rauðarárstíg 25 150 reykjavík sími 545 9900 bréfsími: 562 4878 towards the hydrogen economy...
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Rauðarárstíg 25 • 150 Reykjavík • Sími 545 9900 • Bréfsími: 562 4878
Towards the Hydrogen EconomyTowards the Hydrogen Economy
Iceland's VisionIceland's Vision
Rauðarárstíg 25 • 150 Reykjavík • Sími 545 9900 • Bréfsími: 562 4878
ICELANDICELAND
Sustainable use of natural resources
Iceland'seconomic
policy
Rauðarárstíg 25 • 150 Reykjavík • Sími 545 9900 • Bréfsími: 562 4878
Renewable Energy in Iceland
Over 70% of energy used in Iceland comes from renewable resources
Electricity and space heating is provided by renewables
Fossil fuels are imported for vehicles, shipping and industrial processes
Rauðarárstíg 25 • 150 Reykjavík • Sími 545 9900 • Bréfsími: 562 4878
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
PJ
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
HydroHydro
GeothermalGeothermal
OilOil
CoalCoal
PeatPeat
HydroHydro
GeothermalGeothermal
OilOil
CoalCoal
Proportional consumptionProportional consumption
Primary Energy Consumption in Iceland 1940 - 2000+
Rauðarárstíg 25 • 150 Reykjavík • Sími 545 9900 • Bréfsími: 562 4878
Potential for Electricity Production (TWh/a) from Renewable Resources
7%
1,4
20+
Geo-thermal
24%
7,1
30
Hydro Together
17%Percentage of potential
8,5Annual production in 2003
50Economical and environmentally viable potential
Hydro
Geothermal
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Potential Production
Rauðarárstíg 25 • 150 Reykjavík • Sími 545 9900 • Bréfsími: 562 4878
Increasing power with new technologies
Rauðarárstíg 25 • 150 Reykjavík • Sími 545 9900 • Bréfsími: 562 4878
Iceland´s benefits from hydrogen Increased use of local renewables
Renewable energy for vehicles
Renewable energy for ships
Energy security
Cleaner Environment
Sustainable Energy Economy
Rauðarárstíg 25 • 150 Reykjavík • Sími 545 9900 • Bréfsími: 562 4878
Hydrogen The lightest element 90% of the material world Water is composed of
Hydrogen and Oxygen Hydrogen Fusion keeps the
stars glowing
Rauðarárstíg 25 • 150 Reykjavík • Sími 545 9900 • Bréfsími: 562 4878
Hydrogen derives from diverse sources
.
Distributed Generation
TransportationBiomass
Hydro
Wind
Solar
Geothermal
Coal
Nuclear
Natural Gas
Oil
Wit
h C
arb
on
S
equ
estr
atio
n
HIGH EFFICIENCY & RELIABILITY
ZERO/NEAR ZEROEMISSIONS
Rauðarárstíg 25 • 150 Reykjavík • Sími 545 9900 • Bréfsími: 562 4878
Storing energy for use on demand
Hydrogen can be used for
storing geothermal energy during
off-peak hours
stabilazing wind and solar energy systems
providing stable current for electrical grids based on renewable energy
Rauðarárstíg 25 • 150 Reykjavík • Sími 545 9900 • Bréfsími: 562 4878
Advantages of Hydrogen Abundant
The most common element in the Universe Clean
Causes no pollution when used in Fuel Cells and extremely small emissions in IC Engines
Secure Hydrogen production is not restricted to certain
regions or limited deposits, ensuring constant supply Efficient
Fuel Cells are almost twice as energy efficient as conventional IC engines
Versatile Can be generated with any primary energy source
Rauðarárstíg 25 • 150 Reykjavík • Sími 545 9900 • Bréfsími: 562 4878
The Hydrogen Economy
The Hydrogen Economy
Rauðarárstíg 25 • 150 Reykjavík • Sími 545 9900 • Bréfsími: 562 4878
Towards a Hydrogen Economy The introduction of hydrogen as an energy carrier will
decrease Iceland's reliance on fossil fuels
Hydrogen from renewables lays the ground for a sustainable energy economy
Iceland is committed to the goals of the Hydrogen Economy
The Government has offered Iceland as a platform for hydrogen research and development
Rauðarárstíg 25 • 150 Reykjavík • Sími 545 9900 • Bréfsími: 562 4878
Icelandic New Energy Ltd (INE)
Shell Hydrogen 16,33%Shell Hydrogen 16,33%
Hydro 16,33Hydro 16,33
DaimlerChrysler 16,33%DaimlerChrysler 16,33%
Majority shareholder: 51%Majority shareholder: 51%
Icelandic Holding CompanyIcelandic Holding Company
VistOrka hf (EcoEnergyVistOrka hf (EcoEnergy))
VistOrka shareholders:
Icel. New Business Venture FundIcel. New Business Venture FundReykjavik EnergyReykjavik Energy
The National Power CompanyThe National Power CompanySudurnes Regional Heating CorpSudurnes Regional Heating Corp
University of IcelandUniversity of IcelandThe Technological Institute of The Technological Institute of
IcelandIcelandFertilizer PlantFertilizer Plant
Aflvaki hfAflvaki hfGovernment of IcelandGovernment of Iceland
Rauðarárstíg 25 • 150 Reykjavík • Sími 545 9900 • Bréfsími: 562 4878
Key Projects
Time2000
1. Fuel cell bus demonstration: ECTOS 7MEuro1. Fuel cell bus demonstration: ECTOS 7MEuro
2. Fuel cell passenger vehicles2. Fuel cell passenger vehiclesDemonstrationprogram
Gradual introduction intopassenger car fleet
Demonstrationprogram Gradual introduction into bus fleet
2002
3. Fuel cell fishing vessel demonstration 3. Fuel cell fishing vessel demonstration
Demonstrationprogram Gradual introduction into
fishing fleet
Rauðarárstíg 25 • 150 Reykjavík • Sími 545 9900 • Bréfsími: 562 4878
Fueling infrastructure for the futureFueling infrastructure for the future
First commercial station April 2003 First commercial station April 2003
Rauðarárstíg 25 • 150 Reykjavík • Sími 545 9900 • Bréfsími: 562 4878
SOFC fuel cells
PEMFC fuel cells
Storage in gas cylinders
Hydrogen pipelines gridPortable devices
Busses and taxis Private cars
Storage in chemical compunds
Electrolysis
High temperature electrolysis
Hydrogen from H2S
Hydrogen from boreholes
2000 2010 2020 2030
low
medium
high
Distribution with trucks
Production
Storage
Distribution
ConversionEnd use
The Hydrogen Roadmap The Hydrogen Roadmap for Icelandfor Iceland
Rauðarárstíg 25 • 150 Reykjavík • Sími 545 9900 • Bréfsími: 562 4878
International cooparation
New technologies and standards have to be developed for hydrogen as an energy carrier
Single countries cannot develop hydrogen economy in isolation
Hydrogen Economy cannot be achieved without international cooperation
Rauðarárstíg 25 • 150 Reykjavík • Sími 545 9900 • Bréfsími: 562 4878
Accelerating development
IEA working on hydrogen development through the Hydrogen Implementing Agreement (HIA) since 1977
The EU Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Technology Platform established in 2003
The International Partnership for Hydrogen Economy (IPHE) established in 2003
Rauðarárstíg 25 • 150 Reykjavík • Sími 545 9900 • Bréfsími: 562 4878
International Projects
Standards have been set for international collaborative hydrogen projects
Numerous projects have been recognized on hydrogen production, storage, fuel cell testing, standards, safety etc.
The projects have accelerated international private and public cooperation on hydrogen development
Rauðarárstíg 25 • 150 Reykjavík • Sími 545 9900 • Bréfsími: 562 4878
Stockholm
Hamburg
Stuttgart
Barcelona
Reykjavik
London
Luxemburg
Madrid
Porto
Amsterdam
CUTE and ECTOS Hydrogen Cities
Rauðarárstíg 25 • 150 Reykjavík • Sími 545 9900 • Bréfsími: 562 4878
Japan
Brazil
USA
United Kingdom
EuropeanCommission
France
Germany
Italy
India
Iceland
Canada
RussianFederation
Australia
South Korea
China
•$35 Trillion in GDP•85% of world GDP•3.5 billion people•75% of electricity used •2/3s of CO2 emissions and
energy consumption
Norway
IPHE Partners
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