ccs for industrial - iea greenhouse gas r&d … for industrial sources rouzbeh jafari, ph.d....

CCS for Industrial SourcesRouzbeh Jafari, Ph.D.

Lead Process/Development Engineer, InnovaChimi

InnovaChimi

CO2 capture from industrial sources

• Why CCS from industrial sources is essential?• What is the source of CO2 emission in different industries? • Why reducing CO2 emission from industrial sources is more complex issue compared to the power and Transportation?

• What are the challenges in deploying CCS for industrial sources?• Are there any alternative solutions?• What can be our individual contributions?

Our CO2 Budget for 2DS?

Carbon clock is ticking …

CO2 budget left: 739 Gt (June 9th 2017)

CO2 emission: 38 Gt/year (June 9th 2017)

All the budget will be spent in 19 years

40$/ton CO2 captured and stored 866 $bn/year just to capture 57% of total CO2emission per year

Ref: https://www.mcc‐berlin.net/en/research/co2‐budget.html

Why is Industrial CO2 capture essential?

There are three main sources of CO2 emission

Power and electricity, Transportation Industry

The 2DS suggests a steep deployment path for CCS technologies applied to power generation and a number of industries.

By 2050 more than 60% of the CO2 captured should be from industrial sources

What are the sources of the

CO2 in industries?

There are two main sources

for CO2 from industrial

sources:

On‐site production of heat,

steam or electricity

Chemical reactions that

produce CO2

Emission of CO2 from industrial processes

What are the Major

contributors?

Steel

Cement

Chemicals

Refineries

Gas processing

Pulp and Paper

Bio‐fuels

Gasification

Industrial CO2 sources

Total 39 projects – pilot, planning or commercialized

Capacity: 9Ktpa up to 7 Mtpa

Total Capacity: 40Mtpa

Cumulative 520 Mt CO2 by 2030

Total cumulative required by 2030 based on 2DS from industrial sources 5 Gt CO2

Industrial CO2 capture projects

Air product – Port Artur

Shell ‐ Quest

Jerome

Tomakomai Enid Fertilizer

Coffeyville

Arkalon

Bonanza

Rotterdam Illinois industrial Project

Lantmännen Agroetanol

CPER Artenay Sao Paulo

ECRA studies

ITRI pilot

Norcem’s tests

CEMCAPproject

Calix pilot

ULCOSCOURSE 50

POSCO

Shougang Jingtang Iron and Steel

Abu Dhabi CCS Project

STEPWISE

Sinopec Zhongyuan Oil Field

CO2Capture Project (CCP)

Technology Centre Mongstad

Quebec Pulp Mill Utilisation Project

Boise White Paper Mill Case Study

Piteå Black Liquor Gasification


Iron and steel plant

How much steel production does contribute in total CO2emission?

By 2030 production of steel will increase to 2.5 Gt/year,

1.8 ton CO2/ton crude steel

65 % of it will be in BRIC countries

Global steel production

What are the sources of CO2?

1.8 ton CO2/ton crude steel

CalculationSteel plant: 1.8 ton CO2/ton crude steel

Estimate of cumulative steel production from now to 2030 = 30.5 Gt

Estimate of cumulative CO2 emission from steel plant by 2030 55 Gt

Applying CCS on 15% of Steel production

8.3 Gt CO2 Captured

Cumulative CO2 captured 2015‐2030 and to 2050, by region in 2DS

Thismapiswithoutprejudicetothestatusoforsovereigntyoveranyterritory,tothedelimitationofinternationalfrontiersandboundaries,andtothenameofanyterritory,cityorarea.Ref: iea Technology roadmap, carbon capture and storage, 2013

all numbers in Gt CO28.3 Gt CO2 Captured

Challenges HIGHER Cost for CCS

Source: Flue Gas Analysis in Industry, http://www.testo350.com/downloads/Flue_Gas_in_Industry_0981_2773.pdf

Characterization of the inlet gas to the capture process Steel and Iron Cement Chemicals

(Ammonia plant) Refinery

CO2 concentration (% vol.) 20‐30

Temperature (C) ~150

Pressure (Mpa) 0.1

Contaminations dust

Size and Location

Distributed or concentrated Distributed

Plant Capacity <1Mtpa CO2

Other items

Low grade heat available on site Yes

Availability of the water No


Cement

How much cement production does contribute in total CO2 emission?

By 2030 Production of cement will increase to 5.5 Gt/year,

India and China are the major producers

0.5 ton CO2/ton clinker

Global cement production

Source: Nicolas Muller & Jochen Harnisch, A blueprint for a climate friendly cement industry

What are the sources of CO2 in Cement process?





CO2 concentration (% vol.) 20‐30 20‐40

Temperature (C) ~150 100‐150

Pressure (Mpa) 0.1 0.1

Contaminations dust dust

Size and Location

Distributed or concentrated Distributed Distributed

Plant Capacity <1Mtpa CO2 <1Mtpa CO2

Other items

Low grade heat available on site Yes Yes

Availability of the water No No


Chemical Industries

Global Ammonia production

Source: www.indexmundi.com/en/commodities/minerals/nitrogen/nitrogen_t12.html

0

20

40

60

80

100

North America South America Europe Middle East +Africa

Asia Pacific

Mtpa

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

How much Ammonia production does contribute in total CO2 emission?

Nnumerous large‐scale ammonia production plants worldwide,

Producing equivalent to 159 million tones of ammonia in 2010

China produced 32.1% of the worldwide production, followed by India with 8.9%,

80% or more of the ammonia produced is used for fertilizing agricultural crops.

What are the sources of CO2 in Ammonia Process?

1.3 ton CO2/ton NH3

CH4 + H2O → CO + 3H2

CO + H2O → CO2 + H2





CO2 concentration (% vol.) 20‐30 20‐40 ~8

Temperature (C) ~150 100‐150 200‐250

Pressure (Mpa) 0.1 0.1 0.1

Contaminations dust dust ‐‐‐

Size and Location

Distributed or concentrated Distributed Distributed Distributed

Plant Capacity <1Mtpa CO2 <1Mtpa CO2 <1Mtpa CO2

Other items

Low grade heat available on site Yes Yes Yes

Availability of the water No No Yes


Refineries

Global oil refinery production

Source: www.ibtimes.com/articles/85678/20101125/oil‐crude‐us‐dollar‐ireland‐china‐al‐naimi‐us‐fed‐eia‐oil‐price‐outlook‐100‐mark‐70‐90‐range‐oil‐tec.htm

What are the sources of CO2 in typical complex refinery?

Source: Staerlen et. al. CO2 capture for refineries, a practical approach

International Journal of Green House Gas control, 2010, 4 (2), 316‐320

CO2 emitter Description % of total refinery emissions

Furnaces and boilers Producing heat and steam 30–60%

Utilities Electricity and steam 20–50%

Fluid catalytic cracker CO2 as by-product 20–35%

Hydrogen manufacturing CO2 as by-product 5–20%



Characterization of the inlet gas to the capture process Steel and Iron Cement

Chemicals (Ammonia plant)

Refinery

CO2 concentration (% vol.) 20‐30 20‐40 ~8 5‐15

Temperature (C) ~150 100‐150 200‐250 200‐300

Pressure (Mpa) 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Contaminations dust dust ‐‐‐ SO3, NO2, dust

Size and Location

Distributed or concentrated Distributed Distributed Distributed Concentrated

Plant Capacity <1Mtpa CO2 <1Mtpa CO2 <1Mtpa CO2 >1Mtpa CO2

Other items

Low grade heat available on site Yes Yes Yes Yes

Availability of the water No No Yes Yes

Is CCS the only option?

Alternative materials with lower carbon foot print,Material of construction, Chemicals,

Process improvement: Efficient energy consumption Different chemistry and reaction pathway to eliminate CO2 as a by product

Onsite CO2 utilization Example: Cement curing at cement plant

Alternative solutions will reduce CO2 emission but can not replace CCS,

Thank You!

29

Breakthrough solutions

Lower cost

(CAPEX , OPEX)

Less Environmental impact

Improved Safety

Easier to operate

+200 yr combined experience providing breakthrough solutions for different industries.

Ideas on the paper to commercialization

Solutions for future challenges

InnovaChimi

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Research Development Commercialization

ccs for industrial - iea greenhouse gas r&d … for industrial sources rouzbeh jafari, ph.d....

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