1

1

Chapter 10UMTS

Introduction to Universal Mobile Telecommunications System

2

2

3GQuality of ServiceQoS 3G

GSM Universal Mobile Telecommunications SystemUMTS

3

3

UMTS UMTS

4

4

Section 10.1Section 10.1UMTS UMTS Overview

5

5

UMTS

UMTSUniversal Mobile Telecommunications System 3GPP (the 3rd Generation Partner ship Project) 3GPP http://www.3gpp.org

1988 1992 1995 1997 1998 1999

RACE I Basic studies

RACE II ATDMA CODIT

ACTS/FRAMES FMA1: WTDMA FMA2:WCDMA

ETSI Concept groups

ETSI Decision: WCDMA for FDD operation

3GPP

Release-3

Release-99

Release-4Release-5

Release-6

Release-7

3G :1988 , RACE I (Research of Advanced Communication Technologies in Europe) program, 3G .1992-1995 RACE II CDMA-based CODIT (Code Division Tested) TDMA-based ATDMA (Advanced TDMA Mobile Access) air interface proposal .1995 , ACTS(Advanced Communication Technologies and Services) . ACTS , FRAMES (Future Radio Wideband Multiple Access System) project, RAS (radio access system) proposal. Nokia, Siemens, Ericsson, France Telecom, CSEM/Pro Telecom ., FRAMES proposals: Wideband TDMA (FMA1) Wideband CDMA (FMA2) ETSI, UMTS Air Interface .1996-1997 , proposals ETSI, UMTS UMTS UTRA (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access) candidates. 1997 7 , ETSI proposals : WCDMA, WTDMA, TDMA/CDMA, OFDMA, ODMA. ITU-R IMT 2000 , ETSI proposals , 1998 1, ETSI WCDMA UTRS (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access) air interface. licensed paired bands, FDD. spectrum TDD . 1999 , 3GPP , ETSI 3GPP . UMTS specification , 3GPP. ETSI 3GPP, Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). 1999 3GPP specification: Release-99. , UTRA.

6

6

UMTS

2MbpsQoS

mutual authentication 128 10-6multi-access service

3G-324M video call video telephony

7

7

UMTS

Wideband Code Division Multiple AccessWCDMAUMTSFDDTDD384kbps 128kbpsATM

8

8

QoS

Java Game/ MP3

3G

/request/response

Best effort

Best effort

PDP context , network UE QoS profile.QoS profile core network radio UE. QoS parameters, traffic class, maximum bit rate (kbps), guaranteed bit rate (Kbps), transfer delay (ms). QoS traffic class. Conversational and streaming class are real-time application. Interactive and background class are non-real-time.

9

9

10-1 GSM/GPRS/UMTS 2G/2.5G

GSM / GPRS

Bearer Services- Voice- CS Data (CSD)

9.6 kbps- PS Data (PSD) 115 kbps

CS2

- New coding scheme- packet switchedcore network

3G

UMTS Rel-3

Bearer Services- Voice- CSD64 kbps- PSD

2 Mbps

- UTRA FDD/TDD3.84 Mcps

- ATM-based UTRAN- Alternative IP-based

signalling bearer

UMTS Rel-4

Bearer Services- Voice- CSD64 kbps- PSD

2 Mbps

- TD-SCDMA1.28 Mcps- IP telephony MSC server Media Gateway

UMTS Rel-5

Bearer Services- Voice- CSD64 kbps- PSD

14.4 Mbps

- ALL IP core network- IP multimedia

subsystem- IP RAN- High Speed Downlink

Packet AccessHSDPA

ALL IP Network

10

10

10.1

Release-99 Release-4 Release-4 Release-99 Release-99 10.1.1 Release-4 10.1.2 10.1.2 Release-4 Release-99

Release-5 HSDPA 11Release-5 All-IP 12 Release-6 Release-7 9

11

11

GSM UMTS

Universal Subscriber Identity Module (USIM)

Subscriber Identity Module (SIM)

Radio Network Subsystem (RNS)

Base Station Subsystem (BSS)

Radio Network Controller (RNC)

Base Station Controller (BSC)

Node BBase Station Transceiver (BST)

User Equipment (UE)Mobile Station (MS)

UMTSGSM

GSM UMTS . .

12

12

Section 10.1.1Section 10.1.1R99 The Architecture of Mobile Communication Network in R99

13

13

Release-99

Release-3UMTS R99 10-2

User EquipmentUE UMTS UMTS Terrestrial

Radio Access NetworkUTRAN Core NetworkCN service network

14

14

10-2 UMTS

Node B

Node B

Node B

Node B

RNC

RNC

Iub

Iur

UTRAN (UMTS Terrestrial RAN)

USIM

ME

UE

Cu

3G MSC/VLR

3G SGSN

GMSC

GGSN

HLR

PLMN,PSTN, ISDN,...

Internet

Core Network

Uu Iu

Iu-PSGn Gi

GrGc

D D

System Architecture of 3GPP Release 99

Gs

Iu-PS

Iu-CS

Iu-CS

Rel99 radio networkcore network

GPRS SGSNradio(RMM, handoff)

RNC

Iur soft handoff

External Network

Release 99 UMTS . UMTS , 3 :

UTRAN (UMTS Terrestrial RAN): radio , WCDMA, FDD/TDDCore network: ( interworking), .User Equipment: air interface user .

Release 99 UMTS GPRS Release 99 radio network core network Radio network radio GPRS SGSN radio RNC handoff radio resource management (RMM) RNC , RNC , RNC BSC RNC Iur soft handoff VLR CS domain MSC , PS domain, SGSN .

15

15

User EquipmentUE

UE Mobile EquipmentME

UMTS UMTS Subscriber Identity ModuleUSIM

ME USIM Cu UE Uu UTRAN

User Equipment (UE; MS 3G ), Uu radio interface WCDMA Node B .

Mobile Equipment (ME) : Uu .UMTS Subscriber Identity Module (USIM): smart card, , .

16

16

UTRAN (1/2)

UE Radio Network SubsystemRNS RNS Radio Network

ControllerRNC Node B

Node B

Node BRNC

Iub

RNS

IuCS

IuPS

Uu

UTRAN RNS (Radio Network Sub-system) . RNS RNC Node B.

RNC Node B Iub interface . RNC IuPS interface SGSN , IuCS interface MSC .

Node B, Base station, Uu Iub L1 , channel coding interleaving, rate adaptation, spreading . BTS, Node B radio resource management, inner loop power control.

Node B(Cell)sectored Node BNode B13 (3-sectortraffic load)

RNC Node B , service access point Core Network. RRC (Radio Resource Control) RNC (i.e., ).

Node B Downlink orthogonal codes RNC .Note: RRC UE UTRAN message procedure. RRC L1 L2 entities , (MM, CM, SM) , UE mobility (measurement, handover, cell update). RNC RNCs Iur interface . Note: GPRS/GSM BSCs .

IuCS, IuPS, Iub, Iur interface ATM , QoS.

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17

UTRAN (2/2)

Node B //softer handoverpower control

RNCRadio Resource ManagementRRMRNCadmission controlhandover controlload control10.4

UTRAN ( UTRAN ):UTRAN radio interface , soft handover WCDMA Radio Resource Management algorithms.

UTRA UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access, 3GPP Radio Access Network UTRA standardization. UTRA Universal Terrestrial Radio Access.

PS CS domains , , air interface protocol stack (Uu) UE, Iu CN. GSM ATM UTRAN bearer. AAL2 (constant delay, variable bit rate) voice data (or video, circuit type data). AAL5 (constant delay, variable bit rate) packet-typed data, signaling packet data.

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18

UTRAM

RNC Iub Node BRNC Iur RNC

RNC Iu CS domain Iu-CS PS domain Iu-PS

R99 UTRAN ATM

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19

Core NetworkCN

PSTN/ISDN Internet

Circuit Switched domainCS domain

GSM

Packet Switched domainPS domain

GPRS

PSTN/ISDNInternetCore Network , Intelligent network :

HLRMSC/VLR circuit-switched (CS) . GMSC UMTS PLMN CS domain .SGSN MSC/VLR, circuit-switched (PS) domain . GGSN GMSC, PS domain .

GPRS UMTS, core network SGSN MSC .SGSN MS ( MM PDP Context ).

core network HLR ( HLR packet domain subscription date), VLR GGSN ( , PDP contexts) .

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20

CS Domain

MSC/VLRHLR GMSC R99 CS domain MAPSGSN HLR Gr SGSN MSC Gs MAP GGSN HLR Gc MAP

Gc Core Network (CN)

circuit-switched (CS) service domain (i.e., PSTN/ISDN).CS. packet-switched (PS) service domain (i.e., Internet, IP).PS(Mobility Management, MM)(Session Management, SM)

CS domain , IMSI TMSI MS. PS domain , IMSI P-TMSI MS.

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21

PS Domain

SGSN GGSN SGSN GGSN Gn GTP IP GTPGPRS Tunneling Protocol

UMTS Access Point NameAPN IP transparent

GGSN IP

non-transparent GGSN IP DHCP RADIUS IP UE

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22

UMTS (1/2)

UMTS

Control planeC-plane

10-3 10-6 UMTS PS Domain

User planeU-plane

10-4 10-6 UMTS PS Domain

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23

UMTS (2/2)

Non-Access StratumNAS

CMMMGMM SM L3Layer 3 signaling

Access StratumASATMUuradio interface protocolIuASUTRAN

Non-Access StratumNASCMMMGMMSML3Layer 3 signaling

Access StratumASATMUuradio interface protocolIuASUTRAN

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24

10-3 UMTS

UTRANUE CN

Non-Access Stratum

Access stratum

CMMMGMMSM

RadioInterfaceProtocols

IuProtocols

CMMMGMMSM

RadioInterfaceProtocols

IuProtocols

RadioUu

Iu

Non-access stratum , CM, MM, GMM, SM. MM.radio access, Non-access stratum. Connection Management (CM), (Mobility Management, MM)(Session Management, SM), UMTS PS(GPRS Mobility Management, GMM) Communication Management? GSM CM communication management? call setup.

25

25

10-5 UMTS PS Domain

Relay

GMM / SM/ SMS

RRC

RLC

MAC

L1

GMM / SM/ SMS

RANAP

SCCPSignalling

Bearer

ATML1

ATM

AAL5

MAC SignallingBearer

RLC SCCP

RRC RANAP

AAL5

UE RNS 3G SGSNUu Iu-PS

GPRS UMTS , GSM Mobile Application Part (MAP) SGSN GSM . UMTS .

, HLR Gr MSC/VLR Gs (BSSAP+ protocol BSS Application Protocol +). SGSNs GGSN GPRS Tunneling Protocol (GTP) Gninterface ., GPRS GTP tunnel . tunnel tunnel endpoint identifier (TEID) , IP address UDP port number .

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26

UMTS GPRS

(a) Control plane for UMTS Mobility Management

SGSNradio, RRCRANAPUERNC, RNCSGSN

(b) Control Plane for GPRS Mobility Management

LLCMSSGSN

RRC

GMM

RLC

Lowerlayer

protocols

RANAP

AAL 5

ATM

GMM

SCCPRLC SCCP

AAL5

ATM

Lowerlayer

protocols

RRC RANAP

Relay

MSUn

SGSNRNS IuPS

RLC

GMM

LLC

Lowerlayer

protocols

BSSGP

Lowerlayer

protocols

GMM

LLC

Lowerlayer

protocols

Lowerlayer

protocols

RLC BSSGP

Relay

MSUm

SGSNBSSGb

UMTS GPRS Control Planes . PS domain.GPRS , MS SGSN LLC . UMTS LLC layer, SGSN radio . UMTS : Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol MS UTRAN ( radio resource ), Signaling Connection Control Part(SCCP) UTRAN SGSN .

Mobility Management. GPRS SGSN MS . UMTS , SGSN MS MM context, MS RA-level location tracking, SGSN radio , UTRAN MM , UTRAN MS cell URA.

SCCP Radio Access Network Application Part (RANAP) protocol, MS CN , UTRAN . RANAP serving RNC relocation, radio access bearer (RAB) management . GPRS UMTS , GPRS Mobility Management (GMM) protocol . UMTS GMM UMTS MM (UMM).

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27

10-4 UMTS

UuAS

UTRANUE CN

Non-Access Stratum

Access stratum

RadioInterfaceProtocols

IuProtocols

RadioInterfaceProtocols

IuProtocols

RadioUu

Iu

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28

10-6 UMTS PS Domain

Relay

Application

E.g., IPPPP

PDCP

RLC

L1 L1 ATM

AAL5

RLC UDP/IP

PDCP GTP-U

UE UTRAN 3G GGSNUu Gn

3G SGSN

MACMAC

Relay

ATM L1

L2

UDP/IP UDP/IP

GTP-U GTP-U

AAL5

E.g., IPPPP

GTP-U

UDP/IP

L1

L2

GiIu-PS

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29

UMTS GPRS

(a) User plane for UMTSUTRANIP over ATM, GTP-UIP

UEUTRANPDCPIP

(b) User Plane for GPRSUESGSN, LLC

SNDCPIP

Relay

NetworkService

GTP-U

Application

IP

SNDCP

LLC

RLC

MAC

GSM RF

SNDCP

LLC

BSSGP

L1bis

RLC

MAC

GSM RF

BSSGP

L1bis

Relay

L2

L1

IP

L2

L1

IP

GTP-U

IP

Um Gb Gn GiMS BSS SGSN GGSN

NetworkService

UDPUDP

L1

RLC

PDCP

MAC

E.g., IP,PPP

Application

L1

RLC

PDCP

MAC

ATM

UDP/IP

GTP-U

AAL5

Relay

L1

UDP/IP

L2

GTP-U

E.g., IP,PPP

3G-SGSNUTRANMSIu-PSUu Gn Gi

3G-GGSN

ATM

UDP/IP

GTP-U

AAL5

L1

UDP/IP

GTP-U

L2

Relay

user plane. UMTS GPRS User Planes. GPRS, SubNetwork Dependent Convergence Protocol (SNDCP) MS SGSN LLC , NPDUs (Network Packet Data Units). UMTS , MS UTRAN RLC Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP), IP packet RLC . GPRS SNDPC. UTRAN CN GTP-U (GTP for the user plane protocol) UDP/IP link (Iu link). MM signaling procedures , lost User data .Control plane user plane RLC/MAC .GPRS , GMM messages Gb Um interface .

, LLC link MS SGSN MS signaling connection.

UMTS , GMM message Iu Uu interface .UMTS signaling connection MS UTRAN RRC connection UTRAN SGSN Iu connection ( RANAP instance).

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30

Section 10.1.2Section 10.1.2Rel-4The Architecture of Mobile Communication Network in Rel-4

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31

Release-4

Rel-3 UTRAN LCS TDD TD-SCDMA

CS domain IP

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32

Rel-4 (1/2)

Rel-4 Rel-5 10-7Rel-4 bearer independentIP telephonyMSC MSCMobile Switching Center ServerMSC

Servercall control

Media GatewayMGWMSC Server

GMSC GMSC MGW

MSCMSCMobile Switching Center ServerMSC ServerMedia GatewayMGW

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33

Rel-4 (2/2)

GERANGSM/EDGE RAN EDGE BSS Iu 3G MSC 12 UMTS All-IP 10-7

34

34

10-7 Rel-4 Rel-5 Application &

Service

Legacy mobilesignaling network

Multimedia IPNetworks

PSTN/Legacy/External

Application &Service

Alternative AccessNetwork

SMS-GMSCSMS-IWMSC

SM-SC

SCP

HSS

EIR

HSS

TE MT BSS /GERAN

TE MT UTRAN

R-SGW

CSCF

MRF

CSCF

MGCF T-SGW

MGW

R-SGW

SGSN GGSN

MGW

MSG server GMSC server T-SGW

SignalingSignaling and Data Transfer Interface

Iu= IucsRTP,AAL2Iu= IuRANAP

R

R

Um

Uu

Iu

Iu

Gb

Iu

Iu

Iu

A

CAP

CAP

Mc

D C

Mh

Nc

Nb

Mc

Gi Mc

GiGi

Gi

MrMg

MmMw

MsMh

Cx

Gc

Gr

Gf

CAP

35

35

Section 10.2Section 10.2UMTS UMTS Radio Access Technology

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36

UMTS (1/2)

UMTS FDD TDD

ITU-T UMTS 10-8 FDD 1920-1980MHz

2110-2170MHz FDD / 5MHz/ 190MHz

TDD 1900-1920MHz 2010-2025MHz WCDMA 2100

WCDMA FDD (uplink/downlink 5 MHz) TDD ( IMT2000 ) . FDD . FDD TDD, base station .FDD (Frequency Division Duplex):

ITU FDD1920-1980 MHz2110-2170 MHzFDD/5 MHz/190 MHzFDD(DS-CDMA) A DUPLEX SEPERATION of 190 MHz is used to avoid interference between the two signals.FDD is better suited to covering wide areas with lower transmission rate.FDD(Soft Handover)FDD1500 Hz

TDD (Time Division Duplex):TDDTDMACDMATD-CDMA To avoid overlap between uplink and downlink from propagation delays, a GUARD PERIOD is allocated.TDD is suitable for small cell areas where higher data rates can be provided.TDD(Hard Handover)TDDGuard period is needed.For higher data rate, small cell area

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37

UMTS (2/2)

1850-1910MHz 1930-1990MHz WCDMA 1900 10-3 UMTS FDD TDD

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38

10-8 IMT2000 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 2250

1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 2250

MSS

MSS

PCS

MSS

MSS

MSS

MSS

MSS

MSS

MSS

MSS

MSS

MSS

TDD

TDD

IMT 2000ITU

TaiwanR.O.C.

Europe

China

Japan

USA

GSM1800

GSM 1800

GSM1800

UMTSFDD-uplink

DECT TDDUMTSFDD-uplink

IMT 2000

PHS IMT 2000

IMT 2000

UMTSFDD-

downlink

UMTSFDD-

downlink

IMT 2000

IMT 2000

Reserve MSS MobileSatellite ServicesA D B E F C A D B E F C

2010

1885

1805 1880

1920 1975 2010

2025

2025

2025WLL WLL1980

1918

18951990 2160

2170

2110

2110

2170

2165

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39

10-3 UMTS FDDTDD (1/2)

1248164512

QPSKIQ/code multiplexing BPSKQPSK

10 ms

15 slots/frame

3.84 Mcps

5MHz

Asynchronous operation

TDDFDD

TD-CDMADS-CDMA

UTRA TDDUTRA FDD

WCDMA :WCDMA wideband Direct-Sequence Code Division Multiple Access. , CDMA spreading code quasi-random bits ( chips, 3.84Mchips per second), 5 MHz .

DS-CDMA 1 MHz , IS-95 1.25 MHz, narrowband CDMA ., multipath diversity. carriers interference, 4.4 MHz - 5 MHz .

WCDMA Bandwidth on Demand (BoD) . 10 msec frame, , . frame, data rate. throughput, .WCDMA FDD (uplink/downlink 5 MHz) TDD ( IMT2000 ) . WCDMA , IS-95 GPS , . .WCDMA pilot symbol common pilot, (coherent detection) uplink downlink . IS-95 downlink, WCDMA uplink capacity coverage., CDMA , smart antenna, multiuser detection, capacity coverage. WCDMA GSM handovers.

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40

10-3 UMTS FDDTDD (2/2)

DCADynamic Channel Allocation

DCADynamic Channel Allocation

Hard handoverHard handover

Hard handoverSoft handover

open loop100200Hzclosed loop800 HzFast closed loop1500 Hz

Coherentbased on midambleCoherentbased on pilot symbol

spreading factormulti-codemulti-slotspreading factormulti-code

UTRA TDDUTRA FDD

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41

Section 10.3Section 10.3Radio Interface Protocol

42

42

(1/3)

UMTS UE RNC radio link

physical layer data link layer network layer

43

43

(2/3)

Media Access ControlMAC Radio Link ControlRLC Broadcast and Multicast Control

BMC Packet Data Convergence

ProtocolPDCPBMC PDCP

44

44

(3/3)

Radio Resource ControlRRC

RRC RLCMACPDCP BMC

MACRLCPDCPBMC

MACRLCRRC

10-510-6

(User PlaneU-plane)(Control PlaneC-plane)U-planeC-Plane

U-planeMACRLCPDCPBMC. MAC.C-planeMACRLCRRCU-plane

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45

L3co

ntro

l

cont

rol

cont

rol

cont

rol

LogicalChannels

TransportChannels

C-plane signalling U-plane information

PHY

L2/MAC

L1

RLC

DCNtGC

L2/RLC

MAC

RLCRLC

RLCRLC

RLCRLC

RLC

Duplication avoidance

UuS boundary

BMC L2/BMC

control

PDCPPDCP L2/PDCP

DCNtGC

RadioBearers

RRC

RRC, UE,

RLC,

MAC

,

IP,

(Radio Interface Protocol)UMTSUERNC(Radio Link)

UEOSI

(Physical Layer)(Data Link Layer), MAC(Media Access Control)RLC(Radio Link Control)BMC(Broadcast/Multicast Control)PDCP(Packet Data Convergence Protocol).

Control plane, RRC RLC ( Segmentation/Reassembly, Retransmission). User plane, RRC PDCP(IP, (IP Header)), BMC (broadcast), RLC. RLC transmission mode, user data IP header ( PDCP), broadcast (BMC).

(Network Layer), RRC(Radio Resource Control)RLCMACPDCPBMC.

ChannelsMACRLC(Logical Channel)MAC(Transport Channel).(Physical Channel).Logic channel transport channel . Transport channel Physical layer, physical channel .Radio Bearer: air interface channelTransport channels: WCDMA physical channel. air interface .Physical channels , channelization code .

46

46

Channels

Physical channels channelization

code Transport channels WCDMA physical channel air interface

Logic channels GSM logic channel ,

Radio Bearers air interface

Physical channel : Logic channel MAC SAP service access point

47

47

Section 10.3.1Section 10.3.1Physical LayerPHY

48

48

(1/2)

WCDMA UENode B

interleaving Forward Error CorrectionFEC closed loop

10-4

49

49

(2/2)

chipbitslotframe

transport channelcoded composite

Macro-diversity

50

50

WCDMA

5MHz 3.84Mcps

51

51

10-10 WCDMA

0 1 2 43 5 6 7 98 10 11 12 1413frame10msec

slot

666 sspreading code

UMTS , frame 15 slots. Uplink DPCCH, DPDCH , . channel , [3]. frame 15 slots. slot 666 us, GSM 577 us . SF=4 spreading code, slot 640 bits, total bit rate 960 kpbs. coding, 480 kbps data rate.

52

52

WCDMA

channelizationcode38400chipsscrambling code Orthogonal Variable

Spreading FactorOVSF3.84 Mcps

spreading factor

OVSF

Channelization code ( BS users, ) .

Downlink: cells , users .Uplink: DPDCH DPCCH.

Channelisation by using the OVSF (Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor) codes

Spreading code Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor (OVSF) Spreading factor , i.e., user spreading code. spreading factor, .OVSF codes spreading code orthogonal. chip rate 3.84 Mcps.

Node B Downlink orthogonal codes RNC .Channelization code :

Length: uplink 4-256 chips, downlink 4-512 chips ( 10 ms frame)Number of code under one scrambiling code = spreading factorCode family: channelization codes Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor (OVSF) .Channelization code spreading , transmission bandwidth.

53

53

DataChip rateChip rateBit rate

scrambling codechannelization code

To transmit

Uplink: Separation of terminal Downlink: Separation of sectors (cells)

Uplink: Separation of DPDCH and DPCCH from the same terminalDownlink: Separation of downlink connections to different users within one cell

Usage

ScramblingSpreading

Spreading Scrambling

spreading, scrambling. spreading (channelization code) , scrambling ( scrambling code) . UE , scrambling BS (or cells), spreading . BS , scrambling UE , spreading DPDCH or DPCCH.

Dedicated Physical Data Channel (DPDCH)UEuser dataphysical layer, Dedicated Physical Control Channel (DPCCH) UE control message physical layer.

Scrambling code uplink downlink Spreading/Channelization code

Downlink: cells users .Uplink: DPDCH DPCCH.

UE receiver, Scrambling code cells, channelization code . Node B receiver, Scrambling code UEs, channelization code user data control signals.

54

54

10-4

224512

10ms=38400chips4~256 chips1 ms

~66.7ms4~512 chips

UplinkDownlink

Gold codeExtended S2code

OVSF

Scrambling codeChannelization code

Scrambling code uplink downlink . spreading code, scrambling .

Downlink: cellsUplink: UEs, which is unique in the same RNC coverage area.

Scrambling code Pseudo-Random sequence, random binary number. WCDMA scrambling cell user,

IS-95 scrambling code, BS synchronization, Spreading code users.scramblingAsync . UMTS Async BS cost , fast cell selection

Scrambling code :Length: 10ms frame 38400 chips ( chip rate 38400/10^-2 = 3.84 MHz)Number of code: uplink code, 512 downlink codesCode family: 10 ms Gold codeScrambling signal bandwidth, chip rate. spreading .

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55

dedicated channel common channel

3G 2G shared

channel

Transport channel : Dedicated transport channels common transport channels.Dedicated transport channels user , code.

dedicate channel (DCH), data speech frame, higher layer control information handover commands, measurement report. WCDMA , frame data rate, GSM traffic channel (TCH), Associated control channel (ACCH).

Common transport channels users , type. GSM , common channel packet data, downlink shared channel packet data.Common channel handover, fast power control.

56

56

-

UE

Dedicated channel (DCH)

DCH Service data (e.g., speech frame) and higher layer control frame (e.g., handover commands and measurement reports)

57

57

-

UE UE Broadcast Channel (BCH) (downlink) Forward Access Channel (FACH) (downlink) Paging Channel (PCH) (downlink) Random Access Channel (RACH) (uplink) Uplink Common Packet Channel (CPCH) (uplink)

PS

Downlink Shared Channel (DSCH) (downlink) UE UE DCH

Broadcast Channel (BCH): cell UTRAN (System InformationSI)UE cell random access codes, access slots, transmit diversity method .

, low-end BCH, BCH low and fixed data rate, high power.

Paging Channel (PCH): paging procedure , speech call, location area cells page .

PCH , standby , paging receiver . paging .

Random Access Channel (RACH): page, connection, initial system access, , .

RACH low data rate, RACHPS

Forward Access Channel (FACH): RACH accessFACH

FACH low bit rate, power control, . , high bit rate FACH . FACHPSFACH

Uplink Common Packet Channel (CPCH): RACH , packet-based user data ( packet-based user data FACH ).

CPCH RACH UPCH fast power control, physical layer collision detection , CPCH status monitoring procedure. RACH 1-2 frames, UPCH frames.

Downlink Shared Channel (DSCH): UEPSUEDSCHDCHDCHDSCHDSCHDSCH FACH DSCH fast power control, variable bit rate. DSCH ,

, Common transport channels RACH, FACH PCH , DSCH CPCH option. USCH (Uplink shared) channel TDD , for (uplink) dedicated user/control data.

58

58

10-12

Transport Channels Physical Channels

DCH

RACH

Dedicated Physical Data Channel (DPDCH)

Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)Dedicated Physical Control Channel (DPCCH)

Physical Common Packet Channel (PCPCH)Common Pilot Channel (CPICH)Primary Common Control Physical Channel (P-CCPCH)Secondary Common Control Physical Channel (S-CCPCH)

Synchronization Channel (SCH)Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)Acquisition Indicator Channel (AICH)Access Preamble Acquisition Indicator Channel (AP-AICH)Paging Indicator Channel (PICH)CPCH Status Indicator Channel (CSICH)Collision-Detection/Channel-Assignment Indicator Channel (CD/CA-ICH)

CPCH

BCHFACHPCH

DSCH

transport channel physical layer physical channels . transport channel physical channel .SCH, CPICH, AICH CSICH, CD/CA-ICH CPCH , .DCH physical channels, physical layer control information data. DPCCH fixed rate, DPDCH variable rate. physical layer, radio frame 10 msec. paging procedure random access procedure, , 10 msec system frame.

59

59

Section 10.3.2Section 10.3.2Media Access ControlMAC

60

60

MAC

MAC

RRC transport format UMTS QoS

MAC RLC transparent mode10.3.3

Priority handling (between data flows/terminals) Multiplexing/demultiplexingTraffic volume monitoring

MACMAC layer , logic channel transport channel. RRC transport channel Transport Format (TF), voice bit rate 12.2kbps, packet 384kbps, formatUMTSQoSMAC(Transparent Mode)RLCMAC MAC .MACRRCTraffic volume monitoring: MAC user data, report RNC.Access service class selection: MAC , Access service class selection ( 15 classes)Dynamic transport channel type switching

61

61

Control Channel Traffic Channel

downlink: FACH, DSCH, DCH.uplink: CPCH, RACH, USCH, DCH, transport channel user data.

(DTCH, Dedicated Traffic Channel) UE(bi-directional, point-to-point)(CTCH, Common Traffic Channel) (downlink, point-to-multipoint), FACH.

62

62

Dedicated Traffic CHannelDTCH Bi-directionalone-to-one UE UE

Common Traffic CHannelCTCH Downlinkone-to-many

63

63

- (1/2)

Broadcast Control CHannelBCCH downlink

Paging Control CHannelPCCH downlink

64

64

- (2/2)

Common Control CHannelCCCH Bi-directionalone-to-many UE CCCH RACH/FACH

Dedicated Control CHannelDCCH Bi-directionalone-to-one UERNC

65

65

10-13 UTRAN

BCCH PCCH DCCH CCCHSHCCH

CTCH DTCHLogicalChannels

BCH PCH CPCH RACH FACH USCH DCHDSCH TransportChannels(TDD only)(FDD only)

(TDD only)

(Control Channel). .

(BCCH, Broadcast Control Channel) (downlink)(PCCH, Paging Control Channel) (downlink)(CCCH, Common Control Channel) UECCCHRACH/FACH(bi-directional, one-to-many)(DCCH, Dedicated Control Channel) UERNC(bi-directional, one-to-one)

(Traffic Channel)downlink: FACH, DSCH, DCH.uplink: CPCH, RACH, USCH, DCH, transport channel user data.

(DTCH, Dedicated Traffic Channel) UE(bi-directional, point-to-point)(CTCH, Common Traffic Channel) (downlink, point-to-multipoint), FACH.

66

66

10-14 MAC

MAC-c/sh

MAC-d

BCCH MAC Control

BCH

PCCH BCCH CCCH CTCHSHCCH MAC Control MAC Control DCCH DTCH DTCH

DCHDCHIur or localPCH FACH FACH RACH

CPCH

USCH

USCH

DSCH DSCH

FDD only

TDD only

TDD only

TDD only

MAC-b

67

67

Section 10.3.3Section 10.3.3Radio Link ControlRLC

68

68

RLC

RLC segmentationreassemblyretransmission

RLC RRC

69

69

RLC

RLC Transparent modeTr mode

RLC RLCheader

Unacknowledged ModeUM modecipheringRLC

sequence number

Streaming Video

VoIP

RLC RRC

RLC U-plane C-plane physical layer . (Segmentation/Reassembly)(Retransmission)

control plan, radio linkRLC RRC

RLC(Transparent Mode, Tr mode)(Unacknowledged ModeUM mode)(Acknowledge ModeAM mode)CRC(CRCRLC)

(transparent mode)RLCRLCStreaming Video(unacknowledged mode)(ciphering)RLC(Sequence Number)VoIPRRC(acknowledge mode)ARQ(Automatic Repeat Request)Internet

70

70

RLC

RLC Acknowledge ModeAM mode Automatic Repeat RequestARQ

RLC CRC CRC RLC

Internet

71

71

Section 10.3.4Section 10.3.4Packet Data Convergence ProtocolPDCP

72

72

PDCP

PS domainPDCP

RFC2507

PDCP NAS IP RLC

SRNS SRNS10.5.3

PDCPPSIPPDCP(Header)VoIPRTP/UDP/IPIPv440 bytes20 bytesPDCP

73

73

Section 10.3.5Section 10.3.5Broadcast and Multicast ControlBMC

74

74

BMC

BMC PS domainbroadcastmulticastBMC

75

75

BMC (1/2)

UTRAN BMC BMCCell

Broadcast CenterCBC RRCFACHCTCH

schedulingbuffer

76

76

BMC (2/2)

UE BMC RRC

77

77

Section 10.3.6Section 10.3.6Radio Resource ControlRRC

78

78

RRC

MACRLCPDCPBMC MAC RRC

10.4UE Mobility ManagementMM

RRCUEUTRANcontrol signaling, UE(MACRLCPDCPBMC)(Admission Control)(Handover Control)(Power Control) ( downlink outer and open loop power control), (Channelization Code Allocation)(Load Control)(Packet Scheduling)

Ex: error rate, retransmission.UTRAN MM , UTRAN MS cell URA.programmer RRC, RRC Non-Access Stratum,

cell system information. radio . paging, , cell page, paging timing, . UE connection message.

79

79

PS Domain (1/2)

UMTS GPRS Routing AreaRA RA URAUTRAN Registration AreaUE

LA

RA

RAURA

URA URA

URAURA

URAURA

RA

URAcell

cellcell

cell

cell (for CS/PS domain)

URA: UTRAN RA (for PS domain)

RA: register area (for PS domain)

LA: location area (for CS domain)big

small

MS, GPRS/UMTS cells (BTSs/Node Bs) groups. MS, MS cells MS radio link. CS domain , cells location areas (LAs). VLR MS LA. PS domain , cells routing areas (RA). RA LA . SGSN MS RA.UMTS , RA UTRAN RAs (URAs). UTRAN URA MS cell. ( LA RA) inactive user resource . state user, location update strategy.

UE IDLE mode, CS domain, MSC/VLR LA. incoming call page UE. PS domain, SGSN RA ID (UTRAN UE data).UE CONNECTED mode,

dedicated mode (RRC state=Cell_DCH, Cell_FACH, Cell_PCH), UTRAN UE, cell level. Cell_URA, UTRAN URA level .

80

80

PS Domain (2/2)

UE UTRAN UE cell URA

nononoyesyesyesLAnoyesyesnono-RAyesno-no--URAyesnoyesnononoCell

UMTSUMTS

GPRS

UMTS

GPRS

GSMUTRANSGSNMSC/VLR

MSC/VLR, SGSN UTRAN GSM, GPRS, UMTS , (i.e., cell, URA, RA, TA ). circuit switched domain , GSM/GPRS/UMTS MSC/VLR LA. packet switched domain , GPRS SGSN , RA cell. UMTS SGSN RA, UTRAN URA cell.

81

81

10-15 GSM/GPRS/UMTS

Establish RRCConnection

Release RRCConnection

UTRA RRC Connected ModeUTRA: Inter-RAT

HandoverGSM:

Handover

Establish RRCConnection

Release RRCConnection

URA_PCH CELL_PCH GSMConnectedMode

Establish RRConnection

Release RRConnection

Idle Mode

Camping on a UTRAN cell Camping on a GSM / GPRS cell

GPRS Packet Idle Mode

GPRSPacket

TransferMode

Initiation oftemporaryblock flow

Release oftemporaryblock flow

Cell reselection

CELL_DCH

out ofservice

inservice

CELL_FACH

out ofservice

out ofservice

inservice

servicein

MM state PDP context state (SM) , RRC state radio management , MM state , SGSN wireless , resource . GSM MS RR connection, connected mode. RRC RRC states, user radio resource, radio resource . .UTRAN RRC states idle/connected mode, connected mode 4 states (Cell_PACH, Cell_DCH, Cell_PCH URA_PCH), radio resource.

Idle mode UE broadcast information, CS UE LA ID for CS domain, RA ID for packet domain. UTRAN .Connect mode UE UTRAN CN connection ( physical channel UE). Cell_PCH URA_PCH channel, RRC connections. , resource.

GSM GPRS handover.Idle mode: , network, , UE Idle mode, UE RRC connection. , system information cell broadcast message. request.

Idle mode , location update, UE Cell_DCH Cell_RACH., Cell_DCH, DCCH , DTCH . voice Cell_DCH. packet 5 state.

82

82

(1/2)

10-15 GSM/GPRS/UMTS UE GSM GPRS

UE GSM Radio Resource connectionRR connectionidle modeGSMGSM connected mode

UE GPRS radio blockGPRSGPRS packet transfer mode

83

83

UE UTRAN RRC RRC connectionUTRA RRC connected mode

CELL_DCHCELL_FACHCELL_PCH URA_PCH

CS domain CELL_DCH UE UE

84

84

- CELL_DCH

UE DCH CS domainPS domain DCH UTRAN DCH UE FACH PCH CELL_FACH CELL_PCH DCHCELL_DCH

UE

85

85

- CELL_FACH

UE FACH RACH PS

FACH RACH

UE CELL_FACH UTRAN UE PCH CELL_PCH UE

86

86

CELL_PCH

UE PCH

UE

UE Cell_PCH UTRAN UE URA_PCH UTRAN

87

87

URA_PCH

UE PCH

UE URA URA

88

88

Section 10.4Section 10.4

Radio Resource ManagementRRM

89

89

UE RRM

(admission control) WCDMAUEadmission control UE3GPP

Radio Access NetworkCore NetworkService Network.

Power control UE Node B .Handover control handoff .Channelization Code Allocation: UE code spreading.Load controlPacket Scheduling

90

90

Admission Control

WCDMA

RNC

overload

91

91

Power Control

UENode B

open loop close loop

inner closed loop power controlouter close loop power control

92

92

UE Node B UE

near-far effect UE 1

broadcast

Node B

UE 2

!

Interference limited systemPower control: Gracefully degradation

WCDMA power control . uplink power control, uplink power control, , cell (block), power control, UE , system capacity.

WCDMA power control 1500 , IS-95 800 , fast.

BS, power bit rate. power control, power , , BS cell , solution bit rate ( service )., downlink power . BS power , user cell , user power . . admission control microcell/macrocell, load BS.cell breathing uplink , BS loading (not overloading), , link budget , new user BS, BS , so cell range is short than before at this time. , BS UE , (UE ), Node B UE (uplink) power, connected UE . SIR , coverage area . coverage area unconnected UE, , blocked.

93

93

UE

RNCFrame Error RateFERSIRNode BNode B SIR

94

94

UE1

UE2

P1

P2

Node B Node BUENode B UE SIR target SIR measured SIR > target SIRBS UE power measured SIR

< target SIRBS UE power

Node B UE UE SIRSignal-to-Interference Ratio

1500 Hzfast power control

UE1 UE2 , spreading code . UE1 cell path loss , UE2 BS. UE1 UE2 power control, power , UE1 UE2 . near-far problem of CDMA. BS .Open-loop power control UE , UE Node B common channel , channel, Node B UE power power control. UE , power. open-loop power control. RACH CPCH. Open-loop power control (), downlink beacon signal , path loss, . WCDMA uplink downlink , uplink/downlink fast fading . open-loop power control UE power setting. Fast closed-loop power control . uplink, BS (1.5kHz) Signal-to-Interference Ratio (SIR), target SIR . measured SIR > target SIR, BS UE power; measured SIR < target SIR, BS UE power. path loss fast Reyleigh fading , , so fast.

Note: power cell.Node-B TBC=0/1 UE power.Uplink, inner close loop power control UEuplinkNode-BSIR (Signal-to-Interference Ratio)QoS

closed-loop power control downlink. downlink, cell UE, BS , Rayleigh fading, UE BS .

95

95

UE1

SIR target adjustment commands

Node BRNC

Time

target SIR

UE stands still

Frame reliability information

RNCFERFrame Error RateSIRNode BNode BSIRinner loop power control soft handoff

RNC BER

RNC Node B Frame BER ( soft handoff, RNC BER), BER target SIR setpoint, Node B. Node B SIR setpoint , fast power control. radio link connection, uplink frame error rate (FER), bit error rate (BER) , Node B (RNC ) target SIR setpoint , power. target SIR , , multipath , . target SIR setpoint (power), , (FER) .

, , target SIR , FER (ex: bit error rate

96

96

Handover Control

MAHO UE RNCRNC UE

UMTS UE

softer handoversoft handover UE active set

UE hard handoverinter-system handover

soft/softer handover closed-loop power control , soft/softer handover, near-far scenarios, power ( BS power control), cells ( power control). soft/softer handover WCDMA . soft handoff no conversation interruption is occurred soft/softer handover , WCDMA handovers:Inter-frequency hard handover BS . capacity, frequency BSs. Node B carriers, UE carrier hard handoff carrier. Hard handoff soft handoff timing measurement. Inter-system hard handover WCDMA FDD WCDMA TDD, GSM, Multi-carrier CDMA . 3G , UTRAN .

97

97

Soft Handover

UE1

Node BRNC

Sector 1

Sector 2

The same signal is sent from both sectors to UE1.

UENode B

Node B

BS sectors ( frequency), softer handover. UE BS, UE ? Answer: soft handover , (Rake receiver) delay, rake receiver is at Node B, rake finger is at UE. air interface , (maximal ratio combining) Rake processing .Uplink air path, BS baseband Rake receiver (maximal ratio combining) . softer handover , path power control. 5-15% softer handover.Active set: UE Node-B .SRNC system information, Cells list. UE measurement reports. RNC link, UE new cell active set ( DCCH Active Set Update). , cell link.UE DCCH Active Set Update Complete.

98

98

Softer Handover

UE1

2nd Node B RNC

The same signal is sent from both BSs to UE1 except for the power control commands.

1st Node B

UENode B

RNC

BS ( frequency), soft handover. air interface , (maximal ratio combining) Rake processing . softer handover .Uplink , soft softer handover . uplink signal RNC . RNC frame reliability indicator ( outer power control) , frame, core network. 10-80ms ( interleaving). downlink RNC splitting, 3 instance, Node B, MS. path power control. handover SRNCDRNC, SRNC Node B (NBAP message) target SIR, DRNC target SIR. UE path power control , . 20-40% softer handover. soft handover, , :

Node B Rake receiver channels. RNC Node B transmission links UE Rake finger.

UTRA FDD CPICH (common pilot channel) Received Signal Code Power (RSCP): despreading, CPICH signal code Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI):

UTRS FDD Ec/No: RSCP/RSSI handover . spec operator power control SIR handover . soft handover , cell timing, Rake receiver combine BS . serving cell timing difference measurement, RNC. RNC target cell DCH timing .

99

99

inter-system handover

UEUMTSGSMGSMUMTS

MSC

UTRANRNC

GSMBSS

UE12

34

56

Inter-RAT UMTSGSMRadio Access TechnologyRAT

1 system information2 measurement reports 3 relocation report RNC report handoff 4 acknowledgement (GSM information) 5 hard handover command to GSM 6 GSM handoff access

The UE monitors the appropriate radio resources, sending the required measurements to SRNC.The SRNC assesses the measurement results and may decide to handover from UTRAN to GSM. 6 GSM dedicate channel . WCDMA voice call , break (gap), GSM signal (), user , compressed mode. compressed:Reducing the data rate form the upper layers. ()Lowering the spreading factor so that fewer chips are used to represent the same amount of data. bit rate , slots . . (ex: spreading factor , power , .Reducing the symbol rate by puncturing at the physical layer. 5 bits, 4 bits, .

100

100

Load Control

RRM

101

101

Packet Scheduling

10.3.6 10-15 connectedUE UE Cell_DCH Cell_FACH/Cell_PCH UECell_DCH Internet

UE Internet UE

102

102

Section 10.5Section 10.5Data Service in Packed Switched Domain

PS(i.e. GPRS Attach)(Session Management, SM)IPIPPS

UMTSPSSGSNGGSNPSPSSGSNGGSN(PDP Context)PDP ContextPDP(PDPPDPPDPPDP(IP))APN(Access Point Name)QoSPDU(PDCP-SNDPDCP-SNU)PDP Context ActivationPDP Context ModificationPDP Context DeactivationSecondary PDP Context Activation

UMTSSecondary PDP Context(2.5G GPRSR99)

Secondary PDP ContextIPAPNQoS(PDP Context)Rel-5IMSPDP Context #1(QoSInteractive)IMSPDP Context #2(QoSConversational)PDP ContextIP

each UE 11 address. IP channels, QoS, second PDP context.

103

103

UMTS GMM

UMTS PS domain GPRS Mobility ManagementGMMUE GPRS RA SGSN UE RA

SGSN MM context

PDP context

MM contextPDP context

GPRS UMTS IMSI user Identity, GSM MAP signaling. GPRS, UMTS Radio network parameters radio resources UTRAN . GPRS BSS, UTRAN MS CN MM procedures . UMTS GPRS , SGSN GMM state translation , (, ), procedure/parameter . RA Updating Procedure

Step 1:MSRouting Area Update Request Follow on UMTS, Step 2: old SGSN new SGSN Inter-RNC data forwarding

104

104

GMM (1/2)

UMTS PS domainGMM PS domainPS attach procedures PS GPRS detach procedures

PS

location management procedure

service request procedure

UMTS

PSGMMGPRS AttachGPRS DetachSecurityLocation Management ProcedureService Request ProcedureUMTS-GPRS Intersystem- Change Procedure

PS attach procedurePSPSSGSNHLR(MM context)10-2PS detach procedurePS attach procedurePSSecurity procedure(Authentication)(P-TMSI reallocationP-TMSI signature)(Ciphering)

GSM challenge, 3G challenge .Location management procedureRA UpdateCombined RA/LA updateService request procedureUMTSpaging

UMTS-GPRS intersystem-change procedureGSM/GPRS/UMTS(dual-mode)GPRSUMTSIP

Security procedure(Authentication)(P-TMSI reallocationP-TMSI signature)(Ciphering)

GMMRA Update Procedure(Normal)(Periodic)

Normal MSRARA Update

105

105

GMM (2/2)

UMTSGPRSUMTS-GPRS intersystem-change procedure

GSM/GPRS/UMTS GPRS UMTS IP

security procedureauthentication P-TMSI reallocation P-TMSI signature ciphering10-6

106

106

Section 10.5.1Section 10.5.1Mobility Management in Packet Switched Domain

107

107

PS Domain

UE PS domain PS

SGSN SGSN HLR SGSN MM context

PS/CS Attach PS domain CS domain

108

108

10-16 PS/CS Attach (1/2)

SGSNIMSI MM context UE

SGSN, UEIMSI

PS domainlocation update 6d. Insert Subscriber Data

6c. Cancel Location Ack

6b. Cancel Location

3. Identity Response

2. Identification Response

2. Identification Request1. Attach Request

5. IMEI Check

3. Identity Request

4. Authentication

6a. Update Location

6f. Update Location Ack

6e. Insert Subscriber Data Ack

UE UTRAN New SGSN Old SGSN GGSN HLREIR OldMSC/VLRNew

MSC/VLR

1: MSAttach Request (IMSI/P-TMSI, old RAI, classmark, Attach Type, , Follow On Request, ) SGSN

Attach type(GPRS attachcombined GPRS/IMSI Attach)Follow on requestAttach RequestIuFollow on requestUMTS2.5G GPRS

SGSNAttach RequestMS

SGSNMSSGSN 2SGSNIMSISGSNP-TMSIMM context

MM context(SGSNMS) 6 7SGSNMS 2 3

2: SGSNIdentification RequestSGSNMSIMSIMM contextSGSNMSSGSN 3IMSISGSN 2IMSI 3 3: SGSNIdentity RequestMSIMSI 4~5: SGSNMS IMEI

6a 6f: SGSNMSMS

109

109

10-16 PS/CS Attach (2/2)

CS domainlocation update

UE attachVLRTMSI

UE GPRS Attach PS domain PDP context Activation Procedure IP

PS domainGMM

7d. Cancel Location Ack

7c. Cancel Location

7b. Update Location

7g. Update Location Ack

7e. Insert Subscriber Data

7f. Insert Subscriber Data Ack

7a. Location Update Request

7h. Location Update Accept

UE UTRAN New SGSN Old SGSN GGSN HLREIR OldMSC/VLRNew

MSC/VLR

9. Attach Complete

8. Attach Accept

10. TMSI Reallocation Complete

7a~7h: 1Attach TypeCombined GPRS/IMSI AttachGs 7aSGSNVLRLocation Update RequestVLRCSIMSI AttachPSSGSNCS/PSGsSGSN 7b~7hCS 8: SGSNAttach Accept(P-TMSI, TMSI,)MS 9-10: P-TMSITMSIMSAttach Complete( 9)TMSISGSNTMSI Reallocation CompleteMSVLR( 10)MSGPRS AttachPS(PDP Context Activation ProcedureIP10.4.2)PSGMM

110

110

(1/2)

RARA update procedure RALARALACombined RA/LA update procedure

RA update procedure normal periodicUE

SGSN

111

111

(2/2)

SGSN RA update procedure SGSNRAintra-SGSN RA

update procedure SGSN UE GGSN HLR RA update

SGSNRAinter-SGSN RA update procedure

SGSN SGSN MM context PDP contexts RNC SGSN SGSN

112

112

10-17 SGSN RA (1/2)

SGSNIMSIMM contextUE

UE SGSNSRNC PCP context SRNC

SGSN

GGSNPDP context

SGSN HLR SGSN PS domain

3. SGSN Context Response4. Security Functions

2. SGSN Context Request

1. Routeing Area Update Request

UE Old SRNS GGSNOld3G-SGSN

New3G-SGSN

HLRNewMSC/VLROld

MSC/VLR

5. SGSN Context Ack

9. Update PDP Context Response

9. Update PDP Context Request

2a. SRNS Context Request

2a. SRNS Context Response

6. SRNS Data Forward Command

7. Forward Packets

8. Forward Packets

new SRNS

1: MSRouting Area Update Request (old RAI, old P-TMSI Signature, Update Type, Classmark, PDP context status)SGSN

Update Type(RA updateperiodic RA updatecombined RA/LA update)Follow On RequestPDP context statusPDP context(ActiveInactive)Follow On RequestUMTS

2~2a: Inter SGSN RA Update ProcedureSGSNSGSN Context Request (old RAI, old P-TMSI Signature, New SGSN Address)SGSNMM contextPDP contextsSGSNMSold P-TMSI SignatureMSPMM

P-TMSI SignatureMSPMM-IDLE2a 3MS 3

P-TMSI SignatureMSPMM-CONNECTED() 2aRNCPDP ContextGTP(Sequence Number)PDCPRNCMSSRNS Context Response (IMSI, GTP-SNDs, GTP-SNUs, PDCP-SNUs)SGSN

3: SGSNSGSN Context Response (MM Context, PDP Contexts)MSMM context PDP contextsSGSNPDP contextGTP-SNDGTP-SNU 4: SGSNRA Reject 5: SGSN 3SGSN Context AckSGSNSGSNMS 6: MSPMM-CONNECTEDSGSNSRNS Data

113

113

10-17 SGSN RA (2/2)

PS domainlocation update

CS domainlocation update

UE RA update

VLRTMSI

UE Old SRNS GGSNOld3G-SGSN

New3G-SGSN

HLRNewMSC/VLROld

MSC/VLR

11. Cancel Location

11. Cancel Location Ack

10. Update Location

15b. Cancel Location

Cancel Location Ack

15d. Insert Subscriber Data

19. TMSI Reallocation Complete

15f. Update Location Ack16. Location Update Accept

18. Routeing Area Update Complete

17. Routeing Area Update Accept

13. Update Location Ack

15a. Update Location

14. Location Update Request

12. Insert Subscriber Data

12. Insert Subscriber Data Ack

15e. Insert Subscriber Data Ack

11a. Iu Release Command

11a. Iu Release Complete

new SRNS

15c.

10: SGSNUpdate Location (SGSN Number, SGSN Address, IMSI)HLRSGSN 11: HLRCancel Location (IMSI, Cancellation Type)SGSNMM ContextMSInter SGSN RA UpdateSGSNRA UpdateSGSN 2(Timer)SGSNHLRCancel Location( 11)MM ContextIu( 11a Iu Release Command and Complete) 12: HLRInsert Subscriber Data (IMSI, subscription data)SGSNSGSNPSDSGSNHLR Insert Subscriber Data Ack (IMSI, SGSN Area Restricted) 17RA Update 13: HLRUpdate Location Ack (IMSI)SGSN 10Update Location 14~16: RA UpdateCombined RA/LA UpdateSGSNGsMSCLA Update( 14~ 16) 17~18: 12SGSNPSSGSNRA UpdateMM ContextRouting Area Update Accept (P-TMSI, VLR TMSI, P-TMSI Signature)MSRouting Area Update Complete 19: 14~16SGSNTMSI Reallocation CompleteVLR

114

114

Section 10.5.2Section 10.5.2Session Management in Packet Switched Domain

115

115

(1/2)

PS domain Session ManagementSM IP IP PS domain PS SGSN

GGSN PS

116

116

(2/2)

SGSN GGSN PDP context PDP context PDP PDP

PDP PDP PDP APNAccess Point NameQoS PDU PDCP-SNDPDCP-SNU

PDP context activation 10-18 PDP context modification PDP context deactivation Secondary PDP context activation 10-19

117

117

10-18 PDP Context Activation

3G-GGSN

5. Activate PDP Context Accept

2. Create PDP Context Response

2. Create PDP Context Request

1. Activate PDP Context Request

3G-SGSNUTRANUE

3 Radio Access Bearer Setup

4 . Update PDP Context Reponse

4 . Update PDP Context Request

UE MM attach, SGSN UE, PDP context activation. PDP active state. UE MM detach PDP Deactivate, PDP active state PDP inactive state. 1: UE (in PDP inactive state) Activate PDP Context Request (PDP Type, PDP Address, APN, QoS Requested, )SGSNPDP TypeIPIPv4IPv6PDP AddressIPIP3G/GPRSUEAPNAPNemome APNQoS RequestedMSQoS(QoS) 2: SGSNAPNDNS (Domain Name Server)GGSNCreate PDP Context Request(PDP Type, PDP Address, APN, QoSRequested, )GGSNPDP ContextPDP AddressIPGGSNIPGGSNCreate PDP Context Response (PDP Address, QoSNegotiated, Charging Id, Cause, )SGSN 3: SGSNCreate PDP Context ResponseRABUTRANRAB 4: 3RABQoS()SGSNUpdate PDP Context RequestQoSGGSNGGSNUpdate PDP Context Response 5: SGSNActivate PDP Context Accept (PDP Type, PDP Address, QoS Negotiated, )UEPDP AddressIP UE PDP active state.

118

118

10-19 Secondary PDP ContexActivation

Secondary PDP context IP APN QoS PDP context

3G-GGSN

5. Activate PDP Context Accept

2. Create PDP Context Response

2. Create PDP Context Request

1. Activate Secondary PDP Context Request

3G-SGSNUTRANUE

3 Radio Access Bearer Setup

4 . Update PDP Context Reponse

4 . Update PDP Context Request

Rel-5IMSPDP context #1QoSinteractiveIMSPDP context #2QoSconversationalPDP contextIP

1: UEActivate Secondary PDP Context Request (Linked TI, NSAPI, TI, QoS Requested, TFT)

QoS RequiredQoS 2: SGSNUETIGGSNCreate PDP Context Request (QoS Negotiated, TEID, NSAPI, Primary NSAPI, TFT)GGSNSecondary PDP ContextGGSNPrimary NSAPINSAPIPDP ContextAPNPDP ContextQoSCreate PDP Context Response (TEID, QoS Negotiated, Cause) 3: SGSNRABRAB 4: 3RABQoS()SGSNUpdate PDP Context RequestQoSGGSNGGSNUpdate PDP Context Response 5: SGSNActivate Secondary PDP Context Accept (TI, QoS Negotiated, Radio Priority, Packet Flow Id)UE

119

119

Section 10.5.3Section 10.5.3 SRNS Inter-SGSN SRNC Relocation on Packet Swtiched Domain

120

120

RNC1 SGSN1RNC2 SGSN2

GGSN SGSN1RNC1RNC2Node B

RNC

Node B

Node B

Node B

Node B

SRNC

DRNC

Iub

Iur

Iu

UE

RNC

SRNCServing RNC DRNCDrift RNC

SGSN1RNC1

RNC2 SGSN2

GGSN

121

121

RNC

Controlling RNC (CRNC)Serving RNC (SRNC)Drift RNC (DRNC)

Node B

Node BSRNC

IubIu

UE

Node B

Node B

Node B

Node B

SRNC

DRNC

Iub

Iur

Iu

UE

Node B

Node B

Node B

Node B

RNC

SRNC

Iub

Iur

Iu

UE

(c)

Node B

Node B

Node B

Node B

SRNC

DRNC

Iub

Iur

Iu

UE

(d)(b)

handover

SRNC

CRNC Node B

DRNC //

(a)

RNC , CRNC, SRNC, DRNC.CRNC: RNC Node B , CRNC.

cells load and congestion control. UE , admission control code allocation.

UE UTRAN , handover, RNC , RNC :SRNC: UE UTRAN , CN , CN RANAP RNC, SRNC. SRNC RRC signaling . SRNC air interface L2 , Radio Access Bearer air interface transport channel , handover decision, outer loop power control.

Note: RNC CN RANAP connection.DRCN: UE , UE RNC, SRNC , DRNC. DRNC data routing, macro-diversity combining and splitting. DRNC L2 , UE transport channel , Iub, Iur .

UE SRNC, 0 DRNC. inter-RNC soft handover , (a) UE SRNC . (b) UE soft handover RNC , SRNC combine , DRNC. (c) UE , Node B .

122

122

SRNC

GGSNSGSN2RNC2Node BUE

10-20

UE RNS RNC1 SRNS RNC2 SRNC

10-21

123

123

10-20 SRNS

aSRNS bSRNS

(1) packet core network link (2) RNC1 (3) SRNC packet RNC (4) MS RNC2 SRNC. (5) PDP context (6) RNC1 link.

GGSN

SGSN2

LA1,RA1

UE

LA2,RA2

SGSN1

RNC1

LA1,RA1

UE

LA2,RA2

(a) (b)

SGSN1

RNC1 RNC2 RNC2

SGSN2

GGSN

SRNC Relocation: (1) packet core network link, (2) RNC1 , (3) SRNC packet RNC (4) MS RNC2 SRNC. (5) PDP context (6) RNC1 link.

124

124

10-21 SRNSRNC2RNC1 SGSN1 SGSN2 GGSN

2. ForwardRelocationRequest

3. RelocationRequest

1. RelocationRequired

5. RelocationCommand4. ForwardRelocationResponse

3. RelocationRequestAcknowledge

7. RelocationDetect

UE

10. RelocationComplete

11. ForwardRelocationComplete

8.UTRANMobility Information

8. UTRAN MobilityInformationConfirm

9. Update PDP Context Request

12. Iu Release Command12. Iu Release Complete

6. RelocationCommit

Forwardingof data

9. Update PDP Context Response

11. Forward RelocationCompleteAck.

13. RoutingArea Update

RNC1SRNC, RNC2UE, SRNC Relocation. UE .Step1: RNC1 SGSN 1 SRNC Relocation (Relocation Type, Cause, Source ID, Target ID ) .Step2: SGNS1messageRNC2SGNS2, Target RNC id, transparent information field, IMSI, MM context, PDP contexts.Step3: SGSN2RNC2, Target RNC id, transparentinformation field. RNC2Iu, RNC IP address, TEID SGSN2 .Step4: SGSN2 IuSGSN2SGSN1. Step5: SGSN1 RNC1 RNC1Relocation.Step6: RNC1 RNC2 UESequence NumberRNC1T3-TUNNELUERNC2 Step7: RNC2SGSN2.Step8: RNC2UERNC2 RLCUE UE RNC2.Step9: ( Step7 ) SGSN2 Relocation DetectSGSN. SGSN2 GGSN, UE , PDP context.Step10: ( Step8 ) RNC2 SGSN2 Relocation.Step 11: SGNS2 SGSN1 Relocation.Step 12: SGNS1 RNC1 radio link.Step 13: RNC1 RNC2 SGSN, RA, Routing Area Update

125

125

Section 10.6Section 10.6Security Mechanism

126

126

GSM

i.e.UEBTSAbis

integrity protection

127

127

UMTS (1/2)

UE RNC

UMTS UIAUMTS Integrity Algorithm f9

128

128

UMTS (2/2)

UMTSUEAUMTS Encryption Algorithm f8

UE RNC Node B RNC

129

129

AuC

Quintet AVAV=(AUTN, RAND, XRES, CK, IK) AUTN = (SQN AK) || AMF || MAC

AK = f5K(RAND)MAC = f1K(SQN || RAND || AMF)

XRES = f2K(RAND) CK = f3K(RAND) IK = f4K(RAND)

AuCUE

UEAuC

AUTNAuthentication Token

130

130

Quintet

K: secrete key (in USIM & AuC) AMF: Authentication and Key Management

AuC RAND: 128-bit random number SQN: : 128-bit sequence number

131

131

10-22 AuC

Generate SQN

Generate RAND

f1 f2 f3 f4 f5

AUTN := SQN AK || AMF || MAC

AV := RAND || XRES || CK || IK || AUTN

RAND

AMF

MAC XRES CK IK AK

K

SNQ

132

132

10-23 USIM

K SQN

RAND

f1 f2 f3 f4

f5

XMAC RES CK IK

AK

SQN AK AMF MAC

AUTN

MAC = XMAC

SQN

USINXMACMAC

VLR/SGSNRANDAUTH

UE

Expected MACXRES

UEXRES, IK, CK. UEXRES.

133

133

10-24 UMTSL3

UE

UE

VLR/SGSMUTRAN

RNC

UE.

.

.

AuCVLR/SGSN Quintet.UESRNC, HLR/AuC.

134

134

Section 10.7Section 10.7Summary

135

135

Summary

IP3G UMTS R99QoSUMTSUMTSPS3G3G

136

136

Homework