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v chng ta khng m mt nc, hai ct, v.v. m phi m quan v ong m nhng th .Danh t tp hp l danh t ch mt nhm vt hoc ngi vi tcch l mt n v, t chc. V d: Family, team, crew. Khi danht tp hp lm ch ng, ng t i vi chng c th chia s t

hoc s nhiu, nhng thng c chia s nhiu.

- Xt trn phng din ngha, danh t c th chia lm 4 nhm l:Type ExampleCommonnouns

Teachers, mountain

Proper

nouns

January, Nike, Harry

Potter, New York,Vietnam

Concretenouns

Chairs, computers,birds,

Abstractnoun

Love, situation,difficulty, anger

Danh t chung (common nouns): ch tn cc s vic hin tngni chung V d: teacher, mountainsDanh t ring (proper nouns): ch tn gi ring ca 1 s vt hayhin tng c th nh tn ring ca cng ty, tn quc gia, tnngi, tn a danh, thng hiu, schDanh t ch vt hay s vt c th, c th cm thy, nhn thy,nghe thy, ngi thy (concrete nouns) mt cch vt cht, v d :Mr. John, chair, treeDanh t tru tng (abstract nouns) ch cc s vt hin tngnh ngh, cm xc, khi nim

- Khi s dng danh t ting Anh, chng ta cn ch mt s imsau:

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UncountableConcrete Nouns

water, air, oil, sugar,salt, rice, cheese etc.

CountableConcrete Nouns

singular -chair,computer, song,

windowplural - chairs,computers, songs,windows

UncountableAbstract Nouns

Love, sympathy,anger, happiness

CountableAbstract Nouns

singular idea,concept, initiative,challenge

plural - ideas,concepts, initiatives,challenges

Th nht, Quan nim cho rng cc danh t ch s vt, vt cht cth (concrete nouns) thng l danh t m c v cc danh ttru tng (abstract nouns) thng l khng m c l sai.Nhiu danh t ch vt cht c th nh water, salt, sugar li l danht khng m c, v nhiu danh t tru tng nh ideas,

concept li l danh t m cTh 2, cng mt danh t, nhng vi ngha hoc kha cnh nghakhc nhau, c th thuc l danh t m c hay khng mc.

V d:

He has a lot ofchickens in the farm.(anh ta c rt nhiu g trong trang tri)

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http://www.english-the-easy-way.com/Nouns/Uncountable_Nouns.htmhttp://www.english-the-easy-way.com/Nouns/Uncountable_Nouns.htmhttp://www.english-the-easy-way.com/Nouns/Countable_Nouns.htmhttp://www.english-the-easy-way.com/Nouns/Countable_Nouns.htmhttp://www.english-the-easy-way.com/Nouns/Uncountable_Nouns.htmhttp://www.english-the-easy-way.com/Nouns/Uncountable_Nouns.htmhttp://www.english-the-easy-way.com/Nouns/Countable_Nouns.htmhttp://www.english-the-easy-way.com/Nouns/Countable_Nouns.htmhttp://www.english-the-easy-way.com/Nouns/Countable_Nouns.htmhttp://www.english-the-easy-way.com/Nouns/Countable_Nouns.htmhttp://www.english-the-easy-way.com/Nouns/Uncountable_Nouns.htmhttp://www.english-the-easy-way.com/Nouns/Uncountable_Nouns.htmhttp://www.english-the-easy-way.com/Nouns/Countable_Nouns.htmhttp://www.english-the-easy-way.com/Nouns/Countable_Nouns.htmhttp://www.english-the-easy-way.com/Nouns/Uncountable_Nouns.htmhttp://www.english-the-easy-way.com/Nouns/Uncountable_Nouns.htm

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Trong v d ny, t chicken c ngha l con g v l danh t mc

I put some chicken in the sandwich.(Ti kp mt t tht g vo trong bnh xnguch).

Trong v d ny t chicken dng vi ngha tht g (cht liu, bphn) th n li tr thnh khng m c

She has practiced singing this song manytimes.T time trong cu ny c ngha l ln/ hoc lt v l danh tm c

She doesnt have time to waste.T time trong cu trn ngha l thi gian v l danh t khng mc.

Bng di y tng kt mt s danh t thuc nhm ny:Danh t(Noun)

Type Meaning Example

Noise Countable A specific noise(ting ng)

Did you hear anoise in thekitchen?

Uncountable

Noise in general(s n o)

I cant work here.There s too muchnoise.

Paper Countable Newspaper (t

bo)

I am reading a

paper.Uncountable

A material towrite on (giy)

Can you give mesome paper to writeon?

Room Countable A definedarea/room in abuilding (phng)

You can stay withus. We have aspare room.

Uncountabl Space (khng You cant sit here.

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e gian, ch trng) There isnt room.Experience

Countable Things that apersons haveexperienced ( skin tri

nghim)

I had someinterestingexperiences in mytrip to England.

Uncountable

What you havelearnt from yourpast (kinhnghim)

They offered me thejob because I had alot of experience.

Hair Countable one single hair (si tc)

There is a hair inmy soup!

Uncountable

All of hair onyour head (mitc)

Your hair isbeautiful!

Light Countable A device thatproduce light(n)

I thought you are inthe room becausethere was a light oninside.

Uncountable

The energy thatmakes itpossible to seethings( nh sng)

Light comes fromthe sun.

Glass Countable A container made of glass(cc thy tinh)

Can you give me aglass of beer?

Uncountable

A hard andusuallytransparentsubstance(thy tinh)

Glass is hard to cut.

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Th 3, mt danh t c th ng thi thuc v nhiu nhm trongcc nhm phn loi k trn.V d:Dog l danh t chung ch s vt vt cht c th m c(common concrete countable noun)

Mr. Ken Johnson l danh t ring ch s vt vt cht c th(concrete proper noun)

Bi tp thc hnh:Hy c on di y v xc nh nhm ca cc danh t cgch di. Ch l mt danh t c th ng thi thuc nhiunhm khc nhau.

In the United States, people greet each other with a handshake ina formal introduction. The handshake must be firm. If thehandshake is weak, it is a sign of weakness or unfriendliness.Friends may place a hand on the others arm or shoulder. Somepeople, usually women, greet a friend with a hug.

p n:

Noun Commonnoun

ProperNoun

Abstract

Concrete

Collective

Countable

Uncountable

United

States

people handshake

introduction

sign weaknes

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sunfriendliness

Friends hand

arm shoulder women hug

- United States l danh t ring ( proper noun) ch mt quc gia cth c o m v vt cht (concrete noun) v l danh t tphp v n ch mt quc gia bao gm nhiu c nhn thnh phn vvng lnh th.- Introduction v sign l cc danh t chung (common nouns), c ngha tru tng (abstracts) v l danh t m c ( countablenouns)- Weakness v unfriendliness l cc danh t chung (commonnouns), c ngha tru tng (abstracts) v l danh t khngm c ( countable nouns)Cc t cn li (gm people, handshake, friends, hand, arm,shoulder, women, v hug) u l danh t chung (common nouns),ch s vt, con ngi c th ( concrete nouns) v l danh t mc.

1. DANH T S T V DANH T S NHIU(SINGULAR NOUNS AND PLURAL NOUNS)

Cch hnh thnh s nhiu ca danh t n l thm "s" vo uidanh t s t.

Singular Noun +s = Plural Noun

Door

DoorsTuy nhin c mt s trng hp cn ch nh sau:

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Th nht:Khi chuyn danh t s t kt thc bng ph m st nh /s/, /z/, //,//, /t/,or /d/ v mt s danh t kt thc bng ch ci o th tathm es c danh t s nhiu

Singular nouns ends in a sibilant sound and some nouns ends in ao:N + es = Plural NounDish DishesHeroHeroes

Khi chuyn danh t s t kt thc bng ch ci y th ta chuyn y

thnh I v thm es c danh t s nhiu- Singular nouns ends in a yNy i+ es= Plural NounTh 2:Mt s danh t kt thc bng s nhng li l danh t khng mc. v dUncountable nouns ending with s:News, chaos, physics, economics, athletics, electronics,mathematics, politics, gymnastics

Mt s danh t khc kt thc bng s l danh t m c v cdng thc khng thay i c s t v s nhiuCountable noun ending with s in both singular and pluralforms:Means, series, species

Th3:

Mt s danh t khng kt thc bng s v khng thay i dngthc c s t v s nhiu

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Nouns that spell their singular and plural exactly alike:deer, moose, sheep, bison, salmon, pike, trout, fish, swine

Mt s danh t thay i cch vit v cch c khi chuyn t s tsang s nhiu

Nouns that changes in both writing and pronunciation inplural form:

Foot feet child children

Index indices oxe oxen

Mouse mice Woman women

Bi tp thc hnh:Chn phng n (A hoc B) honh thnh cu.

1. My eyesight isnt very good. I need A. a glass B. glasses

2 .... is a group of animals or plants that have the samecharacteristics.A. A species B. species3. While we were out walking, we saw many differentof bird.A. A species B. species4. The bicycle is of transport.

A. means B. a means5. The bicycle and the car are of transport.A. means B. a means

p n:

Cu 1. p n l B. glasses (knh mt)

Vi ngha ny, danh t glasses lun s nhiu.

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Cu 2. p n l A. a speciesV ng t i vi n chia s t nn danh t lm ch ng cngphi s t.Cu 3. p n l B. species (s nhiu) v danh t ng saumany lun l danh t m c s nhiu.

Cu 4. p n l B. a meansCu ny s dng ng t lin h theo mu: S+ V+ Noun. Ngcnh v cu trc cu cho thy danh t cn in l s t hp svi ch ng v ng t.Cu 5. tng t, Cu ny s dng ng t lin h theo mu: S+V+ Noun. Ng cnh v cu trc cu cho thy danh t cn in ls nhiu v ch ng v ng t u s nhiu

Vic hnh thnh s nhiu ca danh t ghp ph thuc vophng thc ghp t. Chng ta c nhiu cch ghp cc t ringl to thnh mt danh t ghp.

Mt l, dng s nhiu p dng cho ton n v, ch khng pdng cho tng thnh t, ngha l chng ta ch thm "s" mt ln

vo cui t ghp y. l nhng t ghp thuc hai loi sau y:(a) N + N (danh t + danh t), v dbed + room = bedroom (s t) v bedrooms (s nhiu). Trnghp ny c ngoi l nh: woman teacher (s t) ---> womenteachers (s nhiu), tc l trng hp c hai thnh t u thm"s"(b) V + Adv (ng t + trng t, v d)

break + down = breakdown (s t) v breakdowns (s nhiu)

Hai l, dng s nhiu p dng cho danh t trong t ghp, nuphng thc ghp l(c) Noun + Prepositional phrase (danh t + cm gii t ), v dmother + in law = mother-in-law (s t) v mothers-in-law (snhiu)

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Ba l, dng s nhiu p dng cho danh t cu to t ng tthm -er, nh runner, v d trong danh t ghp bao gm danh tloi runnerv sau n l mt trng t, v d:(d) V-er + Adv (ng t + er + trng t)pass + er + by =passer-by(s t) vpassers-by(s nhiu)

2. DNG S HU CA DANH T (THE POSSESSIVE FORM)

Chng ta u bit danh t c hai dng s hu, dng s hu vi 'sv dng s hu vi "of". V dmy friend's house, the dog's tail, the legs of the chairs, thewindows of the bedroom, ...

hai v d ny chng ta thy dng s hu: apostrophe + s dngcho ngi v sc vt, cn vi vt chng ta dng dng of. Tuynhin chng cng khng hon ton ch c th. cho d nhchng ta hy thng k trng hp no ta dng dng "apostrophe+ s" v trng hp no ta dng "of".

Dng 's Dng of dng hu ca ngi v

sc vt:my mother's motobikethe bird's nest

dng s hu ca vtthe end of the film (not: thefilm's end)the top of the mountain

dng s hu i vi thi gianyesterday's news

dng s hu i vi mtkhong thi gian

a two days' seminar

ngi s hu khng phich l mt danh t m lmt cm t hoc mnh di

In the hall hung the coatsofallthe people attending thereception

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nhng danh t ch nh, cahng

We'll start our journey at Xun's(nh)Is there a shoemaker's (ca

hng giy) in Hang Bi street?We ate at Sunrise's (nh hng)

Ch :

(1) i vi ng vt, ngi ta cng c th dng s hu vi of. Vd:

the territory of the lion(2) Dng s hu i vi mt khong thi gian c ba cch dnga. a three weeks' holidayb. a holiday of three weeksc. a three-week holiday

3) C nhng trng hp ngi ta c th dng c hai dng ty

chn. l nhng trng hp danh t khng ch trc tip ngis hu nhng li ni v hot ng ca con ngi, hoc v tchc ca con ngi, v d nhng danh t ch a im, cng tyhoc bo ch. V d:

England's castlesthe castles of England

the company's head quarterthe head quarter of the company

the magazine's political viewthe political view of the magazine

Mt s cu minh ho cho cch dng s hu ca danh t:

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1. I'm calling to say that I'll arrive in ten minutes' time.2. My house is only about fiffteen minutes' drive from here.3. I have a book withphotos of some modern bridges.

Trong nhng cu trn chng ta gp nhng hin tng sau y:mt l, mt chuyn i bng t mt 15 pht., ta dng 's vikhong thi gian a fiffteen minutes' drive. Hai l, nhng bc nhca mt s cy cu hin i, ta dng s hu vi "of" v y shu ca vtphotos of some moderrn bridges.

3. MI QUAN H GIA NG T V DANH T (THE

RELATIONBETWEEN VERBS AND NOUNS)

Khi mt t ng ring l, nhiu khi chng ta khng xc nh cn l danh t hay ng t. V d drink. Nhng khi ng trong cuth chc nng ca n rt r rngI want soft drink (N)

He drinks (V) beer

Tuy nhin, c nhng t vi c hai chc nng danh t v ng tchng u c ngha nh nhau. V dThe result(N) of the match was 2-1 (Kt qu trn u l 2-1)His efforts resulted (V) in success (S c gng ca anh ta dnn kt qu l anh ta thnh cng)

C nhng danh t khi dng nh mt ng t th n i ngha. Vd:Fire -la, m chy. V d: He discovered the fire. (Anh ta phthin ra m chy)to fire bn. V d khu lnh"Fire!" ordered the captain. (Vin i u ra lnh "Bn!")

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C mt s danh t khi chuyn sang ng t, phi thm ui, vd:uien, length (chiu di) ---> to lengthen (ko di ra)

Ngc li, mt s ng t khi chuyn sang danh t th phi thm

ui. V d:ui -ingDance (verb): ma dancing (noun): ngh ma

ui ationInvite(verb): mi invitation(noun): li mi

Bi tp thc hnh:

Hy c on li bi ht sau y v ch xc nh xem cc danht c gch di l m c hay khng m c, danh tchung hay danh t ring, danh t c th hay tru tng, danh tghp hay danh t n. Hy xem chng ng vai tr tn ng, bng hay ch ng trong cu.

I m a very famous actor,A real-life movie star.Tomorrow nigh is Oscarnight.Ill go there in my car.I ll stand there on the carpet,I ll give the Press a wave.My bodyguard will be there,

And he will keep me safe.

Ill sign a lot ofautographs,Ill shake hands with my fans.They ll love me and adore meIm such a handsome man.

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