geo grid災害タスクフォース 〜東日本大震災における活動〜 gis学会2011

GEO Grid 災害タスクフォース

東日本大震災における活動

地理情報システム学会第２０回研究発表大会

2011年 10月 16日

2

GEO Grid サービスの例

• Satellite data archive and processing• ASTER, PALSAR, MODIS, etc.

• Geoscience data• Geological maps, Active fault data, etc.

• Satellite data application• Application of Satellite-Field data Integrator (SFI) for aerosol monitoring

Description http://fon.geogrid.org/aerosol/• SDCP (Science Degree Confluence Project) –Community validation tool for

global land-cover & digital elevation models http://eco.geogrid.org/sdcp/

• Hazard information• QuiQuake (Quick Estimation System for Earthquake Maps Triggered by

Observation Records) http://qq.ghz.geogrid.org/• Volcanic Gravity Flow Simulations on Volcanic Areas

http://volcano.geogrid.org/applications/EnergyCone/

地震動マップ

3

Date: March 11, 2011Magnitude: 9.0

Max. JMA intensity: 7(MM: 11~12)

AIST@TsukubaJMA intensity: 6-

(MM: 9~10)

http://qq.ghz.geogrid.org/

Post-3.11

• 全てのサービスが停止– １時間位 UPSで動いていた– 電気，水道停止，建物も一部破損– 当面出勤停止

• Skypeで情報共有，システム稼動に向けた議論

– 様々な組織から支援の申し出

GEO Grid 災害対応タスクフォースhttp://disaster.geogrid.org/

4

GEO Grid 災害対応タスクフォース• Objective

– 衛星データの提供と衛星データを用いた被害量推定など– 地震動マップ，液状化危険度分布– 地質図など– 放射線量マップ

• Features– 冗長化：データ処理系をクラウド等の外部リソースへ移管– 高速性：高速データ処理– 標準化：オープンスタンダードなWMS， KMLなどによるデータ提供

5

Data Flow and Services Prior to Earthq.

6

NASA

AIST

ERSDAC

JAXA

Terra/ASTER

- Archive (tape, B-ray) - Archive (on-Disk)- Processing- WMS

- Data providing- Portal

ALOS/PALSAR

70 GB/day (ASTER)

360 GB/day (PALSAR)

• ASTER data: NASA→ERSDAC→AIST• PALSAR data: JAXA→ERSDAC→AIST (processing, WMS, portal site, and data providing by AIST)

TDRS

3.19〜 4.20

7

NASA

(AIST)

ERSDAC

JAXA

Terra/ASTER

- Processing- WMS

ALOS/PALSAR

• ASTER data: NASA→ERSDAC→(AIST)→• PALSAR data: JAXA→ERSDAC→(AIST)→ (processing and WMS by Orkney, portal site by Google)

Orkney

Google

TDRS

- Portal

4.20〜現在

8

NASA

(AIST)

ERSDAC

JAXA

TDRS

Terra/ASTER

- Processing- WMS

ALOS/PALSAR

• ASTER data: NASA→ERSDAC→(AIST)→• PALSAR data: JAXA→ERSDAC→(AIST)→ (processing by NCHC, SDSC, and OCCO, WMS by NCHC, portal site by Google)

Google

- Portal

UCSD

- Processing

- Processing

OCC

NCHC

ASTER Comparison Before and After Tsunami

9

(a) 2008/12/25

(b) 2011/3/14

(c) 2011/3/19

(d) 2011/3/28

陸前高田The tsunami reached a very deep part of the bay and changed the shape of the coastline.

10

(a) 2008/12/25

(b) 2011/3/14

(c) 2011/3/19

(d) 2011/3/28

南相馬— Considerable erosion and remaining water, even two days after the earthquake

ASTER Comparison Before and After Tsunami

ASTER Night-time Thermal Image Covering Fukushima

11

This ASTER night time thermal image covering Fukushima shows the Daiichi nuclear plant as observed by ASTER. The amount of heat radiation as measured by Band 13 (10.67 um) has been converted into brightness temperatures using the Planck rule.In measurements from the Self Defense Forces helicopter, a hot spot of about 100 is partially observed. Such high ℃temperature areas cannot be identified by this image. One of the reasons could be due to the spatial resolution of the ASTER thermal band (ground resolution 90m) and due to the pixels including the hot spot averaged with the surrounding area. Another reason might be the influence of the small portion of clouds.

Daiichi nuclear power plant

© METI/NASA processed by ERSDAC, analyzed by GEO Grid AIST.

Change (damage area) Extraction by PALSAR Images

12

Distribution of the discriminant score is calculated from the difference in the backscattering and correlation coefficient of pre- and post-tsunami PALSAR fine beam mode images (2009/11/12 and 2011/3/16), in areas where the elevation (ASTER GDEM) is lower than 50 m above sea level. Pixels whose discriminant score is positive (warmer colors) might be assigned as areas by temporal (seasonal) surface changes and/or damage due to the tsunami of the 2011 Tohoku-Taiheiyo-oki, Japan earthquake.

13

Crustal Deformation Extraction by PALSAR

Interferogram images are generated by PALSAR data. These images are acquired in ascending orbit. Where the line of sight is far, this means the ground moves eastward (or is prone to subsidence) and hence far from the satellite. When it is near, however, this means the ground moves westward (or rises) because it moves closer to the satellite. All the PALSAR observation modes are FBS and their offnadir angles are 34.3 degrees. The satellite flight direction is 350.0 degrees and the radar illumination direction is 80.0 degrees.

QuiQuake

14

Main shock No. of earthq.(March, 2011)

@QuiQuakeWeb site http://qq.ghz.geogrid.org/

WMS http://ows.geogrid.org/qqm

Simple WMS Viewer

15

① 1:200,000-scale geological map, ② Segment map of active faults, ③ ASTER images acquired on March 14

①

③

②

Utilization of GEO Grid Contents by Other Portal

16

ALL311 activity operated by NIED (http://all311.ecom-plat.jp/) utilizes GEO Grid and other contents through WMS.

GEO Grid Contents on Google Earth

17

① Strong ground motion map of main shock (QuiQuake), ② Change detection map by PALSAR images, ③ Crustal deformation by PALSAR InSAR for aftershock (March 19)

①②

③

Acknowledgements

18

（順不同）