د فيصل الناصر - mosquitol malaria problem

Prof Faisal Abdul Latif Alnasir FPC, FRCGP, MICGP, FFPH,, PhD

ChairmanDepartment of Family and Community Medicine

Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain

لبع لبعا ـا ــ Mosquitوضوضـo

البعوضة هذا المخلوق الضعيف البعوضة هذا المخلوق الضعيف العجيب..العجيب..

ا بسبحانه توتعالى نعندثما ضرب ثمثلا بسبحانه توتعالى نعندثما ضرب ثمثلبعوضة فهو ليبين للناس نأن هذا بعوضة فهو ليبين للناس نأن هذا المخلوق الصغير في جحجمه المخلوق الصغير في جحجمه

نعظيم في لخلقهنعظيم في لخلقه

Aedes aegypti'Dengue' or 'Yellow Fever' mosquito.

"Mosquito"

The word Mosquito "mosca and ito" Is a Spanish or Portuguese word meaning "little fly" or “long-legged”

Anopheles -Greek mean hurtful -Latin mean four spots

(4 dark spots on the wings)

•It is a common flying insect that is found around the world.

•It is the deadliest animals on Earth.

•On average, a female mosquito will live 2-3 weeks.

•Can fly about 1 to 1.5 miles per hour (1.6-2.4 k/h).

•Salt marsh mosquitoes may travel up to 100 miles from their larval breeding habitat

• A mosquito's wings beat 300-600 times per second

• Only female mosquitoes bite.

• An adult mosquito may live 5-6 months

• Mosquitoes can detect carbon dioxide from 75 feet away

• The size depends upon the population of the larva in

standing water and the amount of food available to the larva

to eat. With the size of a mosquito varying, adults don't

normally grow larger than 16 millimetres and weigh 2.5 mg.

• Mosquitoes prefer children to adults

•Mosquitoes must have water to lay their eggs and the eggs need water to HATCH - some species lay their eggs in moist soil (not standing water)

•One female floodwater mosquito has a potential to lay 200 eggs per batch

•Over 2,700 to 3500 species of mosquitoes in the world.

About 200 species are

available in the United States

of which 77 species are in

Florida alone.

Mosquito BiologyMosquitoes develop through 4 different stages during their life: egg, larva, pupa, and adult.

Pupal MosquitoLarval Mosquito Mosquito Egg

How does it look?

•Have two wings, but unlike other flies, have scales.

•Female mosquitoes' mouthparts form a long piercing-sucking slender - Proboscis.

•At its end there are two pairs of cutting Stylets that slide against one another to slice through the skin.

•Inside the proboscis are two hollow tubes, one that injects saliva into the microscopic wound and one that withdraws blood.

How does it f ind its vict im:

•Sight

•Visual sensors -- wearing clothing that contrasts with the background, and moving while wearing that clothing.

•Anything moving is "alive", and therefore full of blood.

•Smell

•Heat sensors – (infrared light), (heat light), can find warm-blooded mammals and birds very easily once they get close enough.

•Chemical sensors – Perspiration and body odor. Can sense carbon dioxide and lactic acid from75-100 feet (36 meters) away. Just any mammal or bird which gives off these gases as part of its normal breathing

. Certain chemicals in sweat also attract mosquitoes (people who don't sweat don't get nearly as many mosquito bites).

Once through the skin:

The proboscis begins probing for a tiny blood vessel. If it does not strike one on the first try, the mosquito will pull back slightly and try again at another angle through the same hole in the skin.

The mosquito's saliva includes a combination of anti-hemostatic and anti-inflammatory enzymes that disrupt the clotting process and inhibit the pain reaction.

•If she is disturbed, she will fly away.

Otherwise, she will remain until she

has a full abdomen. If the sensory

nerve to her abdomen is cut, she

would keep sucking until she burst.

Mechanism of itch:

•After she bites, some saliva remains in the wound

•The proteins from the saliva evoke an immune response in the body

•The area swells (wheal)

•Starts itching (a response provoked by the saliva)

•Eventually, the swelling goes away, but the itch remains until the immune cells break down the saliva proteins.

10 Ways to Guarantee You'l l Get Mosquito Bites:

1.Keep breathing2.Skip the shower3.Run around4.Sweat a lot5.Stay warm6.Dress in dark colors7.Put perfume or cologne8.Use alpha hydroxy products on your skin.Lactic acid, which our bodies produce naturally, is a big draw for mosquitoes. It just so happens that many skin care products contain lactic acid, too9.Don't change your socks10.Drink beer and eat limburger cheese (A soft white cheese with a very strong odor and flavor).11.If you eat bananas, you are more likely to be bitten

Anopheles annulipesAustralia

Something with this many sensors sounds more like a

military aircraft than an insect.

Epidemiology Of MalariaNearly 1 million people out of the 250 million

diseased cases die of malaria every year (World Health Organization)

Of the total numbers, 80% of estimated

malaria deaths occur in just 14 countries and

approximately 80% of estimated cases occur

in 17 countries. 

•Major impact of the disease is almost

entirely on the developing countries.

• Economic burden of malaria: It takes off

1.3% from the economic growth of some

African countries.

Various parts of the Mosquitos Body

Their eyes are known as "the compound eyes"

as it may utilize up to 29,000 lenses per eye.

(compound eyes afford a panoramic view,

allowing insects to see in many directions at

once.)

بسم ال الرحمن الرحيمبسم ال الرحمن الرحيم

ف ة ةض ضوعضو مب ا ةب ف ال ةمةث ةب بر رض رحبي ي ةأ ن ةي رسةت ةال ةي ةل ن ا بإةح ق ضوه ارل ة ن ةأن ضومضو رعةل ةفةي ةمضونضورا ةن آ بذي مب ا ال ةفةأ ةهب ا رضوةق ةف ةمب ا ةفةد ةرا ةذا ةأ ةمب ا ة ن ضوراورا ةفةيضوقضوضولضو ةكةف ةن بذي مب ا ال ةاوةأ رم به رهب بمن

ضول ةكبثيرف ا ا به بد ي بب ره ةاوةي ةكبثيرف ا به بض ل بب ف ال ضوي ةمةث ةذا ةه ببةن بسبقي ال ارلةفب ا به بإ بض ل بب ةمب ا ضوي ةاو

صدق ال العظيمصدق ال العظيمسضورة البقرةسضورة البقرة

من شعــر المتنبـــي   

فليست تزور إل في الظل�موزائرتي كأن بها حياء

كأنا عاكفان علـى الحـرا�مإذا ما فارقتني غسلتني

إذ ألقاك في الكرب العظا�متصادق وعدها والوعد شرف 

شكراشكرا