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APPENDI-X I

-

PROCEDURE TO DE'IERMINII THE PROBEIN D EX-LQ,I N T OI-S i.{ EA.R-$]AY E-P&-O*BE

IIW VI-BLOC]II- V2-BLOCKt.1lIIt2

C_ENEBAI=IIW. VI or Vl trlock rna)/ bc uscd.It nlat' be forlnd that manufacttrer's marks on probcs ale not of sufficient acurac\/ for. tjrcpurposc e,r isaged urcl tiie probc irdcx is the firsr probc charac,;il;;;ffi, ,U;i,,J'l,I''checked prior to checking the beanr angle or profile.PR-OEED-UREPlace the probe on tlre block as aboye. Maximise the signal bl, nror,ing the probe llackrvar rland fonvard

. parailel [o the block sides.when the signat is at maxintuln- thc probe inclex *rll correspond to the e,grar,ed line o^tlic block u-hich marks dre geomctri.nt."nt.e of the quaclrant.Thc probe index measurement should bc repeatable to *.ithin +/_ I nrm If.tlrc mcasurcdposition difi-ers lrorn thc existing mark b' n,o.. t},r, lnrnr. the ne*,positio, should bc rnarlicdItffffilrdde and shail trc uiecr in sutsrquent probe check and defect protring.Thc probc index shali not rlifler tx, +y'- 1 g ,r,ERE_QU EN.CY OF CiIEC KINGThis n'ill depent on thc ratc oIprobc *'car due to usagc and to thc rougrmess of the tcstingsurface. s4ren a probe is in continuous use. dairv chelk or at least e.len, four hoursis requircd.

2-_Q

2.t

)_2

23

tJ)

Lq

ttll

t2

3g3.1

2.02.t

2.2

APPBNDIX IIP_R,OEED-UA.E]O-D,E]ERM]NIr_-TH.E-STAMNSLLOJ-S}IEA&LVALE-.PROBE

IIW VI BLOCK

GENERAI,

V2 BLOCK

IIw. vl or v2 block can be used to dctermine the beam angle of shear rva'e probc.Thc bearn anglc chcck shall bc rnadc on a probc in conjunction s,ith tlrc fiarvdetector to be used in subsequent testing.

PEOEEzu&EPlace the probe on position A to H (depending on angle of probe) as aboye as [o rcccir,ereflected signal from the selected transverse hole in tire blockrraximized the signal by moving the probc backward and fonvard When the signal ismaxmrzed

, the beam angle can be measured using the probe index and engravedreference lines on the blocks.

TOLERANEElv{arked angles are normallv not accurate for uom-out probe.Measured angle shall be rccorded and rnarked on the probe and used n subscqucnt probechecks and defect plottings.Probe actual angle shall be u,ithin + 2 of the design angle

F BIqU-EN C Y OEE H EEKiLLCThis riill depend on the rate of probe rrear due to usage and to the rougSness of thetesing surfacc. Whcn a probe is in continuous use, chcck shall be carried out evcry lourhours or daily before production test and the nerv angle shall be used for all evaluations

32

40

APPENDIX IIIP E O{ E! II-RL f

_O* D_E TERM ILLE_ lAS E IJNE_IJNEA RIf Y -O F IE-QUITM-ENI

(*

,t,Q1I

1.2

z_0-

2t

22

ITW VI BLOCK

G-ENEBAtA ccrmprcssional $'a\.c probc (singlc or tNin crystals) and IIW vl block can be uscd forthis check.Range o[check shall be at lcast equal to thal s,hich is to be useci in subsequcnt tesing.PROCEDUR!Place the cornprcssional rvave probe on positin A. B. or c of IIV VI brock. Adjust thctime base so that the first and fil"th baclnvall echo indications conciclc l,ith particulargraticule Iinc.Bring successiYc baclilvall echocs. iI tum. to approxinrately the same height (e.g.g0% fullscreen). Thc lcadrng edge of each echo should line up u,ith the uppropriotl grurilutc ti,,..Rccord an1' deYiations. tncasured at approximately half full ,"r"*n height, frour the idealpositions.For range less than 250mm- place probe etc. For range grcater than 25Ornnr, placc probeatAorB

IOT.EBAN-CIDe'iation of thc base linc lineariti, shall not exceed +/- 2 %of the full time _ baserangc, othcnvise rccalibra(ion is rcquircd.

The check shall be can'ied out at least once pcr *,eek if the unit is used daily or prior toproduction testing.

2.3

LO

4_0

APPBNDIX IVPLOEEDUNE-Iq-DELE-BMI.NE-TTEIINEANIY-O-FEQU]IMTNLGAIN

iIW Vi BLOCK

GENEBALThis is a chcck on thc combincd result ol lincaritl, of calibrated gain conLrol ancl thcarnplificr.A,\, standard calibration block can be used. ( i.e IIW \r I Block )PRQeEluRETo dctcnnine the linearity of calibratcd gain control.Place the probc on position B.Adjust thc gain to set this signal to g0 % fullscrecn hcight ancl note

'alue ol.t5ecalibrated control (dB). Adjust the calibratecl control to increase the gain bv 2dBThe sigrral shoutd incrcass to fullscreen height (100%).Restore thc gain to its original value ancl thcn re.duce it by a ftrrthcr 6dB. The signalshould fall to 409.1, of ftrll screen height. Rcduce the gain b), a frrrther l2db. The signalshould fall to l0% full screen hcight Finally reclucc the gain bv furthcr 6db. thesignal should fall to 5% offull scrcen heightTo detenninc thc screen height (amplifier) Iineantv.Place the probe on position A.Adjust tlre probe position to give a 2 to I ratio ol amplitudes betrvcen the firsl a,dsecond backr*all signal r*th the first signal set aLg)o/ofuil screen height.without moving the probe, adjust the gain control to successivery set the first signallrom200/o to 100% lull scrccn height. in l0% or 2 dB increments. Read the arnplitucleol thc second signal at each sctting. Rccord trrc amplitucres of both signars.

/"

.t.0II

1.2

1!2.1

2 1.12.1.2

22221222

I9l mm

I

30J.l

IOIERANCELincaritv of gain control

Gain (dB) Expccted Screcn Height Limits+2 rcO%0 ,:: j,, Not less than 90 %80%-6-t8-24

40%t0%s%

35% Lo 45 08%to lz,A

Must be visiblc above basc line3.2

40

Screen height (amplifier) LincaritvThe amplirudc of first (largcr) signal. nrusl. be t*.ice the anrplitucle o[ thc second ( s,raller)signal. l,ithin an accrtrac\/ of _5olo pu11 screen height.

ERE-Q_IIE_NC-\'_O_LCII-EEKING :Rc-calibratiolt is ttc.ccssary at lcast once evcrJ, month or r'hen nrainrenance sen icc iscanicd out on the test cqrripnrcnts

"rE 2 Ynrrl

IOW BEAM PROFILE PROBE

1.0

I,I

LO

GETLEBALThis to check thc abilitl'of probe unil. combination to drscrrminate betrveen sigrals fronrseparate reflectors l'ing at onl1, 5r1*5,1u different ranges or near to surface.

PROCEDULE

Compressional ( 0 cleg ) probe.Place the probe at position A. Three signals lrom the g5 mm. glmm and 100 nrmsurfacc should be clearlv displaved.Position B and c is to determine the near surface resolution or the dead zonc of tlreprobc. If the reflection fiom the pcrspcx disc at rOmm (c) and 5mm (B) courd not bedetected'it should bc noted as reflector rvithm the region (dead zone) rvould not bc detectedShear Wave ( Angle ) probe.

2t

2.2

2.1.1

21.2

2 7.1

222

Placc thc probc on position D or E. The signal from the side drilled hole should bcdrstirrguishh drsplal ctlNcar surfacc rcsolution can be deternrined bv using block with side drilled holes ncar tothc surfacc.

I.qLELANCE

The signal amplitudc of subscqucnt signals should be clearly separated as indicated ontlrc skctch bclorv

3.0

I;ULL RESOLUTION

ERE QUE}LCY _O ECL{EEKINEThe resolution check of probe-unit combined shall be carried out for nes, probe, u.henindeVanglc has changed or at least once a month.

PARTLAL RESOI-UTION

4_0

1.0

tt1',]I _L

1.3

2.0

2.122

APPENDIX \/I

PROCEDIJRT TO DETERMINE THE BEAM SPREAD ( PROFILE )INfI]IT YERITCAL TLSNE OF AN ,qNGLE-PROBJ

LE-NEeAt

The beanr spread at thc 20 dB limit u'ill be dctermine for eac.h probc bv thc use ofIOW blockThis bearn spread can be uscd for angle probe rvhen sizing defect bi.tlre "20 dB drop"rnethodPlot 20 dB beanr profile for 45 deg arrd 60 deg but use l0 dB for 70 deg probe. with70 deg probe . a 20 dB beam spread is so n'ide zurd drfficult to construct as to be almostuseless.

PXUCEzuRE

Calibrate the rrnrt range with angle probe.Place the probe on the block as above. and maximize the signal to Full Screen Height.Mark u'here the indcx point of probe corncide on the block. Move the probe fonr,arduntrll thc signal drops to l/10 screen height(z0 dB drop). Mark on tire block rvhere thcindex point of probe stands on the block. Move the probe backrvards until the signalmaximises and thcn drop dorvn tol/10 screen height. Mark index point of probc onthc block.Datv a t'ertical line on the block from thc hole to the upper erlge. Measurc stand offof the thrc.e indcx point marks and note them down.Repeat the process using the I9mm, 25mm. 35mm as applicable.

L.)

24

IOW BEAM PROFILE BLOCK

25!

Norv drarv a horizontal lincs on a bcanr plotting chart at depths of l3mm. l9mnr. 2.5nrnr32rnnt as applicablc Transfcr the stand off of thc indcx point recorcled in the above procc-durc to the reln'ant lincs on the chart, Join the mark up. The ccnterline represent the mainellctg\/ of tlrc beanr and lhe othcr tu'o marks represents thc leading and rrailing cclges oILhe beantDratv in tire parallcl near zonc which is equal to D2l4 on the bcam plotting chart WlcreD: effective diantctcr oI probe crystal.For 70 dcg probe at l0 dB bcam spread, instcad otdropping thc signal to l/10 FSI.l, uscthc 3/l 0 screen hcrglrt.For all probc movcrricnts. avoid angular rotation. Straight edge or nrlcr can bc used as aguide.

26

)1

lo

Posr-Lon 1or lt:yrmu"n echo,(.; r

.,)

\i\mrn

19 mrn

)B r.,q

3?nn

3.0

r3eAH p14{\rNt ciln(I-

EREAUENEY-OITI] ECKING

The bczun sprcad shall bc plotted when:i) nerv probes are usedii) rvhcn thcre is a changc o!'probe incrcx. beam angle and probe rvornout

J.l

Jl

i.0

4_0

TOLEBANCI]

Accuratc calibration olthc tinrc-basc to l'l- 2% or bcttcr olthc rrraxinrlrnl ranqcdisplavcd is rcquircd

ERE_QUE]_.I_CJ_-OI.CAI]BI-{Af I-O-N

This calibration shall bc vcrificd :r) at the start of a scrics oI tcstingsri) n,ith an1, substitution olprobc/cablciii) rvith anr.'substitution o[pou,cr sourccii,) at lcast cvcry 4 hours during tcstingr') at thc finisli of testingYi) at an1'tiurc, *'hen in thc opinion oIthc UT opcrator. thcrc is cloubt as to thc

r aliditi of [hc calibration

I0 I.ONGITUDINAL WAVI]Sllw vl ard.\/2 blocks or otrrcr suitabrc broct

APPENDIX VII

F.

IIW Vi BLOCK

IIW V2 BLOCK

Snecifications:ASTM E1 64, MI L-STD-2154.

Calibration Function:Sbaight Beam -Dishnce, Am plitude, Resolt ttion,Horizonhl linearity.

Angle Beam -Sweep length, index point sound path inwedge, sound path angle (35o-40o).

Soecifications:

-

u.s.A.F. T.0. 338-1-1, ASTM E164.

Calibration Function:Staight Beam -Distance

Angle Beam -lndex point, $ound path angle {30o - 70o}.

Hiniature Angle Beam {ROMFAS} Galibration Block

IIW Type I Calibration Block

tristance Calibration {DG} Block

-IIII

Soecifications:

-

ASTM E164, AASHTO / AWS D1-+95

Calibration Function:Sfaight Beam -Distance, Amplitude.

Angle Eleam -lndex poirfi, Distance.

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Soecifications:

-

u.s.A.F, T.O. 33F1-1 {6-1+4}.Calibrdipn Functisn:Straight Beam -Sensitivity, Distance, Resolt ttion,Hsrizofital linearity.

Angle Beam -Beam index, $ound path angle, Distancetime bae, Distance sensitivity curve.

Specifications:ASTM E164, AASHTO I AWS D1-+'95

@:Sfraight Eleam -Distance, Am$ttude

Angle Beam -lndex point, Sound path angle (45o -708), Distarrce, sensitiuity.

Soecifications:

-

ASTM E164, AASHTO/AWS D1-S.S5

Calibratian Functiot'f :Angle Beam -$ound path angle {45o, 604, 75o}sensitivi$.

Distance J Sensitiuity Galibration {DSC} Block

llW Type 2 Galibration Black-Ir-

&nsitiuity Calihration (SGl Block

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Distance i Sensitiuity (trS) Calibration Block

Miniature Resolution Blmk

IIII

Soecifications:ANSI, AASHTO / AWS D1-S'95

Calibration Function:Straight Beam -Distance horizontal linearity, sensitivity.

Specifications:

-

ANSI, AASHTO / AWS D1.5-95

Calibration Function:Angle Beam -Angle Beam resolution (45s,600, 70o).

AWS Resolution Galibration (RC) Block

Soecifications:

-

ldone

Calibration Function:Sfaight Beam -Sensitivity, Resolution, Distance amplitudecorrection.

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TIIIIStep Wedges / Thickness Gauges

Soecifications:

-

ASTM E7g7

Calibration Function:Straight Beam -Thickness and LinearityCa libration, Thicknessgauging, Specials quotedupon request,

30 FBH Resolution Reference Block

Snecifications:

-

ASTM 8127, ASTM E4?8 {HoleDimensions Only).

Calibration Function:Skaight Beam -Sensitivity, Resolution, Flaw size, Flawdepth.

IOW Beam Profile Block

Soecifications:

-

BS 2704: 1978

Calibration Function:Angle Beam -Beam profile {45o, 600, 70o}, Probeangle.

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-IIIIHavships Test Block

Soecifieations:

-

MIL-STD'271 F iSH) -6-27-86, Navships0900-00&3010 Sec. 6.

Calibration Function:Angle Beam -Eensitivi$.

Soecifications:

-

ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code,Section lll -..Nuclear Vessels, 1965.

Calibration Function:SBaight ... ..Sensitivity.Angle Beam ..... Sensitivity.Sufface Wave ..... Sensitivi$.

ASME N{25 Reference Flate

ASTM Basic Galibration Block

Fig. T-

Fig. T-441.1Fig. T-

Smcifications:

-

Many available including:. ASME Section V, Article 5,

542.2.1. ASTM Section V, Article 4,. ASME Section V, Article 5,

542.8.1,1

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-TITIASTM Area Amplitude Blocks (set of 8)

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AST&I Distance I Area - Amplitude Blocks (set of 10)

Metal HolePath Dia.(ln.) {1I54 ln.}1.500 53.000 56,000 53.000 I6.000 I

ASTkI Distance - Amplitude #3, #5, *F8

Hole Bia (ln.)3/64,5/64, 8/64Metal Path (ln,)

0.063, 0.125, 0.250, 0.375, 0.500,0.625, 0.750, 0.875, 1.000, 1.250,1.750, 2.250, 2.750, 3.250, 3.750,4.250, 4.750, 5.250, 5.750.

Snecifications:

-

ASTM 8127, ASTM 84?.8.

Calibration Application:Determining the relationshipbetween flaw size and echoamplitude.

Metal Path(ln.)

3.0003.0003.0003.0003.0003.0003.0003.000

Hole Dia.1164 in.

1

2

4

5

6

7oU

fidktal HolePath Dia(ln.l {1Ie* ln.}3.000 30.125 50.250 50.500 50.750 5

Soecifications:

-

ASTM E127, ASTME428

CalibrationAsplication:Determining DeadZone, Sensitivity,Distance and AreaAmplitude.

FBH Blocks (set of {9}Specifications:ASTM E1?7, ASTM E428

Cali bration Application:Determining relationshipbetween metal distance andsignal amplitude.

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