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Cabling technology in data center

an outlook

Stefan RiesVice President Private Networks, Reichle & De Massari

Member/Expert ISO/IEC JTC 1 SC25 WG 3

Contend

• Current cabling standards for DC

• Future transmission standards

• Cabling planning / implementation

• Cabling in the operation

Datacenter - Standards US

TIA/EIA 568-B 1 TIA/EIA 569-B TIA/EIA 606-A TIA/EIA-J- 607 TIA/EIA 758-A

TIA/EIA 568-B 2

TIA/EIA 568-B 3

TIA/EIA 942Telecommunication Infrastructure

for Data Center

CablingPathways

Spaces

Administration Grounding

Bonding

Cabling

ISO / IEC 2764 – 2nd FCD1) Draft

Generic cabling systems for Data Centers

Source: ISO/IEC J TC 1/SC 25 N 1643 2nd FCD SIO/IEC 24764:2009-04-211) Under Vote as per 2009-08-22

ISO / IEC 2764 – 2nd CD Draft

Generic cabling systems for Data Centers

Source: ISO/IEC J TC 1/SC 25 N 1463 2nd CD SIO/IEC 24764:2008-01-08

Flash light: ISO/IEC 24764

• Functional elements• External network interface ENI

• Main distributor MD• Zone Distributor ZD

• Local distribution point LDP

• Equipment outlet EO

• Limitation to Cat. 6A, Cat. 7 and Cat. 7A in the distribution area

• Performance requirement according ISO / IEC 11801 2nd ed. Adm. 1&21)

• Optical interface (EO) only LC (IEC 61754-20) & MPO (IEC 61754-7)

1) Under Vote as per 2009-08-22Source: ISO/IEC J TC 1/SC 25 N 1643 2nd FCD SIO/IEC 24764:2009-04-21

Comparison TIA vs. ISO/IEC

TIA cabling ISO/IEC

Dedicated to DC NO YES

Cat. 6A/ Aperformance

Lower Higher

UTP & STP Not really Yes

Approved Yes Vote 2009-08-22

Standards related to 10GB/s

• IEEE 802.3an

– Standard which defines the 10GbE –Application

– Defines the requirements for the cabling that 10GbE can be implemented

• ISO/IEC 11 801 ed. 2002– Global standard for generic cabling

– Amendment 1 (former 1.1) defines the channel requirement

• Class EA and FA for 10GbE

– Amendment 2 (former 1.2) defines the component values required to reach Class EA and FA

independent from the manufacturer (re embedded)

• ISO/IEC TR 24 750 – EIA/TIA TSB 155

– Technical report for approve existing cabling regarding 10GbE capability

• EIA/TIA 568.xx

– American standard for generic cabling

– Usually faster that ISO/IEC and lower in performance

• EN 50 173-x– European standard for generic cabling

– Usually waiting on ISO/IEC -> no need for harmonisation

– No 10GbE definitions yet

Standard Overview Aug. 2009

Channel Components

cable connectivity

IEEE 802.3an

(10GbE)

“relaxed NEXT-

slope”

~ 40 DB/Dec

EIA/TIA

568B.2-10

Cat. 6A

“relaxed slope”

~ 27 DB/Dec

Cat. 6A Cat. 6A

ISO/IEC11801

Class EA“NEXT not relaxed”

Amendment 1

Cat. 6A

Under definition 1)

Amendment 21) Under Vote as per 2009-08-22

A or A

• EIA/TIA 568B2-10– Link Cat. 6A; Components Cat. 6A

• ISO/IEC 11801 / EN 50173

– Link Class EA; Components Cat. 6A

• Massive difference in performance

• Often not precise labeled

• Components often wrong labeled

Standard Overview Aug. 2009

Channel Components

cable connectivity

IEEE 802.3an

(10GbE)

“relaxed NEXT-

slope”

~ 40 DB/Dec

EIA/TIA

568B.2-10

Cat. 6A

“relaxed slope”

~ 27 DB/Dec

Cat. 6A Cat. 6A

ISO/IEC11801

Class EA“NEXT not relaxed”

Amendment 1

Cat. 6A

Under definition 1)

Amendment 21) Under Vote as per 2009-08-22

EIA/TIA Class Cat. 6A (Channel)

EIA/TIA Cat. 6A componentlimits

Components vs. ChannelISO/IEC Class EA

C h a n n e l N E X T P e r f o r m a n

Components vendor A

Components vendor C (Cat 6A)

Components vendor B (Cat 6A)

Components vendor D (Cat 6A)

The components used to build a Class EA

channel according to ISO/IEC, will notnecessarily meet the EIA/TIA Cat. 6A

component standards (even thoughEIA/TIA Cat. 6A components can onlycombine to build a lower performingchannel according to EIA/TIA Cat. 6A!)

Class EA / Category 6A (Channel) certificate

Future application standards

Data center demand

Source: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 25/WG 3(Barcelona/Flatman)018-02-08 IEEE 802.3 Project report

Date rate in the Data center

Source: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 25/WG 3(Barcelona/Flatman)018-02-08 IEEE 802.3 Project report

40/100GB – Ethernet IEEE 802.3ba

Not 40GBase-T

Not 100GBase-T

IEEE 802.3ba connectivity (Draft 2.0)

40GBASE-CR4

IEC 61076-3-113

100GBASE-CR10

SFF-8642IEC ????

802.3ba is based on 4 resp. 10parallel 10GB/s transmissions

IEEE 802.3ba (Status Draft 2.0)40GB/s / 100GB/s Ethernet

• IEEE 802.3ba is based on 4 resp. 10 parallel 10GB/s links

– This allows to use of an already known technology

• IEEE 802.3ba do not plan to make use of any Cat. Xx

Technology for copper so far.– There are no plans for an IEEE project for 40GBase-T with Cat. 7A

• For FO 802.3ba refer to OM3 and MPO connectivity

– The current MPO design can’t handle all 100GB/s arrangements

– The use of OM4 is still open

OM4 fibre

• 802.3ba defines 10 parallel 10GB/s for a distance of 100mwith OM3

• 802.3z defines 10GB/s for a distance of 300m with OM3

• The use of OM4 would enlarge the attenuation budget againstOM3

Source: ISO/IEC J TC 1/SC 25 N 1645 2nd FPDAM SIO/IEC 11801 Adm. 2: 2009-04-21

Cabling planning / implementation

The data center thesis's

1. Low density is as important as high density

2. Installation speed and flexibility is core

3. Standardization on the implementation level isimportant

• Modularity

Density

• A structured cabling of a Data

center require more space than an

unstructured• Patch areas requires

– Space to patch

– Provide overview

Future Expansion Plans in the Next 5 YearsData Center - U.S. 2007 & U.K. 2008

0 20 40 60 80 100

Expand existing data

center(s)

Outsource more data

center functions

Build a new datacenter

No. Respondents: U.S. 250; U.K.120

US Market

Data center activity

• More money is spent in the passive infrastructure

during operation than for to build a data center

– Planning doesn’t stop when the DC is built– There are installation activities in a running DC

– There change the use of the space in a DC

Installation in a DC

• High reliability and installation quality required

– High success at first try rate

– Easy installation –> low failure

UTP Anteil "Pass" (%)

80.090.0

R&M V-4 V-6 V-9

% PASS after installation UTP

Installation in a DC

• Pre-termination

FO reliability

Splice: 4 connection

No Epoxy, No Polish: 4 connection, fast connection

Pre termination: 2 connection, fast termination

Standardization on the implementation

• Planning get less complex

• The effort for migration or resizing decrease

• The handling of multi site installations get lesscomplex

• The standardization of the implementation requires ahigh modularity of the used systems

Standardization on platform level

• CU and FO in the same

platform deployable• Mix of FO and CU in the

same platform

• Deploy the same linkcomponents in differentplatforms

Operation

downtime in data centersApril 2007: 100 Data center with a high Blade-Server density

The human is the biggest problem !

Protection of the data center “Avoid trouble maker”

• Protection of the cabling from human?

• Avoid mistake of the human in the

cabling

• 80% of the errors can be avoided very

easily

The small thingshave the big effect

Overview, Overview, Overview“Small things with a big error prevention effect”

• Color keeps the overview

• The code must be applicable

by the operators– Colored patch cords ??

Think before act“Small things with a big error prevention effect”

Additional step before disengage

Prevent wrong connection“Small things with a big error prevention effect”

Mechanical coding

Only if authorized“Small things with a big error prevention effect”

Key look

… also against patch cable thief's

Don’t ask for the impossible“Small things with a big error prevention effect”

Latch operation with bladeserver deployment

Source: Polywell Computers

Source: unknown

The importance of the patch cord

• The patch cords are deployed where the signal level

is lowest and the distribution is highest

As higher the data rate

as higher the demand for

the patch cords!

bicsi japan 20090904 ries dc

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