baocaotimhieu kiemthu v.2.0

7/31/2019 BaocaoTimhieu Kiemthu v.2.0

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Nhm 2 - LpCNTT.Qun 5 Mn Qun l d n phn mm1

BO CO TM HIU

CC HNH THC KIM THPHN MM

Nhm 2Lp CNTT.Qun 5

1. Trn Thanh Nguyn Duy2. Trn Th i Duyn3. Trn Th Vinh Hin4. Nguyn Trn Kim Hng5. Nguyn Vn Long

GV hng dn: Thy Lng Trn Hy Hin


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L DO CHN BO CO1. Ty theo chng trnh o to, m mi gio

trnh c cch gi khc nhau i vi khi nim:cc k thut kim th, cc phng php kimth, cc hnh thc kim th, chin lc kimth.

2. Qua tm hiu nhm h thng ha c khinim Cc hnh thckim thphnmm theocch gi thng dngnht.


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NI DUNG BO COI. Tng quan vkimthphnmm.II. Cc hnh thckimthphnmm.


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Chyu phn tch cc khi nimvkimth v cc hnh thckim th m nhmtm hiuc.

Cha i su vic thit k test casengvitng hnh thckimth.

PHM VI BO CO


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* Ti liu tham kho

thc hin c bo co tm hiu ny,

nhm chng ti tm hiu v tham khotrn cc ti liunh sau:

1. Bi 07 trong Bigingmn NMCNPMcaThyLngTrn HyHin.

2. Cc bivit,tholunvkimthtrnwebsite http://www.testingvn.com/


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I. Tng quan v kim th phn mm

1. Kim th phn mm l g?2. Mc ch ca kim th.

3. Mt s nguyn tc kim th.

4. Cc giai on kim th.


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I.1. Kim th phn mm l g? Kim th phn mm c nhiu cch nh

ngha khc nhau. Nhng u bao hm haini dung cbn l: phthinliv nh gichtlngcaphnmm.

nh ngha ca Myers: Kim th l tin

trnh thc thichng trnhvimcchtmthyli.


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Mcchthnht(Kimththiu st):

- khm ph li hay thiu st trong phnmm m do phn mm hnh x khngng hay khng tun th theo ctca n.

- Mt test thnh cng l mt test lm cho h

thng thi hnh khng ng v do l rathiu st trong hthng.

I.2. Mc ch ca kim th


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Mcchth hai (Kimthhpl):

- trnh din cho lp trnh vin v khchhng rngphnmmtha mn yu cucan.

- Mt test thnh cng nu n ch ra rng h

thnghotngnh mun.

I.2. Mc ch ca kim th


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I.3. Mt s nguyn tc kim th Kimthphiclpkhoch.

Mt ca kim th phi nh ngha kt qumong mun. Cc ca kim th nn c thit k cho c

nhngdliu vo hpl v khng hpl.

Mt ca kim th tt l ca kim th c khnng cao pht hinnhnglichac tmthy


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I.3. Mt s nguyn tc kim th Kimth nn cthchinbimt nhm

clpvi nhm pht trin. p cc ktqu tnh ton phihoc l qu ln

hoc l qu nh. Ktqukimthphickim tra mt cch cnthn.

Cc hotngkim thphic tch hpvo tin trnh pht trinphnmm.


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I.4. Cc giai on kim th- Cch gi khc: cp/mckimth

- Cc cpkimthcbngm:1. Kimthnv (Unit Testing).

2. Kimth tch hp (Integration Testing).

3. Kimthhthng (System Testing).4. Kimthchpnhn (Acceptance Testing).


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I.4. Cc giai on kim th- Ngoi ra cn c cc cp kim th

khc nh:1. Kimthhi quy (Regression Testing).

2. Kimth tnh ng (Correctness Testing).


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II. Cc hnh thc kim th phn mm1. Theo T chc thm nh v KTPM quc

t-ISTBQ) c hai hnh thc l:

1.1. Kimthtnh1.2. Kimthng

2. Theo khi nim thng thng c ba hnhthc l:

2.1. Kimthhpen.2.2. Kimthhptrng.2.3. Kimthhp xm.


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II.1.1. Kim th tnh (Static testing) Kimthtnh l mt hnh thccakimthphn

mm m phn mm khng c s dng. N

khng kim th chi tit m ch yu kim tra tnhng n ca m lnh (code), thut ton hay tiliu.

Chyukim tra c php ca code: kim tra xemcode c cvit theo ng tiu chun code; hocti liu tm li bng cch th cng (s dnggiy, bt kim tra logic, ln tng chi tit mkhng cnchychng trnh).


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II.1.1. Kim th tnh (Static testing) C thcsdngbinhngngi lp

trnh lm vicmt cch clp. Kim th tnh cng c th c t ng

ha thng qua bphnmm bao gm ccchng trnh c phn tch bimt thng

dch vin hoc mt trnh bin dch khngnh tnh hp l v c php ca chngtrnh.


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II.1.2. Kim th ng (Dymatic testing) L hnh thckimthphnmm thng qua

vic dng my chy chng trnh iutra trng thi tc ngcachng trnh.

Kimthng bao gm: lm vicviphnmm,nhp cc gi tru vo v kim tra

xem u ra c nh mong mun hay khng.


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II.1.2. Kim th ng (Dymatic testing)

Trong kim thng,phnmmphithcsc bin dch v chy.

S dng cc cp kim th ( nu phn I.4) thchin trong qu trnh kim

thng.


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II.2.1. Kim th hp en (Black box testing)

Cn gi l kthutkimthchcnng.

D liukim thcxut pht tc tphnmm, bao gm:

-ct yu cu(trong giai onkimthhthng)

-ctthitk(trong giai onkimth tch hp)

-ct chi tit m un(trong giai onkimthnv)


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Tester khng cn phi c kin thc v

ngn ng lp trnh, mi trng pht trinphnmm, cc h QT.CSDL,

Tester thao tc cc chc nng ca h

thng nh l mt ngi s dng hthng.


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Cc loi hnh kim th hp en thng dng:

- Kim th giao din (Interface testing)- Kim th kh nng chu ng ca h thng(Stress testing)

- Kim th pht hnh (Release testing)

- Kim th Alpha, Kim th Beta,

V d minh ha kim th giao din:


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thc hin kim th hp en, cc Tester s

dng cc phng php sau:- Phn lp tng ng (Equivalence partitioning).

- Phn tch gi tr bin (Boundary value analysis).

- Kim th tt c cc cp (All-pairs testing).

- Kim th Fuzz (Fuzz testing).


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thc hin kim th hp en, cc Tester sdng cc phng php sau:

- Kim th da trn model (Model-based testing).

- Ma trn du vt (Traceability matrix).

- Kim th thm d (Exploratory testing).

- Kim th da vo c t / chc nng(Specification-base testing).


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II.2.2. Kim th hp trng (White box testing) Cn gi l kthutkimthcu trc. Kim tra tnh logic v cu trc ca m

ngun. Kim tra ttc cc trnghp c thxy ra

trong m ngun (cu trc iu khin, cutrc lp,)

Testercnphi c kin thcv ngn ng lptrnh, mi trng pht trinphnmm, cc hQT.CSDL,


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II.2.2. Kim th hp trng (White box testing)

Cc loi hnh kim th hp trng thng dng:

- Kim th b phn(Component testing)- Kim th lp i tng(Object class testing)

V d minh ha kim th b phn:


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thc hin kim th hp trng, cc Testers dng cc phng php sau:

- Bao ph m lnh (Code coverage).

- Gn li (Fault injection methods).

- Kim th hon chuyn (Mutation testing methods).

- Kim th tnh (Fuzz testing).

- Kim th giao din lp trnh ng dng(API testing-Application programming interface)


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II.2.3. Kim th hp xm (Gray box testing)

L hnh thc mi hnh thnh v ihi trnh cao.

L kiu trung gian giakimthhpen v kimthhp trng, trong testerphivndng cckin thc v thut ton, cu trc bn trong

chng trnh, nh ca hp trng nhng thitk testcase theo hngngisdnghocc testcase nhcahpen.


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Nhm 2 - LpCNTT Qun 5 Mn Qun l d n phn mm32

***** Li kt

Ni dung bo co kt thc.

Xin chn thnhcmnsch theo dica Thy v cc bn; v rt mong csgp bo coca nhm chng ti

honthinhn!

*****

baocaotimhieu kiemthu v.2.0

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