catalyst – review day 2 1. what is the difference between an independent and dependent variable?...

Catalyst – Review Day 2

1. What is the difference between an independent and dependent variable?

2. What are the 2 main subgroups of matter?

Please take out your HW!

Today’s Agenda

CatalystGo over Review HW Packet #1Review the AtomIndividual Work TimeWhiteboards??Exit Question

Today’s Objectives

SWBAT master the ATOM! (Unit 3)

Bring it together…

Yesterday we talked about matter…

If you keep breaking down matter further and further, you will get to something called the…

ATOM!!For more on the theories, go to the book and read….

Subatomic Particles

What are the three subatomic particles? Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons

How do you know how many there are in each atom? Protons= atomic number (ID number) Electrons= atomic number (if atom is

neutral) Neutrons= mass number- atomic number

Wow… that’s pretty fantastic I wonder if there is anything else

that we can get from the periodic table…

TOTALLY MAN! Atomic Radius! – size of the atom Ionization energy! – how much energy

it takes to remove one electron! Electronegativity! – how much an

atom wants electrons

Atomic size DECREASES as you go across the Periodic TableA

tom

ic size IN

CR

EA

ES

ES

as y

ou

go

dow

n th

e P

erio

dic T

ab

le

Electronegativity Trends

Practiz

1. Which element has the highest 1st ionization energy? Boron, Carbon, Nitrogen, or Oxygen

2. Which element has the lowest atomic radius? Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, or Rubidium

3. Which element has the highest electronegativity? Oxygen, Sulfur, Selenium, or Tellurium

Man, what a rush!

Can we please, please, please talk about ionic bonding?

Fiiineeeee…..

What do you have to do to get the formulas for ionic compounds?

Kris Kross Method!

Ca3As

2

Ca2+As3-

Then, what do you do?

Name the sucka! Since you had to do a lot of work, all you

do for naming is… Change the second element’s ending to –

ide. For polyatomics, just use the name.

Ex: MgCl2 = Magnesium Chloride Al(OH)3= Aluminum Hydroxide

Wow, too easy for comfort…

What about covalent bonds?!!?!?!? I love them…

Well, no kriss krossing… you will be given the formula.

But, naming is a tad bit trickier.

Naming Covalent Compounds

N2O

Naming Covalent Compounds

Rule 1: If the first element has more than

one atom, give it a prefix.

Naming Covalent Compounds

N2O

Dinitrogen

Naming Covalent Compounds

Rule 2: the second element gets a prefix, uses the root of the

word and ends in -ide.

Naming Covalent Compounds

N2O

Dinitrogen Monooxide

Naming Covalent Compounds

Rule 3: the “o” or “a” at the end of the prefix

is dropped if the element begins in a

vowel.

Naming Covalent Compounds

N2O

Dinitrogen Monooxide

Naming Covalent Compounds

N2O

Dinitrogen Monoxide

Writing Formulas from NamesIs it ionic or is it covalent?

EXAMPLES• Carbon

tetrachloride• Diarsenic

trioxide• Magnesium

hydroxide• Calcium

Chloride

YOUR TURN TO “FORMULIZE”

1. Sulfur trioxide2. Carbon monoxide3. Lithium Oxide4. Rubidium

Phosphate5. Tetraphosphorus

hexasulfide6. Xenon difluoride

Periodic Table Whiteboards!

Put a box around all Alkali Metals Put a box around all Halogens Put a box around all Transition Metals Put a box around all Noble Gases Circle the MOST ELECTRONEGATIVE

element Circle the LEAST ELECTRONEGATIVE

element

Periodic Table Whiteboards!

Circle the element with an ATOMIC NUMBER of 7

Circle the element with 14 PROTONS Circle the element with an ATOMIC

MASS of 52 Circle the element with 45 ELECTRONS Circle the element with 20 PROTONS

and 20 NEUTRONS

Exit Question

1. Pick the most electronegative element of these two: Sodium or Magnesium.

2. Pick the element with the higher 1st ionization energy: Fluorine or Oxygen.

3. Now write the formula and name the compound formed between lithium and oxygen.

4. Name SO2.

Atoms (subatomic particles) Ionic Bonding… naming Covalent Bonding… naming Ionization Energy Electronegativity