Bi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 1 Bi tp 1: Tnh ton cn bng pha cho h bn cu t c thnh phn: C2=0,15 mol, C3 = 0,3 mol, C4 = 0,35 mol, C5 = 0,2 mol; 10 atm. ng thi xc nh nhit to bi hai pha lng-hi cn bng vi pha hi V = 40% mol cng p sut trn. Bi gii : Phng trnh dng tnh ton cn bng pha c dng: Ki l h s cn bng, c th tra ton i vi cc hydrocarbon. C s tnh ton theo php tnh lp, c gi thit v kim tra gi thit, theo h thc : Tra hng s cn bng pha ca cc cu t theo gin sau : i i ix K y =*1 ; 1 = = i ix yBi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 2 1. Trng hp 1: H vo trng thi lng (im si): nh vy h tn ti trng thi 100% lng, v thnh phn x ca mi cu t trong pha lng chnh bng thnh phn z ca n trong h. Ta tnh ton theo thut ton sau : Tra ton hng s cn bng ca cc cu t: (c th dng nh lut Raoult v tra Pbh t ngn hng d liu), cc kt qu tnh c cho bng sau : P =10 atm xi = zi Gi thit t =320CGi thit t = 350CGi thit t = 330C Kiyi= Ki.xiKiyi=Ki.xiKiyi=Ki.xi C20,153,20,483,450,523,30,51 C3 0,31,050,3151,20,361,10,33 C4 0,350,360,1260,3950,1380,390,136 C5 0,20,1150,00280,1250,0250,120,024 Total1,000,9441,03151,000 Vy, nhit thch hp h tn ti trng thi lng bo ha l 33oC. Kt qu nhit theo ProII l 32,15oC 2, Trng hp 2: H trng thi im sng, tc l 100% trng thi hi, v thnh phn yi ca mi cu t trong pha hi chnh l thnh phn ca n trong h. Cng lm vi thut ton nh sau : Bi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 3 Tra ton hng s cn bng ca cc cu t: (c th dng nh lut Raoult v tra Pbh t ngn hng d liu), cc kt qu tnh c cho bng sau : P = 10 atm yi = Zi Gi thit T = 750CGi thit T = 780CGi thit T = 800C Kixi= yi/Ki.Kixi= yi/KiKixi = yi/Ki C20,155,80,258660,02506,10,0246 C3 0,32,150,13952,20,13622,30,1304 C4 0,350,90,38890,950,36840,980,3517 C5 0,20,370,54050,390,51280,4050,4903 1,0951,0431,005 Vy, nhit thch hp h tn ti trng thi hi bo ha l 80oC. Kt qu nhit theo ProII l 76oC 3, Trng hp 3: H TTCB L -V vi phn th tch lng bng 0,4 Cn xc nh nhit cn thit lm bc hi lng pha hi V = 40%, Gi xi, yi l nng ca cu t i pha lng v pha hi khi cn bng Zi l nng tng ca cu t i trong h. Bi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 4 Ta c :=> Thc hin phng php gi s nhit ri kim tra li tng thnh phn xi bng 1 theo thut ton di. Kt qu nhit gi s ng l 55oC v kt qu thnh phn pha lng v pha hi cho bng sau : Cu tKixiyiViLi C26,650,0460,3060,1220,028 C31,830,2250,4120,1650,135 C40,550,4270,2350,0940,256 C50,1830,2970,0540,0220,178 Tng0,9951,0070,4030,597 Thut ton ca qu trnh kim tra c cho trang sau : i i i i iVy x V Vy Lx Z + = + = ) 1 ( )] 1 ( 1 [ + =i i iK V x Z)] 1 ( 1 [ +=iiiK VZxBi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 5 Bi tp 2 : Hn hp c lu lng 1000 kg/h gm 42% mole heptane v 58% mole ethyl benzene c tch bng chng ct. Yu cu sn phm nh c tinh khit t 97% mole heptane v sn phm y t 99% mole ethyl benzene. S dng ngng t hon ton. Nguyn liu c a vo trng thi bo ha. Gi tr cn bng nng - ethalpie ca hn hp ti 1atm cho nh sau : Tnh : 1. T s hi lu ti thiu. 2. S bc thay i nng (s a l thuyt) ti thiu. 3. S bc thay i nng (s a l thuyt) ti gi tr t s hi lu bng 2,5. 4. Cng sut ca thit b ngng t v thit b un si li. Bi gii: Heptan = C7H16; Mheptan =100 Ethyl benzene = C6H5C2H5 ;Methylbezen = 106 Khi lng mol phn t trung bnh ca hn hp nguyn liu:Mtb = 0,42.100+0,58.106 = 103,48 (g/mol) Lu lng mol ca nguyn liu: F = 1000/103,48 = 9,6637(kmol/h) T s liu cho ta xy dng gin H-x-y; gin ng cn bng x-y 1.Xc nh t s hi lu ti thiu Nhp liu trng thi lng bo ha nn xF = zF = 0,42T gin H-x-y ta bit c HF = 22,7.103 (kJ/kmol) Sn phm nh cha 97% mol heptan tc l xD = 0.97 T gin H-x-y ta bit c HD = 21.103 (kJ/kmol) xheptane 0,00,080,180,250,490,650,790,911,0 yheptane 0,00,280,430,510,730,830,90,961,0 H1(kJ/kmol)x103 24,324,123,222,822,0521,7521,721,621,4 Hv(kJ/kmol)x103 61,259,658,558,156,555,254,453,853,3 Bi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 6 Sn phm y cha 99% mol ethylbenzen tc l xW = 0,01 T gin H-x-y ta bit c HW = 24,5.103 (kJ/kmol) Khi ch s hi lu l ti thiu th s a l thuyt tin v v cng, khi s bc thay i nng gn nh lin st nhau trn gin x, y. Hay ni cch khc trn gin H-Gin x-y00.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.910 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1xyGin H-x-y-70-60-50-40-30-20-1001020304050607080901001101201301400.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00x-yH,KJ/kmol.10^3Bi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 7 x-yccngthngthhinsalthuytcathplklinnhau,tacthcho rng khi im (yF ; HG) cng nm trn ng thng F; QC; QR .Nh vy v ng thng F; QC; QR ta lm theo cc bc sau: -Xc nh F(xF; HF) trn H-x-y -Xc nh nng yF cn bng vi xF theo gin x-y. Suy ra c im (yF; HG) T hai im xc nh trn ta xc nh c ng thng F; QC; QR.Vi xD; xW bit ta xc nh c QC; QR t gin H-x-y QC = 98,4.103 kJ/kmol ; QR = 34,5.103 kJ/kmol ; HG = 53,7.103 kJ/kmol T s hi lu ti thiu:

2.S a l thuyt ti thiu S a l thuyt ti thiu c xc nh l s bc thay i nng trn ng cn bng (hi lu hon ton). S a l thuyt xc nh c l 6,98. 3.Cng sut ca thit b ngng t v thit b un si li Cn bng vt cht: F=D +W FxF = DxD + WxW Hay 9.6637 = D + W 9.6637 *0.42 = 0.97*D +0.01*W Gii h phng trnh trn ta c : D = 4,127 kmol/h; W = 5,537 kmol/h T s hi lu :

Suy ra:QC = 135.45*103 kJ/h Bi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 8 Cn bng nng lng : F.HF = D.Qc + W.QR T cc gi tr F, HF, D, QC v W c ta suy ra c QR = -61,35.103 kJ/h Mt khc ta c: QC = HD +QC/DQR = HW QR/R T y suy ra :QC = 472,36.103 kJ/h = 131,21 kW QR = 475,31.103 kJ/h = 132,03 kW 4.Xc nh s a l thuyt khi t s hi lu l 2,5 Da vo hai gin H-x-y v x-y ta xc nh c s a l thuyt ng vi t s hi lu 2,5 Gin x-y00.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.910 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1xyBi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 9 Nh vy ta xc nh c 11 a l thuyt, v a np liu nm v tr a th 7 tnh t trn xung. Gin x -y0.000.100.200.300.400.500.600.700.800.901.000.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00XYGin H-x-y-70-60-50-40-30-20-1001020304050607080901001101201301400.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00x-yH,KJ/kmol.10^3Bi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 10 10 : Cho mt hn hp c thnh phn nh sau : Cu t Ethane, C2 Propene, C3= Propane, C3 Isobutane, iC4 n-butane, C4 iso pentane iC5 n-pentane nC5 % mol3,7511,25302191015 Hn hp trng thi si, p sut 12 atm, lu lng l 400 kmol/h. Hn hp nguyn liu c chng ct p sut 12atm thu hi - nh: thu hi iC4 vi hiu sut thu hi cu t ny t 98%- y: thu hi hon ton phn on C5 c trong nguyn liu1/ Hy vit cc phng trnh biu din s hot ng ca thp ch hi lu hon ton : -Phng trnh cn bng vt liu -CcphngtrnhFENSKEbiudinquanhgialulngringphnca cc cu t trong sn phm nh v sn phm y. 2/ Xc nh s a l thuyt ti thiu v thnh phn ca sn phm nh v sn phm y. 3/ Tnh Rmin 4/ Da trn gin Gilliland cho bit cc gi tr R v N tng ng Bi lm : 1.Vit cc phng trnh cn bng vt liu Gi: D l tng lng sn phm nh. R l tng lng sn phm y. A l lng nguyn liu vo xiR l nng phn mol ca cu t i trong sn phm y. ziA l nng phn mol ca cu t i trong nguyn liu. xiD l nng phn mol ca cu t i trong sn phm nh. * Vit ptcb vt liu: Cho ton thp: A = D + R (1) Cho tng cu t: A.ziA = D.xiD + R.xiR(2) * Vit pt Fenske biu din quan h lu lng ring phn cu t trong sn phm y v nh: Bi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 11 ||.|

\|+ =||.|

\|jRjDijiRiDxxNxxlg lg . lgminoVi ijol bay hi tng i ca cu t 2 cu t bt k. 2. Xc nh Nmin, thnh phn sn phm nh v sn phm y. 2.1. Chun b d kin v gi thit : Chn cu t kha : Cu t kha nh CV: iC4 Cu t kha nng CL: iC5 Gi thit s phn b nng nh v y: - nC4 l cu t trung gian, phn b c nh v y. - Ton b C5 phn b y - C3 phn b 1% y. - C3= phn b y: - iC5 ln trong sn phm nh:Bng gi thit phn b nng Cu t Nguyn liuSP nhSP y molphn molmolphn molmolphn mol C2 (V)150.037515.000.0510.000.000 C3= (V)450.112544.960.1540.050.000 C3 (V)1200.3000119.400.4090.600.006 iC4 CV)840.210082.320.2821.680.016 nC4 (i)360.090030.000.1036.000.055 iC5 CL)400.10000.120.00039.880.369 nC5 (L)600.15000.000.00060.000.555 Tng4001.0000291.801.000108.211.000 Tnh bay hi tng i: Ly gi tr trung bnh ti 3 v tr nh, y, np liu => ti mi v tr cn bit nhit , t tnh c hng s K v tnh c bay hi tng i. Tnh theo cu t kha nng iC5. Bi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 12 -Ti nh thp: Nhit im sng gi thit: 55oC Cu tyi = xiDKixi = yi/KiiD = Ki/KCL C2 (V)0.0513.90.01314.444 C3= (V)0.1541.60.0965.926 C3 (V)0.4091.40.2925.185 iC4 (CV)0.2820.680.4152.519 nC4 (i)0.1030.520.1981.926 iC5 (CL)0.0000.270.0021.000 nC5 (L)0.0000.180.0000.667 Tng1.000 1.016-Ti y thp: Nhit im si gi thit: 130oC Cu txi = xiRKiyi = Ki.xiiR = Ki/KCL C2 (V)0.000090.0008.036 C3= (V)0.00044.20.0023.750 C3 (V)0.00553.60.0203.214 iC4 (CV)0.01551.80.0281.607 nC4 (i)0.05551.60.0891.429 iC5 (CL)0.36861.120.4131.000 nC5 (L)0.55450.850.4710.759 Tng1.000 1.022 -Ti a np liu: Theo , np liu v tr im si. Ta gi s im si l 57oC Cu txi = ZiKiyi = Ki.xiiA = Ki/KCL C2 (V)0.03840.15014.286 C3= (V)0.1131.60.1805.714 C3 (V)0.3001.40.4205.000 iC4 (CV)0.2100.680.1432.429 Bi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 13 nC4 (i)0.0900.520.0471.857 iC5 (CL)0.1000.280.0281.000 nC5 (L)0.1500.220.0330.786 Tng1.000 1.001 Bng tng kt s liu bay hi tng i Cu tiAiDiRi C2 (V)14.28614.4448.03611.836 C3= (V)5.7145.9263.7505.026 C3 (V)5.0005.1853.2144.368 iC4 (CV)2.4292.5191.6072.142 nC4 (i)1.8571.9261.4291.722 iC5 (CL)1.0001.0001.0001.000 nC5 (L)0.7860.6670.7590.735 2.2. Xc nh Nmin theo cng thc Fenske: Kim tra gi thit phn b nng bng cch gii h pt Fenske vit cho tng cu t khc nhau: Gi a l s mol nC4 trong sn phm nh, ta c: Cu tnhy nC4 (mol)a36 - a iC4 (mol)82.31.7 iC5 (mol)0.1239.88 Cng thc Fenske cvit di dng: ( )min.NijiRiRjDiDxxxxo = Vit cng thc Fenske cho ln lt cc cu t sau -nC4 v iC4 min722 . 1142 . 2 36.7 , 13 . 82Naa|.|

\|= Bi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 14 -nC4 v iC5 ( )min722 , 136.12 , 088 , 399Naa= Gii h ta c: Nmin = 10,9 v a = 29,86 Cu tnhy nC4 (mol)29,866,14 Gi b l s mol C2 nh, vit cng thc Fenske choC2 v iC4 9 , 10142 , 2836 , 1115.3 , 827 , 1|.|

\|=bb Gii ra c b = 15 Gi c l s mol C3 nh, vit cng thc Fenske choC3 v iC4 9 , 10142 , 2368 , 4120.3 , 827 , 1|.|

\|=cc Gii ra c c = 119.999 Gi d l s mol C3= nh, vit cng thc Fenske choC3= v iC4 9 , 10142 , 2026 , 545.3 , 827 , 1|.|

\|=cc Gii ra c d = 45 Bng phn b nng tnh ton c Cu t Nguyn liuSP nhSP ymolphn molmolphn molmolphn mol C2 (V)150.03815.0000.0510.0000.000 C3= (V)450.11345.0000.1540.0000.000 C3 (V)1200.300119.9990.4110.0010.000 iC4 (CV)840.21082.3200.2821.6800.016 nC4 (i)360.09029.8600.1026.1400.057 iC5 (CL)400.1000.1200.0004139.8800.370 nC5 (L)600.1500.0000.00060.0000.557 Tng4001.000292.2991.000107.7011.000 Bi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 15 S sai khc gia kt qu tnh ton vi gi thit phn b nng ban u khng ng k. Do vy c th s dng s liu phn b nng v gi tr Nmin tnh ton c. Xc nh s bc thay i nng ti thiu nmin cho on luyn v mmin cho on chng. Ta vit phng trinh Fenske cho mt cu t nh l C3 v cu t kha ni nhp liu (iC5) xc nh nmin bay hi tng i trung bnh : 555 , 5 6 , 5 51 , 5 .2 1= = = o o oPhng trnh Fenske l : ( ) 39 , 3 555 , 512040.12 , 0998 , 119minmin= = nn 51 , 7 39 , 3 9 , 10min= = m 3.Tnh t s hi lu ti thiu Rmin S dng CT Maxwell tnh Rmin 2 trng hp bin ca trng thi np liu, sau ni suy Rmin tng ng vi hn hp nguyn liu. 3.1. Tnh cc gi tr l: cu tzii Nhp liu lngNhp liu hi % bc hil% bc hil C2 (V)0.03811.836 45 0.032 85 0.032 C3= (V)0.1135.0260.2240.224 C3 (V)0.3004.3680.6870.687 iC4 (CV)0.2102.142 2.1000.980 nC4 (iV)0.0901.722 0.9000.523 iC5 (CL)0.1001.000nC5 (L)0.1500.735 1.400 1.400 3.2. Tnh Rmin cho trng thi np liu lng: Bi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 16 ( ) ( )( ) ( )77 , 077 , 1 04 , 1282 , 0735 , 0 142 , 2735 , 000041 , 0 9 , 0 102 , 01 722 , 1722 , 100041 , 0 687 , 0 411 , 01 368 , 4368 , 400041 , 0 224 , 0 154 , 01 026 , 5026 , 500041 , 0 032 , 0 051 , 01 836 , 11836 , 1100041 , 01 , 2282 , 0.1 142 , 21 1 , 2 142 , 21% 45 min% 45 min= = |.|

\|+ + + + +((

((

+ = +RR 3.3. Tnh Rmin cho trng thi np liu hi ( ) ( )( ) ( )907 , 0907 , 1 04 , 1282 , 0735 , 0 142 , 2735 , 000041 , 0 523 , 0 102 , 01 722 , 1722 , 100041 , 0 687 , 0 411 , 01 368 , 4368 , 400041 , 0 224 , 0 154 , 01 026 , 5026 , 500041 , 0 032 , 0 051 , 01 836 , 11836 , 1100041 , 098 , 0282 , 0.1 142 , 21 98 , 0 142 , 21% 85 min% 85 min= = |.|

\|+ + + + +((

((

+ = +RR 3.4. Xc nh Rmin cho trng thi np liu thc t vi 0% bc hi: T 2 gi tr trn, p dng phng php ni suy ta c: 62 , 045 85) 45 0 ).( 077 907 , 0 (77 , 0% 0 min= + = R 4.Da trn gin Gilliland cho bit tnh tr R v N tng ng T th thc nghim gia (N) v (R) ta xc nh c N ng vi mi R. Bi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 17 Kt qu tng hp trong bng sau: RR - Rmin(R)(N)(N) + NminNN.(R+1) 0.80.180.1000.51311.40323.41542.15 10.380.1900.4411.33020.23240.46 1.20.580.2640.39611.28618.68541.11 1.60.980.3770.32711.21716.66743.33 1.81.180.4210.311.19015.98644.76 21.380.4600.2811.17015.51446.54

Bi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 18 Ta v th biu din quan h gia N v N(R+1) Da vo th ta thy s a ti u l 20. Khi N(R+1) = 40,4Suy ra R = 40,4/20 -1 = 1,02 Gi n v m ln lt l s bc thay i nng ca on luyn v on chng Ta c : 14 6 2069 , 1039 , 3 20minminminmin= = ~== =mNn NnNnNn Kt lun : Thp c 20 a trong on luyn c 6 a v on chng c 14 a 40.0041.0042.0043.0044.0045.0046.0047.0015.000 17.000 19.000 21.000 23.000N(R+1) N th xc nh s a ti u Bi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 19 Bi tp 4 : Cho phn on Gasoil c cc d kin sau : -T trng : d15/4 = 0,87 -S liu ng cong chng ct ASTM nh sau : % chng ct IPT10T30T50T70T90FP Nhit , oC 225268298315332360405 1. Xc nh ng cong TBP, EFV bng phng php Edmister. 2. Xc nh ng TBP ca pha lng v pha hi tng ng vi % bc hi ca nguyn liu p sut 1 atm. 3. Xc nh ng cong ASTM thnh phn tng ng vi 40% ha hi ca nguyn liu p sut 1atm. 4. Tnh t trng mi pha trng thi cn bng. 5. S dng gin Cox, tm im hi t F trn gin . Bi gii : 1. Xc nh ng cong TBP, EFV bng phng php Edmister Nguyn tc ca phng php : -u tin, xc nh im 50% trn th cn tm t v tr im 50% ca th bit. -Tip theo, xc nh s chnh lch nhit 0 10%, 10 30%, 30 50%,ca ng cong chng ct bit vi ng cong chng ct cn chuyn i. -Cui cng, xy dng ng cong cn tm t im 50% bng cch thm vo hoc tr i chnh lch. Chuyn i sang ng cong TBP : TASTM50 = 315 oC T50(TBP ASTM) = 17oC T50(TBP) = 315 + 17 = 332oC T(50-30)ASTM = 17oC T(50-30)TBP = 28oC T30(TBP) = 332 28 =304oC T(30-10)ASTM = 30oC T(30-10)TBP = 45oC T10(TBP) = 304 45 =259oC T(10-0)ASTM = 43oC T(10-0)TBP = 64oC IP (TBP) = 259 64 =195oC T(70-50)ASTM = 17oC T(70-50)TBP = 24oC T70(TBP) = 332 + 24 =356oC T(90-70)ASTM = 28oC T(90-70)TBP = 33oC T90(TBP) = 356 + 33 =389oC T(FP - 90)ASTM = 45oC T(FP-90)TBP = 52oC FP(TBP) = 389 + 52 =441oC Bi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 20 Tng hp kt qu trong bng sau: % chng ctASTM, oCTASTM, oCTTBP, oCTBP, oC IP225 4364 195 10268259 3045 30298304 1728 50315332 1724 70332356 2833 90360389 4552 FP405441 Chuyn i sang ng cong EFV: TASTM50 = 315 oC v T(30%-10%)ASTM = 30oC T50(EFV ASTM) = 14oC T50(EFV) = 315 + 14 = 329oC T(50-30)ASTM = 17oC T(50-30) EFV = 8oC T30(EFV) = 329 8 =321oC T(30-10)ASTM = 30oC T(30-10) EFV = 19oC T10(EFV) = 321 19 = 302oC Tng t ta c kt qu trong bng sau: 1502002503003504004505000 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100TBP Bi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 21 % chng ctASTM, oCTASTM, oCTEFV, oCEFV, oC IP225 4321 281 10268302 3019 30298321 178 50315329 179 70332338 2814 90360352 4521 FP405373 2. Xc nh ng TBP ca pha lng v pha hi tng ng vi % bc hi ca nguyn liu p sut 1 atm. Ta c mt nhit t bt k:a = v + l Trong : a l phn trm bc hi ca hn hp u v l phn trm bc hi ca phn on nh l l phn trm bc hi ca phn on nng ng thi kt hp vi h thc sau: v = V.Y; l = L.X Trong : V, L l % th tch ca phn on nh v nng trong hn hp u 1502002503003504004505000 20 40 60 80 100TBPEFVBi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 22 Y, X l cc h s t l v chng c mi quan h vi nhau nh sau : XXY). 1 ( 1. +=oo i lng c xc nh bng th thc nghim v ph thuc vo dc ca ng cong TBP ca hn hp u trong khong 10% th tch n 70% th tch. dc :62 , 160259 3566010 70===T TSSuy ra : = 8 Vi V = 0,4 v L = 0,6 v nhit T c tra da vo ng cong TBP v gi tr a tnh c. X0,000,100,200,400,600,800,901,00 Y0,000,470,670,840,920,970,991,00 l = L.X0,000,060,120,240,360,480,540,60 v = V.Y0,000,190,270,340,370,390,390,40 a = v + l0,000,250,390,580,730,870,931,00 T, oC195295 320340360 380 400441 3.Xc nh ng cong ASTM thnh phn tng ng vi 40% ha hi ca nguyn liu p sut 1atm: ng cong ASTM cho pha hi T ng cong ASTM ca nguyn liu, da vo dc t 10% n 70% trn ng ny v gin III.1.26 ta xc nh c ng cong ASTM cho pha hi. 1502002503003504004500 20 40 60 80 100TBP Hn hp TBP pd nh TBP pd nng Bi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 23 dc ca ng cong ASTM nguyn liu t 10% n 70%

S dng gin III.1.26 v x l s liu ta c kt qu nh sau: Nguyn liuPha hi %Vt, oCt, oCt, oC PI22510215 1026814254 3029823275 5031530285 7033235297 9036040320 PF40542363 ng cong ASTM cho pha lng Cch lm tng t nh i vi pha hi nhng s dng gin III.1.27, ta c kt qu sau: T kt qu thu c ta v ng cong ASTM ca nguyn liu, pha lng, pha hi nh sau : Nguyn liuPha lng %Vt, oCt, oCt, oC PI22525250 1026824292 3029820318 5031513328 703329341 903605365 PF4053408 Bi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 24 4.Tnh t trng ca mi pha trng thi cn bng DavodccangASTMnguynliut10%n30%vttrngca nguyn liu, tra gin III.1.25 ta bit c t trng ca mi pha dc ca nguyn liu t 10% n 30% :

1,5 Tra gin III.1.25 ta c kt qu: T trng ca pha hi trng thi cn bng: d = 0,85 T trng ca pha lng trng thi cn bng:d = 0,8855.Xc nh im hi t trn biu Cox Hnhpnhiucutcthcaichngctphnonpsutcao,p sutkhquynhocpsutthp(chngctchnkhng).Vicxcnhnhit phn on phi da vo ng cong cn bng EFV. Trn biu logarit, mi quan h cn bng gia nhit p sut v % th tch dch ngng (Hnh 1.13 - Gio trnh chng ct a cu t), l nhng ng thng v chm ng thng ny hi t ti mt im F. Nh vy, nu ta c s liu EFV p sut no v bit c im hi t F th xy dng c chm ng thng P-T tng ng vi cc % th tch. T , ta s d dng xydngcngEFVpsutbtknokhc.W.CEdmissterara phng php thc nghim xc nh im hi t F c ng dng rng ri trong ha du. 1502002503003504004500 20 40 60 80 100ASTM nguyn liu ASTM phn on lng ASTM phn on hi Bi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 25 dc ca ng cong ASTM t 10% n 90% th tch ca nguyn liu :

Nhit trung bnh th tch tng ng vi cc im 10, 30, 50, 70 v 90%

Quan st biu im hi t F (Hnh 1.14). y l biu thc nghim phc tp vi vch chia logarit, tung l p sut, honh l nhit . cui trc honh c mtonngnvchchiathngbiudinnhittrungbnhthtchtvcang ASTM. Trong ba nhm ng cong, mt nhm biu din t trng d ca hn hp, mt nhm biu din dc S ca hn hp, cn nhm pha trn biu din t s A nh sau: ()()

Davo3ilng:ttrngnguynliu,dc,vtsA,sdnggin III.1.24 ta c kt qu im hi t F : t = 510oC; P = 25,5 atm BI TP 5 :DatheongcongTBPcamtmuduth,ngitachiara11cut pseudo. Cc s liu thc nghim v s liu tra cu t cc biu thc nghim s c Bi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 26 tng hp trnh by trong cc bng s liu di y, trong c n nhlun cc cu t kha. Cu t % th tchdM phn mol Nhit TB mol, oCKw P, atm(260 oC)lg a100,7451020,17398,311,925,9791,8976 b100,8151410,13316311,59,228,11,4487 c100,8421650,121520711,42,798,550,932 d100,861920,09923811,41,434,370,6405 e100,872100,098726411,50,8852,310,3636 f100,882270,09228111,40,5991,830,2625 g (LK)80,8962420,070530111,40,4281,310,1173 h (HK)70,9132700,056232511,40,32710 i60,933000,043435311,50,1840,565-0,248 k100,9553530,064140411,50,05450,167-0,777 j91,034850,04550911,60,00020,0006-3,222 So snh kt qu phn b cu t pseudo (bng phn mm PRO II) hai phn on sn phm nh v y thp tng ng vi s dng hai tiu chun sn phm khc nhau nh sau: Phn b 90% cu t kha nh (Light Key - LK) sn phm nh v 90% cu t kha nng (Heavy Key HK) nm sn phm y. SdngtiuchundatrnngcongASTMchophnonnhvphn on nng. BI LM : utin,tadngphnmmPROIImphngchoqutrnhphntchdngtiu chun 1 : Phn b 90% cu t kha nh (Light Key - LK) sn phm nh v 90% cu t kha nng (Heavy Key HK) nm sn phm y. Cc bc m phng nh sau :Chn m hnh nhit ng SRK. Bi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 27 Dng cng ngh gm 11 cu t gi. nh ngha cc cu t ny ta c th dng haitrongsccctrngcatngcut.y,tachnttrngvnhitsi trung bnh mol. Dng shortcut m phng qu trnh chng ct. Trngthidngcngngh:psutkhquyn1barvnhitimsi (Bubble Point).Cu t kha nh l cu t th 7 (cu t g) Cu t kha nng l cu t th 8 (cu t h) c lng phn trm th tch ca sn phm nh l 68%. TinhnhmphngbngPROIIdatrntiuchunvhiusutthuhi: 90%cutnhphnbsnphmnhv90%cutnngphnbsnphm y. Ta c kt qu ng cong ASTM ca du th : Bi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 28 ng cong ASTM ca sn phm nh S2: ng cong ASTM ca sn phm y S3: Bi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 29 Thnh phn ca cc dng nh sau: Ch s hi lu ti thiu : 0,1073 S a l thuyt ti thiu : 8,35 T kt qu trn, ta tnh c gi tr GAP/OVERLAP ca qu trnh: t = T(5%pd nng) T(95%pd nh) = 326,81 285,55 = 41,26oC (GAP) c th m phng cho trng hp 2, tnh gi tr sau : t2 = T(5%pd nng) - T(5%pd nh) = 326,81 64,36 = 262,45 oC TRNG HP 2 : M phng theo tiu chun chnh lch nhit tnh trn . Trng hp ny, ta ch thay i tiu chun thit lp cho Short-cut : Bi tp chng ct a cu t GVHD : Dr Nguyn Th Thanh Xun SVTH : Nguyn Minh TunPage 30 Kt qu thu c hon ton ging nh kt qu m phng trng hp 1 : Ch s hi lu v s a l thuyt ti thiu cng thay i khng ng k(Nmin = 8,36 v Rfmin = 0,1076)