auctions and multi-agent systems
DESCRIPTION
Auctions and Multi-agent Systems. 발표자 : 96419-047 오 연 희. Purpose. Discuss how a virtual institution can be derived from the Llotja(a fish market) Show how this institution can be applied to define other institutions where the participants can be software agents. Auction. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Auctions and Multi-agent SystemsAuctions and Multi-agent Systems
발표자 발표자 : 96419-047 : 96419-047 오 연 희오 연 희
Purpose
Discuss how a virtual institution can be derived from the Llotja(a fish market)
Show how this institution can be applied to define other institutions where the participants can be software agents
Auction
Auctions are price-fixing mechanisms
: bidding conventionAuction houses is institutions
: also, other equally relevant conventions are used. (about registration of participants and goods, guarantees, payment, commissions, starting prices, etc...)
Three types of conventions
Ontologic and Communicational Conventions
Social Conventions
Individual Behaviur Rules
But, we are concerned with VI!!
The Difference of virtual institution from traditional auction house
- Virtual location
- software agentConsequently, it could be understood as a
multi-agent system model, or more specifically, as its computational realization in the Internet.
Feature of Virtual Institution
Message Exchange
strong dialogical stance Dialogical system
Llotja (a fish market of Blances) : traditional auction house
Five scenes(location, staff)
1. Buyers’ register(AR, ba)
2. Goods’ register(RR, sa)
3. Goods’ show and auction(AH, auct)
4. Credits and goods delivery(DR, bm)
5. Sellers’ settlements(BO, sm)
Scenes in the Blanes Llotja
Illocutions used in an upward bidding round in the Fishmarket
Fishmarket bidding rounds
The Difference of Fishmarket from the Blanes auction
The Participants can be computer programs executed in a remote location
collisions are managed in the Fishmarket
- by a random selection of a winner
Institution
Dialogical FrameworkPerformative Structure
: articulation of scenesIndividual Behavior Rules
FM = <DF, PS, BR>FM = <DF, PS, BR>
Performative Structure
Commitments established in an auction house
Exchange of auctioned goodstheir featuresthe exchange conditions
Information structure for Commitments in the Fishmarket
The auction’s catalogue
: storage of information related to the goods auctioned
each seller’s account
: identification, the income and commissionseach buyer’s account
: credit and the purchases mode
Individual Behavior Rules(purpose)
The need of making these conventions explicit and more intelligible for users or external observers
To facilitate the definition and update of the institution’s conventions
Individual Behavior Rules(example)
Closed bidding auction
- operator(selected and creditstatus) is added and extended
Vickrey bidding : upward and closed bidding
- selected operator is changed
Convention Variant of the Fishmarket 1.
Convention Variant of the Fishmarket 2.
The same individual rules, the same illocutions and the same operators could be used for any of its variants
Use of sufficiently general operators
- parametrized
Compoments of Dialogical Framework for Fishmarket
Agents a set of identifiersRol = {boss, auct, sa, sm, ba, bm} {s, b}SR = {<boss, x> : x Rol \ boss}Loc = {AH, RR, AR, DR, BO, M}L the “object language”CL (a communication language)ML (metalanguage to define behaviour rules)T a time model
Models and Implementation
FM: auction houseA: auctionG: auctioned goodsA: participating agentsE0…Ew: the incidents evolveA = <A, G, <E0..Ew>>
Institutions
Agent-mediated institution - “Cohabited Mixed Reality Information Space” project
Agent-based instutions - “medical protocols” SMASH project
Closing Remarks #1 Artificial Intelligence
A interdisciplinary problemother fields of AI
Closing Remarks #2multi-agent systems
Constitute a non-trivial problema domain in which competitive evaluation is
possibleauctions are a conveniently scalable problem
Closing Remarks #3Electronic Commerce
Electronic exchange through the InternetThe opportunity of developing agents