Development of anticorruption strategies, implementation, monitoring and evaluation

Alvils Strīķeris 2015

Western countries vs. Eastern Europe and Central Asia countries

In this century anti-corruption strategies and action plans have become common in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, as well as in other regions in the world where corruption is considered widespread and present at all levels of society and politics. Anti-corruption programmes are less frequent in Western Europe or Northern American countries, where corruption is relatively less of a common problem and existing institutions cope with it in most cases.

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UNCAC (Unataed Nations Convention against Corruption) Art. 5: “Each State Party shall, in accordance with the fundamental principles of its legal system, develop and implement or maintain effective, coordinated anti-corruption policies that promote the participation of society and reflect the principles of the rule of law, proper management of public affairs and public property, integrity, transparency and accountability”

OECD

GRECO3

Anti-corruption strategies

Strategy

Action plan

Program

Concept

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Anti-corruption strategies

Political

Technical

«The challenge for the public officials responsible for the development and implementation of the strategies and action plans is to strike the right balance between the political and technocratic approaches.»

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Prevention and combating

Prevention: Integrity Public service and Judiciary Public procurement Transparency Access to information Whistleblower regulation and protection Lobbying Political corruption Control of finances of political parties Control of pre-election Campaign Education

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Prevention and combating

Investigation focus of violations related to corruption:Exceeding a public official’s authority;Using official position in bad faith;Public official’s failure to act, i.e. a public official fails to perform his or her assigned duties, intentionally or through negligence and thus causes harm to a state authority, its rights and interests;Accepting and giving  bribes, including misappropriation of a bribe and intermediation in a bribery;Violating restrictions imposed on a public official repeatedly or if substantial harm is caused to the state interests;Unlawful participation in property transactions by a public official;Trading in influence, i.e. giving/accepting material value, property or other kind of benefits to/by a public official to personally influence the activities or decisions of a public official;Intermediation in financing of political parties.

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Latvia’s newest anti-corruption program 2015-2020

5 sub-objectives

15 courses of action

112 tasks

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Sub-objective: Ensure public administration’s policy of human resource management that excludes motivation for corruptive activities

Direction of activities: Review of the scope of persons subject to the preventive anti-corruption measures Direction of activities: Improvement of the public administration’s human resource management, thus promoting ethical principles and reducing the risks of corruption and conflicts of interest

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Sub-objective: Create and improve an independent internal control system to limit cases of corruption or defrauding of financial resources, including the EU and other foreign financial resources, in the public, municipal or private sectorDirection of activities: Improvement, maintenance and supervision of the internal control system in the public and municipal institutions or capital companies

Direction of activities: Provision of the legality of use of public property and funds, including the EU funds and other foreign financial assistance instruments Direction of activities: Strengthening of good faith and prevention of corruption risks among officials related to the judicial powerDirection of activities: Implementation of anti-corruption measures in the private sector

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Sub-objective: Reduce the public tolerance towards corruption

Direction of activities: Involvment of persons and groups that do no represent the public sector into the corruption prevention, and promotion of public intolerance against the corruption and the consequences therofDirection of activities: Improvement of the system of whistleblower protection and provision of information to the society in cases of violation of the law

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Sub-objective: Ensure inevitability of penalties for offences related to the abuse of official power and for unlawful use of the power

Direction of activities: Setting of effective, proportionate and dissuasive administrative or criminal penalties for offences committed.Direction of activities: Prevention and combating of bribery of officials related to foreign and international organisationsDirection of activities: Determination of responsibility for the squandering or misappropriation of property, and for other unlawful activities carried out by public officials in relation to the propertyDirection of activities: Prevention of the laundering of proceeds of crime and promotion of possibilities to recover the proceeds of crimeDirection of activities: Effective operation of the preventive anti-corruption organisations and provision of their independence

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Sub-objective: Limit the power of money in the politics

Direction of activities: Ensuring of the transparency of financing of political organisations and reduction of the role of money in the politicsDirection of activities: Promoting social involvment in the policy creation process

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Monitoring and evaluation

Delegating responsibility GovernmentResponsible institutionsNGO’s Society

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Control mechanisms

InteriorExterior

Reports

Credibility and trustfulnessStatisticsVoice of media

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Anti-corruption should involve efforts of many agencies, which makes the coordination and enforcement of implementation a real challenge.

-mobilise political support -strengthen demand from society-design effective implementation measures

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Phone: +371 67356161 Fax: +371 67331150

E-mail: knab@knab.gov.lv

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www.knab.gov.lv