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Executive Summary

Executive Summary

INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT & INVESTMENT PLANforANEKAL TOWN

1.

OVERVIEW

Infrastructure Development and Investment Plan (ID&IP) for 146 ULBs in Karnataka for a 25year design period is a project aimed at conceptualizing a perspective plan, developmentstrategy & investment programme for infrastructure for the next 25 years period to match thedevelopmental needs of the 146 ULBs of Karnataka. This Report pertains to Anekal TMC andhighlights sectoral plans, investments and financing strategies for Water Supply, Sewerage andSanitation, Storm Water Drains, Roads, Traffic and Transportation and Streetlights over designperiod of 25 years (2009-2033). The report also covers existing infrastructure in notified slumsand implementation status of poverty alleviation programs for urban poor in Anekal town. Thereport is based on the data collected from Anekal TMC and other departments at district andState level and discussions with the stakeholders.

2. TOWN PROFILEAnekal Town Municipal Council (TMC1) is a taluk headquarters of Bangalore Urban district.Known for its power looms and Karaga festival, Anekal is located 45 Km from Bangalore city.Anekal, located at 12.7 N 77.7 E on the south of Bangalore Urban district, is bounded by

Tamil Nadu state in the south, Bangalore city in north, Bangalore rural district in north-west.The TMC jurisdiction extends up to 14.35 Sq Km, with a population of 33157(Census 2001)within 23 wards.

Anekal is well connected by road network to Bangalore city towards north, Hosur road on itseast and Mysore road on its west, Attibele and Sarjapur to its north east. The SH-35 fromSouth to Attibele and SH-85 from Bangalore to Hosur intersects at Anekal. The Chennai metre

gauge line is passing through the major towns Hosur, 16 kms from Anekal.

Anekal derives its name from mythology which means hailstone. The town was founded inabout 1603 by Chikka Thimme Gowda, The town was conquered by Bijapur in 1638 andsubsequently Shahji Bhosle of Marathas secured Anekal and its surroundings (includingBangalore region) as a jahagir. After 50 years of Maratha rule, Bangalore region wasconquered by the Mughuls in 1686. The region was leased to the Mysore ruler Chikkadevarayaby the Mughuls in 1689 and Chikkadevaraya expanded the fort to the south. This new fort ingranite was strengthened by Haider who secured Bangalore as jahagir in 1759. The Britishconquered Bangalore region in 1799 after defeating Tipu Sultan. Later Anekal and Bangaloreregion was annexed by Mysore.

Muthyalamaduvu (also known as Pearl Valley), a picnic spot with a small waterfall is five Kmfrom the Anekal. Anekal is also called as "Ragiya Kanaja" which means Ragi Depot ofKarnataka State.

1 Town Municipal Council =20000 to 50000 population

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Executive Summary

3. INFRASTRUCTURE ASSESSMENT3.1.Water Supply

The source of water to Anekal TMC is ground water. There is no surface water sourceavailable within or near the municipal area. Present water supply system in Anekal TMCwhich draws water from bore wells (design capacity of 3.6 MLD) was planned in 2003 byKUWSSB at the cost of Rs. 333.84 lakhs funded by HUDCO grants.

At present, water supply in the town is daily for 1 to 2 hours at 25 lpcd (litres per capita perday), Population depends on the water supply through private tankers to meet their dailyrequirement of water on other days. The inadequate services have put a tremendous strain onAnekal, present situation of potable water supply. The town has 73 bore wells, the water fromthese wells is treated with alum for reducing the turbidity and chlorine, before it gets pumpedinto overhead tanks (OHTs) for distribution. Potable water abstracted from 25 bore wells forsupply to Anekal TMC is only 1.2 MLD against the present daily demand of 7.2 MLD.

Anekal TMC has a storage capacity of 2.6 MLD, comprising of 4 OHTs and 4 Sumps whichsupplies water to all the 23 wards. The length of distribution mains system is 145 kms. Theexisting network covers 80 percent of TMC area. Out of 6187 properties (2006-07) 51 percenthave domestic water connections.Presently the potable supply is 1.2 MLD through 25 borewells which is inadequate to meet 7.27 MLD (gap of 6.07 MLD) supply. The projectedpopulation at the end of the design period (2033) is 84672. The demand of water in the year2033 will be 14.46 MLD.

In order to meet the supply demand of 14.46 MLD, the water supply scheme need to beaugmented with identified source of supply.The alternate water supply sources identified forAnekal were Yebba Halla Valley and Jakkana Halla valley. Jakkana Halla valley feeds theBommanahalli Lake, (8 kms from Anekal) in Arakavathi river basin area. Bommanahalli lake

is 177 hectares with live capacity of 19.67 Mc ft with water spread area of 16.18 ha and usedfor irrigation purposes. Since it is mainly dependent on rain and used for irrigation, morereliable water source2was identified in Yebba Halla Valley which originates upstream of the

Jakkanahalla valley. Yebba Halla is examined3in detail here. Water needs to be extracted from

this source from the nearest village namely Huruganadoddi (11kms distance from Anekal).

The new water supply designed to extract around 15 MLD (considering lpcd 135 in 2033).There is the reserve forest between Huruganadoddi to Anekal town, therefore the pipelineroute4 needs to be decided keeping into consideration the reserve forest area (forestdepartments norms discourage pipeline excavation /tree felling in reserve forests) thereforeestimated length is of about 15 Km, (4 Kms of pipeline length is added to the 11 Km routeavoiding reserve forest area) There is a level difference of more than 100 m from this Source to

Anekal town.

2Source: Surface Water data centre, Water Resources Development organization , Bangalore , Inflow andYield computation provided in following pages.3In consultation with Engineers of Minor Irrigation Department, GoK and Anekal TMC Junior Engineer4A detailed survey needs to be carried out to fix the route for the pipe line. Level difference need to beaccounted for during DPR stage

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Executive Summary

Rain water harvesting and Ground Water recharge5 for existing and new constructions hasbeen considered.

3.2.Sewerage SystemAnekal TMC does not have under ground drainage (UGD) system, most of the house holds

depend on septic tanks for sewerage disposal. Around 3050 households are provided withindividual sanitation facility i.e. septic tank and rest of the town residents are using the existingpublic toilets or resort to open air defecation. Most of the night soil is washed out through theexisting drains causing nuisance and health hazard in the entire TMC area.

The development is very dense and household area small; there is no space for providing LCSunit in individual houses in town center. In such cases, people do not prefer to have LCS units.A 100 percent UGD coverage is considered for Anekal TMC. The entire TMC area has beenconsidered to be provided with underground sewerage network with pipes of varying diameteras per requirement. In order to treat the total volume of sewage generated by the year 2033construction of 12 MLD capacity of Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) is required. STP has beendesigned to be economical as well as eco-friendly.

3.3.Storm Water DrainageAnekal TMC has road side storm water drains of 31.57 Km constituting 50 percent of roads(including PWD/ Other agency roads). These drains are pucca open type drains. The sewageand sullage water generated by households, shops, etc, get mixed up with the rainwater. Duringdry season, the drains carry the sullage water and other wastewater from variousestablishments. Due to lack of or appropriately located storm water drains creates healthhazards due to water stagnation, creating breeding sites for many diseases.

The storm water drainage has been designed considering 828 mm maximum rainfall in thearea. The existing drains of 39 Km need to be renovated and new road side drains (of 18.33Km) to be constructed.

3.4.Traffic & TransportAnekal town has total well developed road network of 69.65 Km of which 7.5 Km ismaintained by the PWD. About 74 percent of the roads are un-surfaced or earthen. Out of totallength of the Municipal roads, 4.20 Km are Cement Concrete road, 11.50 Km are Tar road.17.6 Km are WBM road and 28.85 Km are earthen road. Apart from Municipal roads all otherState Highways are black top roads. The four major roads radiating from Anekal are:Bangalore-Bannerghatta road, Attibele-Chandapur road, Thalli road and Hosur road. The roadnetwork in Anekal comprises of other important town roads. Table no. 36 indicates the nameof the road and its average width of carriageway.

All the roads had undivided carriageways. Effective carriageways width reduced due to illegalparking and other informal activities. ROW violations were found to be common across thetown. The town roads lack signals, signage and footpaths.

55Rain water harvesting a technique widely prevalent in ancient India is being rediscovered and revived inIndia andcan be used for ground water recharge. A dried bore well, a row of soak pits or a tank--concealedbelow the ground- are all that is needed The open spaces rooftops, paved or unpaved area, water bodies etc- can be used as catchments.

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Executive Summary

Two wheelers, cars/jeeps and Autos constitute 72 percent of the traffic. Cycles constitute only12 percent of total traffic. Public transports i.e. bus/trucks constitutes 13 percent of totalvehicular traffic. The bus system is the main public transport mode. Other major publictransport mode is auto-rickshaws. Authorized parking facility is not available in the TMC area.Parking facility is also not available in the government buildings, commercial and institutional

areas and on-street parking is often noticed.

The improvements proposed in Anekal town for the transportation sector varies from roaddevelopment to traffic improvement of intersections, strengthening and widening, resurfacingof the roads and junction improvements of 38.57 Km in Phase I & 38 Km in Phase II isproposed in town.

3.5.Street L ightingAnekal has 1623 streetlights. Tube lights constitute 80 percent of existing lights. Theremaining 20 percent are sodium vapour lamps. Anekal TMC also has installed about 112 HighMast lights at important junctions and other places throughout the town, making the townadequately lit. A present gap of 3019 street lights is identified in the town. Streetlightscoverage area is only 35 % of the town. There is inadequate street lighting in peripheral/newlydeveloping areas and slums.

3.6.Solid Waste ManagementAs per the survey conducted by Anekal TMC in 2007-08, 16tonnes of solid waste (includingconstruction waste and street sweeping) is generated in the town. The per capita wastegenerated is 350 gm/day. About 25 percent of the waste is inorganic and recyclable waste.

TMC estimates that 57 percent waste is generated by households (about 7000 kg/day).Commercial establishments contribute approximately about 4000 kg/day. Street sweepingaccumulates 2.5 tons of the total waste.

As per the current practice, solid waste is not segregated. Door to door collection is also notpracticed. Majority of population dump their waste on to open vacant sites. The managementof solid waste activities (include sweeping the wards, drain cleaning, uprooting of plants andcollecting of garbage from different wards) is outsourced on annual basis. 40 sanitary sweepersemployed by the contractor covers 23 wards. The waste generated from Anekal town collectedfrom various sources is disposed in low laying areas near Doddakere at almost 200-300 mtsand road side on the outskirts of TMC limits. Other places where dumping is rampant are theHompalaghatta and on Hosur road.

Anekal TMC collects about 50 percent of total waste generated (8 tons of 16 tons) at presentthere is no door to door collection system, and waste is collected through open community binswhich are inadequate. Local population dumps the waste haphazardly in drains or open spaces.

As a result, drains are clogged and silted. Frequency of collection is also irregular ranging from2-10 days. Door to door collection (100%) to be introduced by Anekal TMC with support fromNGOs. Community bins should be placed in such a way that it covers the maximum area.Segregation of waste at household level or at the secondary storage points. Street sweeping andcollection of waste to be done on a daily basis.

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Executive Summary

4. SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTUREThe town has adequate education and health facilities, and Bannergatta National Park islocated on Bangalore-Bannergatta Road, 7 Km from Anekal town. Pearly Valley located 8 Kmfrom Anekal town attracts tourists from various destinations. There are no major markets in thetown. Most of the commercial activities are concentrated along the roads. There is no Fire

Station in Anekal at present Fire services are availed from Chandapur and Bommanahalli, 20kms from Anekal.

5. POVERTY ALLEVIATIONThere are 9 slums within Anekal TMC limits out of which are declared with a population of9306. Presence of slums are predominately noted in 20, 21, 22 and 23 wards in the southernpart of city around chikkere lake bed area and alongside Hosur road towards Tamil Nadu andAttibele-Hosur road towards Bangalore. Majority of Poor citizens of Anekal are SC/ST (60%)and illiterate (46%). Large numbers of slum population (74%) are daily wagers with amaximum family income in the range of just Rs. 1500- 2500. The provision of communitytoilets, community bathrooms and community taps are considered for the slum areas.

6. ID&IP FOR ANEKALThe ID&IP for Anekal town defines the vision for overall development and identifies thesector-wise goals and strategies. Within the framework of this long term vision, this sectiondetails out the total sector wise investment required to cater to a designed population of 0.85Lakhs up to a design period of 2033. The total investment required for the town is Rs. 421.98Crores. The costing is done based Empowered Committee Guidelines, KUIDFC. The projectcosting under various sectors and the phasing of the investment is summarized in Table 1below.

Table 1: Proposed Sector-wise Investment Plan & Phasing(Rs. in Lakhs)

An assessment of the existing level of infrastructure and current service levels in the townformed the basis for the infrastructure development programme and associated investment planfor the next 25 years. The sector-wise investments and the total investment requirements oftown is an outcome of the current levels of services, the demand for infrastructure for the next

SectorAmount(Rs.Lakhs)

Phase 1(2009-2013)

Phase 2(2013-2018)

Phase 3(2018-2033)

Water Supply +Impounding structure 8273.00 5831.00 1253.00 1189.00Ground Water and Rain water Harvesting 1663.27 1663.27 0.0 0.00Sewerage and Sanitation 13278.00 11318.00 800.00 1160.00Storm Water Drains 1420.24 778.21 642.03 0.00Roads, Traffic and Transportation 6605.92 2299.68 1840.05 2466.19Street Lights 235.57 165.28 49.50 20.79

Solid Waste Management 233.08 233.08 0.0 0.00Slum Infrastructure 2152.00 1112.00 1040.00 0.00Social Infrastructure 8337.00 4220.00 1560.00 2557.00

Total Infrastructure Development Cost 42198.08 27620.52 7184.58 7392.98

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Executive Summary

25 years and the needs of the people. The project prioritization is based on the assessment ofthe critical needs of infrastructure, the assessed financial & technical capacity of the ULB andoutcomes of stakeholder consultative workshops.