Ara Tika – On TrackRTLB Association Conference 2011

Mason DurieMassey University

Two lessons from Rangitane and the Manawatu River

Manawaroa – 1832

Tuwhakatupua - 1868

RangimarieTe Maungarongo o Nga

Iwi o Rangitikei me Manawatu Manawatu River

‘Te Manawaroa o Ngati Raukawa ki te

pupuri i te rangimarie me te

whakapono’

Manawatu River at Tuwhakatupua

Peeti Te Aweawe

Hoani Meihana Te

Rangiotu

The potential of Rangatahi has never been higher

Navigating Pathways with Rangatahi: The main points

The potential of Rangatahi has never been higher

Navigating Pathways with Rangatahi : The main points

The realisation of potential will be accelerated by:

An integrated approach to education, training, employment, whānau & community development Building knowledge, skills, and relationships that will have currency in the future Skilful navigation to create opportunities for full participation in society

Demographic potential

Māori economic potential

Educational potentialCultural potentialWhānau potential

2010

2015

2020

5m

1,000,000

800,000 – 22%

Demographic TransitionsNZ Population Growth

4m

2m

6m

1m

3m

Projected rates of increase1.4% from 2001 – 2007

1.0 from 2007-20110.7% to 2020s0.4% to 2040s

4.37m

Demographic TransitionsNZ Population Growth

20501800

1900

2000100,000

200,000

500,000

1,000,000

565,329 – 15%(Median age 22.7 yrs - 2006)

800,000 – 22%

45,000

Māori Demographic Transitions

Māori Demographic Transitions

10

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2020 2040 2060

Year

Med

ian

age

of p

opn

Now

Median age36.5

2006 2021

30

35

40

20

European (39 44yrs)

Māori (23 26yrs)

Pacific (21 24yrs)

Asian (28 36yrs)

25

4550

1984 – 2010Positive Māori Development

2011 - 2035Sustainable Māori

Economies

Economic development Asset retention & acquisition Asset diversity – land, forests, real estate, fishing, water New markets, investments

Cultural affirmation Marae The application of Tikanga, Kawa, Mātauranga, Te Reo to

education, the economy, sport, art, business Whānau and hapū – intergenerational transmissions

Social equity Health & wellbeing – Whānau Ora Full participation in society, education & the economy

Exploring the FutureIwi Aspirations in the Post-settlement Era

1,000,000

800,000 – 22%

Educational PotentialTo live as Maori and as Citizens of

the World Customised approaches to education and training Student centred (vs institutional centred) Endorsement of cultural values & healthy lifestyles Expectations of success Relevant to the future and aligned to community futures

1,000,000

800,000 – 22%

Demographic TransitionsNZ Population Growth

Cultural Potential

• Te reo Māori across all domains

• Waka ama, Kapa haka

• Mātauranga Maori within the curriculum

• Maori culture defines New Zealand

Strengthened whānau capabilities

An integrated approach to whānau wellbeing

Collaborative relationships between state agencies in relation to whānau services

Relationships between government & community agencies that are broader than contractual

Improved cost-effectiveness and value for money’

From a Deficit Model

• Diagnosis• Dysfunction• Deviance• Diminished

expectations• Disparities• Difficulties in the past

From a Deficit Model

• Diagnosis• Dysfunction• Deviance• Diminished

expectations• Disparities• Difficulties in the past

To a Model of Potential Positive attributes Pathways to success Partnerships Possibilities for the future Progress over time Plans for tomorrow

Whānau self managementHealthy whānau lifestyles Full whānau participation in societyConfident participation in te ao MāoriEconomic security and wealth

creationWhānau cohesion – between

generations & between households

Whānau Ora Goals

Integrated solutions

Distinctive pathways

Goals that empower

Three Principles that Underpin Whānau Ora

‘No single sector or discipline has all the answers’

‘Gains for whānau require an integrated and coherent approach’

Principle 1 Integrated Solutions

Integrated Government policiesSocial and economic development Impacts of all policies on whānau

Integration of Customary and contemporary approaches Indigenous knowledge science, commerce,

jurisprudence

Integration across sectorsHealth, education, labour, youth affairs, social

services, territorial authorities, Māori Affairs ... Iwi, hapū, Māori community integration

Integration within sectorsYouth mentoring, support, advisory services

Principle 1 Integrated Solutions

Pathways that lead to long term gains

Pathways that are: Culturally relevant

Meaningful to diverse populations (age-groups, ethnic, metropolitan, rural)

Linked to future needs, economies, opportunities

Principle 2 Distinctive Pathways

The acquisition of knowledge, information, and skills in order to achieve: Healthy lifestyles Economic certainty Stable relationships Social inclusion Full participation in society Confident participation in te ao

Māori Self management & self

determination

Principle 3 Goals that Empower

Integrated solutions

Distinctive pathways

Goals that empower

Whānau Plans, that address future needs, aspirations, capability

Inter-sector collaborationComprehensive Provider clusters

Whānau navigators,Matching whānau with servicesCultural dimensions

Principles and Whānau Ora

Principle 1: Integrated Solutions

Principle 2: Distinctive pathways

Principle 3: Goals that empower

Application of the Whānau Ora Principles to Rangatahi Potential

A collaborative approach that includes: Teachers & Families Classroom and plying field Education & employment Health & social services Unions & employers Iwi & marae Territorial authorities

Principle 1 Integrated Solutions

Pathways that lead to: Cultural alignment Academic success Career readiness Recreational capacity A capacity to sustain

relationships

Pathways that are facilitated by navigators

Principle 2 Distinctive Pathways Two Proposals to reduce youth

disadvantage1.E-learning in low decile

schools2.Improve school-to work

transitionsNew

Zealand Institute

Discussion Paper 2011/1

Navigators work with Rangatahi in order to: Ascertain whanau aspirations Shape personalised education plans Negotiate educational options Mediate relationships with teachers Access relevant training schemes Obtain employment that will lead to preferred

careers Gain financial literacy Participate in te ao Māori Seek the best possible outcomes

Principle 2 Distinctive PathwaysRangatahi Navigators

1. Capacity for a working relationship with rangatahi2. Able to engage with whānau3. Stock take of aspirations, priorities – rangatahi &

whānau4. Identification of rangatahi capabilities and skills to

meet identified needs and goals5. Identification of resources (goods, services,

information) that will lead to agreed goals6. Identify external agencies where resources are located 7. Liaison with agencies to supply resources in an

appropriate manner8. Measure the impact of navigation

The Navigational Role

Relationship building

Mentoring

Brokering

Advocacy

Planning

Mediation

Sustainable & positive relationships Whānau, te ao Māori, provider groups, community leaders, educational agencies, unions, employers

Skill transferPassing on navigational skills to Rangatahi

Best possible deal for rangatahiSchooling, Iwi resources, Justice, IT, career planning, employers, information

Promoting rangatahi interestsWith Iwi, within schools, employers, local & central govt.

Converting rangatahi aspirations to a plan of actionShort term objectives; medium & long term goals

Facilitating the resolution of disagreementswithin whānau, between employers, teachers, & Rangatahi

Navigator Skills

Focus on elimination of risk factors ? or

Focus on building protective factors ?

Focus on individuals in school environments ? or

Focus on individuals in whānau and communities?Focus on individualised interventions ?

orFocus on ‘wrap-around’ services ?

Alcohol and drugs Economic Disadvantage Discrimination and stigma Educational under-

achievement Environments – unsafe,

polluted, overcrowded, poorly resourced

Family – dysfunctional, fragmented, child neglect

Food – too much and too little (of nutritious foods)

Natural & man-made disasters Peer rejection Political repression Physical illness Physical inactivity Poverty Racism Unemployment – insecure, conditions Violence – interpersonal, intimate & collective; war Work – stress and strain

Cultural engagement Quality parenting Cultural identity –

secure, strong Education – accessible

and effective Environments – safe

and nurturing Empowerment and self

determination Resilient, competent,

multiple capabilities,

• Food – nutritious, adequate• Housing – affordable, accessible• Income – accessible & safe employment• Personal resilience & social skills• Physical fitness • Families - resilient, cohesive, competent, • Full participation in society & the economy• Sport and recreation• Transport• Services – health, social, justice• Spirituality

Rangatahi Navigational Pathways

Positive engagement with education Access to knowledge, information, skills

e-literacy, financial literacy, health literacy Balanced lifestyles Long term personalised career plans leading to

ongoing career development financial security capacity for innovation contribution to whānau opportunities to join the workforce global reach self management

Principle 3: Goals that will Empower Rangatahi

Ara Tika – On TrackRTLB Association Conference 2011

Tēna koutou katoa

Skilful navigationcollaborative effort, multiple strategies aligned with

future opportunities,

the transfer of knowledge, skills and information necessary for

full participation in te ao Māori and in wider society.

Realising Rangatahi potential depends on an approach that recognises:

The potential of Rangatahi has never been higher

Navigating Pathways with Rangatahi: The main points - again

The realisation of potential will be accelerated by:

An integrated approach to education, training, employment, whānau & community development Building knowledge, skills, and relationships that will have currency in the future Skilful navigation to create opportunities for full participation in society