ludlow airplane (1908)
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8/12/2019 Ludlow Airplane (1908)
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Two years ago I ws about toplace a motor on an aeroplanewhen in an experiment of towingtheaeroplane as a kite by an automobile the aeroplane collapsedand I fell from the height of 100feet This accident caused a su spension of my experiments
withheavierthanair flying machinesuntil the present time Peelingconfident that the model I de-sign d two years ago ears fly determined me to begin constructionwork again Such resolution isgeneral avid requires no enthusiatm for aeronautics to comprebend
gDefrayed All Expenses Himself
The expenses were overcomeby my own efforts for appeals tothe Carnegie Institute the
Institution and H numberof wealthy men I knew have beenunsuccessful except in the case oftwo personal friends Will CBarnes and Charles E Miller whoeach voluntarily suacribed 10 toward the project The initialmoney to start was gained by thesale of a magazine and a news-paper story on aeronautics Thiswas expended in the purchase ofbamboo cloth and wire The la-borquestion was sonic trouble fora while as the sum on hand wasnot sufficient to pay for the hireofmechanics
Looking however from thestandpoint ofmy own enthusiasmI came to the conclusion that therewere some workmen who wouldoffer their help freely and I seeured their services through an ad-vertisement in the Washington papers There was a plumber sev-eral carpenters two machinistsfrem the Navy Xrdan electrician a telephone wireman a telegraph operator andsome college students All ofthese worked well and devotedsuch timeas they could sparefromtheir ordinary occupations
the expectation ofany rewardother than the hop of the prac-tical development of the subjectsOf course here stood in all ofovrminds the intangible hope of thereward which would be ours to di-vide in the cause of a successfulflight of the aeroplane These as-sistants were P L L LKendall A L afeMilJaji J AICilHnger M WhittingtonMaehinante N W Springer WillHolmes Franly Kelly a n d H SLa Due
A workshop was secured in therear of l18 L street northwest
Vahing n
Rice 1
Joseph
tt
Smith-sonian
with-out
The plan of the flying raawas drawn and laid before the
in length 22 feeY aXrw44 feet high The first step wastherefore to inal poles 2SJ Q
length which was done by join-ing two 18foot bamboo polO athe butt end and in oj
tIle extra length or by overlappingthe small ends until the length ofthe joined sticks was 22 feetAn equal number of each varief
were made The bamboo stickswere bound together by makinga hole in them oneeighth of airinch in diameter through which aheavy piece of annealed wire wasrun aa the ends twisted tightlytogether
The 1 nno is
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The United Sthtes War Depart-ment had caVed for bidson aeroplane and one of theirrequirements i that tl aeroplanebe capable ofbeing
transported inarmy wagons To comply withthis epcoificatlon it Woo decided
reu ntly
e
to-
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build theaeroplane in five sectionseach 4 feet high feetlong 2ZVIs feet long
five of these sections to
gether forms the completed ia-ehine There are three setssuporpoeed surface with dihedral
aDd
ofi
r
4WAt-
taching
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oblique rudders or plaices be-tween the upper nnd Tower
which rudders form thesystem of control of its equilib
rium These scsis of surfaces orearranged tandem fashion with aspace betwejp There is a verticalrudder in the rear to turn to theright or The open space be
tween t e sets of surfacesgives ai matte equilibrium to thewhile the dihedral
Jilt
era
Ji
sur-
faces
Framework of Ludlow Aeroplane
angle rudders and planes insurelateral equilibrium
Tie question of equilibrium isofthe utmost importance and onewhich I assert is solved by thisform of construction Twenty orthirty times an aeroplane like thiswan sent up as a kite carrying aman and in every instance was itsstability satisfactory
The accident I had In Floridawas caused by the breaking ofmaterial afault which is
in this machine The work is Jin
ished installing and testing the
motor is now being done and then
the machine wiJl fly Its speedwill be between thirty and fortymiles anhour
Jfaylgatlon of the Air
From Mongolfler to Santosmont is embraced the wholetory of navigation of the air
Designers of airships haveranged themselves into
Continued on flacond
rem a
Pane
u
Due
fir
threw
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