207

c´V ∂§s™ˆ[

∂Á≈Ìk_ (19:8ä20)

""c´V ∂§s™Ï'' ®[≈ kVÏ›Á>BV™m ""\Á≈kV™''

®[≈ ∂Ï›>D >ÚD occultus ®[≈ ÷È›y[ kVÏ›Á>

loÚÕm kÚ˛[≈m, ÷m \Á≈kV™ ∂_Èm J¶ÈV™

sÕÁ>Ô^ ∂_Èm ∂§Ák¬ z§¬˛[≈m. American Heritage

Electronic ∂Ô´V]l_ “occult” ®[√m ∏[kÚ\VÆ s·¬Ô©

√|˛[≈m:

1. ÷BuÁÔ¬z ∂©√Vu√‚¶ ÿƒ_kV¬zÔ^, xÔÁ\Ô^∂_Èm ºÔV‚√V|Ô”¶[ ÿ>V¶ÏAÁ¶B ∂_ÈmÿƒB_√|˛[≈ >[Á\.

2. \M>ÚÁ¶B AˆÕm ÿÔV^”>o[ ®_ÁȬz∂©√Vu√‚¶m; AˆÕm ÿÔV^· xΩBV>m.

3. >[ sÚ©√D c^·kÚ¬z \‚|º\ ˛Á¶©√m;÷´ÔEB\V™m.

c√VÔ\D 18:9ä14_, ∏[kÚD J[Æ >ÁÈ©AÔπ[ ˇµ

kÁÔ©√|›>¬ ÌΩB c´V ∂§s[ ÂÁ¶xÁ≈Ô^ √È

∂‚¶kÁ©√|›>©√‚|^·™: (1) kÚkm ÔV‚¶_

(ºƒV]¶D c‚√¶, ∂]Ïi¶ kVF©A¬Ô^ √u§¬ ÌÆ>_);

(2) \VBs›Á> (\VÕ]ZÔD ÌÆ>_ c‚√‚¶m); \uÆD

(3) gsÔπ¶›]_ º√∑>_. ÷Ák BV°D º>k™V_

Ôı¶™D ÿƒFB©√‚¶™ (BV›. 22:18; ºÈs. 19:31; 20:6,

27; ∞ƒVBV 47:13, 14 g˛BkuÁ≈•D ÔV°D). ∂]Ïi¶›Á> su√kÏÔ^ ®[≈ A›>Ô›]_ ºÔˆ s_√Ï[ ∂kÏÔ^

c´V ∂§s™ˆ[ ÷Ú√>VD ±u≈Vı| s·¬Ô∫ÔÁ·

÷º> J[Æ >ÁÈ©A¬Ôπ_ kÁÔ©√|›]™VÏ:

(1) ∂]Ïi¶D ÌÆ>_ (ºƒV]¶D, Ê‚| º¤VEBD,

ÁÔº´ÁÔ ºƒV]¶D \uÆD \º™V ºƒV]¶D c‚√‚¶m);

(2) \Õ]´kV>D (\VBs›Á>, ÛMBD \uÆD z‚ΩƒV›

208

>V[ ºkÁÈ c‚√‚¶m); \uÆD (3) gsÔπ¶›]_

º√∑>_ (gF°¬ Ì‚¶∫Ô^, ka©√|›m>_ \uÆD

∂°¤Vº√VÏ| c‚√‚¶m). ÔÏ›>´V_ ÷Ák BV°D

ÿ>πkVÔ¬ Ôı¶™D √ı©√‚ΩÚÕ>VKD, c´V

∂§kV™m A]B ∞u√V| ®ø>©√‚¶ ÔVÈ›]_ k·ÏÕm

\ÈÏÕ>m º√VȺk ÷[Á≈B ÂV‚ÔπKD k·ÏÕm \ÈÏÕm

ÿÔVı|^·m.

√°o[ ÂV‚Ôπ_ c´V ∂§°fl ÿƒB_√V‚Ωuz®º√∑ ÂÔ´º\ Á\B©√z]BVÔ s·∫˛Bm. ∂›º>º™√‚¶›][ ∂[≈V¶ kVµ¬ÁÔBV™m ∂§°¬ ÌÏÁ\ÁBfl ∑u§fl ∑w[Æ ÿÔVıΩÚÕ>m, ÿÔVˆÕm √‚¶›][ ∂[≈V¶ kVµ¬ÁÔBV™m Œø¬ÔT™∫ÔÁ·fl ∑u§fl∑w[Æ ÿÔVıΩÚÕ>m, ®º√∑ √‚¶›][ ∂[≈V¶

kVµ¬ÁÔBV™m \Õ]´∫ÔÁ·fl ∑u§fl ∑w[Æ ÿÔVıΩÚÕ>m. \VBs›Á>¬ÔV´ÏÔ^, ºƒV]¶ÏÔ^, ÷Á¶X‚¶V·ÏÔ^ \uÆD ∂]Ïi¶D √u§¬ ÌÆ√kÏÔ^ g˛ºBVÏ ®º√∑√‚¶›]_ ÿ\VF›m¬ ÿÔVıΩÚÕ>VÏÔ^. ®º√EBÏÔ^\™][ ÿ√ÚÁ\ ∂_Èm Œø¬Ô¬ zÁ≈√V| g˛Bku≈V_∂_È, s·∫ÔV> ∂uA>∫Ôπ[ g‚Ω© √Á¶›>o™V

ºÈºB ∂]ÔD m[√\Á¶Õ>VÏÔ^.ÿÔVˆÕm ÂÔ´\V™m ∂ÕÂV‚Ôπ[ ÿ\Val_

nB›]u˛¶\V™ kVÏ›Á>ÁBfl ºƒÏ¬zD ÿ√ÚÁ\ ÿ√u≈m®[Æ ÂVD x[A Ôıº¶VD (""ÿÔVˆÕ]B© √|›m>_''®[≈V_ ºkE›>™D ÿƒF>_ ®[Æ ∂Ï›>\VlÚÕ>m). ∂mº√VȺk, ®º√∑ ÂÔ´xD ÿƒV_ k·›]uz kVÏ›Á>

ºƒÏ›>m: \VBkVÏ›Á>Ô^ \uÆD \Õ]´ cflƒV¶™∫Ô^g˛BÁk ""®º√∑s[ ÔΩ>∫Ô^'' ®[Æ ∂Áw¬Ô©√‚¶™.√È ±u≈Vı|Ô”¬z© ∏≈z, º≠¬¸∏BÏ ∂kÏÔ^,®º√∑s[ AÔÁw© ∏[kÚD kVÏ›Á>Ôπ_ ∑Ú¬˛¬

̧™VÏ:

\¬Ô^, ÷ÕÂÔ´V™m \Vÿ√ÚD kfiƒÔ∫Ô^ WÁ≈Õ>ÿ>[ÆD, ÔıÔÁ· ∞\VuÆD ÔΩsÁ´kV™ s›Á>¬ÔV´ÏÔ”D, \™Á> \VuÆD ÷Ú^ ºkÁÈ \Õ]´kV]Ô”D, g›m\VÁk¬ ÿÔV_KD ƒZ´›Á> cÚ¬zÁȬzD ÛMB¬ÔVˆÔ”D, \Á≈kV™ ∞\VuƬ

209

ÔV´ÏÔ”D, TV™ ÂB©º√flƒV·ÏÔ”D, ÷m º√V[≈÷[–D √È √Vk›Á> ∑BVy™\VF ÿƒF√kÏÔ”DWÁ≈Õ>ÿ>[ÆD ÌÆkÏ.

gsÔπ[ cÈÔ›]_ ®º√∑ ÂÔ´D ÿ√u§ÚÕ> ÷¶D

√u§ cÈÔ g>V´∫Ô^ ®m°D Ì≈V]ÚÕ>VKD ̶,

ºk>kƒ™∫Ôπ_ ÷ÚÕm ∂ÁkÔÁ· ÂVD ÿ√≈ xΩ•D.

∂©. 19:19_ ®º√∑s_ √°o[ ªaB›][º√Vm,

""\VBs›Á>¬ÔV´´VlÚÕ>kÏÔπ_ ∂ºÂÔÏ >∫Ô^

A¸>Ô∫ÔÁ·¬ ÿÔVı| kÕm, ®_ÈVÚ¬z x[√VÔfl

∑‚ÿ¶ˆ›>VÏÔ^; ∂ÁkÔπ[ ´B›Á>› ÿ>VÁÔ √VÏ›m,

nD√]™Vl´D ÿk^π¬ ÔVƒVÔ¬ Ôı¶VÏÔ^'' ®[Æ ÂVD

kVE¬˛[º≈VD. nD√]™Vl´D ÿk^π¬ÔV∑Ô^ ®[√m

÷[Æ º√VȺk ∂[ÆD ŒÚ Â_È ÿ>VÁÔBVÔºk

÷ÚÕ]Ú¬Ô ºkı|D. \Õ]´kV>∫Ô^, \VBfl ÿƒVuÔ^,

gÊÏkV>∫Ô^ \uÆD ƒV√∫Ô^ g˛BÁkÔ^ WÁ≈Õ>

±uƬԬÔV™, gl´¬Ô¬ÔV™ º>Vu∑Ú^Ô^ ®ˆ¬Ô©

√‚ΩÚ¬Ô ºkı|D.÷Õ>© √V¶›]_ ÂVD, ®º√∑s_ √°_ ÷ÚÕ> J[Æ

kÚ¶∫Ôπ[ k´ÈVuÁ≈› ÿ>V¶ÏÕm √Ω¬˛[º≈VD. ∂Õ>

ÂÔˆ_ ÷ÚÕ> \¬Ôπ[ \™∫ÔÁ· \Á≈›]ÚÕ> ÷Ú·V™

J¶ ÂD∏¬ÁÔÔπ¶D º>k[ ®Às>D ÿƒB_√‚¶VÏ

®[√Á> sºƒ≠ Ôk™D ÿƒK›]¬ ÔVıº√VD.

ŒÚ √ÁwB ∂Á≈Ìk_ (19:8ä10)c´V ∂§s™ˆ[ ∂Á≈ÌkÁÈ© √Ω©√>uz x[™Ï,

√°_ >\m ∑B¤™›>VÚ¬z© º√V]›>_ ®[≈ ŒÚ √ÁwB

∂Á≈ÌkÁÈ ®©√Ω¬ ÁÔBVı¶VÏ ®[√Á> ÂVD

ÔkM©√m º>ÁkBVzD.

√°_ >\m ÷´ı¶Vkm √B›][ xΩs[º√Vm

®º√∑s_ ÷ÚÕ> zÆ˛B ÔVÈ›]_ ∂∫z ÷ÚÕ> ÿ¤√

gÈB›]_ º√E™VÏ, \uÆD ∂kÏÔ^ ∂kÁ´ ∂∫z

∏[–D EÈ ÂV‚Ô^ ÷Ú¬zD√ΩBVÔ kuAÆ›]™VÏÔ^.

∂kÏ >VD c¶º™ A≈©√¶ ºkı|D ®[ÆD, g™VKD

º>k–¬zfl E›>\V™V_ \Æ√Ω•D kÚk>VÔ°D

210

(18:19ä21) ̧™VÏ. ÷©ÿ√Vøm ∂kÏ ∂Õ> kV¬zÆ]ÁB¬

ÔV›>VÏ. ""∏[A √°_ ÿ¤√ gÈB›]_ ∏´ºkE›m,

Á>ˆB\VF© ∏´ƒ∫˛›m, J[Æ \V>\·°D ...'' (19:8∂)

®[Æ kVE¬˛º≈VD. ∂Ω›m cÁ>¬Ô©√¶V\_ J[Æ

\V>\·°D ÿ¤√ gÈB›]_ º√∑k>uz ∂–\]¬Ô©√‚¶

÷flÿƒBÈV™m √°ÁÈ© ÿ√VÆ›>\‚Ω_ ŒÚ ƒV>Á™

BVzD! (17:2, 3n¬ ÔV°D). ∂ºÂÔ\VF ∂kÏ >\m xÕ]B

√B›]_ ÿ√u§ÚÕ> g>´kV™ ®ı∫Ôº· ∂Àk·°

ÂV^ º√∑k>uz ∂–\]¬Ô©√¶¬ ÔV´\VlÚÕ]Ú¬Ô

ºkı|D.1

√°o[ ÿ¤√ gÈB© ∏´ƒ∫Ô›]_, ∂kÏ ""º>k–Á¶B

´VÎB›m¬Ô|›>ÁkÔÁ·¬ z§›mfl ƒD√V≠Á √ıË,

A›] ÿƒV_o¬ ÿÔVı| kÕ>V['' (k. 8g). ""º>k–Á¶B

´VÎBD'' ®[≈ ÿƒVuÿ≈V¶´V™m º\EBVÁk© √u§•D

∂k´m ´VÎB›Á>© √u§•D º√∑D ÷[ÿ™VÚ ka

xÁ≈BVzD (28:31n¬ ÔV°D). √°_, ÷ºB∑Ák©

√u§•D ∂k´m ƒÁ√ÁB© √u§•D \¬Ô”¬z¬ ̧™VÏ.

√°K¬z ÷∫z ÿ¤√ gÈB›]_ ˛Á¶›> g´D√

k´ºkuA kw¬Ô›Á> s¶ tÔ Â[≈VÔ ÷ÚÕ>VKD WÁ≈°

sÁ·kV™m Œ[Æ º√VȺk ÷ÚÕ>m. R>ÏÔπ_ EÈÏ,

""ÔΩ™©√‚| ∂s∑kVEÔ·V˛¬'' 2 ""Ì‚¶›]uz3 x[√VÔ

÷Õ> \VϬԛÁ> WÕ]›m'' º√ƒ› ÿ>V¶∫˛™VÏÔ^

(19:9∂). " "÷Õ> \VϬÔD'' ®[≈ ÿƒVuÿ≈V¶´V™m

˛§¸>k›Á>(""kaBV˛B'' [ºBVkV. 14:6] ÷ºB∑Ák©

∏[√uÆkÁ>)¬ z§¬˛[≈m. s∑kVEBV> R>ÏÔ^

÷ºB∑Ák ÿkπB´∫Ô\VF ∂k#Æ ÿƒF>º√Vm, √°_

>VD ÿ¤√ gÈB›Á> s‚| ÿkπºB≈ ºkıΩB ºkÁ·

kÕ>ÿ>[Æ xΩ° ÿƒF>VÏ (\›. 7:6n¬ ÔV°D).

÷Às>\VÔ, ""∂k[ ∂kÏÔÁ· s‚| sÈ˛, Ê≠Á´

∂kÏÔπoÚÕm ∏ˆ›m¬ ÿÔVı|,'' (∂©. 19:9g) ä ∂>Vkm,

º\EBVÁk© √u§•D º\EBVs[ ÷´VÎB›Á>© √u§•D

∂kÏ º√V]›>ÁkÔÁ· ∂´kÁ›m¬ ÿÔVı¶kÏÔÁ·©

∏ˆ›m¬ ÿÔVı| ÿƒ[≈VÏ.

∏o©∏ ÂÔ´›]_, √°_ ŒÚ Â]l[ ÔÁ´l_ º√V]›

]ÚÕ>VÏ; ∂›º>º™ ÂÔ´›]_, ∂ºÔV´VsKD, ∂ˆºBV

211

ÿ√ÔLKD º√V]›]ÚÕ>VÏ; ÿÔVˆÕm ÂÔ´›]_ y›m •¸m

®[√kÚÁ¶B >M©√‚¶ >∫zt¶›]_ º√V]›]ÚÕ>VÏ;

®º√∑ ÂÔ´›]_ ∂kÏ, >VD º√V]¬Ô¬ ÌΩB ŒÚ √^π¬

Ô‚Ω¶›Á> ∂kÏ Ôı¶VÏ.4 ∂kÏ, ""]≈[– ®[–D

ŒÚk–Á¶B s›]BV ƒVÁÈlºÈ5 ∂O]™xD'' ƒD√V

¥›m¬ ÿÔVı| kÕ>VÏ (k. 9÷). ]≈[– ®[–D ÿ√BÚ

Á¶B \M>Ï ŒÚkÏ (÷kÁ´© √u§ ÂVD ºkÿ≈V[ÆD

∂§k]_ÁÈ) >\¬zfl ÿƒVÕ>\V™ √^π¬ ̶D Œ[Á≈

√°K¬z kV¶ÁÔ¬ºÔV ∂_Èm Ô¶–¬ºÔV ÿÔV|›>VÏ.

""]≈[–'' ®[√m “tyrant” (ƒÏkV]ÔVˆ) ®[√>uÔV™

÷È›y[ kVÏ›Á>BVzD, ŒÚºkÁ· ÷©ÿ√BÏ ∂k´m

\VkÏÔ·V_ ∂kÚ¬zfl Û‚¶©√‚¶ √‚¶© ÿ√B´VÔ

÷Ú¬ÔÈVD!

√°o[ º√V>Á™ÁB© √u§ º\uÔ›]B kƒ™ ÂÁ¶

BV™m, gÏkx^· ŒÚ z§©Á√¬ Ì|>ÈVÔ› >Ú˛[≈m:

""... ∂kÏ ∂O]™xD nÕ>VD \Ë ºkÁ· x>_ √›>VD

\Ë ºkÁ· kÁ´lKD º√V]›m¬ ÿÔVı| kÕ>VÏ.''

""nÕ>VD \Ë ºkÁ· x>_ √›>VD \Ë ºkÁ· kÁ´''

®[√m ÔVÁÈ 11ä00 \Ë x>_ \VÁÈ 4ä00 \Ë kÁ´ c^·

ºÂ´\VzD. cÈ˛[ ∂Õ>© √z]l_ ÷ÚÕ> \¬Ô^, ÂVπ[

∂Õ>© √z]l_ F° ÿÔV^km kw¬Ô\VzD. ÂVπ[

Á\B©√z]l_ ÷Õ> nÕm \Ë ÷Á¶ÿkπl_,

\u≈kÏÔ^ F° ÿÔV^”D º√Vm, kz©√Á≈BV™m

√B[√|›>©√¶V\_ ÷ÚÕ>m, ∂∫z √°_, ˛§¸mÁk©

√u§ ∂§B sÚD∏BkÏÔ”¬z© º√V]›>VÏ.

√°_ ®º√∑s_ >\¬ÔVÔ°D >Dx¶º™ ̶ ÷ÚÕ>kÏ

Ô”¬ÔVÔ°D >\m ÁÔÔπ™V_ ºkÁÈ ÿƒF>>VÔ©

∏[™Vπ_ z§©∏‚¶VÏ (20:34). \uÆD, ∂kÏ ÿkπB´∫Ô

\VF© º√V]›>º>V|, T| T¶VÔ°D º√V]›>VÏ

(k. 20) ä √Ôo_ \‚|\_ÈVm ÷´sKD º√V]›>VÏ

(k. 31). ®™ºk, √°o[ ∂[≈V¶© √Ë ÂÁ¶xÁ≈

∂‚¶kÁ ∏[kÚ\VÆ ÷ÚÕ]Ú¬Ô ºkı|D: ÔVÁÈ 7

\Ë x>_ 11 \Ë kÁ´ ∂kÏ (∂ºÂÔ\VF g¬˛_ÈV

\uÆD ∏ˆ¸˛_ÈVπ[ √Ë\Á™l_) ̶V´› ÿ>Va_

ÿƒF>VÏ; ÔVÁÈ 11 x>_ \VÁÈ 4 \Ë kÁ´lKD ]≈[–

212

s[ √^πl_ º>k–Á¶B kƒ™›Á>© º√V]›>VÏ;

\VÁÈ 4 \Ë x>_ ÷´° 9.30 \Ë kÁ´lKD ∂kÏ

º\KD ̶V´ ºkÁÈ ÿƒF>VÏ; ÷´° 9.30 x>_ Â^π´°

kÁ´lKD ∂kÏ T|Ôπ_ º√V]›>VÏ. ÷m √°ÁÈ© √u§fl

EÈkuÁ≈¬ ÌÆ˛[≈m: ∂kÏ kƒ™›Á>© º√V]¬Ô

sÚD∏™VÏ!

]≈[–s[ √^πl_ √°_ º√V]›> ºÂ´ ºkÁ·BV™

mD ̶ ∂©√z]l_ ÷ÚÕ> \¬ÔÁ·©√u§ ÷[–D

EÈkuÁ≈¬ ÌÆ˛[≈m: ∂kÏÔ^ kƒ™›Á>© √Ω¬ÔsÚD∏™VÏÔ^. ŒÀÿkVÚ ÂV”D ∂kÏÔπ[ Âı√ÏÔ”D,

∂ıÁ¶ ∂BÈVÏÔ”D √Ô_ F° ÿÔV^”ÁÔl_,

∂kÏÔ^ √°o[ º√V>Á™ÁB¬ ÔkM›>VÏÔ^! ÂVD

®º√∑s_ kVµÕ]ÚÕ>V_, ÔuƬ ÿÔV^· ÷Àk·°

gÏk\VF ÷ÚÕ]Ú©º√V\V? ÂVD kVø˛[≈ ÷¶›]_

ÔuƬ ÿÔV^k>uz ÷Àk·° gÏk›m¶[ ÷Ú¬˛[

º≈V\V?

kƒ™D 10_, ""÷´ı| kÚ≠ÔVÈD ÷©√Ω Â¶Õ>'' >VÔ¬

Ì≈©√|˛[≈m. ÷Õ> ÷´ı| kÚ¶ÔVÈxD, √°_ ÿ¤√

gÈB›]_ º√V]›]ÚÕ> J[Æ \V> ÔVÈxD (k. 8),

(ŒÚºkÁ·) kƒ™D 22[ ""EÈ ÔVÈxD'' ºƒÏÕ>V_

∏[™Vπ_ √°o™V_ (20:31_) z§©∏¶©√‚¶ ""J[Æ

kÚ≠∫Ô^'' ®[√m xøÁ\BVÔÈVD. √°_ >\m sºƒ≠

ªaB© ∏´BV∫Ôπ_ tÔ ∂]Ô\V™ ÔVÈD ˆ¶›]_

>∫˛Bm ÷mºkBVzD, ÷m ∂kÏ ®º√∑s_ Ôı¶ >Mfl

E≈©√V™ kVF©Á√fl ∑‚Ω¬ÔV‚|˛[≈m (1 ÿÔVˆ. 16:9).

ÿ√ÚD√VKD √°o[ xBuEÔπ[ sÁ·kVÔ,

kƒ™\V™m ®º√∑s_ \‚|t[§, º´V\VMBV \VÔV

\VlÚÕ> gEBV xøk]KD √´sBm, ""gEBVs_

zΩlÚÕ> R>ÚD ˛º´¬ÔÚ\V˛B ®_ÈVÚD ÔÏ›>´V˛B

÷ºB∑s[ kƒ™›Á>¬ ºÔ‚¶VÏÔ^'' (∂©. 19:10g).

√°o[ ®]ˆÔ^ ∏[™Vπ_, ""... ÷Õ>© √°_ ®[√k[

ÿƒV_o, ®º√∑sºÈ \V›]´\_È, ÿÔVfiƒ∫ zÁ≈B gEBV

®∫zD ∂ºÂÔ ¤™∫Ô”¬z© º√V]›m, ∂kÏÔÁ·

kƒ©√|›]¬ ÿÔVı¶V[ ...'' (k. 26) ®[Æ Ì§™VÏÔ^.

gEBVs[ ""∞ø ƒÁ√Ô^'' (ÿkπ. 1:11) BV°D ÷_ÈV

213

s‚¶VKD ∂ÁkÔπ_ ÿ√ÚD√VÈV™ ƒÁ√Ô^ \uÆD

ÿÔVºÈVºƒ \uÆD ®º´V©º√Vo g˛B ÷¶∫Ôπ_ ÷ÚÕ>

ƒÁ√Ô^ g˛BÁk ÷Õ>¬ ÔVÈÔ‚¶›]_ WÁÈÂV‚¶©

√‚¶™ (ÿÔVºÈV. 1:2; 4:13), kÁ´√¶›]_ ÔV°D.

®_ÈV ªaB›Á>•D √°ºÈ ÿƒ[Æ ÿƒFBs_ÁÈ.

QV™x^· >ÁÈkÏ ŒÚkÏ \u≈kÏÔ”¬z© √luE Bπ›m,

∂kÏÔÁ· ª¬zs›m, >DÁ\© ÿ√Ú¬˛¬ ÿÔV^”˛[≈VÏ.

y›m°D yº\V›º>•D ®º√∑ ªaB›]_ √°K¬z› mÁ

AˆÕ>>VÔ ÂVD x[º√ z§©∏‚º¶VD. ∂m º√VȺk,

®´¸m ®[–D ÿ√BÏ ÿÔVı¶ ŒÚ ƒºÔV>´ÚD (∂©. 19:22),

ÿƒV¸>º™ ®[√kÚD (1 ÿÔVˆ. 1:1, 2) ∂kÚ¶[ ªaBD

ÿƒF>™Ï. \uÆD, ÿÔVºÈVÿƒl_ ÷ÚÕm ÷´ı|

ƒºÔV>´ÏÔ^䮩√V©∏´V \uÆD ∂Ϭ˛©A ä √°o™V_

√luÆs¬Ô©√‚|, ªaB¬ Ô‚¶Á· ÿ√uƬ ÿÔVı¶VÏ

Ô^ (ÿÔVºÈV. 1:7, 8; 4:12, 13, 17; ∏ºÈV. 2, 23). ""√°K¬z

ka› mÁBVF kÕ> \¬ÿÔº>VMB´V˛B'' (∂©. 19:29)

ÔV•°D ∂ˆ¸>Ϭz°D ̶ ∂kÚ¶[ gEBVs_ ªaBD

ÿƒF]Ú¬Ô kVF©A c^·m ä \uÆD √°o[ ªaB

Âı√ÏÔ·V™ g¬˛_ÈV \uÆD ∏ˆ¸˛_ÈV^ g˛ºBVÁ´

ÂVD \≈¬Ô¬ ̶Vm (18:18, 19, 26).

√°_, º>k–Á¶B kƒ™D √u§ >\m ÿkπB´∫Ô\V™

º√V>Á™l_ ÿ√ÚD√VÈV™kuÁ≈ ®º√∑s_, ]≈[–

s[ √^π¬Ì¶›]_ º√V]›>VÏ (19:9, 10). ∂Õ> \VÔV

xøk]KD ÷ÚÕm kÕ> \VkÏÔ”¬z ∂∫z ∂kÏ

º√V]›>VÏ. ∂kÏÔ^ ∏≈z kƒ™›Á>› >∫Ô^ ÿƒVÕ>

ÂÔ´∫Ô”¬z ®|›mfl ÿƒ[≈VÏÔ^. ®|›m¬ÔV‚¶VÔ,

∏[™Vπ_ √°_, ÿÔVºÈVºƒ, ȺkV]¬ºÔBV, \uÆD

∂©√z]l_ ÷ÚÕ> (ȺkV]¬ºÔBVs[ ∂Ú˛_ ÷ÚÕ>

®ÿ´V©º√Vo c‚√¶) ∏≈ ÂÔ´∫Ô^ g˛Bku§uz >VD

\‚|D ÿƒ[Æ º√V]›>>VÔ¬ Ì≈s_ÁÈ (ÿÔVºÈV. 2:1).

ÿÔVºÈVÿƒ, ∂ºÂÔ\VF ȺkV]¬ºÔBV \uÆD ®ÿ´V©

º√Vo g˛B ÂÔ´∫Ô”¬z ∑sºƒ≠\V™m, √°o[

g>´s_ kVµÕ> ®©√V©∏´Vs™V_6 ®|›mfl ÿƒ_È©

√‚¶m (ÿÔVºÈV. 1:7, 8; 4:12, 13).

√°_ \uÆD ∂k´m c¶[ ªaB¬ÔV´ÏÔ”¬˛ÚÕ>

214

Ák´V¬˛BD Â\¬z ÷Ú¬Ô ºkı|D ®[√Á> ÂV[

®Àk·kVF sÚDA˛[º≈[! ∂©√ΩlÚÕ>V_, ÂVD

kVøD √z]l_ c^· \¬Ô^ BVkÚD ""ÔÏ›>ÚÁ¶B

kƒ™›Á>¬ ºÔ‚¶VÏÔ^!'' ®[Æ Ì≈ xΩ•D.

ŒÚ A]B ∂Á≈Ìk_ (19:11ä20)÷©ÿ√Vøm ÂVD ®º√∑s_ ÷ÚÕ> sºƒ¥›>

∂Á≈Ìko¶›]_ kÚ˛[º≈VD, ÷m c´V ∂§s™ˆ[

∂Á≈Ìk_ gzD. ÷>uz x[ √°_, ŒÚ \Õ]´kV]

(13:6ä11) \uÆD z§ ÿƒV_È ∞°˛≈ gsÁB¬ ÿÔVıΩÚÕ>

ÿ√ı (16:16ä18) g˛ºBVÁ´ ®]Ï ÿÔVıΩÚÕ>VÏ, g™V_

®º√∑s_ ÷ÚÕ> ∂·°¬z \Õ]´kV>D \uÆD J¶

ÂD∏¬ÁÔ g˛BkuÁ≈ ∂kÏ ÷>uz x[A ŒÚÿ√VømD

®]Ï W[≈]_ÁÈ.

√°_ k_ÈÁ\ ÿ√u§ÚÕ>VÏ√°_ k_ÈÁ\ ÿ√u§ÚÕ>VÏ√°_ k_ÈÁ\ ÿ√u§ÚÕ>VÏ√°_ k_ÈÁ\ ÿ√u§ÚÕ>VÏ√°_ k_ÈÁ\ ÿ√u§ÚÕ>VÏ

º>k[ ŒÚ \M>Ú¬z¬ Ô‚¶Á·l|Dº√Vm,

∂D\M>Ï ∂¬Ô‚¶Á·ÁB WÁ≈ºku≈› º>ÁkBV™

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JÈ\VÔ› º>k[ ∞uÔ™ºk ∂uA>∫ÔÁ·fl ÿƒF]ÚÕ>VÏ

(14:8ä10; 2 ÿÔVˆ. 12:12n¬ ÔV°D), g™V_ ®º√∑s_

\Õ]´kV> ä Z]BV™, c´V ∂§s_ ä ª§› º>VFÕ>

ƒx>VB›Á>© √°_ ®]Ï ÿÔV^”ÁÔl_, ÔÏ›>Ï ∂kÚ¬z

÷[–D \Vÿ√ÚD k_ÈÁ\ÔÁ·¬ ÿÔV|›>VÏ: ""√°o[

ÁÔÔπ™VºÈ º>k[ sºƒ¥›> ∂uA>∫ÔÁ·fl ÿƒF>Úπ

™VÏ'' (∂©. 19:11; ∂Ω¬ºÔVΩ‚¶Ák ®[™V_ ko•Æ›>©

√|˛[≈™). ®_ÈV ∂uA>∫Ô”D ∂ÁkÔπ[ ÷B_A©√Ω

sºƒ¥›>ÁkÔº·BVzD. gÁÔBV_ ÷Õ> ∂uA>∫Ô^

tÔ°D sºƒ¥›>ÁkÔ·VzD.

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∂ÁkÔπ[ sÁ·°Ôπ_ ∂]Ô\V™ sºƒ¥›> >[Á\

÷Ú¬Ôs_ÁÈ: ""∂k–Á¶B ƒZ´›]oÚÕm cÆ\V_

ÔÁ·•D ÔflÁƒÔÁ·•D ÿÔVı| kÕm, sBV]¬ÔV´Ï º\_

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215

ÿ√V_ÈV> gsÔ”D ∂kÏÔÁ· s‚|© A≈©√‚¶™''7

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kÕm gÊÏkV>D ÿ√u≈>VÔ kƒ™D ÌÆk]_ÁÈ, g™V_

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•D ®|›mfl ÿƒ[≈VÏÔ^'' ®[Æ ÌÆ˛[≈m. ÷m √°_

ƒV>V´\VÔ >\m c¶o_ ∂ËÕ]ÚÕ> gÁ¶ÔÁ·¬

z§¬˛[≈m. ""cÆ\V_Ô^'' ®[√Ák ´›]_ ∏[™_

ºkÁÈ ÿƒFB©√‚¶ EÆ ƒm´› mËÔ^ ∂_È, g™V_

∂ÁkÔ^ √°_ ̶V´ ºkÁÈ ÿƒF•Dº√Vm ∞u√|D

sBÏÁkÁB› mÁ¶©√>uÔVÔ© √B[√|›>©√‚¶ ÿ√ˆB

mËÔ^ gzD. ∂kÏ ∂[§ÚÕ> (÷[ÆD c^·)

kw¬Ô›][√ΩºB ÷›mËÔÁ·› >\m >ÁÈl_ Ô‚Ω

lÚÕ]Ú©√VÏ. ÿ\Vaÿ√BÏ©√V·Ï A‘¸ ÷ÁkÔÁ·,

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÷ÁkÔÁ· ""sBÏÁk¬ Ô‚|Ô^'' ®[ÆD ∂Áw¬˛[≈VÏ

Ô^. ""ÔflÁƒÔ^'' ®[√Ák √°_ >\m cÁ¶ÔÁ·©

√VmÔV¬Ô ∂ËÕm ÿÔVı¶ cÁw©√VπÔπ[ ÔflÁƒÔ·VÔ

÷ÚÕ]Ú¬ÔÈVD.8

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®ø>©√‚¶ ÔVÈ∫Ôπ_ ¶Õ> ∂uA>∫Ôπ_ ÷m kw¬Ô

\u≈>VÔ ÷ÚÕ>>V_ ÷ÀkÁÔBV™ z©√|›m>_

s]xÁ≈©√ΩBV™m ®[√Á> s¶ s]sȬÔVF ÷ÚÕ>m

®[√Á>ºB ∑‚Ω¬ÔV‚|˛[≈m. ∞ÁwÔ^ \uÆD

sBV]¬ÔV´ÏÔÁ· kfiE›m k·Dÿ√Æ√kÏÔ·V_ ∂©.

19:12 kƒ™©√z]BV™m tÔ sÚ©√›m¶[ ""g>V´ kƒ™D''

®[Æ √B[√|›>©√|k>V_, ÂV[ ÷Á>¬ z§©∏¶

ºkıΩB>VF gluÆ. z©√|›m√kÏÔ^ ®[Æ

>∫ÔÁ· ∂Áw›m¬ ÿÔV^√kÏÔ^ ""gÊÏk]›m'' ∂–©∏B

®_ÈV ÁÔ¬z‚Á¶ÔÁ·•D, mı|› mËÔÁ·•D Œ[Æ

ºƒÏ›m› Á>›>V_, ∂Ák WflƒB\VF cÈÔ›][ ÿ√ÚD

√z]ÁB JΩs|D!

\Vuz 16:17, 18_ ÷ºB∑s[ kV¬z›>›>D>V[ √°o[

JÈ\VÔ› º>k™V_ ÿƒFB©√‚¶m: ""... ®[ ÂV\›]™VºÈ

∏ƒV∑ÔÁ·› m´›mkVÏÔ^; ... sBV]¸>Ϻ\_ ÁÔÔÁ·

Ák©√VÏÔ^, ∂©ÿ√Vøm ∂kÏÔ^ ÿƒV¸>\VkVÏÔ^ ...''

216

ÔÏ›>Ï >VD √°o¶›]_ ŒÚ E≈©√V™ kÁÔl_ ÷ÚÕ>Á>

®º√EBÏÔ^ ∂§Õm ÿÔV^”D√ΩBVÔºk ""√°o[

ÁÔÔπ™VºÈ'' ∂Õ> ∂uA>∫ÔÁ·¬ ÔÏ›>Ï ÿƒF>VÏ.

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√°o™V_ ÿƒFB xΩÕ>ÁkÔπ™V_ ~Ϭԩ√‚¶kÏ

Ôπ_, ""∏´>V™ gƒVˆB™V˛B ¸ºÔkV ®[–D Ï R>–

Á¶B z\V´Ï ∞ø º√Ï''(∂©. 19:14)Ô”D ÷ÚÕ>™Ï.

""∏´>V™ gƒVˆB['' ®[≈ ÿƒVuÿ≈V¶´V™m, ¸ºÔkV

®[√kÏ ∏´>V™ gƒVˆBˆ[ z|D√›Á>fl ºƒÏÕ>kÏ ®[Æ

∑‚Ω¬ÔV‚|k>VlÚ¬ÔÈVD.9 ÷m ∂k´m z|D√›][

Ô^·›>™\V™ cˆÁ\ºÔVÚ>_ÔÁ· Ô™©√|›]¬

ÿÔV^· ∑B Ôu√Á™l™V_ º\uÿÔV^·©√‚¶ √‚¶

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s[ √ÁwB º\uz© √z]l_ ÷ÚÕ> kfiƒÔÏÔπ_ EÈÏ

ÔV©AˆÁ\ ÿ√u≈ \ÚÕmÔÁ·© º√VÈfl ÿƒFk>uz >∫Ô^

ÿ√BÏÔ”¬z x[ ""\Ú›mkÏ'' ∂_Èm ""º√´VEˆBÏ'' ®[≈

√‚¶›Á>fl ºƒÏ›m¬ ÿÔVı¶m º√V[≈>VzD).

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√‚ΩÚÕ>V_, Ÿ¬ÔV ÷ÀkVÏ›Á>ÔÁ· º\uºÔV^

z§Ô”¶[ ®ø]lÚ©√VÏ'' ®[˛≈VÏ A‘¸.

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Ì‚|˛[≈m. ∞ø ®[≈ ®ı ä R>ÏÔ·V_ \‚|t[§,

J¶ÂD∏¬ÁÔ•Á¶BkÏÔ·VKD ä sºƒ¥›> >Mfl

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\Õ]´kV]Ô^'' (k. 13∂) ®[Æ Ÿ¬ÔV s·¬Ô©√|›]™VÏ,

"Exorcist'' ®[√m "out'' ®[Æ ÿ√VÚ^√|D º´¬Ô kVÏ›Á>

BVzD, "oath'' ®[√>[ sÁ™kΩk© ÿ√VÚ^ >ÚD º´¬Ô

kVÏ›Á>•D ÷ÁÕ> ˛º´¬Ô¬ Ì‚| kVÏ›Á>l[ Œo

ÿ√BÏ©Afl ÿƒV_ gzD. ÷m ÿ√VmkVÔ, ∂∑›> gsÔÁ·

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217

>∫Ô”¬z ÷ÚÕ>m ®[Æ cˆÁ\ºÔVˆ¬ ÿÔVı¶>VÔ,

cÈÔ© ∏´ÔV´\V™ \uÆD ∞°>_ ÿ√u≈ ®[≈ ÷ÚkÁÔ

BV™ ®ø›>V·ÏÔ”º\ √]° ÿƒFm^·™Ï (\›. 12:27;

Ÿ¬. 11:19).10

ºk>VÔ\D xøk]KD, ∂©. 19:13_ \‚|º\ "exorcist''

®[≈ kVÏ›Á> ÔV©√|˛[≈m. ÷ºB∑ ŒÚ exorcist

(º√ºBV‚|√kÏ) ∂_È. ∂∑›> gsÔÁ·› m´›mk>uz

∂kÏ ŒÚÿ√VømD kV¬zÆ]ÁB© √B[√|›>s_ÁÈ.

∂kÏ ÿkƺ\, ""¿ º√ƒV\_ ... A≈©√‚|© º√V ...!'' (\Vu.

1:25) ®[Æ Ì§™VÏ, gsÔ^ µ©√ΩÕ>™ (\›. 8:16; \Vu.

5:8; 9:25; Ÿ¬. 4:35). ∂mº√VȺk, ∂©º√V¸>ÈÏÔ”D

∂∑›> gsÔÁ·› m´›]B º√Vm, ∂]oÚÕm

∞ÿ>V[Á≈•D ∂kÏÔ^ cu√›] ÿƒFBs_ÁÈ. ®Õ> s>fl

ƒ¶∫ÔVflƒV´xD ÷_ÈV\_, ∂kÏÔ^, ""¿ ... A≈©√|D√Ω

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l|˛º≈[ ..!'' (∂©. 16:18) ®[Æ Ì§™VÏÔ^ ä ∂mºk

∂flÿƒBÁȬ ÔkM›m¬ ÿÔVı¶m.11

÷Õ> R> ""\Õ]´kV]Ô^'' cıÁ\lºÈ gsÔÁ·›

m´›> xΩÕ>>V? ÷ÚÕ]Ú¬ÔÈVD,12 g™V_ ÷Õ> ∞ø

º√ÚD ∏[kÚD ÔV´∫Ôπ™V_ kfiƒÔÏÔ·VF ÷ÚÕ>VÏ

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ÔkM•∫Ô^. ºÂÏÁ\BV™ ŒÚ \M>Ï, ]Ú¶ÏÔπ[

̶V´D Œ[§_ sBV√V´D ÿƒFkÁ>› >sϬ˛[≈VÏ.

÷Õ> \M>ÏÔº·V, ®º√∑ ÂÔˆ_ ÷ÚÕ> \VBs›Á>fl

∑´ı¶_ÔV´ÏÔ”¶[ ÷´ı¶≈¬ ÔÈÕ]ÚÕ>VÏÔ^.

(2) ∂kÏÔ^ ""º>ƒVÕ>ˆÔ·VF ]ˆ˛≈kÏÔ^'' (k. 13) ®[Æ

skˆ¬Ô©√‚¶VÏÔ^. KJVl_ “vagabond” ®[Æ^·m; NCV

(New Century Version)l_ “were travelling around” ®[Æ^·m.

kfiƒÔÏÔ^ ˆ¶›]_ ¿ı¶ ÂV‚Ô^ >∫˛lÚ©√m

∂√VB\V™>VzD; ∂kÏÔ^ ÿ√VmkVÔ ÷¶D \V§¬

ÿÔVıº¶lÚ©√VÏÔ^. (3) ∂kÏÔ^ ŒÚ ∂∑›> gsÁB›

m´›mk>uz© √°o[ kVÏ›Á>ÔÁ·© √B[√|›> xΩ°

ÿƒF>VÏÔ^ (k. 13). √°_ ÿ√u§ÚÕ> ∂º> ÿku§ÁB

∂kÏÔ”D ∞uÔ™ºk ÿ√u§ÚÕ>V_, √°o[ ""\Õ]´

kVÏ›Á>ÔÁ·'' ∂kÏÔ^ ∞[ √B[√|›> ºkı|D?

218

(4) s∑kVƒ\u≈ R>ÏÔ^ ®[≈ kÁÔl_, ∂kÏÔ^

cÏÕº>V c´V\ºÈV ƒV›>V–¶[ ÿÂÚ∫˛ ÷ÁÕm

ÿƒB_√‚¶VÏÔ^ (ÿkπ. 2:9). ƒV›>V[ >™¬z ªaBD

ÿƒF˛≈kÏÔÁ·¬ ÿÔVıº¶ ∂∑›> gsÔÁ·› m´›]

™V_ ∂m \]X™\V™>VzD ®[Æ ÷ºB∑ ̧™VÏ

(\›. 12:26) ä ƒV›>V[ \]X™\V™k™_È.¸ºÔVkVs[ \Ô[Ô^ √°o[ ÿku§ÁB¬ Ôı¶

º√Vm, >∫Ô”¬z© √°o[ ""\Õ]´ ºkÁÈ'' √o¬z\V ®[Æ

ÔVı√>uz, ∂Á>© √B[√|›> xΩ° ÿƒF>VÏÔ^.

∂kÏÔ^, ""ÿ√V_ÈV> gsÔ^ ∏Ω›]ÚÕ>kÏÔ^ º\_

ÔÏ›>´V˛B ÷ºB∑s[ ÂV\›Á>fl ÿƒV_È› mËÕm;'' (∂©.

19:13g). J¶ÂD∏¬ÁÔ•Á¶BkÏÔ^, EÈ kVÏ›Á>ÔÁ·

∂uA>\V™ÁkÔ^, \VB\Õ]´ k_ÈÁ\•^·ÁkÔ^ ®[Æ

ÔÚm˛[≈VÏÔ^. ÿ√VÚ·u≈ √Ès> cflƒˆ©AÔ·V˛B

""÷´ÔEB›Á>'' ¬ ÿÔVıΩÚÕ> º>V_ ∑Ú^Ô^, ∂ÁkÔπ[

cˆÁ\BV·Ú¬z ∂uA>\V™ k_ÈÁ\Ô^ √ÈkuÁ≈

""c›>´kV>© √|›]B>V_'' ∂·ku≈ sÁÈÔ”¬z suÔ©

√‚¶™ (k. 19). ÷Õ> ∞ø \Ô[Ô”D, ""÷ºB∑'' ®[√º>

√°o[ ""÷´ÔEB kVÏ›Á>'' ®[Æ xΩ° ÿƒF>VÏÔ^.14

∂kÏÔ^ ÷ºB∑Ák ºÂ´ΩBVÔ ∂§Õ]´V>>V_, ""√°_

∏´ƒ∫˛¬˛≈ ÷ºB∑s[ º√ˆ_ gÁl‚| c∫Ô”¬z¬

Ô‚¶Á·l|˛º≈VD'' (k. 13÷; ∂Ω¬ºÔVΩ‚¶Ák

®[™V_ ko•Æ›>©√|˛[≈™) ®[Æ Ô>§™VÏÔ^.

ÿ√V_ÈV> gsl[ √]_ÿƒBo_ ºÔVÈV™ ÂÁÔfl

∑Ák ÔV©√|˛[≈m:

ÿ√V_ÈV> gs ∂kÏÔÁ· ºÂV¬˛: ""÷ºB∑Ák∂§ºk[, √°ÁÈ•D ∂§ºk[, ¿∫Ô^ BVÏ'' ®[ÆÿƒV_o, ÿ√V_ÈV> gsÁB•Á¶B \–≠[∂kÏÔ^15 º\_ √VFÕm, √ÈV›ÔV´D √ıË,∂kÏÔÁ· º\uÿÔV^·, ∂kÏÔ^ WÚkVËÔ”DÔVB©√‚¶kÏÔ”\V˛ ∂Õ> T‚Á¶ s‚| Ω©º√V™VÏÔ^ (k. 15, 16).

ÿ√V_ÈV> gs ∏Ω›]ÚÕ> \M>Ï, \M> ÷B_A¬z

º\ÈV™ √ÈD ÿÔVı¶k´V˛ (\Vu. 5:2ä4 n¬ ÔV°D),

219

º√ºBV‚ΩÔ·VÔ ÷Ú¬Ô sÚD∏™ ∂kÏÔπ[ cÁ¶

ÔÁ·¬ ˛a›m© º√V‚|16 clÚ¬z© √BÕm |D√Ω

∂kÏÔπ[ c¶_ÔÁ· ∂Ω›m¬ ÔVB©√|›]Bm. ""∂kÏÔ^

[>∫Ô^ ƒ¶∫˛_ ÷ºB∑s[ ÿ√BÁ´©] √B[√|›> xBuE

ÿƒF> º√Vm, ∂m √w¬Ô\u≈ ŒÚ g•>D >k≈VÔ¬

ÁÔBV·©√‚|, ∂kÏÔπ[ Ô´∫Ôπ_ ÿkΩ›>m

º√VÈVluÆ'' ®™ A‘¸ s·¬Ô\π¬˛[≈VÏ. ÷Ú·V™

c´V ∂§°© √ı√_È, g™V_ ""∂kÚÁ¶B ÂV\›Á>©

√uÆD s∑kVƒº\'' ÷ºB∑s[ k_ÈÁ\ÁB› >Õ>m

®[√Á> ∂kÏÔ^ AˆÕm ÿÔV^·› >k§s‚¶VÏÔ^

(∂©. 3:16; ∂Ω¬ºÔVΩ‚¶Ák ®[™V_ ko•Æ›>©

√|˛[≈™).

÷ºB∑ º\[Á\© √|›>©√‚¶VÏ÷ºB∑ º\[Á\© √|›>©√‚¶VÏ÷ºB∑ º\[Á\© √|›>©√‚¶VÏ÷ºB∑ º\[Á\© √|›>©√‚¶VÏ÷ºB∑ º\[Á\© √|›>©√‚¶VÏ

º√ºBV‚|k]_ ∞u√‚¶ xø› º>V_sBV™m ÂÔ´D

xøk]KD √´sBm: ""÷m ®º√∑s_ zΩlÚÕ> R>Ï

˛º´¬ÔÏ ∂Á™kÚ¬zD ÿ>ˆBkÕ>º√Vm'' (19:17∂). √°_

º>k™V_ ∂∫ˇÔˆ¬Ô©√‚¶kÏ ®[√mD, >∫ÔÁ· ∂uA>D

ÿƒF√kÏÔ^ ®[Æ ∂Áw›m¬ ÿÔVı¶kÏÔ^ º>k™V_

A≈¬Ôˬԩ√‚¶kÏÔ^ ®[√mD ÿ>πkVluÆ. ®ÚƒºÈ

t_ ∂™MBV \uÆD ƒ©¨´V”¬z (5:10), º>k–Á¶B

>ı¶Á™ ˛Á¶›> ∏≈z √BD cı¶V™m º√VȺk,

""∂kÏÔÿ·_ÈVÚD √B\Á¶Õ>VÏÔ^'' (k. 17g) ®[√m

ŒÚ sÁ·kVluÆ. ""ÔÏ›>´V˛B ÷ºB∑s[ ÂV\D

\˛Á\©√‚¶m'' (19:17÷) ®[√m ÷[ÿ™VÚ sÁ·kVÔ

÷ÚÕ>m. ÷ºB∑s[ ÂV\›Á>¬ ÔıJΩ›>™\VÔ©

√B[√|›mkm >∫Ô^ c¶_ÂÈ›]uz ªÆsÁ·s¬Ô¬

Ì|D ®[Æ \VBs›Á> ¶©∏›>kÏÔ^ ÔuƬ

ÿÔVı¶VÏÔ^!

÷Õ> WÔµflEBV™m EÈ ˛§¸>kÏÔÁ· cÏ°Á¶

BkÏÔ·V¬˛Bm ®[√m tÔ°D x¬˛B\V™ sÁ·°Ôπ_

Œ[≈VzD. ®º√EBÏÔπ_ EÈÏ, zwÕÁ>© √Úk›]oÚÕº>

gw\VF¬ Ôu≈§Õ]ÚÕ> c´V ∂§s™ˆ[ √w¬Ô∫ÔÁ·

>∫Ô^ J¶fl ÿƒB_ÔÁ·, §¸>kÏÔ·V™ ∏≈z xøkmD

ÁÔs‚ΩÚ¬Ôs_ÁÈ. ƒ¶∫ÔVflƒV´\V™ ""\VB ºkÁÈÔ^''

220

®[√Ák cıÁ\BV™ ∂uA>∫Ôπ_ ÷ÚÕm ÿ>πkVÔºk

x´ı√‚¶]™V_, ""s∑kVE›>kÏÔπ_ ∂ºÂÔÏ kÕm,

>∫Ô^ ÿƒFÁÔÔÁ· ÿkπ©√|›] ∂§¬ÁÔl‚¶VÏÔ^''

(k. 18). ÿ>V¶ÏÕ> ÿƒB_√V‚Á¶¬ ÔkM•∫Ô^: ""... kÕm,

... ÿkπ©√|›] ∂§¬ÁÔl‚¶VÏÔ^.'' x>ÈVk>VÔ ŒÚ

˛§¸>kÏ x[™>VÔ ∂ΩÿB|›m Ák›m, >\m >k≈V™

ÿƒB_ÔÁ· ∂§¬ÁÔl‚|¬ Ô>§ ∂ø>VÏ; ∏≈z

÷´ı¶Vkm ŒÚkÏ kÕ>VÏ; ∏≈z ŒÚ ¶¤–¬zD

∂]Ô\V™kÏÔ^ kÕ>VÏÔ^; ÔÁ¶El_ gıÔ^ \uÆD

ÿ√ıÔ^ BVkÚD ÿk^·ÿ\™© ÿ√Ú˛ kÕm Ô¶Õ>

ÔVÈ›]_ J¶ÂD∏¬ÁÔl_ >∫Ô”¬˛ÚÕ> Ô‚|¬Ô^

®_ÈVkuÁ≈•Dd Œº´BΩBVÔ cÁ¶›ÿ>§•D√Ω x[

kÕ>VÏÔ^.

"">∫Ô^ ÿƒFÁÔÔÁ· ÿkπ©√|›]'' ®[≈ ÿƒVu

ÿ≈V¶Á´ ∂Ω¬ºÔVΩ|∫Ô^. ""c´V ∂§°'' ®[≈

kVÏ›Á>BV™m ""\Á≈kV™m'' ®[≈ ºÂ´ΩBV™ ∂Ï›>D

c^·m ®[√Á> WÁ™s_ Ák•∫Ô^. c´V ∂§s™ˆ[

cÈÔ›]_ sBV√V´›]uÿÔ[Æ Ák¬Ô©√‚ΩÚÕ>

(Ák¬Ô©√‚ΩÚ¬zD) ƒ´¬z ""÷´ÔEB ∂§°'' ®[√º>

BVzD, ÷m º>ÏÕÿ>|¬Ô©√‚¶ ŒÚ EÈÚ¬z \‚|º\

˛Á¶¬zD. ∂Õ> ÷´ÔEB∫ÔÁ· ÿkπ©√|›mkÿ>[√m

c´V ∂§s™Ú¶[ c^· ®_ÈV s>\V™ ƒD√Õ>∫

ÔÁ·•D x§›m© º√V|k>VzD.

º√ºBV‚|k]_ ÷ºB∑s[ ÂV\›Á>© √B[√|›>

º\uÿÔV^·©√‚|fl EÁ>kÁ¶Õ> xBuEl™V_

ƒÁ√¬z^πÚÕ>kÏÔ^ \‚|\_ÈVm, ƒÁ√¬z© A≈Dº√

÷ÚÕ>kÏÔ”D √V]¬Ô©√‚¶VÏÔ^. ÷Às>\VÔ, ""\VB

s›Á>¬ÔV´ÏÔ·VlÚÕ>kÏÔπ_ ∂ºÂÔÏ [˛§¸>kÏÔ^

\uÆD ˛§¸>k´_ÈV>kÏÔ^ BVkÚD Œ[Æ º√VȺk]

>∫Ô^ A¸>Ô∫ÔÁ·¬ ÿÔVı| kÕm, ®_ÈVÚ¬z

x[√VÔfl ∑‚ÿ¶ˆ›>VÏÔ^; ∂ÁkÔπ[ ˛´B›Á>›

ÿ>VÁÔ √VÏ›m, nD√]™Vl´D ÿk^π¬ÔVƒVÔ¬ Ôı¶VÏ

Ô^'' (k. 19). ÷Õ>fl ∑Ú^Ôπ_ \Õ]´∫Ô”D, gÊÏkV>

\uÆD ƒV√ kVÏ›Á>Ô”D, ÔV>_ \B¬Ô∫Ô”¬z \ÚÕm¬

z§©A xÁ≈Ô”D, gsÔÁ·› m´›mD Û›]´∫Ô”D,

221

®]ÏÔVÈ›Á>© √u§¬ Ì≈ kaxÁ≈Ô”D, ÷[–D √È

s≠B∫Ô”D ÷ÚÕ>™. ""ÿk^π¬ÔV∑'' ®[√m ∂ºÂÔ\VF,

˛º´¬Ô› ]´V¬\V¬Ô·VF ÷Ú¬ÔÈVD. º´V\VMB

]º™ˆB›Á>© º√VÈ, ºkÁÈBV^ ŒÚkˆ[ ŒÚ ÂV^

ÌoBVÔ ]´V¬\V ®[≈ ÿk^π ÂVBxD ÷ÚÕ>m.

∑‚ÿ¶ˆ¬Ô©√‚¶ÁkÔπ[ sÁÈÁB \]©∏|k>uz,

c∫Ô^ √z]l_ ƒV>V´\VÔ ŒÚ ÂV^ Ìo ®[Æ

>´©√|D √›Á> nD√]™Vl´›>V_ ÿ√Ú¬˛©

√VÚ∫Ô^! √›>Vl´¬ Ô¬ÔV™, ŒÚºkÁ· ±≈Vl´¬

Ô¬ÔV™ ‘√VFÔ^ AÁÔBV˛™!

÷Õ> \¬Ô^ >∫Ôπ[ A›>Ô∫ÔÁ· suÆ, ÔÏ›>ÚÁ¶B

ªaB›]uz¬ ÿÔV|¬ÔV>m ∞[? ®[Æ EÈÏ gflƒˆB©

√¶ÈVD. >∫Ôπ[ ""®º√EB¬ ÔΩ>∫ÔÁ·'' ÿÂÚ©∏_

®§Õ>kÏÔ^ ŒÚ cÆ]¬ ÌuÁ≈ º\u ÿÔVı¶VÏÔ^:

∂kÏÔ^ >∫Ôπ[ Ô¶Õ> ÔVÈD xøkÁ>•D Œa›m

s‚¶VÏÔ^, ∂Á> ®_ÈVÚD ∂§B ºkı|D ®[Æ

∂kÏÔ^ sÚD∏™VÏÔ^! (\›. 3:8n¬ ÔV°D). º\KD

∂Õ> º>k√¬]Bu≈ √]ºk|Ô^ ÷M•D ®kÏ ŒÚkˆ[

kVµ¬ÁÔÁB•D ƒ∏©√Á> ∂kÏÔ^ sÚD√s_ÁÈ.

÷>[ sÁ·kVÔ, ""... √È\VF¬ ÔÏ›>ÚÁ¶B kƒ™D

sÚ›]BÁ¶Õm º\uÿÔVı¶m'' (k. 20).17 ®º√EBˆ[

∂Á≈ÌkÈV™m ŒÚ ÂD√¬Ì¶V> kÁÔl_ ƒÕ]¬Ô

ºÂÏÕ>m.

ÿ>V¶ÚD ∂Á≈Ìk_®º√EBfl ÿƒV¬Ô©√Á™› yl[ AÁÔBV™m º\_

ºÂV¬˛fl ∑w[Æ ÿƒ_kÁ> ÂVD ÔkM¬ÁÔl_, ""Â\m

ÿƒVÕ> kVµ¬ÁÔl_ ÂVD º\uÿÔV^”D√ΩBVÔ› º>k[

sÚDAD √B[√V| ®[™?'' ®[Æ ÂVD ºÔ‚√m º>Ák.

ƒV›>V–Á¶B √w¬Ô∫Ô”¶[ c^· ®Õ>ƒV›>V–Á¶B √w¬Ô∫Ô”¶[ c^· ®Õ>ƒV›>V–Á¶B √w¬Ô∫Ô”¶[ c^· ®Õ>ƒV›>V–Á¶B √w¬Ô∫Ô”¶[ c^· ®Õ>ƒV›>V–Á¶B √w¬Ô∫Ô”¶[ c^· ®Õ>

c≈°ÔÁ·•D cÁ¶›ÿ>§•∫Ô^c≈°ÔÁ·•D cÁ¶›ÿ>§•∫Ô^c≈°ÔÁ·•D cÁ¶›ÿ>§•∫Ô^c≈°ÔÁ·•D cÁ¶›ÿ>§•∫Ô^c≈°ÔÁ·•D cÁ¶›ÿ>§•∫Ô^

c´V ∂§°¶[ ÂVD ÿÔVı|^· ®Õ>s>

c≈°ÔÁ·•D cÁ¶›ÿ>§B ºkı|D ®[√º> º>k[

222

sÚDA˛[≈ ÿ>πkV™ ŒÚ √B[√V¶VzD. ¤V>Ô∫Ô^,

\º™VkEB c¶™Ω› ÿ>V¶ÏAÔ^, ∂°¤V √ÈÁÔÔ^,18

∂_Èm Â_È]Ïi¶ \Õ]´∫Ô^ g˛BÁkÔπ¶›]_

˛§¸>kÏÔ”¬z ºkÁÈÿBV[Æt_ÁÈ. c´V

∂§ÿk[√m √È ∂√VB∫ÔÁ·¬ ÿÔVı|^·m.

(1) ÂVD ÿ√u§Ú¬Ô ºkı|D ®[√>VÔ› º>k[

sÚD√V> ŒÚ ∂§Ák sÚDAD ∂√VBD c^·m (c√V.

29:29). ""˝k–¬zD º>k√¬]¬zD ºkıΩB BVÁk•D''

ºk>VÔ\›]_ ÿkπ©√|›>©√‚|^·m (ºBVkV. 14:26;19

2 º√m. 1:3; 2 yº\V. 3:16, 17; ÿÔVºÈV. 1:28). ÂVD √]_

ÔÁ·› º>|Dº√Vm, ""cÆ]BV™ kaÁB¬ ÔVı√>uz©

√]ÈVÔ© ÿ√ÚD√VKD ÂVD zƬz kaÁB ÔVºk

xBuE ÿƒF˛[º≈VD'' ®[Æ ˆ¬ g‚flo ∏´ƒ∫˛›>VÏ.

>Á¶ ÿƒFB©√‚¶ ∂§s[º\_ ÿÔVı¶ sÚ©√º\

\M>–Á¶B TµflE ®[≈ sÁ·Ák cı¶V¬˛Bm

®[√Á> WÁ™s_ Ák•∫Ô^ (g]. 3:1ä7).

(2) W›]B\V™ ƒ›]B∫ÔÁ·¬ ÔuƬ ÿÔV^k>uz©

√]ÈVÔ ºÂVF ÿÔVı¶ gÏk∫ÔÁ·› ]Ú©]© √|›mD

xBuE ®[≈ ∂√VBD c^·m. c´V ∂§s[ ""ÿkπ©

√|›m>_Ô^'' ∂u√\V™ÁkÔπ_ Ôk™D ÿƒK›m˛[≈™;

ºk>VÔ\D Â\¬z, √VkD \uÆD ÷´‚E©Á√© √u§•D,

√´ºÈVÔD \uÆD ´ÔD √u§•D ÌÆ˛[≈m.

(3) Â\m kVµ¬ÁÔÁB› º>kÁ™ Á\B\VF¬ ÿÔVı¶

>VÔfl ÿƒFk>uz© √]_, \M>Á™ Á\B\VÔ¬ ÿÔVı¶

>VÔfl ÿƒFm s|D ∂√VBD c^·m. c´V ∂§s™ˆ[

cÈÔ\V™m, ""s≠B∫Ôπ[ ]‚¶›]_ c∫Ôπ[ >M©

√‚¶ ∏´flƒÁ™Ô^ x¬˛B\V™ÁkÔ·VF ÷Ú¬˛[≈™,

c∫Ôπ[ ÿƒVÕ> xBuEÔπ™V_ ∂Õ>© ∏´flƒÁ™ÔÁ·›

yÏ›m¬ ÿÔV^· xΩ•D'' ®[Æ ÌÆ˛[≈m. c´V

∂§s–^ ŒÚkÏ ®Àk·° #´D ÿƒ_˛[≈Vº´V,

∂Àk·° #´D ∂kÏ º>kÁ™ s‚|© ∏ˆÕm ÿƒ_√k´VF

÷Ú¬˛[≈VÏ.

(4) Â\m EÕÁ>ÔÁ·© ÿ√V_ÈV∫˛[ Ô‚|©√V‚Ωu

z› ]≈Õ> WÁÈl_ Ák›m s|D ∂√VBD c^·m. c´V

∂§s[ cÈÔ›]_ OÁw•D ŒÚkÏ, ∏ƒVE[ ®_ÁÈ©

223

√z]l_ OÁw˛[≈VÏ. c´V ∂§s[ ÂÁ¶xÁ≈Ô^

√Èku§_, E›>›Á> Œ©A¬ ÿÔV|›>_ ~|√|›>©

√|˛[≈m (""c∫Ô^ \™Á> ÿkÆÁ\BV¬z∫Ô^,''

º√V[≈Ák). c´V ∂§s[ ÂÁ¶xÁ≈ ŒÀÿkV[ÆD

ƒV›>V–¬z, c∫Ô^ kVµ¬ÁÔÁB¬ Ô‚|©√|›mD

kVF©Á√¬ ÿÔV|¬˛[≈m. ∂™MBV >™m ÷Ú>B›Á>

ƒV›>V[ W´©AD√Ω ∂–\]›>VÏ (∂©. 5:3n¬ ÔV°D);

¿∫Ô^ ÷¶D ÿÔV|›>V_ ƒV›>V[ c∫Ô”Á¶B

÷Ú>B›Á>•D W´©∏ s|kV[!

(5) ƒ›]B›]oÚÕm, >kƬz ka¶›>©√¶¬ ÌΩB

∂√VBD c^·m, ÷Às>\VÔ ÷wÕm º√VÔ©√|>KD

∞u√|˛[≈m. º>k–Á¶B E›>›]uz ®]´V™ÁkÔ^

®Á>•D ª¬zs©√]_ ƒV›>V–¬z ÷Ú¬zD ∂º>

ºÂV¬ÔD>V[ c´V ∂§Ák k·Ï›m cuƒVÔ© √|›m

k]KD ÷Ú¬˛[≈m: \¬Ô^ ÔÏ›>Á´B_È, >[Á™©

∏[√u≈ ºkı|D ®[º≈ ∂k[ ®ıb˛[≈V[; ÂVD

®_ÈVÚD √´ºÈVÔ›]_ º>k–¶™_È, ´ԛ]_ ∂k–

¶[ W›]B›]uzD ÷Ú¬Ô ºkı|D ®[Æ ∂k[

sÚDA˛[≈V[. c´V ∂§soÚÕm Œm∫˛ sÈ˛lÚ¬

zD√Ω º>k[ >\m kƒ™›]_ ÿ>πkVÔ Â\¬z¬

Ô‚¶Á·l|˛[≈VÏ.

˛§¸>k´_ÈV>kÏ, ""÷©∏´√fiƒ›][ º>k™V™k

™V_'' zÚ¶V¬Ô©√‚ΩÚ¬˛[≈VÏ (2 ÿÔVˆ. 4:4), ∂kÏ

¤V>Ô∫Ô^, \º™VkEB c¶™Ω› ÿ>V¶ÏAÔ^, ∂°¤V

√ÈÁÔÔ^ \uÆD Â_È]Ïi¶ \Õ]´∫Ô^ g˛BkuÁ≈

y∫˛_ÈV>ÁkÔ·VÔ¬ ÔıºV¬z√k´VF ÷Ú¬Ô¬ Ì|D,

g™V_ kƒ™›]™V_ ŒπR‚¶©√‚¶ ˛§¸>kÏ, ÷Ák

BV°D ºÔV√›]_ ƒÈƒÈ¬zD √VDÁ√© º√V[Æ ∂√VB

t¬ÔÁk ®[Æ ∂§Õm^·VÏ. ÷ÁkÔ”¬z ®Às> sÚ©√

xD ÷[§ ""ÁÔÔÁ· c>§s|>ºÈ'' §¸>kˆ[ ÿÔV^ÁÔ

BVÔ c^·m. c´V ∂§°¶[ ""ŒÚ E§m \‚|D''

sÁ·BV|>_ ®[√m ""ŒÚ E§m \‚|D'' ÔÏ©√\VF

÷Ú›>_ ®[√m º√V[≈º>BVzD.

224

Ô¶Õ> ÔVÈ© √Vk WÁ≈°¶[ c^· ®_ÈV c≈°ÔÁ·•DÔ¶Õ> ÔVÈ© √Vk WÁ≈°¶[ c^· ®_ÈV c≈°ÔÁ·•DÔ¶Õ> ÔVÈ© √Vk WÁ≈°¶[ c^· ®_ÈV c≈°ÔÁ·•DÔ¶Õ> ÔVÈ© √Vk WÁ≈°¶[ c^· ®_ÈV c≈°ÔÁ·•DÔ¶Õ> ÔVÈ© √Vk WÁ≈°¶[ c^· ®_ÈV c≈°ÔÁ·•D

x§›m© º√V|∫Ô^x§›m© º√V|∫Ô^x§›m© º√V|∫Ô^x§›m© º√V|∫Ô^x§›m© º√V|∫Ô^

""g™V_, c´V ∂§°¶[ ÂV[ Œ[ÆD ÿƒFk>u

˛_ÁÈ'' ®[Æ ¿∫Ô^ ̧¬ ÿÔVıΩÚ¬ÔÈVD. ¿∫Ô^

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c^· c≈°Ô^ BVÁk•D x§¬Ô©√|˛[≈m (∂©. 2:38).

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225

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226

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c∫Ô^ ÷Ú>B›]_ ÷[™xD EÈkuÁ≈› º>¬˛

Ák›]ÚÕm, ƒV›>V–¬z© ∏Ω ÿÔV|¬zD kVµ¬ÁÔ

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227

ƒx>VB›Á> O‚√\VF¬ z§©∏¶°D Ì|D. ÷Às>\VÔ, kƒ™D 9_EÈ ÿ\Vaÿ√BÏ©AÔπ_ ""ƒÁ√¬z x[™>VÔ'' ®[Æ^·m. NASBl_c^· ""Ì‚¶D'' ®[≈ kVÏ›Á> ƒˆBV™m ®[≈ ∂O\V™›]_ ®[s·¬Ô°Á´Ô^ ∂Á\Õm^·™. 4∂ÿ\ˆ¬ÔVs_ ƒÁ√l[ ÿ>V¶¬ÔÂV‚Ôπ_, A]B √z]¬zfl ÿƒ_KD ∏´ƒ∫˛BVÏ ŒÚkÏ, ∂∫z^·√^π¬ Ô‚Ω¶D Œ[Á≈ x>o_ xB[Æ ÿ√uÆ, ∏≈z ∂kÏ ∂∫zŒÀÿkVÚ ÷´sKD º√V]©√m cı|. ±uƬԬÔV™ ƒJÔ∫Ôπ_÷Às>\VÔºk ƒÁ√ WÁÈÂV‚¶©√‚¶m. 5""s›]BV ƒVÁÈ'' ®[Æÿ\Vaÿ√BϬԩ√‚|^· ˛º´¬Ô kVÏ›Á>BV™m ""÷Á·©√VÆ>_''∂_Èm ""F° ºÂ´D'' ®[≈ kVÏ›Á>•¶[ ÿ>V¶ÏAÁ¶B>VF÷Ú¬˛[≈m. ]≈[–s[ √^π¬Ì¶\V™m c¶u√luE ƒVÁÈÿBV[§_ ¶›>© ÿ√u§ÚÕ>VÔfl EÈÏ WÁ™¬˛[≈VÏÔ^. ÷ÕÂV‚Ôπ_ ÷Ú©√m º√VÈ[§, ∂ÕÂV‚Ôπ_ c¶u√luE ƒVÁÈÔ^®[√Ák c¶_ \uÆD \™D g˛Bku§uz© √luEBπ›>™; ∂∫zc¶u√luE ÿƒFB°D, º√V]¬Ô°D ÷¶∫Ô^ ÷ÚÕ>™. 6®©√V©∏´V°D √°K¶[ ƒuÆ© √BD ÿƒF>VÏ ®[√m cÆ]BVzD. ∂kÏ√°K¶[ º´V\VAˆl_ ÷ÚÕ>VÏ (ÿÔVºÈV. 4:12, 13), \uÆD ∂kÏ""̶¬ ÔVko_ Ák¬Ô©√‚ΩÚ©√kÏ'' (∏ºÈ. 23) ®[ÆD ̶∂Áw¬Ô©√‚¶VÏ. 7\Ú›mkÏ Ÿ¬ÔV, *ı|D ŒÚxÁ≈ sBV]¬zD,ÿ√V_ÈV> gs¬zD c^· s›]BVƒ›Á> ÔV‚|˛[≈VÏ. 8÷Õ>""sºƒ¥›> ∂uA>∫Ô^'' Â\¬z, ÷ºB∑s[ gÁ¶ÔÁ·› ÿ>V‚¶º√Vm z\Á¶Õ>kÏÔÁ· WÁ™∆‚|˛[≈™ (\Vu. 5:25ä29; 6:56).º\KD, º√mÚs[ Ww_ søD√ΩBVÔ sBV]B¸>ÏÔ^ ÔV›]ÚÕ>ºÂ´D √u§•D ÂVD WÁ™©Ø‚|˛[º≈VD (""∂©º√V¸>ÈÚÁ¶B¶√ΩÔ^, √VÔD 1'' ÷>a_ 5:15¬ÔV™ z§©AÔÁ·¬ ÔV°D).9""∂©º√V¸>ÈÚÁ¶B ¶√ΩÔ^, √VÔD 1"" ÷>a_ 4:6¬ÔV™ z§©AÔÁ·¬ ÔV°D. ""∏´>V™ gƒVˆBÏ'' ®[Æ ÿ\Vaÿ√BϬԩ√‚|^·˛º´¬Ô kVÏ›Á>BV™m ∂ÀkVÏ›Á> √[Á\© ÿ√VÚπ_ √B[√|›>©√|Dº√Vm \‚|D chief priest ®[Æ (\›. 2:4; x>oB™)kw¬Ô\VÔ ÿ\Vaÿ√BϬԩ√‚|^·m. (÷Às¶›]_ c^·m º√V_)ŒÚÁ\© ÿ√VÚπ_ kÚDº√Vm, ÷m kw¬Ô\VÔ high priest (∂©. 4:6;x>oB™) ®[º≈ ÿ\Vaÿ√BϬԩ√‚|^·m. ÷Às>\VÔ, KJVl_÷Às¶›]_ “high priest ®[Æ^·m. ÷Ú©∏–D, ¸ºÔkV ®[≈ÿ√BÚÁ¶B ∏´>V™ gƒVˆBÏ ŒÚkÏ ŒÚÿ√VømD ÷_ÈV>>V_,NASB ÿ\Vaÿ√BÏ©√V·ÏÔ^ ÷∫z, chief priest ®[≈ kVÏ›Á>ÁB›>Úk>uz xΩ° ÿƒF>VÏÔ^. 10" "cˆÁ\ ºÔVˆ™VÏÔ^'' ®[≈kVÏ›Á>ÁB ÂV[ √B[√|›m˛[º≈[, ∞ÿ™[≈V_, R>ÏÔ^cıÁ\BVÔºk ∂∑›> gsÔÁ·› m´›> xΩ•D ®[Æ xΩÿk|¬ÔÂDÁ\ ko•Æ›mD kƒ™©√z]Ô^ ®m°D ÷_ÁÈ. \›º>• 12 (\uÆDŸ¬ÔV 11)_ c^· ÷ºB∑s[ skV>\V™m ∂∑›> gsÔÁ·R>ÏÔ·V_ m´›> xΩ•\V ÷_ÁÈBV ®[≈ ÷Ú >´©A kV>∫Ô”¬zDƒ\\V™ Ô™D >Úk>VÔºk ÷Ú¬˛[≈m; ÷ºB∑Ák¬ zu≈D ƒV‚ΩBkÏÔ^, >∫Ô^ ƒÔ R>ÏÔ·V_ ∂∑›> gsÔÁ·› m´›> xΩ•D ®[ÆÂD∏™VÏÔ^ ®[√º> ÔÚ›>VzD.

228

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