wood modifications for valued-added applications using nanotechnology-based approaches.pdf

Collection Mmoires et thses lectroniquesAccueil propos Nous joindreWood modifications for valued-added applications using nanotechnology-based approachesWood modifications for valued-added applications usingnanotechnology-based approachesCai, XiaolinPhilosophi doctor (Ph.D.)Universit LavalDoctorat en sciences du boisDirecteurtrice! de recherche : iedl! "ernardCo directeurtrice! de recherche : #an! $uiCo directeurtrice! de recherche : %han&! '.(. )on*+,,-.//0 1iaolin 2ai! +,,-"able des matires su3AbstractAvant.ProposAc4no5led&e3entsList o6 Abreviations2hapter /#ood7ualit*83prove3ent 9ethodsand)echnolo&ies! andPol*3er:La*ered'ilicateNanoco3posites: ;eneral8ntroduction and Literature evie5/./ 8ntroduction/.+ Literature evie5 o6 #ood 7ualit* 83prove3ent 9ethods and )echnolo&ies/.+./ Pol*3er Location in the #ood/.+.? 2urin& 9ethods 6or #ood Pol*3er 2o3posites (#P2) Preparation/.+.@ #ood.$ardenin& Process/.+.- A66ect o6 #ood Per3eabilit* on Properties o6 #P2/.+.B 'u33ar* o6 #ood 7ualit* 83prove3ent 9ethods and )echnolo&ies/.= Literature evie5 on Pol*3er:La*ered 'ilicate Nanoco3posites/.=./ 2la* 'tructure and the 2hallen&e o6 Processin&/.=.+ 'tructure and Properties o6 Cr&anicall* 9odi6ied La*ered 'ilicate/.=.= )echniDues Used 6or the 2haracteriEation o6 Nanoco3posites/.=.> '*nthesis and Properties o6 Pol*3er.cla* Nanoco3posites/.=.? 'u33ar* o6 Pol*3er:La*ered 'ilicate Nanoco3posites/.> 9otivation 6or the 'tud*2hapter + AFperi3ental and 9ethodolo&*+./ 'urve* o6 AFperi3ental Desi&n+.+ #ood 'a3ple Preparation+.+./ #ood 2uttin& Desi&n+.+.+ Lu3ber Dr*in& and 'a3ple Preparation+.= '*nthesis o6 Lo5 Giscosit* 9ela3ine.Urea. D*na3ical 9echanical Properties 9easure3ents=.= A'UL)' AND D8'2U''8CN=.=./ A66ect o6 "all.3illin& on 'ur6ace Properties o6 La*ered 'ilicate Nano6illers=.=.+ A66ect o6 Nano6illers on the 2urin& "ehaviour o6 9U< esin 6ro3 )her3al Anal*sis=.=.= A66ect o6 Nano6illers on the Net5or4 Properties o6 9U< esin=.> 2onclusionsAc4no5led&3ents2hapter > .+.+ 83pre&nation Process>.+.= Ph*sical and 9echanical Properties 9easure3ents>.+.> )her3o&ravi3etric Anal*sis ();A)>.+.? 'tatistical Anal*sis>.= esults and discussion>.=./ Pol*3er etention>.=.+ 'ur6ace $ardness>.=.= 'tatic "endin& (9CA:9C) Anal*sis>.=.> #ear esistance>.> 2onclusionsAc4no5led&3ents2hapter ? A66ects o6 Nano6illers on #ater esistance andDi3ensional 'tabilit* o6 'olid#ood9odi6iedb* 9ela3ine.Urea. Anti.'5ellin&.A66icienc* 9easure3ents?.+.? 'cannin& Alectron 9icroscop* ('A9) 3easure3ent?.+.@ Alectron Probe 9icro.Anal*sis (AP9A)?.+.- 2olor 9easure3ent?.= esults and Discussion?.=./ 9icroscop* 8nvesti&ations?.=.+ 9oisture Absorption?.=.= #ater Absorption?.=.> Di3ensional 'tabilit*?.=.? 2olor Gariations?.> 2onclusionsAc4no5led&3ents2hapter @ 83pact o6 the nature o6 nano6illers on the Per6or3ances o6 #ood Pol*3er Nanoco3positessu3Abstract@./ 8ntroduction@.+ AFperi3ent@.+./ 9aterials@.+.+ #ater Absorption@.+.= 9icroscopic Anal*sis o6 the #P2s@.+.> )her3o&ravi3etric and D*na3ical 9echanical Properties 9easure3ents@.= esults and Discussion@.=./ "all.3illin& )reat3ent o6 Nano6illers@.=.+ Anhanced Properties o6 the #P2 2o3posites@.=.= 83prove3ent in #ater Absorption@.=.> 9icroscop* investi&ations@.=.? D*na3ic 9echanical Propert* 8nvesti&ations@.> 2onclusionsAc4no5led&e3ents2hapter - 9ont3orillonite Nanoparticles Distribution and 9orpholo&* in 9ela3ine.Urea. Photo&raphs o6 A. @loc:a#e of t!ese reactive sites wit! some reactive c!emicals orplu##in# t!e pores wit! a polymer could not only ma:e t!e wood more resistant to c!an#es in moisture content9 %ut improve itsdimensional sta%ility and p!ysical and %iode#radation properties as well.&eople !ave made #reat efforts to reinforce solid wood wit! polymers in t!e past decades. @ot! t!ermoplastic and t!ermosettin#systems !ave %een used . It s!ould %e possi%le to compensatet!e matri; fle;i%ili8ation of a t!ermoset via matri; reinforcement usin# or#anop!ilic layered silicates. &olymer/clay nanocompositeswere first reported in t!e literature as early as 1=.1 . &olymer5layered silicate nanocomposites were first used inindustrial materials %y researc!ers from "oyota %ased on t!e t!ermoplastic polyamide . .@arrier properties9 fire resistance and mec!anical properties are of #reat importance for t!e application of a wood product. It would %eattractive to prepare a W&+ product usin# nano tec!ni7ue and to improve t!e a%ove properties of W&+ products. Little wor:9 !owever9!as %een done to prepare a wood polymer composite t!rou#! nano tec!nolo#y. "!is led us to investi#ate t!e feasi%ility to prepare awood polymer nanocomposite usin# nano tec!ni7ue approac!.1.2 Literature Review of Wood Quality Improvement Methods and Technologies1.2.1 Feasibility of Wood Quality ImprovementBimensional c!an#e and %iolo#ical de#radation of wood !ave #reatly %een ascri%ed to t!e presence of numerous !ydro;yl #roups inwood components and various cavities in t!e wood