B ファクトリーの成果と Super-B

Jan.19, 2005 　＠京都大学山内正則

KEK

Note: Af = 0 (Bf ) = (Bf ) direct CP violation.

CP violation in CP violation in B BB B system system00

Af =

Sf =

| f |2 1

| f |2 1

| f |2 1

2Im( f )

f ≡eiM

A( Bf )A( Bf )

Standard model predictions

f

CKM quark mixing matrix

Unitarity

Unitarity triangle

1≡arg( )VtbVtd

VcbVcd

2≡arg( )

VtbVtd

VubVud

*

*

*

*

TheTheii’s and CKM matrix’s and CKM matrix

Af and Sf

Large data sample

Principle of the measurementPrinciple of the measurement

(BfCP;t ) can be measured.

1550 events

Old result of Old result of sin2sin211

41.8 fb-1

6 bccs decay modes

(BJ/KS, J/KL etc.)

Sccs = sin21

= 0.82±0.12±0.05

|ccs| = 1.01 (stat.)

i.e., Accs is consistent with 0.

0.080.07

(Belle, Feb. 2002, hep-ex/0205020)

KEKB ColliderKEKB Collider

~1 km in diameter

Mt. Tsukuba

KEKBBelle

8 GeV e8 GeV e-- x 3.5 GeV e x 3.5 GeV e++

@ 1.2A x 1.6A@ 1.2A x 1.6ALLpeakpeak = 1.39 x 10 = 1.39 x 1034 34 secsec-1-1cmcm-2 -2

11mrad crossing

~287 fb-1275M BB253 fb-1 on Y(4S)

28 fb-1 below Y(4S)

-

Continuous InjectionContinuous Injection[CERN courier Jan/Feb 2004]No need to stop run

Always at ~max. currents, luminosity~30% more L dt

both KEKB & PEP-II

HER current

LER current

continuous injection (new)normal injection (old)

Luminosity

0 12 24Time

~1 fb-1/day ! (~1x106 BB)-

Belle CollaborationBelle Collaboration

Aomori U.BINPChiba U.Chuo U.U. of CincinnatiFrankfurt U.Gyeongsang Nat’l U.Hiroshima Tech.IHEP, BeijingITEPKanagawa U.KEKKorea U.Krakow Inst. of Nucl. Phys.Kyoto U.Kyungpook National U.U. of LausanneJozef Stefan Inst.

U. of MariborU. of MelbourneNagoya U.Nara Women’s U.National Central U.Nat’l Kaoshiung Normal U.Nat’l Lien-Ho Inst. of Tech.Nat’l Taiwan U.Nihon Dental CollegeNiigata U.Osaka U.Osaka City U.Panjab U.Peking U.Princeton U.RikenSaga U.USTC

Seoul National U.Sungkyunkwan U.U. of SydneyTata InstituteToho U.Tohoku U.Tohuku Gakuin U.U. of TokyoTokyo Inst. of Tech.Tokyo Metropolitan U.Tokyo U. of A and T.Toyama Nat’l CollegeU. of TsukubaUtkal U.IHEP, ViennaVPIYokkaichi U.Yonsei U.

/ KL detection 14/15 lyr. RPC+Fe

Tracking + dE/dx small cell + He/C2H5

CsI(Tl) 16X0

Aerogel Cherenkov cnt. n=1.015~1.030

Si vtx. det. 3 lyr. DSSD

TOF counter

SC solenoid1.5T

Belle DetectorBelle Detector

8GeV e

3.5GeV e

Sub decay modesSub decay modes

J/

+-

=9.6MeV/c2

J/e+e-()

=10.7MeV/c2

Mll (GeV/c2) ’+-,e+e-

=12.1 MeV/c2

’

Mll (GeV/c2

)

c

1

c

2

Mll-Mll (GeV/c2)

c1,c2J/+

=7.0 MeV/c2

M(KS+-) (GeV/c2)

M=4.1 MeV/c2

M(KS00) (GeV/c2)

M=9.3 MeV/c2

in inclusive J/ events

0

sin21: charmonium K0 sin21: charmonium K0

BABAR PUB-04/038

bkg

Update for ICHEP04

sin 2 0 722 0.040 0.023/ 0.950 0.031 0.013

.A A

0( ) (CP odd) modesScc K

1205 on peak or 227 pairs7730 CP events (tagged signal)

fb M BB 1140 on peak or 152 pairs4347 CP events (tagged signal)

fb M BB

sin 2 0 728 0.056 0.023/ 1.007 0.041 0.033

.A A

BBelleelle20032003BBelleelle20032003BBAABBARARBBAABBARAR

0

0

( ) +( )

S

L

cc Kcc K

Belle CONF-0436

Current Results for sin21Current Results for sin21

sin21 (2004 World Av.)

= 0.726±0.037[LP2003: 0.736 ±0.049]

Good SM reference

precision measurement

(~5%)

B0 + CPV ResultB0 + CPV Result

A = +0.58 0.15(stat) 0.07(syst)S = 1.00 0.21(stat) 0.07(syst)

S

A

t (ps)

Direct CPV3.2

[PRL93,021801 (2004)]

good tag

152M BB

History of A and SHistory of A and S

227MBBNew

Belle

BaBarDifference at ~3.1 level

(was ~2.2)

B0 + TCPV

Direct CPV: B Direct CPV: B

Penguin d

b

d

s/d

u

u

W

B0d -

+

Vus/d

Vub

Tree

• Simplest charmless rare decay modes• Tree - Penguin interference Direct CP Violation

Key prediction of Kobayashi-Maskawa model

Key prediction of Kobayashi-Maskawa model

Strong support of KM

_ _ (B f ) (B f ) _ _ (B f ) (B f )

ACP =

B0d

d

b

du

u

W

g +

-

Vts/dVtb

ts/d

Observation in B

ACP(B0 K)ACP(B0 K)

2nd Evidence for DCPV at Belle ! [A() 3.2]

ACP = -0.101 0.025 0.005 [PID efficiency bias correction: A = -0.01 0.004]

274M BB New

3.9 significance[submitted to PRL]

B0 K _B0 K

Signal: 2139 53

0

0

BB K

K

0.133 0.030 0.009 CPA

Signal (227 pairs): 1606 51M BB hep-ex/0408057, submitted to PRL

BBAABBARARBBAABBARAR

Average of Belle and BaBar

0.114 0.020 CPA

4.2

> 5

ACP(B0 K)ACP(B0 K)

First established Direct CPV in B decays !

227M BB

ACP(B K)ACP(B K)

ACP(K) = 0.04 0.05 0.02

274M BB New

K: 728 53

Large EW penguin (Z0) ? New Physics ?

_d

d

K

u u

B sb

Average 0.049 0.040 CPA hint that ACP(K) ACP(K) ? (3.6)

0.06 0.06 0.06 (BaBar, 227M)

New physics Search :New physics Search :

b

dsd

X ss

KS

b

dsd

t ss

KS

_B0 +

b sqq b sqq--

“sin21”= 0.96 0.51

B0 Ks

3.5 deviation from the SM !Belle @LP03

68 ev

B0 K0B0 K0

Similar to J/KL recon.+ sophisticated continuum suppression

includes Ks (Nsig=13 5)

KS

Nsig=139 14purity 0.63

pB*

Nsig= 36 15

KL

purity 0.17

274M BB

B0 K0 : CPV ResultB0 K0 : CPV Result

K0

KS + KL

: S (K0) = +0.06 0.33 0.09

A (K0) = +0.08 0.22 0.09 ~2.2 away from SM

KS + KL

: S (K0) = +0.06 0.33 0.09

A (K0) = +0.08 0.22 0.09 ~2.2 away from SM

Good tags

Poor tags

S = 0.736fit Good tags

274M BB

S = +0.65 0.18 0.04 A = 0.19 0.11 0.05

B0’KSB0’KS

’KS

Nsig=512 27purity 0.61

Raw

Asy

mm

etry

Good tags

S = 0.736fit

high statistics modes

’

( , )

274M BB

0

0

0 27 0.14 0.03

0 21 0.10 0 03S

S

CP K

K

S .

C . .

sin 2 [ ]@3.0cc

0 0 SB K0 0 SB K Signal: 819 38

BBAABBARARBBAABBARAR

208 pairs M BB 208 pairs M BB

0

0

0 0 0

,,

,SK

(~0.5@SM)

Averages for sin2 and s-penguin modes

3.6s from s-penguin to sin2b

(cc)

No sign of Direct CP in averages

Radiative & EW PenguinsRadiative & EW Penguins

EW

~1/100

Loops Sensitive to New Physics

K* TCPV

Br, ACP ~SM

b s penguin

b sl+l penguin

b d penguin

l+

l

B K(*) l+lB K(*) l+l

79 10signals

82 11signals

[Belle-conf-0415]

B (Kll)= (5.50 0.27 0.02)

274M BB

0.750.70

B (K*ll)= (16.5 0.9 0.4 )2.32.2

>10 signalsupdate

LP03: B Xsll, K(*)ll : first observed by Belle, confirmed by BaBar Br, ACP ~SM

x 10-7

B K* l+l:FB Asymmetry B K* l+l:FB Asymmetry

( / 2) ( / 2)

( / 2) ( / 2)Bl Bl

FB

Bl Bl

A

AFB(K*ll ) : very sensitive to NP

that may not be seen in B(bs

First Look ![Belle-conf-0415]

274M BB

raw AFB

K*

q2

q2

Discovery of CPV in B decays

Study of NP effect in B and decays

Identification of SUSY breaking mechanism

time or

integrated luminosity

Yes!!

sin21, CPV in B,3, Vub, Vcb, bs,bsll, new states etc.

AnomalousCPV in bsss

NP discoveredat LHC(2010?)

Now340 fb-1

if NP=SUSY

Road Map of B Physics

Precise test of SMand search for NP

Physics Program at Super-B

Global Analysis of Global Analysis of B PhysicsB Physics

(Study of New Physics Scenario)(Study of New Physics Scenario)

New CPV phaseNew CPV phase0 0, ,...B K K

* , SB K X

FCNC decaysFCNC decays

(*) , SB K X SB X

LFV decaysLFV decays

, B (*)B D

Higgs SearchHiggs Search

Precision CKMPrecision CKM0

1sin 2 ( / )B J K

2sin 2 ( , , )B

3 ( )B DK

( ) ( )| | ( )ub cb u cV B X

Investigating SUSY in flavor physics• MSSM parameters > 100 !• The squark/slepton mass matrix

– Sensitive to SUSY breaking mechanism. – New sources of flavor mixing

2q ij

m

211m 2

12m 213m

221m 2

22m 223m

231m 2

32m 233m

Baryon asymmetry ?

Mass+mixing angle+phase

iq jqiq jq

2q 23(13)(m )

Physics at Super-B = SUSY Flavor PhysicsIts importance is independent of LHC results.

(VCKM could not be pin down only with energy frontier)

Off-diagonal termsFlavor Physics Luminosity frontier

Diagonal terms:LHC/ILC Energy frontier

Super-KEKB

Crab cavity

Super-KEKB(major upgrade)

1.4x1034

280 fb-1

5x1034

1 ab-1

5x1035

10 ab-1

Lpeak (cm-2s-1)Lint

Projection ofKEKB luminosity

Taget Luminosity5x1035 cm-2s-1

5x109 BB/year !!

& also +-

Expected Precision

Mode S error Signif.K0 0.079 4.9

’K0 0.049 6.4

K+K-

K0

0.056 3.5

S theory errorK0: ~0.05h’K0: ~0.10

Statistical significance w/ the present central value

K0 (input S=+0.24)

Expectation at 5ab-1

J/ KS0

Bd- unitarity

m(Bs) B->Ks B->Ms indirect CP

b->s direct CP

mSUGRA- - - - - +

SU(5)SUSY GUT + R

(degenerate)

- + + - + -

SU(5)SUSY GUT + R

(non-degenerate)

- - + ++ +++

U(2) Flavor symmetry + + + ++ ++ ++

Unitarity triangle Rare decay Y.Okada

Pattern of the deviation from the SM prediction

++: Large, +: sizable, -: small

Acp(BKs) vs SUSY models

mSUGURAtan=30

U(2)tan=30

SU(5)+R

tan=30degenerate

SU(5)+R

tan=30non-degenerate

( )gm GeV

Acp

mix

5ab-1

50ab-1

280fb-1

Acp が比較的小さければ早期にズレははっきりする。その場合、 M(gluino)~500GeV を示唆する。

Acp(BXs) vs SUSY models

mSUGURAtan=30

U(2)tan=30

SU(5)+R

tan=30degenerate

SU(5)+R

tan=30non-degenerate

( )gm GeV

mSUGURAtan=30

U(2)tan=30

SU(5)+R

tan=30degenerate

SU(5)+R

tan=30non-degenerate

( )gm GeV

Mixing CPVDirect CPV

Acp

dir

Acp

mix

5ab-1 50ab-1

5ab-1 では M(gluino)=1TeV, 50ab-1 では 2TeV まで攻める。

FB asymmetry in bsl+l-

• Sensitive probe for NP (theoretically clean)

*10 9 7( ( ) ( ) )eff

FBA C sC s r s C

B

B

NP10C

NP9C

Br(BXs), 0+(BK*)

7C <0

Bound from present Br(Xsl+l-) SUSY Scan (MFV)

SM(0,0)

12

3

1

2

3

SMFBA

s

FB asymmetry in bsl+l- (cont’d)• Present status (250fb-1)

• At Super-B

MC (5ab-1) MC (50ab-1)

Identify rough pattern (sign flip bet. low q2/high q2)

C9~10%, C10~14%まで制限可能

どこで Zero-cross するか？

PID （ / ）も重要。Branching fraction の dilepton mass 分布の測定も有効。

Full reconstruction• 片側の B 中間子を完全再構成して反対側の B 崩壊を tag する。• 特に、を含む崩壊の精密測定や探索に威力。 e+e- B factory でのみ

可能。

e+(3.5GeV)

Interesting decays•B → ul•B → •B → D•etcfull tagging

e- (8GeV) Υ(4S)

B

B

“オフライン B中間子ビーム”運動量、電荷、フレーバー既知

• B D: 12 observation at 5 ab-1.

• BK: 5 observation at 50ab-1.

Charged Higgs 探索• B(leptonic decay)

2tanM m

( )tan cotb c um m

b

u H/W

tanm

2 2 2 22

2( ) 1

8F B B

bB

Hu

G m m f mB V

mr

22

21 tan B

H

H

mr

m

Present status

Charged Higgs 探索• BD(semileptonic decay)

cb

H/W

( )tan cotb c um m

tanm

( )

( )

B D vB

B D v

バンド幅： Form-factor による不定性

• Signal large missing mass• Expected at 5ab-1

Mode Nsig Nbkg dB/B

280 550 7.9%

620 3600

0 ( )D

0 ( )D h

Sensitivity for charged Higgs

(Fo

rm-f

acto

r) ~

5%

(For

m-facto

r) ~15

% 現

状

BD

現在の B による制限

BXs による制限

LHC100fb-1

LHC との先陣争い。

(form-factor) は現在の BDで測定可能

Lepton Flavor Violation

Tau lepton• The heaviest lepton

• 3rd generation

B-factory = “Tau-factory”• () ~ (BB)• 5x109 pairs at 5ab-1

LFV in neutrino sector already seen (at maximal

mixing).

⇒LFV in charged leptons ?

LFV in neutrino sector already seen (at maximal

mixing).

⇒LFV in charged leptons ?

Enhancement in the rateex.) Br()~104-5 x Br(e)

Rare decay sensitivity at O(10-9)

Both 32()/31(e) transition can be explored ⇒slepton flavor structure.

Belle ()

measurements• Present Belle results (86fb-1, 7.9x107 t-pairs)

– Br() < 3.1 x 10-7 (90%CL)– Br(e) < 3.8 x 10-7 (90%CL)

Expected signal distribution

Background

Mis-id ()

generic

Escape from missing mass cut

Improvement• Analysis (selection criteria, cut analysis likelihood analysis)• Particle ID (better rejection of fake)• energy resolution

Tau LFV search (pastfuture)

First result

600/fb at B-factory

Expected sensitivity for →

Simple extrapolationfrom the present

w/ improvement

Search region enters into O(10-810-9)

Extrapolationw/ improvement

l

l’

3l

l Ks

B

• SUSY + Seasaw– Flavor violation by -Yukawa coupling.– Large LFV

/e

Br()=O(10-7~9) ( )e

0

( )e2

23(13)l(m ) 2

32

4

262

( a101

) t nL

L

SUSY

BTeV

m

mr

m

Similar for e case

0tanβ=30,A =0,μ>0Gaugino mass = 200GeV

Present Belle Super-B 探索可能な領域　 (max. ) 2

32Lm

in SUSY GUT

2 3

R L

i(φ -φ )2 2d l23 23

m m e

SU(5) GUT+RSquark/slepton mass matrix relation

Correlation to Acpmix(BXs) and Acp

mix(BKs)

These correlations provides non-trivial test of SUSY GUT

gm

0m

CKM fit• Determine () only by tree

processes (SM dominant).

– |Vub| from bul

– 3 from BDK

• Compare it with () determined through

– |Vtd| from BB mixing, i.e. Md

– 1 from BJ/KS

• This gives M12=M12SM+M12

NP

3 from BDK 1 from BJ/KS

|Vub| |Vtd|

UT at Super-B

5 ab-1 50 ab-11

3

sin 2 0.019

( ) 0.011 0.026

| | 5.8%

4

B d

ub

f B

V

1

3

sin 2 0.014

( ) 0.005 0.015

| | 4.4%

1.2

B d

ub

f B

V

Vub & 3

sin21 & md

Vub & 3

sin21 & md

UT vs SUSY models

3 (degree)

m(Bs)/m(Bd)

mSUGRAtan=30

U(2)tan=30

SU(5)+R

tan=30degenerate

SU(5)+R

tan=30non-degenerate

5ab-1

50ab-1

Summary-1• New CPV phase の発見可能性

– 中心値による– 5ab-1 で可能（ 2012 年頃？）– Bsss 平均については 1ab-1 でも可（ 2007 年）

KS

K+K-KS

bsss

’KS

K*

“ ずれ” >5 となる領域 1ab-1 5ab-1 50ab-1

S

SM

Summary-22005 2010 2015

Acp<0 or 小　なら早期発見もありうる。M(gluino)~500GeV を示唆 2TeV まで可能。

1ab-1 5ab-1 10ab-1

50ab-1 へKEKBSuper-KEKB

Charged HiggsBD

発見の可能性はある（ tan 大）。LHC が 100fb-1 貯める前に逃げ切る。

Discovery phase Investigation phase

LHC

New CPV phase

bsss Ks, ’Ks

決着claim

K*

LFVl,l.lll ~5x10-8 ~1x10-8 ~5x10-9

発見の可能性大。発見なら精密測定を目指す（検出器改良）。

確認

SU(5), mSUGRA?Study of NP scenario

Global B Analysis

MSUSY 小 MSUSY 大見つからない？

Discovery:

　 Super-B は、ループ効果による新粒子探索のフロンティア New Physics の間接発見をできる可能性は十分にある。

Discovery:

　 Super-B は、ループ効果による新粒子探索のフロンティア New Physics の間接発見をできる可能性は十分にある。

結論

Investigation:

Super-B で、種々のフレーバー遷移過程を測定することによって、 New Physics scenario の検証が可能。

Investigation:

Super-B で、種々のフレーバー遷移過程を測定することによって、 New Physics scenario の検証が可能。

2009 年前後に Super-B へのアップグレードを行えば、上記のような研究を LHC 実験と同時期にできる。2009 年前後に Super-B へのアップグレードを行えば、上記のような研究を LHC 実験と同時期にできる。

Super-B の物理の重要性は LHC/ILC と補完的。 LHC でSUSY が見つからない（或いは重い）場合、 Super-B の物理はさらに重要。

FCNC ＋ LFV

Super-B の物理の重要性は LHC/ILC と補完的。 LHC でSUSY が見つからない（或いは重い）場合、 Super-B の物理はさらに重要。

FCNC ＋ LFV

Interaction regionCrab crossing = 30 mrady* = 3 mmNew QCS

Super-KEKB upgrades

New beam pipe

Damping ring

More rf power

LOI (Jan 04) for SuperKEKB [http://belle.kek.jp/superb/]

Ante-chamber & solenoid coils for reduction of electron cloud

Linac upgrade

2004 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12

KEKB SuperKEKB1000fb-1

Calendar year

Crab cavity

KEKBmachine

SuperKEKB const.

J-PARC 1 construction ILC constructionConstruct.fund

“Minor” upgrade “Major” upgradeBelle

Operationfund

T2K

HEP Scenario in Japan

Possible Timeline for Super PEP Program

LOI

Construct upgrades for

L = 5-7x1035

-1~10 ab / yrLdt

Super-B Progra

m

CDR

Installation

R&D, Design, Proposals and

Approvals

P5

Construction

2001 2003 2010200820062005

Planned PEP-II Program

-1140 f bLdt -1500 f bLdt -1~1 2 abLdt

(June 30, 2003) (End 2006) (PEP-II ultimate)

Commission

2012

Super B Operation

2011

結論とまとめ結論とまとめ BB ファクトリーはこれまで．．．ファクトリーはこれまで．．．

BB 中間子における中間子における CPVCPV の発見、精密測定の発見、精密測定 ユニタリティ三角形の決定ユニタリティ三角形の決定 直接的直接的 CPVCPV の発見の発見 ｂｂｓペンギンにおける異常ｓペンギンにおける異常 CPVCPV ：新しい物理？：新しい物理？ 新しい共鳴の発見、４新しい共鳴の発見、４ -quark-quark ？？ BB の稀崩壊の系統的研究の稀崩壊の系統的研究

この延長としてこの延長として Super-BSuper-B を提案を提案 異常異常 CPVCPV の確立と精密測定の確立と精密測定 ｂｂ ssllll などの測定によるループの直接測定などの測定によるループの直接測定 CKMCKM の精密な決定の精密な決定 LFVLFV 、、 HH±± の探索の探索

．．．などによって、新しいフレーバー混合と ．．．などによって、新しいフレーバー混合と CPVCPVを解明を解明

SLACSLAC と協調し、新たな実験グループの創設へと協調し、新たな実験グループの創設へ ILCILC と干渉しない国内計画として適正規模と干渉しない国内計画として適正規模