the study of matter and the changes it...
Post on 15-Mar-2018
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Properties of Matter
Matter is anything that
has mass and volume
(takes up space)
Most everything is
made of matter
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What is a physical property?
Physical properties
are those that can be
observed without
changing the identity
of the substance
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What is a physical change? Physical changes involve
the changing of physical
properties
Type of matter remains
the same
Intensive versus Extensive
Intensive properties are independent of amount (stays the same no matter how much you have)
Extensive properties change with amount
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Phase changes Can involve a change in
volume, but mass
remains constant
Adding or removing
energy from matter
results in phase changes
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Chemical properties
Describe how a
substance changes
into new substances
are chemical
properties
Ex: flammability
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Questions
What is another name for
a chemical change?
How is a chemical
change different from a
physical change?
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States of matter
1) Solid- matter that can not flow (definite shape) and has definite volume.
2) Liquid- definite volume but takes the shape of its container (flows).
3) Gas- a substance without definite volume or shape and can flow.
Vapor- a substance that is currently a gas, but normally is a liquid or solid at room temperature.
Classification of Matter
Pure substances: can not be separated by any physical means
Mixtures: combination of two or more substance
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Substances: element or compound
Elements- simplest kind of matter
all one kind of atom.
Compounds - substances that can be broken down only by chemical methods
when broken down, the pieces have completely different properties than the original compound.
made of two or more atoms, chemically combined (not just a physical blend!)
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Mixtures are a physical blend of at least two substances; have variable composition.
1) Heterogeneous – the mixture is not uniform in composition
2) Homogeneous - same composition throughout; called “solutions”
Periodic Table
Elements have a 1 or two letter symbol, and compounds have a formula.
An element’s first letter always capitalized; if there is a second letter, it is written lowercase: B, Ba, C, Ca, H, He
Columns = Groups (families)
Rows = Periods
Elements can be classified as metals, non-metals and metalloids
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Separating Mixtures
Differences in physical properties can be used to separate mixtures.
1. Filtration - separates a solid from the liquid in a heterogeneous mixture (by size)
2. Crystallization – separates solids that are dissolved in a liquid
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