catalyst – review day 2 1. what is the difference between an independent and dependent variable?...
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Catalyst – Review Day 2
1. What is the difference between an independent and dependent variable?
2. What are the 2 main subgroups of matter?
Please take out your HW!
Today’s Agenda
CatalystGo over Review HW Packet #1Review the AtomIndividual Work TimeWhiteboards??Exit Question
Today’s Objectives
SWBAT master the ATOM! (Unit 3)
Bring it together…
Yesterday we talked about matter…
If you keep breaking down matter further and further, you will get to something called the…
ATOM!!For more on the theories, go to the book and read….
Subatomic Particles
What are the three subatomic particles? Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons
How do you know how many there are in each atom? Protons= atomic number (ID number) Electrons= atomic number (if atom is
neutral) Neutrons= mass number- atomic number
Wow… that’s pretty fantastic I wonder if there is anything else
that we can get from the periodic table…
TOTALLY MAN! Atomic Radius! – size of the atom Ionization energy! – how much energy
it takes to remove one electron! Electronegativity! – how much an
atom wants electrons
Atomic size DECREASES as you go across the Periodic TableA
tom
ic size IN
CR
EA
ES
ES
as y
ou
go
dow
n th
e P
erio
dic T
ab
le
Electronegativity Trends
Practiz
1. Which element has the highest 1st ionization energy? Boron, Carbon, Nitrogen, or Oxygen
2. Which element has the lowest atomic radius? Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, or Rubidium
3. Which element has the highest electronegativity? Oxygen, Sulfur, Selenium, or Tellurium
Man, what a rush!
Can we please, please, please talk about ionic bonding?
Fiiineeeee…..
What do you have to do to get the formulas for ionic compounds?
Kris Kross Method!
Ca3As
2
Ca2+As3-
Then, what do you do?
Name the sucka! Since you had to do a lot of work, all you
do for naming is… Change the second element’s ending to –
ide. For polyatomics, just use the name.
Ex: MgCl2 = Magnesium Chloride Al(OH)3= Aluminum Hydroxide
Wow, too easy for comfort…
What about covalent bonds?!!?!?!? I love them…
Well, no kriss krossing… you will be given the formula.
But, naming is a tad bit trickier.
Naming Covalent Compounds
N2O
Naming Covalent Compounds
Rule 1: If the first element has more than
one atom, give it a prefix.
Naming Covalent Compounds
N2O
Dinitrogen
Naming Covalent Compounds
Rule 2: the second element gets a prefix, uses the root of the
word and ends in -ide.
Naming Covalent Compounds
N2O
Dinitrogen Monooxide
Naming Covalent Compounds
Rule 3: the “o” or “a” at the end of the prefix
is dropped if the element begins in a
vowel.
Naming Covalent Compounds
N2O
Dinitrogen Monooxide
Naming Covalent Compounds
N2O
Dinitrogen Monoxide
Writing Formulas from NamesIs it ionic or is it covalent?
EXAMPLES• Carbon
tetrachloride• Diarsenic
trioxide• Magnesium
hydroxide• Calcium
Chloride
YOUR TURN TO “FORMULIZE”
1. Sulfur trioxide2. Carbon monoxide3. Lithium Oxide4. Rubidium
Phosphate5. Tetraphosphorus
hexasulfide6. Xenon difluoride
Periodic Table Whiteboards!
Put a box around all Alkali Metals Put a box around all Halogens Put a box around all Transition Metals Put a box around all Noble Gases Circle the MOST ELECTRONEGATIVE
element Circle the LEAST ELECTRONEGATIVE
element
Periodic Table Whiteboards!
Circle the element with an ATOMIC NUMBER of 7
Circle the element with 14 PROTONS Circle the element with an ATOMIC
MASS of 52 Circle the element with 45 ELECTRONS Circle the element with 20 PROTONS
and 20 NEUTRONS
Exit Question
1. Pick the most electronegative element of these two: Sodium or Magnesium.
2. Pick the element with the higher 1st ionization energy: Fluorine or Oxygen.
3. Now write the formula and name the compound formed between lithium and oxygen.
4. Name SO2.
Atoms (subatomic particles) Ionic Bonding… naming Covalent Bonding… naming Ionization Energy Electronegativity