcif;ESifh tjcm;vkyfief;aqmif wmrsm; aqmif±Gufr_wGif trsm;jynfolyg0ifEkdifr_tm; tusdK;aqmif ay;&rnf? ESifh

(c) ‚if;wkd@vkyfief;rsm;tm; yGifhvif;aom vkyf[efjzifhaqmif±Guf&rnf/jzpf+yD; ‚if;ESifh‚if; .aumfrwDrsm;. tpnf;ta0;rsm;tm; trsm;jynfola±S@arSmufðyvkyf&rnf? okd@ aomftusdK;a=umif;qDavsmfaom (1) owif;Xge. vufvSrf;rSDEkdifjci;ftygt0iftrsm;jynfolrS aumifpDESifh ,if;.

aumfrwD rsm;okd@ vufvSrf;rSDEkdif;jcif;tm; pnf;urf;owfrSwfjcif;ESifh (2) rnfoludkrqkd ±SmazGjcif;ESifh avsmfuefygu rnfolukdrqkd 0ifcGifhay;&ef jiif;qef

jcif;okd@r[kwf z,fxkwfjcif;twGuf jyXgef;jcif; - vkyfaqmifr_rsm;tm;vkyfEkdif onf?

Page 38: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

38 (2) pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpDonf aumfrwDw&yf. tpnf;ta0;w&yftm; yGifhvif;

jcif;ESifh 'Drkdua&pDusaomtv$mwGif aqmif±Guf&efroifhawmfa=umif; tusdK;ta=umif; qDavsmfjcif;ESifh rSefuefa=umif; tusdK;ta=umif;xif±Sm;aomudpPrSwyg; owif;Xget ygt0iftrsm; jynfoltm; z,fxm;jcif;rðy&?

trsdk;om;Oya'ðyr_enf;pepf Oya'=urf;tm;vkH; 73? (1) trsdK;om;v$wfawmfwGif rnfonfhOya'usrf;rqkd wifoGif;Ekdifonf?

(2) 0ef}uD;tzJG@0ifwOD; okd@r[kwf 'kwd,0ef}uD;wOD; okd@r[kwf trsdK;om;v$wfawmftzJG@0if wOD; okd@r[kwf aumfrwDw&yfwkd@om v$wfawmfwGif Oya'=urf;w&yftm; wifoGif;Ekdif onf? okd@aomf trsdK;om;b¾ma&;&mwGif wm0ef±Sdaom 0ef}uD;tzJG@0ifomv#if aiGOy a'=urf;w&yftm; trsdK;om;v$wfawmfwGif wifoGif;Ekdifonf?

(3) aiGOya'=urf;rSty yk'fr 76(3)wGif nGef;xm;aomOya'w&yftm; pD&ifpkrsm;trsdK; om;aumifpDwGifwifoGif;Ekdifonf?

(4) pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpD. tzJG@0ifwOD; okd@r[kwf aumfrwDw&yfwkd@om Oya' =urf;w&yftm; aumifpDwGifwifoGif;Ekdifonf?

(5) trsdK;om;v$wfawmfrS twnfðyaom Oya'rl=urf;w&yftm; pD&ifpkrsm;trsdK;om; aumifpD wGifpOf; pm&efvkdtyfygu ,if;okd@qufvufwifoGif;&rnf? aumifpDrStwnf ðyaomOya'rl=urf;w&yftm; v$wfawmfokd@ qufvufwifoGif;&rnf?

zJG@ pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya'tm; jyifqifaomOya'=urf; 74? (1) yk'fr (1)ESifh Ttykd'fcJGtm;

(u) trsdK;om;v$wfawmfrS ,if;.tzJG@0iftenf;qkH; (75)&mckdifE_ef;. axmufcHrJESifh (c) pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpDrS pD&ifpktenf;qkH; ajcmufck.axmufcHrJ - jzifht

wnf ðyaom Oya'=urf;jzifh jyifqifEkdifonf? (2) tcef;(2)tm;

(u) trsdK;om;v$wfawmfrS ,if;.tzJG@0iftenf;qkH; okH;ykHESpfykH. axmufcHrJESifh (c) pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpD. pD&ifpktenf;qkH; ajcmufck.axmufcHrJ/ - jzifht

wnfðyaom Oya'=urf;jzifh jyifqifEkdifonf? (3) TzJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya'. jyXgef;xm;csufrnfonfh tcsufukdrqkdtm;

(u) trsdK;om;v$wfawmfrS ,if;.tzJG@0iftenf;qkH; okH;ykHESpfykH. axmufcHrJESifh (c) jyifqifr_onf?

(1) aumifpD. ta&;udpPwckESifh oufqkdifaejcif; (2) pD&ifpke,fjcm;tm; tm%m/ vkyfief; okd@r[kwf taqmufttkHtm;ajymif;

vJjcif;okd@r[kwf (3) pD&ifpke,fjcm;wck. ta&;udpPtm; oD;jcm;jzpfygu pD&ifpktrsdK;om;

aumifpD. pD&ifpktenf;qkH; ajcmufck. axmufcHrJESifhwuG/ - twnfðyaom Oay'=urf;jzifh jyifqifEkdifonf?

Page 39: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

39(4) zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'jyifqifjcif; Oya'rl=urf;w&yfonf zJG@pnf;ykH t ajccHOya'

jyifqifaomtcsufrsm;ESifh jyifqifr_ESifh pyfqkdifaomta&;udpPrSwyg; t jcm;jyXgef;csufrsm; ryg0ifEkdifay?

(5) yk'fr73 (2)t& zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya' jyifqifjcif; Oya'rl=urf;w&yfrwif oGif;rSD&uf (30)wGif Oya'=urf;tm; wifoGif;rnfhvlyk*~dKvf okd@r[kwfaumfrwDonf? (u) trsm;jynfolrSwfcsuftwGuf jyifqif&efrqkdðyxm;aom tcsuftvufrsm;tm;

trsdK; om; v$wfawmf pnf;rsOf;Oya'ESifh trdef@rsm;ESifhtnD trsdK;om;tpkd;&ESifh jyef wef;wGifykHESdyf jzef@a0&rnf?

(c) ,if;tcsuftvufrsm;tm; pD&ifpkOya'ðytzJG@rsm; oabmxm;twGuf trsdK; om;v$wfawmf pnf;rsOf;Oya'ESifh trdef@rsm;ESifhtnD pD&ifpkOya'ðytzJG@rsm;okd@ wifoGif;&rnf? ESifh

(*) jyifqif&eftqkdðyxm;jcif;onf aumifpDrS twnfðy&eftwGuf r[kwfygu aumifpDrS trsm;jynfoljiif;ckHr_twGuf ,if;tcsuftvufrsm;tm; pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpDpnf;rsOf;Oya'ESifh trdef@rsm;ESifhtnD aumifpDok@dwifoGif;& rnf?

(6) zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'jyifqifr_ Oya'=urf;w&yf wifoGif;&mwGif Oya'=urf; tm;wifoGif;olokd@r[kwf aumfrwDonf trsm;jynfolESifh pD&ifpkOya'tzJG@rsm;rS vuf cH&±SdaomrSwfcsuf wkdif;tm;pma&;om;um (u) trsdK;om;v$wfawmfwGif aqG;aEG;Ekdif&eftwGufv$wfawmfOuUX xHokd@ ESifh (c) tykd'fcJG (1)(2)okd@r[kwf(3)(c)tnGef;ygwkd@tm; jyifqifr_wGif aumifpDwGifaqG;

aEG;&eftwGuf pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpDobmywdxHokd@ - wifoGif;&rnf/ (7) zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya' jyifqifr_ Oya'=urf;w&yftm;

(u) Oya'=urf;wifoGif;aom umvonf v$wfawmfrS tpnf;ta0;xkdifaom um vjzpf+yD;‚if;tm;wifoGif;csdef okd@r[kwf

(c) Oay'=urf;wifoGif;umvonf v$wfawmfrS acwWem;aomumvjzpfI ‚if;tm; v$wfawmfwGif aqG;aEG;csdef - rS&ufaygif; (30)twGif;wGiftrsdK;om;v$wfawmfwGif rJcJG qkH;jzwfjcif;rðyEkdifay?

(*) tykd'fcJG (3) (c)wGifnGef;xm;aom Oya'=urf;w&yfokd@r[kwf ,if;Oya'=urf;t pdwftykdif; rnfonfhtykdif;rqkd oD;oef@pD&ifpkwck okd@r[kwf pD&ifpkrsm;twGufom oufqkdifaeygu pD&ifpkrsm; trsdk;om;aumifpDonf ywfoufaeaom pD&ifpk okd@r [kwf pD&ifpkrsm;. Oya'ðy tzJG@okd@r[kwf Oya'ðytzJG@rsm;. cGifhðyxm; csufr&bJ ,if;Oya't=urf; okd@r[kwf ,if;Oya'=urf;tpdwftykdif;tm; twnfðyjcif;r vkyfEkdifay?

(9) trsdK;om;v$wfawmfrS twnfðyxm;aom zJG@pnf;ykH jyifqifjcif; Oya'w&yf ESifh// oufqkdifaeygu / pD&ifpkrsm;trsdK;om;aumifpD twnfðyxm;aom zJG@pnf;ykHjyifqif jcif; Oya'=urf;w&yftm; oabmwlnDr_twGuf orRwxHqufvuf wifoGif; &rnf?

pD&ifpkrsm;tm; ywfoufr_r±SdaomomrefOya'=urf;rsm; 75? (1) yk'fr (74) okd@r[kwf (76)wGif csrSwfxm;aomvkyfxkH;vkyfenf;t& Oya'=urf;w&yf

rSty trsdK;om;v$wfawmfonf Oya'=urf;w&yftm;twnfðyaomf ‚if;Oya'=urf; tm;pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpDokd@ qufvufwifoGif;&rnfjzpf+yD; atmufvkyfxkH; vkyfenf;twkdif; vkyfaqmif&rnfjzpfonf? (u) aumifpDonf

Page 40: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

40(1) Oya'=urf;tm;twnfðy&rnf? (2) ‚if;. tqkdðyjyifqifr_c|if;csufjzifh Oya'=urf;tm;twnfðy&rnf? okd@r[kwf (3) Oya'=urf;tm;y,f&rnf?

(c) aumifpDrS Oya'=urf;tm; jyifqifr_rðybJ twnfðyygu oabmwlr_twGuf Oya' =urf; orRwxHqufvufwifoGif;&rnf?

(*) aumifpDrS Oya'=urf;tm; y,fcsI‚if; jyifqifr_c|if;csufjzifh twnfðyygu‚if;/ v$wfawmfonf aumifpD.tqkdðyjyifcsufw&yf&yftm;xnfh0ifI Oya'=urf;tm; jyefvnfokH;oyf&rnf jzpf+yD; (1) jyifqifr_rsm;yg0ifonfjzpfap ryg0ifonfjzpfap Oya'=urf;tm;wzeftwnf

ðyEkdifonf? (2) Oya'=urf;tm;qufvufvkyfaqmifjcif; rðy&efqkH;jzwfEkdifonf?

(C) tykd'f(*)t& twnfðyaomOya'=urf;tm;oabmwlr_twGuf orRwxHquf vufwifoGif;&rnf?

(2) Tyk'frESifhtnD jyowcktm; pD&ifpkrsm;trsdK;om;aumifpDrS rJcGJqkH;jzwf&mwGif yk'fr (65)onf tusKH;r0ifay? ,if;tpm; (u) pD&ifpkwck. ukd,fpm;vS,ftzJG@. ukd,fpm;vS,fwOD;pDonf rJwrJ±Sdonf? (c) ,if;jyomemtay: rJcJGqkH;jzwfjcif; rðyrSDukd,fpm;vS,frsm; ta&twGuf. tenf;

qkH;okH;ykHwykHaom ukd,fpm;vS,frsm;±Sdae&rnf? (*) jyomemtm; xnfh0ifaomtrsm;pk rJjzifhqkH;jzwfonf? okd@aomf,if;jy omemay:

wbufESifh wbuf rJta&twGufjcif;wlnDaeygu obmywdðyolukd,fpm;vS,frS tqkH;jzwfrJ ay; &rnf?

pD&ifpkrsm;tm; ywfoufr_±SdaomOya'=urf;rsm; 76? (1) tykd'fcJG (3) (4) okd@r[kwf (5)wGif tnGef;ðyxm;aom Oya'=urf;w&yftm; trsdK;om;

v$wfawmfrS twnfðyygu/ ,if;Oya'=urf;ukd pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpDokd@quf vufwifoGif;&rnfjzpf+yD; atmufygvkyfxkH;vkyfenf;t& vkyfaqmif&rnfjzpfonf? (u) aumifpDonf

(1) Oya'=urf;tm;twnfðy&rnf? (2) jyifqifr_jzifh Oya'=urf;tm;twnfðy&rnf? okd@r[kwf (3) Oy'=urf;tm;y,f&rnf/

(c) aumifpDrS Oya'=urf;tm; jyifqifr_rðybJ twnfðyygu oabmwlr_twGuf Oy a'=urf;tm; orRwxHwifoGif;&rnf?

(*) aumifpDrS jyifqifr_jzifh Oya'=urf;tm;twnfðyygu jyifqifOya'=urf;tm;v$wf awmfokd@ qufvufwifoGif;&rnfjzpf+yD; v$wfawmfrS jyifqifr_ Oya'=urf;tm;t wnfðyygu oabmwlr_twGuf,if;tm; orRwxHwifoGif;&rnf?

(C) aumifpDrS Oya'=urf;tm; y,fcsygu okd@r[kwftykd'fcJG (*) t& rdrdxHqufvuf wifoGif;aom jyifqifOya'rl=urf;tm; v$wfawmfrS twnfðy&ef jiif;ygu tusKH; 0ifr_±Sdygu jyifqifOya'=urf;tyg0ifOya'=urf;tm; zsef;ajza&;aumfrwDokd@ quf vufwifoGif;&mwGif - (1) v$wfawmfrStwnfðyonfh Oya'=urf;twkdif; (2) aumifpDrS twnfðyonfh jyifqifOya'=urf;twkdif; okd@r[kwf (3) Oya'=urf;.tjcm;rluGJw&yf -tay:oabmwlnDr_ukd&,lEkdifonf?

Page 41: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

41(i) zsefajza&;aumfrwDonf ‚if;xHqufvufwifoGif;aom Oya'rl=urf;tay:

&uf(30)twGif; oabmwlnDr_r&Ekdifjzpf+yD;v$wfawmfrS ‚if;.tzJG@0ifrsm;tenf; qkH; okH;ykHESpfykH axmufcHrJjzifh Oya'=urf;tm; xyfrHtwnfrðyygu Oya'rl=urf; onf ysufjy,fonf?

(p) zsefajza&;aumfrwDonf Oy'=urf;tm;v$wfawmfwGif twnfðyxm;onfht wkdif;oabmwlygu Oya'=urf;tm; aumifpDokd@qufvufwifoGif;&rnfjzpf+yD; aumifpDrSOya'=urf;tm; twnfðyyguoabmwlr_twGuf ,if;tm;orRwxH wifoGif;&rnf?

(q) zsefajza&;aumfrwDonf jyifqifOya'=urf;tm; aumifpDwGiftwnfðyxm;onfh twkdif; oabmwlygu Oya'=urf;tm; v$wfawmfokd@ qufvufwifoGif;&rnf jzpf+yD;v$wfawmfrS twnfðyaomf oabmwlr_twGuf,if;tm; orRwxHwGif oGif;&rnf?

(Z) zsefajza&;aumfrwDonf Oya'rl=urf;. tjcm;rluJGw&yftm; oabmwlygu ,if;Oy'rl=urf;.tjcm;rluJGtm; v$wfawmfESifh aumifpDESpf&yfpvkH; okd@quf vufwifoGif;&rnfjzpf+yD; v$wfawmfESifhaumifpDwkd@rS twnfðyygu oabmwl nDr_twGuf orRwxHwifoGif;&rnf/

(ps) tykd'f(p) okd@r[kwf (Z)t& aumifpDokd@ qufvufwifoGif;aom Oya'=urf;tm; aumifpDrS twnfrðyEkdifjzpf+yD; v$wfawmfrS ‚if;.tzJG@0iftenf;qkH;okH;ykHESpfykH axmufcHrJjzifh Oya'=urf;tm; xyfrHtwnfrðyygu Oya'rl=urf;onf ysufjy,f onf?

(n) tykd'f(q)okd@r[kwf(Z)t& v$wfawmfokd@ qufvufwioGif;aom Oya'=urf; tm; v$wfawmfrS twnfrðyygu Oya'rl=urf;onf ysufjy,fonf? okd@aomfv$wf awmfrS twnfðycJGaom Oya'rl=urf;rl&if;tm; v$wfawmfrS xyfrHtwnfðyEkdif onf okd@ aomf,if;. tzJG@0iftenf;qkH; okH;ykHESpfykHaxmufcHrJjzifh jzpf&rnf?

(É) v$wfawmfrStykd'f(i)/ (ps)okd@r[kwf(n)t& v$wfawmfrStwnfðyaom Oya' =urf;w&yftm; oabmwlrltwGuf ,if;tm;orRwxHwifoGif;&rnf?

(2) tykd'fcJG (3)wGiftnGef;ðyxm;aom Oya'=urf;w&yftm; pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpD rStwnfðyyg ,if;Oya'=urf;ukd trsdK;om;v$wfawmfokd@ qufvufwifoGif;&rnfjzpf +yD; atmufygvkyfxkH;vkyfenf;t& vkyfaqmif&rnfjzpfonf? (u) v$wfawmfonf?

(1) Oya'=urf;tm;twnfðy&rnf? (2) jyifqifr_jzifh Oya'=urf;tm;twnfðy&rnf? okd@r[kwf (3) Oya'=urf;tm;y,f&rnf?

(c) tykd'f (u) (1)t&twnfðyaom Oya'=urf;w&yftm; oabmwlr_twGuf orR wxHwifoGif;&rnf?

(8) v$wfawmfrS Oya'=urf;tm;jyifqifjzifhtwnfðyygu jyifqifr_ Oya'=urf;tm; aumifpD okd@qufvufwifoGif;&rnfjzpf+yD; aumifpDrS Oya'=urf;tm; twnfðyyg u oabmwlr_twGuf ,if;tm;orRwxHwifoGif;&rnf?

(C) v$wfawmfrS Oya'=urf;tm; y,fcsygu okd@r[kwf tykd'fcJG(*)t& rdrdxHqufvuf wifoGif;aom jyifqifOya'rl=urf;tm; v$wfawmfrS twnfðy&efjiif;ygu tusHK; 0ifr_±Sdygu jyifqifOya'=urf;tyg0if Oya'=urf;tm; zsefajza&;aumfr±Sifokd@ quf vufwifoGif;&mwGif (1) aumifpDrS twnfðyonfh Oya'=urf;twkdif; (2) v$wfawmfrStwnfðyonfh jyifqifOya'=urf;twdkif; okd@r[kwf

Page 42: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

42(3) Oya'rl=urf;. tjcm;rluJGw&yf -tay:oabmwlnDr_ukd&,lEkdifonf?

(i) zsefajza&;aumfrwDonf ‚if;xHqufvufwifoGif;aom Oya'rl=urf;tay: &uf(30)twGif;oabmwlnDr_ukd r&Ekdifygu Oya'rl=urf;onf ysufjy,fonf?

(p) zsefajza&;aumfrwDonf Oya'=urf;tm; aumifpDrS twnfðyxm;onfhtwkdif; oabmwlnDr_udk,lEkdifygu Oya'=urf;tm;v$wfawmfokd@qufvufwifoGif;&rnf jzpf+yD; v$wfawmfrS ya'=urf;tm; twnfðyygu oabmwlr_twGuf orRw xHwif oGif;&rnf?

(q) zsefajza&;aumfrwDonf Oya'rl=urf;. tjcm;rluJGw&yftm; oabmwlnDr_udk &,lEkdifygu ,if;Oya'rl=urf;rluJGtm; aumifpDokd@qufvufwifoGif;&rnf jzpf+yD; aumifpDrStwnfðyaomf oabmwlr_twGuf ,if;tm;orRwxHwifoGif;&rnf?

(Z) zsefajza&;aumfrwDonf jyifqifOya'=urf;tm; v$wfawmfwGif twnfðyxm; onfhtwkdif; oabmwlnDr_ukd&,lEkdifygu Oya'=urf;tm; aumifpDESifhv$wfawmf ESpf&yfpvkH; okd@qufvuf wifoGif;&rnfjzpf+yD;aumifpDESifh v$wfawmfwkd@rS twnf ðyygu oabmwlnDr_ twGuforRwxHwifoGif;&rnf?

(ps) tykdif;(p)t& v$wfawmfokd@ qufvufwifoGif;aom Oya'=urf;tm; v$wfawmfrS twnfrðyaomf Oya'rl=urf;onf ysufjy,fonf?

(3) vkyfief;Z,m;(4)wGif az:jyxm;aom vkyfief;a'owGif usa&mufaom Oya'rl=urf;w &yfodk@r[kwfatmuf (u) yk'fr 65(2) (c) yk'fr 163 (*) yk'fr182 (C) yk'fr 195 (3) ESifh (4) (i) yk'fr 196 ESifh (p) yk'fr 167

w&yf&yfwGif Oya'ðyr_twGuf tm±kHðyjyXgef;xm;aom Oya'rl=urf;w&yftm; tykd'fcJG (1) okd@r[kwf tykd'fcJG (2)wckckt& aqmif±Guf&rnf? (4) Oya'=urf;w&yfonf

(u) yk'fr (44) (2)okd@r[kwf 220(3) wGif tm±kHðyxm;aom okd@r[kwf (c) tcef;(13)wGif tm±kHðyxm;+yD; pD&ifpkpuf0ef;tpkd;&. b¾ma&;tusdK;aus;Zl;tm;

ouf0ifr_jzpfaom - Oya'ðyr_twGuf jyXgef;xm;jcif;jzpfygu yk'frcJG (1)wGifowf rSwfxm;aom vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;t& aqmif±Guf&rnf?

(5) yk'fr 42(6)wGif tm±kHðyxm;aom Oya'=urf;w&yftm; (u) trsdK;om;v$wfawmfrS Oya'=urf;tay: rJcJG&mwGif yk'fr 53(1)wGif jyXgef;xm;csuf

rsm; tusKH;0ifr_r±Sdjcif;/ ,if;tpm;Oya'=urf;tm; v$wfawmftzJG@0ifOD;a&trsm; pk. axmufcHrJjzifhomtwnfðyEkdifjcif;? ESifh

(c) zsefajza&;aumfrwDokd@ qufvufwifoGif;aom Oya'rl=urf;tay: atmufaz:jy yg enf;Oya'rsm;jzifh aqmif±Gufjcif; (1) trsdK;om;v$wfawmfonf yk'frcJG (1)(q)odk!r[kwf (Z)t& tm±kHðyxm;

aom Oya'rl=urf;w&yftm;aqG;aEG;+yD; ,if;Oya'rl=urf;tm; v$wfawmf t zJ Gh0ifrsm; . trsm;axmufcHrJjzifhom twnfðyEkdkifjcif;?

(*) trsdK;om;v$wfawmfrS yk'frcJG (1) (i) (ps) okd@r[kwf (n)t& tm±kHðyxm;aom Oya'rl=urf;w&yfmt; aqG;aEG;jcif; okd@r[kwf jyefvnfaqG;aEG;jcif;ðy+yD; ,if;Oy a'rl=urf;tm; v$wfawmftzJG@0ifrsm;. tenf;qkH;okH;ykHESpfykH axmufcHrJjzifhom t

Page 43: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

43wnfðyEkdifjcif;/ - wkd@rStyyk'frcJG (1)wGif owfrSwfxm;aom vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;t& aqmif±Guf&rnf?

(6) Tyk'fronf aiGOya'tay: tusKH;0ifr_r±Sday?

aiGOya'rsm; 77? (1) aiGcJGa0owfrSwfjci;f okd@r[kwftcGef pnf;=uyfaiG okd@r[kwf taumufrsm;qkdif&m Oya'

=urf;onf aiGOya'=urf;jzpfonf? aiGOya'=urf;onf aiGcJGa0owfrSwfjcif; pyfqkdifr_±Sd aom vufatmufcHudpP okd@r[kwftcGef pnf;=uyfaiG okd@r[kwf taumufqkdif&mudpP rsm;rS wyg;tjcm;udpPwpkHw&mtay:aqmif±Gufjcif;rðyEkdifay?

(2) aiGOya'=urf;tm;vkH;wkd@onf yk'fr (75)wGifowfrSwfxm;aom vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;rsm; t&aqmif±Guf&rnf? ygvDrmefa±S@arSmufwGif aiGOya'=urf;rsm;jyif qifa&;vkyfxkH;vkyf enf;ukd ygvDref tufOya'w&yfrS jyXgef;ay;&rnf?

zsefajza&;aumfrwD 78? (1) zsefajza&;aumfrwDonf?

(u) v$wfawmfwGif ukd,fpm;ðyaomygwDrsm;. tcsdK;twkdif; v$wfawmfrS csrSwfxm; aomenf;Oya'ESifh trdef@rsm; vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;twkdif; a±G;aumufaom trsdK; om;v$wfawmftzJG@0if ukd;OD;ESifh

(c) pD&ifpk ukd,fpm;vS,ftzJG@wzJG@jcif;rS wm0efay;cef@tyfaom ukd,fpm;vS,fwOD;pD - yg0ifonf?

(2) zsefajza&;aumfrwDonf Oya'=urf;w&yf. rluJGw&yftay: oabmwlnDr_ okd@r[kwf jy omemw&yftay:tqkH;tjzwfay;r_tm; ,if;rluJG odk@r[kwf jyomemtm; (u) trsdK;om;v$wfawmf ukd,fpm;vS,ftenf;qkH; ig;OD;ESifh (c) pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpD ukd,fpm;vS,f tenf;qkH;ig;OD; - axmufcHjcif;jzihf

aqmif±Gufonf? Oay'=urf;rsm; oabmwlnDr_ 79? (1)orRwonf Ttcef;t& twnfðyaom Oya'=urf;w&yftm; oabmwlnD+yD; vuf

rSwfa&;xkd;jcif;jzifh‚if;/ okd@r[kwf Oya'=urf;onf zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'ESifh qD avsmfr_tay:c|if;csufrsm;xm;±Sdygu jyefvnfaqG;aEG;r_twGuftrsdK;om;v$wfawmfokd@ jyefykd@jcif;jzifh‚if;aqmif±GufEkdifonf?

(2) trsdK;om;v$wfawmfrS Oya'=urf;w&yftay: jyefvnfaqG;aEG;r_ESifh ,if;vkyfaqmif r_wGif pD&ifpkrsm;trsdK;om; aumifpDyg0ifaqmif±Gufjcif;qkdif&mvkyfxkH;vkyfenf; yl;wJGenf; Oya'rsm;ESifh trdef@rsm;tm; jyXgef;ay;&rnf?

(3) orRwrS jyefvnfaqG;aEG;r_twGuf trsdk;om;v$wfawmfokd@ jyefykd@aom Oya'=urf;w&yf onf? (u) ,if;Oya'=urf;. zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'rsr_tm; orRwrSxm;±Sdaomc|if;

csufonf aumifpD.vkyfqmifr_udpPw&yfESifh qufEG,fr_±Sdaejcif; okd@r[kwf

Page 44: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

44(c) ,if;Oya'tm; twnfðy&mwGif yk'fr 74(c) (2)odk@r[kwf3(c)okd@r[kwf (76)wkd@

tm;tokH;ðycJhjcif; - wGifpD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpDrSyg0ifaqmif±Guf&rnf?

(4) jyefvnfaqG;aEG;r_aqmif±Guf+yD;aemuf Oya'=urf;w&yfonf orRw. c|if;csufrsm;tm; tjynfht0vkdufavsmxm;ygu orRwrS oabmwlvufa&;xkd;ay;&rnf/ xkdokd@r[kwf yguorRwonf (u) oabmwlvufrSwfa&;xkd;ay;jcif; okd@r[kwf (c) ,if;.tzJG@tpnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'usr_qkH;jzwfr_w&yftwGuf zJG@pnf;tkyf

csKyfykHtajccHOya'w&m;±kH;okd@xyfqifhay;ykd@jcif;? - w&yf&yftm; vkyfaqmif&rnf?

(5) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'w&m;±kH;rS Oy'=urf;onf zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccH Oya' usr_±Sdonf? [kqkH;jzwfygu orRwonf,if;tm; oabmwlvufrSwfa&;xkd;ay;&rnf?

zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya'w&m;±kH;okd@trsdK;om;v$wfawmftzJG@0ifrsm;av#muf xm;jcif;? 80? (1) trsdk;om;v$wfawmftzJG@0ifrsm;onf ygvDrmeftufOya'w&yfvkH;vkH; odk@r[kwf wpdwf

wykdif;onf zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'rusa=umif;trdef@twGuf av#mufxm;Ekdif onf?

(2) av#mufxm;jcif;w&yftm;? (u) trsdK;om;v$wfawmftzJG@0ifrsm;. tenf;qkH;okH;ykHwykhrS axmufcHjcif;±Sd&rnf? ESifh

(c) orRwrS oabmwlvufrSwfa&;xkd;aom ae@pJGrS &ufaygif; (30)twGif; vkyf aqmif &rnf?

(3) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykh tajccHOya'w&m;±kkH;onf yk'frcJG (1)t& av#mufxm;jcif;twGuf (u) w&m;r#wjcif;tusdk;aus;Zl;rsm;twGuf ,if;tm;vkdtyfjcif;ESifh (c) av#mufxm;jcif;onf atmifjrif&efusdK;a=umif;qDavsmfaomtvm;tvm±Sdjcif;

- wkkd@tay: tufOya'wckvkH;tm;‚if;wpdwfwykdif;tm;‚if; av#mufxm;r_tm; qkH;jzwfr_rðy&ao;onfh umvtxd ouf0ifr_r±Sda=umif; trdef@xkwfjyefEkdif onf?

(4) av#mufxm;jcif;onf ratmifjrifjzpf+yD;atmifjrif&ef usdK;a=umif;qD avsmfr_wpkH w&mr z±SdcJhygu zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'w&m;±kH;rS av#mufxm;olrsm;tm; ukefusp&dwf rsm; ay;aqmif&ef trdef@csEkdifonf?

tufOya'rsm;tm;ykHESdyfjcif; 81? orRwoabmwlvufrSwfa&;xkd;aom Oya'=urf;w&yfonf ygvDreftufOya'w&yfjzpf

vmonf? csufcsif;ykHESdyf&rnf? ykHESdyf+yD;aemuf okd@r[kwf tufOya'.qkH;jzwfxm;aomae@ pGJwGifoufa&mufapr_±Sdonf?

ygvDreftufOya'tm;vkHðcHaomae&mwGifxdrf;odrf;jcif;

Page 45: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

4582? vufrSwfa&;xkd;xm;aom ygvDreftufOya'w&yfonf ,if;tufOya' ygjyXgef;csufrsm.

Oufaojycsuf taxuftxm;jzpf+yD; ykHESdyf+yD;aemufykdif;wGif vkHðcHae&mwGif xdef;odrf;&ef twGufzJG@pnf; tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'w&m;±kH;wGif tyfESH&rnf?

tcef;( 5 ) orRwESifh trsdK;om;pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_

orRw 83? orRwonf (u) EdkifiHawmfOD;ao#mifESifh trsdK;om;pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_ [email protected];aqmifjzpfonf?

(c) zGJ@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'tm; orRwEdkifiH. tjrifhqHk;Oya'tjzpfxdef;odrf;&rnf? umuG,f&rnf? av;pm;vkdufem&rnf? xkd@jyif

(*) EkdifiHawmf. pnf;vkH;nDnGwfr_ESifh orRwEkdifiHtm;wkd;wufaprnfhvkyfief;rsm;ukdjrifhwif ay;&rnf?

Page 46: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

46

orRw.tm%mESifhvkyfief;rsm; 84? (1) orRwonf EkdifiH. OD;ao#mifvkyfief;rsm;ESifh trsdK;om;pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_

tzJG@acgif;aqmif vkyfief;rsm;vkyf aqmif&eftwGuf vkdtyfaomtm%mrsm;tygt0if zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'ESifh Oya'ðyjcif;wkd@rS ay;tyfxm;aom tm%mrsm;±Sd onf?

(2) orRwonf (u) Oya'rl=urf;rsm;tm; oabmwlvufrSwfa&;xkd;ay;jcif;? (c) trsdL;om;v$wfawmfrS Oya'rl=urf;w&yftay: zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'

ukduf nDr_±Sdr±Sdtm; jyefvnf aqG;aEG;&eftwGuf jyefvnfay;ykd@jcif;? (*) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'w&m;±kH;rS Oya'rl=urf;w&yf. zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH

tajc cHOya'±Sdjcif; tm;qkH;jzwfr_ay;&efay;ykd@jcif; ? (C) txl;udpPvkyfaqmif&eftwGuf trsdK;om;v$wfawmf pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om; aumifpD okd@r[kwf ygvDreftm;txl; tajctae tpnf;ta0;qifhc:jcif;? (i) trsdK;om; pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_ acgif;aqmifcef@tyfjcif;rSty zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'

okd@r[kwf Oya'ðyjcif;t& orRwrScef@tyfjcif; vkdtyfaom&mxl;cef@tyfjcif;rsm; aqmif±Gufjcif;?

(p) pkHprf;a&;aumfr±Sifrsm;cef@tyfjcif;? (q) ygvDreftufOya'w&yft& trsdK;om;qEN cH,lyGJw&yfac:ay;jcif;/ (Z) EdkifiHjcm;oHwrefa&;&m ESifhaumif;ppf0efa&;&m udk,fpm;vS,frsm; rtm;vufcHjcif;

ESifhtodtrSwf jyKjcif;? (ps) oHtrwfrsm; tm%mukefv$Jtyf oHwrefrsm; oHwrefa&;&mESifh aumifppf 0efa&;&m udk,fpm; vS,frsm; cef@tyfxm;jcif;? (n) tjypfusL;vGefolrsm;tm;vGwfjidrf;csrf; omay;jcif; odk@r[kwf tjypfav#mhayghay;

jcif;ESifh '%faiG / jypf'%f odk@r[kwf avsmfa}u;'%frsm;tm;avsmfypfjcif;/ ESifh (X ) *k%fxl;bJG@ay;aqmif csD;jrifhtyfESif;jcif; wdk@tm; wm0efcHaqmif±$uf&onf? orRwEdkifiH. pDrHtkyfcskyfr_vkyfydkifcGifhtm%m 85? (1) orRw EdkifiH.pDrHtkyfcsKyf r_vkyfydkifcGifhtm%mtm;orRwxH wGiftyfESif;&on?f

(2) orRwonf pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_vkyfydkifcGif@tm%mtm; tjcm;0ef}uD;tzGJ@0ifrsm;ESifhtwl (u) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya' odk@r[kwf ygvDreftufOya'w&yfrStjcm;wpHkw&m

jyXmef;xm;jcif; r±Sdygu trsdK;om;Oya'tm; taumiftxnfaz:vkyfaqgifjcif;? (c ) trsdK;om;ay:vpD az:xkwfay;jcif;ESifh taumifxnf az:vkyfaqgifjcif;ESifh? (* ) EdkifiH. Xgersm;ESifhtkyfcsKyfa&;aqgif±Gufr_rsm;.vkyfief;rsm;tm;qufpyfay;jcif;?

(C) Oya'jyifqifay;jcif;ESifhpwifoGifay;jcif;/ ESif/ (i) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya' odk@r[kwf trsdKom;Oya'wGifjyXmef;xm; aom tjcm; pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_ vkyfydkifcGifh tm%mw&yf&yf tm;vkyfaqmifjcif;wdk@wGif toHk;

jyKonf? orRwtm; a±G;aumufwif ajrmufjcif; 86? (1) trdsK;om;v$wfawmf onfa±G;aumifjyD;onf aemufyxrt}udrftpnfta0;wGif‚if;/

odk@r[kwfvpf vyfr_ae&mtm;jznf@&ef vdktyfvmcsdefwdkif;wGif‚if; rdrdtzGJ@0iftwGif;rS

Page 47: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

47trsdK;orD;wOD; odk@r[kwf trsdK;om;wOD;tm; orRwtjzpfa±G;aumufwifajrSmuf &rnf?

(2) zGJ@pnf;ykH tajccHOya' w&m;±kH;obmywdonf orRwa±G;aumifyGJwGif obm ywdjyK&rnf? odk@r[kwf tjcm;w&m;ol}uD;wOD;OD;tm; wm0efay;aqmif±Gufap& rnf? vkyfief;Z,m; (3)tydkif; (u)wGif csrSwfxm;aomvkyfxkH;vkyfenf;onf orRwa±G; aumufr_wGif tusHK;0ifonf?

(3) vpfvyfaeaomorRw &mxl;ae&mtm;jznfhpGwf&ef twGufaqgif±Gufaoma±G;aumuf yGJtm;zJG@pnf;ykHtajccHOya' oabm wlqHk;jzwfaomtcsdefESif hae@&uf wGifvkyf aqmif&rnf? odk@aomf vpfvyfjcif; jzpfay:aeaomae@&ufrS &ufaygif; (30) xufrykd ap&?

orRwrS orRw&mxl;tm; vufcHwm0ef,ljcif; 87? orRwtjzpf a±G;aumufcH&olonf trsdK;om;v$wfawmftzGJ@0if jzpfjcif;rS &yfqdkif;oGm;jyD;

(5 )&uftwGif;wGif vkyfief;Z,m; (2 )t& orRwonfEdkifiHtay: opPm±Sdjcif;ESifh zGJ@pnf;tkyf csKyfyHk tajccHOytm;vdkuf emjcif;jzifh usrf;opPmusdefqdk jcif;jzifh‚if;tcGifhtrSmajymqdktwnf jyKjcif;jzifh‚if;orRw &mxl;tm; vufcHwm0ef,l&rnf?

orR.w&mxl;oufwrf; 88? (1) orRw. &mxl;oufwrf;onf orRw&mxl;tm;vufcHwm0ef ,lcsdef wGif pwifjyD;vpf

vyfrj_zpfay:aomumv odk@r[kw faemufa±G;aumufwifajrmufcH&olwOD;rS orRw&m xl;rtm;vufcH wm0ef,lcsdefwGifukefqHk;onf?

(2) rnfolrqdkorRw &mxl;tm;oufwrf; ESpf}udrfxufydkIrxrf;aqgif&? odk@aomfvpfvyf aomorRw&mxl;ae&mwGifjznfhpGuf&ef a±G;aumufwifajrmufcH &aomyk*~dKvf wOD; . a&G;aumufwif ajrmufjcif;cH&aomtcsdefrS aemuforRw wOD;a±G;aumuf wif ajrmuf aom tcsdeftxdumv tm;oufwrf;wcktjzpf rowfrSwfay?

orRwtm;z,f±Sm;jcif; 89? (1) trsdK;om;v$wfawmf onf,if;.tzGJ@0iftenf;qHk;oHk;yHk ESpfyHkaxmufcHrJjzifh

(u) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya' odk@r[kwf Oya'tm;tvGeftusL;azguf zsufr_w&yf usL;vGefjcif;/

(c) }uD;rm;aomtusifhoduQm ysufjym;jcif;/ odk@r[kwf (*) orRwvkyfief;rsm;vkyfaqmif&ef rpGrf;aqmifEdkifjcif;wGif orRwtm;&mxl; rSz,f ±Sm; Edkifonf?

(2) yk'frcGJ (1) (u) odk@r[kwf (c) t&orRw &mxl;rSz,f±Sm;jcif;cH&ol rnfolrqdk&mxl;. t usdK;cHpm;cGifh wpHkw&mtm; &ydkifcGifhr±SdjzpfjyD; rnfonfhtrsm;jynfolvkyfief; &mxl;wGif;rS 0ifa&mufvkyfudkifcGifhr±Sdap&?

,m,DorRw

Page 48: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

4890? (1) orRwonf orRwEdkifiHrS r±SdaomumvwGif ‚if;tjcm;udpPa}umifhorRw vkyfief;rsm;

jznfhpGrf; &efrpGrf;aqgifEdkifI‚if; / orRw&m xl;vpfvyfjcif;jzpfaomumv wckwGif‚if; atmufygwm0efcHwOD;OD;onf atmufaz:jyygOD;pm;ay;t rSwfpOft vdkuforRw tjzpfaqmif ±Gufonf? (u) 'kwd, orRw ? ( c) orRw rSwm0efv$Jtyf aom0ef}uD;wOD;? (* ) tjcm;0ef}uD; tzGJ@0ifrsm;wm0efv$J tyfaom0ef}uD;wOD;? (C) trsdK;om;v$wfawmfrS rdrdtzGJ@0iftwGif; rSwm0efv$Jtyfonf hv$wfawmfOuUX?

(2) ,m,DorRw wGiforRw.wm0ef 0wW&m;rsm; tm%mrsm;ESifhvkyfief;rsm;wnf±Sdonf? (3) ,m,D orRwonf orRw.wm0ef 0wW&m;rsm; / tm%mrsm;ESif hvkyfief;rsm;tm;

vufcH wm0ef,ljcif; rjyKrSDwGif/ vkyfief;Z,m; (2 )t& EdkifiHawmftay: opPm±S d jcif;ESifhzGJ@pnf; tkyfcsKyftajccHOya'tm; vkdufemjcif;tm;usrf;opPmusdefqdkjcif; odk@r[kwf tcdkiftrm ajymqdktwnfjyK&rnf?

0ef}uD;tzGJ@ 91? (1) 0ef}uD;tzGJ@wGif 0ef}uD;tzGJ@t}uD;tuJ tjzpforRw / 'kwd,orRw wOD; ESifh0ef }uD;rsm;yg 0ifonf? (2) orRwonf 'kwd,orRwESifh 0ef}uD;rsm;tm;cef@tyfjyD; tm%mESifhvkyfief;rsm;owfrSwf

wm0efay;onf? ‚if;wdk@tm; jzKwfEdkifonf? (4) 'korRwonf

(u) 'kwd,orRw wOD;tm;trsdK;om;v$wfawmf tzGJ@0ifrsm;twGif;rSa±G;cs,fEdkifonf? (c) vdkoavmuf0ef}uD;rsm;tm; trsdK;om;vGwf awmf tzGJ@0ifrsm;twGif;rS a±G;

cs,f&rnf? xkd@jyif (*) v$wfawmfjyifyrS ESpfOD;xufrydkaom0ef}uD;tm;a±Gcs,fEdkifonf

(4) orRw onf0ef}uD;tzGJ@0ifwOD; tm;trsdK;om;v$wfawmf twGif;tpdk;&vkyfief;aqmif ±Gufr_acgif; aqmifwOD;tjzpfcef@tyf&rnf? (5) 'kwd, orRwonf orRw rStpdk;&vkyfief;rsm; vkyfaqmif&mwGifaxmuful jcif;jyK&rnf?

wm0efcHjcif;ESifh wm0efrsm; 92? (1) 'kwd,orRwESifh 0ef}uD;rsm;onf orRwrS‚if; wdk@tm;ow frSwfwm

0efay;aompDrHtkyf csKyfr_tm%mESifh vkyfief;rsm;tay:wGifwm0ef±Sdonf? (2) 0ef}uD;tzGJ@0ifrsm;onf pkaygif;I‚if;y*~KdvfwOD; jcif;t&‚if; rdrdwdk@tm;%mrsm;

toHk;csr_ ESifh wm0efrsm;aqmif±Gufr_wdk@wGif ygvDreftm;wm0efcHonf? (5) 0ef}uD;tzGJ@0ifrsm;onf

(u) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya't&vkyfaqmif&rnf? ( c) ‚if;[email protected];csKyf r_atmuf±Sdta&;udpPrsm; ESifhpyfvsOf; aomtjynfh t0ESifhyHkrSeft

pD&ifcHr_ wdk@tm;ygvDrefodk@ydk@ay;&rnf?

'kwd,0ef}uD;rsm;

Page 49: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

4993? orRwonf trsdK;om;v$wfawmf tzGJ@0ifrsm;twGi;f rS'kwd,0ef}uD;

rsm;tm;cef@tyfEdkifonf? ‚if;wdk@ tm;jzKwfcsEdkifonf? a±G;aumufyGJjyD; aESuf0ef}uD;tzGJ@ qufvufwnf±Sdjcif; 94? trsdK;om;v$wfawmf a±G;aumufyGJw&yfusif;yaomf0ef}uD;tzGJ@ / 'kwd,orRw0ef}uD;rsm;ESifh

'kwd,0ef}uD;rsm;onf a±S@vmrnfhv$wfawmfrSyk*~KdvfwOD;tm;orRwtjzpfa±G;aumufonfh umvt xdqufvufwm0efxrf;aqmifEkdifonf?

usrf;opPmusdefqdkjcif; odk@r[kwf tcdkiftrmjyKajymqdkjcif; 95? 'kwd,orRw 0ef}uD;rsm;ESifh 'kwd,0ef}uD;rsm;onf rdrdwdk@vkyfief;rsm;pwifxrf;aqmifjcif;

rðy rSDum vwGif vkyfief;Z,m; (2) t&orRwEdkifiHtay:opPm±Sdjcif;ESifhhzG@Jkpnf;tkyf csKyfyHktajc cHOy a' tm;vkdufemjcid;usrf;opPmusdefqdkjcif; odk@r[kwf tcdkiftrmajym qdktwnfjyKjcif; jyk& rnf?

0ef}uD;tzGJ@rsm;ESifh'kwd,0ef}uD;rsm;. jyKr_aexdkifr_ 96? (1) 0ef}uD;tzGJJ@ 0ifrsm;ESifh'kwd,0ef}uD;rsm;onf trsdK;om; Oya'jyKcsrSwfxm;aom pm&dwW

pnf;rsOf;pkrsm;t& jyKr_&rnf? (2) 0ef}uD;tzJG@0ifrsm;ESifh 'kwd,0ef}uD;rsm;onf?

(u) rnfonfhtjcm;tca}u;aiG&±Sdaom vkyfief;wGi;f rSrvkyfudkif&? ( c) &mxl;wm0efESifhudkufnDr_r±Sdaomrnfhonfh vkyfyHkvkyfenf;rsdK; odk@r[kwf

[email protected] &m;0if wm0ef0wW&m ESifhyk*~vdutusdK;aus;Zl;ESpfckt}um; yÉd uQjzpfapEkdifaom t ajctaewGif rdrdudk,fudk±Sdaeapjcif;tm;r vkyfaqmif&?

(*) ,if;wdk@. &mxl;&mcHtm; toHk;jyKjcif; odk@r[kwf ,ifwdk@tm;yHktyf xm;aom owif; ta}umif;t&mrsm;tm; toHk;csjcid;jcif;jzifh rdrdudk,fudk }uG,f0csrf;om apjcif; odk@r [kwf tjcm;rnfol udkrqdkravsmfruHtusdK;jzpfxGef;apjcif; tm;raqmif±Guf&?

vkyfief;rsm;vufvGJjcif; 97? (1) orRwonfxkwfjyefa}unmjcif;jzifh 0ef}uD;tzGJ@0ifwOD;tm;

(u) tjcm;tzGJ@0ifwOD;tm;,Hk}unftyfESHxn;aomrnfonf Oya'w&yfudk rqdkpDrH uGwfuJjcif; odk@r[kwf

( c) Oya'jyK,Hk}unftyfESH xm;aomrnfonfhtm%m w&yf&yfodk@r[kwfvkyfief;w&yf &yfudkrqdk tjcm;wOD;odk@ vGJajymif;ay; jcif;tm;vkyfEdkifonf?

vkyfief;rsm;,m,D owfrSwfwm0efay;jcif; 98? orRwonf 0ef}uD;tzGJ@ 0ifwOD;tm; tjcm;0ef}uD;tzGJ@0if wOD;onf&mxl;wGifr±Sdaejcif; a}umifh odk@r[kwf tm%mw&yftm;usifhoHk;jcif; rjyKEdkifjcif;a}umifh odk@r[kwf vkyfief;tm;

rvkyfaqmifEdkifyg u rnfhonfhtm%m odk@r[kwfrnfonfvkyfief;udkrqdk owfrSwf wm 0ef ay;Edkif onf?

Page 50: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

50

vkyfief;rsm;owfrSwfwm0efay;jcif; 99? 0ef}uD;tzGJ@0if wOD;onf rnfonfhygvDreftufOya' w&yft&usifhoHk;&ef odk@r[kwfvkyf

aqmif&e f tm%mw&yf&yf tm;‚if;/ vkyfief;t&yf&yftm;‚if; pD&ifpkpDrH tkyfcsKyfr_aumifpD tzGJ@wzGJ@ xHodk@‚if; jrLeDpyg,faumifp DwzGJ@zGJ@odk@ ‚if;owfrSwfwm0efay;Edkkifonf ? owfrSwf wm0efw&yfonf? (u) ywfoufaeaom0ef}uD; tzGJ@0ifESifhpDrHtkyfcsKyfr_aumifpD odk@r[kwf

jrKeDpy,faumifpDESpf OD; oabmwlnDr_w&yft&jzpfonf? ( c) ywfoufaer_ ±Sdaomtm%m odk@r[kwf vkyfief;tm;usifhoHk; &mwGifygvDref

tufOya' t&jzpf&rnf? ( *) orRwrS xkwfjyefa}ujim csdef wGifpwifouf0ifr_±Sdonf? pD&ifpkpDrHtkyfcsKyf r_tm;trsdK;om;}uD;}uyfr_ 100? (1) pD&if pkonfjyXmef; Oya'w&yf odk@r[kwf zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccH Oya't& rdrdaqmif

±Guf&ef vdktyfr_tm;r aqmif±Guf Edkifygu odk@r[kwf jznfhpGrf;&;rwwf pGrf;ygu trsdK;om;pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_rS ,if;aqmif±Guf&efvkdtyfaoma}umif;t&m jznfhpGrf; Edkif a&;twGuf (u) ,if;pD&ifpktm; ,if;vkyfaqmif&rnfhwm0eftay: rsufuGufaer_ twdkif;twm

tm;±Sif; vif;jyjyD;wm oefjznfhpGrf;a&;twGuf vdktyfaom±Guf&ef tqifhrsm; az:jy aom nGef}um;r_w&yf xkwfjyefjcif;ESifh

( c) ,if;pD&ifpkxJwGif ywfoufr_±Sdaeaomvkyfaqmif&ef wm0eftm; (1) r±Sd rjzpfrrsdK;om; qifhtwef;tm; qufvufxdrf; odrf;aqmifEdkifr_

twGuf±Sd apjcif;/ (2) pD;yGg;a&; nDnGwfr_tm;qufvufxdrf;odrf; ay;jcif; (3) trsdK;om; vHkjcHKa&;tm;qufvufxdrf;odrf;ay;jcif; odk@r[kwf (4) tjcm;pD&if pkwck. tusdK;aus;Zl; odk@r[kwf wEdkifiHvHk; .tusdK;aus;Zl;

xdyg;apEdkifaomvkyf&yftm;,if;pD&ifpkvkyfaqmif jcif;rSwm;jrpfay;jcif;/ - twkdif;twmtxd ajymif;vJI wm0ef,lay;jcif; tygt0if avsmfuefaom 0ifa&mufpGufzufr_ukd vkyfEkdifonf?

(2)? trsdK;om;pDrH tkyfcsKyfr_onf pD&ifpkwck twGif;wGif yk'frcGJ(1)(c) t& 0ifa&mufpGwf zufr_jyKaomf (u)0ifa&mufpGwfzufr_qdkif&m a}ujimcsuftm; 0ifa&mufpGufzufr_jyKjyD;aemufwGif

usif;yaomyxrt}udrfpD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpDtpnf;ta0;rSm usif;y onfh 14 &uftwGif;jyKvkyf&rnf?

(c) aumifpDrS 0ifa&mufpGwfzufr_tm; 0ifa&mufpGufzufr_jyKjyD;aemuf usif;yaom y xrt}udrftpnf;a0;&uf (30)twGif;wGif obmwlnDr_ay;jcif;r±Sdygu 0ifa&muf pGwf zufr_ udk &yfqdkif;&rnf?xkdjyif

(*) aumifpDonf0ifa&mufpGufzufr_ tay:oHk;oyfr_tm; yHkrSefaqmif±Guf& rnfjzpfjyD; t rsdK;om;pDrH tkyfcsKyfr_tm; oifhav#mfaomtqdkjyKr_ rsm;udkvkyf&rnf?

(3) Tyk'frwGifowfrSwf Iay;xm;aomvkyfaqmifr_ tm;trsKd;om; Oya'ðyjcif;jzifh enf;Oya'csrSwfEkdiffonf?

Page 51: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

51

pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_ qHk;jzwfcsufrsm; 101? (1) orRw .qHk;jzwfcsufw&yfonf (u) Oya'tjzpfrSwf,ljcif;/ odk@r[kw/f

(c) Oya'a&;&m aemufqufwGJtusdK;qufrsm; ±Sdaejcif;/ jzpfygu pmjzifh a&;om;xm; ae& rnf?

(2) a&;om;xm;aom orRwqHk;jzwfcsuf w&yfonf tjcm;0ef}uD;tzGJ@ 0ifwOD;OD;tm; owfrSwf wm0efay;xm;aom vkyfief;ESifhywfoufaeygu ,if;0ef}uD;tzGJ@ 0ifonfxyf qifhvufrSwfa&;xdk;ay;&rnf?

(3) trdef@jyefwrf;/ pnf;rsOf;ESifh tjcm;Oya' vufatmufcHqdkif&mvkyfenf;vkyfxkH; onf trsm;jynfol vufvSrf;rSDr_±Sd ap&rnf?

(4) yk'frcGJ (3) wGifaz:jy xm;aomvkyfenf;vkyfxkH; .enf;[efESifhtwdkif;twmwdk@tm; trsdK; om;Oya'jyKjcif;rS

(u) ygvDref wGifjyKpka&;qGJjcif;ESifh (c) ygvDref rSvufcHtwnfjyK ay;jcif;jzifhtrsKdom;Oya'rS txl;jyKay;Edkifonf?

t,Hkt}unfr±Sd tqdkwifjcif; 102? (1) trsdK;om; v$wfawmfonf ‚if;. tzGJ@0ifrsm;. trsm; pkaxmufcHrJw&yfjzifh orRw ryg0ifaom / 0ef}uD;tzGJ@ tm;,Hkt}unf r±Sdtqdkw&yf tm;twnfjyKyg u orRw onf0ef;}uD; tzGJ@ tm;jyefvnf zGJ@pnf;ay;&rnf?

(2) trsdK;om;v$wfawmfonf ‚if;.tzGJ@0iftrsm;pkaxmufcHrJw&yfjzifh orRwtm;t,Hk t}unfr±Sdtqdkw&yftm; twnfjyKygu/ orRw ESifhtjcm;0ef}uD;tzGJ@0ifrsm;ESifh 'kwd, 0ef}uD;rsm; &mxl;rsm;rSxGuf ay;&rnf?

tcef; (6) pD&ifpkrsm;

pD&ifpkrsm; 103? (1) orRw EdkifiHonf atmufygpD&ifpkrsm;±Sdonf? (u) ta±S@udwf? (c ) vGwfvyfjynfe,f? (* ) a*:w,f?

(C) *GgZlvl-emw,f (i ) rmzlrmvefum

( p) ajrmufudwf (q) ajrmufpD&ifpk (Z ) taemufajrmuf

(ps ) taemufudwf

Page 52: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

52 (2) pD&ifpkrsm;. e,ferdwf rsm;onfzGJ@ pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'pwift}uHK; 0if um vwGif wnf ±Sdk aome,ferdwfrsm;jzpfonf?

pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@rsm; pD&ifpkrsm;. Oya'jyKjcif;tm%m 104? (1) pD&ifpkwck. Oya'jyKjcif; tm%mtm; ,if;pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@wGifay;tyfxm;+yD;

pD&ifpkOya'ðytzJG@tm; (u) ,if;pD&ifpk. zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'w&yftm;twnfjyK ay;&ef odk@r[kwf

yk'fr (142)ESifh (143)t& ,if;rStwnfjyKwm;aom rnfonfhzGJ@pnf; tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'udkrqdk jyifqif&ef/

(c) ,if;.pD&ifpktwGuf (1) vkyfief;Z,m;(4)wGif az:jyxm;aom vkyfief;a'otwGif; usa&mufaom

rnfonfh ta}umif; udpPtm;rqdk/ (2) vkyfief;Z,m; (5) wGifaz:jyxm;aomvkyfief; a'otwGif; usa&mufaom

rnfonfh ta}umif;udpP tm;rqdk/ (3) ‚if;vkyfief; Z,m;jyifywGif usa&mufjyD;trsKd;om; Oya' jyK jcif;jzifh pD&jifpkodk@

az:jy wm0efay; xm;aomrnfonfhta}umif; udpPtm;rqdk / ESifh (4) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'jyXmef;csufw&yf rSpD&ifpk Oya' jyK &eftwGuf owfrSwfay;xm;aom rnfonfhta}umif;udpP tm;rqd/k

- Oya'jyKay;&ef tm;%mtyfESif;onf? (2) pD&ifpk wck. Oya'jyKtzGJ@ onf rdrd . tzGJ@0ifrsm; tenf;qkH; oHk;yHkESpfyHkaxmufcHrJ jzifh twnfjyK qHk;jzwfcsufjzifh ,if;pD&ifpktrnf tm;ajymif;vJ &eftwGwfygvDrefxH xHar wWm&yfcHEdkifonf? (3) pD&ifpkwck. Oya'jyKtzGJ@onf zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'}uD;jzifhom taESmifzGJ@xm;jcif;

±SdjyD; ,if;.pD&ifpktwGuf zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya'w&yftm; twnfjyKxm;ygu ,if;zGJ@ pnf;ykHtajccHOya'ESifhvnf; taESmif;zGJ@xm;jcif;±Sdum zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya'

}uD; ESifh ,if;pD &ifpk.zGJ@pnf;tkyfyHktajccHOya't&ESifh ‚if;[email protected]; wGifom vkyfaqmif& rnf?

(4) vkyfief;Z,m; (4)wGif az:jyxm;aom rnfonfhta}umif;t&m w&yf&yfudkrqdktusdK; a}umif; qDavsmfr_jzifhvkdtyfr_±Sdjcif; odk@r[kwf ywfoufaer_ ±dSjcif;twGufaqmif±Guf&ef

tm%mt wGufpD&ifpkOya'jyKjcif;onf vkyfief;Z,m; (4)wGif az:jyyg±Sdaom ta}umif; udpPw&yftwGuf &nf±G,fIOya'jyKonf?

(5) pD&ifpkOya'jyK tzGJJ@wzGJ@onf,if;.Oya'jyKydkif cGifhjyifywGufusa&mufaeaom ta}umif; udpPwcktm;Oya'jyKay;&ef odk@r[kwf pD&ifOya'w&yftay:ygvDref tufOya'w&yfrSvGrf; rdk; aejcif;tudpPtm; trsdK;om;v$wfawmfrS Oya'jyKay;&ef tqdkwifoGif;Edkifonf?

pD&ifpk Oya'jyKtzGJ@ rsm;zGJ@pnf;yHk ESifha±G;aumufyGJ 105? (1) pD&ifpk Oya' jyKtzGJ@wzGJ@ wGif (u) trdsK;om; Oya'jyXmef;ay;aom

Page 53: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

53 ( c) pD&ifpkqdkif&mrJay;ol vlOD;a&p&if;tm;tajccHaom ( *) ti,fqHk; rJay;ydkifcGifhtouftm; 18 EspfowfrSwfay;aom

(C) omrmeftm;jzifh tcsdK;pm;vdkuf udk,fpm;jyKjcif;&v'fudk ay;aqmifaom/ a±G; aumuf yGJpESpfjzifh tzGJ@0ifrsm;tjzpf a±G;aumuf xm;aomtrsdK;orD; ESifhtrsdK;om;rsm;yg0if onf?

(2) pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@wzGJ@wGif tzGJ@0if (30) OD;rS (80) OD;txdyg0ifonf? pD&ifpkrsm;wGif t a&twGufuGJjym;Edkifaom tzGJ@0ifrsm;ta&twGuftm; trsdK;om;Oya'rS jyXmef;ay; aomyHkaom yHkaoenf;wckt& qHk;jzwf&rnf?

tzJG@0ifjzpfjcif; 106? (1) trsdK;om;v$wfawmftwGuf rJay;ydkifcGifh±Sdolrnfolrqdk pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@wzGJ@. tzGJ@

0ifjzpf&ef t&nftcsif;rSDonf? c|if;csufrsm;tjzpf/ (u)EdkifiHawmfrS tvkyfcef@xm;aom odk@u[kwf EdkifiH. 0efxrf;wGifyg0ifaeaom ,if;

okd@cef@tyfxm;jcif; okd@r[kwf0efxrf;aejcif; twGuftm;a}u; aiGcHpm;ae&ol rnfol rqdk ‚if;wGifryg0ifolrsm;rSm

(1) 0ef}uD;csKyfESifh pD&ifpkwck.pDrH tkyfcsKyfr_ aumifpD. tjcm;tzGJ@0ifrsm;ESifh (2) pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@ wzGJ@0ifwOD;. vkyfief;rsm;ESifho[Zwjzpfaom vkyfief;

rsm;tjzpf trsdK;om;Oya'jyK xkwfjyefa}unmxm;aom tjcm;wm0efrsm; tm; xrf;aqmifaeolrsm;?

(c) trsdK;om;v$wfawmftzJG@0ifrsm; pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpD. t+rJwef;ukd,fpm; vnfrsm; okd@r[kwf jrLeDpyg,f aumifpDwck. tzJG@0ifrsm;

(*) jyefvnfxlaxmifjcif; rvkyf&ao; aomvlrGJtjzpf a}unm xm;jcif;cH &olrsm;/ (C)orRwEdkifiHw&m;±Hk; wckrS pdwfrrSefol [k a}unmxm;jcif;cH&ol rnfolrqdk /

odk@r[kwf (i) Ttcef;ouf0ifr_ jzpfjyD; aemufydkif;'%faiG ay;aqmif;jcif;jzifh tpm;xkd; Ir& aom orRwEdkifiHtm; apmfum;aom jypfr_}uL;vGef r_w&yfa}umifh axmif '%f (12) vt xuf uscH&eforRwEdkifiHtwGif;jzpfap/ jyifywGifjzpfap tjypfxif±Sm; pD

&ifjcif;cH&olrnf olwOD;wa,mufrqdk/ odk@aomfrnf ol@udkrS tjypf±Sda}umif; odk@r[kwf tjypfcsrSwfjcif; tm;t,lcHxm;jcif;tay: qHk;jzwfcsufrjyKrSD odk@r[kwf

t,lcHydkifcGifh umvrukefqHk;rSD umvwGif tjypf'%fay;cH&jcif;[kr,lq&? T t ydk'fcGJjzifh t&nftcsif;rrSDowfrSwf jcif;cH&olonf tjypf'%fcHjyD;aemuf (5) ESpf aemuf ydkif;wGifjyF;qHk;onf?

(2) yk'frcGJ (1)(u) odk@r[kwf (c) owfrSwfxm;csuft& pD&ifpkOya' jyKtzGJ@ 0ifwOD;jzpf&eft &nftcsif;rrSDol wOD;onftrsdK;om;Oya'jyKr_ jrifhxm;±Sdaomuef@owfxm;r_ odk@r[kwf owfrSwfcsufwckckatmufwGif Oya'jyKtzGJ@. udk,fpm;vS,favmif;jzpfEdkifonf?

(3) yk*~dKvfwOD;onf pD&ifpkOya'ðytzJG@wck. tzJG@0iftjzpf (u) t&nftcsif;rSDr_ ukefqHk;oGm;jcif; / odk@r[kwf

(c) Oya'jyKtzGJ@. pnf;rsOf;Oya'ESifhtrdef@rsm;rS toif;0iftjzpfrS&yfpJjcif;tjzpf jyXmef; csuft&Oya'jyKtzGJ@rS tcGifhr&bJysufuGufr_wGif qHk;±SLH;onf?

(3) pD&ifpk Oya'jyKtzGJ@wckwGif ae&mvpfvyfr_rsm;tm; trsdK;om; Oya't& tpg;xkd; jznfh&rnf?

Page 54: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

54

usrf;opPm usdefjcif; odk@r[kwf tcdkiftrm twnfjyKjcif; 107? pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@wzGJ@. tzGJ@0ifrsm;onf Oya'jyKtzGJ@wGif vkyfief;wm0efrsm;pwufr

xrf;aqmifrSDwGif vkyfief;Z,g;(2)t& orRwEdkifiHtay:opPmapmifhxdef;r_ESifh zGJ@pnf;tkyf csKyfyHk tajccHOya'tm;vdkufemr_tm; usrf;opPmusdefjcif; odk@r[kwf tcdkiftrmtwnfjyK jcif;jyK&rnf ?

pD&ifpk Oya'jyK tzGJ@rsm;. tcsdefumv 108? (1) pD&if pk Oya'jyKtzGJ@ w&yftm; 5 ESpfoufwef; twGufa±G;aumufwif ajrmufonf? (2)yk'fr (109)t& pD&ifpkOya' jyKtzGJ@w&yftm; zsufodrfIaomf‚if; odk@r[kwfoufwef;

ukefqHk;csdefwGifaomf‚if;/ ,if;pD&ifpk.0ef}uD;csKyfonf wdkif;odjynfodxkwfjyefa}unm r_jzifh a±G;aumufyGJac:,lay;jcif;ESifh ae@&ufowfrSwfay;jcif; jyK&rnfjzpfjyD; a±G; aumuyGJtm; Oya'jyKtzGJ@tm; zsufodrf;aomae@ odk@r[kwf oufwef;ukefqHk;aom

ae&ufrS(90) &uftwGif;usify&rnf? (3) pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@w&yf. a±G;aumufyGJ&v'ftm;yk'fr (190)wGif owfrSwf xm;

aom umvtwGif; xkwfjyefjcif;rjyKygu odk@r[kwf a±G;aumufyJGw&yftm; w&m;±Hk; wckrS z,fxm;ygu orRwonf wdkif;odjynfod xkwfjyef a}unm jcif;jzifh tjcm; a±G;aumufyGJw&yftm; ac:,lay;jcif;ESifh ae@&ufrsm;owf rSwfay;jcif;udk jyKay;& rnfjzpfjyD; a±G;aumuf yGJtm;,if;umvukefqHk;r_ odk@r[kwf a±G;aumufyGJtm; z,fxm;aomae&ufrS&uf(90) twGif;usif;yay;&rnf?

(4) pD&ifpk Oya' jyKtzGJ@w&yfonf zsufodrf;jcif;cH&aomae@&uf okd@r[kwf oufwef;ukef qHk;aomae@&ufrS aemufOya'jyKtzGJtwGuf a±G;aumufyGJ rJxnfhaomae@&uf w&uf rwdkifrSDDtxd vkyfief;rsm;vkyfEdkifpGrf; qufvufwnf±Sdonf?

pD&ifpk Oya'jyKtzGJ@ rsm;tm;oufwef;rukefrDS zsufodrf;jcif; 109? (1) pD&ifpk wck.0ef}uD;csKyfonf pD&ifpk Oya'jyKtzGJ@tm; /

(u) pD&ifpk Oya'jyK tzGJ@. tzGJ@0iftrsm; pk.axmufcHrJjzifh pD&ifpkOya'jyK tzJG@zsufodrf; ay;&ef / qHk;jzwfcsufw&yftm; twnfjyKjcif;/ ESifh

(c ) pD&ifOya'jyKtzJG@tm; a±G;aumufwifajrmufaom umvonfoHk;ESpfausmf vGef oGm;jcif;/ wdk@wGifzsufodrf; ay;&rnf? (1) ,m,D0ef}uD; csKyfonfpD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@tm; (u) 0ef}uD; csKyf &mxl;vSpfvyf r_jzpfjcif;/ ESifh/ ( c) ,if;vSpfvyfr_ jzpfjyD;&ufaygif;(30) twGif;wGif 0ef}uD;csKyftopfwOD;udk Oya'jyKtzGJ@rS a±G;aumuf&efysufuGufjcif;twGufzsufodrf;ay;&rnf?

tpnf;ta0;usif;yjcif; ESifhacwW&yfem;csdefrsm; 110? (1)a±G;aumuf yGJw&yftjyD; wGifpD&ifpk Oya'jyKtzGJ@wck. yxrt}udrftpnf;ta0; tm;

zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'w&m;±Hk; OuUX rSwm0efay;cef@tyfxm;aom w&m;ol}uD; wOD;rSqHk;jzwfay;ae@&ufESifh tcsdefwGifjyKvkyf&rnf? odk@aomfa±G;aumufyGJ&v'fxkwfjyef

Page 55: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

55a}unmaomae@&ufrS(14)&ufxufrausmfvGefap&? pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@w&yfonfrdrd. tjcm;aom tpnf;ta0;rsm;ESifh acwW&yfem;jcif;tcsdefESifh umvrsm;tm;qHk;jzwfEdkif onf?

(2) pD&ifpkwck. 0ef}uD;csKyfonf txl;vkyfief;twGuf xl;jcm;aomtpnf;ta0;xkdif&eft wGuf pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@tm; rnfonfhtcsdefwGifrqdkac:Edkifonf

(3) pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@w&yfonf rdrdwdkhomreftpnf;ta0;xdkifrnfhae&mtm; qHk;jzwfEdkif onf?

pD&ifpkv$wfawmfOuUX ESifh 'kwd,v$wfawmfOuUX 111? (1)pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@w&yfonf ‚if;.a±G;aumufyGJjyD;aemuf yxrt}uDrftpnf;ta0;odk@

r[kwf &mxl;vSpfvyfr_tm; tpm;xkd;&efvkdtyfvmr_wGif rdrdtzGJ@0iftwGif;rS OuUX ESifh 'kwd,OuUXwOD;tm; a±G;aumuf&rnf?

(2) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'w &m;±Hk;OuUXrSwm0ef ay;cef@tyfxm;aomw&m;ol}uD; wOD;onf OuUXa±G;aumufyGJwGif obmywdtjzpf aqmif±Gufay;&rnf? 'kwd, OuUXa±$;aumufolonf obmywdtjzpfaqmif±Guf&rnf?

(3) vkyfief;Z,m; ( 3)tydkif; (u) wGuf csrSwfxm;aom vkyfxHk;vkyfenf;onf OuUX ESifh'kwd,OuUX a±G;aumufyGJwGif tusHK;0ifonf?

(4) pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@w&yfonfOuUXESifh 'kwd,OuUXwkd@tm; tpnf;a0;qHk;jzwfcsuf w&yfjzifh &mxl;rSy,f±Sm;Edkifonf? ,if;tpnf;ta0; qHk;jzwf csuf twnfjyKcsdefwGif Oya'jyKtzGJ@. tzJG@0iftrsm;pkonf ±Sdae&rnf?

(5) ,if;.pnf;rsOf; Oya'ESifh trdefhtm%mrsm;t& pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@w&yfonf OuUX qdkcGifh±SdolESifh 'kwd,OuUXwdk@tm; axmufulr_twGuf tjcm;obmywd tzJG@0if t&m±Sdrsm;tm; rdrdtzGJ@0iftwGif; rSa±G;aumufEdkifonf?

qHk;jzwfcsufrsm; 112? (1) zGJ@pnf;ykH tkyfcsKyfyHktajccH Oya'rS tjcm;wrsdK;wrnf jyXmef;xm;jcif;rSwyg;/

(u) Oya'}urfw&yf odk@r[kwf Oya' }urf;w&yftm; jyifqifr_twGufqENrJ ray; rSD csdef wGifpD&if pkOya' jyKtzGJ@ w&yf. tzJG@0ifxuf0ufausmf ±Sd ae& rnf?

(c) Oya'jyKtzGJ@. a±S@arSmuf wGuftjcm;aom rnfonfhta&; udpPw&yf&yftm;qENrJ ray;rSD csdefwGif tzGJ@0if ta&twGuf .koHk;yHktenf;qHk; ±Sdae&rnf?

(*) pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@a±S@arSmuf ta&;udpPtm;vHk;wdk@tm; ay;rJxuf0ufausmf jzifh tqHk; tjzwfay;onf?

(2) pD&ifpk Oya'[email protected];ta0;wckwGif obmywdtjzpfaqmif±Gufaom tzGJ@0if w OD;onf (u) ta&;udpPw&yfwGif rJta&twGufjcif; wlnDaeojzifh tqHk;tjzwfrJtm; wbufbufodk@ ay;&ef? ESifh (c) Oya'jyKtzGJ@. tzGJ@0iftenf;qHk; oHk;yHkESpfyHk .axmufcHrJjzifhqHk;jzwf&ef vkdtyf

onfh ta}umif;udpPwGif &nf±G,fcsufrJay;vkdu ay;&efrSty&nf±G,fcsuf rJxnfh jcif;r±Sday?

pD&ifpk Oya'jyKtzGJ@ twGif;wGif tjrJwef; udk,fpm;vS,frsm;. tcGifhta&;rsm;

Page 56: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

56113? pD&ifpkrsm; trsKdom;aumifpDodk@ay;ydk@aom pD&ifpkwck. tjrJwef;udk,fpm;vS,frsm;onf ‚if; wdk@. pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@wGuf‚if;/ aumfrwDrsm;wGif‚if; wufa&mufjcif;ESihf pum;

ajymqdkjcif; jyKEdkifonf? odk@aomf rJay;Ir&? Oya'jyKtzGJ@. Oya'jyKjcif; odk@r[kwf ‚if;.aumfrwDtpnf;ta0;odk@ tjrJwef;udk,fpm;vS,f wOD;wufa&muf &efawmif; qdkEdkifonf?

pD&ifpk Oya'jyKtzGJ@ rsm;.tm%mrsm; 114? (1) rdrd. Oya'jyKtm%mtm; usifhoHk;&mwGif pD&ifpk Oya'jyKtzGJ@ w&yfonf

(u) Oya'jyKtzGJ@a±S@arSmufa&muf rnfonfhOya'}urf;tm;rqdk pOf;pm;qifjcifjcif;/ Oy a'jzpfapjcif;/ jyifqifjcif;ESifh y,fcsjcif;/ ESifh

(c) aiG Oya'}urf;rsm; rSty Oya'rsm;pwif wifoGif;jcif; odk@r[kwf jyifqifxm;jcif;/ wdk@tm;vkyfaqmifEdkifonf?

(2) pD&ifpk Oya'jyKt zGJ@w&yfonf / ,EW,m; rsm;twGuf- (u) pD&ifpk. pDrHtkyf csKyfr_ ,EW,m; t00 onf rdrdtmm;wm0ef cHjcif; jzpf

&eftmrcH&ef / ESifh (c) (1) Oya'tm; taumiftxnf az:vkyfaqmifr_tygt0if pD&ifpktwGif;wGif pD&if

pkpDrHtkyfcsKyfr_ vkyfydkifcGifhtm%mtm; usifhoHk;jcif; (2) pD&ifpk. ,EW&m; rnfonfhw&yf&yfukdrqdk }uD;}uyf r_udkxdef;odrf;jcif;/ wdk@tm;

axmufyHr_ay;&rnf?

pD&ifpk Oya'jyKtzGJ@rsm; a±S@arSmuf oufaotaxmuftxm; odk@r[kwf owif;t csuftvuf 115? pD&ifpk Oya'jyKtzGJ w&yf odk@r[kwf ,if;. rnfonfhaumfrwD w&yf&yfonf?

(u) rnfolrqdk rdrda±S@armufodk@vma&muf jyD;usrf;opPmusdefI odk@r[kwf tcdkiftrmjyK xGufqdkr_ odk@r[kwf pm±Gufpmwrf; rsm;xkwfjy&ef twGuftm;qifhac: Edkifonf?

(c) rnfoludkrqdk odk@r[kwf rnfonfhpD&ifpk tzGJ@tpnf;tm;rqdk rdrdxHtpD&ifcHapjcif; tm;vkyfaqmifEdkifonf?

(*) yk'frcGJ (u) ESifh (c) t& vkdtyfaomqifhac:r_tm; vdkufemap&ef pD&ifpkOya't& okd@r[kwf pnf;rsOf;Oya'ESifh trdef@rsm;t& rnfoludkrqdk odk@r[kwf rnfonf tzGJ@tpnf;ukdrqdk t}uyfudkifvkdufemapEdkifonf?

(C) pdwf0ifpm;ol rnfolrqdk odk@r[kwf rnfonfhtzGJ@tpnf;rqdkwifjyaom toem; cHpmrsm;/ awmif;qdkcsufrsm; / odk@r[kwf wifjycsufrsm;tm; vufcHEdkifonf?

pD&ifpk Oya' jyKtzGJ@rsm;. twGif;tpDtpOfrsm; tpnf;ta0; aqmif±Gufcsufrsm; ESifh vkyfxHk;vkyfenf; rsm; 116? (1) pD&ifpk Oya'jyKtzGJ@w&yfonf

(u) rdrd. twGif;tpDtpOfrsm; /tpnf;ta0;aqmif±Gufcsufrsm; / ESifhvkyfxHk; vkyf enf; wdk@tm;qHk;jzwf jcif;ESifh xdrf;csKyfxm;jcif;jyKEdkifonf? xkd@jyif (c) udk,fpm;jyKr_ yg0ifvkyfaqmifr_ 'Drdkua&pD/ wm0efcHr_ESifh jrifomr_ESifh t rsm;jyXgef;

jynfolyg0ifywfoufr_wdk@tm; OD;xdyfxm;I enf;Oya'rsm;ESifh trdef@ rsm;vkyfEkdif onf?

Page 57: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

57 (2 ) pD&ifpk Oya'jyKtzGJ@ w&yf.enf;Oya'rsm; ESifhtrdef@rsm;onf? (u) ,if;. aumfrwDrsm;tm; zJG@pnf;ay;r_/ yg0ifzGJ@pnf;r_tm%mrsm; / vkyfief;rsm; / vkyfxHk;vkyfenf;rsm; ESifhumvwdk@tm;jyXmef;ay;&rnf?

(c) Oya'jyKtzGJ@wGifyg0ifaom vlenf;pk ygwDrsm;rS Oya'jyKr_ vkyfaqmifr_ tqifhrsm; ESifh ‚if;.aumfrwDrsm;wGif 'Drdkua&pD ESifhvdkufavsmfnDaxG±Sdaom yg0ifEdkifr_tm; jyXmef;ay;&rnf?

(*) oufqdkif&mygwD ESifh,if;ygwD. acgif;aqmifrS ,if;[email protected];rsm;tm; Oya'jyK tzJG@wGifxda&mufpGm xrf;aqmifEdkif&eftwGuf Oya'jyKtzGJ@wGif udk,fpm;jyK aom ygwDtzGJ@pnf;tm; ,if;ygwD. udk,fpm;jyKjcif;tcsdK;t& b¾ma&;ESifh uGwfuJ tkyfcsKyfr_tultnDay;r_tm; jyXmef;ay;&rnf?

(C) Oya'jyK tzJG@onf t}uD;qHk;twdkuftcH ygwDacgif;aqmiftm; twdkuftcHacgif; aqmiftjzpfowfrSwfay;r_tm;jyXmef;ay;&rnf? tcGifhta&; 117? (1) pD&ifpkpDrHtkyfcsKyfr_tzGJ@0ifrsm;ESifh pD&ifpk. pD&ifpkrsm;trsdK;om;aumifpDodk@ wufa&muf

aom udk,fpm;vnfrsm;onf / (u) enf;Oya'ESifh trdef@rsm;t& Oya'jyKtzGJ@ ESifh,if;.aumfrwDrsm;wGif vGwf vyf

pGmajymqdkcGifh ±Sdonf? xkd@jyif (c) (1) Oya'jyKtzGJ@ odk@r[kwf ,if;.aumfrwDrsm;wGif ajymqdkr_ a}umifh‚if;/ ,if;

wdk@ a±S@arSmufodk@xkwfjyaom odk@r[kwf wifoGif;aomtaxmuftxm; t&m0wˆK twGuf‚if;/ odk@r[kwf

(2) Oya'jyKtzGJ@ odk@r[kwf ,if;.aumfrwDrsm;wGif ajymqdkr_a}umifh‚if;/ ,if;wkd@a±S@arSmufodk@xkwfjyaom odk@r[kwfwifoGif;aom taxmuftxm; 0wˆKa}umifhwpHkw&mayguf}um;r_a}umifh‚if;/ w&m;r odk@r[kwf r_cif; w&m;pGJ qdkjcif;/ zrf;qD;jcif;/ axmifcsjcif;/ xdcdkufESpfESmapjcif; wdk@tm; rvkyfEdkifay?

(2) pD&ifpk Oya'jyKtzGJ@ESifh ‚if;.tzGJ@0ifrsm;. tjcm;tcGifhta&;ESifh uif; vGwf cGifh wdk@tm;trsdK;om; Oya' jyKjyXmef;&rnf?

(3) pD&if;pkOya'jyKtzGJ@ w&yf. tzGJ@0ifrsm;odk@ ay;Edkifaomvpmrsm;/ cGifhjyKp&dwfrsm;ESifht tusdK;cHpm;cGifhrsm; onfpD&ifpk tcGefawmf &HyHkaiG. wdkuf±dkufwm0efjzpfonf?

pD&ifpk Oya'jyK tzGJ@rsm;wGif trsm;jynfolvuf vSrf;rDSapjcif; Esifhyg0ifEdkifapjcif; 118? (1) pD&ifpk Oya'jyKtzGJ@w&yfonf (u) pD&ifpk Oya'jyK tzGJ@ESifh ,if;aumfrwD0ifrsm; Oya'jyKjcif;ESifh tjcm;vkyfief;aqmif wmrsm;aqmif ±Gufr_wGif trsm;jynfolrsm;yg0ifEdkifr_ tm;tusKd;aqmifay;&rnf?

xkd@jyif ( c) ‚if;wdk@vkyfief;rsm; tm; yGifhvif;aom vkyf[efjzifhvkyfaqmif&rnf jzpfjyD; ‚if;ESifh

‚if;. aumfrwDrsm;. tpnf;ta0;rsm;tm;trsm;jynfol a±S@arSmufjyKvkyf&rnf? odk@aomftusdK;ta}umif;qDavsmfr_±Sdaom/

(1) owif;Xge.vufvSrf;rSD jcif;tygt0iftjcm;jynfolrsm;rS Oya'jyKtzGJ@ESifh ‚if;.aumfrwDrsm; odk@vufvSrf;rSD Edkifjcif;tm; pnf;urf;owf rSwfay; jcif;? xkd@jyif

(2) rnfoludkrqdk ±SmazGjcif; ESifhavsmfuefygu rnfoludkrqdk 0ifcGifhay;&efjiifqef

Page 58: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

58 jcif; odk@r[kwf z,fxkwfjcif;twGufjyXmef;ay;jcif;? vkyfaqmifr_rsm;tm;

vkyf aqmifEkdifonf? (2) pD&ifpk Oya'jyKtzGJ@w&yfonf rdrd.aumfrwDw&yf. tpnf;ta0;tm;yGifhvif; jcif;ESifh 'Drdkua&pD usaomtvGmwGifaqmif±Guf&ef roifh awmfa}umif;tusdK;a}umif;qDavsmf ESifh rSefuefa}umif;xif±Sm; aomudpP&yf rSwyg;owif;Xmetygt0if trsmjynfolrsm; tm;z,fxm;jcif; rjyKEdkif?

Oya'}urf;wifoGif;jcif; 119? pD&ifpk wck. pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_ aumifpDtzGJ@0ifrsm; odk@r[kwf aumfrwDw&yf odk@r[kwf pD&ifpk

Oya'jyKtzGJ@ w&yf. tzGJ@0ifomv#if Oya'jyKtzGJ@wGif Oya'}urf; wifoGif;Edkifonf? odk@aomfaiGOya' r_}urf;w&yftm; pD&ifpk wGifb¾ma&;&mrsm; wGifwm0ef±Sdol pDrHtkyfcskKyfr_aumifpD. tzGJ@0ifwOD;wnf;omv#if Oya'jyKtzGJ@wGif wifoGif;Edkifonf?

aiGOya'r_}urf;rsm; 120? (1) aiGcGJa0owfrSwf ay;jcif; odk@r[kwf tcGefpnf;}uyfaiG odk@r[kwf taumufqdkif&m Oya'}urf;rsm;jzpfonf? aiGOya'=urf;rsm;jzpfonf aiGOya'}urf;w&yfwGif aiG cGJa0owf rSwfay;jcif;ESifhywfoufr_±Sd aomvufatmufcHta&; udpPrsm; odk@r[kwf

tcGefpnf; }uyf aiG odk@r[kwf taumufqdkif&m udpP&yfrSwyg; tjcm;udpPwpHkw&m ay:aqmif±Guf jcif; rjyKEdkifay?

(2) pD&ifpk Oya'jyKtzGJ@rS aiGOya'w&yftm; jyifqifEdkifjcif; vkyfxHk;vkyfenf;w&yftm; pD&ifpktufOya'w&yfrS jyXmef;ay;&rnf?

Oya'}urf;rsm; tm;oabmwljcif; 121? (1) pD&ifpk .0ef}uD;csKyfonf Ttcef;t& twnf jyKaom Oya'}urf;w&yf tm;oabm

wljyD vufrSwfa&; xdk;ay;jcif;jzifh‚if; / odk@r[kwf Oya'}urf;. zGJ@pnf;ykHtajccH Oa'usr_ tay:c|if;csuf xm;±Sdygu jyefvnfaqG;aEG;r_twGuf Oya'jyK tzGJ@odk@jyef vnfay;ydk@jcif; jzifh‚if; -aqmif±GufEdkifonf?

(2) jyefvnfaqG;aEG;r_rS Oya'}urf;w&yf onf0ef }uD;csKyfc|if;csuf xm;±Sdr_ wdk@tm;tjynfh t0vufcHaomf 0ef}uD;csKyfrS oabmwlr_ay;jyF; vufrSwfa&;xdk; ay;&rnf? xdkodk@r

[kwf ygu0ef}uD;csKyfonf/ (u) oabmwljyD; vufrSwfa&;xdk;ay;jcif; odk@r[kwf ( c) ,if;. zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'us r_tm;qHk;jzwfay;&ef twGufzGJ@pnf;tkyf csKyfyHk tajccHOya'w&m;±Hk; odk@xyfqifhay;ydk@jcif;?

w&yf&yftm; vkyfaqmifay;&onf? (3) zGJ@pnf;yHk tajccHOya'w&m;±kH;rS Oya'}urf;onf zGJ@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'

usqif;r_±Sdonf [kqHk;jzwfygu 0ef}uD;csKyfonf oabmwlnDr_ ay;jyD;vufrSwfa&; a&;xdk;ay;&rnf?

Page 59: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

59

zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya' ±Hk;odk@ tzGJ@0ifrsm;av#mufxm;jcif; 122? (1) pD&ifpk Oya'jyKtzGJ@ w&yf.tzGJ@ 0ifrsm;onfpD&ifpk tufOya'w&yfvkH;vHk; odk@r[kwf wpdwfwydkif;onf zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccH Oya'usr_ r±Sda}umif;trdef@twGufzGJ@pnf; tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'w&m;±Hk; odk@av#mufxm;Edkifonf? (2) av#mufxm;r_ w&yfonf (u) Oya'jyKtzGJ@. tzJG@0ifrsm; tenf;qHk; 20 &mcdkifE_ef; axmufcHr_ jzpf&rnf? ( c) tufOya'tm;0ef }uD;csKyfobm wlr_ay;jyD; vufrSwfa&;xdk;aom ae@&ufrS 30

&uftwGif;vkyf aqmif&rnf? (3) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'w&m;±Hk;onf yk'frcGJ (1) t&av#mufxm; r_twGuf

(u) w&m;jcif;tusdK; tvdk@Xg ,if;tm;vdktyfaejcif; - wdk@t& tufOya' w&yfvHk;tm; ‚if; / wpdwfwydkif;tm;‚if; / av#mufxm;r_ tay:qHk;jzwfr_ rjyKao;onfh umvxdOya'oufa&mufjcif;r±Sdao;a}umif;trdef@ xkwfjyefEdkif onf?

(c) av#mufxm;jcif;onf atmifjrif&ef usdK;a=umif;qDav#maom tvm;tvm±Sd jcif;

(4) av#mufxm;jcif;w&yfonf ratmifjrifjzpfjyD; atmifjrif&eftusdK;a}umif; av#mf nDr_ wpHkw&mr±SdcJ@ yguzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccH Oya'w&m;±Hk;rS avsmufxm;ol rsm; tm;ukefusp&dwf ay;aqmif&eftrdef@csEdkifonf?

pD&ifpk tufOya'rsm;tm;yHk ESdyfjcif; 123? pD&ifpk wck. 0ef}uD;csKyfrS oabmwlr_ay;jyD; vufrSwfa&;xdk;aom Oya'}urf;w&yfonf

pD&ifpk. tufOya'w&yfjzpfvmonf ? csufjcif;yHkESdyf& rnf? yHkESdyfjyD;aemuf odk@r[kwf tufOya'. qHk;jzwfxm;aom ae@pGJ wGifpwifoufa&muf r_±Sdonf?

pD&ifpk tufOya'rsm; tm;vkHjcHK ae&mwGifxdef;odrf;xm; jcif; 124? vufrSwfa&;xdk;xm; aompD&ifpk tuf Oya'w&yfonf ,if;tufOya'ygjyXmef; csufrsm;

.oufaojycsuf taxmufxm;jzpfjyD; yHkESdyfaemuf ydkif;wGifvHkjcHKae&m wGifxdef;odrf; &eft wGuf zGJ@pnf;tkyf csKyfyHktajccH Oya'w&m;±Hk; wGif tyfESH&rnf?

pD&ifpk pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_ tzGJ@rsm; pD&ifpk rsm;.pdrHtkyfcsKyf r_ [email protected]%m 125? (1) pD&ifpk wck. pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_ tzJG@vkyfykdifcGifhtm%mtm; ,if;pD&ifpk. 0ef}uD;csKyfxHwGif tyfESif;onf?

(2) 0ef}uD;csKyf onfpDrHtkyfcsKyfr_tm%mtm; pDrH tkyfcsKyf r_aumifpD .tjcm; tzGJ@ 0ifrsm;ESifhwl/

(u) pD&ifpk twGuf;wGifpD&ifjyK Oya'tm; taumifxnfaz:vkyfaqmifonf? (c) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya' odk@r[kwf ygvDreftufOya'w&yfrS jcm;wpHk

w&mjy

Page 60: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

60 Xmef;rxm;ygu trsdKom; Oya'tm;vHk;wdk@tm; vkyfief;Z,m; 4 odk@r[kwf 5

wGifaz:jyyg±Sdaomvkyfief; a'orsm;wGif taumifxnfaz: vkyfaqmifonf? (*) pD&ifpk twGif; / vkyfief;Z,m; 4 ESifh 5wGifaz:jyyg ±Sdaomvkyfief; a'ojyifywGif

usa&mufaeaom trsKdK;om; Oya'/ ygvDreftuf Oya'w&yft& pD&ifpk tkyfcsKyfr_ tzGJ@odk@tyfESif;xm;aomtkyfcsKyfr_vkyfief; wdk@tm; aqmif±Gufonf?

(C) pD&ifpk qdkif&mr_ay:vpD rsm;tm;jyKpkysdK;axmifaay;onf? ( i) pD&ifpk tkyfcsKyfa&; tzJG@ESifh ‚if;.Xgrsm;. vkyfief;rsm;tm;qufpyf ay;onf? (p) pD&ifpk Oya'tm;}udKwifjyKpk jcif;ESifhpwifwif oGif;jcif;tm; aqmif±Gufay;onf? xkd@jyif (q) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya't& odk@r[kwf ygvDreftufOya' w&yft& pD&ifpk

pDrHtkyfcsKyf r_tzGJ@odk@ tyfESif;xm;aom rnfonfhvkyfief;ukdrqdkvkyfaqmif onf?

(3) pD&ifpkwckonf yk'frcGJ (2) (c) t&pD&ifpk. tkyfcsKyfr_ vkyfydkifcGifh tm%monf pD&ifpkwGif ±Sdaom xda&mufonfhwm0ef,lEdkifr_ pGrf;&nftwdkif;twmxd om±Sdonf ?

trsdK;om;tpkd;&onf Oya'jyK ay;jcif; odk@r[kwf tjcm;aqmif±Gufay;jcif; jzifhyk'frcGJ (2) wGufnGef;xm;aom vkyf ief;rsm;tm; pD&ifpkrsm;rStm%m rsm;ESifhvkyf ief;rsm;

vkyfaqmifEdkif&ef pD&ifpkrsm;. tkyfcsKyfa&;pGrf;&nf jrifhwifr_tm; vkyfaqmif& rnf? (4) vkyfief;w&yf ESifhywfoufaeaom pD&ifpkwck. tkyfcsKyfa&;pGrf;&nf qdkif&mt jiif;yGm;r_tm;,if;xHay;ydk@r_ &±Sdaom ae@&ufrS 30 &uftwGif; ajz±Sif;ay;r_tm;

aqmuf±Gufay;&rnf? (5) yk'fr 100 t& pD&ifpk wcktwGif; pD&ifpk Oya'jyK r_taumufxnfaz:aqmuf±Guf jcif;onf pD&ifpk. oD;oef@pDrHuGwfuJ r_tm%mjzpfonf? (6) pD&ifpk tkyfcsKyfr_tzJG@onf? (u) zGJ@pnf;yHk tajccHOya't&‚if;/ ( c) ,if; pD&ifpk twGufzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'w&yftwnfjyK jyXmef;jyD;yg u,if;zGJ@pnf;ykH tajccHOya't&‚if;/ jyKr_aqmif±Guf&rnf?

vkyfief;rsm; owfrSwfwm0efay;jcif; 126 ? pD&ifpk wck.pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_tzGJ@. tzGJ@0ifwOD;onf ygvDreftufOya'w&yft&‚if; /odk@

r[kwf pD&ifpktufOya'w&yft&‚if; / usifhoHk;&ef odk@r[kwf vkyfaqmif&efjzpfaom tm %mw&yf&yf vkyfief;w&yf&yftm; jrLeDpyg,faumifpDzGJ@odk@ owfrSwf wm0efay; Edkif onf? owfrSwfwm0efay;r_w&yfonf/ (u) pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_ tzGJ@. oufqdkif r_±Sdaeaom tzGJ@0ifESifh jrLeDpy,faumufpDpyf}um;

oabmwl nDxm;r_w&yft&jzpfonf? ( c) oufqdkifr_ ±Sdaeaom tm%m odk@r[kwf vkyfief;tm;usifhoHk;r_ odk@r[kwf aqm

aqmif±Gufr_onf jyXmef;xm;aom tufOya'. owfrSwfcsufrsm; ESifhudkufnD r_ jzpf&rnf? xkd@jyif

( *) 0ef}uD;csKyf/. xkwfjyefa}ujimjcif;jzifh pwifoufa&mufr_jzpfonf?

Page 61: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

61

0ef}uD;csKyfrsm;. tm%mESifh vkyfief;rsm; 127 ? (1) pD&ifpkwck. 0ef}uD;csKyfonfzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya't&ESifhrnfonfh Oya' t&qdk ,if;&mxL;twGufay;xm;aom tm%mESifhvkyfief;rsm;‚if;wGif±Sdonf?

pD&ifpkwck. 0ef}uD;csKyfonf (u) Oya'}urf;rsm; tm;oabmwlay;jcif; ESifh vufrSwfa&;xdk;ay;jcif;

(c) pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@rS Oya'r_}urf;w&yfrS zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya' udkuf nDr_tm; jyefvnfaqG;aEG;&eftwGuf jyefvnfay;ydkjcif;/

(*) zGJ@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'w&m;±Hk;rS Oya'r_}urf;w&yf. zGJ@pnf;ykH tajccHOya' udkufnDr_tm;qHk;jzwfay;&efay;ydk@jcif;/

(C) txl;udpPvkyfaqmif&ef twGufOaya' jyktzGJ@tm; txl;tajctaetpnf; ta0;qifhac:jcif;/ ( i) pHkprf;a&;aumfr±Sifrsm;cef@tyfwm0efay;jcif; / ESifh ( p) trsdK;om; Oya't& pD&ifpktwGuf;qEN cH,lyGJ ac:,lusifhyay;jcif; / wkd@tm;wm0efcH aqmuf±Gufonf?

0ef}uD;csKyfrsm;tm;a±G;aumufwifajrmufjcif; 128 ? (1) pD&ifpkOya'jyK tzGJ@w&yfonf ,if;.a±G;aumufyGJjyD;aemuf yxrt}udrft pnf; ta0;wGif‚if;/ odk@r[kwf vpfvyfaeaomae&mtm;jznfh&ef vkdtyfvmcsdefwGif‚if; / rdrd. tzGJ@0ifrsm;twGif;rS trsdK;orD;wOD; odk@r[kwf trsdK;om;wOD;tm;pD&ifpk. 0ef}uD; csKyfvkyf&ef a±G;aumuf&rnf?

(2) zGJ@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'w&m;±Hk;. obmywdrSwm0efay;tyfaomw&m;ol }uD; wOD;onf0ef}uD;csKyf a±G;aumufyGJtm;obmywdjyK&rnf? vkyfief;Z,,m; 3 tydki;f (u) wGifcsrSwfxm;aom vkyfxHk;vkyfenf;onf 0ef}uD;csKyfrsm;a±G;aumuf yGJwGift}uHK;0ifonf? ( 3) vpfvyfaeaom 0ef}uD;csKyf&mxl;ae&mtm;jznfh&eftwGuf aqmuf±Gufaoma±G; aumufyGJtm;zGJ@pnf;yHk tajccHOya'w&m;±Hk;. obmywdqHk;jzwfay;aom tcsdef ESifhaepGJwGifvkyfaqmif&rnf? odk@aomfvpfvyfjcif;jzpfay:aom ae@&ufrS&uf aygif; (30) xufaemufrusap& ?

0ef}uD;csKyfrsm;&mxl;vufcHwm0ef,ljcif; 129 ? 0ef}uD;csKyftjzpf a±G;aumufcH7olonf 5 &ufwGif;wGif vkyfief;Z,m; 2t& 0ef}uF;csKyf onf EdkifiHtay: opPm±Sdjcif; ESifhzGJ@pnf;yHk tajccHOya'tm; vkdufemjcif;tm; jcif;tm; opPmusdefqdkjcif; odk@r[kwf tcdkiftrmjyKajymqdkjcif;jzifh 0ef}uD;csKyf&mxl;tm; vufcH& rnf?

0ef}uD;csKyfrsm;. &mxl;oufwef;ESifh &mxl;rSy,f±Sm;jcif;

Page 62: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

62130 ? (1) 0ef}uD;csKyfwOD;. &mxl;oufwef;onf 0ef}uD;csKyf&mxl;tm; vufcHwm0ef,lcsdef wGifpwifjyD; vpfvyfr_jzpfay:aomumv odk@r[kwf aemufa±G;aumufwif ajrmuf cH&olwOD;rS 0ef}uD;csKyf&mxl;tm; vufcHwm0ef,lcsdefwGif ukefqHk;onf?/

(2) rnfolkrqdk 0ef}uD;csKyf&mxl;tm; ESpf}udrfxuf ydkIrxrf;aqmif&? odk@aomfvpfvyf r_jzpfaom 0ef}uD;csKyf&mxl;ae&mwGif jznfhpGuf&ef a±G;aumufwifajrmufcH&olwOD; . a±G;aumufwifajrmufjcif; cH&aomtcsdefrS aemuforRw wOD;a±G;aumuf wifajrmufaom tcsdeftxdumvtm; oufwef;wck tjzpfowfrSwfjcif;r±Sday? (3) pD&ifpkwck. Oya'jyKtzGJ@onf ,if;.tzGJ@0ifrsm; tenf;qHk;oHk;yHk ESpfyHkaxmufcHrJ jzifh/ (u) zGJ@pnf;ykH tajccHOya' okd@r[kwf Oya'tm; tvGeft}uL;azgufzsuf r_}uL;vGefjcif;/ (c) }uD;rm;aomtusifh oduQmysufjym;jcif;/ odk@r[kwf (*) 0ef}uD;csKyfvkyfief;rsm;tm; aqmuf±Guf&ef rpGrf;aqmifEdkifjcif; / - wkd@wGif0ef }uD;csKyftm;&mxl;rS z,f±Sm;Edkifonf?

(4) yk'frcJG (3)(u)okd@r[kwf(c)t& 0ef}uD;csKyf&mxl;rS z,f±Sm;jcif;cH&ol rnfolrqkd &m xl;. tusdK;cHpm;cGifh wpkHw&mtm; &ykdifcGifhr±Sdjzpf+yD; rnfonfhtrsm;jynfolvkyfief; &mief;&mxl;w&yf&yfwGifrS 0ifa&mufvkyfukdifcGifhr±Sdap&?

,m,D0ef}uD;csKyfrsm; 131? (1) 0ef}uD;csKyfrS r±SdaomumvwGif ‚if;tjcm;aomudpPa=umifh 0ef}uD;csKyfvkyfief;rsm;tm;

jznfhpGrf;&ef rpGrf;aqmifI‚if; 0ef}uD;csKyf&mxl;vSpfvSyfjcif;jzpfaomumvwckwGif‚if; atmufygwm0efcH wOD;OD;onf atmufaz:jyygOD;pm;ay;trSwfpOftvkduf 0ef}uD;csKyf tjzpf aqmif±Guf&rnf? (u) 0ef}uD;csKyfrSwm0efay;tyfaom pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_ aumifpDtzJG@0ifwOD; (c) pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_aumifpDtjcm;tzJG@0ifrsm;rSm wm0efay;tyfaom pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_tzJG@

0ifwOD; (*) Oya'ðytzJG@rS rdrdtzJG@0iftwGif;rS wOD;OD;tm;wm0efray;rSDumvtxdajyma&;

qkdcGifh±Sdol? (2) ,m,D0ef}uD;csKyfonf 0ef}uD;csKyf.wm0ef0wW&m;rsm; tm%mrsm;ESifh vkyfief;rsm;

wnf±Sdonf? (3) ,m,D0ef}uD;csKyfonf 0ef}uD;csKyf. wm0ef0wW&m;rsm; tm%mrsm;ESifh vkyfief;rsm;

tm; vufcHwm0ef,ljcif;rðyrSDwGif vkyfief;Z,m;(2)t&EkdifiHawmftay: opPm±Sdjcif; ESifh zJG@pnf;ykHtajccHOya'tm; vkdufemjcif;tm; usef;opPmusdefqkdjcif; okd@r[kwftckdif trmðyjcif;aqmif±Guf&rnf?

pDrHuGwfuJr_aumifpDtzJG@rsm; 132? (u) pD&ifpkpDrHuGwfuJr_ aumifpDtzJG@wckwGif 0ef}uD;csKyfonf aumifpD. acgif;aqmiftjzpf

ESifh 0ef}uD;csKyfrS pD&ifpkOya'ðytzJG@rsm;twGif;rS cef@tyfaom ig;OD;xufrenf;aom ESpf q,fOD;xufrrsm;aom tzJG@0ifrsm; yg0ifonf?

(c) pD&ifpkwck. 0ef}uD;csKyfonf pDrHuGwfuJr_ aumifpDtzJG@0ifrsm;tm; cef@tyfonf tm %mESifhvkyfief;rsm;tm; owfrSwfwm0efay;onf? ðzwfEkdifonf?

wm0efcHjcif;ESifhwm0efrsm; 133? (1) pD&ifpkwck. pDrHuGwfuJr_ aumifpDtzJG@0ifrsm;onf 0ef}uD;csKyfrS‚if;wkd@tm; owfrSwf

wm0efay;aom vkyfief;rsm;tm; pDrHtkyfcsKyfjcif;tm; wm0ef±Sdonf?

Page 63: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

63 (2) pD&ifpkwck. pDrHuGwfuJr_aumifpDrsm;onf pkaygif;Ijzifh ‚if;yk*~dKvfwOD;jcif;t&‚if; rdrd

wkd@tm%mrsm;tm; usifhokH;r_ESifh vkyfief;rsm;aqmif±Gufr_rsm;onf Oya'ðytzJG@tm; wm0efcHonf?

(3) pD&ifpkwck. pDrHuGwfuJr_aumifpDtzJG@0ifrsm;onf? (u) zJG@pnf;ykHtajccHOya't& ‚if;pD&ifpktwGuf pD&ifpkzJG@pnf;ykHtajccHOya'w&yftm;

twnfðy+yD;ygu ,if;zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya't&vnf;aumif; vkyfaqmif&rnf? xkd@jyif

(c) ‚if;wkd@. xdef;csKyfr_atmuf±Sdta=umif;t&mrsm;ESifh pyfvsOf;aom tpD&ifcHr_rsm; tm; tjynf@t0ESifh ykHrSefay;&rnf?

a±G;aumufyJG+yD;aemufpDrHuGwfuJr_ aumifpDrsm;qufvufwnf±Sdjcif; 134? pD&ifpkOya'ðytzJG@a±G;aumufyJGw&yfusif;yaomumvwGif pDrHuGwfuJr_aumifpDESifh ‚if;.

tzGJ@0ifrsm;onf aemufOya'ðytzJG@rS 0ef}uD;csKyftjzpfa±G;aumufwifajrmufolrS 0ef}uD; csKyf&mxl;tm; cH,lonftxdqufvufpGrf;aqmifr_±Sdonf?

135? pD&ifpkwck. pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_aumifpDtzJG@0ifrsm;onf rdrdwkd@vkyfief;rsm;pwifxrf;aqmifjcif;

rðyrSDumvwGifvkyfief;Z,m; 2t& orRwEkdifiHawmftay: opPm±Sdjcif;ESifh zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'tm; vkdufemjcif;ukd usef;opPmusdefqkdjcif; okd@r[kwf tckdiftrmajymqkd t wnfðyjcif;ðy&rnf?

pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_aumifpD tzJG@0ifrsm;. ðyr_aexkdifr_ 136? (1) pD&ifpkwck. pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_aumifpDtzJG@0ifrsm;onf trsdK;om;Oya'ðycsrSwfxm;aom

pm&dwWpnf;rsOf;pkrsm;t& ðyr_&rnf? (2) pD&ifpkwck. pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_aumifpDtzJG@0ifrsm;onf?

(u) tca=u;aiG&±Sdaom rnfonfhtjcm;vkyfief;wGifrS rvkyfukdif&? (c) &mxl;wm0efESifh ukdufnDr_r±Sdrnfonfh vkyfykHvkyfenf;rsdK; okd@r[kwf rdrdwkd@. w

&m;0if0wW&m;ESifh yk*~vdu tusdK;aus;Zl;pyf=um; yVdyuQjzpfapEkdifaom tajc taersdK;Y rdrdukd,fukd ±Sdaejcif;tm;rvkyfaqmif&?

(*) ,if;wkd@. &mxl;&mcHtm; tokH;ðyjcif;okd@r[kwf ,if;wkd@tm; tyfESHxm;aom owif;ta=umif;t&mrsm;tm; tokH;csjcif;jzifh rdrdukd,fukd=uG,f0csrf;omap jcif; okd@r[kwftjcm;rnfolukdrqkd ravsmfruHtusdK;jzpfxGef;apjcif;tm; rvkyf aqmif&?

vkyfief;rsm;v$Jtyfjcif; 137? 0ef}uD;csKyfonf xkwfjyefa=unmjcif;jzifh pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_aumifpDtzJG@0ifwOD;okd@

(u) tjcm;tzJG@0ifwOD;tm; ,kH=unftyfESHxm;aom rnfonfhOya'w&yf&yftm;rqkd pDrH uGwfuJapjcif; okd@r[kwf

(c) Oya'ðytyfESHay;xm;aom rnfonfhtm%m okd@r[kwfvkyfief;w&yf&yftm;rqkd t jcm;tzJG@0ifwOD;okd@ - v$Jajymif;ay;jcif;tyfjcif;tm;aqmif±GufEkdifonf?

vkyfief;rsm;,m,DowfrSwfwm0efay;jcif; 138? pD&ifpkwck. 0ef}uD;csKyfonf pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_aumifpD. tzJG@0ifwOD;OD;onf r±Sdaejcif;a=umifh

‚if; tm%mw&yftm;usifhokH;&efrwwfEkdifI‚if; vkyfief;wcktm;raqmifusOf;EkdifI‚if;

Page 64: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

64jzpfay:ygu rnfonfhtm%mokd@r[kwf vkyfief;ukdrqkd tjcm;tzJG@0ifwOD;tm; owfrSwf wm0efay;Ekdifonf?

139? (1) jrLeDpyg,ftkyfcsKyfa&;tzJG@wzJG@onf jyXgef;Oya'w&yft& rdrdvkyfaqmif&efwm0ef±Sd aompDrHtkyfcsKyfr_tm; raqmif±GufEkdifygu okd@r[kwf rjznfhpGrf;ygu oufqkdif&m pD&ifpk pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_tzJG@onf ,if;vkyfaqmif&efwm0ef±Sdaer_tm; jznfhpGrf;Ekdif&ef twGuf (u)jrLeDpyg,faumifpDokd@‚if;. jznfhpGrf;&efwm0eftay: ysufuGufaer_twkdif;t

wmtm; ±Sif;vif;az:jy+yD; ,if;vkyfaqmif&efwm0eftm; jznfh&eftwGuf vkd tyfaomtqifhrsm;tm;az:jyumnGef=um;r_xkwfjyefjcif;ESifh

(c) ,if;jrLeDpyg,fa'owGif vkyfaqmif&efwm0ef±Sdaeaom udpPtm; vkdtyfaomt wkdif;twmtxdwm0ef,lay;jcif;

(1) r±SdrjzpftrsdK;om;tqifhtwef;tm; qufvufxdef;odrf;xm;&ef okd@r[kwf vkyfief;w&yftm; aqmif±Guf&mwGif tedrfhqkH;tqifhtm; &±Sdapjcif;

(2) ,if;jrLeDpyg,fa'oonf tjcm;jrLeDpyg,fa'owck. okd@r[kwf pD&ifpkwck vkH;.tusdK;pD;yGg;tm; xdyg;apaom vkyfaqmifr_tm; [ef@wm;&ef okd@r[kwf

(3) pD;ygG;a&; nDnGwfr_tm;xdef;odrf;&ef (2) pD&ifpk pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_ tzJG@wckonf jrLeDpyg,fa'owcktwGif;wGif yk'frcGJ (1) (c) t&

0ifa&mufpGufzufr_ðyaomf (u) a'oEW&tpkd;&a&;&m qdkif&mtpkd;&tzJG@0ifrS 0ifa&mufpGufzufr_tm; cGifhrðyygu

0if a&mufpGufzufr_tm; 0ifa&mufpGufzufr_pwifaom ae@rS (14)&uftwGif; &yfqkdif;&rnf/

(c) 0ifa&mufpGufzufr_qkdif&m a=unmcsuftm; 0ifa&mufpGufzufr_ ðy+yD;aemuf usif; yaompD&ifpkOya' ðytzJG@ yxrt}udrf tpnf;ta0; usif;yonfh (14)&uftwGif; ESifh pD&ifpkrsm;trsdK;om; aumifpD. 0ifa&mufpGufzufr_aemuf ykdif; rxrt}udrf tpnf;ta0;usif;yonfh (14)&uftwGif; toD;oD;ðypkxkwf jyef&rnf?

(*) aumifpDrS 0ifa&mufpGufzufr_tm; 0ifa&mufpGufzufr_+yD;aemuf usif;yaom y xr t}udrf tpnf;ta0;rS &uf(30)twGif;wGifoabmwlnDr_ ray;ygu 0ifa&muf pGufzufr_ukd &yfqkdif;&rnf? xkd@jyif

(C) aumifpDonf 0ifa&mufpGufzufr_tay:okH;oyfr_tm; ykHrSef aqmif±Guf&rnf jzpf+yD; pD&ifpk tkyfcskyfr_tzJG@okd@ avsmfuefaom tqkdðyr_rsm; aqmif±Guf&rnf?

(3) Tyk'frwGif owfrSwfay;xm;aom vkyfaqmifr_tm; trsdk;om;Oya'jzifh xdef;ay; Ekdif onf?

pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_tzJG@qkH;jzwfcsufrsm; 140? (1) pD&ifpkwck. 0ef}uD;csKyf.qkH;jzwfcsufw&yfonf?

(u) Oya'tjzpfowfrSwf,ljcif; okd@r[kwf Oya'a&;&maemufqufwJGrsm;±Sdaejcif; - jzpfygupmjzifha&;om; &rnf?

(2) a&;om;xm;aom 0ef}uD;csKyf. qkH;jzwfcsufw&yfonf tjcm;pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_aumifpD tzJG@0if wOD;OD;tm;owfrSwfwm0efay;xm; vkyfief;ESifh ywfoufaeygu ,if;aumif pD tzJG@0ifrS xyfqifhvufrSwfa&;xkd;ay;&rnf?

(3) trdef@jyefwrf;pnf;rsOf;ESifh tjcm;Oya'vufatmufcHqkdif&mvkyfenf;vkyfxkH;onf trsm;jynf olvufvSrf;rSDr_±Sdap&rnf?

Page 65: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

65 (4) yk'frcJG (3)wGif az:jyxm;aom vkyfenf;vkyfxkH;rsm;. enf;[efESifh twkdif;twmwkd@

tm; pD&ifpkOya'ðyjcif;rS (u) pD&ifpkOya'ðytzJG@wGif ðypka&;qJGjcif;ESifh (c) pD&ifpkOya'ðytzJG@rS vufcHtwnfðyay;jcif; - jzifh txl;ðyay;Ekdifonf?

t,kHt=unfr±Sdtqkdwifjcif; 141? (1) pD&ifpkOya'ðytzJG@w&yfonf ‚if;.tzJG@0ifrsm;trsm;pkaxmufcHrJjzifh 0ef}uD;csKyfryg

0ifaomusef pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_tzJG@tm; t,kHt=unfr±Sdtqkdw&yftm; twnfðyygu 0ef}uD; csLkyfonf aumifpDtm; jyefvnfzJG@pnf;ay;&rnf?

(2) pD&ifpkOya'ðytzJG@w&yfonf ‚if;. tzJG@0ifrsm; trsm;pkaxmufcHrJjzifh 0ef}uD;csKyf tay: t,kHt=unfr±Sd tqkdw&yftm; twnfðyygu 0ef}uD;csKyfESifhwuG tjcm;pD rHtkyf csKyfr_ tzJG@0ifrsm;onf &mxl;rSxGufay;&rnf/

pD&ifpkzJG@pnfykHtajccHOya'rsm; pD&ifpkzJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'rsm;twnfðyjcif; 142? pD&ifpkOya'ðytzJG@w&yfonf ,if;pD&ifpk. zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'w&yf okd@r[kwf

oufqdkifaejcif;±Sdaom umvwGif‚if;. zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'tm; jyifqifjcif;ukd Oya'rl=urf;tm; tzJG@0ifrsm; tenf;qkH; okH;ykHESpfykHaxmufcHrJjzifhtwnf ðyEkdifonf?

pD&ifpk zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'rsm;. ta=umif;tcsufrsm; 143? (1) pD&ifpkzJG@pnf;ykHtajccHOya'wckonf okd@r[kwf zJG@pnf;ykHtajccHOya'jyif qifr_w

&yfonf TzJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya' ESifhnDnGwfr_r±Sdjcif; rjzpfap&? okd@aomf (u) Ttcef;wGif jyXgef;yg±Sdaom pD&ifpkOya'ðyokd@r[kwf pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_zJG@pnf;wnf

aqmufykHrsm;okd@r[kwf vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;rsm;rS uGmjcm;jcif; okd@r[kwf (c) oufqkdifaer_±Sdaom ae&mwGif tpOftvmt}uD;tuJtm; wnfaxmifr_t

cef;u¾/ tm%mESifh taqmifta,mifrsm; - tm;jyXgef; ay;Ekdifonf? (2) yk'frcJG (1)tykd'f (u) okd@r[kwf(c)wkd@t& pD&ifpkzJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'w&yf

okd@r[kwf zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'jyifqifr_w&yfwGif yg0ifaomjyXgef; csufrsm; onf? (u) yk'frcJG (1)ESifh tcef;(3)wGifyg±Sdaom wefzkd;rsm;ESifh vkdufavsmr_±Sd&rnf? ESifh (c) (1) vkyfief;Z,m; (4)ESifh (5)rsm;t& pD&ifpk.pGrf;tm; jyifya'owGif okd@r[kwf

(2) zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'tjcm; yk'frrsm;t& pD&ifpk okd@ay;tyfxm;aom tm %mESifh vkyfief;rsm;jyifywGif - usa&mufaeaomrnfonfhtm%m okd@r [kwf vkyfief;w&yf&yftm;pD&ifpK okd@ay;tyfjcif;tm;rðyvkyf&?

pD&ifpk zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya'rsm;tm;w&m;0ifjzpfapjcif;

Page 66: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

66144? (1) pD&ifpkOya'ðytzJG@w&yfonf zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'w&yftm; twnfðyjcif; zJG@pnf;ykH

tajccHOya'w&yftm;jyifqifjcif;ðyygu ,if;Oya'ðytzJG@ajym a&;qkd cGifh±Sdolonf zJG@pnf;ykHtajccHOya'pmom; okd@r[kwf zJG@pnf;ykHtajccH Oya'qifaom pmom;tm; w&m;0ifjzpfapr_twGuf zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya' w&m;±kH;okd@ wifoGif;&rnf?

(2) zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'w&m;±kH;rS (u) pmom;w&yfonf yk'fr (142)t&twnfðyjcif;ESifh (c) pmom;w&yfvkH;onf yk'fr (143)ESifhvkdufavsmr_±Sdjcif; - ukdw&m;0ifjzpfap

jcif;tm; raqmif±Gufay;rjci;f rnfonfhpD&ifpk zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya' pmom; okd@r[kwf zJG@pnf;ykHtajccHOya' jyifqifpmom;w&yf&yfurS Oya'jzpfjcif; r±Sday?

pD&ifpkzJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'rsm;tm; vufrSwfa&;xkd;jcif; ykHESdyfjcif;ESifh vkHðcH pGmxdef;odrf;jcif; 145? (1) pD&ifpk wck. 0ef}uD;csKyfonf zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'w&m;±kH;rS w&m;0ifr_ðy aom

zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'pmom;w&yf okd@r[kwf zJG@pnf;ykHtajccH Oya'jyifqifr_ pmom;w&yftm; oabmwlay;r_ðy+yD; vufrSwfa&;xkd;ay; &rnf?

(2) 0ef}uD;csKyf. oabmwlvufrSwfa&;xkd;ay;aompmom;tm; trsdK;om;tpkd;& jyef wef; wGif ykHESdyf&rnfjzpf+yD; ykHESdyfaomumv okd@r[kwf zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya' okd@r[kwf jyifqifr_wGif az:jyxm;aom aeh.aemufwae@wGif oufa&mufr_±Sd ap&rnf/

(3) vufrSwfa&;xkd;xm;aom pD&fipkwck. zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'pmom; okd@r[kwf zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'jyifqifaom pmom;onf ,if;. jyXgef; csufrsm;. T ckdiftrmðyoufaotaxmuftxm; jzpf+yD;ykHESdyfr_ðy+yD;aemufwGif vkHðcHpGm xdef;odrf; xm;a&;twGuf zJG@pnf;ykHtajccHOya' w&m;±kH;okd@ ,kH=unfpGm tyfESHxm; &rnf?

uGJvGJr_±SdaomOya'rsm; trsdK;om;ESifh pD&ifpkOya' pyf=um;uGJvGJr_rsm; 146? (1) Tyk'fronf vkyfief;Z,m;(4)wGif az:jyxm;aom vkyfief;a'owckukd trsdK;om;

Oya' ESifh pD&ifpkOya'pyf=um;wGif uGJvGJr_w&yfESifh oufqkdifonf? (2) atmufaz:jyygtajctaew&yf&yf ±SdaeyguEkdifiHw0Srf;vkH;wGif wajy;wnf;nDaxG

ouf a&mufr_ ±Sdaom trsdK;om;Oya'onf pD&ifpkOya'tm; v$r;frdk;xm;onf? (u) oufqdkif&mpD&ifpkrsm;rS oD;jcm;Iwckjcif;t& Oya'ðyjcif;jzifh xda&mufpGmr

aqmif ±GufEkdifaom ta=umif;t&mw&yftay: trsdK;om;Oya'rS aqmif±Guf ay;jcif;?

(c) ta=umif;t&mw&yftay: xda&mufpGmaqmif±Gufay;Ekdifr_twGuf wEkdifiHvkH; t wGif; tajy;wnf;nDnGwfr_±Sd+yD; trsdK;om;Oya'onf (1) pHxm;ESifhowfrSwfxm;r_rsm;

Page 67: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

67(2) abmifrsm; okd@r[kwf (3) trsdK;om;rlvrf;pOfrsm; - tm;wnfaqmufay;jcif;jzifh wajy;wnf;

nDnGwf±Sd r_tm; ay;aomOya'rS aqmif±Gufay;jcif;? (*) trsdL;om;Oya'onf

(1) trsdK;om;vkHðcHa&;tm; xdef;xm;&ef (2) pD;ygG;a&;csdefcGifv#mukdxdef;nSday;&ef (3) ukefypPnf;rsm; vSnfhvS,fEkdifr_/ vkyftm;/ &if;ESD;rwnfaiGvkyfief;ESifh

±Sifoefaom bkHaps;tm; umuG,f&ef (4) pD&ifpke,ferdwfrsm;tm; jzwfausmfaom pDyGg;a&;vkyfaqmifr_rsm;tm; ay;

&ef (5) tpdk;&0efxrf;tvkyftm; wlnDaomtcGif;ta&; okd@r[kwf wlnDaomvuf

vSrf;rSDEkdifjcif;ESifh tm;ay;tm;ajrmuf&ef (6) obm0ywf0ef;usifmt;umuG,f&ef - twGufvkdtyfonf?

(3) trsdK;om;Oya'w&yfonf pD&ifpkwck. tusdK;oifhta=umif;oifh r[kwfaom vkyf aqmifr_w&yftay: (u) tjcm;pD&ifpkwck okd@r[kwf wEkdifiHvkH;. pDyGg;a&; usef;rma&; okd@r[kwf vkHðcHa&;

tusdK;pD;ygG;tm; xdckdufESpfemapjcif; okd@r[kwf (c) trsdk;om;pD;yGg;a&;rlvrf;pOftm; ydwfyifjcif; - tm;wm;jrpf&ef&nf±G,faomf t

rsdK; om;Oya'onf pD&ifpkOya'tm; v$rf;rkd;onf? (4) yk'frcJG (2) (8)wGif &nf±G,fcsufxm;±Sdaom ta=umif;udpPtay: trsdK;om;Oya'ðy&ef

vkdtyfr_±Sdr±Sd tjiif;tyGg;r_w&yf jzpfvm+yD; ,if;tjiif;tyGg;jzpfr_onf jyomemtajz w&yftwGuf w&m;±kH;a±S@arSmuf okd@a&muf±Sdvmygu w&m;±kH;onf pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK; om;aumifpD. oabmwlnDr_ okd@r[kwf y,fcsr_tm; txl;av;pm;r_ay;&rnf?

(5) yk'frcJG (2) okd@r[kwf (3)wGif tusKH;0ifr_r±Sdygu pD&ifpkOya'onf trsdK;om;Oya'tm; v$rf;rkd;onf?

(6) ygvDreftufOya' okd@r[kwf pD&ifpktufOya'w&yft& ðyvkyfaom Oya'onf ,if;O ya'tm; pD&if;pkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpD. oabmwlnD vufcHðyrSom v$rf;rkd;r_jzpfEkdif onf?

(7) pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpDonf ‚if;xHqufvufay;ykd@aom Oya'w&yftm; tpnf; ta0;rxrt}udrfwkdifaomae@rS &ufaygif;(30)twGif;tqkH;tjzwfw&yf okd@ra&muf ±Sd ygu ,if;Oya'tm; tm;vkH;aom&nf±G,fcsuftwGuf aumifpDrS twnfðy+yD;[krSwf ,l&rnf?

(8) pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpDonf yk'frcJG (6)t& ‚if;xHqufvufay;ykd@aom Oya'w &yftm;twnfrðyygu twnfrðy&jcif;ta=umif;rsm;ukd Oya'tm;qufvufay;ykd@ol tm%mykdifokd@ qkH;jzwfcsufcs aomae@&ufrS &ufaygif; (30)t wGif;wGifta=umif;=um; ay;&rnf?

tjcm;uJGv$Jr_rsm; 147? (1) trsdK;om;Oya'EsifhpD&ifpk zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya'w&yf. jyXgef;csufw&yfonf

uJGvGJr_±Sd+yD; (u) uGJvGJr_onfTzJG@pfn;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'rS Oya'ðy&eftxl;vkdtyfjcif;

okd@r[kwftm±kHðyxm; jcif;ta&; udpPjzpfaeygu trsdK;om; Oya'onfywf

Page 68: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

68oufaeaom pD&ifpk zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya' jyXgef;csuftm;v$rf;rkd; onf?

(c) yk'fr 44(2) t& trsdK;om;Oya'ðy0ifa&mufpGufzufr_jzpfaomf trsdK;om;Oya' onf pD&ifpk zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya' jyXgef;csuftm; v$rf;rkd;onf?

(*) vkyfief;Z,m;(4)wGif az:jyyg±Sdaom vkyfief;a'owGifusa&mufaom ta&; udpPjzpfaeygu yk'fr 146 wGif&nfnGef;yg±Sdonf? twkdif; yk'fr 146onf ywfoufae aompD&ifpk zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'jyXgef;csufukd pD&ifpk. Oya'uJhokd@ oufa&mufjcif;±Sdonf?

(2) vkyfief;Z,m; (5)wGifaz:jyxm;aom vkyfief;a'orsm;ESifh oufqkdifaom ta&; udpP rsm;wGif yk'fr 44 (2)wGifnGef;xm;aom trsdK;om;Oya'onf pD&ifpkOya'tay: v$rf;rkd;onf?

ajz±Sif;Ir&aomuJGvGJr_rsm; 148? uJGvGJr_w&yftay:tjiif;yGg;r_w&yfmt; w&m;±kH;wckrS rajz±Sif;Ekdifaomf trsdK;om;Oya'

onf pD&ifpkOya' odk@r[kwf pD&ifpkzJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'tay: v$rf;rkd;onf? ratmifjrifaom Oya'w&yf.taetxm; 149? w&m;±kH;wck. Oya'w&yfonf tjcm;Oya'w&yftay: v$rf;rkd;a=umif; qkH;jzwfcsufw

&yfcsjcif;onf tjcm;Oya'tm; w&m;r0ifjzpfapjcif;r[kwfay? okd@aomf ,if;tjcm; Oya'onf uGJvGJr_±Sd aeoIumvwGif tm%mwnf r_r±Sdjcif;jzpfonf?

uGJvGJr_rsm;. t"dy`g,fzGifhqkdr_ 150? trsdK;om;Oya'ESifh pD&ifpkOya'pyf=um; odk@r[kwf trsdK;om;Oya'ESifh pD&ifpk zJG@pnf;

tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya'pyf =um;odomaom uGJvGJr_w&yftm;pOf;pm; ukd,fwG,f&mwGif w&m;±kH; wkdif;onf ,if;Oya' okd@r[kwf zJG@pnf; tkyfcsKyfykHtajcc HOya'tm; t"dy`g,f zGifhqkdcsufukd uJGvGJr_jzpfapaom tjcm;rnfonfh t"dy`g,fzGif&mwGif uJGvJGr_w&yf tm; a±Smif±Sm;+yD;aom tusdK;ta=umif; avsmfuefaomt"dy`g,fzGifhqkdcsufukdOD;pm;ay;a±G;cs,f &rnf/

Page 69: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

69

tcef;(7) a'oEW&tpkd;&

a'oEW&tkyfcsKyfa&; tzJG@rsm;.tqifhtwef; 151? (1) a'oEW&tpkd;&wGifjrLeDpyg,fa'orsm;yg0if+yD; ,if;wkd@tm;orRwEkdifiH. e,f e rdwf

w0Srf;vkH;wGi fwnf axmif&rnf? (2) jrLeDpyg,fa'owck. tkyfcsKyfa&;ESifh Oya'ðytm%mwkd@tm; ‚if;.jrLeD pyg,f

aumifpDwGiftyfESifhxm; onf? (3) jrLeDpyg,ftkyfcsKyfa&;tzJG@wzJG@onf rdrd. ukd,fykdifqkH;jzwfpGrf;tm;jzifh,if;. vl@t

okdif; t0dkif;qkdif&ma'otkyfcsKyfr_a&;&mrsm;tm; trsdK;om;ESifh pD&ifpkOya'tm; ukd,fpm; ðy+yD; zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOy a'jyXgef;ygtwkdif; tkyfcsKyf&eftcGifht a&;±Sdonf?

(4) trsdK;om; okd@r[kwf pD&ifpkwck. tpkd;&onf jrLeDpyg,ftkyfcsKyfa&;tzJG@wzJG@. pGrf;&nf okd@r[kwftm %mrsm;tm;usifhokH;jcif; odk@r[kwf vkyfief;rsm;tm; aqmif ±Gufjcif;wGif tay;t,lkðynSdE_dif; ,ljcif;ukd‚if; ydwfyifumqD;jcif;ukd‚if; rvkyfEkdifay?

a'oEW&tpkd;&. &nfrSef;csufrsm;

Page 70: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

70152? (1) a'oEW&tpkd;&. &nfrSef;csufrsm;rSm

(u) a'oEW&vl@tzJG@tpnf;rsm;twGuf 'Drkdua&pDESifh wm0efcHaom tpkd;&tm; pDpOfay; &ef?

(c) vl@tzJG@tpnf;rsm;okd@ avsmfuHaomtoGifjzifh vkyfa=uG;r_pDrHay;r_tm; tmrcH &ef?

(*) vlr_@a&;ESifh pD;ygG;a&; zGH@ðzd;r_twGuf ðypkrsdK;axmifay;&ef (C) vkHðcH+yD;oef@±Sif;vwfqwfaom ywf0ef;usiftm; ðypkysdK;axmifay;&ef/ESifh (i) a'otpkd;&. ta&;udpPrsm;wGif vl@tokdif;t0kdif;rsm;ESifh tokdif;t0kdif;. tzJG@

tpnf; wkd@rS yg0ifr_ ukdtm;ay; - &efjzpfonf? jrLeDpyg,frsm;. zGhHjzdK;a&;qkdif&mwm0ef0wW&m;rsm; 153? jrLeDpyg,ftkyfcsKyfa&;tzJG@w&yfonf?

(u) ‚if;.tkyfcsKyfr_tm;ykHaz:aqmifjcif;ESifh uGwfuJjcif;ESifh b¾maiGcJGa0jcif; ukdvkyf aqmifr_tqifhrsm;tm; vlxktzJG@tpnf;. tajccHvkdtyfr_rsm;wGif OD;pm;ay;+yD; vlxktzJG@tpnf;. vlr_a&;ESifh pD;yGg;a&;zHG@ðzd;r_ tm;jrifhwifay;jcif;ukd aqmif±Gufay; onf?

(c) trsdK;om;ESifh pD&ifpkzHG@ðzd;a&; tpDtpOfrsm;wGifyg0ifvkyfaqmifonf?

pkaygif;vkyfaqmiftpkd;&twGif;jrLeDpyg,fa'orsm; 154? (1) trsdK;om;ESifh pD&ifpktpkd;&rsm;onf Oya'jzifh‚if;tjcm;vkyfaqmifr_rsm;jzifh jrLeDpyg,f

rsm; ‚if;wkd@. a&;&mrsm;tm; uGwfuJjcif; ‚if;wkd@tm%mrsm;tm; usifhokH;jcif;ESifh ‚if; wkd@vkyfief;rsm;tm;aqmif±Guf jcif; pGrf;&nftm; axmufuljcif;ESifh tm;jznfhay;jcif; tm;ðyvkyf&rnf?

(2) a'otpkd;&. tqifhtwef; zJG@pnf;wnfaqmufr_ tm%mokd@r[kwf vkyfief;rsm; tm; xdyg;aomtrsdK; om; okd@r[kwf pD&ifpkOya'=urf;tm; ygvDref okd@r[kwf pD&ifpkwck . Oya'ðytzJG@ okd@rwifoGif;rSDwGif trsm; jynfol. a0zefa&;twGuf ykHESdyftm;pnf; ±kH;zJG@pnf; xm;aoma'otpkd;& jrLeDpyg,frsm;ESifh tjcm;pdwf0if;pm;olrsm;rS Oya'r l =urf;ESifh pyfvsOf;aom ukd,fpm;ðyjcif;tcGifhta&; toGifjzifhðyvkyf &rnf?

jrLeDpyg,ftkyfcsKyfa&;tzJG@rsm;wnfaxmifjcif; 155? (1) atmufygjrLeDpyg,ftkyfcsKyfa&;trsdK;tpm;rsm;±Sdonf?

(u) trsdK;tpm; (u) ? ‚if;.a'otwGif;wGif oD;jcm;jrLeDpyg,ftkyfcsKyfa&;ESifh Oya'ðy jcif;tm%m±Sdaom jrLeDpyg,ftkyfcsKyfa&;jzpfonf?

(c) trsdK;tpm;(c)? ‚if;. a'otwGif;jrLeDpyg,ftkyfcsKyfa&;ESifh Oya'ðyjcif;tm%m tm;‚if;rSa'owcktjzpfyg0ifaeaom trsdK;tpm; (*) jrLeDpyg,fa'oESifh r#a0 aqmif±Gufaom jrLeDpyg,fjzpfonf?

(*) trsdK;tpm;(8)? jrLeDpyg,fa'owckxufrsm;aom a'otm; jrLeDpyg,f tkyfcsKyf a&;ESifh Oya'ðy tm %m usifhokH;aom jrLeDpyg,fjzpfonf?

(2) trsdK;tpm;wckpDtwGif; wnfaxmifay;Ekdifaom jrLeDpyg,ftrsdk;tpm;rsm;tm; trsdK; om; Oya'rS t"dy`g,fzGifhay;&rnf?

(3) trsdK;om; Oya'onf?

Page 71: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

71(u) a'owckonf trsdL;tpm; “u”jzifhwckwnf;aom jrLeDpyg,fjzpfEkdifjcif;

okd@r[kwf trsdK;tpm; “c”ESifh trsdK;tpm; “*”t& jrLeDpyg,frsm; jzpfjcif;tm; qkH;jzwfay; aom pHnGef;rsm;ukd wnf axmifay;axmifay;&rnf?

(c) vGwfvyfaomtm%m ykdifwzJG@rS jrLeDpyg,fe,ferdwfrsm;owfrSwfay;&eftwGuf pHnGef; rsm; ESifh vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;rsm;tm; owfrSwfay;&rnf? xdk@jyif

(*) a'owckonf trsdK;tpm; “c”ESifh trsdK;tpm; “*”ESpfrsdK;vkH;. jrLeDp yg,ftky fcsKyf a&;rsm; ±Sdaomf tm%mESifhvkyfief;rsm;ukd jrLeDpyg,ftkyf csKyfa&;tzJG@ twGif;avsmf uefaom cJGa0ay;r_twGuf yk'fr 229t& jyXgef;ay;&rnf?

(4) yk'frcJG (3)wGifnGef;xm;aom Oya'wGif jrLeDpyg,fvkyftm;rsm;tm; r#wr_ESifh wnf+rJr_ rsm;jzifh ay;aqmif &ef vkdvm;r_tm;wnfhwGufay;&rnfjzpfonf?

(5) pD&ifpktwGif;wGifwnfaxmifrnfh jrLeDpyg,ftrsdK;tpm;rsm;tm; pD&ifpk Oya'rStqkH; jzwfay;&rnf?

(6) pD&ifpkwckpD. tpkd;&onf rdrdpD&ifpktwGif;wGif jrLeDpyg,ftkyfcsKyfa&;tzJG@rsm;tm; yk'frcJG(2)ESifh (3) t&ðyvkyfaom Oya'ESifh tnDwnfaxmif&rnf jzpf+yD; Oya'ðyjcif;jzifh ‚if; okd@r[kwftjcm;aqmif±Gufr_ rsm;jzifh‚if; (u) pD&ifpktwGif;a'o tpkd;&tm; pDppfjcif;ESifhaxmufuljcif; ukd jyXgef;ay;&rnf? xkd@

jyif (c) jrLeDpyg,fe,fajrrsm;rS ,if;wkd@. vkyfief;rsm;ESifh,if;wkd@. oufqkdif&m a&;&mrsm;

tm;xda&mufpGm aqmifEkdif&efa'otpkd;&. pGrf;um;zHGðzd;r_tm; ajrawmi fajrmuf ay;&rnf?

(7) trsdk;om;tpkd;&onf yk'fr (44) ay:rlwnfI ‚if;pD&ifpk tpkd;&rsm;onf ‚if;jrL eDp yg,frsm;rS vkyfief; Z,m; (4)ESifh (5)wGifaz:jyxm;aom‚if;wkd@. vkyfief; rsm;tm; xda&mufpGm vkyfEkdifap&ef yk'fr (156 (1) wGiftnGef;ðyxm;onfrsm;tm; jrLeD pyg,f rsm;rS ‚if;wkd@. pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_tm%m usifhokH;r_pnf; rsOf;rsm;owfrSwfay;&eftwGuf Oya'ðyjcif;ESifh pDrHuGwfuJjcif;tm %m ±Sdonf?

jrLeDpyg,frsm;.tm%mrsm;ESifhvkyfief;rsm; 156? (1) jrLeDpyg,fwckonf?

(u) vkyfief;Z,m; (4)tykdif; (c)ESifhvkyfief;Z,m;(5) tykdif;(c)wGif az:jyxm;aom a'otpkd;&ta&; udpP rsm;ESifh

(c) ‚if;tm;trsdK;om; okd@r[kwf pD&ifpk Oya'rS vkyfaqmif&efwm0efv$Jtyfaom tjcm;rnfonfhta&; udpPudkrqkd; -vkyfaqmif&ef tm%mESifhtkyfcsKyf cGifh±Sdonf?

(2) jrLeDpyg,fonf rdrdrSpDrHcef@cJG&ef tcGifhta&;±Sdaom ta&;udpPrsm; xda&mufpGm pDrH cef@cJGEkdi fa&;t wGuf a'oEW&Oya'ðyvkyfjcif;ESifh pDrHcef@cJGjcif;ðyEkdifonf?

(3) yk'fr 151 (4) vufatmufcHt& trsdK;om;okd@r[kwf pD&ifpkOya'ESifh uJGjym;r _jzpf aoma'oEW&Oya'rsm; onf w&m;r0ifjzpfonf? a'oEW&Oya'w&yfonf yk'fr (149) wGifnGef; xm;aom uJGjym;r_w&yfa=umifh tm%mwnfqJrjzpfaom trsdK; om; okd@r[kwf pD&ifpk Oya'w&yfESifh uJGjym;r_ jzpfaeaomf ,if;Oy a'tm%mwnfqJ rjzpfoI umvygwfvkH;a'oEW&Oya' onf w&m;0ifonf[krSwf,l &rnf?

(4) trsdK;om;tpkd;&ESifh pD&ifpktpkd;&rsm;onf vkyfief;Z,m;(4)tykdif;(u) okd@r[kwf vkyfief;Z,m; (5)tykdif;(u)wGif az:jyxm;aom vkdtyfr_t& a'otpkd;&ESifh ywf oufaeaom ta&;udpP. pDrHcef@cJGjcif;onf

Page 72: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

72(u) ,if;ta&;udpPonf a'owGif txda&mufqkH;pDrHcef@cJGjcif;ðyEkdifjcif;ESifh (c) jrLeDpyg,frS pDrHcef@cJG&efpGrf;yum;±Sdjcif; wGifoabmwlnDr_ESifh c|if;csufrsm; xm;± Sd

+yD; jrLeDpyg,fwckokd@wm0efay;tyf&rnf? (5) jrLeDpyg,fwckonf ta&;udpPwckwGif rdrd. vkyfief;rsm; xda&mufpGmaqmif±GufEkdifa&;

twGuf tusdK;ta=umif;oifhvkdtyfaejcif; okd@r[kwftajctaet&vkdtyfvmr_t wGuf rnfonfhtm%mukdrqkdusifhokH;ykdifcGifh±Sdonf?

jrLeDpyg,faumifpDrsm; zJG@pnf;ykHESifha±G;aumufyJG 157? (1) jrLeDpyg,faumifpDw&yfwGif

(u) yk'frcJG (2) (3) (4)ESifh (5) wkd@t& a±G;aumufaom toif;0ifrsm; okd@r[kwf (c) trsdK;om;Oya'jzifh jyXgef;xm;ygu

(1) tjcm;aumifpDrsm;tm; ukd,fpm;ðy&eftwGuftjcm; jrLeDpyg,faumifpDrsm;rS cef@ tyfaomt oif;0ifrsm; okd@r[kwf

(2) tydk'f (u)t& a±G;aumufaomtoif;0ifrsm;ESifh Ttykd'f. tykd'fcJG (1)t& cef@tyfaom toif;0if;rsm; ESpfrsdK;pvkH; - yg0ifonf?

(2) yk'frcJG (1) (u)wGif wGufqar#mfvifhxm;onftwGif; usif;yaom jrLeDpyg,faumifpD w&yf. a±G; aumufyJGtm; trsdK;om;Oya't& usif;y&rnfjzpf+yD; ,if;Oya'onf (u) jrLeDpyg,f.omref rJqEN±Sifrsm;p&if;. u¾mcJGxm;ay;r_tm; tajccHaom

tcsdK; pm;vkdufukd,f pm;ðyjcif;ESifh ygwDwygwD. ukd,fpm;vS,ftrnfpm&if;wGif az:jyxm;aom ukd,fpm;vS,favmif;rsm; OD;pm;ay;tqifhtvkduf a±G;aumufr_ tm; jyXgef; ay;jcif; okd@r[kwf

(c) tykd'f (u)wGif az:jyxm;aom tcsdK;tpm;vkduf ukd,fpm;ðyjcif;tm; jrLeDpyg,f . omrefrJqEN±Sifrsm;p&if;. u¾cJGxm;ay;r_tm; tajccHaom&yf uGufukd,f pm;ðy r_pepfw&yfESifhaygif; pyfay;jcif;pepfwcktm;jyXgef;ay;&rnf?

(3) yk'frcJG (2)t& ðyvkyfaoma±G;aumufyJGpepfw&yfonf ygwDwckjcif;rS a±G;aumufjcif; cH&aom pkpkaygif;tzJG@0ifta&twGufonf,if;ygwDrsm;&±Sdaom pkpkaygif;rJta&t wGuftay: tcsdK;ðy jcif;ukd xif[yfapjcif;tm; tmrcHr_ay;&rnf?

(4) a±G;aumufyJGpepfonf &yfuGufukd,fpm;ðyr_tm;yg0ifxm;ygu &yfuGufrsm;.e,fe rdwf owfrSwfay;r_ukd trsdK;om;Oya'rS jyXgef;ay;aom vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;ESifh pHnGef;rsm; t& cef@tyfIvkdufemvkyfaqmifaom vGwfvyfaomtm%mykdifwzJG@rS ðyvkyf&rnf?

(5) yk*~dKvfwOD;onf jrLeDpyg,fwck. omrefrJqEN±Sifrsm;p&if;. u¾mwckwGif rSwfykHwif xm;rSomv#if jrLeDpyg,fwGifrJay;Ekdifonf?

(6) yk'ffcJG (1) (c)wGif tnGef;ðyxm;aom trsdK;om;Oya'onf cef@tyfr_rsm;tm; aqmif ±GufaomygwDrsm; ESifh jrLeDpyg,ftwGif; usdK;wltzJG@tpnf;rsm;. cef@tyfr_onf r#waom udk,fpm;ðyr_jzpfr_tm; pDpOf ay;aom pepfwcktm; wnfaxmifay;&rnf?

jrLeDpyg,faumifpDrsm;. tzJG@0ifjzpfjcif; 158? (1) jrLeDpyg,faumifpDwGif rJay;ykdifcGifh ±SdolrnfonfhEkdifiHom;rqkd ,if;aumifpD.

tzJG@0ifjzpf&ef t&nf t csif;rSDonf? c|if;csufrsm;rSm (u) jrLeDpyg,frS cef@tyfxm;ol okd@r[kwf jrLeDpyg,f. tr_xrf;aeoljzpf+yD;

,if;cef@tyfr_okd@r[kwf tr_xrf;aer_twGuf tca=u;aiGcHpm;ae&olESifh trsdK;om; Oya't& Tt&nftcsif;rjynfhpkHr_twGuf uif;v$wfxm; jcif; r±Sdolrnfolrqkd?

Page 73: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

73(c) EkdifiHwGif;rS tjcm;tpkd;&t0ef;t0kdi;fwGif cef@tyfxm;ol odk@r[kwf

tr_xrf;aeoljzpf+yD; ,if;cef@tyfr_ odk@r[kwf tr_xrf;aer_twGuf tc a=u;aiGcHpm;ae&olESifh trsdK;om;Oya't& jrLeDpyg,faumifpD tzJG@0if jzpfjcif;rS y,fcH& olrnf olrqkd?

(*) trsdK;om v$wfawmfwGif rJay;ykdifcGifhy,fjcif;cH&ol okd@r[kwf yk'fr 47 (1) (8), (C)okd@r[kwf (i)t& v$wfawmftzJG@0ifwOD; jzpfykdifcGifh y,fjcif;cH &olrnfolrqkd?

(C) trsdK;om;v$wfawmf. tzJG@0ifwOD;jzpfol pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpD. tzJG@0if wOD;jzpfol odk@r[kwf pD&ifpkOya'ðytzJG@wck. tzJG@0ifwOD;jzpfol? odk@aomfTowfrSwfr_onf trsdK;om; aumifpDwGif jrLeDpyg,f aumifpD. a'oEW&tpkd;&udk ukd,fpm;ðyoltzJG@0if wOD;tm; oufqkdifapjcif; r±Sday? okd@r[kwf?

(i) tjcm;jrLeDpyg,faumifpDw&yf. tzJG@0if wOD;jzpfol odk@aomf Towf rSwfr_onf trsdK;tpm;rwl aomtjcm;jrLeDpyg,fwckwGif jrLeDpyg,f aumifpDtm; ukd,fpm;ðyol tzJG@0ifwOD;tm; oufqkdif apjcif;r±Sd ay?

(2) yk'frcJG (1) (u) (c) (C) okd@r[kwf (i)t& jrLeDpyg,faumifpDtzJG@0if wOD;jzpf&ef t&nftcsif;rrSDolw OD;onf trsdK;om;Oya'rS jyXmef;aomowfrSwfcsufrsm; okd@r[kwf c|if;csufrsm;jzifh aumifpD. ukd,fpm;vS,favmif;jzpfEkdifonf?

jrLeDpyg,faumifpDrsm;.oufwef; 159? jrLeDpyg,faumifpDw&yf. oufwef;onf trsdK;om;Oya'ðyqkH;jzwfcsuft& av;ESpfxuf

rrsm;ap&? twGif;vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;rsm; 160? (1) jrLeDpyg,faumifpDw&yfonf

(u) jrLeDpyg,fa'oqkdif&m tm%mtm;vkH;tm; usifhokH;jcif;ESifh vkyfief;rsm;tm;vkH; vkyfaqmifjcif; qkdifqkH;jzwfcsufrsm;tm; ðyvkyfonf?

(c) ‚if;.OuUXtm;a±G;aumuf&rnf? (*) trsdK;om;Oya'jyXgef;csuft&tvkyftr_aqmifaumfrwDw&yfESifh tjcm; aumfr

wDrsm; a±G;aumuf Ekdifonf? xkd@jyif (C) ‚if;.vkyfief;rsm; xda&mufpGmaqmif±GufEkdifa&;twGuf vkdtyfaom 0efxrf;rsm;

tm; cef@tyf Ekdif onf? (2) atmufygvkyfief;rsm;onf jrLeDpyg,faumifpDrS vkyfykdifcGifh tyfESif;jcif;rðyvkyfEkdif?

(u) enf;Oya'rsm;twnfðyay;jcif; (c) ESpfpOf&okH;aiGtwnfðyjcif; (*) E_ef;rsm;ESifhtcGefrsm; pnf;=uyfr_rsm;ESifhtaumufrsm; pnf;=uyfjcif;ESifh (C) acs;aiGrsm;rwnfjcif;?

(3) (u) rnfonfhta&;udpPtay:rqkd rJcJGqkH;jzwfr_rðyrSDtcsdefwGif jrLeDpyg,faumifpD tzJG@0ift rsm;pk±Sdae&rnf?

(c) yk'frcJG (2)wGifaz:jyxm;aomta&;udpPrsm;ESifh oufqkdifaom jyomemrsm;tm; jrLeDp yg,f aumifpD tzJG@0ifrsm;. trsm;pk rJjzifhqkH;jzwfr_&,l&rnf?

Page 74: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

74(*) jrLeDpyg,faumifpDa±S@arSmuf tjcm;jyomemtm;vkH;wkd@tm;ay;rJ trsm;pkjzifh qkH;

jzwf onf? (4) (u)aumifpDtzJG@0iftm;vkH;tm; tusdK;ta=umif;qDavsmfaom today;r_ vkyfaqmif

cJhjcif; ESifh (c) tqkdðya'oEW& Oya'tm; trsm;jynfolrSwfcsufcsr_twGufykHESdyfcJhjcif;? - rSwyg;

rnfonfhOya'ukdrS jrLeDpyg,faumifpDrStwnfðyjcif;rvkyfEkdifay? (5) (u) jrLeDpyg,faumifpDw&yf. t±G,ftpm;

(c) jrLeDpyg,faumifpDrsm;rS tvkyftr_aqmifaumfrwDESifh tjcm;aumfrwDw&yf&yfa±G; aumuf&ef okd@r [kwf ra±G;aumuf&ef okd@r[kwf

(*) jrLeDpyg,f aumifpDtvkyftr_aqmifaumfrwDESifh tjcm;aumfrwDw&yf&yf t±G,f tpm; - tm; qkH;jzwf&eftwGuf trsdK;om;Oya'rS pHnGef;rsm;jyXgef;ay;Ekdifonf?

(6) jrLeDpyg,faumifpDw&yfonf? (u) ‚if;.twGif;tpDtpOfrsm; (c) ‚if;.vkyfaqmifr_rsm;ESifh vkyfaqmifjcif; tqifhrsm;ESifh (*) ‚if;. aumfrwDrsm;tm; zJG@pnf;wnfaxmifjcif; yg0ifr_ vkyfxkH;vkyfenf; tm%m

rsm;ESifh vkyfief;rsm;qkdif&m pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;ESifh trdef@rsm; jyXgef;aomenf;Oy a'rsm;tm; ðyvkyfEkdifonf?

(7) jrLeDpyg,faumifpDw&yfonf ‚if;.vkyfaqmifr_rsm;tm; yGifhvif;aomvkyfenf;vkyf [efjzifhaqmif±Guf& rnf? ‚if;. tpnf;ta0;okd@r[kwf ‚if;.aumfrwDrsm;. wHcg;ydwf tpnf;ta0;rsm;tm; aqmif±Gufaeaomvkyfief;oabmobm0tay:rlwnf I tusdK; ta=umif;qDavsmfr_±SdrSomv#if vkyfEkdifonf?

(*) jrLeDpyg,faumifpDw&yf. tzJG@0ifrsm;onfaumifpD. tpnf;ta0;aqmif±Gufcsuf okd@r[kwf ‚if;. aumfrwDrsm;tpnf;ta0;aqmif±Gufcsufrsm;wGif (u) aumifpDwGifykH&dyfxifaom ygwDtzJG@tpnf;rsm;ESifh tusdK;wlpD;ygG;tzJG@tpnf;rsm;

tm;w&m;aom ukd,fpm;r_tm; cGifðyjcif;/ (c) 'Drkdua&pDESifh nDnGwfjcif;ESifh / (*) trsdK;om; Oya'jzifh jyXgef;ay;Ekdifjcif; - enf;[efjzifhyg0ifaqmif±Gufaom tcGifh &

ykdifcGifh±S d onf? tcGifhta&; 161? pD&ifpkOya'rS trsdK;om;Oya'abmiftwGif;wGif jrLeDpyg,faumifpDrsm;ESifh ,if;[email protected]@

0ifrsm;twGuf tcGifhta&;rsm;ESifh uif;v$wfcGifhrsm;tm;jyXgef;ay;Ekdifonf? jrLeDpyg,fenf;Oya'rsm;tm; ykHESdyfjcif; 162? (1) jrLeDpyg,fenf;Oya'w&yftm; ywfoufaeaom pD&ifpk. w&m;0ifjyefwef;wGif

ykHESdyf+yD;rS omusifh okH;Ekdif onf? (2) jrLeDpyg,frS arwWm&yfcHv#if pD&ifpkwckw&m;0ifjyefwef;onf jrLeDpyg,f. enf;Oya'

tm; ykHESdyfay; & rnf? (3) jrLeDpyg,fenf;Oya'rsm;onf trsm;jynfolvufvSrf;rSDr_&±Sd&rnf?

Page 75: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

75

zJG@pnf;xm;aoma'otpkd;& 163? yk'fr (76)t& owfrSwftwnfðyxm;aomygvDref tufOya'w&yfonf?

(u) jrLeDpyg,frsm;tm; ukd,fpm;ðyaomtrsdK;om;ESifh pD&ifpktzJG@tpnf;rsm;tm; todt rSwfðyjcif;ukdjyXgef; ay;&rnf?

(c) a'oEW&tpkd;&rS (1) trsdK;om; okd@r[kwf pD&ifpkwck. tpdk;&xHESifh t}uHn%fawmif;cHjcif; (2) pD&ifpkrsm;trsdK;om;aumifpDwGif yg0ifvkyfaqmif&ef ukd,fpm;vS,frsm;tm;

owf rSwfwm0efay;jcif; ESifh (3) b¾ma&;ESifh jynfol@tcGefawmfaiGaumfr±Sif okd@vlyk*~dKvfrsm;tqkdwifoGif;jcif;

- vkyfEkdifr_vkyfxkH; vkyfenf;rsm;tm;qkH;jzwfay;&rnf?

tjcm;ta&;udpPrsm; 164?zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'wGif aqmif±Gufxm;jcif;r±Sdaom tjcm;rnfonfha'otpkd; &ESifh

oufqkdifaomta&;udpPukd rqkdtrsdK;om;Oya'jzifh‚if; trsdK;om;Oya'ðyjcif;. abmift wGif; pD&ifpkOya'jzifh‚if; jy Xgef;Ekdifonf?

tcef;(8)

w&m;±kH;rsm;ESifhw&m;pD&ifjcif; w&m;pD&ifr_tm%m 165? (1)orRwEkdifiH. w&m;pD&ifr_tm;%mtm; w&m;±kH;rsm;wGiftyfESif;xm;onf?

(2) w&m;±kH;rsm;onf vGwfvyf+yD;zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'ESifh Oya'.vufatmufcH om jzpf+yD;,if; wkd@tm; bufvkdufr_uif;+yD; a=umuf±G@Hjcif;rsufESmvkdfuf tomay;jcif; okd@r[kwft*wdvkdufjcif;r±Sd tokH;ðy&rnf?

(3) w&m;±kH;rsm;. vkyfief;aqmif±Gufr_tm; rnfonfhyk*~dKvf okd@r[kwf EkdifiHawmf. tkyfcsKyfa&; ,EW&m;urS pGufzufjcif;rðy Ekdifay?

(4) EkdifiH. ,EW,m;rsm;onf w&m;±kH;v$wfvyfjcif; bufrvkdufjcif; *k%foduQmvuf vSrf;rSDEkdifjcif;ESifh xda&mufr_±Sdjcif;rsm;twGuf Oya'ðyjcif;jzifh ‚if;tjcmf;aqmif±Guf jcif;rsm;jzifh ‚if;taxmuftulðyjcif; ESifh tumtuG,fay;jcif;tm; aqmif±Guf&rnf?

(5) w&m;±kH;wck. trdef@w&yf okd@r[kwf qkH;jzwfcsufw&yfonf oufqkdifoltm;vkH;ESifh EkdifiH,EWm,m;tm;vkH;tay:pnf; aESmifjcif;±Sdonf?

w&m;pD&ifa&;pepf

Page 76: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

76166? w&m;±kH;rsm;rSm

(u) zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'w&m;±kH; (c) t,lcH0ifw&m;v$wfawmfcsKyf (*) ygvDreftufOya'w&yft& txufwef;w&m;±kH;rsm;. t,lcHrsm;tm; =um;em ppf

aq;&ef zJG@pnf; aom txufwef;w&m;±kH;tygt0iftxufwef; w&m;±kH;rsm;? (C) w&m;ol}uD;rsm;w&m;±kH;rsm; (i) txufwef;w&m;±kH;rsm; okd@r[kwf w&m;ol}uD;rsm;w&m;±kH;rsm;tqifh±Sdaom w&m;±kH;

rsm;tygt0if ygvDreftufOya'w&yfrS zJG@pnf;ay;aom okd@r[kwf todtrSwfðy aom rnfonfhtjcm;w&m;±kH;rqkd - jzpfonf?

zJG@pnf;ykHtajccHOya'w&m;±kH; 167? (1) zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'w&m;±kH;tm; OuUXwOD; 'kwd,OuUXwOD;ESifh w&m; ol}uD;

(9)OD;jzifhzJG@pnf;? (2) zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'a±S@arSmufta&;udpPwcktm; w&m;ol}uD;tenf;qkH; (8)

OD;jzifh=um;emppf aq;&rnf? (3) zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'w&m;±kH;onf

(u) zJG@pnf;ykHtajccHOya'qkdif&mta&;udpPtm;vkH;wGif tjrifhqkH;w&m;±kH; jzpf onf? (c) zJG@pnf;ykHtajccHOya'qkdif&mta&;udpPrsm;ESifh zJG@pnf;ykHtajccH Oya't a&;udpP

rsm; ESifh qufEG,fr_±Sdaom ta=umif;udpPrsm;ukdom qkH;jzwf Ekdifonf? (*) ta&;udpPw&yfonf zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'ta&;udpP [kwfr[kwf ESif h

ta=umif;udpPw&yfonf zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'ta&;udpPESifh qufEG,f r_±Sdr±Sd tay:t+yD;owftqkH;tjzwfay;onf?

(4) zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'w&m;±kH;omv#if (u) trsdK;om;puf0ef; okd@r[kwf pD&ifpkpuf0ef;tqifhEkdifiH. ,EW,m;rsm;pyf=um;

jzpfay:aom zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'qkdif&m ,if;,EWm;rsm;. tm%m rsm; okd@r[kwf vkyfief;rsm;tjiif;tyGm;r_ukd tqkH;tjzwfay;Ekdiffonf?

(c) ygvDrefOya'=urf;w&yf okd@r[kwf pD&ifpkOya'=urf;w&yf. zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'usr_ukd qkH;jzwfEkdifonf? okd@aomf xkdokd@ðy&eftwGuf yk'fr(79) okd@r[kwf (121)wGif ar#mfukd;xm;aom tajctaersm;wGifomaqmif±GufEkdif onf?

(*) yk'fr (80)okd@r[kwf (122)wGif tm±kHðyxm;onfhav#mufv$mrsm;tm; tqkH; jzwfay;Ekdifonf?

(C) zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'tm; jyifqifr_w&yfonf zJG@pnf;ykHtajc cHOy a'us r_tm; tqkH;jzwfay;Ekdifonf?

(i) ygvDrefokd@r[kwf orRwrS zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'vkdufemvkyfaqmif&ef wm 0efw&yftay: ysufuGufr_tm; tqkH;jzwfay;Ekdifonf? okd@r[kwf

(p) yk'fr (144)t& pD&ifpkwck. zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'tm; twnfðyay; onf?

(5) zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHw&m;±kH;onf ygvDreftufOya'w&yf pD&ifpktufOya'w&yf okd@r[kwf orRwaqmif±Gufr_w&yf. zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya'usjcif;±Sdr±Sdtm; aemufqkH;Y qkH;jzwfcsufay;onf? t,lcHw&m;±kH;csKyf txufwef;w&m;±kH; okd@r[kwf tqifhwlw&m;±kH;. trdef@w&yfwGif w&m;0ifr_tm; ,if;trdef@usifhokH;r_ wpkHw&mr±SdcifwGif twnfðyay;&rnf?

Page 77: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

77(6) trsdK;om;Oya' okd@r[kwf zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'w&m;±kH;. pnf;rsOf;Oya' rsm;onf

w&m;r#wr_ta&;udpPjzpf+yD; zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'w&m;±kH;. cGifh ay;r_jzifh vlyk*~dKvfwOD;tm; - (u) ta&;udpPw&yftm; zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya' w&m;±kH;okd@ wkduf±kduf,l

aqmifvmjcif;tm; cGifhðy&rnf? okd@r[kwf (c) tjcm;rnfonfhw&m;±kH;rS rqkdzJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'w&m;±kH;okd@wkduf ±kduft

,lcHjcif;tm;cGifhðy&rnf? (7) zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'ta&;udpPw&yfwGif zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya;tm; t"dy`g,fzGifhqkdr_

umuG,fr_ okd@r[kwf usifhokH;apr_ta=umif;udpPrsm;ygonf?

t,lcHw&m;±kH;csKyf 168? (1) t,lcHw&m;±kH;csKyftm; w&m;ol}uD;csKyfwOD; vufaxmufw&m;ol}uD;csKyfwOD;ESifh

ygvDref tufOya'w&yfrS qkH;jzwfaomta&;twGuft& t,lcHw&m;ol}uD;rsm; jzifh zJG@pnf;onf?

(2) t,lcHw&m;±kH;csKyfa±S@arSmufta&;udpPwcktm; ygvDreftufOya'rS owfrSwfay; aom w&m;ol}uD;rsm;jzifh pD&ifqkH;jzwf&rnf?

(3) t,lcHw&m;±kH;csKyfonf rnfol@taa&;udpPESifh oufqkdifaomt,lcHr_rsm;tm;rqkd pD&ifqkH;jzwfEkdifonf? zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'ta&;udpPrSwyg; tjrifhqkH;tjrifh qkH;t ,lcHw&m; ±kH;jzpfonf? (u) t,lcHr_rsm; (c) t,lcHr_rsm;ESifhywfoufaomta=umif;t&mrsm;ESifh (*) ygvDreftufOya'w&yf. t"dy`g,fzGifhqkdaomtajctaersm;wGif ‚if;xHnGef;Ekdif

aom tjcm;rnfonfhta&;udpPrsm; qkd - ukdompD&ifqkH;jzwfEkdifonf?

txufwef;w&m;±kH;rsm; 169? txufwef;w&m;±kH;wckonf

u? (1) zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'w&m±kH;uomv#if pD&ifqkH;jzwfEkdifjcif; okd@r[kwf (2) ygvDreftufOya'w&yfjzifh txufwef;w&m;±kH;wckESifhtqifhwlnDaom t jcm;

w&m;±kH;wckokd@ owfrSwfwm0efay;jcif; - rSwyg;rnfonfh zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'ta&; udpPukdrqkd/ xkd@jyif

c? ygvDreftufOya'w&yfrS tjcm;w&m;±kH;wck okd@owfrSwfwm0efay;jcif;r±Sdaom t jcm;rnf onfhta&;udpPukdrqkd - pD&ifqkH;jzwfEkdifonf?

w&m;ol}uD;rsm;w&m;±kH;rsm;ESifh tjcm;w&m;±kH;rsm; 170? w&m;ol}uD;rsm; w&m;±kH;rsm;ESifh tjcm;w&m;±kH;rsm;onf; ygvDreftufOya'w&yf

rSowfrSwf ay;aom rnfonfhta&;udpPtm;rqkd pD&ifqkH;jzwfEkdifonf? okd@aomf txuf wef;w&m;±kH;t qifhxufedrfhaomrnf onfhw&m;±kH;rqkd Oya'w&yf. zJG@pnf;ykH

Page 78: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

78tajccHOya' ±Sdr_okd@r[kwf orRw.vkyfief;aqmif±Gufr_ tay: pkHprf;jcif; okd@r[kwfjyXgef; jci;ftm;raqmif±GufEkdifay?

w&m;±kH;.vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;rsm; 171? w&m;±kH;tm;vkh;onf trsdK;om;Oya't&vnfywf+yD; ‚if;wkd@. pnf;urf;Oya'rsm;ESifh

vkyfxkH; vkyfenf;rsm;tm; trsdK;om;Oya't& jyXgef;ay;&rnf? zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'ta&;udpPrsm;wGif w&m;±kH;rsm;.tm%mrsm; 172? (1) rdrd.tm%mabmiftwGif;wGif zJG@pnf;ykHtajccHOya'ta&;udpPw&yftm; pD&ifqkH;

jzwf&mwGif w&m±kH;wckonf? (u) zJG@pnf;ykHtajccHoya'ESifh rnDnGwfaomrnf Oya' okd@r[kwfpDrH aqmif±Guf

r_rqkd nDnGwfr_rjzpfaom twkdif;twmtxd w&m;r0ifa=umif; ukda=unm&rnf?

(c) (1) w&m;r0ifa=umif; a=unmr_.twdwfESifhtem*gwf tusdL;quftm; uef@owf aomtrdef@ESifh

(2) wm0ef±Sdoltm%mykdif;rsm;rS c|wf,Gif;csuftm;trSm;jyifqifjcif;tm; cGifhðy&ef twGufw&m;r0ifa=umif; a=unmr_tm; tcsdefumvrnf onfh umvtm;r qkdESifh rnfonfhc|if;csufrsm;tm;rqkd qkdif;iHhjcif; trdef@?

(2) (u) t,lcHw&m;±kH;csKyf txufwef;w&m;±kH; w±kH;okd@r[kwf tvm;wltqifh±Sd w&m;±kH; w±kH;onf ygvDreftufOya'w&yf/ pD&iftufOya'w&yf odk@r[kwf rnfonfhorRw vkyfief;aqmif±Gufr_ w&yf&yf. zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOy a'w&m; 0ifr_qkdif&m trdef@w&yftm; ðyvkyfEkdifonf? okd@aomf zJG@pnf; ykHtajccHOya' w&m;r0ifjcif; trdwf@w&yfonf zJG@pnf;ykH tajc cHOya'w&m;±kH;.twnfðyjcif; rSwyg;ouf a&mufjcif;r±Sday?

(c) zJG@pnf;ykHtajccHOya' w&m;r0ifjcif;trdwfw&yftm;ðyvkyfaom w&m;±kH; w±kH;onf ,m,Dwm;jrpfjcif; okd@r[kwf tjcm;,m,Doufom&m&jcif; tm; tzJG@wzJG@ okd@ ay;Edkifonf? okd@r[kwfzJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'w&m;,if; tufO ya' okd@r[kwf vkyfief;aqmif±Gufr_tay: qkH;jzwftm; apmifhqkdif; aomum vwGif tpnf;ta0;aqmif±Gufaer_rsm; ukda±$@qkdif; Ekdifonf?

(*) zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'w&m;±kH;okd@xyfqifh ykd@ay;jcif;tm; trsdK;om;Oy a'rSjy Xmef;ay;&rnf?

(C) vkHavmufaom pdwf0ifpm;r_±Sdaom rnfolrqkdokd@r[kwf rnfonf@EkdifiHawmf. ,EW,m;rqkd zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya'w&m;okd@ Tyk'frcJGt&w&m;±kH; wck. zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya'w&m;r0ifjcif; trdwfw&yftm;twnf ðyay;&ef okd@r[kwfajymif;vJ&efwkduf±kduft,lcH okd@r[kwf av#ufxm;Ekdif onf?

tpOftvmt&qif;oufaomtm%m

Page 79: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

79173? zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'±kH; t,lcHw&m;±kH;csKyfESifh txufwef;w&m;±kH;rsm;onf ‚if;wkd@.

vkyfaqmifcsuftay: umuG,fjcif;ESifh xdef;odrf;jcif;twGuf tpOftvm t&qif; ouf aomtm%m±SdjyD; w&m;r#wr_ ±Sdap&eftvkd@Xg"avhxHk;wrf;Oya'rsm;ukdvnf; az:xkwf ay;Ekdifonf?

w&m;a&;0efxrf;rsm;cef@tyfjcif; 174? (1) oifhavsmfrSefuefaom vufcHEkdifonfht&nftcsif;jynfh0ol rnfonfhrdef;rokd@r [kwf

a,musFm;ukdrqkd w&m;a&;0efxrf;wOD;tjzpf cef@tyfEkdifonf? zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOay' w&m;±kH;wGifcef@tyfrnf@ olrnfolrqkd awmiftmz&duEkdifiHom;wOD; vnf; jzpf&rnf?

(2) w&m;a&;0efxrf;rsm; cef@tyf&mwGif w&m;a&;vkyfief;wGif vlrsdK;pkESifh usm;r yg0ifr_tcsdK;tpm; a&mifjyef[yfr_ vkdtyfcsuftm;xnfh0ifpOf;pm;r_ðy&rnf?

(3) orRwonf trsdK;om;tkyfcsKyfa&; OD;aqmiftjzpf/ w&m;a&; 0efxrf;aumfr±SifESifh trsdK;om;v$wfawmfwGif udk,fpm;ðyaeaom ygwDrsm;ESifh acgif;aqmifrsm;. t}uHn%fwkd@tm; awmif;cH+yD;aemuf zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'w&m;±kH;. OuUXESifh 'kwd,OuUXwkd@tm; cef@tyfonfESifh w&m;a&;0efwrf;aumfr±Sif. t}uH n%ftm;awmif;cH+yD;aemufw&m;ol }uD;csKyfESifh vufaxmufw&m;ol}uD;csKyfwkd@ tm; cef@tyfonf?

(4) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'w&m;±kH;. tjcm;w&m;ol}uD;rsm;onf orRwrStrsdK; om;tkyfcsKyfa&; OD;aqmiftjzpf/ zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'w&m;±kH;OuUXESifh trsdK;om;v$wf awmfwGif udk,fpm;ðyaeaom ygwDrsm;. acgif;aqmifrsm;ukd t}uH n%fwkd@tm;awmif;cH+yD; aemuf atmufygvkyfxkH;vkyfenf;t&cef@tyfjcif;cH&onf?

(u) w&m;a&;vkyfief; aumfr±Sifonf cef@tyf&ef±Sdaom&mxl;ae&m ta&twGuf xufokH;OD;ykdaom tqkdðytrnfpm&if; w&yftm;ðypk+yD; ,if;p&if; tm;orRw xHwGif wifoGif;&rnf?

(c) orRwonf cef@tyfr_rsm;tm; ,if;pm&if;xJrSa±G;cs,f vkyfEdkif+yD; tqkdðy xm;aom t rnfpm&if;wGif rnfol wOD;wa,mufudkrqdk vufrcHEkdifygu cef@ tyf&ef ae&m usef±Sdao;ygu tusdK;a=umif;ESifhwuG w&m;a&; vkyfief;aumf r±Siftm; t}uHðy & rnf?

(*) w&m;a&;vkyfief;aumfr±Sifonf trnfpm&if;wGif aemufxyftrnfrsm; t qkdðyjznfh ay;&rnfjzpfjyD; orRwrSusef±Sdaeaom cef@tyfr_rsm;tm; xyfjznfhay; aomtrnfpm &if;xJrSvkyfaqmif&rnf?

(5) rnfonfhumvwGifrqkd zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'rsm;wGiftenf;qkH;av;OD;onf

zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya'±kH;okd@cef@tyfjcif;cH&csdefwGif vuf±Sdw&m;ol}uD;rsm; jzpf aeolrsm;jzpf& rnf?

(6) orRwonf w&m;a&;vkyfief;aumifpD0if. t}uHðyr_jzifh tjcm;w&m;±kH;tm;vkH;wkd@. w &m;ol}uD;rsm;tm; cef@tyf&rnf?

(7) tjcm;w&m;a&;0efxrf;rsm;ESifh w&m;a&;0efxrf;rsm;tm; cef@tyfjcif;/ &mxl;wkd; ay;jcif;/ ajymif;a±$@jcif; okd@r[kwf ta&;,ltjypfay;jcif; tqifhrsm; aqmif±Guf&mwGif rsufESmomay;jcif;okd@r[kwf t*wdvkduf pm;r_tm;tmrcHcsufay;aomygvDref tufOya'w&yft& cef@tyf&rnf?

Page 80: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

80(8) w&m;a&;0efxrf;rsm;onf ‚if;[email protected];rsm;tm; pwifrvkyfaqmifrSDwGif vkyfief;

Z,m; (2)t& zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'tm; xdef;odrf;jcif;ESifh tumtuG,fay; jcif;tm; usef;opPmusdefqkdjcif; odk@r[kwftckdiftrmðyajymqkdjcif; w&yftm;ðy vkyf&rnf?

,m,Dw&m;ol}uD;rsm; 175? (1) ae&mvpfvyfr_±SdaomtcgwGif‚if;/ odk@r[kwf w&m;ol}uD;wOD;rS ysufuGufv#if aomf

‚if; orRwonf trsdK;orD;wOD;okd@r[kwf trsdK;om;wOD;tm; zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'w&m; ±kH;. ,m,Dw&m;ol}uD;tjzpf cef@tyfEkdifonf? w&m;pD&ifa&; pDrHuGyfuJr_wGif wm0ef±Sdaom 0ef}uD;tzJG@0ifonf zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya' w&m;±kH; OuUXESifhw&m;ol}uD;csKyf wkd@ESifh nSdE_dif;+yD; tqkdðycsuft& cef@tyf&rnf?

(2) w&m;pD&ifa&;pDrHuGwfuJr_wGif wm0ef±Sdaom0ef}uD;tzJG@0ifonf ,m,Dw&m;ol}uD; wOD;rS wm0efxrf;aqmifrnfhw&m;±kH;. 0g&ifhw&m;ol}uD;ESifh nSdE_dif;+yD;aemuf tjcm;ckH±kH;rsm;. ,m,Dw&m;ol}uD;rsm;tm; cef@tyf&rnf?

&mxl;oufwef;ESifhvpm 176? (1) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya' w&m;ol}uD;wOD;tm; xyfrHtopfðyI r&aom(12)

ESpfouf wrf;twGufcef@tyfonf? okd@aomf touf (70)wGif tem;,l&rnf? (2) tjcm;w&m;ol}uD;rsm;onf ygvDreftufOya'w&yft&vuf±Sdwm0ef,ljcif;rS xGuf

cGifhðy onftxd&mxl;wGifwnf±Sdonf? (3) w&m;ol}uD;rsm;. vpmrsm;/ cGifhðya=u;rsm;ESifh tusdK;cHpm;cGifhrsm;tm;av#mhcsjcif;

ðyIr&? xkwfy,fjcif; 177? (1) w&m;ol}uD;wOD;tm;?

(u) w&m;a&;0efxrf;aumfr±SifrS w&m;ol}uD;onf pGrf;yum;r±Sdr_w&yftm; od±Sd ae&jcif;/ tvGeftu|Ht&nftcsif;rjynfhpkHjcif; okd@r[kwftvGeftu|Htusihf oduQmysufjym;jcif;tjypf rsm;udkawG@±Sdjcif;ESifh?

(c) trsdK;om;v$wfawmfrS ,if;w&m;ol}uD;tm; xkwfy,f&efrdrdwdk@. tzJG@0ifrsm; tenf;qkH;okH;ykHESpfykHaxmufcHrJjzifh twnfðyaom qkH;jzwfcsufjzifhawmif;cH jcif;? -rsm; wGifom wm0efrS xkwfy,fEkdif onf?

(2) ,if;w&m;ol}uD;tm; xkwfy,f&ef awmif;qkdaomqkH;jzwfcsufukd twnfðyaomf orRwrS ,if;w&m;ol }uD;tm; xkwfy,f&rnf?

(3) orRwonf yk'frcJG (1)t& ykHrSefvkyfxkH;vkyfenf; vkyfjcif;cHae&aom w&m;ol}uD; wOD;tm; w&m;a&;vkyf ief;aumfr±Siftqkdðyr_t& w&m;ol}uD;wOD;tm; acwW&mxl; cs&rnf?

Page 81: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

81

w&m;a&;vkyfief;aumfr±Sif 178? (1) (u) aumfr±Sif.tpnf;ta0;wGif obmywdtjzpf aqmif±Gufaomw&m;ol}uD;csKyf?

(c) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya' w&m;±kH;OuUX/ (*) w&m;ol}uD;rsm;onf OuUXrS wm0efay;tyfaom w&m;ol}uD; OuUX wOD;/ (C) w&m;a&;&m pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_wGif wm0ef±Sdaom 0ef}uD;tzJG@0if okd@r[kwf ,if;0ef

}uD;tzJG@ 0ifrS wm0efay;tyfaom ukd,fpm;vS,fwOD;/ (i) A[kdw&m;a&;csKyfa±S@aetjzpfvuf±SdtoufarG;0rf;wckvkH;tm; ukd,fpm;ðy&eft

wGuft qkdðy twifoGif;cH&+yD;orRwrS cef@tyfolESpfOD;? (p) a±S@aetoufarG;0rf;ausmif; ðyoltwGif;rS ,if;toufarG;0rf;ausmif; wck

vkH;tm;ukd,fpm;ðy&eftwGuf vuf±Sda±S@aevkyfief;jzifh toufarG;0rf; ausmif; olxJrS tqkdðytrnf wifoGif;+yD; orRwrS cef@tyfolESpfOD;/

(q) awmiftmz&duwuUokdvfrsm;rS Oya'q&mrsm;wm0efay;tyfaom Oya'q&m wOD;/

(Z) trsdK;om;vGwfawmfwGif ukd,fpm;ðyaeaom twkduftcHygwDrsm;rS ukd,fpm; vnf tenf;qkH;okH;OD; yg0ifaomtrsdK;om;v$wfawmfrS wm0efay;tyfaom v$wfawmf tzJG@0ifajcmufOD;?

(ps) pD&ifpktrsdK;om; aumifpD. pD&ifpktenf;qkH; ajcmufck. axmufcHrJ&±Sdaom pD&ifpkrsm; trsdk;om;aumifpDrS wm0efay;tyfaom pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumif pDrS wm0efay;tyf aom pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpDY t+rJwef;ukd,fpm; vS,fav;OD;/

(n) trsdK;om;vGwfawmfwGif yg0ifaomygwDrsm;. acgif;aqmifrsm;ESifh aqG;aEG; wkdifyif+yD; aemuf pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_. OD;pD;tjzpforRwrS wm0efay;tyfaomol av;OD;ESifh

(É) pD&ifpkwck okd@r[kwf a'otxufwef; w&m;±kH;cJGwckESifhtwl qufoG,faeaom ta&;udpPrsm;tm; pOf;pm;aqG;aEG;&mwGif ,if;±kH;cJG±kH;w&m;ol}uD; OuUXESifh ywfouf aeaompD&ifpk. 0ef}uD;csKyf okd@r[kwf 0ef}uD;rSwm0efay;olwOD;/ - rsm;jzifh zJG@pnf;xm; aomw&m;a&; vkyfief;aumfr±Sif w&yf±Sd onf?

(2) yk'frcJG (1) (i)okd@r[kwf (p)t& A[kdw&m;a&;±kH;csKyfa±S@aersm;twGif;rS tqkdðy

trnfwifoGif; jcif;cH&olokd@r[kwfa±S@aersm;twGif;rS tqkdðytrnfwif oGif;cH& olrsm;. ta&twGufonfjznfhpGuf&efvkd tyfaomvpfvyfae onfhae&mrsm;. ta&twGuf ESifhwlnDygu/ orRwonf olwkd@tm;cef@tyf&rnf? tqkdðywif oGif;aomemrnfta&twGuf onfjznfh pGuf&efvkdtyfaomae&mrsm;xufrsm; aeyguorRwonfywfoufr_±Sdaeaom toufarG;0rf; ausmif;tm; t}uHn%f awmif;+yD;aemuf vpfvyfae aomae&mrsm;tm; jznfhay;&rnf? ,if;odk@cef@tyf &mwGif cef@tyfcH&olrsm;onf toufarG;0rf;ausmif;vkyfief; ukd,fpm;ðyjcif; ukdxnfh 0ifpOf;pm;&rnf?

(3) pD&ifpkrsm;trsdK;om;aumifpDrS tqkdðytrnfwifoGif;aom aumfr±SiftzJG@0ifrsm;onf ‚if; wkd@tm;vkH;tm; tpm;xdk;cef@tyfonftxd okd@r[kwf ‚if;wkd@ta&twGufwGif vpfvyfr_±Sd onftxd wm0efxrf;aqmifonf tjcm;owfrSwfjcif;okd@r[kwf trnfpm&if;wifoGif; jcif;cH&aom tzJG@0ifrsm;rSmrl‚if;wkd@ tm;owfrSwfjcif;ðyay;ol okd@r[kwf trnfpm&if;wif oGif;olwdk@rS ‚if;wkd@tm; tpm;xkd;onftxd wm0efxrf; aqmif&onf?

Page 82: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

82(4) w&m;pD&ifa&;vkyfief;aumfr±Sifonf zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya'ESifh trsdK;om;Oya'

rStyf ESif;aomtm%mrsm;ESifh vkyfief;rsm;±Sdonf? (5) w&m;pD&ifa&;vkyfief;aumfr±Sifonf trsdK;om;tpkd;&tm; Oya'a&;qkdif&m ta&;

udpPodk@r [kwf Oya'usifhokH;r_ta&;udpPrsm;wGif t}uHay;Ekdifonf? okd@aomf w&m; ol}uD;wOD;tm; cef@tyf&ef ta&;udpPrS ty yk'frcJG (1) (Z)ESifh (ps)t& owfrSwf ay;ol tzJG@0ifrsm; ryg0ifbJ tpnf;ta0;xkdif&rnf?

(6) w&m;pD&ifa&; vkyfief;aumfr±Sifonf rdrd.vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;rsm;tay: qkH;jzwfEkdifonf? okd@ aomfaumfr±Sif.qkH;jzwfcsufrsm;onf ,if;. tzJG@0iftrsm;pkrS axmufcH&rnf?

w&m;pGJqkdjcif;vkyfykdifcGifhtm%m 179? (1) orRwEkdifiHwGif ygvDrHtufOya't& wnfaqmufxm;aom trsdK;om;w&m;pJGqkdjcif;

vkyfykdif cGifhtm%mw&yf±Sd+yD; ‚if;wGifyg0ifonfrSm (u) w&m;pGJqkdjcif; vkyfykdifcGifhtm%m. acgif;aqmifjzpfolonf trsdK;om;pDrH

tkyfcsKyfr_ OD;aqmifjzpfolorRwucef@tyfaom trsdK;om;trsm;jynfolw&m; pJGqkdcGifh tm %mnGef=um;a&; r_; / xkd@jyif

(c) ygvDreftufOya'w&yfrS qkH;jzwfay;aom trsm;jynfol w&m;pGJqkdcGifh tm%m nGef=um; a&;r_;rsm;ESifh w&m;vkdrsm;yg0ifonf?

(2) w&m;pJGqkdjcif; vkyfykdifcGifhtm%monf EkdifiHudk,fpm; jypfr_qkdif&m w&m;pJGqkdjcif;

rsm;tm; zJG@pnf;wnfaxifjcif; tm%m±SdonfESifh jypfr_qkdif&mw&m;pJGqkdjcif;rsm;tm; zJG@pnf;wnf axmif&mwGif tvsOf;oifhay:aygufvmaom vkdtyfonfhvkyfief;rsm; tm;vkyf aqmifEkdfif onf?

(3) trsdK;om;Oya'rS trsm;jynfolw&m;pJGqkdjcif; vkyfykdifcGifh tm%m nGef=um; a&;r_; rsm;onf/

(u) avsmfuefaom tqifhtwef;rDSjcif;ESifh (c) yk'frcJG (5)vufatmufcH txl;Oya' a&;&mrsm;tm; w&m;pJGqkdr_twGuf wm

0efcHEkdifjcif;/ - ±Sd a=umif;ukdtmrcHðy&rnf? (4) trsdK;om;Oya'rS w&m;pJGqkdjcif; vkyfykdifcGifh tm%monf ‚if;.vkyfief;rsm;tm;

a=umuf ±HGhhjcif;/ rsufESmomay;jcif; okd@r[kwf t*wdvkdufjcif;r±Sd / usifhokH;jcif;tm; tmrcHr_ðy&rnf?

(5) trsdK;om;trsm;jynfol w&m;qkdjcif;vkyfykdifcGifh nGef=um;a&;r_;onf? (u) trsm;jynfol w&m;pJGqkdjcif;vkyfykdifcGifh nGef=um;a&;r_;rsm;ESifh nSdE_dif;aqG;aEG;+yD;

aemuf w&m;a&;qkdif&m pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_ uufbdeuftzJG@0ifESifh xyfwlðyum w&m;pJGqkdr_wGif vkdufemusifhokH;&rnfjzpfaomf w&m;pJGqkdjcif;rlvrf;pOftm; qkH;jzwfay;&rnf?

(c) w&m;pJGqkda&;wGif vkdufemusifhokH;&rnfh rlykdif;qkdif&m nGef=um;r_rsm;tm; xkwfjyef&rnf?

(*) rlykdif;qkdif&mnGef=um;r_rsm;tm; vkdufemusifhokH;r_ r±Sdygu pGufzufEkdifonf? xkd@ jyif

(C) ywfoufaeaom trsm;jynfol w&m;pJGqkdjcif; vkyfykdifcGifhtm%m nGef=um; a&;r_;ESifh nSdE_dif;aqG;aEG;+yD;aemufESifh trsdK;om;.trsm;jynfolw&m;pJGqkdjcif; vkyfykdifcGifhtm%m nGef=um;a&;r_;rS atmufyg (1) pGwfpJGcH&ol

Page 83: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

83(2) wkdifwef;ol (3) trsdK;om;nGef=um;a&;r_;rS qufpyfr_±Sdonf[k,lqaomrnfolrqkd okd@r

[kwf rnfonf@tzJG@ukd rqkdowfrSwfcsdeftwGif;ukd,fpm;vnfv$J+yD;aemuf? pJGcsufwifoifhrwifoifh qkH;jzwf&rnf?

w&m;pD&ifr_ qkdif&mtjcm;ta&;udpPrsm; 180? (u) w&m;a&;t&m±Sdrsm;tmwGuf oifwef;tpDtpOfrsm;

(c) w&m;a&;t&m±Sdrsm;ESifh pyfv#Of;aom wkdif=um;csufrsm;tm; ukd,fwG,fjcif; vkyfxkH; vkyfenf; rsm;ESifh

(*) w&m;±kH; qkH;jzwfcsufðywGif w&m;a&;t&m±Sdrsm;tjyif tjcm;jynf olrsm;yg0if vkyfaqmif jcif;/tygt0if zJG@pnf;ykHtajccHOya'wGif az:jyr_r±Sdaom tjcm;udpPukd rsm;ukd qkd trsdK;om;Oya'ðyI jyXmef;Ekdifonf?

tcef; (9)

pnf;rsOf;pH 'Drkdua&pDtm; axmufulaom EkdifiHawmft aqmufttkHrsm;wnf axmifjcif;ESifh tkyfpkd;r_ tajccHoabmw&m;rsm; 181? (1) atmufygEkdifiHawmf taqmufttkHrsm;onf pnf;rsnf;cH'Drkdu a&pDtm; ckdifrm

aponf? (u) jynfolhukd tumtuG,fay;ol? (c) vl@tcGifhta&;aumfr±Sif? (*) ,Ofaus;r_/ ukd;uG,ftmomESifh bmompum;qkdif&m vl@tzJG@tpnf;rsm;tm;

ajrawmif ajrmufay;r_ESifh tumtuG,fay;r_aumfr±Sif? (C) usm;/ r wef;wlnDwlr_ aumfr±Sif? (i) pm&if;ppfcsKyf? (p) a±G;aumufyJG aumfr±Sif?

(2)TtaqmufttkHrsm;onf vGwfvyf+yD; zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya'ESifh Oya'.vuf atmufcHomjzpf+yD; ‚if;wkd@onfbufrvkdufjcif;jzpf&rnfjzpf+yD;‚if;wkd@ tm%mtm; usifhokH;&mESifhvkyfief; rsm;vkyfaqmif&mwGifa=umuf±GHH@jcif;/ rsufESmomay;jcif; ESifht*wd vkdufpm;jcif; uif;rJhpGmjzifh aqmif±Guf& rnf?

(3) EkdifiHawmf. tjcm;,EW,m;rsm;onf Oya'ðyr_jzifh ‚if;tjcm;aomvkyfief;pOfrsm;jzifh‚if; TtaqmufttkHrsm;. v$wfvyfr_/ bufrvkdufr_/ *k%foduQmESifh xda&mufr_tm; aocsmatmif aqmif±Gufay;& rnf?

Page 84: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

84 (4) rnfonfhvlyk*~KdvfwpkHwOD; okd@r[kwfEkdifiHawmf,EW,m; w&yf&yfonf Ttaqmuft

tkHrsm;. vkyfief;aqmif±Gufr_wGif 0ifa&mufpGufzufjcif; rðyvkyfEkdifay? (5) TtaqmufttkHrsm;onf trsdK;om;v$wfawmftm; wm0efcH&rnfjzpf+yD; ‚if;wkd@.

vkyfaqmifr_rsm;ESifh vkyfief;aqmif±Gufr_tm; trsdK;om;v$wfawmfokd@ tenf;qkH;w ESpfw}udrf tpD&if cH&rnf?

jynfol@ukd,fpm;vS,f jynfol@tumtuG,fay;ol.vkyfief;rsm; 182? (1) jynfol@tumtuG,fay;olonf trsdK;om;Oya'. xdef;nSdr_jzifh

(u) EkdifiHawmfa&;&mukd rnfonfhvkyfaqmifr_tm;rqkd pkHprf;ppfaq;jcif; okd@r[kwf jynf ol@pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_wGif rnfonfhtpkd;& wGifrqkd aqmuf±Gufr_w&yfonf vufcHEkdif zG,fr±Sd[kpGyfpJGjcif;ok@d r[kwf oHo,jzpfjcif;okd@r[kwf vufcHEkdifzG,f r±Sdjcif;odk@r[kwf tm*wd &v'fjzpfjcif;?

(c) ,if;vkyfaqmifr_tay: tpD&ifcHjcif;/ESifh (*) avsmfuef oifhjrwfaomtrSm;jyifqifay;r_vkyfaqmifcsuftm; vkyfaqmif&ef/ -

tm%m ±Sdonf? (2) jynfol@tumtuG,fay;olonf trsdK;om;Oya'jzifh jyXmef;aomxyfqifh tm%m

rsm;ESifh vkyfief;rsm;±Sd onf? (3) jynfol@tumtuG,fay;olonf w&m;±kH;rsm;. qkH;jzwfcsufrsm;tm; pkHprf;ppfaq;jcif;

rvkyf Ekdifay? (4) jynfol@t%mtuG,fay;olonf vlyk*~dKvftm;vkH;ESifh vl@tzJG@tpnf;tm;vkH;wkd@tm;

qufpyftokH;ðy cGifh±Sdonf? (5) trsdK;om;Oya'jzifh c|if;csuftajctaersm;rSty jynfoltumtuG,fay;olrS xkwf

jyefaom rnfonfh pD&ifcHpmtm;rqkd trsm;jynfoltwGufzGifhxm;ay;&rnf? oufwef; 183? jynfol@tumtuG,fay;oltm; xyfwkd;Ir&aom (&)ESpfoufwef;wcktwGuf cef@tyf onf?

vl@tcGifhta&;aumfr±Sif vl@tcGifhaumfr±Sif.vkyfief;rsm; 184? (1) vl@tcGifhta&;aumfr±Sifonf?

(u) vl@tcGifhta&;rsm;tm; av;pm;r_ESifh vl@tcGifhta&;rsm;. vkdufemusifhokH;&t pOftvmw&yftm; ajrawmifajrmuf ay;&rnf?

(c) vl@tcGifhta&;rsm;tm; tumtuG,fay;jcif; wkd;wufjzpfay:jcif;ESifh&±Sdjcif; tm; ajrawmifajrmuf ay; &rnf?

Page 85: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

85(*) orRwEkdifiHtwGif;wGif vl@tcGifhta&;vkdufemusifhokH;r_tm; pDppfjcif;ESifh tuJ

jzwfjcif;tm; vkyf&rnf? (2) vl@tcGifhta&;aumfr±Sifonf trsdK;om;Oya'jzifh xdrf;nSday;aom‚if; .vkyfief;rsm;

vkyf aqmif&mwGif (u) vl@tcGifhta&;rsm;. vdkufemusifhokH;r_tay: pkHprf;ppfaq;jcif;ESifh tpD&ifcHjcif;/ (c) vl@tcGifhta&;rsm; csdK;azgufjcif;±Sdaomae&mwGifoifhavsmfaom av#mfa=u;ay;&ef

tm rcHr_tqifhrsm;tm;aqmif±Gufjcif;/ (*) okawoevkyfjcif;/ ESifh (C) ynmay;jcif;/ - vkyfykdifcGifhrsm; yg0ifonf?

(3) vl@tcGifhta&;aumfr±Sifonf oufqkdifr_±Sdaeaom EkdifiHawmf,EW,m;rsm;tm; tajccH tcGifh ta&;jyXgef;csufwGif yg±SdaomtcGifhta&;rsm;jzpfaom tkd;tdrf/ usef;rma&; apmifha±Smufr_/ tpm; tpm/ a&/ vlr_ umuG,fapmifha±Smufr_/ ynma&;ESifhobm 0ywf0ef;usifESifhygwfoufaom vkyfaqmifr_qkdif&m ta=umif;t&mrsm;tm; aumfr ±Sifokd@ESpfpOfwifoGif;ap&rnf?

(4) vl@tcGifhta&;aumfr±Sifonf trsdK;om;Oya'rS jyXmef;ay;aom tm%mrsm;ESifh vkyf ief;rsm; xyfqifh&±dSap&rnf?

,Ofaus;r_qkdif&m/ ukd;uG,fbmomESifh bmompum;qkdif&m vl@tzJG@tpnf;rsm; ajrawmif ajrmufay;r_ESifhtum tuG,fay;r_aumfr±Sif.vkyfief;rsm; 185? (1) ,Ofaus;r_qkdif&m/udk;uG,fbmomESifhbmompum;qkdif&mvl@tzJG@tpnf;rsm;ajrawmif

ajrmuf ay;r_ESifh tumtuG,fay;r_ aumfr±Sif.t"du&nfrSef;csufrsm;rSm (u) ,Ofaus;r_qkdif&m/ udk;uG,fbmomESifhbmompum;qkdif&m/ vl@tzJG@tpnf;rsm;

. tcGifhta&;rsm;tm;av;pm;r_udk ajrawmifajrmufay;&ef? (c) ,Ofaus;r_qkdif&m/ ukd;uG,fbmomESifh bmompum;qkdif&m vl@tzJG@tpnf;

rsm;twGif; +idrf;csrf;jcif;/ cifrifjcif;/ oem;=uifemjcif;/ oD;cHEkdifpGrf;ESifh trsdk;om; pnf;vkH;nDnGwf r_tm; ajrawmifajrmufay; &efESifh wkd;wufrsm;jym;ap&ef?

(*) trsdK;om;Oya'ESifhtnD awmiftmz&duwGif ,Ofaus;r_w&yfokd@r[kwf tjcm; aumifpD okd@r[kwf vl@tokdif;t0dkfif;wckodk@r[kwf vl@tokdif;t0dkif;rsm;tm; wnfaxmifjcif; okd@r[kwf todtrSwfðyjcif;tm; axmufcHay;&efjzpfonf?

(2) aumfr±Sifonf trsdK;om;Oya'. xdrf;csKyfr_t& ,Ofaus;r_qkdif&m udk;uG,fbm omESifh bmompum;qkdif&mvl@tzJG@tpnf;rsm;. t"du&nf±G,fcsufrsm; &±Sd&eft wGufpDppfjcif; / pkHprf;ppfaq;jcif;/ olawoeðyjcif;/ ynmay;jcif; =oZm anmif;&ef óud;pm;jcif;/ t}uHay;jcif; ESifh tpD&ifcHjcif;tygt0iftm %m±Sdonf?

(3) aumfr±Sifonf ‚if;.tm%mrsm;ESifhvkyfief;rsm;wGif usa&mufaom rnfonfhudpP tm;rqkd vl@tcGifhta&;aumfr±SifrS pkHprf;ppfaq;a&;twGuftpD&ifcHEkdifonf?

(4) aumfr±Sifonf trsdK;om;Oya'rS jyXmef;ay;aom tm%mrsm;ESifhvkyfief;rsm;xyf qifh±dS onf?

aumfr±Sifyg0ifzJG@pnf;ykH

Page 86: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

86186? (1) ,Ofaus;r_qkdif&mudk;uG,fbmomESifhbmompum;qkdif&mvl@qkdif&m vl@tzJG@tpnf;rsm;

tm; ajrawmifajrmufay;r_ESifh tumtuG,fay;r_aumfr±Sif. tzJG@0ifrsm;ta&t wGufESifh ‚if;wkd@ tm;cef@tyfr_ oufwef;. trsdK;om;Oya'jzi fhjy Xmef;ay;&rnf?

(2) aumfr±Sif. yg0ifzJG@pnf;ykHonf? (u) awmiftmz&duEkdifiHwGif t"duusaom ,Ofaus;r_ ukd;uG,fbmomESifh bmom

pum; vl@tokdif;t0kdif;rsm;rS us,fjyef@pGm yg0ifjcif;ESifh (c) awmiftmz&duEkdifiH. usm;/r yg0ifr_ us,fjyef@pGm a&mifjyef[yfr_jzpfap&rnf?

usm;/ rwef;wlnDwlr_ aumfr±Sif usm; / rwef;wlnDwlr_aumfr±Sif.vkyfief;rsm; 187? (1) vdifwef;wlnDwlr_aumfr±Sifonf vdifwef;wlnDwlr_av;pm;r_tm; ajrawmifajrmu

ay;jcif;ESifh vdifwef;wlnDwlr_tm; tumtuG,fay;jcif;/ wkd;wufjrifhrm;apjcif;ESifh &,lapjcif;wkd@ tm;vkyfaqmif&rnf?

(2) vdifwef;wlnDwlr_aumfr±Sifonf trsdK;om;Oya'. xdef;csKyfr_t&‚if;. vkyfief; rsm;vkyfaqmif&mwGif vkdtyfaom/pDppfjcif; pkHprf;ppfaq;jcif; okawoeðyjcif;/ ynmay;jcif;/ =oZmanmif;&ef óud;pm;jcif;/ t}uHay;jcif;ESifh tpD&ifcHjcif;tm%m rsm; tygt0if tm%m±Sdonf?

(3) vdifwef;wlnDwlr_ aumfr±Sifonf trsdK;om;Oya'rS jyXmef;ay;aomtm%mrsm;ESifh vkyfief;rsm;xyf qifh±Sdonf?

188? (1) pm&if;ppfcsKyfonf?

(u) trsdK;om;ESifh pD&ifpkEkdifiHawmfXgeESifhuGwfuJ tkyfcsKyfr_tm;vkH; (c) jrLeDpyg,fa'otm;vkH;ESifh (*) trsdK;om;okd@r[kwf pD&ifpkOya't& pm&if;ppfcsKyfpm&if;ppf&efvkdtyfaom tjcm;

taqmufttkH okd@r[kwf &aiGokH;aiG±Sif;wrf;trsdK;tpm;. &aiGokH;aiG±Sif;wrf; rsm; b¾ma&;±Sif;wrf;rsm;ESifh b¾ma&;pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_tm; pm&if;ppfjcif;ESifh tpD &ifcHjcif;tm;aqmif ±Guf&rnf?

(2) yk'frcJG (1)wGifjyXmef;xm;aom 0wW&m;rsm;tjyifESifh Oya'w&yf&yf. vufatmufcHr_ jzifh pm&if;ppfcsKyfonf?

(u) trsdK;om;tcGefawmfaiG &HykHaiGrS okd@r[kwf pD&ifpkwck. tcGefawmfaiG &HykHaiG okd@r[kwf jrLeDpyg,fwckrS axmufyHhaiGcsay;aom rnfonfh taqmufttkHrqkd okd@r[kwf

(c) Oya'w&yf&yf. tm%may;cGifhðyr_t& trsm;jynfoltwGuf aiGvufcH&±Sdaom rnfonfh taqmufttkHrqkd okd@r[kwf/

- .&aiGokH;aiG±Sif;wrf;rsm;/ b¾ma&;±Sif;wrf;rsm;ESifh ¾ma&;pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_tm; pm &if; ppfjcif;ESifh tpD&if;cHjcif;tm; aqmif±GufEkdifonf?

(3) pm&if;ppfcsKyfonf pm&if;ppfr_tay:wkduf±kduf tusdK;oufa&mufjcif;w&yf±Sdaom rnf onfh Oya'ðytzJG@ESifh trsdK;om;Oya'rS jyXgef;ay;xm;aom tjcm;rnfonfh tm %mykdiftm;rqkd pm&if;ppfr_tpD&ifcHpmrsm;tm;vkH;wkd@tm; trsm;jynfol±Sdap&ef vkyf aqmif&rnf?

Page 87: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

87(4) pm&if;ppfcsKyfonf trsdK;om;Oya'rS jyXgef;ay;aom tm%mrsm;ESifh vkyfief;rsm;

xyfqifh±dS onf?

oufwef; 189? pm&if;ppfcsKyftm;xyfwkd;Ir&aom ig;ESpfESifhq,fESpfpyf=um;jzpfaom owfrSwfxm;aom

umv wcktwGuf cef@tyf&rnf?

a±G;aumufyJGaumfr±Sif a±G;aumufyJGaumfr±Sif.vkyfief;rsm; 190? (1) a±G;aumufyJGaumfr±Sifonf?

(u) trsdK;om; pD&ifpkESifh jrLeDpyg,fOya'ðytzJG@rsm; a±G;aumufyJGtm; trsdK;om;Oy a'ESifht nDwm0ef,laqmif±Gufay;&rnf?

(c) ‚if;a±G;aumufyJGrsm;. vGwfvyfjcif;ESifhw&m;r#wjcif;tm; tmrcHay;&rnf/xkdjyif (*) trsdK;om;Oya'jzifh owfrSwfjyXgef;ay;&rnfjzpfaom tcsdefumvESifh tusdK;t

a=umif;qD avsmfaomfwkdawmif;qkH;tcsdefumvtwGif; ‚if;a±G;aumuf yJG&v'frsm; tm;a=ujimay;& rnf?

(2) a±G;aumufyJGaumfr±Sifonf trsdK;om;Oya'rS jyXgef;ay;aom tm%mrsm;ESifh vkyfief; rsm;xyf qifh±Sdonf?

a±G;aumufyJGaumfr±Sif. zJG@pnf;yg0ifykH 191? a±G;aumufyJGaumfr±Sifonf yk*~dKvftenf;qkH;okH;OD;jzifh zJG@pnf;yg0ifap&rnf? tzJG@0ifrsm;

ta& twGufESifh ‚if;wkd@. oufwef;rsm;tm; trsdK;om;Oya'jzifh jyXgef;ay;&rnf?

toHvGifhr_vnfywfr_twGuf vGyfvyfaom tm%mykdiftzJG@ toHvGifhjcif;tm%mykdif 192? trsdK;om;Oya'onf trsm;jynfol tusdK;aus;Zl;ESifh r#waomawmiftmz&du vl@tv$m

wGif rwlnDaom us,fjyef@onfhtjrifrsm;tm; ukd,fpm;ðyjcif;tm; tmrcHapr_twGuf toHv$ifhjcif; vnfywfEkdifr_twGuf aqmif±Guf&ef vGwfvyfaomt%mykdif tzJG@wzJG@tm; xlaxmifay;&rnf?

taxGaxGjyXgef;csufrsm;

Page 88: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

88

&mxl;cef@tyfjcif;rsm; 193? (1) vlxltumtuG,fay;olESifh Ttcef;t&wnfaxmifaom aumfr±Sifw&yf&yf. t

zJG@0ifrsm; tm; (u) awmiftmz&duEkdifiHom;rsm;jzpfaom (c) ,if;wpkHwckaom &mxl;wGif wm0ef,l&ef usef;rmoefpGrf;+yD; oifhavsmfolvl

yk*~dKvfrsm; jzpfaom (*) trsdK;om; Oya'jzifh jyXgef;ay;aom tjcm;vkdtyfcsufrsm; jynfhpkHaom - rdef;rrsm;okd@r[kwf a,musFm;rsm;jzpf&rnf?

(2) tzJG@0ifrsm;cef@tyf&mwGif Ttcef;t&xlaxmifaom aumfr±Sifw&yf. vkdtyfr_ twGuf awmiftmz&duEkdifiH. vlrsdK;pkESifhvdifyg0ifr_ us,fjyef@pGma&mifjyef[yfr_udk xnfh0ifpOf;pm; &rnf?

(3) pm&if;ppfcsKyfonf awmiftmz&duEkdifiHom;jzpfol trsdK;orD;wOD;okd@r[kwf trsdK; om;wOD; jzpf&rnfjzpf+yD; ,if;&mxl;wGif wm0ef,l&eftwGuf usef;rm ompGrf;olESifh oifhawmfoljzpf&rnf? pm&if;ppfcsKyftm;cef@tyf&mwGif pm&if;ppfjcif; EkdifiHawmf t¾ma&;ESifh jynfoltkyfcsKyf a&;wGif txl;odem;vnfr_okd@r[kwf tawG@tóuH±Sdr_ wkd@tm;avsmfuefaom tav;xm;r_ tm;ay;&rnf?

(4) orRwonf trsdK;om;v$wfawmfrS axmufcH&mwGif vlxktumtuG,fay;ol pm&if;ppfcsKyfESifh (u) vl@tcGifhta&;aumfr±Sif (c) usm;/ rwef;wlnDwlr_aumfr±Sif (*) a±G;aumufyJGaumfr±Sif / - tzJG@0ifrsm;tm; cef@tyf&rnf?

(5) trsdL;om;v$wfawmfonf (u) v$wfawmfwGif ukd,fpm;ðyaom ygwDtm;vkH;wkd@. tcsdK;tpm;t& tzJG@0ifrsm;jzifh

zJG@pnf; yg0ifaom v$wfawmfaumfr±Sifw&yf. tqkdwifoGif;r_rsm;ESifh (1) axmufcHr_onf vlxktumtuG,fay;ol okd@r[kwf pm&if;ppfcsKyftm;

cef@tyfjcif; ESifh pyfqkdifaom v$wfawmftzJG@0ifrsm; OD;a&tenf;qkH; 60µ. axmufcHrJ okd@r[kwf/

(2) axmufcHr_onf aumfr±Sifw&yf. tzJG@0ifwOD;tm; cef@tyfjcif;ESifh pyfqkdif aom v$wfawmftzJG@ 0ifrsm;.trsm;pk. axmufcHrJjzifh

- v$wfawmfrS oabmwl twnfðyaomqkH;jzwfcsufw&yft&cefhtyf - olrsm;tm;axmufcH&rnf?

(6) axmufcHr_vkyf&yfwGif t&yfom;vl@tv$m. yg0ifr_qkdif&mtm; yk'fr59/ 1(u)wGif &nfnGef; jyXmef;yg±Sd onftwkdif; jyXmef;Ekdifonf?

&mxl;rSz,f±Smjcif; 194? (1) vlxktumtuG,fay;ol pm&if;ppfcsKyfokd@r[kwf Ttceft& xlaxmifaomaumf

r±Sifw&yf.tzJG@0ifwOD;tm; (u) tusifhoduQm ysufjym;jcif;/ pGrf;yum;r±Sdjcif; okd@r[kwfu|rf;usifr_r±Sdjcif;/ (c) trsdk;om;v$wfawmf aumfrwDw&yfrS ,if;okd@awG@±Sdjcif;ESifh (*) ,if;yk*~dKvftm; &mxl;rS z,f±Sm;&eftqkdw&yftm; v$wfawmfrS twnfðy vuf

cHjcif;/ - wGifom&m xl;rSz,f±SmEkdifonf?

Page 89: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

89(2) trsdK;om;v$wfawmf. &mxl;rS z,f±Sm;jcif;qkdif&m qkH;jzwfcsufw&yfonf

(u) vlxktumtuG,fay;ol okd@r[kwf pm&if;ppfcsKyftm; &mxl;rSz,f±Sm;&ef tqkd tm; v$wfawmftzJG@ 0ifrsm;. tenf;qkH;okH;ykHESpfykHaxmufcHrJjzifhtwnfðy& rnf? odk@r[kwf

(c) aumfr±Sifw&yf. tzJG@0ifwOD;tm; &mxl;rsm;z,f&eftqkdtm; vGwfawmftzJG@0if rsm;. trsm;pkaxmufcHrJjzifh twnfðy&rnf?

(3) orRwonf (u) yk*~dKvfwOD;tm; trsdK;om;v$wfawmf aumfrwDw&yfrS &mxl;rSz,f±Skm;a&;twGuf

aqmif±Gufr_pwifaqmif±Gufaomae@rSpI tcsdefra±G;&mxl;rS acwWcsxm;Ekkdif onf?

(c) ,if;yk*~dKvftm;&mxl;rS z,f±Sm;&efawmif;qkdr_tm; oabmwlqkH;jzwf+yD;v#if,if; yk*~dKvf tm;&mxl;rS xkwfy,f&rnf?

tcef; (10)

vlxkpDrHcef@cJGr_ vlxkpDrHcef@cJGr_tm;pkd;rkd;aomtajccHta&;ygr_rsm;ESifh ed,mrrsm; 195? (1) vlxkpDrHcef@r_tm; atmufyged,mrrsm;ygt0if zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'wGif

tmrcHxm;aom 'Drdku&ufwpf tajccHta&;ygr_rsm;ESifh ed,mrrsm;jzifh pkd;rkd;jcif; ±Sdap&rnf?

(u) tqifhjrifhaom twwfynmqkdif&mu|rf;usifr_ vl@usifh0wftm; ajrawmif ajrSmufay; jcif;ESifhxdef; odrf;jcif;tm; aqmif±Guf&rnf? pGrf;aqmifEkdifpGrf;±Sdaom pD;yGg;a&;ESifh o,HZmwrsm;tm; xda&mufpGmtokH;ðyjcif;tm;ajrawmifajrSmuf ay;& rnf?

(c) pGrf;aqmifEkdifpGrf;±Sdaom pD;yGg;a&;ESifh o,HZwrsm;tm; xda&mufpGm tokH;ðyjcif; tm;ajr awmifajrSmufay;&rnf?

(*) vlxkpDrHcef@cJGr_onf wkd;wufzG@Hòzd;r_tm; tajccH&rnf? (C) aqmifusOfay;jcif;rsm;tm; bufvkdufjcif;r±Sdjcif;wkd@jzifh aqmif±Gufay;&rnf? (i) jynfolvlxkwkd@. vkdtyfcsufrsm;tm; wkef@jyefay;&rnf? ESifhvlxkrsm;rS rlcsrSwf

jcif;wGif yg0ifygwf oufr_tm; tm;ay;&rnf? (p) vlxkpDrHcef@cJGr_onf wm0efcHr_jzpf±Sd&rnf?

Page 90: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

90(q) vlxktm;tcsdefrSDjcif;/ vufvSrf;rSDEkdifjcif;ESifh wdusrSefuefaomowif;tcsuft

vufrsm; ay;jcif;jzifh xkd;azgufjrifEkdifjcif;tm; ajrawmifajrSmufpm; ay;&rnf? (Z) vlom;. pGrf;owWdtm; t}uD;qkH;jzpfapa&;twGufaumif;aom vlyk*~dKvfpGrf;

yum;pDrHuGwfuJr_ESifh toufarG;r_wkd;wufzGH@ðzd;r_rsm;tm; ðypkysdK;axmifay;& rnf?

(ps) vlxkpDrHcef@cJGr_tm; awmiftmz&dujynfolrsm;. tus,fjyefhqkH; ukd,fpm;ðytm; pGrf;&nf OD;wnf csufw&m;r#wjcif;ESifh twdwfrS us,fjyef@aomukd,fpm;ðyr_&Sda&; rnDr#r_tm; ay;avsmfjcif;wkd@tm; tajccHaomtvkyfcef@tyfr_ESifh vlyk*~dKvfpDrH uGyfuJr_jzifhaqmif±Guf& rnf?

(2) txufed,mrrsm;onf? (u) tpkd;&. pDrHuGwfuJr_t0ef;wkdif;tm;‚if;/ (c) EkdifiH,EW,m;rsm;ESifh (*) vlxkvkyfief;rsm;/

- tm;oufqkdifjcif;±Sdonf? (3) yk'frcJG (1)wGif az:jyyg±SdaomtajccHta&;ygr_rsm;ESifh ed,mrrsm;ukd ajrawmif

ajrSmufay; r_tm;trsdK;om; Oya'jzifh jyXmef;ay;&rnf? (4) rlykdif;qkdif&m xnfhoGif;pOfpm;r_ pDrHcef@cJGjcif;twGuf cef@tyfaomvlta&twGuftm;

wm;qD;ydwfyifjcif;r±Sday? okd@aomfTjynfolh0efxrf;cef@tyfr_rsm;tm; trsdK;om; Oya'rS xdef;ay; &rnf?

(5) vlxkpDrHcef@cJGr_qkdif&m pnf;rsOf;tm; Oya'ðy&mwGifoD;jcm;puf0dkif;pdwf/ pDrHcef@cJGr_ okd@r[kwf ,EW,m;twGif; ydkif;jcm;jcif;tm; vkyfEdkifonf?

(6) vlxkpDrHcef@cJGr_ qkdif&mpnf;rsOf;tm; Oya'ðy&mwGif vlxk.oD;jcm;puf0kdif; pdwf pDrHcef@cJGr_ okd@r[kwf ,EW,m;. oabmobm0ESifh vkyfief;rsm;tm;xnfh0ifa& wGufr_onfpyfqkdifaom tajccHta=umif;rsm;jzpfonf?

vlxk0efxrf;aumfr±Sif 196? (1) orRwEkdifiHtwGuf vlxk0efxrf; aumfr±Sifw&yfom±Sdonf?

(2) aumfr±Sifonf oD;jcm;v$wfvyf+yD;bufvkdufjcif; rjzpf&ay? xda&muf+yD;pGrf;aqmifEkdif pGrf;±Sd aomvlxkpDrHcef@cJGr_ESifh vlxk0efxrf;r_wGif tqifhjrifhaomtwwfynmqdkif&m u|rf;usifr_vlusifh0wftm;xdef; odrf;ay;r_tusdK;aus;Zl;tvkd@Xg ‚if;.tm%m rsm;tm; usifhokH;jcif;ESifh vkyfief;rsm;vkyfaqmif&mwGif a=umufjcif;/ OD;pm;ay;jcif; odk@r[kwf tm*wdvkdufjcif;r±Sdaqmif±Guf &rnf? aumfr±Siftm;trsdK; om;Oya'jzifhxdrf;&rnf?

(3) aumfr±SifrS oD;jcm;vGwfvyfjcif;/ bufvkdufr_r±Sdjcif; oduQmorm"dESifh xda&mufjcif; twGuf tjcm;EkdifiH. ,EW,m;rsm;onf trsdK;om;Oya' okd@r[kwf tjcm;vkyf aqmifcsufrsm;rSwqifh yHhykd;ay;jcif;ESifh tumtuG,fay;jcif;tm;vkyfaqmif&rnf? rnfolwOD;a,muf okd@r[kwf EkdifiH. ,EW,m;w&yfonf aumfr±Sif.vkyfief;aqmif ±Gufr_wGif0ifa&mufpGufzufjcif;rðyEkdif ay?

(4) aumfr±Sif. tm%mrsm;ESifh vkyfief;rsm;rSm

Page 91: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

91(u) yk'fr (195)wGif az:jyyg±Sdaom tajccHta&;ygr_rsm;ESifh ed,mrrsm;tm; vlxk

0efxrf;r_ tESHhtjym; ajrawmifajrSmufay;jcif;? (c) vlxk0efxrf;r_. zJG@pnf;wnfaqmufr_ESifh pDrHuGyfuJr_ESifh tr_xrf;rsm;. usifhokH;

vkyf ukdifjcif;tm; axmufvSrf;pkHprf;jcif;/ pDppfjcif;ESifh tuJjzwfjcif;? (*) vlxk0efxrf;twGif; vkyfief;aqmif±Gufr_rsm;xda&mufapr_ESifh pGrf;aqmifEkdifr_tm;

tmrcH ay;r_twGufvkyfief;pOfrsm; tqkdðyjcif;/ (C) 0efxr;fa&;&mqkdif&mpkaqmif;jcif;/ ajymif;a±G@jcif;rsm;onf yk'fr (195)wGif csrSwf

xm;aom ta&;ygr_rsm;ESifh ed,mrrsm;wGifvkdufavsmnDaxG±Sdr_tm; tmrcHay;r_ twGufvrf;nGefr_rsm;ay;jcif;?

(i) ‚if;.awG@±Sdcsufrsm;ESifhvrf;nGefay;r_rsm;udk t}uHnm%fay;r_rsm; tygt0if‚if; .vkyfief;rsm;tay: ‚if;.v_yf±Sm;r_rsm;ESifh ed,mrrsm;tay: vkdufemusifhokH;r_ tm; tuJjzwfjcif; w&yfukday;ykd@jcif;?

(p) ‚if;. oabmt&jzpfap wkdifwef;r_w&yftm; vufcH&±SdIjzpfap? (1) 0efxrf;ESifhvlxkpDrH cef@cJGr_usifhokH;vkyfaqmifr_tay: pkHprf;ppfaq;jcif;ESifh t

uJjzwfjcif;ukd oufqkdifr_±Sdaeaom tkyfcsKyfa&;tm%mykdifESifh Oya'ðy tzJG@okd@ wifjyjcif;?

(2) w&m;0ifvkyfaqmifr_rsm; okd@r[kwfvkyfaqmif &efysufuGufr_rsm;qdkif&mvl xkpDrHcef@cJGr_tvkyform;rsm;. epfemr_rsm;tm; pkHprf;ppfaq;&efESifh oifh avsmfaomjyif qifay;r_rsm;tm; tqkdðyjcif;?

(3) vlxk0efxrf;jcif;wGif tokH;ðyEdkifaom vkyfxHk;vkyfenf;rsm;tay: opPm±Sdr_ tm;pDppf jcif;ESifh pkHprf;ppfaq;jcif;ESifh/

(4) vlxkpDrHcef@cJGr_tvkyform;rsm;tm; pkaqmif;jcif; cef@tyfjcif; a±G@ajymif;jcif; xkwfypfjcif;ESifh tjcm;toufarG;r_±_awmifhrsm; tygt0if0efxrf;rsm;qkdif &musifhokH;r_tay:EkdifiH. trsdL;om;ESifh pD&ifpkwEW,m;rsm;tm; t}uH nm%f ay;jcif;?

(5) aumfr±Sifonf trsdK;om;v$wfawmftm;wm0efcHonf? (6) aumfr±Sifonf yk'frcJG 4(1)t&

(u) trsdK;om;v$wfawmfokd@ ESifh (c) pD&ifpkwckESifhoufqkdifaeaom ,if;.vkyfaqmifr_rsm;tm; ,if;pD&ifpk

.Oy a'ðytzJG@okd@ - tenf;qkH;wESpf w}udrftpD&ifcH&rnf?

(7) aumfr±Sifonf orRwrS cef@tyfaom atmufygaumfr±Sifrif;}uD; (14)OD; (u) yk'frcJG *(u)t& trsdK;om;v$wfawmfrS oabmwlvufcHaom aumfr

±Sif rif;}uD; (5)OD; (c) yk'frcJG *(c)t&oufqkdif&mpD&ifpk. 0ef}uD;csKyfrS tqkdwifoGif;aom pD

&ifpkw ckpDrSaumfr±Sifrif;}uD;wOD;onf? (8) (u) yk'frcJG & (u)t&cef@tyfaom aumfr±Sifrif;}uD;wOD;onf

(1) v$wfawmfwGif ukd,fpm;ðyaom ygwDtm;vkH;. tcsdK;tpm;t vkduf ukd,fpm;vS,frsm;yg0ifaom trsdK;om;v$wfawmf. aumf rwDw&yfrSaxmuf cHolESifh

(2)v$wfawmf. tzJG@0iftrsm;pk qENrJw&yf. qkH;jzwfcsufjzifh v$wf awmfrS twnf ðyay;ol jzpf&rnf?

(c) pD&ifpkwck 0ef}uD;csKyfrS tqkdðyaom aumfr±Sifrif;}uD;wOD;onf

Page 92: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

92(1) pD&ifpkOya'ðytzJG@wGif ukd,fpm;ðyaomygwDtm;vkH;. tcsdK;tpm;

tvkduf ukd,fpm;vS,frsm;yg0ifaom pD&ifpkOya'ðytzJG@. aumfr wDw&yfrSaxmuf cHolESifh

(2) ,if;.tzJG@0ifrsm;trsm;pkqENrJw&yf. qkH;jzwfcsufjzifh pD&ifpkOy a'ðytzJG@ rStwnfðyay;ol jzpf&rnf?

(9) ygvDreftufOya'w&yfonf aumfr±Sifrif;}uD;rsm; cef@tyfjcif;qkdif&mvkyf xkH;vkyf enf;tm; xdef; csKyfay;&rnf?

(10) aumfr±Sifrif;}uDtm; w}udrfomv#ifxyfrHwkd;ay;Ekdifaom ig;ESpfoufwef; twGuf cef@tyf+yD; (u) awmiftmz&duEkdifiHom;jzpfol ESifh (c) pDrHcef@cJGr_ tkyfcsKyfr_okd@r[kwf vlxk0efxrf;jcif;qkdif&m jyXmef;r_wGif

todynm±Sd olokdhr[kwf tawG@tóuH±Sdoljzpf+yD; usef;rmompGrf;+yD; oifhavsmfol - trsdK; orD;okd@r[kwftrsdK;om;jzpf&rnf?

(11) aumfr±Sifrif;}uD;wOD;tm; (u) tusifhoduQmrsufjym;jcif; pGrf;yum;r±Sdjcif; okd@r[kwf t&nft

csif;rjynfh rSDjcif;/ (c) ,if;tajccHtrsdK;om;v$wfawmfaumfrwDdw&yf okd@r[kwf pD&ifpkw

ck. 0ef}uD;csKyfrS tqkdðyaomaumfr±Sifrif;}uD;ta&;wGif ,if;pD&if pk. Oya'ðy tzJG@ aumfrwDw&yfrS awG@±Sdjcif;w&yfjzpfjcif;ESifh

(*) v$wfawmfokd@r[kwf oufqkdif&mpD&ifpk Oya'ðytzJG@. tzJG@0iftenf; qkH; w0uf. axmufcHrJ&±Sdaom aumfr±Sifrif;}uD;tm; &mxl;rS xkwfy,f &efqkH; jzwfcsufw&yftm; vufcHtwnfðyjcif; wGifom&m xl;rS z,f±Sm; Ekdifonf?

(12) orRwonf ywfoufr_±Sdaeaom aumfr±Sifrif;}uD;tm; (u) ,if;aumfr±Sifrif;}uD;tm; xkwfy,f&efawmif;qkdaom qkH;jzwfcsuf

w&yftm; v$wfawmfrS twnfðyjcif; okd@r[kwf (c) aumfr±Sifrif;}uD;tm; xkwfy,f&efawmif;qkdaom qkH;jzwffcsufw

&yftm;,if; pD&ifpkOya'ðytzJG@rS twnfðyjcif;tm; pD&ifpk0ef}uD; csKyfrSmpmjzifh ta=umif;=um;today;jcif; - wGif&mxl;rSxkwf y,f&rnf?

(13) yk'frcJG &(c)wGifnGef;xm;aom aumfr±Sifrif;}uD;rsm;onf trsdK;om; Oya'jyXmef; yg±Sdcsuft& aumfr±Sif. tm%mrsm;tm;usifhokH;jcif;ESifh vkyfief;rsm;tm;aqmif ±Gufjcif;ukd ‚if;wkd@. pD&ifpkrsm;wGif usifhokH;aqmif ±Guf Ekdifonf?

vlxk0efxrf;vkyfief; 197? (1) vlxkpDrHtkyfcsKyfr_twGifwGif orRwEkdifiHtwGuf vlxk0efxrf;vkyfief;w&yf±Sd+yD; ,if;

onftrsdK;om;Oya't& vkyfief;aqmif±Gufjcif;ESifh zJG@pnf;wnfaqmufjcif;±Sd& rnfjzpf+yD; vuf±Sdtpkd; &. w&m;0ifr_vrf;pOfrsm;tm; opPmapmifhxdef; taumift xnfaz:vkyfaqmif&rnfjzpf onf?

(2) vlxk0efxrf;vkyfief;wGif tr_xrf;aqmifjcif; pnf;urf;csufrsm;ESifh uef@owfcsuf rsm; tm; trsdK;om;Oya'jzifh owfrSwfay;&rnf? 0efxrf;rsm;onf trsdK;om;Oya' owfrSwfay;onf twkdif;w&m;aom t+idrfpm;vpmtm;&ykdifcGifh±Sdonf?

Page 93: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

93(3) rnfonfhvlxk0efxrf;vkyfief; tvkyform;wpkHwOD;tm; axmufcHjcif; okd@r[kwf

ta&;wck tm; axmufcHjcif;a=umifh rsmufESmomvkdufjcif;okd@r[kwf t*wdðyay;jcif; rvkyfaqmif&?

(4) pD&ifpktpkd;&rsm;onf ‚if;wkd@. pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_vufatmufwGif±Sdaom vlxk0efxrf; vkyfief;twGuf owfrSwfaomykHpHESifh owfrSwfxm;aom wajy;nDabmif twGif;wm 0ef±Sdonf?

tcef; 11 vkHðcHa&;wyfzJG@rsm;

tkyfpkd;r_ed,mrrsm; 198? atmufyged,mrrsm;onf orRwEkdifiHtwGif; trsdK;om;vkHðcHa&;tm; pkd;rkd;onf?

(u) trsdK;om;vkHðcHa&;onf awmiftmz&duEkdifiH. ckdifrmcH,lcsufjzpfaom vlwOD; csif; taejzifh ‚if;vlrsdK;wrsdK;taejzihf‚if;wef;wla&wlaexkdifjcif; +idrf;csrf;pGm ESifho[ ZmwjzpfpGmaexkdifjcif; a=umuf±HGhhjcif;ESifh qif;&Jjcif;rSuif;a0;jcif;ESifhykdI aumif; rGefaom b0ukd±SmazGEkdif jcif;tm; a&mifjyef[yf&rnf?

(c) +idrf;csrf;pGmESifh o[ZmwjzpfpGm aexkdif&ef ckdifrmaomcH,lcsufwGif awmiftz&du EkdifiHom; rnfolrqkd zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya' odk@r[kwf trsdK;om;Oya'rS jyXmef;csufrsm;ty trsdK;om;jzpfap tjynfjynfqkdif&mwGifjzpfap vufeufukdify ÉdyuQwGif 0ifa&mufyg0ifjcif; tm;wm;jrpfonf?

(*) trsdK;om;vkHðcHa&;tm; tjynfjynfqkdif&m Oya'tygt0if Oya'ESifhvkdufavsm nDaxG usifhokH;&rnf?

(C) trsdK;om;vkHðcHa&;onf ygvDrefESifhtrsdK;om;pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_tzJG@. vufatmufcHjzpf on?f

Page 94: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

94

trsdK;om;vkHðcHa&;wyfzJG@rsm;. xlaxmifr_ zJG@pnf;r_ESifh pDrHaqmif±Gufr_ 199? (1) orRwEkdifiH. vkHðcHa&;wyfzJG@rsm;onf wckwnf;aom umuG,fa&;wyfzJG@ wckwnf; aom

&JwyfzJG@ESifh zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya't& xlaxmifaomaxmuf vSrf;a&;rsm; yg0ifonf?

(2) umuG,fa&; wyfzJG@onf orRwEkdifiHwGifwckwnf;aom w&m;0ifppfwyfjzpfonf? (3) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya't& xlaxmifaomaxmufvSrf;a&;wyfrsm;tjyif tjcm;

vuf eufukdiftz@JGtpnf;rsm; odk@r[kwf wyfzJG@rsm;tm; trsdK;om;Oya't&omxl axmifEkdifonf?

(4) vkHðcHa&;wyfzJG@rsm;tm; trsdK;om;Oya'jzifh xlaxmifjcif;ESifhzJG@pnf;ðy&rnf? (5) vkHðcHa&;wyfzJG@rsm;onf zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya't&ESifh tjynfjynfqkdif&m xkH;

wrf;"avhO ya'ESifh orRwEkdifiHtay: ouf0ifr_±Sdaeaom tjynfjynfqkdif&m pmcsKyf pmwef;rsm;tygt0if Oya't&vkyfaqmif&rnfESifh ‚if;wkd@tzJG@0ifrsm;tm; oif=um; ay;jcif;ESifhvkyfapjcif;tm; aqmif±Guf&rnf?

(6) xif±Sm;aeaom w&m;r0iftrdef@wpkHw&mtm; rnfonfhvkHðcHa&;wyfzJG@. tzJG@0ifw pkHwOD;ur# vkdufemjcif;rðy&?

(7) vkHðcHa&;wyfzJG@rsm;onf‚if; ,if;wkd@. tzJG@0ifrsm;onf‚if; wm0efrsm;tm; vkyfaqmif &mwGif (u) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya't& w&m;0ifjzpfaom EkdifiHa&;ygwDwcktm; buf

vkdufjcif; odk@r[kwf (c) xyfqifh+yD; EkdifiHa&;ygwDwcktm; axmufcHaqmif±Gufay;jcif; tm;rðyvkyf&? (*) azgufxGif;jrifEkdifr_ESifh wm0efcHr_ tajccHoabmw&m;t&trsdK;om; Oya'okd@r

[kwf ygvDrefpnf;rsOf;Oya'ESifh trdef@rsm;.vkyf enf;vkyf[eft& ygwDpkHyg vDref aumfr±Sifrsm;rS vkHðcHa&;wyfzJG@tm;vkH;tay: }uD;=uyfr_±dS&rnf?

umuG,fa&; 200? (1) umuG,fa&;wyfzJG@tm;pnf;urf;xdef;odrf;aom ppfwyftjzpf zJG@pnf;ay;jcif;ESifh uGwf

uJtkyf csKyfjcif;ðy &rnf? (2) umuG,fa&;wyfzJG@. t"du&nfrSef;csufrSm orRwEkdifiH ,if;.ykdifeufe,fajr*k%f

oduQmESifh ,if;.jynf olvlxktm; zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKkyfykHtajccHOya't& ESifh tiftm; tokH;ðyr_qkdif&m tjynfjynfqkdif&m Oya't&ESifhtif;tm;tokH;ðyr_qkdif&m tjynfjynf qkdif &mOya'ed,mr ESifhtnD ckcHumuG,f&efESifhwm;qD;ay;&efjzpfonf?

EkdifiHa&;wm0ef 201? (1) 0ef}uD;tzJG@0ifwOD;onf umuG,fa&;tm;wm0ef,l&rnf?

(2) orRwomv#if trsdK;om;pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_. acgif;aqmiftaejzifh umuG,fa&;wyftm; (u) &JwyfzJG@ESifhyl;aygif;vkyfaqmifjcif; (c) orRwEkdifiHtm;ckcHumuG,fjcif; okd@r[kwf (*) tjynfjynfqkdif&m vkdufemvkyfaqmif&ef±Sdaomt&mtm; jznf;pGufay;jcif;ukd

vkyf ykdif cGifhay;Ekdif onf? (3) yk'frcJG (2).&nfrSef;csufw&yf&yftwGufumuG,fa&;wyfzJG@tm; ckdif;apaomtcgwGif

orRw onfygvDreftm;

Page 95: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

95(u) umuG,fa&;wyfzJG@tm;ckdif;apjcif;. ta=umif;t&mrsm; (c) wyfzJG@tm;ckdif;aponfh rnfonfhae&mrqkd (*) yg0ifywfoufaeolrsm; ta&twGufESifh (C) wyfzJG@tm;ckdif;aprnfhar#mfvifh&aom umvwkd@tm; csufjcif;ESifh avsmfuefaom

tao; pdwfrsm;jzifh ta=umif;=um;&rnf? (4) yk'frcJG(2)wGif&nfpl;az:jyxm;onfhtwdkif; umuG,fa&;wyfzJG@tm; ckdif;apaomae@&ufrS

(7) twGif;wGif ygvDreftpnf;ta0; xkdifjcif;r±Sdygu orRwonf yk'frcJG (3)wGif yg±Sdaom today;&efvkdtyfaomta=umif;t&mrsm;tm; avsmfuefaom}uD;=uyf a&;aumfrwDtm; today; &rnf?

umuG,fa&;wyfzJG@tm;uGyfuJr_ 202? (1) orRwonf trsdK;om;pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_. t}uD;tuJtaejzifh umuG,fa&;wyfzJG@. OD;pD;

csKyfjzpf+yD; umuG,f a&;wyfzJG@. ppfuGwfuJr_udkcef@tyf&rnf? (2) umuG,fa&;wyf. uGwfuJr_tm; orRw. vkyfykdifcGifhtm%m vufwGifumuG,fa&;

twGuf wm0efcH&aom 0ef}uD;.tzJG@0if. nGef=um;r_rsm;t&usifhokH;&rnf?

trsdK;om;umuG,fa&;tajctae 203? (1) orRwonf trsdK;om;pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_. t}uD;tuJtaejzifh trsdK;om;umuG,fa&; t

ajctaetm;xkwf jyefa=ujimEdkif+yD; ygvDreftm; (u) xkwfjyefa=ujim&jcif;. ta=umif;&if;rsm; (c) umuG,fa&;wyfzJG@tm; ckdif;apxm;onfh rnfonfhae&m (*) yg0ifywfoufaeolrsm;ta&twGuf - wkd@tm; csufjcif;ESifh avsmfuefaomtao;pdwfrsm;jzifh ta=umif;=um;&rnf?

(2) trsdK;om;umuG,fa&;tajctaexkwf jyefa=ujimaomtcsdefonf ygvDref tpnf; a0;xkdif aomumv r[kwfygu ygvDreftxl;udpP tpnf;ta0;tm; xkwfjyefa=u jimjcif;ðyaomae@rS (7)&uftwGif;orRwrS ac:,lay;&rnf?

(3) trsdK;om;umuG,fa&; tajctaexkwfjyefa=ujcmcsufw&yfonf xkwfjyefa=ujim aomae@rS (7)&uftwGif; ygvDrefrS oabmwlcGifhðyjcif;r±Sdygu,if;umuG,fa&;t ajctaexkwfjyef a=ujimr_onf ysufjy,fonf?

t&yfom;umuG,fa&;twGif;0ef±kH; 204? umuG,fa&;qkdif&m t&yfom;twGif;0ef±kH;wcktm; umuG,fa&;wm0efcH0ef}uD; tzJG@.

nGef=um; r_atmufwGifvkyfief;vkyfaqmif&eftwGuf trsdK;om;Oya'jzifh zJG@pnf;wnf axmifay;&rnf?

&J 205? (1) trsdK;om; &JwyfzJG@tm; trsdK;om; pD&ifpkESifh qDavsmfr_±Sdaom a'owGif a'oqkdif&mt

t0dk;t0ef;rsm;wGif vkyfief;vkyfaqmif&ef zJG@pnf;ay;&rnf?

Page 96: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

96(2) trsdK;om;Oya'jzifh &JwyfzJG@. tm%mrsm;ESifh vkyfief;rsm;tm;wnf aqmufay;&

rnfjzpf+yD; pD&ifpkrsm;. vkdtyfr_rsm;tm;xnf@0ifwGufcsuf+yD; ,if;wkd@onf &JwyfzJG@rS‚if; wkd@. wm0ef0wW&m;rsm;tm; vkyf aqmif&mwGifxda&mufapr_±Sd&rnf?

(3) &JwyfzJG@. &nfrsef;csufrsm;rSm jypfr_rsm;tm; wm;jrpfjcif; wdkufyJG0ifjcif;ESifh pkHprf; ppfaq;jcif;ESifh jynfol@Oya'pkd;rkd;a&;tm; xdef;odrf;&ef orRwEkdifiH. rSDwif;aexkdif olrsm;ESifh ‚if;wkd@ykdifqkdif ypPnf;rsm;tm; tumuG,fay;&efESifh vkHðcHr_±Sdap&efESifh Oya'tm;xdefodrf;&efvkdufemaqmif ±Gufapjcif;rsm;jzpfonf?

EkdifiHa&;wm0ef 206? (1) 0ef}uD;tzJG@0ifwOD;onf &Jvkyfief;udpPtm; wm0ef,l&rnf jzpf+yD; pD&ifpkrsm; pDrH

uGwfuJr_tzJG@ rsm;. &Jvkyfief;vkdtyfr_ESifh OD;pm;ay;r_rsm;xnfh0ifwGufcsufI trsdK;om;&Jvkyfief;rlvrf;pOf tm;qkH;jzwf&rnf jzpfonf?

(2) toD;oD;aompD&ifpkrsm;. &Jvkyfief;vkdtyfr_ESifh OD;pm;ay;r_rsm;tm; xnfh0ifwGuf csuf+yD; trsdK;om;&J vkyfief;rlvrf;pOfwGif toD;oD;aom pD&ifpkrsm;ESifh vkdufavsm nDaxG±dS a&twGufr wloD;jcm;rlvrf;pOf rsm;tm;jyXmef;ay;Ekdifonf?

(3) pD&ifpkwckjcif;onf (u) &JpDrHaqmif±Gufr_tm;pDppfjcif; (c) &JwyfzJG@. tpD&ifcHv$mrsm;tm; vufcHjcif;tygt0if &[email protected];xd

a&mufr_ESifh pGrf;aqmifEkdifjcif;wkd@tm; }uD=uyfjcif; (*) &JESifh jynfolpyf=um; aumif;rGefaomqufqHa&;tm; ajrawmifajrSmufay;jcif; (C) jrifEkdifawG@Ekdifaom&Jvkyfief;rsm;. xda&mufr_tm; tuJjzwfqkH;jzwfjcif;ESifh (i) jypfr_qkdif&m &Jvkyfief;wGif wm0efcHaom0ef}uD;tzJG@0ifeSifh pD&ifpktwGif; &Jvkyf

ief; aqmif±Gufjcif;tm; qufoG,fay;jcif; - wkd@tm;&ykdifcGifh±Sdonf? (4) pD&ifpkpDrH tkyfcsKyfr_tzJG@onf &Jvkyfief;aqmif±Gufr_rsm;jzpfaom

(u) Ttcef;wGifowfrSwfay;xm;onfrsm; (c) trsdK;om;Oya't& ‚if;tm; aqmif±Guf&ef v$Jtyfxm;onfrsm;ESifh (*) trsdK;om; &Jvkyfief;rlvrf;pOfrS ‚if;tm; cJGa0xm;onfrsm; - twGufwm0ef±Sdonf?

(5) yk'frcJG (3)wGifaz:jyxm;aom vkyfief;rsm;vkyfaqmif&eftwGufpD&ifpkwckonf? (u) &J.pGrf;aqmifEkdifr_r±Sdjcif;ESifh oufqkdifaomwkdifwef;csufw&yfokd@r[kwf&JESifh

jynfol=um;qufqH a&;ðyduGJysufpD;jcif;tm; axmufvSrf;pkHprf; jcif;okd@r[kwf pkHprf;a&;aumf r±Sifw&yfukdcef@tyfjcif; tm;vkyfEkdifonf?

(c) &Jvkyfief;qkdif&m0ef}uD;tzJG@ 0iftm; t}uHðyr_rsm;vkyfaqmif&rnf? (6) pD&ifpkpDrHtkyfcsKyfr_tzJG@rS wifoGif;aom wkdifwef;r_w&yftm; vufcH&±Sd&mwGiftrsdK;

om; Oya't&zJG@pnf;wnfaxmifaom vGyfvyfonfh&Jwkdifwef;r_rsm;tzJG@wzJG@onf pD&ifpk.&JwyfzJG@0ifwOD;.tusifh oduQmysufjym;jcif; okd@r[kwf tjypfuusL; vGefr_pGJ qkdr_w&yf&yftm;axmuf vSrf;pkHprf;&rnf?

(7) jrLeDpyg,f&JwyfzJG@rsm;. wnfaxmifr_ tm%mrsm;vkyfief;rsm;ESifh xdef;csKyfr_qkdif &mabmifw cktm; trsdK;om; Oya'rS vkyfaqmifay;&rnf/

(8) &Jvkyfief;qkdif&m 0ef}uD;tzJG@0ifESifh pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_aumifpDrsm;. tzJG@0ifrsm;yg0ifaom aumfrwDw&yftm; tpkd;&t0ef;twGif; &JwyfzJG@. qufpyfvkyfaqmifr_ xda&muf r_±Sdap&efESifh nSdE_dif;vkyfaqmifr_ xda&muf ap&eftwGuf zJG@pnf;wnfaxmifay;&rnf/

Page 97: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

97(9) pD&ifpkOya'ðytzJG@wzJG@onf pD&ifpk. aumfr±Sifrif;}uD;tm; oufaocHxGufqdkapjcif;

okd@r[kwf ,if;. rnfonfhaumfrwDtm;rqkd ar;cGef;rsm; ajz=um;apr_twGuf qifhac: Ekdifonf?

&JwyfzJG@tm;xdef;csKyfjcif; 207? (1) orRwonf trsdK;om;pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_. t}uD;tuJtaejzifh &JwyfzJG@tm;xdef;csKyf&ef

ESifh}uD; =uyf &eftwGuftrsdK;orD;wOD; okd@r[kwftrsdK;om;wOD;tm; trsdK;om;&J wyfzJG@aumfr±Sifrif;}uD; tjzpfcef@tyf &rnf?

(2) trsdK;om;aumfr±Sifrif;}uD;onf &JwyfzJG@tm;xdef;csKyfjcif;tm; usifhokH;r_ESifh pDrHtkyfcsKyf r_tm; trsdK;om;&Jvkyfief;rlvrf;pOfESifh &Jvkyfief;wGifwm0efcHaom 0ef}uD;tzJG@0if. nGef=um;r_rsm;t& aqmif±Guf&rnf?

(3) trsdK;om;aumfr±Sifrif;}uD;ESifh pD&ifpkpDrHtkyfcsKyfr_tzJG@wkd@onf xyfwlðy+yD; trsdK;orD; wOD;okd@r[kwf trsdK;om;wOD;tm; ,if;pD&ifpk. aumfr±Sifrif;}uD;tjzpfcef@tyfr_tay: oabmwl nDr_oabmwlr&Ekdifygu &Jvkyfief;wm0efcH0ef}uD;tzJG@0ifrS ‚if;wkd@t=um; aqG;aEG;nSdEkdif;ay;r_ ukdaqmif±Guf&rnf?

(4) pD&ifpkrsm;. aumfr±Sifrif;}uD;rsm;onf [email protected]&mpD&ifpktwGif; (u) trsdK;om;Oya'. jyXmef;ay;r_t&ESifh (c) yk'frcJG (2)t&trsdK;om;aumfr±Sifrif;}uD;tm;&JwyfzJG@tay:xdef;csKyfjcif;ESifh pDrH

tkyfcsKyf jcif; usifhokH;r_twGuftm%mvufatmufcHt& -&Jvkyfief;qkdif &mrsm;tay:wm0ef ±Sdonf?

(5) pD&ifpkaumfr±Sifrif;}uD;onf pD&ifpktwGif;&Jvkyfief;aqmif±Gufr_tm;pD&ifpk. pDrHtkyf csKyfr_tzJG@okd@wESpf w}udrftpD&ifcH&rnfjzpf+yD; rdwWLwapmiftm; trsdK;om;aumfr±Sif r[mrif;}uD;xH ay;ykd@&rnf?

(6) pD&ifpkaumfr±Sif rif;}uD;onf pD&ifpkpDrHtkyfcsKyfr_tzJG@. t,kHt=unf±Sdr_ tm;qkH;±_H; ygu ,if;pD&ifpk pDrHtkyfcsKyfa&;tzJG@onf ,if;aumfr±Sifrif;}uD;tm;&mxl;rS xkwf y,fjcif;okd@r[kwf ajymif;a±$@jcif;tjypf,lta&;,ljcif;twGufqDav#mfr_±Sdaom vkyfxkH; vkyfenf;rsm;tm;trsdK;Oy a't& wnfaxmifEkdifonf?

t&yfom;&JtwGif;0ef±kH; 208? &JwyfzJG@qkdif&m t&yfom;twGif0ef±kH;wcktm; &Jvkyfief;wm0efcH 0ef}uD;tzJG@0if. nGef=um;

r_atmufwGif vkyfief;vkyfaqmif&eftwGuf trsdK;om;Oya'jzifh zJG@pnf;wnfaxmif ay;&rnf?

axmufvSrf;a&; axmufvSrf;a&;wyfzJG@rsm;xlaxmifr_ESifhxdef;csKyfr_

Page 98: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

98209? (1) umuG,fa&;wyfzJG@ okd@r[kwf&JwyfzJG@. axmufvSrf;a&;wyfukdrqkd orRwrStrsdK;om;

pDrHtkyf csKyfr_. OD; pD;tjzpfESifhtrsdK;om;Oya't& omxlaxmifEkdifonf? (2) orRwonftrsdK;om;pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_. OD;pD;tjzpfyk'frcGJ (2)t& xlaxmifaom axmuf

vSrf;a&;wyfzJG@wckpD. OD;pD;tjzifhtrsdK;orD;wOD;okd@r[kwftrsdK;om;wOD;ukd cef@tyf& rnfjzpf+yD; ,if;wyfzJG@rsm;. rnfonfhtzJG@tm;rqkd xdef;csKyfr_ESifh nGef=um;r_EkdifiH a&;wm0eftm; wm0ef,ljcif; okd@r[kwf 0ef}uD;tzJG@0ifwOD;OD;tm; wm0ef,lap&ef owfrSwfwm0efay;jcif;tm; aqmif±Guf&rnf?

tm%mrsm; vkyfief;rsm;ESifh pDppfjcif; 210? trsdK;om;Oya'onf umuG,fa&;wyfzJG@okd@r[kwf &JwyfzJG@. axmufvSrf;a&;tpdwf

tykdif;rsm;tygt0if axmufvSrf;a&;wyfzJG@rsm;. &nfrSef;csufrsm;tm%mrsm;ESifh vkyfief;rsm;tm; vkyfenf;qkdif&m pnf;rsOf;wkd@tm; owfrSwfay;&rnf? jzpf+yD; (u) axmufvSrf;a&;wyfzJG@rsm;nSdE_dif;vkyfaqmifr_ESifh (c) orRwrSpDrHtkyfcsKyftzJG@. OD;pD;taejzifhcef@tyf+yD; trsdK;om;v$wfawmf. zJG@0if

rsm;.tenf;qkH; okH;ykHESpfykHaxmufcHrJ&±Sdaom qkH;jzwfcsufjzifh oabmwlay; aomppfaq;a&;r_. ,if;wyfzJG@rsm;vkyfief; aqmif±Gufr_tm;t&yfom;pDppfr_ -wkd@tm;jyXgef;ay;&rnf?

tcef;(12)

tpOftvmacgif;aqmifrsm; todtrSwfðyjcif; 211? (1) "avhxkH;wrf;Oya't& tpOftvmacgif;aqmifrsm;. zJG@pnf;wnfaqmufr_jzpfpOf/

tqifh twef;ESifh tykdif;u¾tm; zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHESifhtnD todtrSwfðyonf? (2)"avxkH;wrf;Oya'pepfwcktm; apmifhxdef;aom tpOftvmacgif;aqmifr_wOD;onf

,if; "avhrsm;tm; jyifqifjcif;rsm;ESifh ±kyfodrf;jcif;rsm;tygt0if usifhokH;r_ðyEkdifaom Oya'ESifh"avhxkH;wrf; wkd@ESifhtnDvkyfaqmifEkdifonf?

(3) w&m;±kH;rsm;onf zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'ESifh "avhxkH;wrf;Oya'qkdif&mtxl;Oya' w&yf&yf t&tokH;ðyI&aom"avhxkH; Oya'tm; usifhokH;&rnf?

tpOftvmacgif;aqmifrsm;. tykdif;u¾

Page 99: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

99212? (1) trsdK;om;Oya'onf a'ojynfolrsm;ESifh ywfoufaeaomta&;udpPrsm;wGif tpOft

vmacgif;aqmifr_. a'otwGif;tykdif;u¾tm; zJG@pnf;wnfaxmifr_jzpfpOf wckt jzpfjyXgef;ay; Ekdifonf?

(2) tpOftvmacgif;aqmifr_/ tpOftvmacgif;aqmifrsm;. tykdif;u¾/ xkH;"avhO ya'ESifh xkH;"avhOya'rsm; apmifhxdefr_qkdif&m vl@tzJG@tpnf; xkH;"avhqkdif&mta&; udpPrsm;tm; ukdifwG,f &eftwGuf (u) trsdK;om;Oya' okd@r[kwf pD&ifpkOya'rS tpOftvmacgif;aqmifrsm;twGuf Oy

a'ðy v$wfawmfrsm;wnfaxmifr_twGuf jyXgef;ay;Ekdifonf? (c) trsdK;om;Oya'rS tpOftvmacgif;aqmifrsm; aumifpDtm; wnfaxmifEkdifonf?

tcef;(13)

b¾ma&; taxGaxGb¾ma&;udpPrsm;

trsdK;om;tcGefawmf&HykHaiG 213? (1) ygvDreftufOya'w&yfjzifh v#mxm;aomaiGrSwyg; trsdK;om;tpkd;&rS vufcH&±Sdaom

aiG tm; vkH;wdk@tm; ay;oGif;&eftwGuftrsdK;om;tcGefawmf&HykHaiG wck±Sdonf? (2) trsdK;om;tcGefawmf&HykHaiGrS aiGrsm;tm;

(u) ygvDreftufOya'w&yft& oDjcm;owfrSwfay;jcif;w&yf okd@r[kwf

Page 100: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

100(c) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya' odk@r[kwf ygvDreftufOya'w&yfjzifh trsdK;om;

tcGef awmf&HykHaiGokd@ wkduf±kduftzkd;tctjzpf awmif;qkdxm;r_w&yfwGifomxkwf ,lEkdifonf?

(3) trsdK;om;0efaqmifr_jzifh rwnfay;aompD&ifpkwck.r#waom tcGefawmfaiGa0pkonf trsdK;om;tcGefawmfaiG&HykHaiGokd@ wkduf±kduftzkd;tctjzpf awmif;qkdxm; r_w&yfjzpf onf?

w&m;r#wa0pkrsm;ESifh tcGefawmfaiGtm;oD;jcm;owfrSwfay;jcif; 214? (1) ygvDreftufOya'w&yfonf

(u) trsdk;om;0ef aqmifr_jzifh rwnfay;aom tcGefawmfaiGtm; trsdk;om; pD&ifpkESifh a'ot0ef;tpkd;&tm; w&m;r#waom cJGa0ay;r_

(c) ,if;tcGefawmfaiGa0pkrS pD&ifpkwckjcif;pD. w&m;r#waoma0pktm; tqkH; tjzwfay;jcif;

(*) ,if;tcGefawmfaiG. trsdK;om;tpkd;&. a0pkrSpD&ifpkrsm; a'otpkd;&ESifh jrLeDp yg,f tkyfcsKyfa&;tzJG@ rsm;okd@ tjcm;rnfonfh oD;jcm;owfrSwfay;r_tm;tqkdESifh ,if;okd@aomo;Djcm;owfrSwfay;jcif;twGuf vkdtyfaom rnfonfhowfrSwf csufrsm;tm;rqkd

- jyXgef;ay;&rnf? (2) yk'frcJG (1)wGifnGef;xm;aom tufOya'tm; pD&ifpktpkd;&rsm; wnfaxmifxm;aom

a'o tpkd;&ESifh b¾ma&;ESifh tcGefawmfaumfr±Sif. t}uHðycsufrsm;tm; xnfha0pOf;pm;+yD;rS om Oy'jyXgef;&rnfjzpf+yD; (u) trsdK;om;. tusdk;aus;Zl; (c) trsdK;om;ta=uG;aiGESifh tjcm;trsdK;om;rSvkdufemvkyfaqmif&ef vkdtyfr_rsm;

axmufxm;+yD;wm;±Sd &rnfh rnfonfhowfrSwfxm;csuftm;rqkd (*) &nfrSef;csufrSwfausmufrsm;jzifh qkH;jzwfr_ay;aom trsdK;om;tpkd;&. vkdtyfr_

rsm;ESifhtusdL;aus;Zl;rsm;? (C) pD&ifpkrsm;ESifh jrLeDpyg,ftkyfcsKyfa&;tzJG@rsm;onf tajccHvkyfief;aqmif±Gufr_rsm;

tm;ay;aqmifEkdifjcif;ESifh ‚if;wkd@tm;oD;jcm;owf rSwfay;xm;aomvkyfief;rsm; tm;vkyfaqmif Ekdifjcif;tm; tmrcHay;r_vkdtyfcsuf?

(i) pD&ifpkrsm;ESifhjrLeDpyg,ftkyfcsKyfa&;tzJG@rsm;. tcGefawmfaiGpGrf;tifESifh pGrf;aqmif Ekdiftm;?

(p) pD&ifpkrsm; a'otpkd;&ESifh jrLeDpyg,ftkyfcsKyfa&;tzJG@rsm;. zHG@jzdK;a&;ESifh tjcm;vkd tyfr_rsm;?

(q) pD&ifpkrsm;twGif;ESifh pyf=um;pD;yGm;a&;rnDr#r_? (Z) trsdK;om;Oya't& pD&ifpkrsm;ESifhjrLeDpyg,ftkyfcsKyfa&;tzJG@rsm;rS jznfhwif;&rnf h

wm 0efrsm;? (ps) tcGefawmfaiGa0pkoD;jcm;cJGa0ay;r_. wnf+rJjcif;ESifh =udKwifrSef;qEkdifaom vkd tif

qEN? (n) ta&;ay:tajctaersm; tay:okd@r[kwf ,m,Dvkdtyfr_tay:ESifh tvm;wl

ar#mfrSef;csuf pHnGef;rsm;tay:tajccHaomtcsuftvufrsm;tay: vkdwkd;ykdav#mh vkdtyfr_?

- wkd@tm;xnfh0ifwGufcsuf&rnf?

Page 101: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

101

trsdK;om; pD&ifpkESifh jrLeDpyg,fcef@rSef;&okH;aiGpm&if;rsm; 215? (1) trsdK;om; pD&ifpkESifh jrLeDpyg,fcef@rSef;&okH;aiGpm&if;ESifh cef@rSef;&okH;aiG vkyfaqmifr_rsm;

onf =unfvifr_/ wm0efcHr_ESifh pD;yGm;a&; a=uG;rDESifh vlxkb¾mtm;xda&mufap aom pDrHuGwfuJr_tm; ajrawmif ajrmufay;&rnf?

(2) trsdK;om; Oya'onf (u) trsdK;om; pD&ifpkESifhjrLeDpyg,fcef@rSef;&okH;aiGpm&if;rsm;.ykHpH? (c) trsdK;om;ESifh pD&ifpkcef@rSef;&okH;aiGpm&if;tm;jyKpkay;&rnfhumv? (*) tpkd;&puf0ef;wckjcif;. cef@rSef;&okH;aiGpm&if;rsm;onf tcGefawmf&±Sdrnfht&yfESifh

tqdkjyKtokH;p&dwfrsm;onf trsdK;om;Oya'ESifh rnfokd@rnfykH vkdufemvkyf aqmif r_±Sd rnfjzpf jcif;ay:jyr_? - wkd@tm;jy Xmef;ay;&rnf/

(3) tpkd;&puf0ef;wckpD. cef@rSef;&okH;aiGwckjcif;wGif (u) &if;ESD;jr_yfESHaiGESifh aiGpm&if;±SifESpfckwdk@tm;cJGtm; cJGjcm;+yD;tcGefawmfaiGESifh okH;

pGJjcif;&m xm;r_? (c) ‚if;[email protected];}udKwifrSef;q&aom rnfonfhvkdaiGtm;rqkd aiG

a=u;axmufyHh&ef tqdk+yKjcif;rsm;ESifh? (*) aiGacs;jcif;ESifhtjcm;jynfolvlxk. a±S@vmrnfhwGifta=uG;wifr_tm; wkd;apEkdif

onfh aqmif±GufnGef jycsufw&yf? – rsm;yg0if&rnf?

b¾maiGxdef;csKyfjcif; 216? (1) trsdK;om; Oya'onf trsdK;om; b¾maiGXgewcktm;wnfaxmif ay;&rnfjzpf+yD;

(u) trsm;vufcHtodtrSwfðypm&if;ukdifvkyfief;usifhokH;r_ (c) wrsdK;wnf;aomokH;pJGjcif; trsdK;tpm;owfrSwfr_? (*) wrsdK;wnf;aom b¾maiG Xmeonf trsdK;om;b¾maiGykHpHrsm;ESifh pHE_ef;rsm;?

- wkd@tm;tokH;ðyjcif; jzifh tpkd;&puf0ef;wqifhjcif;. =unfvifr_ESifh okH;aiGxdef;csKyf r_ESpf&yfpvkH;tay: tmrcHay;aom vkyfaqmifr_rsm;tm; jyXmef; ay;&rnf?

(2) trsdK;om;b¾maiGXmeonf trsdK;om; b¾maiGa&;&mwm0efcH0ef}uD;tzJG@0ifESifh xyfwl r_ðyI EkdifiH. ,EW&m;wckokd@&HykHaiGrsm; v$Jajymif;ay;jcif;ukd yk'frcJG (1)wGif csrSwf xm;aomta=umif; t&mrsm;tm; tvGeftu|Hr_okd@r[kwf qufvuf±kyf0wWKcsdK;azgufr_ wGif om&yf qkdif;Ekdifonf?

(3) pD&ifpkwckokd@&HykHaiGrsm; v$Jajymif;ay;jcif;&yfqkdif;r_ qkH;jzwfcsufw&yftm; yk'frcJG (2) t&om vkyfaqmifEkdfi+fyD; (u) &HykHaiGrsm;v$Jajymif;ay;jcif;tm;&ufaygif; (120)xuf ykdI&yfqdkif;r_rvkyfEkdifESifh (c) csufjcif;usifhokH;r_ vkyfaqmifEkdiffonf? okd@aomfygvDrefrS yk'fr 76(1)wGif owfrSwfjy

Xmef;ay;xm;onfh vkyfaqmifr_wqifhtwkdif;ESifh ygvDref.yl;wGJpnf;rSOf;Oya'ESifh trdef@ rsm;twkdif;vkyf aqmif&mwGif ðyr_r&aomf aemufa=umif; jyefysufy,f r_jzpf aprnf?

(4) yk'frcJG (3)wGiftwnfðyowfrSwfxm;csufrsm;t& &HykHaiGrsm;v$Jajymif;ay;jcif; &yfqkdif; r_tm;w }udrfv#if &ufaygif; (120)wkd;Ekdifonf?

(5)ygvDrefonf pD&ifpkwckokd@&HykHaiGrsm; v$Jajymif;ay;jcif;tm; twnfðyoabmwlay;jcif; okd@r [kwf xyfwkd;jcif; qkH;jzwfcsufw&yftm; rvkyfaqmifrSDwGif (u) pm&if;ppfcsKyfonf ygvDref okd@tpD&ifcH&rnf? xkd@jyif

Page 102: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

102(c) pD&ifpkonf aumfrwDwcka±S@arSmufwGif rdrdty:pGwfpGJr_ pJGxm;r_tm; jyefvnf

ajzqkdjcif; tcGifhta&; ESifh ‚if;.tr_tm; tpD&ifcHjcif;tcGifhay;&rnf?

&,ljcif; 217? (1) trsdK;om; pD&ifpkodk@r[kwfa'o puf0ef;tpkd;&. ,EW,m;wck okd@r[kwf trsdK;om;

Oya'wGif az:xm;aom rnfonfhzJG@pnf;wnfaqmufr_rqkd ukefypPnf; okd@r[kwf 0efxrf;jcif;oabm wlnDr_ pmcsKyfrsm;vkyf &mwGifr#waom w&m;aom=unfvif aom ,SOfðydifaomESifhukefus jcif;xda&mufaom pepfw&yft& vkyfaqmif&rnf?

(2) yk'frcJG (1)onf tpkd;&,EW,m;tzJG@rsm; okd@r[kwf zJG@pnf;wnf axmifr_rsm;tm; ,if;yk'frcJGwGifnGef;xm;aom (u) oabmwlpmcsKyfrsm;. owfrSwfxm;ay;jcif;OD;pm;ay;trsdK;tpm;rsm;ESifh (c) rw&m;tqifhtwef;cJGjcm;r_a=umifh tusdK;qkwf,kwfr_cHae&aom vlyk*~dKvft

rsdK;tpm; rsm;tm;tumtuG,fay;jcif;okd@r[kwf wkd;wufapjcif;? - wkd@tm;t aumiftxnfaz: vkyfaqmifr_udk rwm;qD;ay?

(3) trsdK;om;Oya'onf yk'frcJG (2)wGif nGef;xm;r_rsm;tm; taumiftxnfaz:vkyf aqmifr_ vrf;pOftajccHwcktm; jyxm;ay;&rnf?

tpkd;&tmrcHay;r_rsm; 218? (1) trsdK;om;tpkd;& pD&ifpktpkd;& odk@r[kwfjrLeDpyg,ftkyfcsKyfa&;tzJG@wzJG@onf acs;aiGwck

tm;tmrcHr_ay;&mwGif trsdK;om;Oya'wGif csrSwfxmaom owfrSwfcsufrsm;ESifh ukdufnDr_±SdrSom v#iftmrcHEkdifonf?

(2) yk'frcJG (1)wGifnGef;xm;aom trsdK;om;Oya'tm; t¾ma&;ESifh tcGefawmfaumf r±Sif.t qkdðyr_rsm; tm;pOf;pm;wGufcsuf+yD;rSomv#if Oya'jyXmef;Ekdifonf?

(3) tpkd;&wkdif;onf rdrday;xm;aom tmrcHay;xm;r_wkd@tm; wESpfv#ifw}udrftpD &ifcHykHESdyf xkwfa0&rnf?

jynfol@0efxrf;&mxl;rsm;wGifwm0efxrf;aqmifolrsm;twGuftcay;jcif; 219? (1) ygvDreftufOya'w&yfonf

(u) trsdK;om;v$wfawmf tzJG@0ifrsm; pD&ifpkrsm;trsdK;om;aumifpD t+rJwef;ukd,fpm; vnfrsm; 0ef}uD;tzJG@0ifrsm; 'kwd,0ef}uD;rsm; tpOftvmacgif;aqmifrsm;ESifh tpOftvm acgif;aqmifrsm; aumifpD. tzJG@0ifrsm;. vpmrsm;ykHaoaxmuf yHhaiGrsm;ESifh tusdK;cHpm; cGifhrsm;?

(c) pD&ifpk Oya'ðytzJG@rsm;. tzJG@0ifrsm; tkyfcsKyfa&;aumifpDtzJG@0ifrsm;ESifh jrLeDpyg,f aumifpDtrsdK;tpm;toD;oD;[email protected]@0ifrsm;. tjrifhqkH;vpmrsm; ykHaoaxmuf yHhaiGrsm; ESifh tusdK;cH pm;cGifhrsm;? - tm;qkH;jzwfay&eftwGuf tajccHabmif wcktm; wnfaxmif ay;&rnf?

(2) trsdK;om;Oya'onf yk'frcJG (1)wGif nGef;xm;aomvpmrsm; ykHaoaxmufyHhaiGrsm;ESifh tusdK; cHpm;cGifhrsm; ESifhywfoufaomtqkdðyr_rsm; vkyf&eftwGuf vGwfvyfaom aumfr±Sif wcktm; wnfaxmifay;&rnf?

Page 103: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

103(3) ygvDrefonf yk'frcJG (1)wGifnGef;xm;aom Oya'tm; yk'frcJG (2) t& wnfaxmifay;

xm;aom aumfr±Sif. tqkdðycsufrsm;tm; pOfpm;wGufcsuf+yD;rSomv#if twnfðy Ekdifonf?

(4) trsdK;om;tkyfcsKyfa&; pD&ifpkwcktkyfcsKyfa&; jrLeDpyg,fwcktkyfcsKyfa&; tzJG@okd@r[kwf tjcm; rnfonfh pyfqkdifaom tm%mykdifrqkd yk'frcJG (1)wGif&nfnGef;xm;aom trsdK;om;Oya'tm; yk'frcJG (2)t&wnfaxmifay;xm;aom aumfr±Sif.tqkd csufrsm;tm; pOf;pm;wGufq+yD;rSom v#if taumifxnfaz:vkyfaqmifEkdifonf?

(5) trsdK;om; Oya'onf w&m;ol}uD;rsm; jynfolumuG,fay;ol pm&if;csKyfESifh yk'fr 192wGif &nfnGef;xm;aomtoHvGifhtm%mykdiftygt0if zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOy a'wGif jyXmef; xm;aomaumfr±Sifw&yf&yf. tzJG@0ifrsm;.vpmrsm; ykHaoaxmufyHh aiGrsm;ESifh tusdK;cHpm; cGifhrsm;tm;qkH;jzwf ay;&eftwGuf tajccHabmifwcktm; wnf axmifay;&rnf?

b¾ma&;ESifhtcGefawmfaumfr±Sif zJG@pnf;wnfaxmifjcif;ESifhvkyfief;rsm; 220? (1) Ttcef;okd@r[kwf trsdK;om;Oya'wGif&mxm;owfrSwfxm;aom tqkdðywkd@tm;

ygvDref okd@‚if; pD&ifpk Oya'ðytzJG@rsm;okd@‚if;ESifh trsdK;om;Oya'jzifh qkH;jzwfay; xm;aom rnfonf h tm%mykdifrsm;okd@‚if;ðy &eftwGuf orRwEkdifiHtwGuf “ b¾ma&;ESifh tcGefawmfaumf r±Sif” w&yf±Sdonf?

(2) aumfr±Sifonf vGwfvyf+yD; zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'ESifh Oya'tm;omv#if vuf atmufcHjcif;jzpf +yD; w&m;r#w&rnf?

(3) aumfr±Sifonf ygvDreftufOya'w&yft& vkyfaqmif&rnfjzpf+yD;‚if; .vkyfief; rsm;tm;vkyf aqmif&mwGif yk'fr 214 (2)wGif az:jyxm;onfrsm; tygt0ifwufqkdif r_±Sdaom ta=umif;t csufrsm;tm;pOf; pm;wGufq&rnf?

tzJG@0ifrsm;cef@tyfjcif;ESifhumv 221? (1) aumfr±Sifonf orRwrS trsdK;om;tkyfcsKyfa&;OD;pD;taejzifh cef@tyfaomatmufyg

trsdK;orD; rsm;ESifh trsdK;om;rsm;yg0ifonf? (u) tcsdefjynfhtzJG@0ifrsm;jzpf=uaom OuUXwOD;ESifh 'kwd, OuUXwOD; (c) pD&ifpkwckrS yk*~dKvfwOD;omtrnfpm&if;wifoGif;aom pD&ifpktkyfcsKyfa&;aumifpD

wckrS trnfpm&if;wifoGif;olukd;OD; (*) yk'fr 163 t& zJG@pnf;xm;aom a'otpkd;&rStrnfpm&if;wifoGif;olESpfOD;ESifh (C) tjcm;vlyk*~dKvfukd;OD;

(2) aumfr±Sif. tzJG@0ifrsm;onf avsmfuefaomu|rf;usifr_±Sd&rnf? (3) tzJG@0ifrsm;onf trsdK;om;Oya'rS owfrSwfay;aom oufwef;wcktwGufwm0ef

xrf;aqmifonf? orRwonf tzJG@0ifwOD;ukdtusifh oduQmysufjym;jcif;rpGrf;aqmif Ekdiffjcif;okd@r [kwft&nftcsif;rjynfh rDjcif;a=umifh &mxl;rS xkwfy,fEkdiffonf?

Page 104: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

104

tpD&ifcHpmrsm; 222? aumfr±Sifonf ygvDref okd@‚if;ESifh pD&ifpkOya'ðytzJG@rsm; okd@‚if; ykHrSeftpD&ifcH&rnf?

A[kdaiGwkduf (b%f)

xlaxmifjcif; 223? awmiftmz&du oD;oef@b%fonf orRwEkdifiH. A[kdbm%fjzpf+yD; ygvDreftufOya' w&yf.pnf;urf;csufrsm;t& vnfywfonf? t"du&nf;rSef;csuf 224? (1) awmiftmz&du oD;oef@bm%f. t"du&nfrSef;csufrSm orRwEkdifiHwGif;wGif [ef

csufnD+yD; ckdif+rJaom pD;yGg;a&;}uD;xGm;r_tusdK;tvkd@Xg aiGwefbkd;tm;umuG,f&ef &efjzpfonf?

(2) awmiftmz&duoD;oef@bm%fonf ‚if;. t"du&nfrSef;csuf tm; vkyfaqmif &mwGif ‚if;.vkyfief;rsm;tm; vGwfvGwfvyfvyfESifh a=umuf±GhHjcif; rsufESmomay;jcif; okd@r[kwf t*wdr±Sdaqmif±Guf &rnfjzpfonf? okd@aomfb%fESifh trsdK;om;b¾ma&; wm 0efcH0ef}uD;tzJG@0ifESpfOD;t=um; ykHrSef t}uHn%fawmif;cHr_±Sdap&rnf?

tm%mrsm;ESifhvkyfief;rsm; 225? awmiftmz&duoD;oef@bm%f. tm%mrsm;ESifhvkyfief;rsm;rSm A[kdb%frsm;tpOft

vmt& usifhokH;vkyfaqmifonf? ygvDref tufOya'w&yfrS tm%mrsm;ESifh vkyfief;rsm;tm; qkH;jzwfay;&rnfjzpf+yD; ,if;tufOya'rS jyXmef;ay;xm;aomoabm wlcsufrsm;t&usifhokH;jcif; okd@r[kwf vkyfaqmifjcif;udk vkyf&rnf?

pD&ifpkESifh a'ob¾ma&;ta&;udpPrsm; pD&ifpktcGefawmf&HykHaiGrsm; 226? (1) ygvDreftuf Oya'w&yfjzifh v#mxm;aomaiGrSwyg; pD&ifpktpkd;&rS vufcH&aom

aiGtm;vkH;wkd@tm; ay;oGif;&eftwGuf pD&ifpkwckpDtwGufpD&ifpk tcGefawmf&HykHaiG wck±Sdonf?

(2) pD&ifpktcGefawmf&HykHaiGrS aiGrsm;tm;

(u) pD&ifpk tufOya'w&yft& oD;jcm;owfrSwfay;jcif; w&yf okd@r[kwf (c) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOy'okd@r[kwf pD&iftufOya'w&yfjzifh pD&ifpktcGefawmf

&HykHaiG okd@wkduf±kduftzdk;tctjzpfawmif;qkdxm;r_w&yf/ - wGifomxkwf Ekdifonf?

Page 105: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

105(*) yk'fr 214 (1)ygpnf;urf;csufrsm;t& pD&ifpkwckrS wqifh ,if;pD&ifpktwGif; a'

owckokd@ oDjcm;owfrSwfay;aomtcGefaiGonf ,if;pD&ifpktcGefawmf&HykH aiGodk@wkduf±kduftzkd;tc tjzpfawmif;qkdxm;r_w&yfjzpfonf?

trsdK;om;rSvmaom pD&ifpkESifh a'otpkd;&.&HykHaiG 227? (1) a'otpkd;&ESifh pD&ifpkwckjcif;onf

(u) ‚if;rS tajccH0efxrf;r_rsm;tm;ay;aqmifEkdif&efESifh ‚if;tm; oDjcm;owfrSwfay; aom vkyfief;rsm;tm;vkyfaqmifEkdif&eftwGuftrsdK;om;rS rwnfaomtcGef awmfaiGrS r#w aoma0pkwpktm; &±SdykdifcGif±Sdonf? ESifh

(c) trsdK;om;tpkd;& tcGefawmfrS c|if;csufjzifh jzpfap c|if;csufr±Sdaomjzpfaptjcm; aomoD; jcm;owfrSwfay;r_rsm;tm;vufcHEkdifonf?

(2) pD&ifpkrsm;okd@r[kwf jrLeDpyg,fa'orsm;rSxyfqifhrwnf&±Sdaom tcGefaiG&±Sdr_a=umifh ‚if;wkd@rS trsdK;om;rwnfr_jzifh&±Sdaom tcGefawmfa0pkrS okd@r[kwftrsdK;om;tpkd; &tcGef awmfrS ‚if;wkd@tm; tjcm;oD;jcm;owfrSwfay;r_rsm;rS E_wf,ljcif;tm; rðy&? tvm;wlyif ‚if;wkd@. tcGefaiGpGrf;&nfESifh taumufcGeftajccHrS vkdtyfaomtcGef aiGjznfh pGufr_tm; rvkyfaqmif aompD&ifpkrsm; okd@r[kwfjrLeDpyg,fa'orsm;twGuf trsdK;om; tpkd;&rS axrdapr_twGuf vkyfaqmif&efrvGJra±Smifwm0efr±Sday?

(3) yk'fr (216) owfrSwfr_rsm;t& v$Jajymif;r_tm;&yfqkdi;f&aom udpPrsm;rSwyg;pD&ifpk wck. trsdK;om;rwnfaiGrS &±Sdaomr#wonfha0pktm; pD&ifpkokd@csufjcif;ESifh Ekwf,l jcif;r±Sdv$J ajymif;ay&rnf?

(4) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'wGif&nfrSef;jyXgef;xm;aom pD&ifpk. vkdtyfcsufrsmtjyif ‚if;. tjcm;vkdtyfr_rsm;tm;pD&ifpkwckonf ‚if;vkdtyfcsufrsm;twGuf &±SdEkdifaom t&yfrsm;tm; pD&ifpkzJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'wGif jyXgef;csufw&yf tjzpfjyXgef; &rnf?

pD&ifpktcGeftwkwf 228? (1) pD&ifpkwck. Oya'ðytzJG@onf

(u) tcGeftwkwfrsm; tcGefpnf;=uyfjcif;rsm; ESifh0ifaiGcGefrSty tcGeftaumufrsm; wefzkd; qifhwkd;tcGefrSty tcGeftaumufrsm;wefzkd; qifhwkd;tcGef taxGaxGt a&mif;tcGef ykdifqkdifypPnf;tcGef okd@r[kwf taumuftcGefrsm;tm; pnf; =uyfjcif;

(c) aumfykda&;±Sif;0ifaiGtcGef ykdifqdkifypPnf;wefzkd;qifhwkd;tcGef okd@r[kwf taumuf cGefrsm;rS tytrsdK;om;Oya'rSty trsdk;om;Oya'rS pnf;=uyfay;aomrnf onfhtcGefpnf;=uyf jcif;okd@r[kwf taumufcGeftay:xyfqifhykH aoE_ef;tm; pnf; =uyfEkdifonf?

(2) pD&ifwck. Oya'ðytzJG@ tcGefpnf;=uyfjcif; taumufcGefESifh xyfqifhtcGeftm; pnf;=uyf&ef tm%mtm; (u) trsdK;om;pDyGg;a&;pepfrsm; pD&ifpkrsm;e,ferdwfukd jzwfausmfaompD;yGg;a&;vkyf

ief;rsm; okd@r[kwf trsdK;om;. ukefypPnf; 0efxrf;tm;&if;ESD;rwnfaiG okd@r[kwftvkyform; wkd@tm; ±kyf0wWLt&ESifh usdK;a=umif;qDav#mfr_ r±Sdaom xdckdufepfemap jcif;toGiftm; usifhokH;Iy&ay?

Page 106: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

106(c) b¾ma&;a&;ESifh tcGefawmfaumfr±Sif. tqkdðycsufrsm;tm;awG;awmavhvm

+yD;rS Oya'ðyay;aomygvDreftufOya'w&yft&om okH;pJGvnfywfr_jzpf&rnf?

jrLeDpyg,ftcGefawmftm%mrsm;ESifhvkyfief;rsm; 229? (1) yk'frcJG 2(3) ESifh (4)wkd@tm;vufatmufcHI jrLeDpyg,ftkyfcsKyfa&;tzJG@wzJG@onf

(u) ypPnf;ykdifqkdifr_E_H;ESifh jrLeDpyg,ftkyfcsKyfa&;tzJG@rS0efxrf;ay;jcif; okd@r[kwf jrLeDpyg,f tzJG@ukd,fpm;0efxrf;ay;jcif;twGuf tca=u;aiGrsm;tay:aqmif;aiG (tykda=u;)tm; pnf;=uyfEkdifonf?

(c) trsdK;om;Oya'jzifh vkyfykdifcGifhtmv$Jtyfxm;ygu a'otpkd;&okd@r[kwf jrLeDpyg,f e,fajrusa&mufaoma'otpkd;& trsdk;tpm;qkdif &mokd@cJGa0ay;xm; aom tjcm;t aumufrsm; aumufcHaiGrsm;ESifh tcGefrsm;tm; pnf;=uyfEkdif onf? okd@aomfrnfonfhjrL eDpyg,ftkyfcsKyfa&;tzJG@urS 0ifaiGcGefwefzkd;tay: aqmifaiGcGeftaxGaxGta&mif;cGef okd@r[kwf taumufcGeftay:pnf;=uyfykdif cGifhr±Sday?

(2) jrLeDpyg,ftkyfcsKyfa&;tzJG@wck. 0efxrf;ay;jcif;okd@r[kwf jrLeDpyg,ftzJG@ ukd,fpm;0ef xrf; ay;jcif;twGuftca=u;aiGrsm;tay: aqmif;aiGtm;pnf;=uyfjcif; okd@r[kwf tjcm;t aumufrsm; aumufcHaiGrsm;ESifh tcGefrsm;tm; pnf;=uyfjcif;tm%mtm; (u) trsdK;om; pD;ygG;a&;rlvrf;pOf jrLeDpyg,fe,fajre,ferdwfjzwfausmfaom pD;ygG;a&;

vkyf aqmifr_rsm; okd@r[kwf trsdk;om; qkdif&mukefypPnf;rsm; 0efxrf;ay;r_rsm; rwnf &if;ESD;aiG okd@r[kwf vkyfwkd@tay: ±kyf0wWKt&ESifh usdK;a=umif;nDaxGr_ r±Sdaom xdckdufepfemap jcif;vkyfaqmifrS o¾mefjzifh vkyfaqmifIr&ay?

(c) trsdK;om;qkdif&mOya'jzifh xdef;Ekdifonf? (3) jrLeDpyg,ftkyfcsKyfa&;tzJG@ESpfckonf a'owcsif;tay:wlnDaom jynfol@b¾ma&;

tm%m rsm;ESifh vkyfief;rsm;±Sdaeaomf ‚if;tm%mrsm;ESifh vkyfief;rsm;tm; avsmfuef oifhjrwfaom a0csrf;r_ukd trsdK;om;a&;qkdif&mOya't& aqmif±Guf&rnf/ a0csrf; r_tm;tenf;qkH;atmuf azmfjyygpHnGef;rsm;tm; xufwGuf+yD;rSomv#ifvkyfaqmif &rnf/ (u) taumufcGefqkdif&m ckdifrmonfhed,mrtm;vkdufemusifh okH;r_ vkdtyfr_? (c) jrLeDpyg,ftkyfcsKyfa&;tzJG@wckjcif;pD. tm%mrsm;ESifhvkyfief;rsm;vkyfaqmifr_? (*) jrLeDpyg,ftkyfcsKyfa&;tzJG@wckjcif;pD. jynfol@b¾maiGpGrf;tm; (C) taumufrsm; aumufcHaiGrsm;ESifh tcGefrsm;tm; aumufcHEkdifjcif;. xda&mufr

±Sdjcif; ESifh pGrf;aqmifEkdifr_ (i) r#wr_?

(4) Tyk'frwGif yg±Sdaomrnfonfhta=umif;wpkHwckurS Tyk'frt& rwnf&±Sdaom b¾maiGcJG a0r_tm; wm;jrpfjcif;r±Sday?

(5) Tyk'frwGif&nfrSef;xm;aom trsdK;om;qkdif&m Oya'tm;jyXgef;&mwGif zJG@pnf;xm; aoma' otpkd;&ESifhb¾ma&;ESifh tcGeftaumufaum fr±Sifwkd@tm;}uHn%f awmif; ,ljcif;ESifh aumf r±Sif. tqkdðycsufrsm;tm; pOf;pm;wGufcsuf+yD;rSom v#ifjyXgef;jcif; ðy&rnf/

pD&ifpkESifh jrLeDpyg,facs;aiGrsm;

Page 107: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

107230? (1) pD&ifpkwck okd@r[kwf jrLeDpyg,fa'owckonf rwnf&if;ESD;aiGtwGuf okd@r[kwf

vwfavm okH;aiG qkdif&macs;aiGrsm;tm;trsdK;om;qkdif&m Oya'rS qkH;jzwfay;aom qDavsmfjcif;±Sdaom tusdL;ta=umif;rsm;t& rwnfEkdifonf? okd@aomfvwf wavmokH;aiGtwGuf (u) b¾ma&;ESpfwcktwGif;qufpyfay;jcif; &nf±G,fcsuftwGufvkdtyfaejcif; t

wGufom rwnfEkdifonf? (c) q,fESpfvtwGif; jyefvnfqyf&rnf? (2) yk'frcJG (1) wGifnGef;xm;aom trsdK;om;qkdif&m Oya'tm; b¾ma&;ESifh tcGeft

aumufaumfr±Sif. tqkdðycsufrsm;tm; pOf;pm;wGufcsuf+yD;rSomv#if jyXgef; jcif;ðy &rnf?

tcef; (14) taxGaxGjyXgef;csufrsm; tjynfjynfqkdif&mOya'

tjynfjynfqkdif&moabmwlpmcsKyfrsm; 231? (1) tjynfjynfqkdif&moabmwl pmcsKyfrsm;tm;vkH;. aphpyfaqG;aEG;jcif;ESifh vufrSwfa&;

xkd;jcif; wkd@onf trsdK;om;tkyfcsKyfr_. wm0efjzpfonf? (2) yk'frcJG (3)wGif nGef;xm;aom oabmwlpmcsKyfw&yfrSty tjynfjynfqkdif&m oabm

wlpmcsKyfw&yfonf trsdK;om;v$wfawmfESifh pD&ifpkrsm;trsdK;om;aumifpDESpf&yfvkH; wGif Oya'ðytwnfðytwnfðyaom qkH;jzwfcsufw&yfjzifhom orRwEkdifiHtm;pnf; aESmifr_ ±Sdonf?

(3) vkyfief;twwfynm oabmobm0 tkyfcsKyfoabmobm0 odk@r[kwfpDrH cef@cJGa&;o abm obm0±Sdaom okd@r[kwfw&m;0iftwnfðyr_ okd@r[kwfwufvSrf;jcif; w&yf&yf

Page 108: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

108vkyfaqmif&efr vkdtyfaom tjynfjynfqkdif&m oabmwlpmcsKyfw&yftm; trsdK; om;tkyfcsKyfr_rS oabmwljcif;vkyfom;aumifpD. twnfðyjcif;r±Sdaomfvnf;orRw EkdifiHtm; pnf;aESmifr_±Sdonf? okd@aomftusdL; oifhta=umif;oifhaom umv twGif;v$wf awmfESifh aumifpDwGifaqG;aEG;&ef twGufwifoGif;&rnf?

(4) tjynfjynfqkdif&moabmwl pmcsKyfw&yfonf trsdK;om;Oya'ðy ay;jcif;jzifh Oya'ðy jyXgef;&mwGif orRwEkdifiH. Oya'jzpfvmonf? okd@aomfygvDrefrS oabmwltwnf ðy rSomoabmwlpmcsKyfw&yf. tvkdtav#mufpDrHaqmif±Gufr_qkdif&mjyXgef;csuf w &yf onfzJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya'ESifh ‚if;ygvDreftufOya'w&yfESifh ‚if;uGJvJGae jcif; r±Sd ygu orRwEkdifiHtwGif;wGifOya'jzpfonf?

(5) zJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'pwif tóuH;0ifumvwGif orRwEkdifiH. pnf;aESmifv#uf±Sdaom tjynfjynfqkdif&m oabmwlpmcsKyfrsm;onf orRwEkdifiHESifhqufvufpnf;aESmif jcif;±Sdonf?

tjynfjynfqkdif&m"avhxkH;wef;Oya' 232? tjynfjynfqkdif&mxkH;wef;"avh Oya'onf zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'ESifh‚if; ygvDref

tufOya'w&yfESifh‚if; uGJv$Jaejcif;r±Sdygu orRwEkdiftwGif;wGif Oya'jzpfonf? tjynfjynfqkdif&mOya'tm;usifhokH;jcif; 233? Oya'w&yftm; t"dy~g,fzGifhqkd&mwGiftusdK;ta=umif; qDavsmfr_±Sdaom tjynfjynf

qkdif&m Oya'ESifh wlnDr_tjynfjynfqkdif&m Oya'ESifh uGJv$Jaeaomrnfonfhtpm;xkd; t"dy`g,f zGifhqkdr_w&yftay:rqkd OD;pm;ay;pOf;pm;jcif;rðy&?

tjcm;ta&;udpPrsm; tcGifhta&;rsm;qkdif&m yÃdnmOfrsm; 234? zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya'jzifh xlaxmifay;xm;aom 'Drkdua&pDtavhtx r_tm;

av;euf ap&ef tvkdXgygvDrefonf zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya'jyXgef;csufrsm;ESifh wlnDr_±Sdaom tcGifhta&;rsm; qkdif&m yÉdnmOfrsm;tm; ukdvufcHtwnfðyjyXgef;Ekdifonf?

ukd,fykdifjyXmef;cGifh 235? TzJG@pnf;ykH tajccHOya'wGifaz:jyxm;aom awmiftmz&duEkdifiH jynfolvlxkw&yfvkH;.

ukd,fykdifjyXgef;cGifhtcGifhta&;onf TtcGifhta&;abmiftwGif;ESifh orRwEkdifiH.e,fajr a'otoD;oD;±SdbkH,Ofaus;r_/ bmompum;tokH;ðyaomvl@tzJG@tpnf;wckcsif;pD. ukd,f ykdifjyXgef;cGifhtcGifhta&;rsm;ukd zdwfbkd@[efhwm;onfh oabmrjzpfap&?

EkdifiHa&;ygwDrsm;tm; aiGa=u;axmufyHHhjcif;

Page 109: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

109236? ygwDpkH'Drkdua&pDtm;wkd;jrifhapr_twGuf trsdK;om;Oya'rS trsdk;om;Oya'ðytzJG@rsm;wGif

0ifa&muf ,SOfðydifaom EkdifiHa&;ygwDrsm;tm; oabmwlnDr#r_ESifh tcsdK;usr_tajccHaom aiGa=u;axmuf yHhjcif;tm; jyXgef;ay;&rnf/

vkyfaqmif&efwm0ef±Sdonf wkd@tm;0wW&m;ausjyGefvkyfaqmifr_ 237? zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'. vkyfaqmif&efwm0ef±Sdonfrsm;tm;vkH; wkd@ukd0wW&m;

ausjyGef pGmESifh aESmifhaES;r_r±Sdvkyfaqmif&rnf? ukd,fpm;vS,fvkyfief;XgeESifh vkyfykdifcGkifhtyfESifhjcif; 238? rnfonfhtpkd;&puf0ef;. EkdfifiHawmftkyfcsKyfa&; ,EW,m;rqkd

(u) rnfonfhusifhokH;&eftm%m okd@r[kwf vkyfaqmif&ef vkyfief;okd@r[kwf Oya'jyXgef; xm; csuft& vkyfaqmif&ef±Sdaom vkyfief;ukdrqkd tjcm;rnfonfhEkdifiHtkyfcsKyfa&; ,EW,m;tm;rqkd vkyfykdifcGifhtyfESif;r_onf tm%mtm;usifhokH;r_ okd@r[kwf vkyfief;aqmif±Gufr_ onf Oya'jyXgef;xm;csufESifh nDnGwfr_±Sdaomf vkyfykdifcGifhtyf ESifh Ekdifonf?

(c) tjcm;rnfonfhEkdfifiHawmf ,EW,m;wck. tm%mtm;usifhokH;ay;jcif; okd@r[kwf vkyfief; rsm;vkyfaqmifay;jcif;tm; ukd,fpm;vS,fvkyfief;Xgewcktjzpfokd@r[kwf vkyfykdfifcGifhtyfESkkif; cH&r_ tajccHjzifh aqmif±Gufay;Ekdifonf?

t"dy`g,fzGifhqkdcsufrsm; 239? pum;pyfwGiftjcm;wpkHw&m raz:jyxm;ygu zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'twGif;

“trsdK; om;Oya'”wGif (u) ygvDreftufOya'w&yft& ðyvkyfaomvufatmufcHOya' ESifh (c) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'w&m;0ifjzpfumvwGif wnfqJjzpf+yD;trsdK;om;tpkd;&rS

usifhokH; aeaom Oya'yg0ifonf? EkdifiHawmf,EW,m; t"dy`g,frSm (u) trsdK;om;pD&ifpk okd@r[kwf a'opuf0ef;tpkd;&. rnfonfhEkdifiHawmfXge okd@r[kwf

tkyfcsKyf a&;tzJG@ okd@r[kwf (c) (1) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya' okd@r[kwfpD&ifpkwck. zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccH Oya'

t& tm%mw&yftm; usifhokH;aeaom okd@r[kwfvkyfief; w&yftm;usifhokH; aeaom okd@r[kwf

(2) jyXgef;Oya'w&yft& okd@aomfw&m;±kH; okd@r[kwfw&m;pD&ifa&;t&m±SdwOD; trdef@ Oya'ryg vlxktm%mw&yftm;usifhokH;jcif; vlxkvkyfief;w&yftm;vkyfaqmif jcif;- ukdqkdvkdonf?

pD&ifpkOya'wGif (u) pD&ifpkwck. tufOya'w&yft& ðyvkyfaomvufatmufcHOya' ESifh (c) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya' twnfjzpfaomumvwGif wnfqJjzpf+yD; pD&ifpk

wck. tpkd;&rS usifhokH;aeaom Oya' - yg0ifonf? jcm;em;pmom;twGif;rnDnGwfr_rsm;

Page 110: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

110240? zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya'. jcm;em;pmom;rsm;twGif; ukdufnDr_w&yfr±Sdaomta&;

udpPwGif t*Fvdyfbmom pmom;onf trSefjzpfonf? ul;ajymif;umvtpDtpOfrsm; 241? vkyfief;Z,m; (6)onfTzJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'rS jyXgef;xlaxmifaom zJG@pnf;tkyf

csKyfykHtopftpDtpOftopfokd@ ul;ajymif;jcif;ESifh ,if;ul;ajymif;jcif;ESifh yg0ifqufEG,fr_±Sd aom ta=umif;udpPw&yf&yftm; oufqkdifaz:jyxm;onf?

Oya'rsm;±kyfodrf;jcif; 242? yk'fr (243)ESifh vkyfief;Z,m; (6)wkd@tm;vufatmufcH+yD;vkyfief;Z,m; (7)wGifaz:jyxm;

aomOya'rsm;tm;±kyfodrf;onf? acgif;pOfwdkESifhpwifjcif; 243? (1) TtufOya'tm; awmiftmz&du orRwEkdifiHzJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya' 1996 -

ckESpf[kac:wGifap&rnfjzpf+yD; orRwrS 1997 -ckESpfZGefvkdif(1)&ufaehxufaemufrus aomtwkdtawmif;qkH;umvtwGif;wGif w&m;0ifxkwfjyefa}unmjcif;jzifhouf0if jcif;±Sdap&rnf/

(2) orRwonf yk'frcJG (2)wGifaz:jy±Sdaom ae@ pGJrwdkifrSDwGif zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH t ajccHOya'.oD;jcm;jyXgef;csufrsm;ESifh pyfvsOf;IoD;jcm;ae@pJGrsm;tm; owfrSwfEkdif onf?

(3) pmom;wGif tjcm;wpkHw&m az:jyyg±Sdjcif;r±Sdygu zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya' jyXgef;csufw&yftay:nGef;ay;xm;r_tm; zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'twnfjzpf aomumvtm;&nf nGef;onf[kt"dy`g,fzGifhqkd&rnf?

(4) yk'frcJG(2)t& zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'. oD;jcm;jyXgef;csufw&yf twGufoD;jcm; ae@pGJwcktm; owfrSwfaomf xkwfjyefa=unmjcif;wGif az:jyxm;aom jyXgef;csuf onf 1993 - ckESpfawmiftmz&du orRwEkdifiHzJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya' (1993 - ckESpf. tufOya' 200 ).tvm;wl jyXgef;csufwyfonf ,if;ae@&ufwGif yif±kyfodrf;onf?

(5) yk'fr 213 / 214/ 215/ 216/ 217/ 218/ 226/ 227/ 228/ 229/ ESifh 230rsm;onf (1)&uf Zefe0g&Dv 1998 - ckESpfwGifouf0ifr_±Sdvmonf? okd@aomfTaz:jycsufonf ,if;jyXgef; csufrsm;wGif yg0ifaomf ar#mfrSef;csufrsm;tm;zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya' . Oya'ðyjcif; owfrSwfr_t& ‚if;ae@pJGrwkdifrSD Oya'ðyjcif;tm; wm;jrpfjcif;r±Sday? ,if;ae@&ufr wkdifrSDtxd 1993 - ckESpfawmiftmz&du orRwEkdifiHzJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'. qufeG,faeaomESifh tjznfhcHrnfonfhjyXgef;csufrqkdqufvufwnf ±Sdonf?

Page 111: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

111

aemufqufwJGZ,m; (1) trsdK;om;tvH (1) trsdK;om;tvHonf axmifhrSefpwk*Hjzpfonf? ‚if;onftus,fxufwykHESifh w0uf±Snf

vsm;onf? (2) ‚if;onf trJa&mif a±$a&mif tpdrf;a&mif tjzLa&mif ±$ef;awmufteDa&mifESifh tjynf

a&mifjzpf onf? (3) ‚if;wGiftvH. ig;ykHwpfykHus,faom “(y)”o¾meftpdrf;a&miftpif;±Sdonf tpif;.A[ kd

rsOf; a=umif;rsm;onftvHwkdifESifh uyfaeaomtxufESifh atmufa'gifhwGif pwif+yD;tvH. tv,f A[kd qkHum tvsm;vkdufvGwfaeaom tpGeftv,fA[kdokd@ qufoGm;onf?

(4) tpdrf;a&miftpif;onf txufESifhatmufrsm;wGif tjzLa&mifjzifh tem;uGyfxm;+yD; tvH wkdif bufokd@ a±$a&mifjzifh tqkH;owfxm;onf? tem;pGef;wckjcif;onf tvH.q,fhig; ykHwpfykHus,f onf?

Page 112: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

112(5) tvHwkdifESifhuyfaeaom }wd*Honf trJa&mifjzpfonf? (6) txuftvsm;vkduftpif;onf ±Gef;awmufaomteDa&mifjzpf+yD; atmuftvsm;vkduf

tpif; onftjyma&mifjzpfonf? Ttpif;wckjcif;onf tvH. okH;ykHwykHus,fonf?

aemufqufwJGZ,m; (2) usrf;opPmrsm;ESifh av;eufwnf=unfaom tckdiftrmtwnfðyr_rsm; orRwESifh,m,DorRw.usrf;opPmokd@r[kwfav;eufwnf=unfaomtckdiftrmtwnfðyr_ (1) orRwokd@r[kwf ,m,DorRwonf zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya' w&m;±kH;OuUX a±S@arSmuf

wGif atmufygtwkdif; usrf;opPmusdefqkdjcif; tckdiftrmtwnfðyjcif;tm; vkyfaqmif&rnf? pk±kH;a&muf±Sdvmaom oltm;vkH;a±S@arSmufwGif u|Efkyf.awmiftmz&duEkdifiH. orRw/

,m,D orRw. wm0ef,l&mwGif jrifhjrwfaom orkdif;ay;wm0eftm; xrf;aqmif& onfukdtjynfht0 oabmaygufv#uf u|Ekfyf.uconf awmiftmz&duorRwEkdifiH tm;opPmapmifhod±kdaoygrnfESifh zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya'ESifh tjcm;orRwEkdifiH .Oya'tm;vkH;wkd@tm;emcHyg rnfvdkufemygrnf xdef;odrf;ygrnf? qkwfukdifxm;ygrnf? ESifhu|Ekfyfonf ?

Page 113: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

113

orRwEkdifiH. wkd;wufjcif;tm;vkH;wkd@tm; ajrawmifajrmufay;rnfESifh ‚if;ukd xdckduf tEW&m,f jzpfapjcif;tm;vkH;tm;qef@usif rnf?

awmiftmz&duvlrsdK;tm;vkH;. tcGifhta&;rsm;tm; umuG,frnfESifh ajr awmifajrmufay;rnf?

u|Ekfyf. 0wW&m;rsm;tm; u|Ekfyf.taumif;qkH; todynmESifh pGrf;yum;ESifh u|Ekfyf. todpdwf "gwf.nGef=um;r_tay:opPm±Sdvsuf u|EkfyfcGeftm;ESifh u|rf;usifr_tm;vkH; jzifhaqmif±Gufrnf?

tm;vkH;okd@w&m;r#wr_ukd vkyfaqmifrnfESifh orRwEkdifiHESifh‚if;.jynfolvkxktm;vkH; aumif;usdK;csrf;om&eftwGufu|Ekfyf

ukd,fukd u|Ekfyfqufuyfrnf? - ukdtav;teufESifh ±kd;om;ajzmifhrwfpGmjzifh *wday;usrf; opPmqkd tckdiftrm ðyygonf?

(usrf;usdefqkd&mwGif - u|Ekfyftm;ulnDawmfrlygbk&m;) 'kwd, orRw. usrf;opPmokd@r[kwfav;eufwnf=unfaomtcdkiftrmtwnfðyr_ 2? 'kwd,orRwonf zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'w&m;±kH; OuUXa±S@arSmuf wGifatmufygt

wkdif;usrf;opPmusdefqkdjcif;/ tckdiftrmtwnfðyjcif;tm;aqmif&rnf? pk±kH;a&muf±Sdvmoltm; vkH;a±S@arSmufwGif u|Ekfyf. awmiftmz&du orRwEkdifiH. 'kwd,orRw. wm0efukd ,l&mwGif jrifhjrwfaomorkdif;ay;wm0eftm;xrf; aqmif& onfukd tjynfh t0oabmaygufv#uf u|Ekfyf. uconf awmiftmz&duorRw EkdifiHtm;opPmapmifhod ±kdaoygrnfESifh zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccH Oya'ESifhtjcm; orRwEkdifiH.Oya'tm;vkH;wkd@tm; emcHygrnf? ESifh u|Ekfyfonf -

orRwEkdifiH. wkd;wufjcif;tm;vkH;wkd@tm; ajrawmifajrmufay;rnfESifh ‚if;ukdxd ckduftEW&,fjzpfapjcif;tm;vkH;tm; qef@usifrnf?

awmiftmz&duvlrsdK;tm;vkH;. tcGifhta&;rsm;tm; umuG,frnfESifh ajrawmif ajrmufay;rnf?

u|Ekfyf.0wW&m;rsm;tm; u|Ekfyf.taumifqkH;todynmESifh pGrf;yum;ESifh u|Ekfyf.todpDwf"gwf.nGef=um;r_tm;vkH;wkd@jzifhaqmif±Gufrnf? tm;vkH;ok@dw&m;r#wr_ ukdvkyfaqmifrnf?ESifh

orRwEkdifiHESifh ‚if;jynfol xktm;vkH;aumif;usdK;csrf;omtwGuf u|Ekfyf ukd,fukd u|Ekfyfqufuyfrnf? - ukdtav;eufESifh ±dk;om;ajzmifhrwfpGm jzifh*wday;usrf; opPmqkd / tckdiftrmðyyg onf?

(usrf;usdefqkd&mwGif - u|Ekfyfmt;ulnDawmfrlygbk&m;) 0ef}uD;ESifh'kwd,0ef}uD;rsm;usrf;opPm okd@r[kwf av;eufwnf=unfaom tckdiftrmtwnfðyr_ 3? 0ef}uD;okd@r[kwf'kwd,0ef}uD;wkdif;onf zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya' OuUXokd@r[kwf zJG@pnf;

tkyfcsKyfykH tjccHOya'OuUXrS owfrSwfay;ol tjcm;w&m;ol}uD;a±S@arSmufwGif atmufygt wkdif;usrf;opPm udsefqkdjcif;/ tckdiftrmtwnfðyjcif; tm;vkH;vkyfaqmif&rnf?

u|Ekfyfuconf awmiftmz&duorRwEkdifiHtm;opPmapmifhod±kdaoygrnfESifh zJG@pnf; tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'ESifh tjcm;orRwEkdifiH. Oya'tm;vkH;wkd@tm;emcHygrnf vkduf emygrnf/ xdef;odrf;ygrnfqkyfukdifxm;ygrnfESifh u|Ekfyf.0ef}uD; 'kwd,0ef}uD; &mxl; tm;*k%f,lpGmESifh oduQm±Sd pGmjzifhwm0efxrf;aqmif&ef u|Ekfyftm;,kH=unf tyfESH xm;aomrnfonfh v#d@0SufudpPtm;rqkd wkduf±kdufaomf‚if;oG,f0kdufIaomf‚if;az: xkwfjcif;rðy&efESifh u|Ekfyf.vkyfief;rsm;tm; tod pdwf"gwfjzifh wm0efa=upGmESifh

Comment [P1]:

Page 114: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

114u|Ekfyf.taumif;qkH;pGr;ftifjzifh aqmif±Guf&ef*wday;usrf; opPmqkdtckdiftrm ðyygonf?

trsdK;om;v$wfaomftzJG@0ifrsm; pD&ifpktrsdL;om;aumifpD t+rJwef;ukd,fpm;vS,frsm;ESifh pD&ifpkOya'ðy tzJG@rsm;. usrf;opPm okd@r[kwf av;eufwnf=unfaom tckdiftrmtwnfðyr_ 4? (1) trsdK;om;v$wfaomftzJG@0ifrsm; pD&ifpktrsdL;om;aumifpD t+rJwef;ukd,fpm;vS,frsm;ESifh

pD&ifpk Oya'ðytzJG@rsm;. tzJG@0ifrsm;onf zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya'w&m±kH; OuUXokd@r[kwf zJG@pnf; tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya' w&m;±kH;OuUXrS owfrSwfay;ol tjcm;w&m;ol}uD;wOD.a±S@arSmuf wGifatmufygtwkdif; usrf;opPmusdefqkdjcif; tckdif trm twnfðyjcif;tm; vkyfaqmif& rnf?

u|Ekfyfuconfawmiftmz&duorRwEkdifiHtm; opPmapmifhod±kdaoygrnf ESifhzJG@ pnf;tkyf csKyfykHtajccHOya'ESifh tjcm;orRwEkdifiH. Oya'tm;vkH; wkd@tm; emcHygrnf? vkdufemygrnf? xdef;odrf;ygrnf? qkyfukdifxm;ygrnfukd usrf;opPm usdefqkd tckdiftrmtwnfðyygonf? ‚if;jyif trsdK;om;v$wfawmf tzJG@0ifwOD; tjzpf pD&ifpkrsm;trsdK;om;aumifpDt+rJwef;ukd,f pm;vS,fwOD;tjzpf (*C)pD&if pkOya'ðytzJG@0ifwOD;tjzpf u|Ekfyf.vkyfief;rsm;tm;u|Ekfyf.taumif; qkH;pGrf; &nfjzifh aqmif±Gufrnfukd tav;teuf*wdðyygonf?

(usrf;udsefqkd&mwGif - u|Ekfyftm;ulnDawmfrlygbk&m;) (2) trsdLom;v$wfawmf/ pD&ifpkrsm;trsdK;om;aumifpDðytzJG@. vpfvyfae&mwcktm;

jznfhpGuf aomolrsm;onf ta=umif;udpPay:rlwnfI vuf±Sdv$wfawmfaumifpD odk@r[kwf Oya'ðytzJG@OuUXa±S@arSmufwGif tcsufcJG(1)t& usrf;opPm usdefjcif; okd@r [kwf av;eufwnf=unf aom tckdiftrmtwnfðyjcif;tm; vkyfaqmif&rnf?

0ef}uD;csKyfrsm;,m,D0ef}uD;csKyfrsm;ESifh pD&ifpktkyfcsKyfa&;aumifpDrsm;. tzJG@0ifrsm; .usrf; opPmokd@r[kwfav;euf wnf=unfaom tckdiftrmtwnfðyr_ 5? pD&ifpkwck. 0ef}uD;csKyfESifh pD&ifpkwck. tkyfcsKyfa&;aumifpDtzJG@0ifwOD;jcif;onf zJG@pnf;

tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'w&m;±kH;OuUX okd@r[kwf zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'w&m;±kH; OuUXrSowfrSwfay; aom tjcm;w&m;ol}uD; wOD;a±S@arSmuf wGifatmufygtwkdif;usrf; opPmusdefqkdav;eufwnf=unf aom tckdiftrmtwnfðyr_tm;vkyfaqmif&rnf?

u|Ekfyfuconf awmiftmz&duEkdifiHtay: opPmapmifhod±kdaoygrnfESifh zJG@pnf; tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'ESifhtjcm; orRwEkdifiH. Oya'tm;vkH;wkd@ tm;emcHygrnf? vkdufemygrnfxdef; odrf;ygrnf qkyfukdifxm;ygrnfESifh u|Ekfyf. *C pD&ifpk. 0ef}uD;csKyf&mxl; ,m,D0ef}uD;csKyf &mxl;tkyfcsKyfa&;aumifpD tzJG@0if&mxl;tm; *k%f,lpGmESifh oduQm±SdpGmjzifh wm0efxrf; aqmif&efajzmifhrSef+yD; opPm±Sdaom t}uHay;yk*~dKvfjzpf&ef u|Ekfyftm;,kH=unftyfESHxm; aomrnfonfhv#dK@0Suf udpPtm;rqkdwkduf±kdufaomf‚if; oG,f0kdufIaomf‚if; az:xkwfjcif; rðy&efESifh u|Ekfyf.vkyfief;rsm;tm; todpdwf"gwfjzifhwm0efa=upGmESifh u|Ekfyf.taumif; qkH;pGrf;tm;jzifhaqmif±Guf&ef *wday;usrf;opPm tckdiftrmðyygonf?

Page 115: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

115

w&m;a&;0efxrf;rsm;usrf;opPm okd@r[kwf av;eufwnf=unfaom tckdiftrm twnfðy r_ 6? (1) w&m;ol}uD; okd@r[kwf ,m,Dw&m;ol}uD;wOD; jcif;onf w&m;±kH;csKyft,lcH±kH;. w&m;

ol }uD; csKyfodk@r[kwfw&m;ol}uD;rS owfrSwfay;olw&m; ol}uD;wOD; a±S@arSmufwGif atmuf ygtwkdif; usrf;opPmusefqkdjcif; tckdiftrmtwnfðyjcif;tm;vkyfaqmif&rnf?

u|Ekfuconf zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya'w&m;±kH; w&m;±kH;csKyft,lcH±kH;txuf wef;w&m;±kH; w&m;ol}uD;wOD;tjzpf awmiftz&duorRwEkdifiHtay: opPm apmifhod±kdaoygrnf zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'ESifh ‚if;twGif;wGiftckdiftrm ðyxm;aom vl@tcGifhta&;rsm;tm; ajrawmifajrmufay;ygrnfESifh tum tuG,fay;ygrnf w&m;r#wr_tm;vltm; vkH;okd@a=umuf±GH@jcif;/ rsufESmom ay;jcif; t*wdvdkufpm;r±SdbJ zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'ESifh Oya't&vkyf aqmifrnfukd usrf;opPmusdefqkdtckdiftrmtwnfðyyg onf?

(usrf;opPmusdefqkd &mwGif - u|Ekfyftm;ulnDawmfrlygbk&m;) (2) w&m;±kH;csKyft,lcH±kH;. w&m;ol}uD;&mxl;wGif cef@tyfcH&aomolonf cef@tyfjcif;cH

&aomumvwGif w&m;ol}uD;wOD; rjzpfao;ygu zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'w &m;±kH; OuUXa±S@arSmuf wGif usrf;opPmusdefqkd tcdkiftrmtwnfðy&rnf?

(3) w&m;ol}uD;rsm;r[kwfaom w&m;a&;0efxrf;t&m±Sdrsm; ,m,Dw&m; a&;0efxrf;t &m±Sdrsm;onf trsdK;om; Oya't& usrf;opPmusdefqkdjcif; tckdiftrmtwnfðyjcif; vkyfaqmif &rnf/

aemufqufwJGZ,m;-3-

a±G;aumufyGJvkyfxHk;vkyfenf;rsm;

tydkif;-1- zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'&mxl;&mcH wm0ef,lolrsm;twGwfa±G;aumufyGJvkyf

xHk;vkyfenf;rsm; toHk;jyKjcif; 1? TtpDtpOfwGif csrSwfxm;aom vkyfxHk;vkyfenf;rsm;onf? (u ) trsdK;om;v$wfawmfrS orRwodk@r[kwf v$wfawmfajyma&;qdkcGifh±Sdol odk@r[kwf v$wfawmfvufaxmuf ajyma&;qdkcGifh ±Sdoltm;a±G;aumuf&eftwGuf tpnf;t a0;usif;yjcif;/ ( c ) pD&ifpkrsm;trsdK;om;aumifpDrS‚if;. OuUX odk@r[kwf 'kwd,OuUXtm;a±G;aumuf&ef twGuftpnf;ta0;usif;yjcif; odk@r[kwf ( * ) pD&ifpkrsm;wpk. Oya'jyKtzGJ@rS pD&ifpk0ef}uD;csKyf odk@r[kwf ,if;Oya'jyKtzGJ@. ajym

Page 116: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

116 a&;qdkcGifh ±dSoltm;a±G;aumuf&eftwGuftpnf;ta0;usif;yjcif;/ -wGiftoHk;jyKonf? trnfwifoGifjcif; 2? TtpDtpOft& tpnf;ta0;wGifobmywdtjzpfaqmif±Gufolonf trnfwifoGif; jcif;jyK&ef tpnf;ta0;wGifzdwfac:&rnf? w&m;0ifvkdolrsm; 3? (1) trnfwifoGif;jcif;w&yftm; tcsuf (9) wGifaz:jyxm;onfh owfrSwfaompnf;rsOf; pnf;urf;yHkpHwGifvkyfaqmif&rnf?

(2) trnfwifoGif;jcif;w&yfvkyfaqmifaom yHkpHpm±GufwGif (u) orRw odk@r[kwf v$wfawmfajyma&;qdkcGifh±dSol odk@r[kwf vufaxmufajym

a&;qdkcGifh±Sdol a±G;aumuf&eftwGufjzpfygu vGwfawmftzGJ@0ifESpfOD;/ ( c) pD&ifpkrsm;trdsK;om;aumifpD. OuUXodk@r[kwf 'kwd,OuUXtm;a±G;aumuf &eftwGufjzpfygu pD&ifpkudk,fpm;vS,f tzGJ@[email protected],fpm;/ odk@r[kwf/ (* ) pD&ifpkwck. 0ef}uD;csKyf odk@r[kwf Oya'jyKtzGJ@ajyma&;qdkcGifh ±Sdolodk@r[kwf vufaxmufajyma&;qdkcGifh±Sdoltm; a±G;aumuf&eftwGufjzpfygu oufqdkif pD&ifpk. Oya'jyKtzGJ@ tzGJ@0ifESpfOD;/

- vufrSwfa&;xdk;&rnf (3) trnfwifoGif;jcif;cH&olonf trnfwifoGif;cH&r_udkvufcHa}umif;tm; trnfwif

oGif;jcif;yHkpHtm;vufrSwfa&;xdk;I ‚if;a&;om;jcif;jzifhtjcm;twnfjyKyHkpHw&yf&yf jzpf‚if; az:jy&rnf?

udk,fpm;vnfavmif;rsm;. trnfrsm;tm;a}unmjcif; 4? Tvkyfief;rsm;t&usif;yaomtpnf;ta0;wGif obmywdtjzpfaqmif±Gufolonf udk,f pm;vnfavmif;rsm;tjzpf trnfwifoGif;xm;aomolrsm;.trnfrsm;tm; a}unmay;& rnf ? odk@aomftacstwifaqG;aEG;r_tm; cGifhrjyK&ay ? wOD;wnf;udk,fpm;vS,favmif; 5 ? udk,fpm;vnfavmif;wOD;wnf;udkomtrnfwifoGif;ygu obmywd aqmif±Gufolonf ‚if;tm; a±G;aumufwifajrmufa}umif;a}unm &rnf? a±G;aumufyGJvkyfxHk;vkyfenf; 6 ? udk,fpm;vnfavmif;wOD;xuf ydkItrnfwifoGif;aomf /

(u) tpnf;ta0;wGifv#dK@0SufrJay;pepfjzifh qENrJcGJjcif;jyKvkyf&rnf? (c ) tpnf;ta0;wGif±SdaeaomtzGJ@0ifwOD;v#ifwrJ / odk@r[kwf tpnf;ta0;w&yf

Page 117: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

117 onf pD&ifpkrsm;trdsK;om;aumifpDjzpfaomf pD&ifpkwpkv#if wrJqENrJay;Edkifonf ESifh (* ) trsm;pkrJ&±dSol udk,fpmvnfavmif;tm;a±G;aumufjcif;cH &ol[kobmywdtjzpf aqmif±Gifol rSxkwfjyefa}unm &rnf?

z,fxkwfjcif;vkyfxHk;vkyfenf; & ? (1) rnfonfhudk,fpm;vnfavmif; wOD;wa,mufurS trsm;pkrJ r&±SdygurJta&t wGufenf;tenf;qHk;&±Sdoltm;z,fxkwf&rnf jzpfjyD;usef±Sdaomudk,fpm;vS,f avmif;rsm;jzifh tcsuf (6) t& aemufw}udrfqENrJcGJjcif; tm;jyKvkyf&rnf ? T vkyfxHk;vkyfenf;tm; udk,fpm;vS,favmif;wOD;rS trsm;pkrJ&±Sdonfhtxdvkyfaqmif &rnf ?

(2) tcsufcGJ (1) tm;usifhoHk;&mwGif udk,fpm;vS,favmif;ESpfOD;odk@r[kwf ESpfOD;xufydk aomudk,fpm;vS,favmif;rsm;onf tenf;qHk;rJta&twGuftoD;oD;&±Sdygu / ‚if; udk,fpm;vS,frsm;jzifh oD;jcm;rJqEN rJcGJjcif;tm;jyKvkyf&rnfjzpfjyD; rnfhudk,fpm; vnfavmif;tm;z,fxkwf&rnf tm;qHk;jzwfEdkifonfhtxd vkdtyfr_tay:qENrJcGJ jcif;tm;xyfvkyfEdkifonf?

aemufxyftpnf;ta0;rsm; 8? (1) udk,fpm;vS,favmif;ESpfOD;udkom tqdkjyKtrnfwifoGif;ygu odk@r[kwf z,fxkwf jcif;vkyfxHk;vkyfenf;jzifh udk,fpm;vS,favmif;ESpfOD;omusef±dSjyD; ,if;udk,fpm;vS,f avmif;ESpfOD;pvHk;onf wlnDaomrJ ta&twGufudk&±dS}uygu aemufw}udrftpnf; ta0;tm; (7) &uftwGif; ESifhobmywdtjzpfaqmif±Gufaeol. owfrSwfay; aomtcsdefwGif usif;y&rnf? ( 2) tydk'f cGJ (1) t&aemufxyfw}udrf tpnf;ta0;usif;yaomf ,if;tpnf;ta0; wGifvkyfaqmifaeaoma±G;aumufyGJ. yxrt}udrftpnf;ta0;ozG,f Tvkyfief; pOfwGifjyXmef;owfrSwfxm;aom vkyfxHk;vkyfenf;rsm;tm;vkdufemaqmif±Gufaqmif ±Guf&rnf? enf;Oya'rsm; 9 ? (1) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'w&m;±Hk; OuUXonf- (u) Tvkyfief;pOf. oufqdkif&mtpnf;ta0;rsm;twGuf vkyfxHk;vkyfenf;/ (c) tpnf;ta0;w&yfwGif obmywdtjzpfaqmif±GufolESifh ‚if;obmywdtjzpf aqmif±Gufaeol rnfolwOD;wa,mufrqdk. wm0ef0wW&m;rsm; / (*) tqdkwifoGif;r_vkyfaqmif&eftwGufyHkpHpm±Guf (C) rJay;jcif;vkyfyHkvkyfenf; -qdkif&menf;Oya'rsm;tm;jyXmef;ay;&rnf? (2) Tenf;Oya'rsm;tm; odapjcif;vkyfaqmifr_udkzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'w&m;±Hk; OuUX rSqHk;jzwfay;onftwdkif;vkyfaqmif&rnf?

Page 118: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

118

tydkif;-c-

pD&ifpkrsm;trsd;om;aumifpD. pD&ifpkrsm;udk,fpm;vS,f tzGJ@0ifrsm;wGifygwD yg0if vkyfaqmifr_ tm;qHk;jzwfay;&ef yHkaoenf;

1 ? pD&ifpkrsm;trsdK;om;aumifpDodk@ apv$wfaompD&ifpk wck. udk,fpm;vS,ftzGJ@wGif ygwDw ck. &ydkifcGifhudk,fpm;vS,fta&twGuftm; ,if;ygwDrSpD&ifpk Oya'jyKtzGJ@wGifyg0ifaom trwfOD;a&tm; wpfq,fjzifhajrmufjyD; &v'fudkOya'jyKtzGJ@pkpkaygif; trwfOD;a&ESifh taygif;wpfjzifhpm;jcif;jzifh tqHk;jzwfay;&onf ? 2 ? tydk'f (1)t&wGufcsufr_rS &vmaom&v'fonf ,if;tydk'fowfrSwfxm;csufrsm;t& yg wDwckodk@cGifhjyKaom udk,fpm;vS,frsm;twGif;yg0ifapEdkifr_ r±Sdaomf / ,if;udk,fpm;vS,f [email protected],fpm;vS,frsm;wGif cGJa0yg0ifr_r&aomtvm;wl ygwDw&yf&yfodk@r[kwf ygwD rsm;.&±Sdaom&v'frsm;ESifh ,SOfjydKifapum &v'frsm;tjrifhqHk;tpOftvdkufuygwD wckodk@ cGJa0ay;&rnf?

aemufqufwJG Z,m; -4- trdsK;om;ESifh pD&ifpkOya'jyKtm%m. xyfwlvkyfief;e,fy,frsm;

tydkif;-1-

- rl&if;XmaeopfawmcefhcGJr_ - pdkufysdK;a&;

- tjynfjynfqdkif&mESifh trdsK;om;qdkif&mav,mOfuGif;rsm; tytjcm;av,mOfuGif;rsm;/ - wd&p>mefxdef;csKyfjcif;ESifha&m*grsm; - xDESifhtm;upm;xDrsm;tm;y,fI avmif;upm;±Hkrsm; / jrif;jydkifyGJrsm;/ avmif;upm;jcif;ESifh avmif;a}u;xyfjcif;rsm; - pm;oHk;oltum tuG,fay;r_ - ,Ofaus;r_qdkif&mta&;udpPrsm; - ab;'kuQpDrHcef@cGJr_ - wuUodkvf ynma&;rSv$JI ynma&;tqifhtm;vkH;

Page 119: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

119- obm0ywf0ef;usif - usef;rma&;0efxrf;ay;r_rsm; - tdrf,m - zGJ@pn;ftkyfcsKyfyHktajccH Oya'tcef; (12) tm;vufatmufcH Ir_&if;XmaeOya'ESifh ±dk;&m" avh Oya' / - pufr_vkyfief;ajrawmifajrmufay;r_ - bmompum;r_vrf;pOfESifh zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHkt ajccHOya'yk'fr (6) rSpD&ifpkrsm;Oya'jyKtzGJ@ rsm; Oya'jyKjcif;usifvnfr_ odk@twdtvif;tyf ESif;xm;aom owfrSwfjyXmef;xm;ay; aomtwdkif;twmtxd ±Hk;oHk;bmompum;rsm;tm; ndSESKdif;vnfywfay;r_ - yk'fr 192 tm;vufatmufcHI pD&ifpktpdk;&rSwdkuf±dkufxdef;csKyfaomESifh pDpOfay;aomo wif;vkyfief;rsm;? - trsdK;om;yef;jcHrsm; / trdsK;om;±kuQaA' O,mOfrsm;ESifh tÀ0go,HZmwrsm;tm; y,fI obm0xdef;odrf;apmifha±Smufjcif;? - zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'tcef; (11) jyXmef;owfrSwfay;onfh twdkif;twmtxd&J vkyfief;rsm;? - ywf0ef;usifnpfnrf;apr_ umuG,fapmifha±Smufr_? - vlOD;a&zGH@r_? - ydkifqdkifypPnf;v$Jajymif;ay;jcif; tca}u;aiG? - TtpDtpOfESifh tpDtpOf-5-vkyfief;e,fy,frsm; t&jzpfaompD&ifpktrsm; jynfolvkyf ief;rsm; ? - trsm;jynfolo,f,lydk@aqmifa&; ? - pD&ifpktpdk;&Xmersm;odk@ zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya' odk@r[kwf tjcm;Oya't&yf&yfrSt xl;wm0efay;xm;aom vkyfief;rsm;tm;aqmif±Guf&ef twGufomvdktyfaom trsm;jynf olvkyfief;rsm; ? - a'oqdkif&m pDrHudef;rsm;ESifhzGH@jzdK;r_ ? - ,Ofvrf;pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf; ? - ajrqDv$mxdef;odrf;apmifha±Smufjcif;? - urBmvSnfh c&D;onfvkyfief;rsm; ? - ukefoG,fr_ - jrdK@jyESifha}u;vufawm±Gm zG@HjzdK;r_ ? - ,mOfrSwfyHkwifjcif; ? - vlr_b0zl v_Ha&;vkyfief;rsm; ?

tydkif; -c-

atmufyga'oEW&tpdk;&ta&; udpPrsm;tm;yk'fr 155 (6) (u) ESifh (7) wdk@wGifcsrSwf xm;onfhtwdkif;twmtxd ?

- avxknpfnrf;r_ - aqmufvkyfa&;pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm; - uav;oli,fapmifha±Smufa&;toHk;aqmif ypPnf;rsm;/ - v#yfppfESifh"gwfaiG@jzef@a0ay;jcif;

Page 120: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

120

- rD;owfvkyfief;rsm; - a'oqdkif&murBm@vSnfhc&D;onfvkyfief;rsm; - jrLeDpy,favqdyfrsm; - jrLeDpy,fpDrHudef; - jrLeDpy,fusef;rma&;vkyfief;rsm; - jrLeDpy,f trsm;jynfolo,f,lydk@aqmifa&; - zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya' odk@r[kwf tjcm;Oya'w&yf&yfrS jrLeDpy,f

a'orsm;odk@txl;wm0efay;xm;aom vkyfief;rsm;tm; aqmif±Guf &eftwGufom vkdtyfaomjrLeDpyg,f trsm;jynfolvkyfief;rsm;

- tjynfjynfqdkif&mESifh trsdK;om;oabFmc&D;o,f,lydk@aqmifa&;ESifh ‚if; wdk@ESifhoufqdkifaeaomvkyfief;vkyfief;rsm;udk }uD;}uyfay;r_tm;y,fI qdyfcHorŠmefrsm; / ul;wdk@vkyfief;rsm; / qdyfcHwHwm;vkyfief;rsm; ESifho abFmqdyfvkyfief;rsm; ?

- tdrfajcxlxyfaomt&yfa'orsm;wGif (storm water) cef@cGJa&;pepf rsm;

- ukefoG,fr_pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;/ - aomufa&jzef@a0jcif;pepfrsm;ESifha'owGif; pGef@ypfa&ESifh rdv†mz,f±Sm;

ypfjcif;pepfrsm;wGifuef@owfxm;aoma&ESifh usef;rmoef@±Sif;a&;vkyf ief;rsm; /

aemufqufwJGZ,m;-5-

pD&ifpkOya'jyKtm%m. oD;oef@vkyfief;e,fy,frsm;

tydkif;-u- -om;owf±Hkrsm;/ -olemwif,mOfvkyfief;rsm;/ -trdsK;om;armfuGef;wdkufrsm;rSty armfuGef;wdkufrsm;/ -trdsK;om;pm}unfhwdkufrsm;rStypm}unfhwdkufrsm; -tazsmf,mruvdkifpif -trsdK;om;jywdkufrsm; rStyjywdkufrsm; -pD&ifpkpDrHudef;

Page 121: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

121-pD&ifpk,Ofaus;r_ta&;udpPrsm; -pD&ifpktyef;ajzjcif;rsm;ESifhom,mESpfvkdzG,frsm; -pD&ifpktm;upm; -pD&ifpkvrf;rsm;ESifh,mOftoGm;tvmrsm; -toufarG;0rf;ausmif;ynmtm;y,fI wd&p>mefusef;rma&; -

tydkif;-c-

atmufyga'otpdk;&udpPrsm;tm;yk'fr 155 (6) (u) ESifh(&) wGifpD&ifpkrsm;twGuf &nf±G,fxm;aomtwdkif;twmtxd? -yifv,furf;ajcrsm;ESifh aysmfjrL;p&mtoHk;taqmifrsm;/ -a}umfnmoifyHk;}uD;rsm;ESifh trsm;jynfolae&mrsm;wGifa}umfnmjcif;tm;cif;usif;jyojcif;/ -ocsdKFif;rsm; / tokbaqmif±Guf&mtcef;rsm;/ESifh rD;oj*dKFpufrsm; / -trsm;jynfol pdwftaESmuft,Sufay;r_rsm;xdef;csKyfr_ -oef@±Sif;pif}u,fr_ rsm; -trsm;jynfolodk@tazsmf,mrum a&mif;csjcif;vkyfief;rsm;tm;xdef;csKyfr_ / -wd&p>mefrsm; aep&mae&m / jyKpkr_ESifhajrjrKyfr_ toHk;taqmifrsm; -jcHcwfjcif;ESifh jcHpnf;±dk;rsm; / -acG;rSwfyHkwif xkwfay;jcif;/ -trsm;jynfolrsm;odk@ tpm;tpm a&mif;csjcif;vdkifpifxkwfay;jcif;ESifh xdef;csKyfjcif; / -a'oom,m ESpfvdkzG,f±Sdrsm; -a'otm;upm;toHk;taqmifrsm; / -aps;rsm; -jrLeDpy,f om;owf±Hkrsm; -jrLeDpy,f vrf;rsm; -toHnpfnrf;r_rsm; -wd&p>mef tavtvGifhavSmifjcHrsm; -trsm;jynfolae&mrsm; -trdkufo±dkufz,f±Sm;jcif; / tr_dufo±dkufpkyHkae&mrsm; ESifhpGef@ypf ypPnf;z,f±Sm;jcif; -vrf;r ukefoG,fr_ -vrf;r rD;xGef;vif;r_ / -,mOftoGm;tvmESifh ,mOf&yf&efae&m /

Page 122: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

122

tpDtpOf-6- ul;ajymif;umvtpDtpOfrsm;

t"dy`g,fzGifhqdkcsuf 1? TtpDtpOfwGif pum;pyfESifhqDav#mfr_r±Sdjcif;rSwyg; "arGS;&yfXmae" onf,QifzGJ@pnf;tkyf csKyfyHktajccHOya' ouf0ifr_r±SdrSD umvawmtwGif;awmiftmz&duOya'jyKr_wGifvGwf vyfaom odk@r[kwf udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfaome,fajrwcktjzpf udk,fwG,faomorRwEdkifiH tpdwftydkif; t"dy`g,f±Sdonf ? "zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya'topf" onf1996-ckESpf awmiftmz&du orRwEdkifiHzGJ@pnf;yHktajccH Oya'[kt"dy`g,f±Sdonf? "pepfa[mif;Oya'" onf,QifzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya'ouf0ifr_rwdkifrSDumvwGifjy Xmef;aomOya'[kt"dy`g,f±dSonf? ",cifzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'" onf 1993 ckESpf awmiftmz&duorRwEdkifiHzGJ@ pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya' (1993-ckESpf.tufOya'200) [kt"dy`g,f±dSonf?

Page 123: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

123

wnfqJOya' qufv#ufwnfjcif; 2 ? (1) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya' topftouf0ifr_ ±SdaomtcsdefwGifwnfqJOya'tm; vHk;onf / (u) jyifqifjznfhpGwfr_ w&yf&yfodk@r[kwf±kwfodrf;jcif;ESifh/ (c ) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccH Oya'topfESifh av#mfnDr_±dSjcif;-tusdK;oufa&mufr_t &qufvufwnf±Sdonf? (2) tydkif;cGJ (1) t&qufvufwnf±dSaom pepfa[mif;Oya'onf/ (u) ydkrdk us,fjyef@aomusifhoHk;apr_ jyifqifjznfhpGufjcif;rSwyg; ,QifzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'ouf0ifjcif; r±dScifumvwGif±dSonfxuf ydkrdkIus,fjyefhaomusifh oHk;r_ r±Sday ? (c ) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya'topftusdK;oufa&mufr_jzifh tm%mydkifrsm;rS zGJ@ pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya'topfwnfaom umvwGifqufvufusifhoHk;onf? wnfqJOya'tm;t"dy`g,fzGifhqdkjcif; 3 ? (1) pum;pyfESifhqDav#mfr_r±Sdjcif; odk@r[kwfxifxif±Sm;±Sm;ravsmfuefjcif;rSw yg; zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya'opfpwifwnfaomumv wGifwnfqJrnfonfhOy a'tm;rqdk &nfnGef;xm;jcif;w&yfonf-

(u) awmiftmz&du orRwEdkifiHodk@r[kwf arG;&yfXmae ( EdkifiHydkifeufjzpfaom a'otm; &nf nGef;xm;jcif;rSty ) odk@nGef;aomfzGJhpnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccH Oya'topfwGif awmiftmz&du orRwEkdifiH odk@&nf;nGef;xm;jcif;[krSwf ,l&rnf?

( c) ygvDref / trdsKl;om;vGwfawmf odk@r[kwfqD;edwfodk@nGef;xm;aomzGJ@pnf; tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topfwGif ygvDref trdsK;om;aumifpDodk@nGef;xm; jcif;[k rSwf,l&rnf? (* ) orRw tkyfcsKyfa&; 'kwd,orRw wOD;0ef}uD;wOD; 'kwd,0ef}uD;wODodk@r [kwf 0ef}uD;csKyftzGJ@odk@nGef;xm;aomf zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya'topf wGiforRw 'kwd,orRw 0ef}uD;wOD; 'kwd0ef}uD;wOD;odk@r[kwf 0ef}uD;tzGJ@ odk@ TtpDtpOf.trSwf (9) t&nGef;xm;jcif;[k rSwf,l&rnf ?

(C) qD;edwfv$wfawmf OuUXodk@nGef;xm;aom pD&ifpkrsm; trdsK;om;aumifpD OuUX odk@nGef;xm;jcif;[krSwf,l&rnf ?

(i) pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@ / 0ef}uD;csKyf/ tkyfcsKyfa&;aumifpD odk@r[kwfpD&ifpkwck. tkyfcsKyfa&;aumifpDtzGJ@0ifwOD;odk@&nfnGef;xm;aom zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajc cH Oya'topfwGif pD&ifpkwck. Oya'jyKtzGJ@ / 0ef}uD;csKyf / tkyfcsKyfa&; aumifpD tzGJ@0ifwOD;odk@ TtpDtpOf.trSwf (12) t&nGef;xm;jcif;[k owfrSwf,l&rnf? (p) ±Hk;oHk;bmompum; odk@r[kwfbmompum;rsm; odk@nGef;xm;aomzGJ@pnf; tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topf. ±Hk;oHk;bmompum;w&yf&yf odk@nGef;xm; jcif;[k,lq&rnf? (2) pum;pyfESihfqDavsmfr_r±dSjcif; odk@r[kwfxifxif±Sm;±Sm;ravsmfuefjcif; rSwyg;usef±Sdao; aomrnfonf@pepfa[mif; Oya'tm;rqdknGef;xm;csuft&yfonf- (u) ygvDrefwck / ygvDrefwck.v$wfawmfwck odk@r[kwfOya'jyKvGwfawmf wckodk@r [kwforRwEdkifiH. tpdwftydkif; wckodk@r[kwfarG;&yfXmae wckodk@nGef;xm; aomf

(1) ,if;Oya'tm;taumiftxnf az:vkyfaqmif&eftm;,QifzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk

Page 124: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

124tajccH Oya'okd@r[kwf TtpDtpOfrS trsdK;om;tkyfcsKyfa&; okd@cGJa0ay; xm;jcif; odk@r[kwfwm0efowfrSwfay;xm;jcif;jzpfaom zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccH Oya'topfwGif ygvDrefodk@‚if; okd@r[kwf

(2) ,if;Oya'tm; taumiftxnfaz:vkyfaqmif&eff ,QifzGJ@pnf;tkyf csKyfyHktajccHOya' odk@r[kwfTtpDtpOfrS pD&ifpktkyfcsKyfa&; wck

tm;cGJa0ay;xm;jcif; okd@r[kwfwm0efowfrSwfay;xm;jcif;jzpfaom pD&ifpkwck. Oya'jyKzGJ@odk@‚if;nGef;xm;jcif;[k rSwf,l&rnfJ? odk@r[kwf

( c) EdkifiHorRwwpfOD;/ 0ef}uD;csKyf/ tkyfcsKyfa&;t&m±Sd odk@r[kwftjcm;0ef}uD;csKyf / 0ef}uD;tzGJ@/ 0ef}uD;rsm;aumifpD odk@r[kwf orRwEdkifiHodk@r[kwfarG;&yfXmaetkyf csKyfa&;aumifpD odk@nGef;xm;aom/

(1) ,if;Oya'tm;taumiftxnfaz:vkyfaqmif&eftm; ,QifzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya' odk@r[kwf TtpDtpOfrStrdsK;om; tkyfcsKyfa&;odk@cGJa0ay; xm;jcif; odk@r[kwfwm0efowfrSwfay;xm;jcif;jzpfaomf zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccH Oya'topfwGif orRwokd@‚if;/

(2) ,if;Oya'tm; taumiftxnfaz:vkyfaqmif&ef tm;,QifzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya' odk@r[kwf TtpDtpOfrSpD&ifpktkyfcsKyfa&;wcktm;cGJa0ay;xm; jcif; odk@r[kwfwm0efowfrSwfay;xm;jcif;jzpfaom zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHO ya'topfwGif pD&ifpkwck.0ef}uD;csKyfodk@‚if; -nGef;xm;jcif;[krSwf,l&rnf?

trdsK;om;vGwfawmf 4? (1) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccH Oya'topf ouf0ifumvY trdsK;om;vGwfawmfwGif tzGJ@0if wOD;jzpfol odk@r[kwfvkyfief;&mxl;,lxm;olwOD;onf zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya't topf atmufwGif tzGJ@0ifwOD; odk@r[kwffvkyfief;&mxl;,lxm;ol jzpfvmjyD;tzGJ@ 0ifwOD;.&mxl; odk@r[kwfvkyfief;&mxl;tm;zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topft& xrf;aqmifonf? (2) tydkif;cGJ (1) t&zGJ@pnf;xm;aomtrsdK;om;v$wfawmfonf 1999-ckESpf {jyDv (30) &ufwGifoufwef;ukefqHk;aom jynfol@v$wfawmfodk@ zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya't opf t&a±G;aumufwifajrmufjcif; tjzpfrSwf,l&rnf? (3) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topf. yk'fr 49 (4) t&trdsK;om;vGwfawmfwGif 1999-ckESpf {jyDv (30) &ufwGifoufwef;ukefqHk;aomtzGJ@0if (400) OD;yg0ifonf? (4) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topf ouf0ifr_jzpfcsdefwGifwnfqJtrsdK;om;vGwf awmf enf;Oya'rsm;ESifh trdef@rsm;onf jznfhpGwfjyifqifjcif; odk@r[kwf ±kyfodrf;jcif; w&yf&yft& qufvufwnf±dSonf? ygvDrefa±S@arSmufrjyD;jywfao;aomvkyfief;rsm; 5 ? (1) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccH Oya'topfouf0ifaom tcsdefwGifrjyD;jywfao;aom rnff onfh trdsK;om;v$wfawmfvkyfief;rqdk kzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topft&quf vufvkyfaqmif&rnf? (2) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya' topfouf0ifaom tcsdefwGif rjyD;jywfao;aomrnf onfh qD;edwfvkyfief;rqdktm; pD&ifpkrsm;trsdK;om;aumifpDodk@nGef;&rnfjzpfjyD; ,if;

Page 125: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

125 vkyfief;tm;zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topft&qufvufvkyfaqmif&rnf? trsdK;om;vGwfawmf. a±G;aumufyGJrsm; 6 ? (1) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topf. yk'fr 102 (2) t&orRwtm;t,Hkt}unfr±Sd tqdkt& yk'fr 50 (2)t&vGwfawmftm;zsufodrf;jcif;rSwyg;rnfonfh trsdK;om; vGwfawmfa±G;aumufyGJudkr# 1999-ckESpf {jyDvrwdkifrSD rusif;yEdkifay ? (2) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcskyfyHktajccH Oya'topf. yk'fr 50 (1)tm; 1999-ckESpf {jyDv (30) &ufae@txd qdkif;xm;onf? (3) ,QifzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'tm;zsufodrf;aomfjim;vnf; ,if;zGJ@pnf;tkyf csKyfyHk tajccHOya'vkyfief; tpDtpOf (2) tm; Tvkyfief;tpDtpOf/. yl;wGJ(u) t& jyifqif jznfhpGwfxm;jcif;onf ? (u) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccH Oya'topft& yxrt}udrf trsdK;om;vGwfawmf a±G;aumufyGJtm;‚if; /

(c) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topf. yk'fr 47 (3)wGifjyXmef;xm;aomt ajctaersm;a}umifh v$wfawmf.tzGJ@0ifjzpfjcif;rS qHk;±_H;r_rSwyg;tjcm;tzGJ@0if jzpfjcif;rS qHk;±H_;r_tm;‚if; / ESifh

(* ) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topft& 'kwd,a±G;aumufyGJtxdvGwfawmf wGif vpfvyfaeaomae&mrsm;jznfhpGwfjcif; / ESifhjznfhjcif; / vpfvyfae&mrsm; jznfh&eftwGufygwDpm&if;Z,m;rsm;tm; ppfaq;jcif;ESifh toHk;jyKjcif;tm;‚if; oufqdkifaponf? (4) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccH Oya'topf. yk'fr 47 (4) tm;zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya' topfatmufwGif usif;yaom'kwd,t}udrftrsKd;om;v$wfawmf a±G;aumufyGJum v txdqdkif;xm;onf ? pD&ifpktrdsK;om;aumifpD & ? (1) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccH Oya'topfatmufwGifusif;yaom yxrt}udrfa±G;aumuf yGJrSwifajrmufaom pD&ifpkOya'jyK tzGJ@. yxrt}udrftpnf;ta0; rjyD;rSDumvav; wGif- ( u ) pD&ifpkrsm;trsdK;om;aumifpDodk@apv$wfaom udk,fpm;vS,ftzGJ@. ygwDudk,f pm;jyKr_tcsdK;onf ,QifzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'yk'fr 48 t&tqdkjyKt rnfwifoGif;aom pD&ifpk. qD;edwftrwf 10 OD;tcsdK;pm; twdkif;jzpf&rnf ? ESifh

( c) pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@wGif udk,fpm;jyKaomygwDrsm; odk@tjrJwef;udk,fpm;vS,f rsm;ESifhtxl; udk,fpm;vS,frsm; cGJa0r_rSmatmufygtwdkif;jzpfonf?

Page 126: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

126

tjrJwef;udk,fpm;vS,f txl;udk,fpm;vS,f 1 ta±S@udzf at tJef pD (ANC) 5

tJef zD (NP ) 1 at tJef pD ( 4)

2 v$wfvyfjynfe,f at tJef pD 4 tuf(zf)tuf(zf) (FF )1

at tJef pD ( 4 )

3 a*:wif attJefpD ( 3 ) 'DzD (DP )- 1 tuf (zf) tuf(zf) (FF )-1 tifzD -1

attJefpD- 3

4 cGgZlvlemwm attJefpD -1 'DzD -1 tdkiftuf(zf)yD (IFP ) -3 tifzD -1

attJefpD- 2 tdkiftuf(zf)yD-2

5 rzlrmvefrum attJefpD - 4 tuf(zf)tuf(zf) -1 tifyD - 1

attJefpD -4

6

ajrmufudzf

attJefpD 3 tuf(zf)tuf(zf) 1 tifzD 2

attJefpD -2 tifzD -2

7 ajrmufpD&ifpk attJefpD 6 attJefpD 4 8 taemufajrmuf attJefpD 4

tuf(zf)tuf(zf) 1 tifzD 1

attJefpD- 4

9 taemufudzf attJefpD 2 'DzD 1 tifyD 3

attJefpD-1 tifzD 3

( 2) pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@wckwGif udk,fpm;jyK aomygwDwygwDonf ( u) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'wnfaomtcsdefwGif qD;edwftrwfrsm;jzpfjyD;

tjrJwef;udk,fpm;vS,frsm;tjzpf xrf;aqmif&efqEN±dSolrsm;twGif;rS ‚if;. tjrJwef;udk,fpm; vS,frsm;tm; trnftqdkwifoGif;jcif;jyK&rnf ? ESifh

( c) ,QifqD;edwftrwfrsm; r&Edkifjcif;odk@r[kwf rvHkavmufjcif;rsm;wGifomtjcm; olrsm;tm; tjrJwef;udk,fpm;vS,frsm;tjzpf trnftqdkwifoGif;jcif;jyKEdkif onf ?

(3) pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@w&yfonf ‚if;wdk@. tjrJwef;udk,fpm;vS,frsm; ygwDrsm;.trnft qdkwifoGif;jcif;t& / omcef@tyf&rnf ? (4 ) tydk'f cGJ (2) ESifh (3) rsm;onfpD&ifpk rsm;trsdKom;aumifpDodk@ yxrt}udrf tjrJwef; udk,fpm;vS,f cef@tyfjcif;twGufomt}uHK0ifonf?

Page 127: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

127 (5 ) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topf. yk'fr 62 (1) onf ,QifqD;edwftrwfrsm;tm; Ttydk'f t&tjrJwef;udk,fpm;vS,ftjzpf trnfwifoGif;tqdkjyKjcif;ESifh cef@tyf jcif;wdk@tm; tusKH;0ifjcif;r±Sday ?

(6) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'wnfaomtcsdefwGif wnfqJqD;edwfenf;Oa'ESifh trdefJ@ rsm;tm;jznfh pGwfjyifqifEdkifjcif;ESifh / ±kwfodrf;Edkifjcif;w&yf&yft& trdsK;kom;aumif pD.vkyfief;wGif usifhoHk;I&Edkifonfh tqifhtxdusifhoHk;&rnf ?

,QifqD;edwftrwfrsm; * ? (1) pD&ifpkrsm;trdsK;om;aumifpD odk@tjrJwef;udk,fpm;vS,ftjzpfcef@tyfjcif; rcH&aom ,QifqD;edwftrwfwOD;onf ,QifzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'. yk'fr 48 t& ‚if; tm;qD;edwftrwfwOD;tjzpf trnfwifoGif;tqdkjyKc@Jaom pD&ifpk. Oya'jyKtzGJ@ wGif rJay;EdkifcGifh±Sd wif;jynfhtzGJ@0ifwOD;jzpf&ef&ydkifcGifh±dSonf ? (2) ,QifqD;edwfv$wfawmf trwfwOD;onf pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@w&yf. tzGJ@0ifrjzpfjcif; tm;a±G;aumufonf ,if;yk*~dKvfonf zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topfouf 0ifjcif;r±Sdrnf w&ufwGifqD;edwfv$wfawmf trwftjzpfrS E_wfxGufonf[kowf rSwfonf ? (3) tjrJwef;udk,fpm;vS,fwOD;tjzpf odk@r[kwfpD&ifpk Oya'jyKtzGJ@w&yf. tzGJ@0ifw OD;tjzpfcef@tyfaom ,QifqD;edwftrwfwOD;. vpg / cGifhjyKa}u;ESifhcHpm;cGifhrsm;tm; ,if;cef@tyfr_ta}umif;wckjzifhom av#mhcsjcif;yjyKEdkifay ? trdsK;om;tkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJ@ 9 ? (1) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccH Oay'pwifusifhoHk;csdefwGif ,QifzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya' atmufwGif orRwtkyfcsKyfa&; tzGJ@'kwd, orRw wOD; 0ef}uD;odk@r[kwf 'kwd,0ef }uD;wOD;onf ,if;&mxl;tm; zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya'topf t&qufvuf xrf;aqmifonf ? odk@aomf tydk'fcGJ (2) t&jzpf&rnf ? (2) 1999- ckESpf {jyDv 30 &ufae@txd / zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topf. yk'fr 84/ 89 / 90 / 91 / 93 / 96 wdk@tm; Tvkyfief;tpDtpOf. yl;wGJ (c) wGifcs rSwfxm; onfhtwdkif; zwf}um;onf[krSwf,l&rnf ? ( 3) tydk'fcGJ (2) onfzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'tjzpf pwifwnfaomtcsdefwGif qD; edwftrwfjzpfcJ@ol 0ef}uD;wOD;tm;zGJ@pnf;tkyf csKyfyHktajccHOya'yk'fr 91 (1) &nf nGef;xm;jcif;tm;yl;wGJ (c) wGifzwf&ouJ@odk@ 0ef}uD;wOD;tjzpf qufvufjzpfjcif; tm;rwm;qD;ay ? pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@rsm; 10 ? (1) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya'topfpwifwnfcsdefwGif pD&ifpkwck. Oya'jyKtzGJ@ tzGJ@ 0if odk@r[kwf &mxl;wcktm;wm0ef,laeol rnfolrqdkzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya' opfESifh pD&ifpkwckck. twnfjyKaompD&ifpkzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'atmuf wGif ,if;pD&ifpk. Oya'jyKtzGJ@ tzGJ@0ifodk@ odk@r[kwf&mxl;wckwGifxrf;aqmifol tjzpf / (2) yk'frcGJ (1) t&zGJ@pnf;xm;aom pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzJG@w&yfonf zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHkt ajc Oya'topfatmufwGif 1999-ckESpf {jyDv (30) &ufae@xda±G;aumufwif

Page 128: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

128 ajrmufcH&jcif;tjzpfrSwf,l&rnf ? (3 ) 1999-ckESpf {jyDv (30) &ufae@wGifukefqHk;aomoufwef;twGufeSifh yk'fr 108 (4) vufatmufcHr_t& pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@wGif ,QifzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya' atmufowfrSwfay;xm;aom tzGJ@0ifrsm;OD;a&taygif; Tvkyfief;tpDtpOf. t rSwfpOf (*) t& Oya'jyKtzGJ@0ifjzpfvmaom ,QifqD;edwftrwfrsm;yg0ifonf ? (4) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya'topfpwif wnfcsdefwGifwnfqJpD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@w zGJ@. pnf;rsOf;Oya'rsm;ESifh trdef@rsm;onfjyifqifjznfhpGufjcif;ESifh zsufodrf;jcif;jyK Edkifjcif;t& qufvuftm%mwnfonf? pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@rsm;. a±G;aumufyGJrsm; 11 ? (1 ) ,QifzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccH Oya'tm;zsufodrf;aomfvnf; ,if;zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHkt ajc cHOya'. vkyfief;tpDtpOf 2 onf Tvkyfief;. aemufqufwGJ (u) jyifqif jznfhpGufcsuft& - (u) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya'topfatmufðyvkyfaom pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@y xrt}udrfa±G;aumufyGJodk@‚if; (c ) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topf. yk'fr 106 (3) wGifjyXmef;xm;aom tajctaersm;rSty Oya'jyKtzGJ@. tzGJ@0ifjzpfjcif;qHk;±_H;jcif;odk@ ‚if; ? ESifh ( * ) Oya'jyKtzGJ@w&yfwGif vpfvyfae&mrsm;tm; zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOy opfatmufwGif usif;yaom 'kwd,t}udrfa±G;aumufyGJtxd jznfhpGufjcif; ESifh xyfjznfhjcif; / vpfvyfae&mrsm; jznfhpGwf&efygwDpm&if;rsm;jyefvnfoHk; oyfjcif;ESifh toHk;jyKjcif;odk@‚if; oufqdkifjcif;±dSEdkifonf (2) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topf. yk'fr 106 (4) . pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@w&yf qdkif &mtm;zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'opfatmufwGifusif;yaom Oya'jyKtzGJ@ 'kwd , t}udrfa±G;aumufyGJtxd qdkif;iHhxm;onf ? pD&ifpktkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJ@rsm; 12 ? (1) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccH Oya'topfpwifwnfcsdefwGif pD&ifpkwck. 0ef}uD;csKyfodk@r [kwf tkyfcsKyfa&;aumifpDtzGJ@0ifwOD;jzpfolrnfolrqdk zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya' topf ESifhjyXmef;Edkifaomrnfonfh pD&ifpkzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya'rqdkt& ,if;&mxl;wGif qufvuf±Sdaejcif;ESifh qufvufwm0ef,lonf ? odk@aomfyk'frcGJ (2) t&jzpf&rnf? (2) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topfatmufwGif usif;yaompD&ifpkwck. Oya'jyK tzGJ@ yxrt}udrfa±G;aumufyGJrS a±G;aumufaom0ef}uD;csKyfrS wm0ef,laomt csdeftxd odk@r[kwfpD&ifpkrS‚if;. zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya'tm;jyXmef;onfht csdeftxd / t&ifqHk;jzpfay:r_t& zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya'topf. yk'fr 132 ESifh 136 wdk@onf Tvkyfief;tpDtpOf. yl;wGJ; (8 )wGifaz:jyonf twdkif;zwf }um;jcif; jzpfonf[krSwf,l&rnf ? pD&ifpkrsm; zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya' 13 ? zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topf pwifwnfcsdefrwdkif rSDjyXmef;aom pD&ifpkzGJ@pnf;

Page 129: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

129 tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'w&yfonf zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya'topf / yk'fr 143 ESifh o[Zmwjzpf&rnf ? pD&ifpkrsm;odk@Oya'wm0efay;jcif; 14 ? (1) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topf. vkyfief;tpDtpOf 4 odk@r[kwf 5 wGifaz:jy xm;aomvkyfief;a'owGifusa&mufaom ta&;udpPwckESifh ywfoufjyD;zGJ@pnf;tkyf csKyf yHktajccHOya'topfwnfcsdefwGif trdsK;om;tkyfcsKyfa&;twGif;rSm tm%mydkif w&yfrS taumiftxnfaz:aqmif±Gufaeaom Oya'w&yftm; EdkifiHawmforRw rSxkwfjyefa}unm r_jyKjcif;jzifh pD&ifpkwck. tkyfcsKyfa&;aumifpDrS tqdkjyKwifoGif aom pD&ifpmtkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJ@0if tm%mydkifwOD;tm;wm0efay;aqmif±GufapEdkif onf ? (2) tydk'fcGJ (1) atmufOya'tm; wm0efay;v$Jtyfjcif;tay:xda&mufpGm taumift txnfaz:vkyfEdkif&ef twdkif;twmtxdorRwonf / xkwfjyefa}unmr_jzifh- (u) Oya'tm;t"dy`g,fzGifhqdkr_ odk@r[kwfusifhoHk;r_tm; xdef;ay;jcif; twGufjyif qifjznfhpGufjcif; odk@r[kwftajctaeESifh vkdufavsmnDaxGap&efajymif;vJ ay;jcif;tm;‚if; / ( c ) wm0efay;aqmif±Gufapjcif;onf Oya'w&yfvkH;. tpdwftydkif;wckcktm; usKH;0ifapjcif; r±dSaomtydk'f (u) &nfnGef;ygjyifqifjznfhpGufjcif; odk@r[kwftajctaeESifhvdkufavsmnD axGap&ef ajymif;vJay;jcif;jzifhjzpfap / rygbJjzpfap/ wm0efay; aqmif±Gufapjcif;ESifh oufqdkifaeaomjyXmef;csufrsm; odk@r[kwf ‚if;wdk@tm; wm0efay;aqmif±Gufapjcif;. ywfoufaejcif; twdkif; twmtxd ±kyfodrf;jcif; odk@r[kwfjyefvnfwnfapjcif;tm; /‚if; / odk@r[kwf ( * ) 0efxrf;tm;ajymif;a±G@jcif; odk@r[kwfxyfwdk;jcif; odk@r[kwfydkifqdkifr_ypPnf; pkpkaygif; / wm0ef±Sdr_rsm;/ tcGifhta&;rsm;ESifh uwdwm0efrsm;tm;trsdK;om; odk@r[kwfpD&ifpktkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJ@wzGJ@ odk@r[kwfEdkifiH. Xmewckck / pDrHuGwfuJ r_wckck / vkHjcHKa&;wyfzGJ@ wckckodk@r[kwf tjcm;taqmufttHkwckck odk@r [kwfrS / v$Jajymif;ay;jcif;tm;‚if;/ (3) (u) tydk'fcGJ (1) odk@r[kwf (2) t&xkwfjyefaomxkwfjyefa}unmcsuf rdxWLrSefwckpD tm; trsdKk;om;v$wfawmf ESifhpD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om;aumifpDodk@ xkwfjyefa}u nmcsuftm; yHkEdSyfxkwfa0jcif;jyKaomae@&ufrS (10) &uftwGif;wifoGif;jcif;jyK rnf ? ( c) trsdK;om;v$wfawmfESifh trsdK;om;aumifpD ESpf&yfvkH;rS oabmwlqHk;jzwfcsuf jzifh xkwfjyefa}unmcsuftm; odk@r[kwf,if;.jyXmef;csufw&yf&yftm;rESpf oufa}umif;az:jyaom xkwfjyefa}unmcsuf odk@r[kwfjyXmef;csufonf ysufjy,fonf ? odk@aomf (1) ysufjy,fjcif;umv rwdkifrSDxkwfjyefa}unmcsuft& odk@r[kwfjyXmef; csuf t&rnfonfvkyfaqmifcJhr_rqdk. w&m;ouf0ifr_ odk@r[kwf / (2) ysufjy,fjcif;umvrwdkifrSD tcGifhta&;w&yf odk@r[kwf&,lcJ@aom t cGihf xl;w&yfodk@r[kwf *wdwm0efw&yfodk@r[kwf wif±Sdaomwm0ef±dS r_rsm; / -tm;xdckdufepfemapjcif;r±dSay ? (4) Oya'w&yftm;tydk'fcGJ (1) t&wm0efay;vkyfaqmif&apjcif;jzpfaom Oya'wGifpD

Page 130: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

130 rHuGwfuJ&ef nGef;xm;aom pD&ifpktm%mydkifwOD;OD;tm; wm0efay;vkyfaqmifap aom tm%mydkiftm;nGef;jcif;jzpfonf[k t"dy`g,fzGifhqdk&rnf (5) jyifqifjznfhpGwfjcif;w&yf&yf / tajctaeESifhvdkufavsmnDaxGap&ef ajymif;vJay; jcif; w&yf&yfodk@r[kwf zsufodrf;jcif;w&yf&yfESifh jyefvnfOya'wnfapjcif; w&yf &yftygt0if ,QifzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'yk'fr 235 (8) atmufcHrnf onfhwm0efay;aqmif±Gufapjcif; w&yf&yftm;rqdkodk@r[kwf ,if;yk'fratmuf wGifrnfonfhaqmuf±Gufr_w&yf&yftm;rqdk / TtrSwfpOfatmufwGifaqmif ±GufcJhjcif;jzpfonf [krSwf,l&rnf ? ygvDref Oya'jyKr_tm%m jyifywGif±SdaomwnfqJOya' 15 ? (1) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'opfpwifwnfcsdefwGif ygvDrefOya'jyKr_tm%m jyifywGifusa&mufaom Oya'w&yf&yftm; taumiftxnfaz:pDrHuGwfuJae aom trdsK;om;tkyfcsKyfa&;twGif;±dS tm%mydkifwOD;onf Tvkyfief;tpDtpOf . trSwf (14) tpDtpOft& pD&ifpktkyfcsKyfa&;twGif;±Sd tm%mydkifwOD;odk@wm0ef ay;aqmif±Gufapaom tcsdeftxdpDrH uGwfuJr_pGrf;tm; qufvufwnf±Sdonf ? ( 2) tpDtpOfcGJ (1) onfzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'opfouf0ifr_±SdjyD;aemufESpfESpf wGif ysufjy,fonf ? w&m;±Hk;rsm; 16 ? (1) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccH Oya'pwifouf0ifr_ ±dScsdefwGifwnfqJ w&m;±Hk;wdkif;onf / tpOftvmacgif;aqmifrsm; w&m;±Hk;rsm;tygt0if / qufvufwnf±dSjyD; ,if;ESifh oufqdkifr_±Sdaeaom Oya'.owfrSwfxm;csufrsm;t& w&m;pD&ifa&;vkyfief;rsm; qufvufvkyfaqmif&rnfjzpfjyD; w&m;a&;0efxrf;&mxl;,lxm;olrnfolwOD;w a,mufrqdk ,if;&mxl;ESifh oufqdkifr_±Sdaom Oya'jyKjcif;ESifh tnD (u) ,if;Oya'. jyifqifjznfhpGwfr_ odk@r[kwf±kyfodrf;r_ w&yf&yft&‚if; / ESifh ( c) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topfESifho,HZmw jzpfjcif;±Sdr_t&‚if; -,if;&mxl;tm;qufvuf,lxm;onf ? (2) (u) ,QifzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'rSzGJ@pnf;wnfaxmifxm;aom zGJ@pnf;tkyf csKyf yHktajccHOya'w&m;±Hk;onf zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya'topfatmuf wGif zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHw&m;±Hk;jzpfvmonf? ( c ) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyf ajccHOya'topfpwifouf0ifr_±dScsdefwGif zG@Jpnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk t ajccH Oya'w&m;±Hk;. OuUX / 'kwd,OuUX odk@r[kwfw&m;ol}uD;wOD;&m tm;,lxm;olrnfolrqdk zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topf atmufzGJ@ pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'w&m;±Hk;. OuUX / 'kOuUX odk@r[kwfw&m;ol }uD;jzpfvmjyD; ‚if;[email protected];ao;aom&mxl;oufwef;tm; zGJ@pnf;tkyf csKyfyHk tajccHOya'topf. yk'fr 176 (1) wGifjyXmef;xm;owfrSwfay; xm;aom ‚if;[email protected];twGuf &mxl;wGifqufvufwnf±Sdkonf ? (3) (u) awmiftmz&du EdkifiH.w&m;±kH;csKyf. t,lcHjcif;qdkif&m Xme}uD;onf zGJ@pnf; tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topfatmufwGif w&m;±Hk;csKyf t,lcHw&m;±Hk;jzpfvm onf ? ( c) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya'topf pwifoufa&mufr_±SdcsdefwGif w&m;±Hk;csKyf . t,lcHjcif; qdkif&mXme}uD;. w&m;ol}uD;csKyf / vufaxmufw&m;ol}uD; csKyf vufaxmufw&m;ol}uD;csKyf odk@r[kwfw&m;ol}uD;tjzpf/ &mxl;vuf

Page 131: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

131 udkifxm;ol wpkHwOD;onf zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topfatmufwGif w&m;±Hk;csKyf t,lcHw&m;±Hk;. w&m;ol}uD;csKyf / vufaxmufw&m;ol}uD; csKyf odk@r[kwf w&m;ol}uD;wOD;jzpfvmonf ? (4) (u) awmiftmz&duEdkifiH. w&m;±Hk;csKyf.pD&ifpk odk@r[kwf a'oqdkif&m w&m;±Hk; . tpdwftydkif; w&m;±Hk;tydkif;w&m±Hk;odk@r[kwf Xmaea'owck. w&m;±Hk; odk@r[kwf w&m;±Hk;. taxGaxGtpdwftydkif;w&m;wckonf tpdwftydkif; w&m;wckonf zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccH Oya'opfatmufwGif‚if;. pD&ifydkif cGifhtm%mwpHkw&majymif;vJ r_r±dStpDtpOfcGJJ (6) wGif&nfrSef;az:jyxm; aom}udk;a}umif;qifjcifEdkifaom udpPw&yfw&yft&txufwef; w&m; ±Hk;wckjzpfvmonf ? (c ) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccH Oya'opfouf0ifr_±dScsdefwGif tydk'f (u) wGifaz:jy yg±dSaomw&m;±Hk; w±Hk;±Hk;.w&m;ol}uD;OuUX / vufaxmufw&m;ol}uD; OuUX odk@r[kwfw&m;ol}uD;&mxl; udkifxm;olodk@r[kwf udkifxm;onf [k ,lqxm;olwOD;OD;onf zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccH Oya'topfatmuf wGif tpDtpOf (6) wGif&nfrSef;az:jyxm;aomfusdK;a}umif;qifjcifEdkif aom udpPw&yf&yft& ,if;w&m;±Hk;w±Hk;. w&m;ol}uD;OuUX / vuf axmufw&m;ol}uD;wOD;jzpfvmonf?

(5) pmom;ESifhavsmnDaxGr_r±dSjcif; odk@r[kwfxifxif±Sm;±Sm;roifhavsmjcif; udpPrSt y / Oya'w&yf&yfodk@r[kwf wdk;wufjzpfay: r_w&yf&yftay:nGef;&mwGif- (u) ,QifzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'atmufzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'cHk ±Hk;tm;zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya'topfatmufzGJ@pnf; tkyfcsKyfyHktajccH Oya'w&m;±Hk;tm; &nfnGef;r_w&yftjzpf t"dy`g,fzGifhqdk &rnf ? ( c) awmiftmz&du EdkifiH.w&m;±Hk;csKyf. t,lcHjcif;qdkif&m Xme}uD;tm;w&m;±Hk; csKyft,lcH w&m;±Hk;tm;&nfnGef;r_ w&yftjzpf t"dy`g,fzGifhqdk&rnf ? ESifh/

(6) (u) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'opf ouf0ifjzpfjyD;aemuf tjzpfEdkifqHk;aomwdk awmif;umvtwGif;wGif ‚if;[email protected]@pnf;.zGJ@pnf;wnfaqmufyHk / aygif;pyf zGJpnf;r_ / vkyfief;vkyfaqmifr_ESifh w&m;pD&ifr_ESifh ywfoufaeaomOya'tm; vHk;tygt0ifw&m;a&;pepf / vkdtyfr_rsm;ESifhvdkufavsm nDaxG±dSaomtjrif w&yfjzifh pOf;pm;csifhcsdefay;&rnf ? ( c ) w&m;pD&ifa&;vkyfief;wGifwm0ef±dSaeol 0ef}uD;tzGJ@0ifonftydk'f (u) wGif &nfrSef;xm;aom pOf;pm;csifhcsdefay;r_tm; w&m;a&;vkyfief;aumfr±Siftm; aqG;aEG;t}uHOm%fawmif;,ljyD;pDrHcef@cGJay;&rnf ? w&m;±Hk;a±S@arSufapmifhqdkif;aeaomr_cif;rsm; 17 ? zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya'topfpwifouf0ifr_ ±dScsdefwGifw&m;±Hk;a±S@arSufa&mufae aomaqmif±Gufr_tm;vkH;wdk@tm; w&m;a&;tusdK;oufa&mufr_. tjcm;vdktyfcsufw &yf&yfrSwyg; / zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topfrjyXmef;ouJ@odk@ pDpOf&rnf ? pGJcsufwiftm%m 18 ? (u) ,QifzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccH Oya'yk'fr (108 ) onfzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccH Oya' topfyk'fr (179 ) wGif&nfrSef;az:jyxm;aomygvDreftufOya'rS ouf0ifr_±dSvm

Page 132: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

132 aomumvtxd qufvuftm%mwnfonf ? TtpDtpOfcGJonfyk'fr (179) t&trdsK;om;trsm;jynfol pGJcsufwifolnGef}um;a&;r_;cef@tyfjcif;tm; xdcdkufap apjcif;r±Sday ? ( c) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccH Oya'topfpwifouf0ifr_ ±SdcsdefwGifa±S@aecsKyf&mxl;udkif xm;ola±S@aecsLyfwOD;onf ‚if;&mxl;wGiftpDtpOfcGJ (1) t&qufvufvkyf aqmifonf ? usef;opPmESifh tcdkiftrmjyKjcif;rsm; 19 ? Tvkyfief;tpDtpOf owfrSwfcsufrsm;t&&mxl;wGifqufvuf±SdaeaomolwOD;onf ,QifzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'atmufwGif usef;opPmusdefqdkjcif; odk@r[kwfwnf }unfav;euf wnf}unftcdkiftrmjyKjcif;tm; jyKvkyfxm;yguzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajc cHOya'topfatmufwGif &mxl;.usef;opPmusdefqdkjcif; odk@r[kwfav;eufwnf}unf tcdkiftrmjyKjcif; wzefvkyfaqmif&efrvGJa±Smifwm0ef±dSayonf ? zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya'tjcm;taqmufttHkrsm; 20 ? (1) Tyk'frwGif "zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'taqmufttHkonf (u) jynfoltumtuG,fay;ol ( c ) vltcGifhta&;aumfr±Sif ( * ) vdifwef;wlr_ aumfr±Sif

(C) pm&if;ppfcsKyf ( i) awmiftmz&duoD;oef@b%f (p ) b¾ma&;ESifh tcGeffawmfaumfr±Sif ( q) w&m;a&;vkyfief;aumfr±Sif odk@r[kwf ( Z) awmiftmz&du EdkifiHvHk;qdkif&m bmompum;bkwftzGJ@ -t"dy`g,f±dSonf ?

(2) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'pwifouf0ifcsdefwGif,cif zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOy a'. owfrSwfcsufrsm;t& zJG@pnf;wnfaxmifcJhaom zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya' taqmufttkHw&yfonf ‚if;twGufjyXgef;ay;xm;aom owfrSwfcsufrsm;t& qufvufvkyfief;vkyfaqmif+yD; aumfr±Sif. TzJG@0ifwOD; oD;oef@b%fbkwftzJG@. TzJG@0ifwOD; okd@r[kwf awmiftmz&duEkdifiHvkH;qkdif&m bmompum;bkwftzJG@. tzJG@0ifwOD;/ jynfol@tumtuG,fay;ol okd@r[kwfpm&if;ppfcsKyfukdifxm;ol rnfol rqkd ,if;&mxl;ae&mESifh oufqkdifaom Oya'. owfrSwfcsufrsm;t& ,if;&mxl; tm; (u) ,if;Oya'tm; jyifqifjznfhpGufjcif; okd@r[kwf ±kwfodrf;jcif;ESifh (c) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'topfESifh vdkufavsmnDaxGr_±Sdjcif;

- vufatmufcHjzifh qufvufukdifxm;onf? (3) ,cifzJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'. yk'fr 199 (1) / 200(1)/ (3)ESifh (5)rS (11)xdESifh

(201)rS (206)xdwkd@onf zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'topf. yk'fr(75). owfrSwfcsufrsm;t& ygvDreftufOya'w&yfjzifh ±kyfodrf;csdeftxd qufvufouf 0ifjcif;±Sdonf?

Page 133: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

133(4) ,cifzJG@pnf;tkyfcsKkyfykH tajccHOya'. yk'fr 105(1) (Z)wGifnGef;xm;aom w&m;a&;

0efxrf; aumfr±SiftzJG@0ifrsm;onf zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'topf. yk'fr 178(1)wGifnGef;xm;aom tzJG@0ifrsm;cef@tyf+yD;csdefwGif tzJG0iftjzpfrS&yfqkdif;onf?

(5) (u) ,cifzJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'. owfrSwfcsufrsm;t& zJG@pnf;wnfaxmif aom Akd@pwufaumifpDonf ‚if;ESifh ywfoufaom Oya'owfrSwfcsufrsm; t& qufvufwnf±Sd+yD; zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'topfpwifouf0ifr_±Sd csdefwGif aumifpD. tzJG@0if&mxl;tm; ukdifxm;olrnfolrqkd ,if;&mxl;ESifh oufqkdifaom owfrSwfcsufrsm;t& - (1) ,if;Oya'tm; jyifqifjznfhpGufjcif; okd@r[kwf ±kwfodrf;jcif;ESifh (2) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'topfESifh vkdufavsmnDaxG±Sdjcif; -

vufatmufcHr_jzifh &mxl;tm;qufvufukdifxm;onf? (c) ,cifzJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOy'. yk'fr 184(u)ESifh 184(c)1(u)/ (c)ESifh

(C)wkd@onf zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOy'topf. yk'fr (75)owfrSwfcsuf rsm; t& ygvDreftufOy'w&yfjzifh ±kyfodrf;csdeftxd qufvufouf0ifjcif;±Sd onf?

zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'topfvkdtyfcsuft& Oy'ðyjyXgef;jcif; 21? (1) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'topfrS trsdK;om; okd@r[kwf pD&ifpkOya'tm; Oya'ðyjy

Xgef;ay;&ef vkdtyfr_wGif ,if;Oy'tm; oufqkdifaeaom tm%mykdifrS zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'topf ouf0ifr_±Sd+yD;aemuf usdK;a=umif;qDavsmfaom tcsdefumvt wGif; Oy'ðyjyXgef; ay;&rnf?

(2) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'topf. yk'fr 198(c)tm;,if;Oya'wGif &nfrSef;xm; aomOya'tm;Oya'ðyjyXgef;csdeftxd vkdufemaqmif±Gufapjcif; tm;rðyEkdifay?

(3) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'topf. yk'fr 199(3)(u)tm; ,if;Oya'wGif &nfrSef; xm;aomOya'tm; Oya'ðyjyXgef;+yD;aemufokH;vrukefqkH;rSDwGif vkdufemaqmif±Guf apjcif;tm; rðyEkdifay?

(4) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'topf. yk'fr 217 (3)wGif&nfrSef;xm;aom trsdK;om; Oya'tm; zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOy'topfpwifouf0ifaomae@rS okH;ESpftwGif; Oya'ðyjyXgef; &rnf? okd@aomf TumvtwGif; TOya'r±Sdr_a=umifh yk'fr 217(2) wGifnGef;xm;aom rlvrf; pOftm; taumifxnfaz:vkyfaqmifjcif;ukdfrwm;qD;ay?

(5) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOy'topf. yk'fr65(1)wGif nGef;xm;aom ygvDreftufOy a'tm; Oya'ðyjyXgef;csdeftxd pD&ifpkOya'ðytzJG@wzJG@jcif;onf pD&ifpkrsm; trsdK;om; aumifpDwGif rdrdukd,fpm; rdrdukd,fpm;vS,ftzJG@ rJxnfhjcif;qkdif&mtm %mtyfESif;jcif; tm; rdrd.vkyfxkH;vkyf enf;jzifh qkH;jzwfEkdifonf?

(6) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'topfyk'fr 229(1)(c)wGif&nfrSef;xm;aom Oya'tm; Oya'ðyjyXgef;csdefxd jrLeDpyg,fe,fajrwckonf zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'pwif oufa&mufcsdefwGif ‚if;tm;vkyfykdifcGifhtm%may;xm;aom tcGeftwkwfoGif; ukefcGef okd@r[kwf taumuf cGefpnf;=uyfjcif;. vkyfykdifcGifh qufvufwnf±Sdonf?

trsdk;om;pnf;vkH;nDnGwfa&;ESifh jyefvnf&if=um;apha&; 22? zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'topf. tjcm;aomjyXgef;csufrsm;±Sdaomfjim;vnf;ESifh ,cif

zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'tm; ±kwfodrf;aomfjim;vnf; ,cifzJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'. “trsdK;om;pnf;vkH;nDnGwfa&;ESifh jyefvnf&if=um;apha&;”acgif;pOf

Page 134: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

134atmufwGif yg0ifaom v$wfawmf+idrf;csrf;omcGifh jyXgef;csufrsm;tm;vkH;wkd@onf &if=um; apha&;ðypkysdK;axmifjcif;qkdif&m tufOya' 1995 (1995 ) ckESpf. tufOya'(34)tm; jyifqifjznfhpGufonfhtwkdif; ‚if; .w&m;0ifjcif;&nf±Gufcsuftygt0ifwkd@tm; zJG@pnf; tkyfcsKyf ykHtajccHOya'topf. tpdwf tykdif;tjzpfrSwf,lonf?

tcGifhta&;rsm;Oya'=urf; 23? (1) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'topf. yk'fr9(4) / 32(2)ESifh 33(3)wkd@wGif &nfrSef;xm;

aom trsdK;om;Oya'tm; zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya'topf ouf0ifr_jzpfaeaom ae@rS okH;ESpft wGif; Oya'ðyjyXgef;ay;&rnf?

(2) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'topf. yk'fr 32(1)ESifh 33(3)wkd@wGif &nfrSef;xm;aom Oya' tm; Oya'ðyjyXgef;aomumvtxd - (u) yk'fr (32)tm; atmufygtwkdif; zwf=um;onf[krSwf,l&rnf?

“ (1) rnfolwOD;wa,mufrqkd EkdifiHawmfrS okd@r[kwf tpkd;&puf0ef;tqifhqifh ‚if;. tpdwftykdif;rsm; ukdifxm;aomowif; ta=umif;t&mrsm;tm; ‚if;. tcGifhta&;w&yf&yftm; usifhokH;&ef okd@r[kwf umuG,f&efvkd tyfr_ twkdif;twm twGuf &,lykdifcGifh±Sdonf”? ESifh

(c) yk'fr 33(1)ESifh (2)tm;atmufygtwkdif;zwf=um;onf[krSwf,l&rnf? rnfolwOD; w a,mufrqkd (u) rnfonfhtcGifhta&;w&yf&yf okd@r[kwf tusdK;oufa&mufr_tm; xdyg;vmr_

okd@r [kwf csdef;ajcmufvmr_wGif w&m;aomtkyfcsKyfa&;aqmif±Gufjcif; (c) ‚if;[email protected]&;rsm; okd@r[kwf Oya'ESifhtnDjzpfaom ar#mfvifh

csuf rsm;tm;rqkdxdyg;vmr_ okd@r[kwf csdef;ajcmufvmr_wGif vkyfxkH;vkyf enf;t& w&m;aomtkyfcsKyfa&; aqmif±Gufjcif;

(*) vkyfaqmifcsuftay: trsm;jynfolod±Sdap&efaqmif±Gufxm;+yD;jcif;rSty ‚if; wkd@. rnfol@tcGifhta&;rsm; okd@r[kwftusdK;oufa&mufr_rsm;ukdrqkdxdyg; vmr_qkdif&m tkyfcsKyfa&;aqmif±Gufjcif;tm; pmjzifha&;om;xm;jcif;jzifh axmufyHhay;jcif; ESifh

(C) ‚if;[email protected];ta&;rsm;w7yf&yftm; xdyg;vmr_ okd@r[kwf csdef;ajcmufvmr_ ESifhouf qkdifaom tkyfcsKyfa&; aqmif±Gufr_. vufcHavmufaomta=umif; jycsufrsm;

- wkd@tm; &ykdifcGifh±Sdonf? trsm;jynfoltkyfcsKyfa&;ESifhumuG,fa&;wyfzJG@rsm; 24? (1) ,cifzJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'yk'fr 82(4) c/ 215/ 218/ (1)/ 219(1)/ 224rS228xd/

236(1) (2) (3) (6) (7) (c)ESifh (*)/ 237(1)ESifh (2) (u)ESifh 239(4)ESifh (5)wkd@onf - (u) aemufqufwJG (C)wGifowfrSwfxm;onfhtwdkif; ,if;yk'frrsm;tm; jyifqifjznfh

pGufjcif;/ (c) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'topf. yk'fr(75)owfrSwfxm;csufrsm;t& jyXmef;

Oya'ðy aomygvDreftufOya'w&yfjzifh ,if;yk'frrsm;tm; qufvufjyifqifjznfh

Page 135: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

135pGufjcif;w&yf&yf okd@r[kwf ±kwfodrf;jcif;w&yf&yfESifh zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya' topfESifh vkdufavsm nDaxG±Sdjcif;

- vufatmufcHt& ,cifzJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'tm; ±kwfodrf;cJhjcif; r±dSo uJhokd@ qufvufouf0ifr_±Sdonf?

(2) ,cifzJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'tcef; (13)wGif nGef;xm;aomtrsm; jynfol0ef aqmifjcif; aumfr±SifESifh pD&ifpk0efaqmifjcif;aumfr±Sifrsm;onf ,if;tcef;eSifh ,if;ESifh oufqkdifaom Oy a'. owfrSwfxm;csufrsm;t& aumfr±SifESifh pD&ifpk0efaqmifjcif; aumfr±Sifrsm;tm; zJG@pnf; tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'opf. yk'f(75). OwfrSwfcsufrsm;t& ygvDreftufOya'w&yfjzifh y,fzsufaomumvtxd ,if;tcef;tm;±kwfodrf;jcif; r±SdcJhouJhokd@ qufvufvkyfief;vkyf aqmifr_±Sdonf?

(3) ,cifzJGpnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya' ±kyfodrf;jcif;onf ,cifzJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccH Oya'. yk'fr 237 (3) atmufwGif xkwfjyefaomrnfonfhtrdefjyefwrf;w&yf

&yfudkr# wrf;w&yf&yfukdr#ouf a&mufapjcif;±Sdjzpf+yD; ,if;trdef@jyefwrf;rsm;onf?

(u) jyifqifjznfhpGufjcif; okd@r[kwf ±kwfodrf;jcif;ESifh (c) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya'topfESifh vkdufavsmnDaxGr_±Sdjcif; - vufatufcHt

&qufvufwnf±Sdonf? Oya'ðytzJG@rsm;twGuft&nftcsif;rjznfhr_aemufqufwJGrsm; 25? (1) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topfouf0ifr_ ±SdaomumvwGif 'g%faiGay;aqmifjcif;

a±G;ykdifcGifhr±Sdaom q,fESpfvxuf ausmfvGefaom jypf'%ftm; orRwEkdifiHwGif tjypfpD &ifjcif; ukdcHae&ol rnfolrqkd trsdK;om;v$wfawmfokd@r[kwf pD&ifpkOya'ðytz@JGwck wGif tzJ@G0ifwOD;

OD;jzpf&ef t&nftcsif;rjynfhpkHay? (2) tpDtpOfcJG (1) t& wOD;wa,muf. T&nftcsif;rjynfhr_onf

(u) t,lcH0if&mwGif y,fjypfjcif; okd@r[kwf t,lcH0if&mwGif tjypf'%fcsrSwfjcif;tm; ,if;yk*~dKvf. t&nftcsif;rjynfhr_r±Sdaom tqifhokd@avsmhcsjcif;wGifysufjy,f onf? ESifh

(c) tjypf '%fjynfh+yD;aemufig;ESpfwGifqkH;onf? a'otpkd;& 26/ (1) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykhtajccHOya'opf. yk'fr (151)/ (1555)/ (156) ESifh (157)rsm;wGif jyXgef;

xm;csufrsm;±Sdaonfnm;vnf; - (u) tpkd;&ul;ajymif;jcif;tufOya' (1993 ckESpf . tufOya' 209). jJyXgef;csufrsm;

onf/ zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykhtopfESifh avsmfnDr_±Sdap&eftwGuf trsdK;om;Oya'ðyjcif; jzifh tcsdeftcgtm;avsmfpGm jznfhpGufjyifjqifjcif;t& (1999 ) ckESpf{+yDv (30)&uf ae@xd okd@r[kwf zsufodrf;onfhumvxd/ t&ifqkH;jzpfay:jcif;wckckt&/ ouf 0ifjci;f qufvuf±Sdonf/ ESifh

(c) Xgae Oya'pepfw&yftm; usifhokH;aom tokdif;t0dkif;wck. tpOftvmacgif; aqmif wOD;jzpf+yD;a'otpkd;&ul;ajymif;umv tufOya' 1993wGif &nfnGef; xm;aom ul;ajymif;umva'oaumifpD ul;ajymif;umvaus;vufawm±Gm aumifpD okd@r[kwf ul;ajymif;umv ukd,fpm;ðyr_aumifpD. a'otwGif;ajy

Page 136: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

136ay:wGifaexkdif+yD; ,cifzJG@pnf; tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'./ yk'fr(182)wGif Exofficio)tjzpfaz:jyxm;ol onf (1999 - ckeSpf {+yDv (30)&ufae@txd/ okd@r[kwf ygvDreftufOya'w&yfrs tjcm;wrsdK; jyXgef;ay;csdeftxd ,if;aumifpD. tzJG@0ifwOD;tjzpfjzpf ykdifcGifh±Sdonf?

(2) ,cifzJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'. yk'fr (254) (4)onf ,if;yk'r usifhokH;r_ ysufjy,f onftxd qufvuftm%mwnfonf? a'otpkd;&ul;ajymif;umvtuf Oya' (1993- ckESpf. yk'fr 16(5)ESifh (6)tm; (1999 -ckeSpf {+yDv (30)&ufae@rwdkkifrSD zsuf odrf;Ir&ay?

ygvDreftufOya'rsm;ESifhpD&ifpktufOya'rsm;tm; vHkjcHK pGmodrf;qnfjcif; 27 ? zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfr_ tajccHOya'topf. yk'fr 82 ESifh 124 wdk@onf zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyf yHktajccHOya'topfouf 0ifjcif;r±dSrDS umvwGitwnfjyKaomygvDref tufOya' ESifh pD&ifpktufOya'rsm;vHkjcHK pGmodrf;qnf;jcif;tm; xdcdkufjcif;r±Sday? EdkifiHawmfrSydkifqdkif aomra±$ajymif;Edkifaom ypPnf;rsm;rSwfyHkwifjcif; 28? (1) ,cifzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'. yk'fr 239 owfrSwfxm;csufrsm;t& oD;jcm;

tpdk;&w&yf odk@r[kwf w&m;0ifvGJtyfxm;aom EdkifiHydkifa±$@ajymif;jcif;rvkyf Edkifaom ypPnf;ydkifqdkifr_tm; tm%mydkifwOD;rS vufrSwfxkwfjy&m OpPmypPnf; ydkifqdkifr_ vGJajymif;jcif; qdkif&marmfuGef;xdef;onf,if;odk@aoma&;oGif;jcif;tm;vkyf aqmif&rnf odk@r[kwf ,if;a±G@ajymif; ajymif;Ir&aom OpPmypPnf;tm; oufqdkifr_±Sdaom rSwfyHkwifjcif;w&yf&yfydkifqdkifcGifh pmwrf;tm; ,if;tpdk;&. trnfatmuf wGif rSwfyHkwifjcif;jyK&rnf ?

(2) tpDtpOfcGJ (2) t& aqmif±Gufaom rSwfyHkwifjcif; twGuftcGefaumufjcif; / tca}u;ay; aqmifjcif; odk@r[kwf tjcm;tzdk;tcawmif;cHjcif;r±Sday?

jznf@pGwfcsuf-u - ,cifzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'. vkyfief;tpDtpOf 2 tm;jyifqifr_rsm; 1 ? tpDtpOf 1 tm;atmufygtpDtpOfjzifhtpm;xdk;onf ? 1? "trdsK;om;Oya't& rSwfyHkwifxm;jyD;trsdK;om;v$wfawmfa±$;aumufyGJwGif 0ifa&muf

,SnfjydkifaomygwDrsm;onf ,if;a±G;aumufyGJtwGuf ‚if;wdk@. udk,fpm;vS,favmif; trnfp

&if;rsm;tm;Tvky6fief;tpDtpOfESifh trsdK;om;Oya't&jyifqifjyD;tqdkwifoGif;&rnf ? " 2? "zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'opf. yk'fr 46 t&qHk;jzwfxm;aom trsdK;om; v$wfawmf ae&mcHrsm;tm; atmufygtwdkif;jznfhpGwf&rnf?" "(u) xdkifcHkw0uftm; / v$wfawmftrwfaemufw}udrf; a±$;aumufyGJaumfr±Sif

Page 137: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

137 rS&Edkifonfh odyH̀enf;uspGmtajccHxm;onfh rJqN±Sifqdkif&mtcsuftvuf rsm;rS udk,fpm;jyKjcif;tm;yg0ifxnfhwGufxm;aoma'owckjcif;pDtwGuft aoowfrSwfxm;aomxdkifcHkrsm;tm;csefvSyfI oufqdkif&mygwDrsmtzGJ@t pnf;rsm;rS wifoGif;aompD&ifpktrnfpm&if;rsm;rSjznfhpGwf&rnf? " "(c ) tjcm;xdkifcHkw0uftm; oufqdkif&mygwD toD;oD;rSwifoGif;aom trsdL; om;trnfp&if;rS odk@r[kwf trsdL;om;pm&if;rwifoGif;aom udpP&yfrsm; wGifpD&ifpk trnfpm&if;rsm;rSjznfhpGwf&rnf?"

3 ? tpDtpOf 3 tm;atmufygtpDtpOfjzifhtpm;xdk;onf ? 3 ? "ygwDw&yfrS wifoGif;aom udk,fpm;vS,favmif;rsm; trnfpm&if;pkpkaygif;onf

trsdK;om;v$wfawmfwGif±Sdaom trwfae&m ta&twGufESifh wlnDaomt a&twGufxnhf rydkap&rnfjzpfjyD; ,if;pm&if;wckpDwGif ygwDrSqHk;jzwf onfhtwdkif; OD;pm;ay;jci;f tvdkufowfrSwfpDxm;&rnf jzpfonf" ?

4 ? tpDtpOf 5 tm;pmydk'f (u) rwdkifrSDpum;vHk;rsm;tm; atmufygpum;vHk;rsm;jzifhtpm; xdk;jyifqifr_jyKonf ? "5 ? tpDtpOf 2 (u) wGifnGef;xm;aom xdkifcHkrsm;tm; pD&ifpkwckjcif;t& a±G;aumuf yGJw&yfwGif 0ifa&muf,SnfjydKifaom ygwDrsm;odk@ atmufygtwdkif;cGJa0ay;&rnf "? 5 ? tpDtpOf 6 tm;jyifqifr_ ( u ) tydk'f (u) rwdkifrSDpum;vHK;rsm;tm;atmufyg pmvHK;rsm;jzifhtpm;xdk;onf ? "6 ? tpDtpOf 2 (c) wGifnGef;xm;aomxdkifcHkrsm;tm; a±G;aumufyGJw&yfwGif0if a&muf,SofjydKifaom ygwDrsm;odk@atmufygtwdkif;cGJa0ay;&rnf "? ( c ) tydk'f (u) tm;atmufygpmydk'fjzifh tpm;xdk;onf ? " (u) xdkifcHkwcktwGufcGJwrf;rJtm; wEdkifiHvHk;. pkpkaygif;ay;rJta&twGuf tm;trdsK;om;v$wfawmf. pkpkaygif;xdkifcHktm; wpfESifhaygif;jyD;pm;um& ±dSaom&v'ftm; wpfESifhaygif;um taygif;tydkif*%mef;udkr,lbJ &±Sd aomudef;onf xdkifcHkwcktwGufcGJwrf;rJ rsm;jzpfonf "? 6 ? tpDtpOf& (3) udkpmydk'f (c) tm;atmufygpmydk'fjzifh tpm;xdk;jyifqifonf ? " ( c) xdkifcHkwckwGiftwGJcGJwrf;jyifqifjcif;tm; wEdkifiHvHk;xnfh0ifrJpkpkaygif;tm;pmydk'f (u) wGifnGef;xm;aomygwD tm;ay;aomaxmufcHrJ pkpkaygif;jzifhE_wfum / ‚if; &v'ftm;v$wfawmfxdkifcHk pkpkaygif;taygif;wpfjzifhpm;pmydk'f (u) wGifnGef; xm;aom ,if;ygwDodk@aemufqHk;cGJa0ay;xm;aom xdkifcHk Y E_wfjcif;jzifh qHk;jzifh qHk;jzwf&rnf " ? & ? tpDtpOf 10 tm;atmufygtpDtpOfjzifhtpm;xdk;onf ? "10 ? pD&ifpk Oya'jyKtzGJ@wzGJ@jcif;pD. xdkifcHkta&twGuftm;zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccH Oya'topf. yk'fr 105 owfrSwfxm;csufrsm;t& qHk;jzwf&rnf" ? 8? tpDtpOf 11 tm;atmufygtpDtpOfjzifh tpm;xdk;onf ? " 11 ? trdsK;om;Oya'owfrSwfxm;csufrsm;t& rSwfyHkwifxm;aomygwDrsm;jzpfjyD; pD

Page 138: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

138 &ifpkjzpfjyD; pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@wck. a±G;aumufyGJwGif0ifa&muf,SOf jydKifaomyg wDrsm;onf Tvkyfief;tpDtpOfESifhtrsdK;om;Oya'rSjyifqifxm;onfh twdkif; ,if;pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@a±G;aumufyGJ twGufudk,fpm;vS,favmif;rsm;tm;pD &ifpkpm&if;wGifoGif;&rnf " ?

9 ? tpDtpOf 16 tm;atmufyg tpDtpOfjzifhtpm;xdk;onf ?

" 16? (1) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topf. yk'fr 190 t&rJrsm;tm;a&wGu jcif;jyD;pD;jcif;/ygwDwckjcif;t&udk,fpm;vS,f a&twGuftm;qHk;jzwfjyD;jcif; t&udk,fpm;vS,fta&twGuftm;qHk;jzwfjyD;jcif;ESifh a±G;aumufyGJ&v'f rsm;xkwfjyef a}unmr_jyKjyD;aemufESpf&uftwGif;wGif aumfr±Sifonf trsdK;om;Oya'owfrSwfxm;csuft& Oya'jyKtzGJ@wGif yg0ifonfhygwD wckjcif;pD. udk,fpm;vS,frsm;tm;udk,fpm;vS,favmif;trnf pm&if; toD;oD;rS owfrSwfyHkEdSyfxkwfjyef &rnf ?

(2) tpDtpOfcGJ (1) owfrSwfxm;csufrsm;t& owfrSwfjcif;tm;aqmif±Guf jyD;aemuf udk,fpm;vS,fwOD;. trnfonftrsKdK;om;v$wfawmf twnf trnfpm&if;wckxnfhydkjyD;yg0ifaeygu odk@r[kwftrsdK;om; v$wfawmf trnfpm&if;ESifh pD&ifpkOy a'ðytzJG@trnfpm&if;ESpf&yfpvkH;wGifyg±Sdae+yD; v$wfawmfa±G;aumufyJGw&yfESifh pD&ifpkOya'ðytzJG@w&yf. a±G;aumuf yJGw&yfw&yfwkd@tm; wcsdefxJwGifusif;yygu ,if;ukd,fpm;vS,favmif; onf ta&;udpPwckxJykdaom ae&mtwGufowfrSwfjcif;twGuf avsmf uefaomf ,if;uJGokd@aompm&if;rsm;wifoGif;aom ygwDonfaz:jyygxkwf jyefa=ujimr_ðy+yD; ESpf&uftwGif;wGif aumfr±SifxH,if;ukd,fpm;vS,f avmif;.trnftm; tjcm;pm&if;wkd@rS zsufay;jcif;vkyf&rnf?

(3) aumfr±SifrS Oya'ðytzJG@ okd@r[kwfOya'ðytzJG@rsm;onf ukd,fpm;vS,f rsm;. trnfpm&if;rsm;tm; aESmufaES;jcif;r±SdykHESdyfxkwfjyef&rnf?

10? tpDpOf18tm;tykd'fcJG (c)tm;atmufygpmykd'fjzifhtpm;xkd;jyifqifonf?

“ ukd,fpm;vS,fwOD;tm; pD&ifpkrsm;trsdK;om;aumifpD. t+rJwef;ukd,fpm;vS,ftjzpf cef@tyfonf?”

11? tpDpOf 19tm; atmufygtpDtpOfjzifh tpm;xkd;onf?

“ 19 ? trSwfrxifjzpfysufaom vpfvyfae&mrsm;tm; jznfh&eftwGuftpDtpOf6(1) wGif nGef;xm;aomygwDwck. ukd,fpm;avmif;rsm;trnfpm&if;rsm;tm; tpD tpOf 16. owfrSwfxm;csufrsm;t& ukd,fpm;vS,favmif;rsm;tm;owf rSwfjcif;aqmif±Guf+yD; aomae@&ufrS 12twGif;rnfonfhumvwGkifrqkd w}udrf omaemufquf wJGjznfhpGuf Ekdifonf? ,if;aemufqufwJGjznfhpGufr_ w&yf&yf onf pm&if;.tqkH;wGif ðyvkyfjcif; jzpf&mwGifjzpfonf?

12? tpDtpOf 2ck tm;atmufygtpDtpOfjzifh tpm;xkd;onf?

“vpfvyfjcif; 23? (1) Tvkyfief;tpDtpOf oufqkdifjcif;±Sdaom Oya'ðytzJG@wcktwGif; vpfvyfjcif;

w&yf tajctaewGif vpfvyfoGm;aomtzJG@0iftm; tqkdðytrnfwifoGif; aomygwDonf vpfvyfaeaomae&mtm;

Page 139: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

139 (u) vpfvyfoGm;aom tzG@J0iftm; tqdkjyKtrnfwifoGif;aomr_v yxrpm

&if;rS/ESifh (c)pm&if;. tvSnfhusjzpfolESifh toifhjzpfaeoltm;tqdkjyK trnf wifoGif;jcif;jzifhjznfhpGwfay;&rnf ?

(2) vpfvyfae&m jznf@pGwf&ef trnfwifoGif;jcif;tm; ajyma&;qdkcGifh±dSol pmjzifh a&;wifoGif;jcif;jzifhjznfhpGwfay;&rnf ?

(3) Oya'jyKtzGJ@wzGJ@ wGifudk,fpm;jyKaeaom ygwDwcktm; zsufodrf;vdkufjcif; odk@r[kwf qufvufr±dSawmhjcif;jzpfjyD; tpDtpOf 23 (u) . tudsK;quft& tzGJ@0ifrsm;onf ‚if;[email protected];tm; vpfvyfoGm;apaomf tpDtpOft& odk@r[kwf(14) .owfrSwfxm;csuft& xdkifcHkrsm; vpfvyfoGm;jcif;ouJ@odk@ jzpf±Sdvmaom ta&;udpPt& / ,if;xdkifcHkrsm;tm;vdktyfvmaom jyKjyifr_jzifh usef±Sdaeaom ygwDrsm;odk@cGJa0ay;&rnf ?

13? TpDtpOf 23 tqHk;wGifatmufygtpDtpOftm;xnfhoGif;onf ? “Oya'jyKtzGJ@rsm;. tzGJ@0ifjzpfjcif;rSqHk;±H_;r_twGufxyfqifhtajccHrsm; ? 23 ? u (1) yk*~dKvfwOD;onf Tvkyfief;tpDtpOfESifh ywfoufaeaomOy a'jyKtzGJ@wzGJ@. tzGJ@0ifjzpfjcif;rS ,if;yk*~dKvftm;Oya'jyKtzGJ@ 0iftjzpf trnfwifoGif; tqdkjyKaomygwD. ygwD0ifjzpfjcif;rS &yfpJoGm;&mwGifqHk;±H_;oGm;onf ? (2) tpDtpOfcGJ (1) okd@jzpfapumr_ wnf±dSaeaomrnfonfh EdkifiH a&;ygwDrqdk ‚if;.trnftm;tcsdeftcgra±G;ajymif;Edkifonf ? (3) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya'topfouf0ifjcif;jzpfjyD;aemuf avsmfuefaom tcsdefwGifygvDreftufOy'w&yfrS zGJ@pnf;tkyf

csKyfyHk tajccHOya'opfyk'fr 76 (1) ESifhtnDOya'jyK tzGJ@. tzGJ@0ifwOD;rSrdrd tm;trnfwifoGif;tqdkjyKaom ygwD. tzGJ@0ifjzpfjcif; rS&yfqdkif;r_ a}umifhOy a'[email protected]@ 0ifjcif;rS &yfpJoGm;jcif;wGif ,if;Oya'jyKtzG@J. tzGJ@0ifqufvufxdef; odrf;Edkifa&;twGuf TtpDtpOfESifhtpDtpOf (23) wdk@tm; jyifqifEdkifonf ?

(4) tydk'fcGJ (3) wGifnGef;xm;aomygvDreftuf Oya'w&yfonf (u) wnf±Sdaom rnfonfhygwDw&yf&yf rqdktjcm;ygwDwck ESifh yl;aygif;oGm;jcif; / odk@r[kwf ( c) rnfonfhygwDrqdk ygwDwckxJxufydkaomta&twGuf odk@xyfqifhydkif;jcm;jcif;- tm;jyXmef;ay;Edkifonf ? 14 ? tpDtpOf 24tm;y,fzsufonf ? 15? TpDtpOf 25 tm; (u) “aumfr±Sif” t"dy`g,fzGifhqdkcsuftm;atmufyg t"dy`g,fzGifhqdkcsufjzifh tpm;xdk;jcif; jzifh / “aumfr±SifonfzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'opf yk'fr 190 wGifnGef;xm; aoma±G;aumufyGJaumfr±Sif t"dy`g,f±dSonf ” ESifh ( c) “ trsdK;om;pm&if;t"dy`g,fzGifhqdkr_ tqHk;wGifatmufyg t"dy`g,fzGifhqdkr_tm;xJhoGif; jcif;jzifh “zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topf” onf awmiftmz&duorRwEdkif i H. 1996 zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya' t"dy`g,f±dSonf ” -jzifhjyifqifonf ?

Page 140: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

140 16 ? tpDtpOf 26 tm;y,fzsufonf ?

jznfhpGufcsuf -1- trsdK;om;pnf;vHk;nDnGwfa&;tpdk;&-

trdsK;om;twdkif;twm 1? zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topf. yk'fr 84 onfatmufygaz:jyyg tydkjznfhpGwfxm; aomyk'frcGJ yg0ifonf[k ,lqonf ? “ (3) orRwonf tkyfcsKyfa&; 'kwd,orRwrsm;tm; (u) trsdK;om;tpdk;&. rl0g'rsm;tm;jyKpkysdK;axmifjcif;ESifh taumiftxnfaz:vkyf aqmifjcif;/ ( c) 0ef}uD;tzGJ@tm;pDrHcef@cGJr_qdkif&m ta&;udpPtm;vHk;ESifh0ef}uD;tzGJ@vkyfief; aqmifwmrsm;aqmif±Gufvkyfaqmifjcif; / ( *) tkyfcsKyfa&; 'kwd,orRwrsm;tm;vkyfief;rsm;wm0efay;tyfjcif; /

Page 141: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

141 (C) oHwtrwfESifhtjcm;oHwrefa&; udk,fpm;vS,frsm;cef@tyfjcif; tygt0ifzGJ@ pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'odk@r[kwf Oya'w&yf&yft&cef@tyfr_ w&yf&yfr vkyfaqmifrSD/ ( i) pHkprf;a&;aumfr±Sifrsm;rcef@tyfrSD/ (p ) qENcH,lyGJ w&yfrac:rSD /

(q) tjypf }uL;vGefolrsm;tm;vGwfawmfjiDrf;csrf;omcGifh odk@r[kwfav#mh ayghay; jcif;rjyKrSD/

- udpPrsm;wGift}uHnm%fawmif;cH&rnf ?

2 ? zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topf.yk'fr 89 onfatmufaz:jyyg tydkjznfhpGuf xm;aomyk'frcGJyg0ifonf [k,lqonf? “(3)? yk'frcGJ (1) ESifh (2) wdk@onftkyfcsKyfa&; 'kwd,orRwrsm;tm;vnf;oufqdkifjcif;±Sd onf ? 3? zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topf.yk'fr 90 (1) .pmydk'f (u) onfatmufygtwdkif; zwf}um;onf[k ,lqonf ? “ (u) orRwrSynwfay;aomtkyfcsKyfa&;'kwd, orRw wOD;” 4? zGJ@p!f;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topf. yk'fr 91 onfatmufygtwdkif;zwf}um;onf[k ,lqonf ? 0ef}uD;rsm;tzGJ@ 91? (1) 0ef}uD;rsm;tzGJ@wGif orRwtkyfcsKyfa&; 'kwd,orRwrsm;ESifh (u)trsdK;om;v$wfawmf. tzGJ@0ifrsm;jzpfjyD; yk'frcGJ (8)rS (12 ) txdowf rSwfxm;csufrsm;t& cef@tyf 27 OD;xnfhrsm;aom0ef}uD;rsm;/ ESifh ( c) orRwrStkyfcsKyfa&; 'kwd,orRwrsm;ESifhyg0ifaqmif±Gufaom ygwDrsm;. acgif;aqmifrsm;tm; t}uHOm%fawmif;cH&mwGif 0ef}uD;tjzpfcef@tyf &mwGif0ef}uD;tjzpf cef@tyfaomtrdsK;om;v$wfawmftzGJ@0ifr[kwf aom 0ef}uD;trsm;qHk;wpfOD; / -yg0ifonf ?

(2) trsdK;om;v$wfawmfwGiftrwfae&m tenf;qHk; 80&mcdkifEH_ef;tm;r,lxm;ygu odk@r[kwf ygwDrqdkv$wfawmf odk@r[kwfxdkxnfhrsm;aomae&m tm;,lxm;ygu trwfae&m trsm;qHk;,lxm;olygwDwdk@onf 'kwd,orRw wOD;tm;owf rSwf&ef&ydkifcGifh±dSonf ?

(3) rnfonfhygwDwur#trwfae&m 80&mcdkifEH_ef;tm;r,lxm;ygu odk@r[kwfygwD wckxJwGifomv#if trwfae&m 80 &mcdkifEH_ef; odk@r[kwfxdkxuf rsm;aomae&mtm; ,lxm;ygu trwfae&mtrsm;qHk;olygwDESifh trwfae&m'kwd,trsm;qHk;,lxm;ol ygwDwdk@onf 'kwd,orRwwOD;tm; v$wfawmftzGJ@0ifrsm;rS owfrSwf&ef&ydkifcGifh ±dS}uonf ?

(4) owfrSwfjcif;cH&mwGiftkyfcsKyfa&; 'kwd,orRw wOD;onf v$wfawmf. tzGJ@0ifjzpf jcif;rS&yf qdkif;&eftm;a±G;aumufEdkifonf

(5) tkyfcsKyfa&;'kwd,orRwwOD;onfzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya'rStkyfcsKyfa&; 'kwd,o rRw &mxl;tm;tyfESif;xm;aom odk@r[kwforRwrS,if; &mxl;tm;owfrSwfay; aomtm%mrsm;ESifh vkyfief;rsm;tm;usifhoHk;&rnf?

(6) tkyfcsKyfa&; 'kwd, orRw wOD;onf &mxl;tm;

Page 142: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

142(u) yk'frcJG (2)ESifh (3). OwfrSwfxm;csufrsm;t& owfrSwfjcif;ðyykdifcGifh±Sd

aomygwDrS tpm;xkd;jcif; okd@r[kwf jyefvnfac:,ljcif;r±Sdygu 1999 - ckESpf {+yDvtxd okd@r[kwf

(c) 1999 - ckESpf {+yDv (30)&ufae@rwkdifrSD usif;yaomtrsdK;om;v$wf awmf a±G;aumufyJGw&yf&yft& orRwtjzpfa±G;cs,fwifajrSmufcH& aom yk*~dKvfrS orRw&mxl;tm; wm0efwuf,laomumvtxd/ - ,lxm;onf?

(7) tkyfcsKyfa&;'kwd,orRwwOD;. &mxl;vpfvyfjcif;tm; ,if;'kwd,orRwtm;owf rSwf ay;aomygwDrS jznfhay;Ekdifonf?

(*) trsdK;om;v$wfawmfwGiftrwfae&m tenf;qkH; (20)&,lxm;+yD;trsdK;om; pnf;vHk;a&;tpdk&wGifyg0if&efqHk;jzwfxm;aomygwDwckonf yk'frcGJ (1) (u)wGif

nGef;xm;aom0ef}uD;rsm;cef@tyfr_tm; tav;pdkuf*±kjyKI ‚if;ygwDrS trdsK;kom;v$wf awmfwGif&,lxm;aom trwfOD;a&ae&mESifh tjcm;vma&mufyg0ifaom ygwDrsm;rS& ,lxm;aomt rwfOD;a& ae&mrsm;ESihf E_dif;,SOfcsuft& 0ef}uD;Xgewae&m okd@r[kwf wae&mxufrsm; aom0ef}uD;Xgeae &mrsm;&yfkdifcGihf±Sdonf?

(9) 0ef}uD;Xmersm;tm;0ifa&mufyg0ifaom ygwDrsm;toD;oD;odk@atmufygyHkaoenf; t&cJG a0ay;&rnf ?

(u) 0ef}uD;Xmewck. cHkae&mrsm;tm; cGJ@wef;tm;0ifa&mufyg0ifaom ygwDrsm;/ .trsdK; om;v$wfawmftwGif; pkpkaygif;trwfae&mtm; yk'frcJG (1) (c)wGif nGef; xm;aom 0ef}uD;Xgersm;wGifcef@tyf&ef0ef}uD;rsm;ta&twGufESifhpm;+yD; wpfjzifhaygif;jcif;jzifhqkH; jzwfay;&rnf?

(c) wwd,ESifh ,if;aemufykdif;'omrrsm;±Sdu ‚if;wkd@tm;tav;rxm; bJ&±Sdaom &vm'f onf 0ef}uD;Xgewckjcif;twGuf xkdifckHrsm;cJG wef;jzpfonf?

(*) 0ifa&mufyg0ifaom ygwDwckokd@cJGa0ay;aom 0ef}uD;Xgersm;ta& twGuftm; ,if;ygwDrS trsdK;om;v$wfawmfwGif &m,lxm;aom trwfae&mrsm;tm; tykd'f (c)wGif nGef;xm;aomcJGwef;ESifhpm; jcif;jzifh qkH;jzwfonf?

(C) tykdif;(i)tm; tajccH+yD; &±Sdaom&v'fonf ,if;ygwDokd@cJGa0ay;&rnfh 0ef}uD; Xge rsm;jzpfonf?

(i) txufykHaoenf;tm; tokH;ðy&mwGif ygwDwck odk@cGJa0ay;aom 0ef}uD; Xge rsm;rS,lxm;Ekdifjcif; r±SdvJykdaeaomf/ ,if;tykdonf tjcm;ygwDwck okd@r[kwf ygwDrsm;. tvm;wltykdrsm;ESifh ,OfðydifIcJGa0xm;jcif;rðy&ao;aom ukef aeonfh0ef}uD;Xgewckck okd@r[kwf ygwDrsm;.tvm;wl tykdrsm;ESifh ,OfðydifI cGJa0xm;jcif;rðy&ao;aom ukefaeonfh0ef}uD;Xgewckck okd@r[kwfXgersm;tm; oufqkdif&mygwD okd@r[kwfygwDrsm;okd@ ykdaeaomudef;*%mef; trsm;tenf; tvkdufcJGa0ay;& rnf?

(10)orRwonf tkyfcsKyfa&; 'kwd,orRwrsm;ESifh yg0if=uaomEkdifiHa&;ygwDrsm;. acgif; aqmifrsm;. t}uHn%frsm;tm; awmif;+yD;aemufwGif

(u) yk'frcJG (9)wGifowfrSwfxm;csufrsm;t& ygwDrsm; okd@cJGa0ay;xm;aom 0ef }uD;Xgersm;ta&twGuftvdkufyg0if=uaomEkdifiHa&;ygwDrsm;okd@ oD;oef@0ef }uD;Xgersm;tm; cJGa0&eftm;qkH;jzwf&rnf? (c) 0ef}uD;Xgewckjcif;okd@ tykd'f(u)wGif ,if;0ef}uD;Xgetm;cJGa0ay;xm;aom

ygwD. trsdK;om;v$wfawmftzJG@0ifwOD;tm; ,if;0ef}uD;Xge. wm0efcH0ef}uD; tjzpfcef@ tyf&rnf?

Page 143: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

143(8) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya'. OD;wnf&nf±G,fcsuf okd@r[kwf tpkd;&aumif;

tusdK;aus;Zl;tvkd@Xgvkdftyfvm&mwGif tykd'f(u) qkH;jzwfcsufw&yf&yftm; yk'f rcJG (9) tm; vufatmufcHIajymif;vJ&rnf?

(C) tykd'fct& cef@tyfjcif;w&yf&yftm; (1) ywfoufr_±Sdaeaom 0ef}uD;rStoif;0ifjzpfaeaomygwD. acgif;aqmifrS

t qkH;owf&eforRwtm; awmif;cHvmjcif; okd@r[kwf (2) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'. OD;wnf&nf±G,fcsufokd@r[kwf tpkd;&

aumif;tusdK;aus;Zl;tvkd@Xgvkdtyfvmjci;f - tqkH;owf&rnf? okd@r[kwf

(c) 0ef}uD;wOD; vpfvyf&mxl;tm; tykd'f (c)vufatmufcHI vdktyfvm&m wGif jznfh&rnf?

11? yk'frcJG (10)tm; trsdK;om;pnf;vkH;nDnGwfa&; tpkd;&w&yf ykHaz:jcif;tawG;tac: pdwf"gwf taumiftxnf az:&rnfjzpf+yD; orRwESifh yg0ifywfoufaeaom vkyfief; wm0efcHrsm;onf ,if;yk'frcJGtm; taumiftxnfaz: vkyfaqmif&m tcsdeftm;vHk;wkd@wGiftm;vkH;. oabmwlqENtm; &±Sda&;tm;±SmazG&rnf? tm;

vkH;. oabmwlqENtm; (u) ,if;yk'frcJG. pmykd'f(u)(*) okd@r[kwf (C)(2) . tm%musifhokH;r_tay: & ±SdEkdifaomfvnf; orRw. tqkH;tjzwfonf twnfjzpfonf? (c) ,if;yk'frcJG. pmykd'f (c) (C) (1)okd@r[kwf (i). tm%mtm;orRw. ygwD

tzJG@0if r[kwfaom olwOD;wa,mufESifh ywfouf+yD;usifh okH;&mwGif‚if; yk*~dKvf rStoif;0ifjzpfaomygwD. acgif;aqmif. tqkH;tjzwfonftwnf jzpffonf? ESifh

(*) ,if;yk'frcJG. pmyk'fcJG. pmyk'f(c)okd@r[kwf (i). tm%mtm; orRw. ygwDtzJG@0ifjzpfolwOD;wa,mufESifh ywfouf+yD;usifhokH;&mwGif orRw. tqkH;tjzwf onft wnfjzpfonf?

12? yk'frcJG (10) (*) atmufwGif0ef}uD;XgecJGa0ay;jcif;rsm; ajymif;vJr_qkH;jzwfcsuf w&yf&yf tajctaewGif ywfoufr_±Sdaom0ef}uD;rsm;onf ‚if;wkd@. 0ef}uD;Xgersm; tm;vpfvyfap&rnf? okd@aomfoufqkdifaom ajymif;vJr_qkH;jzwfcsufowfrSwf csufrsm;t&‚if;wkd@. oufqkdif&mygwDrsm;okd@cJGa0ay;xm;aom tjcm;0ef}uD;Xgersm; wGif jyefvnfcef@tyf&eft &nftcsif;jynfhrDonf?

13? orRwonf? (u) tkyfcsKyfa&;'kwd,orRwrsm;ESifh yg0ifvkyfaqmifaomygwDrsm;.acgif;aqmif

rsm;. t}uHn%frsm;&,l+yD; (1) yk'frcJG (1) (c)wGifnGef;xm;aom0ef}uD;XgewcktwGuf 0ef}uD;wOD;vkdtyf

vmr_tm; orRwrSqkH;jzwfcsufw&yft& wdusaom0ef}uD;Xge wcktm; qkH;jzwfay;& rnf?

(2) ,if;0ef}uD;Xge. wm0efcHtjzpftrsdK;om;v$wfawmf tzJG@0ifwOD;r[kwf aomol wOD;tm; ,if;0ef}uD;Xge. 0ef}uD;tjzpfcef@tyf&rnf? ESifh

(3) vkdtyfvmygu vpfvyfoGm;aom,if;0ef}uD;Xgetm;jznfhay;&rnf? okd@r [kwf

(c) tkyfcsKyfa&;'kwd, orRwrsm;ESifh yg0ifvkyfaqmifaom ygwDrsm;. acgif;aqmif rsm;.t}uHn%frsm;&,l+yD; zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHOya'. OD;wnf&nf ±G,fcsuf okd@r[kwf tpkd;&aumif;tusdK;aus;Zl;tvkd@Xgvkdtyfvm&mwGif tykd'f (u)t& rnfonfhcef@ tyfr_tm;rqkd tqkH;owf&rnf?

Page 144: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

14414? 0ef}uD;rsm;tzJG@tpnf;ta0;rsm;tm; orRwrSobmywdrl&rnf okd@r[kwforRwrS

nGef=um;ygutkyfcsKyfa&; 'kwd,orRwOD;rS obmywdrl&rnf? tpkd;&.ta&; w}uD;vkdtyfr_ESifh trsdK;om;nDnGwfa&; ykHaz:aqmifonfhtpkd;&w&yfjzpfa&; t awG;tac:pdwfpgwf.tjcm;awmif;qkdvmr_rSwyg; 0ef}uD;rsm;tzJG@tpnf;ta0; rsm;tm; obmywdrljcif;onf tkyfcsKyfa&;'kwd,0ef}uD;rsm;rS tvSnfhusobmy wdrljcif;jzpf apjcif;jzpfonf?

15? xda&mufaomtpkd;&w&yfvkdtyfr_ESifh wuGtrsdK;om;nDnGwfa&;ykHaz:aqmifonfh tpkd;&w&yfjzpfa&;tawG;tac:jzifh 0ef}uD;rsm;tzJG@omtm;vkH;vufcH oabm wlr_tm;±SmazGonfh pdwf xm;vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;jzifh vkyfief;vkyfaqmifonf? (1) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'. yk'fr (93)tm; atmufygtwkdif; zwf=um;

onf[k,l qonf? “vufaxmuf0ef}uD;rsm;cef@tyfjcif; ” 93? (1) orRwonf tkyfcsKyfa&;'kwd,orRwrsm;ESifh 0ef}uD;rsm;tzJG@wGif yl;aygif;yg0if=uaom

ygwDrsm;. acgif;aqmifrsm;. t=uHn%frsm;tm;,l+yD;aemuf 'kwd,0ef}uD;&mxl; rsm;tm;jyXgef;Ekdif onf?

(2) ygwDwckonf 0ef}uD;rsm;tzJG@wGif 0ef}uD;Xgersm;tm; cJGa0ay;aom tcsdK;tpm;t wkdif;ESifh yHkaoenf;twkdif;t& 'kwd,0ef}uD;&mxl;wae&m okd@r[kwf xdkxufrsm; aomae&mrsm;tm; &ykdifcGifhtcGifhta&;±Sdonf?

(3) yk'fr 91 (10) rS (12)txdjyXgef;csufrsm;onf vkdtyfaom ajymif;vJr_rsm;ESifhtwl 'kwd,0ef}uD;rsm;tay:oufqkdifapjcif;jzpf+yD; ,if;okd@oufqkdifap&mwGif,if; yk'frwGif 0ef}uD;wOD; okd@r[kwf 0ef}uD;XgewXge nGef;&mwGif 'kwd,0ef}uD;wOD; okd@r[kwf 'kwd,0ef}uD; XgewXgetm; nGef;jcif;tjzpf toD;oD;zwf=um;&rnf?

(4) 0ef}uD;wOD;okd@tyfESHxm;aom rnfonfh0ef}uD;Xgeokd@rqkd yk*~dKvfwOD;tm; 'kwd,0ef }uD;tjzpfcef@tyf&mwGif

(u) rnfonfhOya'w&yf&yf. owfrSwfxm;csufrsm;t& oufqkdif&m0ef}uD;tm; tyfESif;xm;aom tm%mrsm;ESifh vkyfief;rsm;tm; ,if;'kwd,0ef}uD;onf 0ef}uD;.ukd,fpm; usifhokH;vkyfaqmif&rnf okd@r[kwforRw. nGef;=um;csufjzifh ,if;0ef}uD; rsm;.'kwd, 0ef}uD;okd@wenf;enf;jzifh owfrSwfay;Ekdifonf? ESifh

(c) rnfonfh Oya'rSrqkd ,if;0ef}uD;tm;nGef;xm;aomrnfonfhtnGef;rqkd tydk'f(u) owfrSwfxm;csufrsm;t& wm0efw&yftm; xrf;aqmifaeaom 'kwd,0ef}uD;tm; vnf; &nf±G,fnGef;xm;onf[krSwf,l&rnf?

(5) 'kwd,0ef}uD;wOD;rS ysufuGufI‚if;okd@r[kwf rnfonfhta=umif;udpPa=umifhrqkd &mxl;.rnf onfhtm%mrsm;okd@r[kwf vkyfief;rsm;tm; usifhokH;jcif; okd@r[kwf vkyf aqmifjcif;rðyvkyfEkdifygu orRwonf tjcm;'kwd,0ef}uD;wOD; okd@r[kwf rnfolw OD;wa,muftm;rqdk az:jyyg 'kwd,0ef}uD;tpm; taxGaxGtjzpf‚if; oD;oef@tm %m odk@r[kwf vkyfief;tm;usifhoHk; &eftwGuf odk@r[kwf vkyfaqmif&eftwGuf cef@tyfEdkifonf ? ”

(6) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'topf.yk'fr 96onf atmufygtydkjznfhpGwfxm;aom yk'frcGJrsm;yg±Sdonf[k,lqonf? “ (3) 0ef}uD;rsmonf ‚if;wdk@0ef}uD;Xmersm;tm;uGwfuJtkyfcsKyf&mwGif orRwESifht rdsK;om;v$wfawmfodk@ wOD;jcif;wm0efcHjyD; 0ef}uD;rsm;tzGJ@ tzGJ@0iftm;vHk;wdk@ onf trsdK;kom;tpdk;&. vkyfief;rsm;aqmif±Gufr_ESifh ‚if;.r_vrf;pOfrsm;tay: tvm;wl pkaaygifwm0efcHonf ? (4) 0ef}uD;rsm;onf ‚if;wdk@. 0ef}uD;Xmersm;tm; 0ef}uD;rsm;tzGJ@rSqHkk;jzwfxm; aom rlvrf;pOft&tkyfcsKyfuGufuJ&rnf ?

Page 145: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

145 (5) 0ef}uD;wOD;onf0ef}uD;Xmetm; 0ef}uD;rsm;tzGJ@rlvrf;pOf t&tkyfcsKyfuGwfuJ r_ rsufuGufyguorRwonfxdkywfoufaeaom 0ef}uD;rS0ef}uD;Xmetm; uGwfuJtkyfcsKyfr_tm; ,if;rlvrf;pOf ESifhtnDjzpfapa&;twGuufaqmif±Guf Edkifonf ? (6) yk'frcGJ ( 5) atmufwGiforRw. vkdvm;r_tm;vkdufemvkyfaqmif&efywf oufaeaom 0ef}uD;onf ysufuGufygu ? (u) yk'fr 91 (1) (u) wGifnGef;xm;aom0ef}uD;wOD;jzpfaomf ,if;0ef}uD;. t}uHJOm%ftm; &,ljyD;aemufESifh / ,if;0ef}uD;onf orRw. ygwD . tzGJ@0ifwOD;r[kwfjcif; jzpfjyD; yg0ifvkyfaqmifaom ygwDwck. acgif;aqmif;r[kwfjcif;wGif ygwDacgif;aqmif;tm;vnf; t}uHOm%f &,ljyD;aemuf‚if; / odk@r[kwf ? (c) yk'fr 91 (1) (c) wGifnGef;xm;aom 0ef}uD;wOD;jzpfaomf tkyfcsKyfa&; 'kwd,orRwrsm;ESifh yg0ifvkyfaqmifaom ygwDrsm;. acgif;aqmif rsm;.udkt}uHOm%frsm;&,ljyD;aemuf- orRwrS 0ef}uD;tm;&mxl;rSz,f±Sm;Edkifonf”?

jznfhpGwfcsuf-*- trsdk;om;pnf;vHk;nDnGwfa&;tpkd;&pD&ifpktwdkif;twm 1 ? zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya'topf. yk'fr 132 tm;atmufygtwdkif;zwf}um;onf[k

rSwf,lonf ? “tkyfcsKyfa&;aumifpD 132 ? (1) pD&ifpkwpk. tkyfcsKyfa&;aumifpDwGif 0ef}uD;csKyfESifh Tyk'frt&0ef}uD;csKyfrS cef@tkyfaom 10 OD;xufrydkaomtzGJ@0ifrsm;yg0ifonf ? (2) pD&ifpkOya'jyKtzGJ@0iftenf;qHk;xdkifcHk 10 &mcdkifE_ef;&±Sdxm;aom ygwDjzpf jyD; trsdK;om;pnf;vHk;nDnGwfa&;tpdk;&wGif yg0if&efqHk;jzwfxm;aomygwD onf Oya'jyKtzGJ@wGif &±Sdxm;aom xdkifcHkta&twGufESifhtjcm;0if a&mufyg0ifaom ygwDrsm;.Oya'jyKtzGJ@ twGif;&±Sdxm;aomxdkifcHk tcsdK; tpm;tvdkuf tkyfcsKyfa&;aumifpD0ef}uD;Xme wae&modk@ydkIrsm;aomae &mrsm;cGJa0ay;jcif;tm;&ydkif cGifh±Sdonf? (3) tkyfcsKyfa&;aumifpD 0ef}uD;Xmersm;tm; yg0ifvkyfaqmif}uaom ygwDrsm;

odk@ yk'fr 91 (9) wGifcsrSwfay;xm;aom yHkaowGwfenf; twdkif; cGJa0ay; &rnf jzpfjyD; ,if;yHkaowGufenf;tm; toHk;jyK&mwGif ,if;yk'frY n$ef; xm;aom

(u) 0ef}uD;rsm;tzJG@tm; tkyfcsKyfa&;aumifpD0ef}uD;Xgersm;tm; yg0ifvkyf aqmifjcif; tjzpfzwf=um;&rnf?

(c) 0ef}uD;wOD;tm; tkyfcsKyfa&;aumifpDtzJG@0ifwOD;tm; nGef;xm;jcif; tjzpf zwf=um;&rnf? ESifh

(*) trsdK;om;v$wfawmftm; pD&ifpkOya'ðytzJG@tm; nGef;xm;jcif;tjzpf zwf =um;&rnf?

(4) pD&ifpkwck. 0ef}uD;csKyfonf pkaygif;yg0ifaomygwDrsm;. acgif;aqmifrsm;t}uH n%f &,l+yD;aemuf

Page 146: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

146 (u) yk'frcJG (3)wGifowfrSwfxm;csufrsm;t& pkaygif;yg0ifaom ygwDrsm;okd@cGJ

a0ay;aom 0ef}uD;Xgersm;ta&twGuft& ,if;ygwDtoD;oD;okd@ cJGa0ay;&ef twGuf oD;jcm;0ef}uD;Xgersm;tm; qkH;jzwfay;&rnf?

(c) tykd'f(u)t& ygwDwckokd@cJGa0ay;xm;aom0ef}uD;XgewGif ,if;Xge. wm0efcHtjzpf tkyfcsKyfa&;aumifpDtzJG@0ifwOD;tm; ,if;ygwD.tzJG@ 0ifjzpfaom pD&ifpkO ya'ðytzJG@. tzJG@0ifwOD;tm;cef@tyf&rnf?

(8) zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'. &nf±G,fcsufrsm; okd@r[kwf aumif;aom tpkd;& tusdK;aus;Zl;twGuf vdktyfvmygu rnfonfhtykd'f(u) qkH;jzwfcsuftm;rqkd yk'frcJG(3)vufatmufcHI ajymif;vJ&rnf?

(C) (1) tkyfcsKyfa&;aumifpDtzJG@0ifwOD;rS tzJG@0ifjzpfaom ygwD.acgif; aqmifrS 0ef}uD;csKyftm;awmifcHvm&mwGif / odk@r[kwf

(2) zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'. &nf±G,fcsufrsm; odk@r[kwf aumif;aomtpdk;&tusdK;aus;Zl;twGuf vdktyfjcif;wGif 0ef}uD; csKyfonf tydk'f(c)t&rnfonfhcef@tyfjcif; tm;rqdk&yfqdkif; ay;&rnf ?

odk@r[kwf (i) yk'fr (c) vufatmufcHI vkdtyfvmcsdefwGif tkyfcsKyfa&;aumifpDtzGJ@ 0ifwOD;. &mxl;vpfvyfr_tm;jznfhpGufay;&rnf ? (5) yk'frcGJ (4) tm;trsdK;om;pnf;vHk;nDnGwfa&;tpkd;&w&yf yHkaz:jcif;tawG;t ac:pdwf"gwfjzifh taumiftxnfaz:&rnfjzpfjyD; 0ef}uD;csKyfESifh yg0ifywfouf aeaomvkyfief;wm0efcHrsm;onf ,if;yk'frcGJtm;taumiftxnfaz:vkyf aqmif&mwGif tcsdeftm;vHk;wdk@wGif tm;vHk;. oabmwlqENtm; ±SmazG& rnf ? tm;vHk;.oabmwlqENtm; (u) ,if;yk'frcGJ. pmydk'f (c) / odk@r[kwf (C) (2).tm%m usifhoHk;r_tay: r&±SdEdkifaomf0ef}uD;csKyf. tqHk;tjzwfonftwnfjzpfonf ? (c ) ,if;ydk'frcGJ. pmydk'f (c) / (C) (1) odk@r[kwf (i). tm%mtm; 0ef}uD;csKyf. ygwDtzGJ@0ifr[kwfaomol wOD;wa,mufESifh ywf oufjyD;usifhoHk;&mwGif ‚if;yk*~dKvfrS toif;0ifjzpfaomygwD. acgif;aqmif. tqHk;tjzwfonftwnfjzpfonf ? ESifh (* ) ,if;yk'frcGJ.pmydk'f (c) odk@r[kwf (i).tm%m tm;0ef}uD;csKyf. yg wDtzGJ@0ifjzpfolwOD;wa,muf ESifhywfoufjyD;usifhoHk;&mwGif 0ef}uD;

csKyf.tqHk;tjzwfonftwnfjzpfonf ? (6 ) yk'frcGJ (4) (*) atmufwGif 0ef}uD;Xme cGJa0ay;jci;f ajymif;vJr_qHk;jzwfcsuf w&yf&yf tajctaewGif ywfoufr_±dSaom 0ef}uD;rsm;onf ‚if;wdk@. 0ef}uD;Xmersm;tm; vpfvyfap&rnf ? odk@aomf oufqdkifaom ajymif;vJr_ qHk;jzwfcsuf owfrSwfcsufrsm;t& ‚if;wdk@. oufqdkif&m ygwDrsm;odk@ cGJ a0ay;xm;aom tjcm; 0ef}uD;Xmrsm;wGif jyefvnf cef@tyf&ef t&nftcsif; csif;rSDonf? (& ) tkyfcsKyfa&;aumifpDtpnf;ta0;rsm;tm;pD&ifpk.0ef}uD;csKyfrSobm0}uD;csKyf rS obmywdrl&rnf ? (8) xda&mufaom tpdk;&w&yf vdktyfr_ESifh wuGtrdsK;om; pnf;vHk;nDnGwf a&;ykHaz:aqmifonfh tpdk;& w&yfjzpfa&; tawG;tac:jzifh tkyfcsKyfa&; aumifpD w&yfonf tm;vHk;vufcHoabmwl r_tm;±SmazGonfh pdwfxm; vkyfxHk;vkyfenf;jzifh vkyfief;vkyfaqmifonf” ?

Page 147: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

147 (2) ? zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajcOya'topf. yk'fr 136 onf atmufygtydkjznfhxm; aomyk'frcGJyg±Sdonf [k,lqonf ? “(3) tkyfcsKyfa&;aumifpDrsm;. tzGJ@0ifrsm; ‚if;[email protected]}uD; Xmersm;tm; uGwfuJ tkyfcsKyf&mwGif 0ef}uD;csKyfESifhpD&ifpk Oya'jyKtzGJ@odk@ wOD;jcif; wm0efcHjyD; tkyfcsKyfa&;aumifpD tzGJ@0iftm;vHk;wdk@onf pD&ifpk tpdk; &. vkyfief;rsm;aqmif±Gufr_ESifh ‚if;[email protected];pOfrsm;tay:tvm;wlpk aygif;wm0efcHonf ? (4) tkyfcsKyfa&;aumifpDtzGJ@0ifrsm;onf ‚if;[email protected]}uD;Xmersm;tm;aumifpDrS qHK;jzwfxm;aom rlvrf;pOft&tkyfcsKyfuGwfuJonf ? (5) tkyfcsKyfa&;aumifpD tzGJ@0ifwOD;onf 0ef}uD;Xmetm; aumif;pD.rl vrf;pOft& tkyfcsKyfuGufuJr_ ysufuGufaom 0ef}uD;csKyfrS ywfoufae aomtzGJ@0iftm; 0ef}uD;XmetkyfcsKyf uGwfuJ&mwGif ,if;rlvrf;pOfESifh tnDjzpfapa&;twGuf aqmif±GufEdkifonf ? (6) ywfoufaeaom tzGJ@0ifonf yk'frcGJ (5) atmuf 0ef}uD;csKyf. vdkvm; r_ w&yftm; vdkufemvkyfaqmif&ef ysufuGufygu ,if;[email protected]}uH Om%f&,ljyD;aemufESifh ,if;tzGJ@0ifonf 0ef}uD;csKyf. ygwDtzGJ@0ifOD; r[kwfjcif;/ odk@r[kwf yg0ifvkyfaqmifaom ygwDwck. acgif;aqmif ygwDacgifaqmiftm;vnf; t}uHOm%f&,ljyD;aemuf 0ef}uD;csKyfonf ‚if;tm; &mxl;rSz,f±Sm;Edkifonf ?

jznfhpGufcsuf-C- trsm;jynfoltkyfcsKyfa&;ESifh vHkjcHka&;wyfzGJ@rsm; ,QifzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccH Oya' yk'frrsm;tm; jyifqifjcif; 1? ,QifzGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'. yk'fr 218 tm;jyifqifjcif;/ (u) pmydk'f(u) tvsOf;usaom pmom;rsm;tm;atmufygpmom;rsm;jzifh yk'frcGJ(1)wGift pm;xdk;jcif;jzifh “(1) tEW&,fuif;jcif;ESifh vHkjcHKa&;0ef}uD;. vrf;nGefr_rsm;tm; vufatmufcHI t rdsK;om;aumfrif±Sifemrif;}uD;onf----tm;wm0ef±dSap&rnf ? ( c ) yk'frcGJ (1) .tydkif; (C) tm;atmufygpmydk'fjzifhtpm;xdk;jcif;jzifh/ “(c) pD&ifpkaumfrif±Sifemrif;}uD;rsm;cef@tyfjcif;”

( * ) yk'frcJG (1).tykd'f(C)tm;atmufygpmykd'fjzifhtpm;xkd;jcif;jzifh “(C) pepfwuspDpOfxm;aomr_cif;okd@r[kwf trsdK;om;pkHprf;ppfaq;jcif;ESifh um

uG,fwm; qD;jcif;vkdtyfaomr_cif;tm; pkHpr;fppfaq;jcif;ESifh umuG,fwm; qD;jcif; okd@r[kwf txl;u|rf;usifr_”ESifh

(C) yk'frcJG (1).tykd'f (É)tm;atmufygpmykd'fjzifhtpm;xkd;jcif;jzifh “ (É) pD&ifpkaumfr±Sifemrif;}ud;tm;yef@ydk;&efESifh awmif;qkdvm&mwGifay;ykd@csxm;&ef

trsdK;om; trsm;jynfol Oya'pkd;rkd;a&;&JwyfzJG@wckwnfaqmuf&efESifh xdefodrf; &ef?”

Page 148: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

1482? ,cifzJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'. yk'fr219. yk'fr (219).yk'frcJG (1)pmykd'f(u)t

vsOf;us aompmom;rsm;tm; atmufygpmom;rsm;jzifhtpm;xkd;jcif; “ (1) yk'fr218(1)tm;vufatmufcHI pD&ifpkaumfr±Sifemrif;}uD;wOD;onf ³ ³ ³ tm;

wm0ef±Sdap&rnf? 3? ,cifzJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'yk'fr 224 / yk'frcJG (2). tykd'fi,ftm;atmufyg tydk'f

i,fjzifh tpm;xkd;jyifqifjcif;jzifh/ “ T yk'frcJGonf 1993 ckeSpf awmiftmz&duEkdifiH zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya' (1993

ck ESpf. tufOya'200) pwif+yD;aemufykdif; okd@aomf zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya't opf. yk'fr(73) wGif &nf±G,fjyXgef;xm;aom zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'pmydk'ftm; usifhokH;r_rwkdifrSD jzpf+yD; ‚if;rS ,if;.tm%mESifh xdef;csKyfr_atmufwGif &yfwnfjcif; okd@r[kwf ,if;ESifhqufqHvkyfukdifjcif;ESifh &nfrSef;csufrsm;tm; ajrawmifajrSmufay; aomEkdifiHa&;t oif;tzJG@rS ul;ajymif;umv tkyfcsKyfa&;aumifpDwGif trsdK;om;v$wf yg0ifvkyfaqmifcJhjcif; okd@r[kwf az:jyygzJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'. trsdK;om; v$wfawmfESifh pD&ifpkOay'ðytzJG@rsm; rxrt}udrf a±G;aumufyJGwGif yg0ifjcif;±Sdaomf rnfonfhvufeufukdfif wyfzJG@rSrqdk trnfpm&if;ay;oGif;aom tzGJ@0ifrsm;vnf; tusLH; 0ifapjcif;jzpf&rnf?

4? ,cifzJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'yk'fr (227). yk'frcJG (2)tm; atmufyg yk'frcJGjzifh tpm; xkd;jyifqifjzif;jzifh “(2)trsdK;om;umuG,fa&;wyfzJG@onf 1996ckESpfawmiftmz&duEkdif iHzJG@pnf; tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'tcef;(11) owfrSwwfxm;aom tusdK;aus;Zl;rsm;t& ‚if;.tm%mtm; usifhokH;jcif;ESifh vkyfief;rsm;aqmif±Gufjcif;ðy&rnf?

5? ,cif;zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya'. yk'fr (236)tm; jyifqifjcif; (u) yk'frcJG (u)tm; atmufygyk'fcJGjzifh tpm;xkd;jcif;jzifh “ (1)1996ckESpf awmiftmz&du

orRwekdifiHzJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya' ( TrSonf a±S@wGif “zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHO ya'topf” [knGef;xm;onf) rpwifrSD uyfv#uf±SdaomumvwGif tpkd;&vkyfief;rsm; tm;vkyfaqmifaomtrsm;jynfol vkyfief;Xge/ ekdifiH.Xge tkyfcsKyfa&;okd@r[kwf vkHðcH a&;Xgewckonf‚if;tm; zsufodrf;jcif; okd@r[kwf yl;aygif;zJG@pnf;jcif; okd@r[kwf av#mfuef aomtzJG@t pnf;okd@ aygi;fpnf;jcif;okd@r[kwf jyefvnfzJG@pnf;jcif;/ okd@r[kwf rnfonfh tjcm;t zJG@tpnf;ESifh ckdifrmpGm;yl;aygif;jcif;umvtxd/ ‚if;ESifh oufqkdifr_±Sdaeaom Oya'owfrSwf csufrsm;t& qufvufvnfywfonf?

(c) yk'frcJG (6) tm;atmufyg yk'frcJGjzifh tpm;xkd;jcif;jzifh / 1993ckESpf {+yDv (27)&ufae@ESifh 1994ckESpf pufwifbmv (30)&ufae@twGif;

yk'frcJG(2) wGifnGef;xm;aom rnfolwOD;wa,muf okd@r[kwf ,if;yk*~dKvfrsm; uJhokd@aom rnfonfht v$mESifh oufqkdifaom

“ (6) (u) orRwonf pmcsKyfwck. tqkH;tjzwfw&yfokd@r[kwf jyifqifr_w&yf cef@ tyfjcif;ESifh &mxl;wkd;jrifhjcif; okd@r[kwf oufwef;w&yfcsD;jrSifhjcif; okd@r [kwf0efxrf;jcif; uef@owfcsuf okd@r[kwf tjcm;tusdK;cHpm;cGifhtm; okH;oyf&efaumfr±SifwzJG@ tm;cef@tyfEkdifonf?

(c) aumfr±Sifonf pmcsKyfcef@tyfjcif; &mxl;wkd;jcif; okd@r[kwf csD;jrSifhjcif; w&yfonf rrSefuefygu okd@r[kwf tr_udpPtajctaersm;wGif oifhjrwf yguajymif;jyefvkyf jcif;okd@r[kwf ajymif;vJjcif; vkyfEkdifonf? ESifh

(*) yk'fr 236wGif “TzJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'”tm;awG@±Sdaom ae&m wGif “zJG@pnf;tkyf csKyfyHk tajccHOya'topf” jzifhtpm;xkd;jcif;jzifh?

Page 149: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

1496? ,cifzJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya' yk'fr(237)tm; jyifqifjcif; (u) yk'frcJG (1).

tykd'f(u)tm; atmufygpmykd'fjzifh tpm;xkd;jcif;jzifh “ (u) yk'fr 114(2)wGifnGef;xm;aom ppfwyfzJG@rsm;tm; y,fIyk'fr 236(1)wGifnGef;xm;aom

tzJG@tpnf;tm;vkH;. xda&mufjcif;±Sdjcif; ±Sd+yd;rvkdvm;tyfaomqkH;±kH;r_rsm;a±Smif&ef jyefvnfzJG@pnf; wnfaxmifr_rsm;onf 1996ckESpfawmiftmz&duorRwEkdifiH zJG@pnf; tkyfcsKyfykHt ajccHOya'pwif r_±Sdjcif;aemufykdif;wGif (u) trsdK;om; twkdif;twmtwGif; w&m;a&;udpPrsm;tm; trsdK;om;tpkd;&twkdif;t

wmwGifxd a&mufaompDrHcef@cJGjcif;w&yfESifh (c) pD&ifpk tpkd;&wckjcif;. w&m;a&;udpPrsm;tm; pD&ifpkðyjcif;twGuf xda&mufaom

pDrHcef@ cJGjcif;w&yf - tm;wnfaxmif&ef±_a'gifhjzifhqufvufvkyfaqmif&rnf? ESifh

(*) yk'frcJG (2). tykd'fcJG (1)tm; atmufyg tykd'fcJGjzifh tpm;xkd;jcif;jzifh “ (1)ppfwyfzJG@rsm;tm; y,fIyk'fr 236(1)wGifnGef;xm;aom tzJG@tpnf;rsm;onf

pD&ifpktpkd;&rsm;ESifh ,if;wm0eftm;yl;wJGusifhokH;jcif;jzifh trsdK;om;tpkd;&wGifwnf& rnf?”

7? ,cifzJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'. yk'fr 239. yk'frcJG(4)tm; atmufygyk'frcJGjzifh tpm;xkd;jcif;jzifh jyifqifonf ? “ (4) oufqkdifjcif;±Sdaom rnfonfhOya'tm;rqkd vufatmufcHjcif;ESifh t& yk'fr224 (2)wGif nGef;xm;aomwyfzJG@tm;vkH;. ykdifqkdifr_pkpkaygif;rsm tcGifhta&;rsm;0wW&m;rsm; ESifhwm0ef±Sdjcif;rsm;onf umuG,fa&;0ef}ud;. nGef=um;csufrsm;t& trsdk;om;um uG,fa&;wyfzJG@okd@v$Jajymif; jcif;ðy&rnf? tpDtpOf (7)

±kyfodrf;aom Oya'rsm;

Oya'trSwfESifh ckESpf acgif;pOf

Page 150: Africa Constitution( ေတာင္အာဖရိက ဖဲြ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ)

1501993 ckESpf. tufOya' 200 1994ckESpf. tufOya' 2 1994ckESpf. tufOya' 13 1994 ckESpf. tufOya' 14 1994ckESpf. tufOya' 24 1994 ckESpf. tufOya' 29 1994ckESpf. tufOya' 20 1995 ckESpf. tufOya' 44 1996ckESpf. tufOya' 7 1996ckESpf. tufOya' 26

awmiftmz&duorRwEkdifiH zJG@pnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccH Oya' 1993 awmiftmz&duorRwEkdifiH zJGpnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHO ya'/ tufOya' 1994 awmiftmz&duorRwEkdifiH zJGpnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHO ya'/ 'kwd,jyifqifr_tufOya'/ 1994 awmiftmz&duorRwEkdifiH zJGpnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHO ya'/ wwd,jyifqifr_tufOya'/ 1994 awmiftmz&duorRwEkdifiH zJGpnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHO ya'/ pwkwˆjyifqifr_ tufOya' / 1994 awmiftmz&duorRwEkdifiH zJGpnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHO ya'/ yOPrjyifqifr_ tufOya'/ 1994 awmiftmz&duorRwEkdifiH zJGpnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHO ya'/ jyifqifr_tufOya' / 1995 awmiftmz&duorRwEkdifiH zJGpnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHO ya'/ 'kwd,jyifqifr_tufOya'/ 1995 awmiftmz&duorRwEkdifiH zJGpnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHO ya'/ jyifqifr_tufOya'/ 1996 awmiftmz&duorRwEkdifiH zJGpnf;tkyfcsKyfykHtajccHO ya'/ wwd,jyifqifr_tufOya'/ 1996