school of ict, university of phayao mr.sukchatri prasomsuk, ph.d
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Welcome to
273361
การจั�ดการเครอข่�ายสำ�าหร�บระบบสำารสำนเทศ
(Network Management for Information Systems)
235032 Computer Network
Chapter 1Introduction to Networking
Welcome to
273361
การจั�ดการเครอข่�ายสำ�าหร�บระบบสำารสำนเทศ
(Network Management for Information Systems)
235032 Computer Network
Chapter 1Introduction to Networking
School of ICT, University of Phayao
Mr.Sukchatri PRASOMSUK, Ph.D.
ดร.สำ�ข่ชาตร� ประสำมสำ�ข่ (Sukchatri PRASOMSUK, Ph.D.)• PhD. (Computational Linguistics), INALCO, Paris, FR• M.Eng.(IT), & Grad.Dip. In Applied IS, RMIT, Melbourne, AU• B.Sc.(คณิ�ตศาสตร์), ม.ร์ามค�าแหง• เคยทำ�างานทำ�� :
» DATA SOLVE Co.,Ltd. & Central Trading Co.,Ltd» กร์มวิ�ทำยาศาสตร์บร์�การ์ กร์ะทำร์วิงวิ�ทำยฯ» ม.หอการ์ค�า และ ม.แม�ฟ้ าหลวิง
Contact : » skchatri@hotmail.com » 0804509105
• Notes/Slides Download:» http://www.ict.up.ac.th/skchatri/
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About me & Introduce yourself
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Course OverviewStudy time :
• Class: Mon. ICT 1419 : 15.00-17.00 • LAB : Mon. ICT 1402 : 17.00-19.00
Grading :
• Atten.& Assignments (Lec.& LAB) 10 %• Lab Test 1 30 % • Mid-Term Exam 30%• Final-Term Exam 30%
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Course OverviewText:
• Data Communications and networking, 2nd Edition, Forouzan, McGrawHill, 2002
• Cisco CCNA • Network A+
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Scope of Course• Data Communications• LAN (local area networks)• Communications architecture and protocols and
wide-area networks (WAN).• Concepts, terminology, principles and design
approaches used in data communication systems.
• Layered protocol architecture.
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Scope of Course
What are data communication systems?
• A set of devices (hosts) connected by a communication medium that are able to share data through transmission over the media
• System Characteristics include (but are not limited to)– Physical properties of the
communication signals
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Data Communication Systems
– Physical topology of the communication medium and logical topology of the data transmission
– Format and timing of the signals– Error and Flow control, connection
management, recovery, security – be able to quickly find protocol descriptions
and problem solutions/discussions – be able to discuss data communication
systems with supervisors and coworkers on the job
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Introduction– Why do we use data communication
systems?• To facilitate the sharing of resources
– Printers– Disk/Tape drives– Computational Power– Data Sets
• To permit the distribution of workload– Concurrent/parallel computing– Client-server computing– Fault tolerance
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Networks and standardization
• Network goals– information sharing– resource sharing– global environment– Interconnectivity– cost of network equipment, training– Microsoft, Novell, Unix
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Network Evolution• Network evolution
– Local Area network (LAN), Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), Wide Area Network (WAN)
• Local Area network (LAN)– single building– internal data rates are higher– data rates of 10Mbps - 1 Gbps (1Mbps=
106bps)
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Network Evolution• Copper Distributed Data Interface (CDDI)• Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI)• Low speed LANs--Ethernet, token ring,
token bus and some Non-OSI LANs• High speed LANs--Switched Ethernet,
FDDI, 100 Mbps voice grade, Gigabit Ethernet
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Network Evolution• Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
– metropolitan area, optical; fiber, financial transaction
• Wide Area Network (WAN)• Wide area networks
– long distance > 800 miles, Govt. agencies own it
– Data rates of 1Mbps-100Gbps• Circuit switching• Packet switching
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Network Evolution• Integrated Services Digital Networks(ISDN)--
>Public telecommunication networks, digital switches and paths, broad range of traffic
• Narrowband ISDN --> 64-kbps channel, circuit switching operations
• Broadband ISDNs--> 100s of Mbps, packet-switching operation
• Frame relay-->high data rates (2 Mbps) and low error rate
• Asynchronous Transfer Mode(ATM)-->Cell relay, fixed length, 10s and 100s of Mbps
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Network Evolution• Public analog telephone networks
– Private line network• offers a fixed bandwidth• slow speed modem• digital line--56 Kbps-1.544 Mbps
– Circuit-switched network• slower data rate
– Packet-switched network• X.25--widely used standard protocol• slower and limited to 56 Kbps
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Network Evolution• Public switched data networks
– low-speed asynchronous terminal interfaces, X.25 synchronous terminal interface
• Value-added networks– communication processors-- nodes,
minicomputer--engine
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Components of computer networks
• Hardware--telephone lines, – coaxial cables (1860, 10,800, 13200 voice
channels, – MOdulation/DEModulation, Coder/decoder, – acoustic coupler, – line interface, terminals, input/output devices, – internetworking devices
• Software--user application, – network operating system, – network control module, – line control module, I/O driver, other library
functions
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Components of computer networks
• Network structure– Interface message processor (IMP)– Point-to-point communication– Multicast communication– Broadcast communication
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Components of computer networks
– How do data communication systems work?• Systems communicate over a shared
communication medium according to an agreed upon convention (standard).
• Several sets of standards currently exist: – TCP/IP– OSI model– Commercial: SNA, IPX, X.25, ...– Proprietary
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LAN evolution• Ethernet-based LANs: 10 Base-2, 10 Base-5,
10 Base1-T, 10 Base-FL, 100 Base-T, 100 Base-FX
• Gigabit Ethernet-- high speed packet switching
• 100/1000 switches• ATM-- LAN-to WAN migration• LANs--higher data rates for integrated traffic• Virtual LAN-- LAN switching, uses a look up
table for routing the frames
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Basic Networking Knowledge
• Bus Topology
• Star Topology
• Ring Topology
• Mesh Topology (for WAN)
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Basic Networking Knowledge
• Bus Topology : IEEE 802.3 , use a process called Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) prevents the occurrence of another
collision.
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Basic Networking Knowledge
• Star topology : can have a maximum of 1,024 nodes on a LAN and is commonly used for 10BASE-T (IEEE 802.3) and 100BASE-TX (IEEE 802.12) Ethernet
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Basic Networking Knowledge
• Ring topology : IEEE 802.5, There is no beginning or end of the cable. This particular topology forms a complete ring. The devices on this network use a transceiver to communicate with their neighbors. Transceivers also act like repeaters to regenerate each signal as it is passed through the device.
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Basic Networking Knowledge
• Mesh topology : used for WANs, a mesh topology connects every device on the network together and provides a path to and from each device
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Segments and backbones
• Segments : - a trunk (main line) of cabling (concentration device (hubs or switches) - a logical grouping of devices (subnet) by bridges, switches, or routers.
- collision and/or broadcast domain
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Segments and backbones
• Backbones : -main cable (or trunk) -are the foundations of both
LANs and WANs where servers, routers, and concentrating devices (such as switches and hubs) are connected by a high bandwidth
connection.
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Network Operating Systems (NOS) • Microsoft Windows NT, 2000 : New
Technology File System (NTFS) or File Allocation Table (FAT).
• Novell Netware :uses the NetWare Directory Services (NDS). NetWare's primary file system is a combination of FAT (File Allocation Table) and DET (Directory Entry Table). Layer 3 protocols, which are used in this OS are the Internetwork Package Exchange (IPX) protocol and the Internet Protocol (IP).
• Unix : key features include multitasking, multi-users, and networking capabilities. Multiple versions of UNIX exist, including Sun Microsystems' Solaris, IBM's AIX, Silicon Graphics' IRIX, Linux, or Hewlett-Packard's HP-UX
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Protocol
• IP (Internet protocol)
• IPX (Internetwork Packet Exchange)
• NetBEUI (NetBIOS Extended User Interface)
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RAID Overview (Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks)
• Mirroring : RAID 1 : 2 Disk 1 controller
• Duplexing : RAID 1 : 2 Disk 2 controller
• Stripping : RAID 2,5 : 3 Disks 1 controller with (no)parity.
• Volumes : logical structure on the same physical disk
• Tape Backup : to store data, Quarter Inch Tape (QIC), Digital Audio Tape (DAT), and Digital Linear Tapes (DLT).
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The OSI model
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Cabling
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Cabling
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Cabling
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Cabling
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Ethernet
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LAN Symbol
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WAN & Devices
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IP Addressing Format
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IP Address Component Fields
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IP Address Classes
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IP Address Bit Patterns
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IP Address Classes
0--------126
128------------------------191
192----------------------------------------254
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Questions :
• IP Address• 10.5.15.100• 198.168.10,15• 191.45.30.10• 127.0.0.0
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