al-shafe ’ i محمد بن ادريس الشافعي 150-204 h نبذة عن حياة الأئمة...

Al-Shafe’iAl-Shafe’iادريس بن ادريس محمد بن محمدالشافعيالشافعي

150-204 H150-204 H

األربعة األئمة حياة عن األربعة نبذة األئمة حياة عن نبذة

Lives of The Great Four Lives of The Great Four ImamsImams

70 90 110 130 150 170 190 210 230 250

Abu Hanifah 80-150 H

Malik 93-179 H

Shafe’i 150-204 H

Ahmad 164-241 H

Abdu-Manafمناف عبد

Nawfalنوفل

Abdu-Shamsشمس عبد

Hashemهاشم

Al-Mutalibالمطلب

Abdul-Mutalibالمطلب عبد

Abudullahالله عبد

Muhammad PBUH(محمد سلم) و عليه الله صلى

Umayyahأمية

Al-Shafe’iالشافعي

Al-Abaas العباس

Imam Al-Shafe’i (150-204 H)Imam Al-Shafe’i (150-204 H)

Imam Al-Shafe’i (150-Imam Al-Shafe’i (150-204 H)204 H)

His Birth in GazaHis Birth in Gaza

His Youth in MeccaHis Youth in Mecca

His life with the Arabs of Huthayl His life with the Arabs of Huthayl هذيلهذيل

His study in MeccaHis study in Mecca


From Mecca to MedinaFrom Mecca to Medina

With Imam MalikWith Imam Malik

The Governor of NajranThe Governor of Najran

Political TroublePolitical Trouble


Studying in Baghdad (two years 184-Studying in Baghdad (two years 184-186 H)186 H)

Back to Mecca (nine years 186-195 Back to Mecca (nine years 186-195 H)H)

To Baghdad again (195 H)To Baghdad again (195 H)

To Egypt (199-204 H)To Egypt (199-204 H)

IraqIraq

MisrMisr

To YemenTo Yemen

Gaza

IraqIraq

MisrMisr

To YemenTo Yemen

Huthayl

Gaza

IraqIraq

MisrMisr

To YemenTo Yemen

Gaza

IraqIraq

MisrMisr

To YemenTo Yemen

Gaza

Baghdad

184-186 H

IraqIraq

MisrMisr

To YemenTo Yemen

Gaza

Baghdad

186-195 H

IraqIraq

MisrMisr

To YemenTo Yemen

Gaza

Baghdad195-199 H

IraqIraq

MisrMisr

To YemenTo Yemen

Gaza

Baghdad

199-204 H


His Personal AttributesHis Personal Attributes

His Teachers and MentorsHis Teachers and Mentors

His Life ExperiencesHis Life Experiences

His TimeHis Time


His Personal AttributesHis Personal Attributes

His Intelligence and DepthHis Intelligence and Depth

EloquenceEloquence

SinceritySincerity


His Teachers and MentorsHis Teachers and Mentors Mecca:Mecca:

Sufian bin Uyaynah Sufian bin Uyaynah عيينة بن عيينة سفيان بن سفيان Madina:Madina:

Imam Malik Imam Malik أنس بن أنس مالك بن مالك Iraq:Iraq:

Muhammad bin Al-Hasan Muhammad bin Al-Hasan الحسن بن الحسن محمد بن محمد Yemen:Yemen:

Omar bin Abi-Salamh Omar bin Abi-Salamh سلمة أبي بن سلمة عمر أبي بن عمر Yahya bin Hassan Yahya bin Hassan حسان بن حسان يحيى بن يحيى


His Teachers and MentorsHis Teachers and Mentors Mecca:Mecca:

Sufian bin UyaynahSufian bin Uyaynah عيينة بن عيينة سفيان بن صاحب ) صاحب ) سفيان مذهب(مذهب(

Madina:Madina: Imam MalikImam Malik أنس بن أنس مالك بن (مالك مذهب ) (صاحب مذهب ) صاحب

Iraq:Iraq: Muhammad bin Al-Hasan Muhammad bin Al-Hasan (Hanafi)(Hanafi) بن بن محمد محمد

(الحسن الحسن (حنفي) حنفي) Yemen:Yemen:

Omar bin Abi-Salamh Omar bin Abi-Salamh (Awza’i)(Awza’i) ) )بن أوزاعي( (أوزاعي بن عمر عمرسلمة سلمة أبي أبي

Yahya bin Hassan Yahya bin Hassan (Laythi)(Laythi) حسان بن حسان يحيى بن (يحيى (ليثي) ليثي)

““Hijazi” SchoolHijazi” School((Textual EvidenceTextual Evidence))

SahabaSahaba: Zaid, Bin Omar, Bin Abbas: Zaid, Bin Omar, Bin Abbas....Scholars of Medina of Tabi’eenScholars of Medina of Tabi’eenScholarsScholars: Rabi’a, Az-Zuhri, Nafe: Rabi’a, Az-Zuhri, Nafe..’..’

Abu HanifahAbu Hanifah

MalikMalik MuhammadMuhammadBin Al-HasanBin Al-Hasan

Al-Shafe’iAl-Shafe’i

““Iraqi” SchoolIraqi” School((OpinionOpinion))

SahabaSahaba: Ibn Masu’d, Omar: Ibn Masu’d, Omar....Scholars of Tabi’eenScholars of Tabi’een

ScholarsScholars: Al-Nakha’I, Hammad: Al-Nakha’I, Hammad..’..’


His Life ExperiencesHis Life Experiences

His TravelsHis Travels

Background in Arabic Language and Background in Arabic Language and PoetryPoetry

Strong Knowlwdge of Quran (Mecca)Strong Knowlwdge of Quran (Mecca)

Strong Knowledge in Hadith (Medina)Strong Knowledge in Hadith (Medina)

His Time:His Time:

Political Strength for the AbbasidsPolitical Strength for the Abbasids The “Melting Pot” effect in the Islamic The “Melting Pot” effect in the Islamic

StateState The Emergence of Heresy and DeviationThe Emergence of Heresy and Deviation The Formations of Schools and GroupsThe Formations of Schools and Groups The Age of Writing and DocumentationThe Age of Writing and Documentation


His Time:His Time:

The Age of Debate:The Age of Debate:

Opinion vs. Textual EvidenceOpinion vs. Textual Evidence Fatawa of SahabaFatawa of Sahaba ““Agreement”Agreement” Meanings of the WordsMeanings of the Words


His Time:His Time:

The Age of Groups and Deviation:The Age of Groups and Deviation:

ShiaShia KhawarejKhawarej Mu’tazilahMu’tazilah


Abdul-Mutalibالمطلب عبد

Abudullahالله عبد

Muhammad PBUH

(محمد سلم) و عليه الله صلى

Abu Talibطالب أبو

Aliعلي

�ِAl-Hasanالحسن

Al-Hussainالحسين

Aliالعابدين زين علي

Muhammadالباقر محمد

Zaidزيد

Ja’farالصادق جعفر

Musaالكاظم موسى

Ismailاسماعيل

Muhammadالحنفية بن محمد

Kaysani Shiaالكيسانية الشيعة

Zaydi Shiaالزيدية الشيعة

Imami Shiaاإلمامية الشيعة

Ismaili Shiaاإلسماعيلية الشيعة

His Time:His Time: The Age of Groups and Deviation:The Age of Groups and Deviation:

ShiaShia Saba’ISaba’I السبئيةالسبئية KaysaniKaysani الكيسانيةالكيسانية ZaydiZaydi الزيديةالزيدية ImamiImami اإلماميةاإلمامية IsmailiIsmaili اإلسماعيليةاإلسماعيلية


His Time:His Time:

The Age of Groups and Deviation:The Age of Groups and Deviation: KhawarejKhawarej

AzariqaAzariqa األزارقةاألزارقة Al-IbadhiaAl-Ibadhia اإلباضيةاإلباضية Others: Others: العجاردة الصفرية العجاردة النجدات الصفرية النجدات...................... الثعالبةالثعالبة


His Time:His Time:

The Age of Groups and Deviation:The Age of Groups and Deviation: Mu’tazilahMu’tazilah

Origin: Wasel bin Ata’Origin: Wasel bin Ata’ واصل واصل عطاء عطاء بن بن

The Five PrinciplesThe Five Principles Conflicts and TribulationsConflicts and Tribulations


His Opinions:His Opinions:

In Use of Philosophy/ Mu’tazilahIn Use of Philosophy/ Mu’tazilah

In ShiaIn Shia


His Fiqh (Jurisprudence):His Fiqh (Jurisprudence):

Learning StagesLearning Stages:: Madina Period: Madina Period: Maliki Fiqh (~169-179 Maliki Fiqh (~169-179

H)H) Iraqi Period: Iraqi Period: Hanafi Fiqh (184-186 HHanafi Fiqh (184-186 H

Shafe’i School StagesShafe’i School Stages:: Mecca Stage Mecca Stage (186-195 H)(186-195 H) Iraqi Stage Iraqi Stage (195-199 H)(195-199 H) Egyptian Stage Egyptian Stage (199-204 H)(199-204 H)


StageStageDateDateMain AcivityMain AcivityMajor Major BookBook

MaccaMacca186-186-195 H195 H

General General Foundations Foundations

and Rulesand Rulesاألصول و األصول الكليات و الكليات

Ar-Ar-RisalahRisalah

(according to (according to most)most)

الرسالةالرسالة

IraqIraq195-195-199 H199 H

Details and Details and Weighing Weighing

ProofsProofsو و الفروع الفروع الترجيحاتالترجيحات

Al-HujjahAl-Hujjah

(collectio(collection)n)

الحجةالحجة

EgyptEgypt199-199-204 H204 H

Review and Review and RevisionRevision

التمحيص و التمحيص التعديل و التعديل

Al-UmmAl-Umm

األماألم

His StudentsHis Students

Imam Ahmad, Az-Za’farani, Al-Imam Ahmad, Az-Za’farani, Al-Karabisi..Karabisi..

Al-Buwayti Al-Buwayti البويطيالبويطي Al-MuzniAl-Muzniالمزنيالمزني Al-Rabi’ bin SulaymanAl-Rabi’ bin Sulayman سليمان بن سليمان الربيع بن الربيع


His Books (most known)His Books (most known)

Ar-Risalah Ar-Risalah الرسالةالرسالة

Al-HujjahAl-Hujjah الحجةالحجة

Al-UmmAl-Umm األماألم


His FiqhHis Fiqh

Rules and Basics of JurisprudenceRules and Basics of Jurisprudence

Shari’a:Shari’a: Knowledge for the Common MuslimsKnowledge for the Common Muslims Knowledge for the “Special” ScholarsKnowledge for the “Special” Scholars


Sources of Shafe’i SchoolSources of Shafe’i School الشافعي المذهب في الفقهية الشافعي األدلة المذهب في الفقهية األدلة

AgreementAgreementاإلجماعاإلجماع

SahabaSahabaالصحابي الصحابي قول قول

SahabaSahabaDisagreementDisagreement

الصحابة الصحابة خالف خالف

ComparisonComparisonالقياسالقياس

QuranQuranالقرآن القرآن

SunnahSunnahالسنةالسنة

Same level when Sunnah is Same level when Sunnah is authentic.authentic.

Rejecting Qur’an is Kufr. Rejecting Rejecting Qur’an is Kufr. Rejecting Solitary-narrated Hadith is not.Solitary-narrated Hadith is not.

Qur’an comes first if any question in Qur’an comes first if any question in understanding.understanding.

Sources of Shafe’i SchoolSources of Shafe’i SchoolQuranQuran

القرآن القرآن


General and SpecificGeneral and Specific

القرآن الخاصفي و القرآن العام الخاصفي و العام

Sources of Shafe’i SchoolSources of Shafe’i School

QuranQuranالقرآن القرآن

Answering three groups:Answering three groups: Rejecting Sunnah altogether.Rejecting Sunnah altogether. Accepting Sunnah only if supported Accepting Sunnah only if supported

by Qur’an.by Qur’an. Rejecting Solitary-narrated Hadiths.Rejecting Solitary-narrated Hadiths.



A main source in Shafe’i schoolA main source in Shafe’i school Proved its authenticityProved its authenticity Rejected “Silent” AgreementRejected “Silent” Agreement


AgreementAgreementاإلجماعاإلجماع

Agreement of Sahaba is a source in Agreement of Sahaba is a source in Shafe’i school.Shafe’i school.

A single Sahabi’s opinion is to be A single Sahabi’s opinion is to be followed if no disagreement.followed if no disagreement.

Disagreement of Sahaba: Weighed Disagreement of Sahaba: Weighed opinions by Qur’an, Sunnah, and opinions by Qur’an, Sunnah, and Comparison.Comparison.


SahabaSahabaالصحابي الصحابي قول قول

SahabaSahabaDisagreementDisagreement

الصحابة الصحابة خالف خالف

Comarison Comarison isis Ijtihad Ijtihad ““Apparent” KnowledgeApparent” Knowledge Dependent on Textual EvidenceDependent on Textual Evidence Three Types:Three Types:

Branch is more obvious than the Branch is more obvious than the OriginOrigin

Branch is same as the OriginBranch is same as the Origin Branch is less obvious than the OriginBranch is less obvious than the Origin



Comparison is not for all texts and Comparison is not for all texts and narrations.narrations.

Conditions for Mujtahid of Conditions for Mujtahid of Comparison:Comparison: Mastering of Arabic LanguageMastering of Arabic Language Knowledge of Qur’anKnowledge of Qur’an Knowledge of SunnahKnowledge of Sunnah Intelligence and WisdomIntelligence and Wisdom



Rejecting Preference Rejecting Preference ابطال ابطالاإلستحساناإلستحسان

Definition of Preference in Shafe’i Definition of Preference in Shafe’i SchoolSchool

Why it is rejected in his schoolWhy it is rejected in his school Preference in Hanafi SchoolPreference in Hanafi School Preference in Maliki SchoolPreference in Maliki School


Spread of Shafe’i SchoolSpread of Shafe’i School

al-shafe ’ i محمد بن ادريس الشافعي 150-204 h نبذة عن حياة الأئمة...

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