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MC LC I.CN C LP H S D THU...........................................................................................1 II.GII THIU CHUNG:...........................................................................................................1A> V TR TUYN : ..................................................................................................1 B> TNG TH KHU VC XY DNG CNG TRNH :................................................1 1- C IM V A HNH : .................................................................................1 2 - C IM KH TNG, THY TRIU V THU VN : .....................................2 2.1.Kh Tng : ................................................................................................2 2.2. Thy Triu : ...............................................................................................2 2.3.Thu Vn :..................................................................................................2 3. C IM A CHT CNG TRNH : t nn trong phm vi xy dng c cu trc t trn xung theo tng phn on nh sau : ............................................3 4. QUY M V TIU CHUN K THUT THI CNG : ............................................4 D> CC GII PHP THIT K THI CNG : ..............................................................4 1. Nguyn tc thit k mt bng tuyn : ............................................................4 2. Trc dc :.........................................................................................................4 3. Nn ng : c thit k vi cc ch tiu k thut sau :................................4 4. Kt cu mt ung : .......................................................................................5 5. Cng Trnh thot nc trn tuyn : .................................................................5 6. Nt giao thng : ..............................................................................................5 7. H thng an ton giao thng : ........................................................................6 F> CC QUI TRNH QUY PHM V TI LIU THAM KHO :.......................................6
III . BIN PHP THI CNG TNG TH...............................................................................9
A> C S T CHC THI CNG : ...........................................................................9 B> CNG TC CHUN B :.......................................................................................9 1 - Xy dng ln tri : .........................................................................................9 2 - Huy ng thit b :.........................................................................................9 3 - T chc cng trng : ..................................................................................10 4 - Ngun cung cp vt liu :.............................................................................10 5 - Trnh t thi cng ng trung tm Khu th Chn My :...........................10
TT..................................................................................................................................................9
IV. BIN PHP THI CNG CHI TIT..................................................................................11
A. CNG TC THI CNG H THNG THOT NC :.............................................11 1 - Yu cu chung vt liu :...............................................................................11 2. Thi cng cu hp ..........................................................................................13 3.Thi cng cng trn 125 cng vung 125x125 v cng hp 125x100 : .......15 B. THI CNG NN MT NG............................................................................16 1 - Yu cu chung v vt liu :..........................................................................16 2 - Thi Cng Nn ng :...................................................................................20 2.1 - Thi cng nn ng o :.......................................................................20 2.2 - p t nn ng :...............................................................................20 3 - .Thi Cng mng ng v mt ng:.........................................................20 3.1 - Thi cng Cp phi dm :....................................................................20 3.2Thi cng lp BTN :......................................................................................22 3 - Cng tc gia c mi taluy nn ng v t nn ..........................................23 4 - Cng tc hon thin nn, mt ng...........................................................23 A > CNG TC TH NGHIM V KIM NH VT LIU :..........................................24
BIN PHP M BO CHT LNG................................................................................24
1 - S t chc cng tc th nghim v kim nh vt liu :...........................24 2 - Cc quy trnh th nghim v thit b th nghim :.........................................25 B > CC BIN PHP M BO CHT LNG :......................................................27 1 - Bin php qun l chung :...........................................................................27 2 - Cc yu cu i vi cng tc c th :...........................................................27 2.1 - Cng tc thi cng nn ng .................................................................27 2.2 - Cng tc thi cng mng mt ng :....................................................28 2.4 - Thi cng cng :.......................................................................................29 C > CNG TC BO HIM, BO HNH CNG TRNH.............................................32
BIN PHP M BO AN TON GIAO THNG............................................................33 AN TON LAO NG V BO V MI TRNG..........................................................33A > AN TON GIAO THNG V AN TON LAO NG :..........................................33 1- M BO AN TON GIAO THNG :................................................................33 1.1 Cc bin php chung :..............................................................................33 1.2 - Bin php Nh thu thi cng d n :......................................................33 1.3 - Thit b vt liu m bo giao thng Nh thu xut s dng cho d n:..................................................................................................................33 1.4 - Cc v tr m bo giao thng :..............................................................34 2 - M BO AN TON LAO NG ....................................................................34 2.1 - Bo him : .............................................................................................34 2.2 - An ton chung trn cng trng:............................................................34 2.3 - An ton cho cc cng tc & thit b thi cng :........................................34 2.4 - An ton v Chy n :..............................................................................35 B > M BO V SINH MI TRNG :.................................................................35 C > NHNG VN CN LU :........................................................................36
KT LUN KIN NGH .......................................................................................................37
THUYT MINH BIN PHP T CHC THI CNGD N : NG GIA KHU CNG NGHIP S 2 V S 3 GIAI ON : PHN K U T GI THU S 06: TON B PHN XY LP TUYN 7+N6 L TRNH : KM 0+00KM 4+514.23 I.CN C LP H S D THU Cn c vo H s mi thu xy dng : D n ng gia khu cng nghip s 2 v s 3Gi thu s 06: Ton b phn xy lp tuyn 7 + N6 , L trnh Km 0+00 Km 4+514.23 ca Ban QLDA h tng thuc Ban QL khu kinh t Chn My - Lng C; Cn c vo H s thit k Bn v thi cng do Cng ty CP T vn thit k giao thng Tha Thin-Hu lp thng 3 nm 2007; Cn c vo cc quy trnh quy phm k thut hin hnh Cn c vo cc v tr cung cp vt liu cho cng trnh tuyn 7+N6 - Gi thu s 6 , L trnh Km0 Km4+514.23 Cn c vo tnh hnh thc t ti hin trng ca on tuyn thi cng t Km0 Km4+514.23 thuc khu vc Chn My, huyn Ph Lc, tnh Tha Thin Hu; Cn c vo nng lc, thit b thi cng, v kh nng ti chnh ca Cng ty, Cng ty lp bin php thi cng nh sau : II.GII THIU CHUNG: A> V TR TUYN : D n: ng gia khu cng nghip s 02 v s 03- Tuyn 7+N6 thuc Gi thu s: 06, l trnh Km 0+00Km 4+514.23 nm trn a phn huyn Ph Lc, tnh Tha Thin Hu. D n nm trong khu vc Cng Chn My, trong tng lai cng Chn My s tr thnh mt trong nhng cng bin nc su quan trng, phc v xut nhp khu hng ha khu vc Qung Bnh, Qung Tr, Tha Thin Hu, h tr vi cm cng vng kinh t trng im Trung B nh : Dung Qut, Lin Chiu, Tin Sa ....Trn c s hnh thnh cng bin nc su Chn My, h thng cng nghip, dch v thng mi, du lch, hu cng v khu th Chn My s c hnh thnh, gn lin vi h thng du lch Bch M - Cnh Dng - Lng C - m Lp An thnh mt tng th hon chnh, to nn ng lc pht trin mnh m kinh t x hi ton vng. im u tuyn: Giao vi Quc l 1A ti Km 879+719 im cui tuyn : Giao vi ng ng cng B> TNG TH KHU VC XY DNG CNG TRNH : 1- C IM V A HNH : Khu vc thi cng thuc dng a hnh ng bng ven bin. Tuyn i qua vng trng ct, ng rung trng, ao h. Cu to a cht ch yu l cc sn phm tch t sng bin hn hp thnh phn vt cht bao gm : Ct ht mn mu xm trng, ct ht bi mu xm trng, xm vng, ct ht mn pha bi st ln xc thc vt mu xm trng xm en.. Qua trnh a mo ch yu y l s bo mn, vn chuyn v tch t cc loi vt liu trm tch c thnh v ngun gc khc nhau. B mt a hnh tng i bng phng t dc, b chiaPage 1
ct ca nhiu dng chy nh. Thnh phn vt cht ch yu ca dng a hnh ny l sn phm phong ha ti ch ca t . Thc vt pht trin ch yu l cc loi cy cng nghip ly g , hoa mu v la.. 2 - C IM KH TNG, THY TRIU V THU VN :2.1.Kh Tng :
Khu vc Chn My nm trong vng nhit i gi ma quanh nm chu s tc ng chi phi c 2 trng gi chnh l gi ma ng Bc v gi ma Ty Nam. ng thi chu cc quy lut ca min Duyn Hi nh cc hot ng ca gi bin v gi t lin lun phin thi trong chu k ngy m. Ti khu vc bin ven b th thng 10 nm trc n thng 4 nm sau thnh hnh gi ng Bc, thng 5 l thng gi chuyn ma. T thng 6 n thng 9 l thi k thnh hnh gi mu Ty Nam v gi Nam. Hng gi khng ch ch yu trong nm khu vc bin ven b l ng Bc trong ma ng v gi Ty Nam trong ma h. Khu vc Chn My v ng bng Tha Lu - Nc Ngt do a hnh ni che chn ht c 3 pha : ng, Ty v Nam, nn quy lut gi y khc vi Hu, c che chn kn hn, ngoi tr hng Bc v Ty Bc. Vn tc gi trung bnh l 1,8m/s v cc i 29,6m/s. Nhit khng kh trung bnh trong nm l 24,8oC. Ma ng nhit khng kh trung bnh t 19,5oC-24,1oC v ma h t 26,3oC-28,4oC. Thng 4, 5 l thng nng nht vi nhit cao nht 38,6oC. Thng lnh nht l thng 1 vi nhit 14,0oC. Lng ma y kh ln, trung bnh nm l 2779,7mm. Thng c lng ma ln nht l thng 10 t 612,4mm. Vng Tha Thin Hu l vng b bo mnh. Bo thng xut hin vo thng 10. STT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 C TRNG Nhit trung bnh Nhit cao nht Nhit thp nht S gi nng cc thng trong nm S ngy ma cc thng trong nm Lng ma trung bnh trong nm m tng i trung bnh trong nm N V0 0
TRM KH TNG NAM NG 24,8 38,60 14,0 1831,0 176,0 2779,70 88,30
C C 0 C gi ngy mm %
2.2. Thy Triu :
Ch thy triu y l bn nht triu. Mc thy triu trung bnh l 0cm. Thy triu cc i l 126cm, thy triu cc tiu l -72cm. Thy triu cao nht ng vi sut bo m 1% l 143cm. Mc nc dao ng t 1030cm, mc nc dng cc i khi c bo vi tc gi Ty Bc hon k 100 nm 1 ln ti su 10m l 20m. ln thy triu trung bnh l 70cm, cc i l 145cm v cc tiu l 20cm.2.3.Thu Vn :
Khu vc Chn My c 2 con sng chnh : Sng Chu Mi : bt ngun t dy ni cao pha Nam QL1A, ca sng ra vnh Chn My pha gip mi Chn My ng. Sng B Lu : bt ngun t dy ni cao pha Nam QL1A, sau khi chy qua QL1A ra vnh Chn My, ca sng gip pha mi Chn My Ty.Page 2
Hai con sng ny u c lu lng nh. Lu lng trn cc sng trong thng 10 c lng ma ln nht trong nm : + Sng Chu Mi : Q25% = 5,74m3/s. + Sng B Lu : Q25% = 36,60m3/s. Hai sng ny l nhng sng ngn, bt ngun t ni cao gip bin mang tnh cht sng min ni, c ch l nhanh, mc nc l ln nht ti cc ca sng khong 2,5m. 3. C IM A CHT CNG TRNH : t nn trong phm vi xy dng c cu trc t trn xung theo tng phn on nh sau : 3.1. on Km 0+00 - Km 0+5,08 : Tuyn giao vi Quc l 1A 3.2: on Km0+5.08 - Km0+24.41: Tuyn i qua khu vc nh dn cu to a cht tim tuyn v hai bn tuyn trong phm vi xy dng nh sau: + Lp N : y l lp p nhn sinh qua nhiu thi k, khng ng nht v vt liu: Ct pha ln dm sn, cc loi vt liu p nn nh ... b dy trung bnh 0.50m. + Lp 2 : T 0,5m n 5m:Ct ht mn pha bi st mu xm vng, xm trng , xm tro, kt cu cht va. Trng thi bo ho. ng sut c iu kin R t 1,0-1,5kg/cm2. 3.3: on Km0+24.41 - Km0+320.55: Tuyn i qua khu vc vn nh dn v m m. Cu to a cht tim tuyn v hai bn tuyn trong phm vi xy dng nh sau: + Lp 1: T 0.0 n 0.4m: ct ht mn pha bi st ln xc thc vt mu xm en. Kt cu xp. Trng thi m. ng sut c iu kin R t 0,5-1,0kg/cm2. + Lp 2: T 04m n 5m:Ct ht mn pha bi st mu xm vng, xm trng. Kt cu cht va. Trng thi m n bo ho. ng sut c iu kin R t 1,0-1,5kg/cm2. 3.4: on Km0+320.55- Km0+528.66: Tuyn i qua khu vc rung ngp nc. Cu to a cht tim tuyn v hai bn tuyn trong phm vi xy dng nh sau: + Lp 1: T 0.0 n 0.3m: ct ht mn pha bi st ln xc thc vt mu xm en. Trng thi chy. ng sut c iu kin R t 0,5-1,0kg/cm2. + Lp 2: T 0,3m n 5m:Ct ht mn pha bi st mu xm vng, xm trng. Kt cu cht va. Trng thi bo ho. ng sut c iu kin R t 1,0-1,5kg/cm2. 3.5: on Km0+528.66- Km2+163.57: Tuyn i qua khu vc m m, vn nh dn v t trng bch n. Cu to a cht tim tuyn v hai bn tuyn trong phm vi xy dng nh sau: + Lp 1: T 0.0 n 0.4m: ct ht mn pha bi st ln xc thc vt mu xm en. Kt cu xp. Trng thi m. ng sut c iu kin R t 0,5-1,0kg/cm2. + Lp 2: T 0,4m n 5m:Ct ht mn pha bi st mu xm vng, xm trng. Kt cu cht va. Trng thi m n bo ho. ng sut c iu kin R t 1,0-1,5kg/cm2. 3.6: on Km2+163.57- Km3+244.51: Tuyn i qua khu vc rung ngp nc, h c. Cu to a cht tim tuyn v hai bn tuyn trong phm vi xy dng nh sau: + Lp 1: T 0.0 n 0.4m: ct ht mn pha bi st ln xc thc vt mu xm en.. Trng thi chy. + Lp 2: T 0,4m n 5m:Ct ht mn pha bi st mu xm vng, xm trng. Kt cu cht va. Trng thi n bo ho. ng sut c iu kin R t 1,0-1,5kg/cm2. 3.7: on Km3+244.51- Km3+258.15: Tuyn i qua khu vc ng th s- Cnh Dng: Mt ng bn thm nhp 3.8: on Km3+258.15- Km3+346.51: Tuyn i qua khu vc trng bch n. Cu to a cht tim tuyn v hai bn tuyn trong phm vi xy dng nh sau: + Lp 1: T 0.0 n 0.4m: ct ht mn pha bi st ln xc thc vt mu xm en. Kt cu xp. Trng thi m. ng sut c iu kin R t 0,5-1,0kg/cm2. + Lp 2: T 0,4m n 5m:Ct ht mn pha bi st mu xm vng, xm trng. Kt cu cht va. Trng thi n bo ho. ng sut c iu kin R t 1,0-1,5kg/cm2.Page 3
3.9: on Km3+346.51- Km3+416.10: Tuyn i qua khu vc nh lng. Cu to a cht tim tuyn v hai bn tuyn trong phm vi xy dng nh sau: + Lp N : y l lp p nhn sinh qua nhiu thi k, khng ng nht v vt liu: Ct pha ln dm sn, cc loi vt liu p nn nh ... b dy trung bnh 0.30m + Lp 2: T 0,3m n 5m:Ct ht mn pha bi st mu xm vng, xm trng. Kt cu cht va. Trng thi m n bo ho. ng sut c iu kin R t 1,0-1,5kg/cm2. 3.10: on Km3+416.10- Km4+503.94: Tuyn i qua khu vc t hoang. Cu to a cht tim tuyn v hai bn tuyn trong phm vi xy dng nh sau: + Lp 1: T 0.0 n 0.4m: ct ht mn pha bi st ln xc thc vt mu xm en. Kt cu xp. Trng thi m. ng sut c iu kin R t 0,5-1,0kg/cm2. + Lp 2: T 0,4m n 5m:Ct ht mn pha bi st mu xm vng, xm trng. Kt cu cht va. Trng thi m. ng sut c iu kin R t 1,0-1,5kg/cm2. 3.10: on Km4+503.94- Km4+513.79: Tuyn giao ng ra cng Chn my. 4. QUY M V TIU CHUN K THUT THI CNG : 4.1.Tiu chun k thut ca tuyn : Giai on phn k vi quy m, tiu chun nh sau : - Tc xe chy thit k : Vtk = 80 Km/h. - Nn ng : Bn = 12,00 m. B rng mt ng : Bm = 7,0m B rng l ng : Bl = 2x2,5m = 5,00m. - Bn knh ng cong nm ti thiu : Rmin = 250m. - dc dc ln nht : Imax = 6.0%. - M uyn n hi yu cu Eyc 1530 daN/cm2. 4.2.Tiu chun k thut ca cng trnh : 4.2.1. Cu nh, cng trn on tuyn : - Quy m : Vnh cu. - Ti trng : H30 - XB80) - Tn sut l thit k : 4%. D> CC GII PHP THIT K THI CNG : 1. Nguyn tc thit k mt bng tuyn : *im u tuyn : Giao vi tuyn quc l 1A ti Km879+719 *im cui tuyn : Giao vi ng ng cng. 2. Trc dc : Tuyn thit k vi cao trnh: +3.30, tr nhng on vut ni vi Quc l 1a v ng ng cng. c trng bnh v trc dc trn ton tuyn Giai on phn k TT dc dc Ldc(m) T l % 1 Id=0% 2.669,03 59,13 2 1.845,20 40,87 0% CC QUI TRNH QUY PHM V TI LIU THAM KHO : - Tiu chun k thut cng trnh giao thng ng b ca B GTVT. - Cng trnh vt sng ca Nguyn Xun Trc. - H s a cht cng trnh . - H s kho st a hnh, thu vn. - Quy trnh kho st ng t 22 TCN 263 - 2000. - Quy trnh khoan thm d a cht 22 TCN 259 - 2000. - Quy phm k thut thit k ng ph, ng, Qung trng th 20 TCN 104- 83. - Tiu chun thit k ng t TCVN 4054 - 2005 (tham kho) - Quy trnh thit k o ng mm 22TCN 211-93, ( tham kho 22TCN 211-06) - iu l bo hiu ng b 22TCN 237- 01. - nh hnh thit k cng vung : 86-04X, 86-05X. - nh hnh thit k cng trn 78-02X, 533-01-01, 533-01-02. - Tnh ton c trng dng chy l do ma ro 22TCN 220-95. + Trong qu trnh thi cng, cc hng mc thi cng, cng vic u tun theo cc quy nh k thut v p dng cc tiu chun ngnh Vit Nam di y :
T T
Tn vn bn, quy trnh, quy phm I. iu l chung:
K hiu
Ngy ban hnhPage 6
Ngh nh s 16/ 2005/ N-CP V/v Qun l D n u N16/2005/ N07/02/2005 t xy dng cng trnh. CP Ngh nh s 209/2004/N-CP V/v Qun l cht lng 209/2004/N 2 16/12/2004 cng trnh. CP Ngh nh s 112/ 2006/ N-CP ca Chnh ph v sa N112/2005/ 3 29/09/2006 i, b sung mt s iu Ngh nh s 16/2005/N-CP N-CP Quyt nh 06/2005/Q-BGTVT V/v Cng tc u thu 06/2005/Q4 04/1/2005 XL bng ngun vn trong nc. BGTVT 5 Quy phm k thut an ton trong XD TCVN 53089 II. Vt liu th nghim : TCVN 4195- 86 1 t xy dng n 4202- 86 2 t xy dng TCVN 2683 - 91 3 Cng tc t - Quy trnh thi cng v nghim thu TCVN 4447 - 87 Quy trnh phn tch nhanh thnh phn ht ca t trong 4 22 TCN 60 - 84 iu kin hin trng Quy trnh th nghim xc nh m ca t bng 5 22 TCN 67- 84 phng php th tch 6 Quy trnh xc nh dung trng bng phng php rt ct 22 TCN 13 - 79 Quy trnh k thut o bng phng bng mt ng 7 22 TCN 12 - 79 bng thc di 3m 8 Quy trnh th nghim xc nh dung trng kh ln nht 22 TCN 13 - 79 Ph lc ca quy trnh kim tra nghim thu cht ca 9 22 TCN 02 - 71 t nn TCVN 377 - 86 10 Ct trong xy dng n 346 - 86 1 11 Ct xy dng-Phng php xc nh hm lng mica 12 Ct, , si xy dng 13 Ct tiu chun th Ximng 14 Xi mng 15 16 17 18 19 20 TCVN 4376 - 86 TCVN 1770 - 86 n 1772 - 86 TCVN 139 - 91 TCVN 4029 - 85 n 4032 - 85, TCVN 4787 - 89 22-TCN 57- 84 TCVN 1771- 86 TCVN 4506 - 87 22 TCN 61 - 84 22 TCN 60 - 84 TCVN 3993 - 85
Quy trnh th nghim cc ch tiu c l ca Nc cho BT v va XM porland Nc cho b tng v va Quy trnh phn tch nc dng cho CTGT Quy trnh th nghim b tng xi mng Chng n mn trong kt cu xy dng BTCT Chng n mn trong kt cu xy dng b tng v ct 21 TCVN 3994 - 85 thp - phn loi mi trng xm thc 22 Thp ct b tng TCVN 1651- 1985 23 QTTN o cng bng nn tnh TCVN 400 - 87
21/12/1984
03/10/1998
10/05/1979Page 7
24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34
QTTN xc nh th tch bng phao 22 TCN 11 - 79 10/05/1979 Quy trnh th nghim vt liu nha ng 22 TCN 63 - 84 Quy trnh k thut nha bi tum 22 TCN 916 - 79 Th nghim mi mn bng thit b LosAngeles AASHTO D193 Quy trnh th nghim CBR AASHTO T193 QTTN xc nh ch s ES TCVN 344-86 QTTN xac nh ch tiu Atterberg TCVN 4197-95 Th nghim mi mn bng thit b LosAngeles AASHTO T96 QTTN xc nh hm lng ht dt 22 TCN 57-84 QTTN hm lng st v cc ht d v AASHTO T112 QT TN b tng nha 22 TCN 63 - 84 QTTN xc nh m dun n hi chung o ng mm 35 22 TCN 251-98 bng cn Benkelman III. THI CNG V NGHIM THU 1 Quy trnh thi cng v nghim thu nn ng 1660/QKT 4 02/07/1975 Tiu chun k thut cng trnh giao thng ng b - tp 2 3 - Thi cng nghim thu Quy trnh kim tra v nghim thu cht ca t trong Q 4313/2001/ 3 nghnh GTVT BGTVT 4 Quy phm thi cng v nghim thu BTCT TCVN 4452 - 87 Quy trnh thi cng v nghim thu Cp phi dm trong 22 TCN 3345 22 TCN 252-98 kt cu o ng t 06 (TK) 6 Quy trnh thi cng v nghim thu mt ng BTN nng 22 TCN 249-98 7 Quy trnh thi cng v nghim thu cu cng 22 TCN 166 - Q 22/01/1975 8 Quy trnh thi cng v nghim thu cu cng 22TCN 266-2000
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III . BIN PHP THI CNG TNG TH A> C S T CHC THI CNG : + H s Thit k BVTC c Cng ty c phn t vn giao thng Tha Thin-Hu lp 03/2007. + Cc quy trnh, quy phm TK - KTTC hin hnh. + Cc nh mc nng sut bnh qun my mc, thit b, nhn lc ang hin hnh ti Vit Nam B> CNG TC CHUN B : 1 - Xy dng ln tri : Cng tc chun b c trin khai ngay sau 10 ngy k t khi hp ng giao nhn thu xy lp c k kt, bao gm: + Nhn tim mc cu, mt bng tuyn, cng vi Ch u t tin hnh gii phng mt bng. + Thnh lp Ban iu hnh cng trng, thu vn phng lm vic. Tr s Ban iu hnh t ti Km 0+150 nm trn on tuyn Km 0+00Km 4+514.23. Din tch s dng ti thiu khong 100m2. Tr s Ban iu hnh cng trng c trang b thit b thng tin lin lc vi cc c quan hu quan nhm ch o thi cng st sao hng ngy, hng ngy, hng gi. + Phng th nghim hin trng c xy dng khu ring bit. Phng th nghim l nh cp IV din tch 50m2, nn nh bng b tng, c y cc dng c th nghim tiu chun v t, ct, xi mng, b tng........... + Ln tri cho cng nhn, kho bi cha vt liu, bi cu kin BT c sn, bi tp kt thit b.......c xy dng ti cc v tr Km0+ 150; Km 1+200; Km2+600; Km3+250. 2 - Huy ng thit b : + Trc khi tin hnh thi cng, ton b my mc thit b phc v thi cng s c chuyn ch n hin trng thi cng bng xe Smi rmc, tp kt ti mt bng. Mt bng tp kt thit b thi cng sao cho vic huy ng iu hnh sn xut l thun li nht. TT 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 TN CHNG LOI THIT B VT LIU Lu rung 25 T Lu bnh thp 12 T Lu rung 16T My san My i D50 My o bnh xch dung tch gu (0.8) m3 My o bnh lp dung tch gu (0.4-0.7) m3 t vn chuyn xe Huyndai 15T t vn chuyn xe kamaz 10T Xe ti nc My trn b tng 750L My trn b tng 250L My m b tng xi mng ( m di ) My m b tng xi mng ( m cnh) m cc S LNG 01 02 01 01 02 02 01 05 10 01 02 02 05 05 04Page 9
GHI CH
16 17 18 19 20 21
My bm nc Bin th hn My pht in Cu 16T My kinh vi in t My thu Bnh
02 02 01 01 02 02
22 Lu bnh lp 16T 01 23 Vn khun thp tr,m 200m2 24 Xe u ko 01 3 - T chc cng trng : + c trnh by th hin trong S d t chc hin trng bao gm : - Gim c iu hnh - Vn phng iu hnh cng trng - B phn Qun l k thut (KCS) - B phn th nghim hin trng - B phn qun l thit b v vt t - Cc n vi thi cng : 04 i thi cng b tr ti cc v tr thi cng trn cng trng t Km 0+00Km 4+541.23 bao gm : * 02 i thi cng h thng thot nc . * 02 i thi cng nn, mng, mt ng. Cc mi quan h trong s t chc c mi quan h tng tc ln nhau, trong Gim c iu hnh l ngi qun l v chu trch nhim m bo cng trng thi cng theo ng tin . 4 - Ngun cung cp vt liu : Sau khi Nh thu tin hnh kho st tuyn 7+N6, huyn Ph Lc, tnh Tha Thin Hu, ngun cung cp vt liu phc v cho Cng trng thi cng d kin nh sau : Stt 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Tn vt liu Xi mng cc loi Thp cc loi Ct xy dng t i cp phi 1x2, 2x4 4x6, hc Cp phi dm Nha ng B tng nha V tr ly vt liu Thnh ph Hu Thnh ph Hu Ti m Nc Ngt, Ph Lc, Km 875, QL1 Ti m t mng(khe diu) M Tha Lu, Km 880, QL1 M Tha Lu, Km 880, QL1 M Tha Lu, Km 880, QL1 Thnh ph Hu Trm trn m bc
5 - Trnh t thi cng ng trung tm Khu th Chn My : A. Thnh lp Ban iu hnh, tp kt vt liu v thit b my mc thi cng. B.THI CNG H THNG THOT NC : a. Yu cu chung vt liu b. Thi cng cng hp 125&125x125Page 10
c. Thi cng cng trn 125 d. Thi cng cu hp. B. THI CNG NN MT NG a. Yu cu chung vt liu b. Thi cng nn ng c. Thi cng cp phi dm loi 1 d. Thi cng mt ng BTN e. Thi cng rnh, Nt giao. C. CNG TC HON THHIN IV. BIN PHP THI CNG CHI TIT A. CNG TC THI CNG H THNG THOT NC : 1 - Yu cu chung vt liu : Vt liu phc v cng tc thi cng p ng cc tiu chun K thut ca d n, v c s ng ca Ch u t, T vn gim st trc khi c a vo thi cng. + Ct liu mn cho b tng l loi ct vng, ht trung, sch, khng ln rc, mn st. M uyn ln t 2 -2.5. Thnh phn cp phi ht : - Phn lt di sng 0.15mm khng c > 3%. - Hm lng ht 0.15mm - 0.3mm khng c > 15%. - Hm lng ht 5mm - 10mm khng c > 5%. Ct liu mn c cp phi u n v p ng cc yu cu cp phi theo TCVN 1770-86. + Ct liu th cho b tng l loi xy c kch c 1x2 cm, theo t l lt sng : C sng thit k 9.5mm 93/8 inch 4.75mm (s 4) 1.189 ( s 16) 0.3 (s50) 0.15 (s 100) Phn trm khi lng lt sng 100 95-100 45-80 5-30 0-10
Cng chu nn ca 600daN/m2. phi sch, khng ln ht st bn, lng tp cht trong < 1%. Hm lng dt < 10% .Trc khi b tng phi ra nu hm lng tp cht > 2%. Ct liu ln dng cho b tng bao gm dm nghin t thin nhin, si dm p t cui, v si thin nhin. Tt c cc loi ct liu m bo cht lng theo TCVN 1771-86. + xy l loi cng, ng cht, khng phong ho, nt n. Khi lng mt vin ti thiu l 0.003m3 ( khng k chn ). Khi lng chn khng vt qu 20% th tch khi xy. Cng ti thiu l 400daN/cm2. Ti thiu c 4 mt l mt tch ra t ln. + Nc dng cho b tng l bt c loi nc no ung c c PH 4, sch, khng du m, axt, nhm kali, mui hu c c th lm h hi b tng. m bo theo TCVN 4506. + Xi mng PC 30 & PC 40: Xi mng a vo s dng c l lch c th, r rng. C chng ch ca nh sn xut, k hiu l v chng ch th nghim ca c quan c chc nng .Page 11
Vic chuyn ch, bo qun xi mng m bo theo yu cu : khng b hao ht qu nhiu v khng b m ( cch mt t > 20cm). Xi mng dng d BT l loi XM Poland ca Vit Nam c mc theo TCVN 2682-92 t PC30 v PC40. Cht lng xi mng t cc ch tiu sau: - Thi gian ng cng xi mng : Bt u ninh kt khng >1gi, kt thc ninh kt khng sm hn 6 gi. - Cng xi mng phi > Cng quy nh mc xi mng. - Tnh n nh th tch : n nh. + Ct thp : Ct thp s dng trong cc cu kin BTCT m bo ng yu cu thit k v s lng, chng loi thp, ng knh ct thp v hnh dng kch thc. Thanh ct thp phi tun theo cc yu cu ca cc tiu chun : - Loi A-I Thanh ct thp trn, ng knh di 40mm. Gii hn chy Fy=2400Kg/cm2 - Loi A-II Thanh ct thp c g, ng knh di 40mm. Gii hn chy Fy=3000Kg/cm2 -Loi A-III Thanh ct thp c g, ng knh di 40mm. Gii hn chy Fy=4000Kg/cm2. - Dy buc ct thp phi l loi dy thp mu n mu v c cht lng cao ng knh khong 1.6mm. Cc thanh ct thp c bo qun xa khi mt t v ct gi trong nh hoc c bao che ph hp. Ct thp a vo s dng phi c l lch r rng. Trnh T vn gim st cc giy chng nhn ca nh sn xut, trong cho bit : - Nc sn xut. - Nh my sn xut., - Tiu chun dng sn xut mc thp . - Bng ch tiu c l c th nghim cho l sn sut ra. Ngoi ra mi l ct thp trn cng trng ( 5-10 tn, ph thuc vo ng knh ct thp ) phi chn lm th nghim vi cc ch tiu : - 03 mu th nghim chu un trong trng thi ngui ( i vi CT3 un cho ti khi gp li 1800, nu l thp CT5 th un 900 ) - 03 mu th nghim chu ko cho ti t. - 03 mu th nghim v hn in h quang. Ct thp sau khi gia cng c bo qun di mi che, khng dnh bm cc loi du nhn, m bi trn ng c v b g st, trng hp qu lu v b g th trc khi a vo s dng ct thp c chi g cn thit. Ct thp c gia cng ch to theo ng quy nh ca thit k v quy trnh thi cng v kch thc, hnh dng v kiu cch. Ct thp m bo cc thng s yu cu theo TCVN1651 + Vn khun : Vn khun G c lm bng t g nhm VII tr ln, dy ti thiu 20mm, khng c mt l thng, mt g khng b nt cong vnh v c m di 25% tt c cc vn khun g dng to thnh b mt ch b tng cha ra phi l loi g khng c bo phng mt mt, g dng cy trn phi c thng v c hong kh, khng b mc, khng b thi mt hoc c cc mt b mc hay khuyt tt khc, nu l vn khun s dng nhiu ln th g phi chu nc tt. Vn khun c ch to trn c s bn v c T vn gim st chp thun, c ghp thnh tm vi kch thc v trng lng ph hp, khng qu nng cho cng tc lp rp v tho d.Page 12
Vn khun m bo ch to n gin, s dng nhiu ln. Mt trong vn khun c bo s v bi cc cht chng dnh trc khi b tng. Trc khi b tng, h thng vn khun, gio c tin hnh nghim thu v cc yu t : Kch thc, hnh dng, n nh, tnh bn vng, kht, nhn... Sai s cho php ca vn khun theo quy nh trong chng IX ca quy trnh thi cng v nghim thu cu cng ca B GTVT. Vn khun kim loi : lm bng tm kim loi dy khun lun gi nguyn hnh. Tt c v tr c bu lng v u rivphi khot l, tt c vam, inh dp hay mi dng c dng ni ghp phi c thit k gi cc tm vn khun vo vi nhau cho chc v tho vn khun m khng lm h hi n b tng. + Cc thanh ging v ming m : c php ca TVGS mi dng cc thanh ging bn trong bng kim loi hay ming chm bng kim loi hay cht do. Thit k vic sp t cc thanh ging sao cho khi tho vn khun cc l hng cn lu li trong b tng c c nh nht. + Gin gio v tr tm : -Nh thu thit k cc cng trnh tm, tr tm hay gin gio thi cng cc cu trc theo k hoch dng lp c duyt. -Tr tm thit k y thi cng cho tt c cc ti trng m n c th phi theo yu cu. Nh thu tin hnh trnh TVGS duyt tt c cc bn v hon chnh v mi tnh ton lin quan n cng , vng lng trc ca tt c cac gin gio v tr tm d kin thc hin v dng. Cc bn v c duyt trc khi bt u cng vic. -Cc bn v trnh duyt ni r cc phng php thi cng d kin ca tt c cc cng vic nh st thp tm, cc n g ....cu trc chi tit mng . -Vic thit k gin gio tnh ton n kh nng chu ti ca nn t c tin hnh sao cho nn t c kh nng chu ti mi im . -Thit k gin gio khng nhng ch da trn tnh ti ca b tng ti m cn c ti trng gi, ti trng rung ng. 2. Thi cng cu hp Cng tc thi cng cng hp c tin hnh thi cng ng thi vi thi cng nn ng. + Bin php thi cng c th : - Trnh T vn gim st cc kt qa v xi mng, st thp, ct , thit k thnh phn BT M200 1x2, va xi mng. - Tin hnh gia cng ct thp theo bn v thit k thi cng. + o mng cng : - Dng my kinh v o c xc nh li v tr t cng. nh v tim mc cng, ln ga cng trnh. Tin hnh cm bin bo, c hiu n hiu kt hp hng ro chn m bo an ton giao thng . - Yu cu thi cng : nhng ch sc chu ca nn mng cao y mng khng hoc khng thch hp. tin hnh o b vt liu khng thch hp t nht 50cm bn di cao y mng v thay th bng vt liu thch hp c chp thun, m cht theo yu cu ca T vn gim st. Khi gp su < 0.3m di y mng ca cng hp hoc trong nn o m khng ng nht trn sut chiu di cng, h mng, cng hp c o ti su 0.3m, m cht ng yu cu. Trong qu trnh o h mng cn b tr h thng thot nc mt dn nc ngm ra khi phm vi h mng...Page 13
Ti nhng v tr xy dng cng b ngp nc, p b vy v o cc h thu nc cng vi bm vt m bo cho mng cng kh ro trong sut qu trnh thi cng. H mng o thng, ng hng v cao ghi trong h s thit k thi cng. H mng c o rng chng vch h mng c tt v phi o n mt su v rng cn thit t cng. y mng trn nn o c m cht ng quy nh hin hnh. + Lp m ct v b tng 4x6 M100 - Sau khi kim tra kch thc hnh hc ca h mng, c s ng ca T vn gim st tin hnh lm lcatsddeemj ct dy 50cm. - Lp dng vn khun th tin hnh b tng mng cng hp M100 4x6 dy 10 cm Cc vt liu trc khi c T vn gim st ng cho s dng mi tin hnh thi cng b tng. - Yu cu thi cng : Qu trnh b tng phi lin tc v m cht m bo b tng t cht yu cu, trnh hin tng b tng b phn tng. + Lp t ct thp cho Cng hp - Khi b tng mng cng cng , lp t ct thp c gia cng cho thn cng. - Yu cu thi cng : t khung ct thp hoc tng thanh thp ring bit m bo ng chiu dy lp b tng bo v. Ct thp xong, khng xc xch s lng thanh ct thp ni lin trn mt ct khng vt qu quy nh. Trc khi b tng, cng vi T vn gim st tin hnh kim tra v nghim thu cc ct thp lp t v s lng, chng loi, kch thc hnh hc v cc quy nh khc c lin quan, sai s cho php trong gia cng v lp t cn c quy nh trong chng IX ca quy trnh thi cng v nghim thu cu cng ( Q 166 ). + b tng M200 1x2 cho thn cng hp - c s ng ca T vn gim st tin hnh b tng M200 1x2 cho thn cng. - Cng hp BTCT c ti ch theo ng cc chi tit ch dn trong h s thit k, ph hp vi iu kin thc t ca cng trng theo ch dn ca T vn gim st. - Yu cu thi cng : Trc khi trn b tng kim tra chnh xc thit b cn o vt liu. Trc khi b tng vo kt cu kim tra n nh, kn kht ca gio, vn khun v ct thp. b tng m bo cc yu cu : * Khng lm sai lch vn khun . * Khng dng m di dch chuyn ngang b tng trong vn khun. * B tng c lin tc cho ti khi hon thnh mt kt cu no hoc n 1 chiu dy nht nh vi kt cu khi ln. * Khi chiu cao ri t do ca b tng +150C, trong vng 3 ngy u tin ban ngy t nht cch 3 gi ti nc 1 ln, ban m t nht 1ln, cc ngy m tip theo ti t nht 3 ln.Page 14
- Cng tc tho d vn khun, nghim thu kt cu b tng hoc BTCT, cc quy nh ly mu b tng v cc quy nh khc c lin quan n cng tc b tng v ct thp... cn c vo quy trnh thi cng v nghim thu cu cng ( 166/Q ) ca B GTVT v TCVN 4453-95 v c s ng ca T vn gim st. + Thi cng Tng u , ca vo, ca ra v cc bin php chng xi : - B tr ca ra vo phi theo ng h s thit k v da trn cc iu kin thin nhin thc t ca mi cng trnh v nhng chi tit tiu chun trong h s thit k c duyt. - Tng u, ca vo, chn khay, cc bin php chng xi .... c xy dng bng xy va M100 theo quy nh ca h s thit k thi cng v ph hp vi h thng thot nc to thnh dng chy t nhin v m thun. - Mng tng u v chn khay tch ri khi lp mng bng mt mi ni co gin kiu khe ln v ghp, chn khe ni theo h s thit k. - Tng u, ca v v ca ra tch ri thn cng bng mi ni mm. Mi ni mm s c lp y bng ay (hoc bao ti ) tm nha ng hoc g tm nha ung nh cc quy nh ch ra trong h s thit k thi cng hoc ch dn ca T vn gim st. 3.Thi cng cng trn 125 cng vung 125x125 v cng hp 125x100 : Cng trn125, cng vung 125x125 v cng hp 125x100 BT M200 b tng 1x2 c c ti cc bi c c t trong khu vc xy dng ln tri trn tuyn ca n v thi cng(tr Km0+ 150; Km 1+200; Km2+600; Km3+250 ), c ng knh kch thc nh trong bn v chi tit ca h s thit k c duyt v ch dn ca T vn gim st. + o mng cng. - Trc khi tin hnh o h mng phi lm h thng bin bo hiu cho ph hp vi a hnh thi cng v tnh cht cng vic m bo an ton cho cc phng tin, con ngi tham gia giao thng v thi cng trn tuyn. - Dng thc di, my kinh v, thu bnh kim tra v nh v tim dc, ngang ca cng. Xem xt li cc v tr ca cng trnh i chiu vi tnh hnh thc t khu vc v dng chy c v tr t cng trnh thot nc thch hp nht. - Yu cu cng tc thi cng tng t nh thi cng o mng cng hp. + Lp dm m ct si dy 10cm v b tng M100 4x6 - Khi h mng c T vn gim st nghim thu th tin hnh thi cng lp m mng. Thi cng lp m ng thnh phn hn hp ca thit k, m cht. - mng m c p ng thit k, m ln cn thn. Kch thc mng ch c php sai s 10%. - Tin hnh nghim thu ng quy trnh, cao mi tin hnh thi cng cng tc b tng mng cng 4x6 M100 dy trung bnh 30cm. + t ng cng : - ng cng 125, vung 125x125, hp 125x100 phi c t cn thn, ng hng, ng dc v cao ch ra trong bn v thit k thi cng chi tit. - Yu cu thi cng : Cc ng cng ni vi nhau bng g ni t khp li vi nhau. Hng ng cng t sao cho tim ng cng phi trng nhau, thng, ngang bng hp l. Mi ng cng khng thng hng hoc b ln qu mc sau khi t s c ly ln v t li + Mi ni : - Mi mi ni cng phi c nht kn bng gch th xy va ximng M100 v c lng bng va xi mng M100 c Tu vn gim st chp thun - Yu cu thi cng :
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B mt tip xc phi sch s, m khi bt u trt va. Sau khi nht va vo ton b mt pha trong ca khe ng cng, g ni ng cng s c lp vo ng v tr, nhng ch trng cn li trong khe ni phi c nht kn bng va vng quanh mi ni. Pha trong ca mi ni c bo dng bng bao ti v gi m thng xuyn trong t nht 3 ngy. Bn trong ng cng 125, vung 125x125, hp 125x100 phi c lau sch bi, va tha v cc vt liu khc trong qu trnh t ng cng v phi m bo sch s sau khi hon thnh cng vic. + Ca ra v ca vo : Cu trc ca ra v ca vo bng hc xy va xi mng M100 c xy dng theo h s thit k bn v thi cng. Thi cng ng quy nh v phi ph hp vi h thng thot nc hnh thnh mt dng chy t nhin v m thun. o c, kim tra cht lng v nghim thu : Cc yu cu v kim tra cht lng, sai s thi cng, nghim thu cng trnh c ch r trong quy trnh thi cng v nghim thu cu cng 166-Q ban hnh theo quyt nh s 166-Q ngy 22/1/1975 ca b GTVT. Vic o c v xc nh khi lng i vi ca vo, ca ra, tng u, tng cnh, sn cng tiu nng v gia c c tin hnh theo cc hng mc trn. B. THI CNG NN MT NG 1 - Yu cu chung v vt liu : + t o nn ng : Cc vt liu khng thch hp sau y c d t qu trnh o t s khng c Nh thu s dng cho cng tc thi cng nn ng. - Cc vt liu c cha hm lng hu c gy hi nh:c ,r cy - t c gii hn chy vt qu 50%,ch s do vt qu 35% - t c hm lng nc thin nhin vt qu 50% - t c cht t nhin thp 800kg/m3 hay thp hn. - t c trng n ln ,gi tr hot ho ln hn 1.Gi tr hot ho c xc nh bng t s ch s do v kch c ht st . - Cc vt liu c c tnh ho hc v vt l gy c Tt c cc vt liu thch hp c d ra t qu trnh o s c s dng trong nn ng p ,lp y mng ,vai ng ,mi taluy ,lp nn ..... + t p nn ng : Vt liu dng p nn ng l cc loi vt liu thch hp c ly t cc m t quy nh trong h s thit k. Cc loi t p c th s dng trong bng sau : Loi t ct nh ,ht to ct nh st nh st nng St nh p.Page 16
T l ht ct (2-0.05mm) theo %khi lng >50% >50% >40% >40% >40%
Ch s do 1-7 1-7 7-12 12-17 17-27
Kh nng s dng Rt thch hp Thch hp Thch hp Thch hp Thch hp
Cc vt liu khng thch hp c quy nh trong nn o khng c s dng cho nn
Vt liu ri dy 500mm trn mt nn p c chn lc k theo ng cc ch tiu k thut quy nh cho lp Subgrade v phi ph hp cc yu cu sau: -Gii hn chy ti a 55 -Ch s do ti a 18 -CBR (ngm 4 ngy ) ti thiu 8%. + Cp phi dm : Yu cu cht lng ca vt liu: Vt liu dm lm lp mng : - c sn xut t c gii hn cng Eh = 1000DaN/cm2 bng my nghin sng thch hp m bo tiu chun k thut ngay ti m, sch, khng ln bi t. - M un n hi ca cp phi dm : E = 3000 DaN/cm2 ( Cng khng p ca > 600 DaN/cm2 ) Thnh phn ht : - Theo tiu chun cp phi dm loi I : Quy trnh thi cng v nghim thu mng cp phi dm 22 TCN 252 - 98. - Thnh phn ht ( th nghim theo TCVN 4198-95 ): Kch c l sng ( mm ) 50 37.5 25.0 12.5 4.75 2.0 0.425 0.074 T l phn trm lt sng Dmax = 37.5mm 100 72-100 38-69 26-55 19-43 9-24 2-10
D max = 50mm 100 70-100 50-85 30-65 25-50 15-40 8-20 2-8
D max = 25mm
100 50-85 35-65 25-50 15-30 1-15
Yu cu cht lng dm cp phi theo 22 TCN 252-98 : Ch tiu Los-Angeles ( L.A ) ( Th nghim AASHTO T96 ), % Loi tng mt Mng trn Mng di Lo?i I Cp cao A1 Khng dng 30 Cp cao A2 Khng dng 32 Cp cao A1 Khng dng 35 Lo?i II Cp cao A2 35 40 Cp thp B1 50 Ch tiu Atterberg ( Th nghim theo TCVN 4197-95 ) Gii hn chy Wt Ch s do Wn Loi I Khng th nghim c Khng th nghim c Loi II 25 6 Hm lng st - Ch tiu ES ( Th nghim theo TCVN 334-86 ) Loi I ES > 35 Loi II ES > 30 Ch tiu CBR ( Th nghim AASHTO T193 )Page 17
Loi I Loi II Loi I Loi II
CBR 100 vi K = 0.98, ngm nc 4 ngy m CBR 80 vi K = 0.98, ngm nc 4 ngy m Hm lng dt ( Th nghim theo 22 TCN 57-84 ) Khng qu 10% Khng qu 15%
+ dm dng cho cng tc lng nha tiu chun : Cc ch tiu c l ca dm xay t loi gc phi tho mn cc qui nh sau: Cc ch tiu c l 1. Cng nn (daN/cm2) a) dm xay t mcma v bin cht b) dm xay t trm tch 2) hao mn Los Angeles (L.A) khng ln hn, (%) a) mcma v bin cht b) trm tch 3) dnh bm ca vi nha Gii hn cho php 1000 (800) TCVN 1772 - 87 800 (600) 25 (30) 35 (40) t yu cu Phng php th nghim
AASHTO - T96 - 87 22 TCN 63 - 84
+ dm dng cho cng tc BTN : Cc ch tiu c l ca dm xay t loi gc phi tho mn cc qui nh sau: Cc ch tiu c l Gii hn cho php Phng php th nghim
1. Cng nn (daN/cm2) a) dm xay t mcma v > 1000 (800) bin cht TCVN 1772 - 87 b) dm xay t trm tch > 800 (600) 2) hao mn Los Angeles (L.A) khng ln hn, (%) a) mcma v bin cht > 25 (30) AASHTO - T96 - 87 b) trm tch 35 (40) 3) dnh bm ca vi nha t yu cu 22 TCN 63 - 84 Lng ht mm yu v phong ho 10% khi lng ( Th nghim theo TCVN 1772-87) phi kh ro v sch. Hm lng bi st khng vt qu 0.05% khi lng, lng thoi dt khng c ln trong hn hp qu 15%. + Yu cu i vi ct cho BTN : dng ct thin nhin hoc ct xay Ct thin nhin c moun ln (Mk) 2 c xc nh theo TCVN 342-86. H s ng lng (ES) ca c ht 0-4.75mm trong ct thin nhin phi >80, trong ct xay >50 xc nh theo ASTM - D2419-79 Ct khng ln bi st, bn qu 3% ct thin nhin, qu 7% ct xay, khng ln cc tp cht hu c.
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+ Yu cu i vi bt khong : bt khong c nghin t ccbnt c cng nn khng nh hn 200 daN/cm2, bt khong sch, khng vn hn, cha bi, bn, st khng qu 5%. Cc ch tiu k thut ca bt khong nghin t ccbnt : Cc ch tiu Thnh phn c ht ,% khi lng - Nh hn 1.25mm - Nh hn 0.315mm - Nh hn 0.071mm 2 - rng, % th tch 3 - n ca mu ch to hn hp BK v nha, % 4 - m, % khi lng 5 - Kh nng ht nha ca BK, KHN( Lng bt khong c th ht 15g bitum mac 60/70) 6 - kh nng lm cng nha ca bt khong Tr s 100 90 70 35 2.5 1.0 40g 100 TNDM200 C P/p th nghim
22 TCN 63-90
22 TCN 53-84 22 TCN 63-90 22 TCN 63-90 NFP 98 - 256 22 TCN 63-84
+ Yu cu i vi nha : Nha bitum dng cho cng tc BTN phi t cc tiu chun : Tn ch tiu 1. kim ln - Penetraition (250C, 100g, 5gy ) 2. ko di - Ductility (250C, 5cm/pht ) 3. Nhit bc chy ( Flash point ) 4. Nhit ho mm ( Softing point ) 5. Ho tan trong dung mi Trichloro etylen ( Solubiliti in Trichloro etylen ) 6. Lng tn tht sau khi un nng ( Loss on heating ) 7. kim ln sau un nng ( Penetration affer loss on heating) 8. Lng Parafin 9. dnh bm vi n v 1/10mm Cm % % % % % so vi khng un % Cp Quy nh 60-70 Min 100 Min 232 49-54 Min 90 Max 0.8 Min 52 Max 2 > cp 3 P/php th nghim ASTM -D5 D113 D92 D36 D2042 D6 D5 Theol lch Lsikhina
- Nhit un nha i vi nha bitum tt nht 1400C khng qu 1800C. Thi gian un nha khng qu 3 gi gi cho cc du nh trong nha khng b bc hi, lm cho nha gim n hi khi ri ra mt ng. Nha ri ra mt ng nhit khng thp di 120 0C, nha lng u.
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2 - Thi Cng Nn ng :2.1 - Thi cng nn ng o :
Trc khi thi cng Nh thu xc nh, kim tra cao , v tr v tnh cht c l ca t c bin php thi cng v phng h trnh hin tng st l trong qu trnh thi cng. ng thi phi ln ga nn ng nhm xc nh phm vi o, cao o. Qu trnh thi cng nn ng o phi m bo dc ngang v o cc rnh dc thot nc khi tri ma .2.2 - p t nn ng :
Trc khi thi cng trnh T vn gim st kim tra kt qu th nghim ca tng v tr ly t. Nu T vn gim st ng mi c a vo cng trng. Nh thu p t theo tng lp, chiu dy mi lp p c 20cm sau khi m cht ty theo phng tin lu ln. i vi t kh thm nc th phi to dc ngang 4% v phi c cc lp d thot nc xen k vo gia thot nc nn ng . Nu t dng p c m = (0.8 -1.2 )Wo (Wo : m tt nht) th khng cn x l m trc khi p. Nu t qu kh th ti thm nc, cn t qu t th phi t sao cho t m tt nht . Sau khi ri 1 lp th Nh thu tin hnh m 1 lt khp din tch t ngoi vo gia, vt lu sau chng ln vt lu trc t nht 15 -20cm ri tip tc m cc lt tip theo. Cc lp nm di y o ng > 30cm th phi lu ln t K95 . Lp st y mng h > 30cm th phi lu t K98. Tin hnh lu th 1 on 200m xc nh cho chiu dy ri, cng lu thch hp nht cho cc on sau, thng lu n nh dng lu 8T lu t 3-4lt / im, tip dng lu rung 25T lu 810lt / im, cui cng dng lu thp 12T lu 6-8lt / im . Kim tra cht cc lp t p thi cng bng phng php rt ct v c s ng ca T vn gim st mi c thi cng lp tip theo. C tun t nh vy cho n khi t cao thit k. Mi ta luy p m bo ng dc 1 :1.5 ngay trong qu trnh p nn, khng dn n tnh trng trt taluy. + Cng tc kim tra, nh ga cht lng - Nn ng, sau khi hon thin, m bo ng nht, bng phng, v kch thc c php sai s : - B rng : 10cm + Cao : 1cm - dc : 0.2% + Li lm : 1cm ( o thc 3m ) - Vic kim tra cht, kch thc hnh hc, bng phng c Nh thu phi hp vi T vn gim st thc hin trn 50m mt mt ct, cht o bng phng php rt ct. 3 - .Thi Cng mng ng v mt ng:3.1 - Thi cng Cp phi dm :
+ Vn chuyn CPD. Khi lng vt liu a ra hin trng c tnh ton tng ng vi chiu dy thit k. Nh thu vn chuyn bng t t , xc vt liu bng my xc, khng dng xng ht vt liu ln xe. Vt liu t trn xe xung thnh ng, khong cch gia cc ng c Nh thu tnh ton lt san trnh phn tng v b ph. Tu theo tnh hnh thi tit m vt liu trc lc xc ln xe c m 3% so vi m tt nht, ti hin trng, trc khi lu ln m ch c php sai s so vi m tt nht 1%, nu thi tit qu kh th Nh thu s ti m bng vi hoa sen cm tay chch ln tri to ma trnh lm tri ht nh.Page 20
+ Ri CPD. Yu cu vt liu lm lp mng bng CPD c a n cng trng l mt hn hp ng nht v c ri trn mt nn ng thnh mt lp ng nht hoc thnh nhiu lp m mi lp khng vt qu 15 cm sau khi Nh thu tin hnh m ln. Nh thu gi cho vt liu khng b phn ly, mi ch c vt liu b phn ly c ht i v thay th bng vt liu c trn u . Vt liu cp phi dm c Nh thu thc hin bng my san. Trong qu trnh san nu vng no c hin tng phn tng, vt liu khng u th Nh thu s b sung v trn li bng th cng hoc thay th vt liu mi ng yu cu. Trc khi san, ri lp sau, mt ca lp di c Nh thu tin hnh ti m bng xe xitc CPD m lin kt cc lp, thi cng lp sau ngay sau khi thi cng xong lp trc. + m Cp phi dm Ngay sau khi ri vt liu, lp CPD s c m vi cht khng di cht yu cu thit k. Cng tc lu ln c Nh thu tin hnh theo 3 bc cho n khi ton b chiu dy ca mi lp c m hon ton v ng nht n cht quy nh. Mi lp CPD c m cht hon ton vi m cht ng yu cu thit k v c T vn gim st chp thun trc khi ri vt liu lp sau. Trc khi bt u thi cng mi lp CPD, Nh thu s b tr mt on di th im theo ch dn ca T vn gim st, chiu di mi on th im l 50-100m. Ngay sau khi san ri vt liu CPD th tin hnh lu ln. cht sau khi ht lu ln phi t ti thiu K = 98% cht ln nht ca th nghim m t nn bng ci Proctor ci tin. Qu trnh lu c Nh thu tin hnh theo th t sau : + Lu s b : Lu n nh cp phi bng lu 6-8T + Lu cht : Lu rung 8-10T Lu lp 12-14T + Lu hon thin : Lu bnh st 8-10T S lt lu cn c vo kt qu th im v lu ln ti hin trng trn cc c s thit b lu, m v t l cp phi. *Lu th im : Tin hnh 100m di trc khi thi cng i tr theo th t sau : + Lu chn p : Lu 6-8T ; 3-4 lt/ im , v=2-3km/h + Lu cht : Lu 10-12T rung , 6-8 lt/ im , v=3-4km/h Lu 12-14T bnh lp , 10-12 lt/im , v=2-3km/h *Lu hon thin : Lu bnh st 8-10T rung , 3-4lt/ im , v=4-6km/h + Cng tc kim tra, nh ga cht lng - Nh thu phi hp vi T vn gim st kim tra nghim thu lp CPD : bng phng, mui luyn, kim tra cht bng phng php rt ct, c 7000m 2 kim tra 3 im ngu nhin, h s K 0,98 - Sau khi hon thin, lp CPD phi t c cc yu cu sau : + cht : K k y/c theo thit k. + Sai s : B rng : +5cm + Chiu dy : 1cm + Dc ngang : 0.2% + bng phng : 6mm ( o bng thc 3m ) + Thnh phn cp phi ng yu cu v thnh phn ht.Page 21
+ V cao tuyn sai s cao mi cc 10cm. - Cng tc kim tra cht, m uyn, bng phng v cc kch thc hnh hc c thc hin trn cc mt ct cch nhau 100m. - V thnh phn cp phi th c 200m ly 01 mu ngay ti h o kim tra cht v kim tra chiu dy mng. Ch s CBR kim tra 1.500m2/1 mu. + Bo dng cp phi dm. Sau khi thi cng xong, lp CPD c m cht v c bo dng, Nh thu tin hnh dng nhn cng san v qut v lm cc cng vic khc sao cho mt ng khng b li lm, g gh v cc h hi khc cho n khi thi cng lp lng nha 2 lp TC 3.5 kg/m2 .3.2Thi cng lp BTN :
+ Cng tc v sinh mng v ti nh tng dnh bm TCN 1.5kg/m2: Cng tc ny phi lm trc mt thi gian cng tc ri thm BTN ht trung v ht mn. Ch cho mng kh v cng th tin hnh v sinh thi sch bi bng my p kh sau ti nha dnh bm TC . Dng xe phun nha l xe t hnh, bnh cao su tin hnh ri lp nha dnh bm. Xe phun nha phi c vn hnh bng cc th lnh ngh. + Vn chuyn hn hp BTN : Dng t ben vn chuyn BTN t trm trn t ti Trm trn BTN, thi gian vn chuyn nhit hn hp BTN khi vo my ri khng nh hn 120oC. Mi t v/c BTN phi c phiu ghi r thi gian xut, nhit ca hn hp, khi lng, cht lng BTN, t ch BTN phi c bt che ph. + Ri BTN : Ty theo nng sut ca trm trn m chn tc ca my ri cho hp l. Ri 1 vt di 3.5-3.75m tin hnh m bo giao thng trn nn ng c. Chiu dy ri ty thuc vo on ri th m xc nh h s ln p. Cc mi ni ngang phi qut 1 lp mng nha ng nng trc khi ri 1 on mi. Ch cc khe ni ngang ca lp BTN th v BTN mn phi cch nhau t nht 1m . + Lu ln hn hp BTN : My ri ti u phi tin hnh lu ngay ti , cn tranh th lc nhit BTN l 130 oC , khi nhit gam xung 70 oC th lu ln khng cn hiu qu. Dng lu bnh cng kt hp vi lu bnh hi , lu i t ngoi vo trong t thp ln cao, vt lu sau chng ln vt lu trc t nht l 20cm. + Lu dng lu bnh st 6T lu n nh 4 l/ ,V = 1.5-2 Km /h. + Lu bnh lp 16T lu cht BTN lu 8-10 l / , V = 3-5 Km /h. + Lu bnh thp 10T lu phng mt ng lu 2-4 l / , V = 2-2.5 Km /h. Trong qu trnh lu phi lu 1 s vn sau: Phi thc hin ng qui trnh m nn theo ng trnh t sau khi kt thc giai on lu nh lu nng lu hon thin mt ng bng phng ng cao , khng b nt n trong qu trnh lu ln. Qu trnh lu phi thng xuyn bi t mt cc bnh xe lu bng nc l hoc bng hn hp nc + du ha (1/1) Khi hn hp dnh bm bnh xe lu th phi dng xng co ngay v bi t mt bnh li. Mt khc dng hn hp nhiu ht nh lp ngay vo ch b bc. Qu trnh lu phi lun b ph v b khuyt nhng ch cha t yu cu khi hn hp cn nng . + Cng tc kim tra, nh ga cht lng - Nh thu phi hp vi T vn gim st kim tra nghim thu hon thin BTN :Page 22
+ cht : K k y/c theo thit k. + Sai s : B rng : -5cm (khng vt qu 5% chiu di ng) + Chiu dy : 5%( p dng cho 95% tng s im o, 5% cn li khng qu 10mm) + Dc ngang : 0.0025 (p dng cho 95% tng s im o) + Sai s cao c : 5mm (p dng cho 95% tng s im o) + bng phng : o bng thc 3m theo 22 TCN 249-98 + Thnh phn cp phi ng yu cu v thnh phn ht theo 22 TCN 249-98 3 - Cng tc gia c mi taluy nn ng v t nn Nn ng c p rng thm t nht 50 cm mi bn so vi thit k, sau s dng my o gt b i phn pha ngoi c cht lng km hn do khng c m cht. o h mng chn khay phn t nn, phn taluy nn ng bng th cng; xy chn khay bng hc va xi mng M100. Thi cng phn t nn v b chi trc m bng hc xy va M100 dy 25 cm . Chn trng cc tiu , bin bo , lm tng h lan mm . 4 - Cng tc hon thin nn, mt ng Hon thin bo dng mt l ng, gia c sa cha khuyt tt ca l ng.
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BIN PHP M BO CHT LNG A > CNG TC TH NGHIM V KIM NH VT LIU : - Nh thu lp mt phng qun l cht lng c lp ti hin trng v s dng mt phng th nghim ti Cng ty T vn xy dng mang s hiu LAS - XD 74 do Cng ty k hp ng. - Phng th nghim c trang b y dng c, my mc th nghim trong phng v ngoi hin trng i vi cc cng vic thi cng ca d n. 1 - S t chc cng tc th nghim v kim nh vt liu :TRNG PHNG TH NGHIM HIN TRNGTH NGHIM HIN TRNG
`TH NGHIM NN MNG NG TH NGHIM C L THP, BTNG PHNG NN MU BTNG
Trong : + Phng th nghim hin trng : Trng phng TNHT s lm vic trc tip vi Gim c iu hnh d n v T vn gim st v cc vn th nghim cng nh cht lng vt liu thi cng trn cng trng. Cp nht nm bt cc quy trnh Tiu chun th nghim thi cng c p dng cho d n, lp cng cho cng tc th nghim theo cc Tiu chun k thut . Chu trch nhim vn cht lung vt liu cng nh kim nh cng tc thi cng ngoi hin trng. Hng dn, ch o B phn th nghim, cc nhn vin th nghim cc cng vic c th theo cc Tiu chun k thut. + B phn th nghim v Kim nh : c trang b y cc kin thc v vt liu, c chuyn mn gii, c kinh nghim v cc tiu chun k thut ca cc cng trnh tng t v phc tp hn. Hng dn ch o cc nhn vin th nghim kim tra cht lng ca cng tc thi cng ngoi hin trng. Thng xuyn thng bo vi Trng phng THHT cng tc cht lng vt liu v thi cng hin trng. + Phng TN t, mng mt ng v thp, b tng ... : Ton b nhn vin c o to qua trng lp, c chuyn mn tay ngh gii v u c chng ch Th nghim vin do Cc gim nh cht lng thuc B GTVT cp. Danh sch cc nhn vin th nghim c bng nh km.
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2 - Cc quy trnh th nghim v thit b th nghim : + Cc quy phm v tiu chun : Vic th nghim phi c thc hin mt cch nghim ngt theo cc quy phm, lut l v cc tiu chun k thut quy nh. Tt c cc quy trnh u phi theo cc Tiu chun k thut Vit Nam hoc theo AASHTO. Danh sch cc quy trnh th nghim p dng cho d n: TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Tn vn bn, quy trnh, quy phm I. Vt liu th nghim : t xy dng t xy dng Cng tc t - Quy trnh thi cng v nghim thu Phn tch TP ht ca t Tng quan dung trng v m t Tng quan dung trng v m t Quy trnh k thut o bng phng bng mt ng bng thc di 3m Quy trnh th nghim xc nh dung trng kh ln nht Ph lc ca quy trnh kim tra nghim thu cht ca t nn QTTN o cng bng nn tnh QTTN xc nh th tch bng phao Ct trong xy dng Ct xy dng - Phng php xc nh hm lng mica Ct, , si xy dng Ct tiu chun th Ximng X tp cht hu c trong ct X khi lng n v, rng ct liu Xi mng Xi mng Portland Ct liu mn cho B tng Ct liu th cho B tng QTTN cc ch tiu c l ca Nc cho BT v va XM porland Nc cho b tng v va Quy trnh phn tch nc dng cho CTGT PT tnh cht ha, l, vi sinh ca nc Thp ct b tng Quy trnh th nghim b tng xi mng Chng n mn trong kt cu xy dng BTCT K hiu TCVN 4195 - 86 n 4202 - 86 TCVN 2683 - 91 TCVN 4447 - 87 TCVN 4198-95, ASSHTO T88 - 90 ASSHTO T99 - 90 ASSHTO T180 - 90 22 TCN 12 - 79 22 TCN 13 - 79 22 TCN 02 - 71 TCVN 400 - 87 22 TCN 11 - 79 TCVN 377 - 86 n 346 - 86 TCVN 4376 - 86 TCVN 1770 - 86 n 1772 - 86 TCVN 139 - 91 AASHTO T21- 87, ASTM C40 - 84 AASHTO T19 - 88 TCVN 4029 - 85 n 4032 - 85, TCVN 4787 - 89 AASHTO M85-89, ASTM C 150-86 AASHTO M 6 - 87 AASHTO M 80 - 87 22-TCN 57- 84 TCVN 1771 - 86 TCVN 4506 - 87 22 TCN 61 - 84 AASHTO T 263 - 78 TCVN 1651 - 1985 22 TCN 60 - 84 TCVN 3993 - 85Page 25
30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
Chng n mn trong kt cu xy dng b tng v ct thp - phn loi mi trng xm thc Quy trnh thi cng & nghim thu CPD Quy trnh thi cng &nghim thu Lng nha Quy trnh ly mu vt liu nha ng cho ng b sn bay bn bi Quy trnh th nghim vt liu nha ng Quy trnh k thut nha bi tum Quy trnh thi cng & nghim thu BTN Quy trnh th nghim CBR QTTN xc nh ch s ES QTTN xac ng ch tiu Atterberg Th nghim mi mn bng thit b LosAngeles QTTN xc nh hm lng ht dt QTTN hm lng st v cc ht d v
TCVN 3994 - 85 22 TCN 252-98 22 TCN 271-2001 TCN 231 96 22 TCN 63 - 84 22 TCN 16 - 79 22 TCN 242 - 98 AASHTO T193 TCVN 344-86 TCVN 4197-95 AASHTO T96 22 TCN 57-84 AASHTO T112
+ Thit b my mc th nghim: Nh thu s cung cp tt c cc thit b my mc theo yu cu thc hin y cc yu cu v th nghim ca cc tiu chun k thut ny i vi ton b cng trnh. Tt c cc thit b TN huy ng n phng th nghim hin trng trong vng su mi ngy k t ngy khi cng cng trnh cho T vn gim st c th kim tra v chp thun sm trc khi bt u thi cng v vic th nghim cc ngun vt liu cung cp cho cng trng. Stt Cng tc th nghim TH NGHIM T Cn k thut + Sng 200mm T sy Thit b CASAGRANDE B VAXILIEP I Ci PROCTOR My CBR TH NGHIM VL MNG MT NG Cn KT 2.61gr +Sng Sng tiu chun My nn n hin trng My LOSANGELES My ES TN B TNG XI MNG Cn k thut + Sng 200mm Nn cn st, Bn rung, My trn Khun 15x15x15 My p b tng 200 tn T sy Tnh nng k thut Phn tch thnh phn ht Xc nh m Xc nh gii hn do Xc nh gii hn chy Xc nh nn tiu chun Th nghim CBR Phn tch thnh phn ht X hm lng dt TN nn trc khng hn ch n hng TN hao mn dm TN ng lng ct ES & st trong Phn tch thnh phn ht X st ca hn hp TN cng nn mu TN cng nn mu X m ct liuPage 26
CC TRANG B KIM TRA HT My kinh v, my thy bnh Thc 3m Cn BENKENMAN Giy ba cng Thit b rt ct
X cao , hng tuyn o bng phng o vng trc tip X lng nha ti ti HT Kim tra cht
B > CC BIN PHP M BO CHT LNG : 1 - Bin php qun l chung : Trc khi tin hnh thi cng ngoi cng trng mt hng mc no nh ng dn, b tng dm DL, m tr cu ... Nh thu s t chc cuc hp tho lun gia Gim c iu hnh, Trng phng TNHT v K s t vn v ngun cung cp vt liu d kin thi cng, phiu thit k thnh phn b tng, t l % khi lng cc loi vt liu vi nhau, cch khai thc v sn xut ngun vt liu em thi cng ngoi hin trng theo ng trnh t bin php ca Nh thu. Trng phng TNHT s ch o phng th nghim cc mu vt liu theo cc tiu chun k thut p dng cho tng loi vt liu. Khi lng vt liu ly mu th nghim c T vn gim st ch nh. Th nghim thit k thnh phn b tng dm, tr, m c thnh phn cp phi ht, cc ch tiu c l ca vt liu. Tng hp kt qu th nghim v trnh np cc mu t yu cu k thut v cc tiu chun ca Hp ng cho T vn gim st ph duyt c s ng ca T vn gim st v mu vt liu trnh, Gim c iu hnh s ch th cc b phn trong D n tin hnh tp trung khai thc ngun vt liu phc v cho cng trng thi cng. Trc khi vt liu b tng c dm DL, m, tr cu hoc c ri, , dm ln thi cng ng dn ngoi cng trng, th phng thnghim hin trng kim tra cht lng vt liu theo cc thng s ca mu vt liu c T vn gim st chp thun. Cc i khai thc vt liu thc hin theo ng s ch dn gim st ca Gim c iu hnh v Trng phng TNHT t vic khai thc vt liu, quy trnh sn xut, thi cng ngoi cng trng theo ng cc bin php c T vn gim st ph duyt. Tt c th nghim s c lu bng s sch, ghi chp thnh biu mu v cc cng vic kim tra cht lng, cc th nghim, cng vic ca Nh thu cung cp.Nhng s sch ny, cc mu bo co hng ngy c T vn gim st chp thun s c ghi r cng vic hoc thnghim c yu cu theo cc ni dung sau y : + Cng vic thc hin hng ngy, ch r m t, ngi thc hin. + Cc kt qu v cng vic hoc th nghim kim tra. + Nhng sai st ghi li cng vi cc cng vic sa cha hoc iu chnh xut. + Cc ti liu i chiu ca Tiu chun K thut. 2 - Cc yu cu i vi cng tc c th :2.1 - Cng tc thi cng nn ng
2.1.1 - Nn p : Cng vic ny bao gm : p nn ng, vic chun b trn c p t, ri v m nn vt liu thch hp. Cng tc p trong phm vi nn ng ph hp vi cc yu cu k tht, ng hng tuyn, cao , kch thc, chiu dy v cc trc ngang tiu chun ch ra trong bn v trc ngang chi tit trong Bn v thi cng c duyt v theo ch dn TVGS.
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+ Vt liu dng p nn ng l cc loi vt liu thch hp c ly t cc m t quy nh trong h s thit k . + Tin hnh lu th im 1 on di 100m xc nh - Cng ngh m nn : loi my lu, trnh t m nn - Chiu dy lp ri, m ca t tt nht khi lu - Xc nh h s K m cht ng vi vt liu p + cng lu. + Kim tra cht lng : Mi mi taluy, hng tuyn, cao b rng nn ng ....u phi ng chnh xc, ph hp vi bn v thit k v quy trnh k thut thi cng. Khng qu 5% s lng mu c cht nh hn 1% cht thit k yu cu nhng khng tp trung mt khu vc, o 250 md 1 t hp 3 th nghim, o bng phng php rt ct.2.2 - Cng tc thi cng mng mt ng :
+ Trc khi xy dng lp mng Cp phi dm, Nh thu phi tin hnh lu ln khu vc th nghim ri th do T vn gim st ch nh. Mc ch ca khu vc th nghim l kim tra tnh thch hp vt liu v hiu qu ca thit b v phng php thi cng m Nh thu nh s dng. + Nh thu tin hnh th nghim v t trng ti hin trng v cc th nghim khc theo yu cu hng dn ca T vn gim st. + Vic t chc thi cng th 1 on 50 -10m trc khi trin khai thi cng i tr, t rt kinh nghim hon chnh qui trnh dy chyn cng ngh. 2.2.1 - Cng tc thi cng Cp phi dm tun theo quy trnh 22TCN 252 - 98 v thi cng v nghim thu mngmt ng Cp phi dm Yu cu kim tra th nghim - Tin hnh kim tra cho tng lp cp phi dm thi cng. - C 150m3 CPD hoc 1ca thi cng kim tra thnh phn ht ,t l dt ,ch s do hoc ng lng ct (ES) v m thi cng.Mu CPD phi ly trn xe ch ti hin trng. - C 800m2 sau khi lu ln phi kim tra cht 1ln theo phng php rt ct trong 22TCN13-79. - C 2000m2 kim tra 1 mu CBR. - Kim tra cht c 20 im /1km Mi yu cu v cng tc kim tra Cp phi dm tun theo quy trnh nghim thu mng cp phi dm 22TCN 252 - 98 ban hnh theo quyt nh s 2514/1998/Q-BGTVT ngy 3/10/1998. 2.2.2 - Cng tc thi cng B tng nha tun theo quy trnh 22TCN 249-98 v thi cng v nghim thu mt ng B tng nng. Yu cu kim tra th nghim - Ngoi cc cng tc kim tra th ngim v nha nh trn phi hp vi T vn gim st phi kim tra : + Kim tra nhit nha khi nu lng + Kim tra vic ong, o, m vt liu ti trm trn + Kim tra thnh phn cp phi hn hp BTN . + Kim tra s lng dng c phc v sn xut.... 2.3 - Xy : Cng tc xy c dng hng mc gia c mi taluy, xy chn khay, tng u, tng cnh v sn cng ph hp vi bn v thit k thi cng. + Chng ch cht lng vt liu s dng phi c TVGS chp thun trc khi xy dng + Kim tra v tr v kch thc phn cng trnh hon thnh hng ngyPage 28
+ C 250m3 xy kim tra mc va 1 ln ,nu hng mc ring r c khi lng nh hn 250 m3 th phi kim tra mc va ti thiu 1 ln . + Sai s v kch thc mng +50mm + Sai s cc kch thc cc phn khc nm trn mng +20mm +Sai s v tr so le cc cnh vin xy l 5mm +Sai s cao trn nh khi xy 40mm2.4 - Thi cng cng :
2.4.1 - Cng tc b tng kt cu : + Cng vic ny bao gm l cung cp vt t b tng ,bo dng v hon thin b tng xi mng cho kt cu b tng cu. + B tng l mt hn hp gm nc, xi mng Porland v ct liu.Vic dng ph gia phi do Ch u t v T vn gim st ng . + Mc b tng l cng chu nn ti thiu cui cng cn phi c, c biu th bng n v Kg/cm2 hoc Mpa cho mu th lp phng c Kt(15x15x15)cm, c bo dng trong 28 ngy v c th nghim theo tiu chun TCVN 3118-1993. + Yu cu vt liu : Ngoi cc yu cu v vt liu trong cng tc thi cng c cp trong Bin php thi cng chi tit. m bo cht lng th yu cu ca vt liu : a. Khi qut : -Phi hp cc ct liu phi l loi ct liu mn v th cng cht cng tt .Chng c phn loi k cng gia cc gii hn kch c hoc c cc kch c quy nh ca TVGS. -La chn c ht ti a sao cho thch hp vi vic trn vn chuyn v b tng .ng knh ln nht khng vt qu 1/4 chiu dy ti thiu ca cu trc hoc khng vt qu 2/3 khong cch gia cc thanh ct thp. Trong cc cu trc 2 hay nhiu lp ct thp dy c ng knh ht ti a khng vt qu 1/2 khong cach ti thiu gia cc thanh ct thp . -Ct liu s khng c vt liu c hi nh pirit st, than, mica ... hay cc ht vt liu mng dt, di hoc bt k vt kiu no c tc ng n ct thp, c dng hoc s lng gy nh hng cng v bn b tng. Cn ra sch vt liu loi b cc cht c hi . b. Ct liu mn: - Ct liu mn cho b tng l ct t nhin co cc ht bn, cng v sch khng c cc hm lng bi bn, tp cht vt qu hm lng cho php . - Ct liu mn p ng cc yu cu v cp phi theo tiu chun vt liu Vit Nam TCVN 1770-86. - Ct dng cho b tng m bo cc yu cu sau: Tn cc ch tiu Mc theo nhm ct To Va Nh Rt nh Mun ln ln hn 2.5 2 n 2.5 1 n nh hn 2 0.7 n nh -3.3 hn 1 Khi lng th tch xp 1400 1300 1200 1150 kg/m3 khng nh hn Lng ht nh hn 10 10 20 35 0.14mm tnh bng % khi lng ct ,khng ln hn
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-i vi ct c mun ln 5mm v 5mm Khi lng th tch xp ,tnhbng kg/m3 khng nh hn Hm lng mui gc sunpht ,sunfit tnh bng % khi lng ct ,khng ln hn Hm lng bn ,bi st tnh bng % khi lng ct ,khng ln hn Lng ht nh hn 0.14mm tnh bng % khi lng ct ,khng ln hn Hm lng to cht hu c th theo pp so mu mu ca ung dch trn ct khng sm hn Mc theo nhm ct 75 0.7 1.5 Khng Khng Khng Khng 1150 1250 2 10 35 Mu s hai 1 3 20 Mu chun
c. Ct liu th : -Tun theo quy trnh TCVN 1771-86 - Ct liu th gm mt hoc hn mt cht sau : nghin v cc vt liu c chp thun khc vi c tnh tng t c ht bn, cng v sch .Khng c hm lng ht dt, di, cht hu c hoc cht c hi khc khng vt qu hm lng cho php. - Ct liu th c cp phi ng u v p ng cc yu cu cp phi sau: + dm nn dng c c c ht t 5mm -20mmPage 30
+ dng c dm l vi , granit nghin bng my khng dng phong ho . + dm t thin nhin c mc dng cho b tng xc nh trong bng sau: Mc dm xc nh theo nn p trong xilanh Mc dm nn p trng thi bo ho nc trm tch phn xut xm nhp phn xut phun v bin cht tro n 12 n 19 n 11 Ln hn 12-16 Ln hn 9-11 Ln hn 11-13 Ln hn 16-20 Ln hn 11-13 Ln hn 13-15 Ln hn 20-25 Ln hn 13-15 Ln hn 153-20 Ln hn 20-34 Ln hn 15-20
1400 1200 1000 800 600
+ Hm lng bi st ,bn trong dm xc nh bng cch ra khng c qu trong bng sau : Loi ct liu Hm lng st ,bn ,bi cho php khng ln hn % khi lng i vi b tng M300 2 3 1 1 2 1
phn xut xm nhp v bin cht dm t trm tch Si v si dm
d. Nc trn b tng: - Nc trn b tng phi theo quy trnh TCVN 4506-87 -Trc khi dng nc cho cng tc b tng cn phi th nghim, phn tch v mt ho hc. - Nc dng cho trn b tng tng i sch khng c du, acid, nhm kali, mui hu c... Yu cu v mt ho hc : -Hm lng cloxit trong nc khng c qu 300mg.CL/lt i vi b tng DUL v 600mg.CL/lt i vi BTCT. -Khng dng nc c PH1%. e. Xi mng b tng: + Khi qut : - Xi mng dng l loi ximng Porland ph hp vi tiu chun TCVN 2682-1992. - i vi b tng M200 khng dng xi mng l quay. +.Th nghim: - Khi xi mng v phi c giy chng ch ca nh sn xut ,kim tra nhn hiu ,l sn xut th nghim kim tra chng minh l hng a n t yu cu. - Nu xi mng qu 3 thng, trc khi dng kim tra v TVGS ng mi a vo s dng. - Nn mu va xi mng tiu chun 28 ngy ln hn mc xi mng mi uc chp thun.Page 31
f. Cng yu cu: - Nh thu tin hnh thit k thnh phn cp phi cho cc mc b tng. Cng b tng theo n phi ln hn so vi mc thit k. st theo tiu chun TCVN 4453-95, i vi b tng bnh thng l 50-120mm, i vi b tng bng bm l 120mm. Dng phng php tnh ton cng mc tiu (R+1.2S) xc nh cng ca mu trong phng th nghim. - Nu khng c quy nh v hng dn khc th hm lng xi mng ti thiu l 250kg/m3 v hm lng xi mng ti a l 500kg/m3. - Lng nc dng c xc nh bng th nghim c mt loi b tng c do va v m trong cc v tr c bit ca cu trc theo yu cu. - Hn hp thit k thit k trn c s cac ct liu theo cp phi lin tc v tt c thit k thnh phn hn hp b tng phi trnh TVGS. g.Trn th : + Yu cu chung: - Trc khi b tng t nht 30 ngy, Nh thu thit k v chun b trn th bng thit b thi cng tht ti cng trng TVGS kim tra. - Cc hn hp trn th phi trn bng ct liu c chp thun s sng cho cng trnh. Yu cu cng vi cc mu th phi ln hn cng thit ban u. - TVGS s duyt li cc hn hp trn th ti hin trng ca Nh thu v p mu lp phng thi im 3,7,28 ngy. Sau TVGS s quyt nh dng loi hn hp th no. - Khi hn hp trn th c chp thun th khng c thay i t l, loi xi mng, ct liu v thay i loi kch c v mc ca ct liu m khng c s ng ca TVGS. h. Bo qun: - Ct liu v xi mng c bo qun trong iu kin kh ro m bo cng vic tin trin lin tc. - Din tch bo qun phi rng ri. Trnh ct liu, xi mng b phn loi, ri vi, vn cc. C > CNG TC BO HIM, BO HNH CNG TRNH Nh thu phi hp vi Ch u t tin hnh mua bo him cng trnh theo cc qui nh ca Nh Nc. Nh thu tin hnh thc hin bo hnh cng trnh theo quy nh hin hnh ca Nh nc. i vi cng trnh ny c thi gian bo hnh k t ngy Nh thu kt thc hot ng xy dng, bn giao chnh thc cng trnh cho Ch u t. Trong sut thi gian bo hnh nu cng trnh c bt c mt sai st no Nh thu xin sa cha kp thi. Nh thu lun b tr ngi trc theo di mi din bin ca cng trnh khi cng trnh ang khai thc trong thi gian bo hnh. Trong trng hp c s c s c sa cha ngay khng nh hng qu trnh khai thc s dng.
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BIN PHP M BO AN TON GIAO THNG AN TON LAO NG V BO V MI TRNG A > AN TON GIAO THNG V AN TON LAO NG : 1- M BO AN TON GIAO THNG :1.1 Cc bin php chung :
- Tin hnh thng bo rng ri chnh quyn a phng v vic thc hin d n gi thu. - Trong qu trnh thi cng t chc 1 t ph trch hng dn v m bo an ton giao thng thuc Ban iu hnh d n. Cc thnh vin trong t c hc tp nghip v v trang b qun o c vch phn quang v cc dng c cn thit . - Thng xuyn phi hp vi chnh quyn a phng, Ban qun l rng iu khin hng dn giao thng trong gi thi cng. - Lp t v duy tr lin tc cc bin bo giao thng, bin ch dn : Bin bo cng trng ang thi cng, bin bo cm ng tm thi, bin bo hn ch tc , bin bo ng r vo khu vc thi cng, bin bo ng hp, ng cm ... Cc bin bo hiu phi theo ng iu l bo hiu hin hnh - B tr ngi hng dn giao thng hai u v tr thi cng, cc h o, vt liu tp kt trn ng cha san phng ban m phi c n bo hiu, ro chn v barie. - Qu trnh thi cng cn to iu kin tt nht cho cc Nh thu cng thi cng trn tuyn i qua.1.2 - Bin php Nh thu thi cng d n :
- Ti khu vc thi cng s c s mt bng b tr lc lng thi cng : Lao ng, thit b, my mc ph hp vi mt bng thi cng, thng xuyn c ngi lm nhim v hng dn giao thng cho cc thit b my mc thi cng trn cng trng. - Tin hnh tp kt vt t, thit b ng ni quy nh khng gy cn tr giao thng. - My mc, trang thit b thi cng v cng nhn ca Nh thu di chuyn trong phm vi thi cng theo hng dn ca Ban iu hnh v T ph trch m bo giao thng trong tuyn m bo tun th theo lut giao thng ng b. - Cc my mc tham gia thi cng vo ban m s c dn sn phn quang v ti v tr thi cng lun c ngi thng trc 24/24h + bin bo hiu v n thp sng ban m. - Khi thi cng bng phng php n ph, phi thng bo rng ri cho chnh quyn a phng v nhn dn ti khu vc thi cng c bit. Cm di chuyn my mc, thit b v con ngi trong thi gian n ph m bo an ton tuyt i cho ngi v phng tin thit b thi cng. Sau khi n ph xong phi nhanh chng b tr thit b thi cng dn dp tuyn trong khu vc thi cng m bo an ton giao thng thng sut. - Ti ni giao nhau gia ng cng v v ng giao thng chnh, tuyn trnh, ng trnh b tr kt hp vi bin bo giao thng + Barrie + n bo hiu + hng dn giao thng trc 24/24 m bo thit b, phng tin lu thng trn tuyn trong khu vc thi cng.1.3 - Thit b vt liu m bo giao thng Nh thu xut s dng cho d n:
1.3.1 - Thit b m bo giao thng : - Bin bo, bin ch dn. - n bo hiu. - C hiu. - Chp cao su. - Barie. - Hng ro tm vy quanh cng trng. - Nhn vin hng dn giao thng.Page 33
1.3.2 - Vt liu m bo giao thng : - Vt liu phn quang : Cung cp cc tm bin bo, ro chn, cc cm c c tm sn phn quang. - Bin bo : Bin bo c s dng cc vt liu thp hoc nhm. Cc bin bo ng yu cu k thut bin bo giao thng. - Cc ct bin bo : Cc vt liu cho ct l cc ng thp c sn mu trng, v cc u h c bc ngn nc, kch thc ct bin bo theo qui nh TCVN. - Barie chn : c lm bng thp kt hp vi bin bo Cng trng c sn phn quang. - Chp phn cch : Cc chp c chiu cao l 75cm, m rng v c kh nng chu va chm m khng lm hng nn v cac phng tin giao thng. Tt c cc nn u sn phn quang mu vng cam/ trng m bo nhn thy c ban ngy ban m - Hng ro tm thi : c lm bng li thp v c khung thp bng thp hnh. - n cnh bo : p ng c cng nhp nhy va trong sut nhng gi lm vic ti v tnh trng khc nghit.1.4 - Cc v tr m bo giao thng :
ti cc tuyn trnh, ng trnh, ngm tm v khu vc thi cng thuc gi thu.. 2 - M BO AN TON LAO NG2.1 - Bo him :
- Cc cn b k thut, cng nhn thi cng ti cng trng phi c mua bo him tai nn lao ng. - Ton b thit b, phng tin thi cng u c ng kim, mua bo him ph hp vi tnh nng thit b.2.2 - An ton chung trn cng trng:
- Nh thu s lp ra mt t ph trch v An ton lao ng thuc s qun l ca Ban iu hnh. - Tt c Cn b, cng nhn thi cng trn cng trng phi c trang b bo h lao ng y , c hc cc quy nh v an ton lao ng, c thng xuyn cp nhp thng tin v cc bin php m bo an ton trong lao ng. - m bo an ton lao ng ton b cn b cng nhn vin s c kim tra sc kko tay ngh thi cng b tr phn cng ph hp vi tng loi cng vic. Nhng ngi cha qua o to s khng c vn hnh cc my mc thit b thi cng yu cu v trnh chuyn mn. - Ti cc khu vc nguy him ( Bin th in, cu dao in, cc cht d chy . . . ), cc khu vc gia cng vt liu, sn xut BTN ..... u c b tr cc bin bo, bin cm t ti cc v tr d quan st , cm nhng ngi khng c phn s khng c vo khu vc thi cng. - Cng tc thi cng cc kt cu trn cao nh : tr, lao sng dm u b tr sn cng tc rng ri v lan can bo v c h thng chiu sng y khi thi cng ban m, cc sn cng tc c kt cu c tnh vi ti trng ti thiu 250kg/m2 v xt dn kh nng vt ti.2.3 - An ton cho cc cng tc & thit b thi cng :
- Cc thit b phc v thi cng ( Cn cu, my o, my pht in . . .) u c bn hng dn s dng v c iu khin bi cng nhn li my lnh ngh t bc 4 tr ln. - Cc thit b thi cng thng xuyn c bo dng v kim tra c h thng hot ng ti hin trng. - Cc thit b nng lp, cu lp nh my o, cn cu phi c b tr lm vic trn nn c kt cu vng chc. - Ti cc vi tr n mn ph phi xc nh r phm vi an ton v c lp t bin bo, hng ro v ngi canh gc.Page 34
- Khi thi cng vo ban m cc thit b thi cng phi trang b y cc thit b chiu sng phc v cng tc thi cng. - Cng nhn li my lun thng xuyn cp nhp cc quy nh v an ton lao ng do Nh Nc quy nh. - Ti cc khu vc thi cng, bi thi cng cc cu kin c sn phi c bin bo, khu vc bng phng, c tuyn ng ring cho ngi v phng tin bc xp i li thun tin. - Cng nhn trong khu vc thi cng khng c ng trong tm vi lm vic ca cc thit b thi cng. - Thit b xe my phc v thi cng chy vi tc khng ln hn 10km/h. - Vic chuyn giai on thi cng mt hng mc phi c tnh ton k trong tin thi cng m bo cho kt cu xy dng m bo chu lc koc khng lm nh hng bi cc hng mc ang xy dng hoc xy dng. - Trc khi tho d gio, vn khun ca cc hng mc b tng u c kim tra cng nn mu xc nh chnh xc tui chu lc quy nh v thi im tho vn khun m bo cng trnh sau khi tho gio vn khun hon ton c kh nng chu lc c chu cc ti trng tip theo. - Trong khi cu lp cc cu kin, vn khun ...khng va chm cng trnh. - gio vn khun ngoi kh nng chu lc v n nh do cc t hp lc gy ra cn phi c tnh n cc ti trng khc nh : ti trng gi, chn ng do phng tin gy ra,p lc thu ng ...... - Cc gio quan trng trc khi a vo s dng u phi th ti trng ca kt cu nhn n1xn2 = 1.1x1.25 (n1l h s vt ti tnh, n2 : h s vt ti ng)2.4 - An ton v Chy n :
- Nh thu cam kt thc hin y cng tc phng chy, cha chy, n do Nh Nc ban hnh quy nh. - Nh thu s qun l cht ch cc vt liu d gy chy n. Cm di mi hnh thc mang vt liu chy n vo khu vc thi cng. - i vi cng tc n ph, phi c H chiu n mn do C quan c thm quyn cp, khi lng vn chuyn tun theo qui nh ca Nh Nc v phi c s ng ca chnh quyn a phng. - B tr ng ra vo khu vc thi cng phi thng thong, m bo b rng, c bin bo hng dn khi c chy xy ra. - Cc Kho bi, ln tri cng nhn c b tr hp l, ch n k thut an ton phng chy n . - Kho cha vt liu d chy nh : Xng, du, hn hp BTN .... phi nm cch xa ln tri cng nhn, c cc thit b chuyn dng chng chy . B > M BO V SINH MI TRNG : - Tin hnh gii to mt bng, cht cy .... trong phm vi mt bng c gii phng. Thng xuyn phi hp vi chnh quyn a phng m bo trong qu trnh thi cng khng nh hng n mi trng sinh sng ca dn c ti khu vc thi cng. - V tr ln tri cch xa cng trung trnh bi v ting n o trong qu trnh sinh hot ca Cn b cng nhn vin . - i thi cng phi c y s ti hin trng , chm sc sc khe ca cn b cng nhn vin - Vic n ca cn b cng nhn vin phi gn gng ngn np hp v sinh, nh thong mt vo ma h thong mt vo ma ng .Page 35
- B tr mt bng thi cng hp l, thi cng nn ng, mng ng trn cng trng thng xuyn b tr xe ti nc chng bi ng thi bo m m cho vt liu (thi cng nn ng).1` - Khi vn chuyn vt t, vt liu ri phi c bt che trnh vt liu ri vi trn ng v gy bi trong qu trnh vn chuyn nh hng n mi trng . - V tr khai thc dm phi trnh xa khu vc ca dn c, gy ting n v nhim mi trng xung quanh, phi c bin php x l bi , ting n. - Nc ti v tr sinh hot phi c x l sch, khng gy ng to vng . - Hn ch du m, vt t ri vi trn ng gy nhim mi trng . - Lp t hu c, cy, c trong qu trnh dn mt bng c ng ni qui nh . - Thng xuyn kim tra , sa cha cc thit b thi cng gim ting n, cht thi gy nhim mi trng . C > NHNG VN CN LU : 1.Qu trnh thi cng phi m bo t chc an ton v khoa hc . 2.Nh thu m bo an ton lao ng, v sinh mi trng trong sut qu trnh thi cng
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KT LUN KIN NGH D n ng Trung tm Khu th Chn My c th p dng nhiu phng n thi cng khc nhau. Vi nng lc ca Nh thu qua cc cng trnh xy dng ng thi cng u c Ch u t nh gi cao v cht lng, nhanh v tin , p v m thut. V vy nu H s D thu ca chng ti c chp thun, chng ti em ht kh nng, nng lc ca mnh thi cng cng trnh t cht lng, tin , an ton cho ngi v thit b theo ng yu cu ca Ch u t. vic thi cng gi thu c m bo cht lng ng tin ra, Cng ty chng ti xin kin ngh vi Ban QLDA mt s vn nh sau : 1/ Qu trnh thi cng cn phi o b t hu c v vy Ch u t cn tin hnh r ph bom mn, cc chng ngi vt khi Nh thu thi cng. 2/Khi o mng thi cng, nu gp chng ngi vt cn phi c bin php x l, ngh Ban QLDA cho xc nhn khi lng thc t v thanh ton 3/ Khi nghim thu k thut cc hng mc cng vic hon thnh (Nht l hng mc t p) cn phi nghim thu nhanh chng nhm trnh tnh trng gp ma xung phi mt thi gian x l lm nh hng tin cc phn vic tip theo. Trn y l nhng ni dung chnh ca bin php thi cng xy dng. Khi tin hnh thi cng thc t (nu trng thu) n v chng ti c s iu chnh cn thit Bin php thi cng ph hp hn. Chng ti xin ha chp hnh nghim chnh lut XDCB hin hnh ca Nh Nc nhm m bo cht lng, tin cng trnh v s an ton cho ngi v thit b thi cng. Thi cng nhanh gn, khng n tc giao thng xy ra. Chn thnh cm n. CNG TY .
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