automated window system

of 39 Automated Power Window

Automated Window System

Group Members

Mapa M.M.D.A.B.

EN15555922

Thennakoon T.M.N.D.

EN15549532

Edirisinghe E.A.G.A.

EN15564528

Vinod G.R.L.

EN15550736

Maharachchi N.T.

EN15548856

Group Number-B117

Group Name-SPARTA

Date of submission-6th May 2015


Contents Abstract ……………………………………………………………………………… 03

Executive summary………………………………………………………………………. 04

Problem statement

Assignment statement

Rhetorical purpose

Summary

Introduction……………………………………………………………………………… 06

Background

Literature review

Block diagrams

Functional decomposition diagrams

Design specifications…………………………………………………………………… 08

Restatement of problems

Generation and evaluation of solutions

Objectives and constraints

Requirement specifications

Selection of design criteria

Feasibility Discussion…………………………………………………………………… 21

Preliminary design……………………………………………………………………… 25

Conceptual design

Preliminary design

Design calculations

Performance estimates

Cost analysis

Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………….. 38


Abstract

The techniques of manually opening and closing windows have been practiced for centuries.

This method involves some problems like rain water entering to the house etc. our endeavor is

to create an automated window system which would shut itself automatically once a rain drop

is sensed. This system should have a high efficiency because the target is to close the window at

the very beginning of a drizzle.

There are many important criteria’s to consider and one of those is durability. Usually

customers expect a long lasting product because they don’t want to run around searching for

repairing men and various equipment parts, so the life span of this product should be at least

10-15 years. To make this target possible methods should be introduced to minimize wearing

out due to friction and replacement of parts like the motor.

The product should be user friendly, attractive and cost efficient. The window system

should not have an impact on the beauty of the house and it should have a decent appearance.

When cost and prize is considered, this product should be affordable because all the windows

in the house will be fixed with the components and the producer should make sure the cost for

one item should be minimized in order to gain a profit.

In this report we discuss the design, procedure, application, raw materials used in our

automated window system for example iron Ore, its extraction, purity and properties. We also

talk about the thinking process like why we prefer the vertical window instead of the traditional

horizontal closing window and the constraints that we have to undergo to make it possible and

even we have listed all the possible metrics for the assumed contains.

Marketability is the most important factor of a product. The producer should always

target a specific group of people for example if the product cost about 20,000 this will only be

suitable for wealthy people but this will reduce the number of customers because there are less

number of rich people. For the producer to get a considerable amount of profit he/she should

decreases the production cost but not the quality because the whole business depends on

these two pillars and when the product is forwarded for mass production there will be chaos.

This report basically deals with the main areas that is being taught in the Design and

Process module and it is being aligned according to the given criteria.


Executive summary

The problem statement:

In normal sunny days, people always leave the house window open for

air circulation or allowing sun rays. In case if we forget the house windows

opened or we leave it because we do not expect rain might be fall, rain

will fall inside the house. In many countries the amount of the rain is too

much and it might destroy the whole house, if we forget or if we leave it

open for the purposes, water damage irrespective of the source always

causes devastating and the blow is really hard especially for the people

whose houses are located rainy areas. When the water flows inside the

house, it begins the trouble time. The rain water runs through every personal

belonging which cause a financial loss. Also , water can damage furniture,

devices or other valuable things. We want to figure a device that will save

this mistake. A lot of people do not think that when rains fall a damage

will happens to their houses. But when it happen they will say in repeatedly

I wish I closed window or I wish I install some devices that can close the

window automatically.

The hardware that fits onto the window which pushes

and pulls the window open and closed instead of operating the window

manually. When the rain comes we suddenly run to closed the windows. We

think install some devices that can close window automatically. So this report

explains about all the technical methods and solutions about the automatic

window.


Rhetorical Purpose

The purpose of the proposed project is to introduce and make awareness

among public of the advantages of using this product which plays a vital

role in present day today life.


Introduction

This report is about designing an auto close window device which changes

the discomforts associated with the normal residential or commercial window

method for a long period of time and even now people still go towards the

window to shut down when the rain. Owing so that the efforts put into the

project is design a new invention of auto close window for business

purpose.

Problem associated with the current system (defining the problem)

There are key problems associated with the way of closing the

window automatically the customer and they are listed below with

decreasing importance.

This is an important step in designing based on these

problems; it is possible to draw the various requirements and specification

to form the foundation of the design.

(1) Difficult to close window one by one

This is the root problem. The hardware that fits onto the

window which pull the window close instead of operating the window

manually.

(2) Forget to close the window when raining

If we forget to close window water damage irrespective of the

sources always causes devastating. The rain water comes through to house it

can damage furniture, devices or other valuable things.


(3) Difficult to reach

The commercial buildings have more windows to get sunlight. Some

are very high. Even the workers unable to close windows quickly.

There are some problems enclosed in the problem

given by the customer , which initiated this project. Subsequently, the

ultimate goal or the objective is to circumvent these problems to bring

about a comfortable for the user. Each of the matters therefore must be

resolved accordingly. The window will be designed to be sensitive rain only. The

purposes of this project to design a window that will close automatically

when it rain. We design it operate from electric device. These should not only

within the scope of the problem, but also positive financially. A detailed

description of design, categorize test procedures and results instruction of

use.

Background

In 1958, the Cadillac motor car division of general motors experimented with a

water sensitive switch that triggered various electric motors to close the convertible

top and raise the open windows of a specially built Eldorado Biarritz model, in

case of rain.


Generation and Evaluation of Solutions

Objectives and Constraints

The following are the objectives of the proposed product and the constraints in

achieving the objectives. This is just a small list containing the required basic

objectives and constraints.

The machine should be strong and robust.

Should use less energy.

Should be easy to setup and use.

Must be able to replace in another window.

Continuous care should be taken on the machine.

Cleaning the machine should be cheap and easy.

Safe working conditions.

The product should be marketable.


Function decomposition diagrams

The function decomposition diagram given below expresses the design behavior at

a particular situation. Accordingly the specifications can be determined for each

function.

Switch on and open the window

RainingWindow will

close automatically

Not raining but want to close the

window

Press the close limit switch and

close the window


The following table gives the options for the subsections and sub functions of the

automated window system. These concepts were put forward after several

discussions, brain storming sessions and research.

1 2 3

Sub

functions/Subsections

Window

material Aluminum Wood Stainless Steel

Window

glass

material

Plastic Glass Plastic coated

glass

Motor type DC Geared Servo Stepper

Base shape Flat Round Flat Rectangular Two bar parallel

base

Rack and

pinion

material

Iron Plastic

Energy

usage

Mechanical

energy Electrical energy Solar power


Design specifications

Based on the function decomposition diagram, the design specifications for the project can be

determined. As shown above, there are many ways to meet the requirements. The design

specifications should meet the objectives of the desired product, given below. Functional

decomposition diagram helps in finding multiple alternatives for the functional parts. By using

objective tress, logical reasoning as well as mathematical reasoning, the most appropriate

specifications for the final design can be determined. In order to have a clear understanding, it is

vital to have a basic picture of the full system here, showing all the functions in a simplified

manner within one frame.

User has to press and

hold the limit switch

in according to open

the window as it

necessary.

Switch on and

open the window

If there is no electrical

power at the moment,

user can open it manually

by pushing it up.

User can close it manually by

press and hold the close limit

switch if necessary.

When it’s raining

window will close

automatically.


Generation and Evaluation of Solutions

Objectives and Constraints

The following are the objectives of the proposed product and the constraints in

achieving the objectives. This is just a small list containing the required basic

objectives and constraints.

Should use less energy.

Should be easy to setup and use.

Continuous care should be taken on the machine.

Cleaning the machine should be cheap and easy.

Safe working conditions.

The product should be marketable.

Budget constraints.

Even a child should be able to operate it.

Simple operation, so user friendly.

The parts made out of metal should not rust.

Circuits should be easily replaced if there’s an error with it.


Requirement Specifications

From the objectives given above, the list below gives what is intended out of the

product:

The product should be marketable:

Should be useful

Automated system.

All the processes are done in nicely flowing manner along with two

switches to open and close the window manually.

Consume less energy.

Should be user-friendly

Easy for the user to use, requiring no need for any additional skills or

knowledge.

Minimum functioning equipment in the system. As a whole there are

only two main parts in the machine and only two operation switches,

which even a child, can work it.

Budget constraints

Should be relatively inexpensive

Maintenance costs should appropriate.

The product should be safe and secure:

Safe operation of automated window system


There should be a convenient way to clean the rack pinion and gear

pinion.

Sensor circuits are safely covered with protective box to get rid of

damages to the circuits and also to prevent damages to the user.


AUTOMATEDWINDOW SYSTEM

MARKETABLE

USEFUL

NO RISK IN THE CIRCUIT

EVEN A CHILD CAN OPERATE IT

PROCESSES IN AN ORDERED MANNER

USER-FRIENDLY

NO SKILLS REQUIRED TO OPERATE

MINIMUM FUNCTIONING EQUIPMENT(ONLY 2

OPERATION SWITCHES)

ALL FUNCTIONING EQUIPMENT WORK ACCORDING TO THE

REQUIREMENT

BUDGET CONSTRAINTS

RELATIVELY INEXPENSIVE

APPROPRIATE MAINTENANCE

COSTS

SAFE AND SECURE

SAFE ENVIRONMENT FOR USER

FULLY COVERED ELECTRICAL

COMPONENTS

Objective tree

The objective tree is another tool which could be used to determine the design

specifications.


The objective tree shown above summarizes the requirement specifications of the

proposed design. The objectives of the design are categorized according to

marketability and safety.

Product Features

The diagrams for each of the objectives are summarized below. Each block

diagram shows the objective, what should happen for the objective to be achieved,

and how it is achieved.

Objective-Closing mechanism

Objective-Easily handling

Objective-Durability

Should function easily without

stucked

Rack and pinion are used which are correctly aligned

Add some greece to move smoothly

and wihout making noice

The setup should be easy

to handle

No special knowlegde

required

Even a child can work with

it


Mind maps

The summarized version of the mind map that was generated during the

development of the design is shown below.

Should be durable

The structure should be

strong

Rack and pinoin should be paint

with anti corrosive paint

Automated window

system

Product

feature set

Product

purchase

details

Product

overview

Product target

market

Why are they going

to use it? To free

their hands of

closing windows

Who is going to use

it? House hold

utilities/office staff Who’s the

intended

audience? Client

C

How much will it

cost? Rs.3800/=

Where/how can we

buy it? Tool shops

and hardware

Key features-

Durable, easy to

handle, inexpensive

Improvement from

existing products-can

manually operate


Alternative Concepts

The alternative concepts to the sub functions and subsections (of Automated

Window System), based on the mind maps and functional decomposition

diagrams, are shown above.


1 2 3

Sub


Base

Material Wood Steel Aluminum

Window

Material Stainless steel Aluminum Wood

Window

glass Glass

Plastic coated

glass Plastic

Base Shape Flat Round Flat Square Base with two

bars parallel

Motor Type DC Geared Servo Stepper

Energy

usage

Mechanical

energy Electrical energy Solar power


Evaluation of Alternative Concepts

The concepts taken in to consideration under each sub function or subsection is

evaluated with respect to efficiency, low cost, reliability, maintenance and

convenience. Each factor is considered only if it is applicable to the criteria

being evaluated. The ratings are as follows:

Each subsection or sub-function is evaluated with respect to its suitability and

easiness. This factor is important in determining the marketability of the

product.

0 – Unsatisfactory

1 – Acceptable

2 – Average

3 – Good

4 – Excellent

Efficiency

This is the ratio of the output to the input of the system. Greater the efficiency

(with respect to the sub-function of the stove being considered),


greater the rating achieved (by this concept of the sub-function being

considered).

Low cost

The cost factor is very crucial in determining the marketability of the entire

design. Lower the cost of a subsection or sub-functions of the automated

window system, greater the rating achieved.

Reliability

It is important to determine the extent to which a regular customer can

depend on the design as a whole. To determine this each subsection’s or sub-

function’s reliability is evaluated.

Maintenance

Maintenance of each and every part of the automated window system is

evaluated with respect to low cost and easy use.

Convenience

Each criterion has a weighting in percentage depending on the sub function

or subsection. Therefore the percentage weighting determines the actual rating

(weighted rating) of each criterion, that contributes to the overall rating.


Chapter 7 – Feasibility Discussion

The evaluation of each subsection and sub-function according to the criteria chosen

in the previous chapter are included in this chapter. Each criterion has a weighting

in percentage depending on the sub function or subsection. Therefore the

percentage weighting determines the actual rating (weighted rating) of each

criterion, that contributes to the overall rating.

Window Material

Base

Material Concept Alternatives

Aluminum Wood

Stainless steel

Criteria Importance Weight Rating

Weighted

Rating Rating

Weighted

Rating

Rating

Low Cost 60% 4 2.40 1 0.60

1 0.4

Reliability 40% 2 0.80 4 1.60

4 0.8

Overall

Rating 100% NA 3.20 NA 2.20

NA 1.20

Base

Concept Alternatives

Flat Round Flat Rectangular

Two bar parallel

base

Criteria

Importance

Weight Rating

Weighted

Rating Rating

Weighted

Rating Rating

Weighted

Rating

Efficiency 45% 4 1.65 4 1.85 2 0.35


Energy Usage

Motor Used

Low Cost 20% 3 0.80 3 0.80 3 0.80

Reliability 10% 4 0.45 4 0.55 3 0.35

Maintenance 15% 3 0.30 3 0.40 3 0.20

Convenience 10% 3 0.10 4 0.30 2 0.30

Overall

Rating 100% NA 3.30 NA 3.90 NA 2.00

Energy usage Concept Alternatives

Electrical Energy Mechanical Energy Solar power

Criteria

Importance

Weight Rating

Weighted

Rating Rating

Weighted

Rating Rating

Weighted

Rating

Efficiency 15% 2 0.40 3 0.45 2 0.30

Low Cost 35% 4 1.80 3 1.05 0 0.30

Reliability 20% 1 0.50 3 0.60 1 0.20

Maintenance 15% 3 0.65 4 0.40 1 0.15

Convenience 15% 3 0.45 4 0.40 2 0.30

Overall

Rating 100% NA 3.80 NA 2.90 NA 1.25

Motor Concept Alternatives

Stepper Motor Servo Motor DC Geared Motor

Criteria

Importance

Weight Rating

Weighted

Rating Rating

Weighted

Rating Rating

Weighted

Rating

Efficiency 45% 2 0.40 3 1.35 4 1.80

Low Cost 20% 2 0.40 3 0.60 4 0.80

Reliability 10% 3 0.35 3 0.45 3 0.55

Maintenance 15% 3 0.20 2 0.30 3 0.45

Convenience 10% 1 0.10 1 0.20 4 0.30

Overall

Rating 100% NA 1.45 NA 2.40 NA 3.90


Window Glass

Rack and Pinion Material

Window Glass Concept Alternatives

Glass Plastic coated Glass Plastic

Criteria

Importance

Weight Rating

Weighted

Rating Rating

Weighted

Rating Rating

Weighted

Rating

Efficiency 35% 3 1.40 3 1.50 3 1.10

Low Cost 30% 4 1.20 4 1.20 3 1.20

Reliability 25% 3 0.40 3 0.45 2 0.25

Maintenance 5% 3 0.30 3 0.30 3 0.30

Convenience 5% 1 0.05 2 0.10 1 0.05

Overall

Rating 100% NA 3.35 NA 3.55 NA 2.90

Rack and pinion material Concept Alternatives

Iron Plastic Aluminum

Criteria

Importance

Weight Rating

Weighted

Rating Rating

Weighted

Rating Rating

Weighted

Rating

Efficiency 45% 4 1.80 3 1.35 2 0.90

Low Cost 20% 2 0.40 3 0.60 4 0.80

Reliability 10% 3 0.30 3 0.30 2 0.20

Maintenance 15% 3 0.45 2 0.30 3 0.45

Convenience 10% 3 0.30 1 0.10 1 0.10

Overall

Rating 100% NA 3.25 NA 2.65 NA 2.45


Best Concepts


1 2 3

Sub


Window

material Aluminum Wood

Stainless

Steel

Window

glass

material

Plastic

coated glass Glass Plastic

Motor

type

DC geared

motor Servo motor

Stepper

motor

Base

shape Flat Round

Two bar

parallel base

Flat

Rectangular

Rack and

pinion

material

Plastic Steel/Iron Aluminum

Energy

usage

Electrical

energy

Electrical

energy Solar power


Preliminary Design

The final design of automated window system is presented consists of two

main parts.

Window and the closing unit is one part and the other part is sensor circuits with

its covering box.

Window and the closing unit

The window is manufactured using aluminum as it is a light material and

also resistive to corrosion. And also aluminum gives it a solid look.

We have used a plastic coated glass as window glass along with rubber

seals around it to avoid getting water into the house through it.

4 pop rivets are used to fix 12 DC geared motor onto the window frame

along with the gear pinion.

The way gear pinion fixed to the motor

Lathe worker fixed a shaft to the gear pinion using lathe machine and the use of

hammer. After that he has made a hole in that with the diameter of 4mm which is

the diameter of motor shaft. We have used a nut to fix the motor and the shaft

steadily.


Sensor circuits and the other electrical circuit

By using copper board and Ferric Chloride we have made the PCB which we

wanted.

Below is the sensor circuit diagram which we have used.

After that we have drilled holes accordingly to insert components with the help of

PCB drill. At the end we have soldered the components into the PCB.

Two switches are used to open and close the window manually when

necessary.

All the circuits are covered in a plastic protective box to prevent damages to

them.

Both switches are fixed into the protective box.


Production Schedule

Need of manufacturing an

automated window system.

Planning and designing

a machine using new

ideas. (First week)

Selecting suitable raw

materials. (Second

week)

Commencing of

building the machine.

(Fourth week)

Finished work on window

and the closing unit. (Fifth

week)

Starting to design the

report. (Sixth week)

Finished work on sensor

circuit and the other

electrical circuit. (Seventh

week)

Finishing of Report (Eighth week) Finalizing of

report &

prototype

(Ninth week)

PRESENTATION (Tenth

week)


Description

First Month (March): After we were told to produce a product which is not in the

current market, we decided to construct an auto closing window system which was

in the given list. Firstly, we were thinking of new ideas and how to design a system

to close windows automatically and came to a final decision and started to find the

materials needed. We realized that the best raw material to use is aluminum to

construct window frame as it is strong and long lasting. Some parts of the machine

we finished by ourselves while to complete the rest we needed to get some help

from a metal works industry and aluminum industry. There are five members in are

group. We were able to finish the work of the window and opening unit by the

third week and there after we started the work on sensor circuit which was the

greatest challenge as it had many design features which are certain how to use this

circuit along with two switches to open and close the window manually.

Second Month (April): By the end of the first week we were able to find a worker

who works on PCBs and electrical circuits. At the same time the prototype is being

made and we started our work on the report. We were able to finish the whole

report about one and half weeks before the deadline. The work of the prototype

also concluded in a close date. Finally we analyzed the whole report and tried the

machine. In the last week we also created the presentation slides.


Cost Analysis

Price of material used

Aluminum-Rs.900/= per 1 inch box bar

Prices of the parts used

12v DC Gear Motor 120 RPM-Rs.1000/=

Rack Pinion-Rs.1000/=

Gear Pinion-Rs.300/=

PCB and electrical components-Rs.600/=

1. 8 pin riley-Rs.200/=

2. Copper Board and components-300/=

3. Circuits covering box-Rs.100/=

Labour Cost

Aluminum worker-Rs.600/=

Lathe worker-Rs.500/=

Electrical worker-Rs.300/=

Other Expenses


Travel and transport-Rs.300/=

Overall Expenses for window and opening unit

• Rs.200/=• Rs. 1100/=

• Rs. 2300/=

• Rs. 900/=

Materials Used(Alumin

um)

Motor/Rack and gear

pinion

OtherLabour Cost


Overall Expenses for water sensor circuit and other electrical circuit

• Rs.300/= • Rs.100/=

• Rs.600 /=

Electricalcomponents

cost

OtherLabour

Cost


Percentage

Total Expended Selling Price

Window and

opening unit

Rs.4500/= Rs.2500/=(only the

opening unit with

rack and gear pinion

and motor)

Sensor circuit and

other electrical

circuit

Rs.1000/= Rs.1300/=

Total Rs.5500/= Rs.3800/=


Instruction Manual for an automated window system

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

ExpendedAmount

Selling price

Window and opening unit

Sensor circuit and other circuit


12V DC Gear motor 120RPM

Torque-2.5Kg

The motor which we have used to

uplift the window


Index

Section 1: CONTROL


Close when necessary by using close switch

Auto closing system works when it’s raining

Section 2: CARE AND MAINTANENCE

Maintain rack and gear pinion

Safety of sensor circuit and the other circuit


Photos of the product


SECTION 1


One switch is provided to open the window normally when necessary.

It’s a switch, which we can open the window as our need.

Close when necessary by using close switch Another switch is provided to close the window manually.

Auto closing system works when it’s raining

When the sensor circuit identifies rain drops the window is starting to

close. User has nothing to do with this part as it’s all automatically

working.

SECTION 2

Maintain rack and gear pinion

User can add some grease into the rack and pinion for its durability

and to increase the efficiency of rotation without unwanted noise.

Safety of sensor circuit and the other circuit


There’s a covering box is provided along with the sensor circuit.

User has to close it always other than there isn’t a maintain process

in the circuit. Circuits should be covered from water.

Conclusion

Objectives and Problems Restated

Problems:

Energy wastage

Have to worry about close windows when it’s raining

Small children damage themselves trying to close higher windows

Objectives:

Efficient in performance

Inexpensive

Durable

Easy to use

Safe working conditions


Summary

Approach:

Identification of problems with closing windows manually when it’s raining

Clarification of objectives and identification of constraints

Establishment of functional decomposition diagrams

Identification of requirement specifications

Generation of design alternatives

Evaluation of design alternatives

Identification of the best alternatives for the concept

Development of the conceptual and preliminary design

Testing and evaluation of the design

Amendment and optimization of the design

Documentation of the design

These steps were followed in developing a safe system to close windows

automatically when it’s raining. The design performed well in achieving the goals.

And the machine could be designed with the maximum safety.

References:

http://www.alibaba.com/showroom/automatic-home-windows.html

http://www.homecontrols.com/Categories/DoorandWindowControl

automated window system

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