space-based estimates of anthropogenic so 2 emissions

Space-based Estimates of Anthropogenic SO2 Emissions

Randall Martin, Dalhousie and Harvard-Smithsonian

Chulkyu Lee, Dalhousie U National Institute of Meteorological Research, Korea

with contributions from

Aaron van Donkelaar, Dalhousie University

Russell Dickerson, UMBC

Jennifer Hains, Dept of Environment, Maryland

Nick Krotkov NASA Goddard

Andreas Richter, U Bremen

5th International GEOS–Chem Meeting

3 May 2011

SOSO22 Emissions Have Major Implications for Climate, Air Emissions Have Major Implications for Climate, Air

Quality, and Acid DepositionQuality, and Acid Deposition

Information about Anthropogenic SOInformation about Anthropogenic SO2 2 Sources?Sources?

First Need to Improve SOFirst Need to Improve SO2 2 Retrieval AlgorithmRetrieval Algorithm

Lee et al., JGR, 2009

Local Air Mass Factor Improves Agreement with Aircraft Local Air Mass Factor Improves Agreement with Aircraft Observations (INTEX-A and B)Observations (INTEX-A and B)

Lee et al., JGR, 2009

Orig: slope = 1.6, r2 = 0.50 New: slope = 0.95, r2 = 0.85

Orig: slope = 1.3, r2 = 0.62 New: slope = 1.1, r2 = 0.79

SCIAMACHYOMI

Uses LIDORT from Spurr et al.

Anthropogenic Sources Dominate Annual Mean SO2 ColumnVolcanic SO2 Emissions 10% of Anthropogenic Source

Total SO2 Column

Anthropogenic SO2 Column

Fraction from Anthropogenic

GEOS-Chem Simulations for 2006

Lee et al., JGR, 2011

Use OMI and SCIAMACHY SOUse OMI and SCIAMACHY SO22 Columns to Map SO Columns to Map SO22 Emissions Emissions

Combustion, Smelters, Volcanoes

Emission

SO2SO4

2-

~day

OH, cloud

Tropospheric SO2 column ~ ESO2 Over Land

Phytoplankton

DMSday

Deposition

22

2

SO Column (OMI)SO Emissions

Effective SO Lifetime (GEOS-Chem)

Evaluate GEOS-Chem SOEvaluate GEOS-Chem SO2 2 Lifetime vs Calculations Lifetime vs Calculations

from In Situ Measurementsfrom In Situ Measurements

U Maryland Research Flights for Eastern U.S.

2( ) 19 7JJA SO hours

Hains, Dickerson, et al., 2007

June - August

Mon JJAMon JJA

JJA Mon

C H

C H

C is SO2 from EPA Network H is GEOS-4 Mixed Layer Depth Lee et al., JGR, 2011

Global Anthropogenic Sulfur Emissions Over Land for 2006Global Anthropogenic Sulfur Emissions Over Land for 2006Volcanic SOVolcanic SO22 Columns (>1x10 Columns (>1x101717 molec cm molec cm-2-2) Excluded From Inversion) Excluded From Inversion

49.9 Tg S/yr

54.6 Tg S/yr

r2 = 0.59

SO2 Emissions (1011 molecules cm-2 s-1)Cloud Radiance Fraction < 0.2

Top-Down (OMI)

Bottom-Up in GEOS-Chem (EDGAR2000, NEI2005, EMEP2005, Streets2006) Scaled to 2006

Lee et al., JGR, 2011

Anthropogenic Emissions Differences (2006)Anthropogenic Emissions Differences (2006)

-2.2 Tg S/yr

-4.7 Tg S/yr

Cloud Radiance Fraction < 0.2, SZA < 50o Lee et al., JGR, 2011

Acknowledgements:Acknowledgements: Health Canada, NASA Health Canada, NASA

• Similar top-down inventories from different retrievals

• Close agreement with bottom-up over North America and Europe

Challenges

• Further development of SO2 retrievals

• Evaluate and improve simulation of sulfur chemistry

• Apply more sophisticated inversion capability

Emerging Capability for Top-down Constraints on Emerging Capability for Top-down Constraints on Anthropogenic SOAnthropogenic SO2 2 EmissionsEmissions